Liquid crystal module and liquid crystal display device

Abstract

To provide a liquid crystal module in which a decrease in brightness is suppressed and a change in color tone between a front direction and an oblique direction is suppressed, and a liquid crystal display device including the liquid crystal module.SOLUTION: A liquid crystal module comprises: a liquid crystal panel having a first substrate having a metal wiring layer including a gate wiring or a source wiring, and a reflectance reduction layer that includes at least one metal layer and at least one insulating layer, and is disposed closer to an observation surface side than the metal wiring layer so as to overlap at least a portion of the metal wiring layer in plan view, a liquid crystal layer and a second substrate in this order from the observation surface side; and an optical member which is disposed on the observation surface side relative to the liquid crystal panel and in which a transmittance in an oblique direction is lower than a transmittance in a front direction in a wavelength region of 550 nm or more and 650 nm or less.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The following disclosure relates to a liquid crystal module and a liquid crystal display device including the liquid crystal module.

Background Art

[0002] In a panel in which a substrate on which a switching element and wiring for driving pixels are formed is disposed on the observation surface side, in order to suppress reflection by the wiring or the like, it has been considered to form a multilayer film on the observation surface side of the wiring or the like (for example, Patent Document 1).

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Patent Document 2

Patent Document 3

Patent Document 4

Patent Document 5

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] According to the inventors' studies, although forming a multilayer film on the observation surface side of the wiring or the like can suppress reflection in the front direction of the panel, the color tone of the panel may be different between the front direction and the diagonal direction.

[0005] The present invention has been made in view of the above situation, and an object thereof is to provide a liquid crystal module in which a change in color tone is suppressed between the front direction and the diagonal direction while suppressing a decrease in luminance, and a liquid crystal display device including the liquid crystal module.

Means for Solving the Problem

[0006] (1) One embodiment of the present invention is a liquid crystal module including a first substrate having a metal wiring layer including a gate wiring or a source wiring, at least one metal layer and at least one insulating layer, and a reflectivity reduction layer disposed on the observation surface side of the metal wiring layer so as to overlap at least a part of the metal wiring layer in plan view, a liquid crystal layer, and a second substrate, which are sequentially arranged from the observation surface side; and an optical member disposed on the observation surface side of the liquid crystal module, having a transmittance in an oblique direction lower than that in a front direction in a wavelength region of 550 nm or more and 650 nm or less.

[0007] (2) Further, an embodiment of the present invention is a liquid crystal module, which, in addition to the configuration of (1) above, has a transmittance in the front direction of 65% or more in a wavelength region of 380 nm to 780 nm.

[0008] (3) Further, an embodiment of the present invention is a liquid crystal module, which, in addition to the configuration of (1) or (2) above, has a transmittance in the oblique direction of 60% or less in a wavelength region of 550 nm to 650 nm.

[0009] (4) Further, an embodiment of the present invention is a liquid crystal module, which, in addition to the configuration of any one of (1) to (3) above, has an absorption peak in a wavelength region of 550 nm or more and 650 nm or less, and at the wavelength having the absorption peak, has a transmittance in the front direction of the optical member of 65% or more, and a transmittance of the optical member at a polar angle of 60° of 40% or more and 50% or less. At the wavelength having the absorption peak, the transmittance in the front direction of the optical member is 65% or more, and the transmittance of the optical member at a polar angle of 60° is 40% or more and 50% or less.

[0010] (5) Further, an embodiment of the present invention is a liquid crystal module, which, in addition to the configuration of any one of (1) to (4) above, has an absolute value of the difference between the transmittance in the oblique direction and at an azimuth angle of 0° and the transmittance in the oblique direction and at an azimuth angle of 45° of 1% or less in a wavelength region of 550 nm or more and 650 nm or less.

[0011] (6) Further, in a certain embodiment of the present invention, in addition to any one of the configurations (1) to (5) above, the liquid crystal module is such that the optical member contains polymerizable liquid crystal molecules exhibiting vertical alignment and a dichroic dye.

[0012] (7) Further, in a certain embodiment of the present invention, in addition to any one of the configurations (1) to (6) above, the liquid crystal module further has a positive A plate on the observation surface side rather than the optical member.

[0013] (8) Further, in a certain embodiment of the present invention, in addition to the configuration (7) above, the liquid crystal module is such that the optical member is a positive C plate in which the transmittance in the diagonal direction is lower than the transmittance in the front direction in a wavelength region of 550 nm or more and 650 nm or less.

[0014] (9) Further, in a certain embodiment of the present invention, in addition to the configuration (7) or (8) above, the liquid crystal module is such that the optical member has an absolute value of the retardation in the thickness direction of 70 nm or more and 120 nm or less.

