Fire resistive covering method and fire resistive covering structure for skeleton

Abstract

To provide a fire resistive covering method and a fire resistive covering structure for a skeleton capable of improving fire resistance of the skeleton having wooden columns.SOLUTION: A fire resistive covering method for a skeleton of a building 2 having wooden columns 10, beams 20 connected to the wooden columns 10, and a concrete slab 30 supported on the beams 20 comprises steps of: attaching gypsum boards 40 as fire resistive covering material on a surface of the wooden column 10; connecting the beam 20 with the wooden column 10 on which the gypsum boards 40 are attached; and forming a concrete slab 30 in a deck 31 supported on the beam 20 which is connected with the wooden column 10 by installing concrete such that a part of a lower end side of the gypsum board 40 is buried. A fire resistive covering structure 1 is also provided.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a fireproof coating method and a fireproof coating structure for a building frame having a wooden column, a beam joined to the wooden column, and a concrete slab supported by the beam.

Background Art

[0002] For example, as a building having a frame including a column, a beam joined to the column, and a concrete slab supported by the beam, such as a training facility, a company dormitory, or an apartment building, in order to take environmental measures, a part of the frame is made of wood by using a wooden column as the column, which is known.

[0003] In such a building, in order to enhance fire resistance, it is common to adopt a configuration in which a gypsum board is attached to the surface of the wooden column as a fireproof coating (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0004]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] The gypsum board attached to the upper side of the concrete slab of the wooden column is attached to the surface of the wooden column so that the lower end abuts on the upper surface of the concrete slab in order to prevent the surface of the wooden column from being exposed to the outside and the fire resistance from being impaired.

[0006] However, since the gypsum board has a property of shrinking when heated to a certain temperature or higher, there is a problem that the gypsum board shrinks during a fire, a gap is generated between the gypsum board and the concrete slab, and the fire resistance of the wooden column may decrease.

[0007] The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and an object thereof is to provide a method for fireproof coating and a fireproof coating structure of a building structure capable of enhancing the fire resistance of a structure having a wooden column.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0008] The method for fireproof coating of a building structure of the present invention is a method for fireproof coating of a building structure having a wooden column, a beam joined to the wooden column, and a concrete slab supported by the beam, comprising the steps of: attaching a gypsum board as a fireproof coating material to the surface of the wooden column; joining the beam to the wooden column to which the gypsum board is attached; and placing concrete on a deck supported by the beam joined to the wooden column so that a part of the lower end side of the gypsum board is embedded to form the concrete slab.

[0009] In the method for fireproof coating of a building structure of the present invention, in the above configuration, it is preferable to further include a step of attaching a secondary gypsum board outside the gypsum board and above the concrete slab after forming the concrete slab.

[0010] The fireproof coating structure of a building structure of the present invention is a fireproof coating structure of a building structure having a wooden column, a beam joined to the wooden column, and a concrete slab supported by the beam, characterized by having a gypsum board attached as a fireproof coating material to the surface of the wooden column and having a part of the lower end side embedded in the concrete slab.

Effects of the Invention

[0011] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a method for fireproof coating and a fireproof coating structure of a building structure capable of enhancing the fire resistance of a structure having a wooden column.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0012]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

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Figure 8

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0013] Hereinafter, with reference to the drawings, a method for fireproof coating of a building structure and a fireproof coating structure of a building structure according to an embodiment of the present invention will be exemplified and described in detail.

[0014] The fireproof coating structure 1 of a building structure according to an embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 can be applied to a building 2 such as a training facility, a company dormitory, an apartment building, etc., in which the building structure 3 has a wooden column 10, a beam 20 joined to the wooden column 10, and a concrete slab 30 supported by the beam 20.

[0015] The wooden column 10 is a column formed of wood and extends straight along the vertical direction. In the present embodiment, the wooden column 10 is formed of laminated wood, and its cross-section is square. Note that the wooden column 10 may be formed of solid wood. Further, the cross-sectional shape of the wooden column 10 is not limited to a square, and may be various shapes such as a rectangular shape.

[0016] The beam 20 is joined to the wooden column 10 at one end and extends straight along the horizontal direction. In this embodiment, the beam 20 is a wooden beam formed of laminated wood. Note that the beam 20 may be formed of, for example, solid wood of wood, steel materials such as H-shaped steel, or reinforced concrete.

[0017] The concrete slab 30 is supported by the beam 20 and constitutes the floor portion of the building 2. The concrete slab 30 has a deck 31 supported by a deck receiver 11 attached to the beam 20 and the wooden column 10, and a concrete portion 32 placed on the deck 31. The concrete portion 32 abuts on the entire circumference of the surface of the wooden column 10.

[0018] A gypsum board 40 is attached to the surface of the wooden column 10 as a fireproof coating material. In this embodiment, the gypsum board 40 is a water-resistant reinforced gypsum board. Note that the gypsum board 40 is not limited to the water-resistant reinforced gypsum board as long as it has fire resistance.

[0019] More specifically, the gypsum board 40 is attached to each of the four surfaces above the concrete slab 30 of the wooden column 10. As shown in FIG. 2, for the gypsum board 40 attached to the four surfaces of the wooden column 10, a part of the lower end side of each is embedded in the concrete portion 32 of the concrete slab 30.

[0020] The range of the lower end side of the gypsum board 40 embedded in the concrete portion 32 of the concrete slab 30 can be appropriately changed according to the degree of shrinkage of the gypsum board 40 due to heating and the like. In this embodiment, since the gypsum board 40 having a property of shrinking about 10 mm when heated to a temperature assuming a fire is adopted, for the gypsum board 40, a portion up to 20 mm from its lower end upward is embedded in the concrete portion 32 of the concrete slab 30.

[0021] In this embodiment, a secondary gypsum board 41 is attached to the outside of the gypsum board 40 and above the concrete slab 30. In this embodiment, the secondary gypsum board 41 is also a water-resistant reinforced gypsum board. Note that the secondary gypsum board 41 is not limited to a water-resistant reinforced gypsum board as long as it has fire resistance.

[0022] More specifically, the secondary gypsum board 41 is attached to the surface of each gypsum board 40 attached to each surface of the wooden column 10 above the concrete portion 32 of the concrete slab 30. As shown in FIG. 2, the lower end of each secondary gypsum board 41 is not embedded in the concrete portion 32 of the concrete slab 30 but abuts against the upper end of the concrete portion 32. Note that there may be a slight gap between the lower end of the secondary gypsum board 41 and the upper end of the concrete portion 32.

[0023] Note that the gypsum board 40 and the secondary gypsum board 41 may each be formed of a single gypsum board, or may be a combination of those divided into a plurality of gypsum boards.

[0024] The wooden column 10 may also be configured such that a gypsum board is attached as a non-fire-resistant coating to the surface that requires fire protection, in addition to the portion to which the above gypsum board 40 is attached. For example, in this embodiment, a gypsum board 42 is appropriately attached to the surface of the wooden column 10 below the concrete slab 30, and a secondary gypsum board 43 is attached to the outside of the gypsum board 42.

[0025] Also, in this embodiment, since the beam 20 is also a wooden beam, a gypsum board 44 may be appropriately attached to the surface of the beam 20 that requires fire protection, and a secondary gypsum board 45 may be attached to the outside of the gypsum board 44. Further, a gypsum board 46 may be attached to cover the joint portion between the wooden column 10 and the beam 20, and a secondary gypsum board 47 may be attached to the outside of the gypsum board 46.