[0015] (10) Further, in a certain embodiment of the present invention, in addition to any one of the configurations (1) to (9) above, the liquid crystal module is such that the first substrate is a TFT substrate having a plurality of thin film transistors.

[0016] (11) Another embodiment of the present invention further includes a backlight that irradiates light from the second substrate side to the liquid crystal module according to any one of (1) to (10) above.

Advantages of the Invention

[0017] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a liquid crystal module in which a change in color tone is suppressed between the front direction and the diagonal direction while suppressing a decrease in luminance, and a liquid crystal display device including the liquid crystal module.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0018]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

Figure 8

Figure 9

Figure 10

Figure 11

Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0019] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described. The present invention is not limited to the contents described in the following embodiments, and design changes can be appropriately made within the scope that satisfies the configuration of the present invention. In the following description, parts having the same or similar functions are commonly and appropriately denoted by the same reference numerals among different drawings, and repeated descriptions thereof are appropriately omitted. Each aspect of the present invention may be appropriately combined within the scope not departing from the gist of the present invention.

[0020] [Definition of Terms] FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining the polar angle and the azimuth angle. In this specification, the polar angle θ means, as shown in FIG. 1, the angle formed by the target direction (for example, the measurement direction F) and the direction parallel to the normal of the main surface of the liquid crystal module. That is, the direction parallel to the normal (z) of the main surface (xy plane) of the liquid crystal module is the polar angle of 0°. The direction parallel to the normal is also called the normal direction. Further, the azimuth means the direction when the target direction is projected onto the main surface of the liquid crystal module, and is expressed by the angle formed with the reference azimuth (also called the azimuth angle). In this specification, the reference azimuth (azimuth angle of 0°) is set to the horizontal right direction of the screen of the liquid crystal module.

[0021] In this specification, when two axes (directions) are parallel, it means that the angle (absolute value) formed by the two is within the range of 0 ± 3°, preferably within the range of 0 ± 1°, more preferably within the range of 0 ± 0.5°, and particularly preferably 0° (completely parallel). Also, in this specification, when two axes (directions) are orthogonal to each other, it means that the angle (absolute value) formed by the two is within the range of 90 ± 3°, preferably within the range of 90 ± 1°, more preferably within the range of 90 ± 0.5°, and particularly preferably 90° (completely orthogonal). Examples of the above axes include the transmission axis, absorption axis, reflection axis of the polarizing plate, and the slow axes such as the positive C plate and positive A plate.

[0022] In this specification, the observation surface side means the side closer to the observer with respect to the target member in a state where the target member is arranged facing the observer, and is also called the front side. The back side means the side farther from the observer with respect to the target member, and means the side opposite to the front side.

[0023] (Embodiment 1) FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a liquid crystal display device including a liquid crystal module and a backlight according to Embodiment 1. FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of the liquid crystal panel shown in FIG. 2. FIG. 2 corresponds to a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line X1-X2 of FIG. 3. The liquid crystal module according to Embodiment 1 includes a metal wiring layer including a gate wiring or a source wiring, at least one metal layer and at least one insulating layer, and a reflectance reducing layer disposed on the observation surface side of the metal wiring layer so as to overlap at least a part of the metal wiring layer in a plan view. A liquid crystal panel having a liquid crystal layer and a second substrate in this order from the observation surface side, and an optical member disposed on the observation surface side of the liquid crystal panel and having a transmittance in an oblique direction lower than that in a front direction in a wavelength region of 550 nm or more and 650 nm or less. As shown in FIG. 2, the liquid crystal module 100 includes a liquid crystal panel 1 and an optical member 2 disposed on the observation surface side of the liquid crystal panel 1. The optical member 2 may be attached to the first substrate 10 by an adhesive layer 6. As shown in FIG. 7 of Embodiment 2 described later, the optical member 2 may be attached to the first substrate 10 by an adhesive layer 6 without intervening other members, or as shown in FIG. 2 of the present embodiment, the optical member 2 may be attached to the first substrate 10 by an adhesive layer 6 with other members (in this embodiment, a front polarizing plate 5 and a viewing angle compensation layer 7) intervening therebetween.