[0026] As described above, in the fire-resistant coating structure 1 of the building body according to the present embodiment, the gypsum board 40 attached to the surface of the wooden column 10 as a fire-resistant coating material is configured such that a part of the lower end side thereof is embedded in the concrete slab 30. Thus, as shown in FIG. 3, even if a gap 50 is formed between the gypsum board 40 and the concrete slab 30 due to the heating and contraction of the gypsum board 40 during a fire, the wooden column 10 is maintained in a state of being covered with the gypsum board 40 without being exposed to the outside through the gap 50 between the gypsum board 40 and the concrete slab 30. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the fire resistance of the wooden column 10 from decreasing during a fire.

[0027] Further, in the fire-resistant coating structure 1 of the building body according to the present embodiment, since the auxiliary gypsum board 41 is further attached outside the gypsum board 40 and above the concrete slab 30, the fire resistance of the wooden column 10 can be further enhanced with a double gypsum board, and the lower end of the outer auxiliary gypsum board 41 can be brought into contact with the upper surface of the concrete slab 30, so that the space between the auxiliary gypsum board 41 and the concrete slab 30 can be finished neatly.

[0028] Furthermore, in the fire-resistant coating structure 1 of the building body according to the present embodiment, since the gypsum board 40 and the auxiliary gypsum board 41 are each formed of a water-resistant reinforced gypsum board, the waterproofness and mold resistance of the gypsum board 40 and the auxiliary gypsum board 41 can be enhanced while enhancing the fire resistance of the wooden column 10.

[0029] Next, a procedure for constructing the fire-resistant coating structure 1 of the building body having the above configuration by the fire-resistant coating method of the building body according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

[0030] As shown in FIG. 4, first, gypsum boards 40 are attached to the four surfaces of the wooden column 10 as fire-resistant coating materials respectively. The position where the gypsum board 40 is attached is a position where a part of the lower end side of the gypsum board 40 is embedded in the concrete slab 30 when the concrete slab 30 is provided.

[0031] In this process, gypsum board 42 and auxiliary gypsum board 43 may be attached as non-fireproof coatings to other surfaces of the wooden column 10 that require fireproof coating.

[0032] The process of attaching gypsum board 40, auxiliary gypsum boards 42 and 43 as fireproof coating materials to each of the four surfaces of the wooden column 10 may be carried out at a factory provided at a location separate from the construction site of the building 2, or may be carried out at the construction site of the building 2. When this process is carried out at a factory, the factory may be a factory that manufactures the wooden column 10 from wood.

[0033] In this embodiment, the process of attaching gypsum board 40, auxiliary gypsum boards 42 and 43 as fireproof coating materials to each of the four surfaces of the wooden column 10 is carried out at a factory. Thereby, the operation of attaching the gypsum board 40, auxiliary gypsum boards 42 and 43 to the wooden column 10 can be accurately performed at the factory.

[0034] When the beam 20 is a wooden beam, the operation of attaching the gypsum board 44 and the auxiliary gypsum board 45 to the surface of the beam 20 may be carried out at the factory.

[0035] The wooden column 10 with the gypsum board 40 and auxiliary gypsum boards 42 and 43 attached and the beam 20 with the gypsum board 44 and auxiliary gypsum board 45 attached at the factory are transported to the construction site of the building 2.

[0036] Next, as shown in FIG. 5, at the construction site of the building 2, after the wooden column 10 with the gypsum board 40 and auxiliary gypsum boards 42 and 43 attached is erected, the beam 20 is joined to the wooden column 10. The joining of the beam 20 to the wooden column 10 can be configured to be pin-joined using, for example, joining fittings (not shown), but the structure can be appropriately changed.

[0037] In this process, the deck support 11 may be attached to the wooden column 10, and the gypsum board 46 and the auxiliary gypsum board 47 that cover the joint portion between the wooden column 10 and the beam 20 may be attached across the wooden column 10 and the beam 20.

[0038] Next, as shown in FIG. 6, concrete is placed on the deck 31 supported by the beam 20 joined to the wooden column 10 to form the concrete slab 30. In the present embodiment, the deck 31 is also supported by a deck receiver 11 attached to the wooden column 10.

[0039] At this time, the concrete is placed so that a part of the lower end side of the gypsum board 40 attached to the wooden column 10 is embedded in the concrete portion 32 of the concrete formed by the hardening of the concrete placed on the deck 31. As a result, when the concrete hardens, as shown in FIG. 7, the gypsum boards 40 attached to the four surfaces of the wooden column 10 are each in a state where a part of the lower end side is embedded in the concrete portion 32 of the concrete slab 30.

[0040] In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, after forming the concrete slab 30, a sub-gypsum board 41 is attached to the outside of the gypsum board 40 and above the concrete slab 30. At this time, the lower end of the sub-gypsum board 41 is not embedded in the concrete portion 32 of the concrete slab 30, but is arranged to abut on the upper surface of the concrete portion 32 as shown in FIG. 2.

[0041] As described above, in the fireproof covering method of the building structure according to the present embodiment, the gypsum board 40 is attached to the surface of the wooden column 10 as a fireproof covering material, the beam 20 is joined to the wooden column 10 to which the gypsum board 40 is attached, and then the concrete is placed on the deck 31 supported by the beam 20 joined to the wooden column 10 so that a part of the lower end side of the gypsum board 40 is embedded to form the concrete slab 30. Therefore, by having a configuration in which a part of the lower end side of the gypsum board 40 attached to the surface of the wooden column 10 as a fireproof covering material is embedded in the concrete slab 30, the fireproof covering structure 1 of the building structure with enhanced fire resistance can be easily and surely constructed.

[0042] In addition, in the method for fireproof coating of the building body according to the present embodiment, after the concrete slab 30 is formed, the auxiliary gypsum board 41 is attached to the outside of the gypsum board 40 and above the concrete slab 30. Therefore, the fireproof coating structure 1 of the building body with enhanced fire resistance can be easily and surely constructed.

[0043] The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist thereof.

[0044] For example, in the above-described embodiment, the gypsum board 40 is attached to the wooden column 10 in the factory, but the gypsum board 40 may be attached to the wooden column 10 at the construction site.

[0045] Also, in the above-described embodiment, the auxiliary gypsum board 41 is attached to the outside of the gypsum board 40 of the wooden column 10 and above the concrete slab 30, but a configuration in which the auxiliary gypsum board 41 is not attached may also be adopted.

Explanation of Reference Numerals

[0046] 1 Fireproof coating structure of the building body 2 Building 3 Building body 10 Wooden column 11 Deck support 20 Beam 30 Concrete slab 31 Deck 32 Concrete part 40 Gypsum board 41 Auxiliary gypsum board 42 Gypsum board 43 Auxiliary gypsum board 44 Gypsum board 45 Auxiliary gypsum board 46 Gypsum board 47 Auxiliary gypsum board 50 Gap

Claims

1. A method for fireproof coating of a building structure having a wooden column, a beam joined to the wooden column, and a concrete slab supported by the beam, comprising: a step of attaching a gypsum board as a fireproof coating material to the surface of the wooden column; a step of joining the beam to the wooden column to which the gypsum board is attached; a step of placing concrete to form the concrete slab such that a part of the lower end side of the gypsum board is embedded in a deck supported by the beam joined to the wooden column. The method for fireproof coating of a structure is characterized by comprising the above steps.

2. The method for fireproof coating of a structure according to Claim 1, further comprising a step of attaching a secondary gypsum board outside the gypsum board and above the concrete slab after forming the concrete slab.

3. A fireproof coating structure of a building structure having a wooden column, a beam joined to the wooden column, and a concrete slab supported by the beam, comprising: a gypsum board attached as a fireproof coating material to the surface of the wooden column, with a part of the lower end side embedded in the concrete slab. The fireproof coating structure of the structure is characterized by having the above gypsum board.

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