[0024] (Liquid Crystal Panel) As shown in FIG. 2, the liquid crystal panel 1 has a first substrate 10, a liquid crystal layer 20, and a second substrate 30 in this order from the observation surface side. The first substrate 10 is, for example, a TFT substrate having switching elements such as a plurality of thin film transistors (TFTs). The second substrate 30 is, for example, a color filter (CF) substrate having a color filter. A liquid crystal panel in which the TFT substrate is disposed closer to the observation surface side than the CF substrate is also referred to as a flip panel. As will be described later, in the flip panel, by forming the light shielding member of the CF substrate with a highly reflective metal, light recycling can be achieved and the white luminance can be improved. In addition, terminals for driving electrodes, circuits such as FPCs (Flexible Printed Circuits) are provided on the TFT substrate, and the CF substrate may be made smaller than the TFT substrate. In a liquid crystal panel in which the TFT substrate is disposed on the back side rather than the CF substrate, it is necessary to hide the step between the FPC and the CF substrate with a bezel or the like, and the frame area may become wider. On the other hand, in the flip panel, since the TFT substrate is disposed on the front (observation surface) side and there is no step on the observation surface side, the polarizing plate can be attached to the entire surface of the TFT substrate, and the frame of the product housing can be narrowed, leading to an improvement in design.

[0025] As shown in FIG. 2, the first substrate 10 has a metal wiring layer 12 and a reflectance reduction layer 13 disposed closer to the observation surface side than the metal wiring layer 12.

[0026] As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, as the first substrate 10, on a first support substrate 11, there are a plurality of gate wirings 14 parallel to each other, and a plurality of source wirings 15 intersecting the plurality of gate wirings 14 and parallel to each other. A TFT as a switching element is disposed near the intersection of one gate wiring 14 and one source wiring 15, and a pixel electrode 17 electrically connected to the TFT by a drain wiring 16 is disposed. The TFT includes a semiconductor layer 18. A region surrounded by two adjacent gate wirings 14 and two adjacent source wirings 15 is also referred to as a pixel, and the pixel electrode 17 may be disposed for each pixel.

[0027] Examples of the first support substrate 11 include insulating substrates such as glass substrates or resin films such as polyimide, and it is preferably a transparent substrate.

[0028] The metal wiring layer 12 includes a gate wiring 14 or a source wiring 15. The gate wiring 14 and the source wiring 15 may be formed in different layers, and the metal wiring layer 12 may include a plurality of metal wiring layers arranged in different layers. In addition to the gate wiring 14 and the source wiring 15, the metal wiring layer 12 may include a drain wiring 16 or the like that constitutes a TFT.

[0029] The metal wiring layer 12 is, for example, a single layer or a plurality of layers of a metal such as copper, titanium, aluminum, molybdenum, tungsten, or an alloy thereof. As the materials for the gate wiring 14, the source wiring 15, and the drain wiring 16, the same materials as those of the metal wiring layer 12 can be used. The plurality of metal wiring layers arranged in different layers (for example, the metal wiring layer including the gate wiring 14 and the metal wiring layer including the source wiring 15 and the drain wiring 16) may be formed of different materials from each other.

[0030] The pixel electrode 17 has a linear electrode portion 17a, and an opening (slit) 17b surrounded by the linear electrode portion 17a may be provided. As the material of the pixel electrode 17, a transparent conductive material can be used, and examples thereof include transparent conductive oxides (TCO) such as indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), aluminum zinc oxide (ZnO:Al (AZO)), and IGZO.

[0031] The reflectance reducing layer 13 includes at least one metal layer and at least one insulating layer. Further, the reflectance reducing layer 13 is arranged so as to overlap at least a part of the metal wiring layer 12 in plan view. Laminating a multilayer film including at least one metal layer and at least one insulating layer on the metal wiring layer 12 is also referred to as a blackening process. The metal wiring layer 12 is formed of a metal with a high reflectance such as Al. When the light (external light) incident from the observation surface side is reflected on the surface of the metal wiring layer 12, it may lead to a decrease in display quality such as a decrease in contrast. By disposing the reflectance reducing layer 13 on the observation surface side of the metal wiring layer 12, the light reflected at the interfaces of the respective layers of the multilayer film constituting the reflectance reducing layer 13 interfere with each other and cancel each other out, and the reflectance of the surface on the observation surface side of the metal wiring layer 12 can be reduced.

[0032] On the other hand, the inventors of the present invention focused on the fact that when the reflectance reducing layer 13 is laminated on the metal wiring layer 12, coloration is prominent when viewed from an oblique direction, and the appearance deteriorates. According to the study by the inventors of the present invention, when the reflectance reducing layer 13 is viewed from an oblique direction, the apparent film thickness becomes thicker than when viewed from the front direction. Therefore, the interference conditions of each layer change between the front reflection and the oblique direction, and the reflection in the oblique direction is such that the wavelength at which the reflectance is reduced is shifted to the short wavelength side compared to the front reflection, resulting in an increase in the reflectance (Y value) or a change in the color tone of the reflected light. Therefore, in the present embodiment, by disposing an optical member described later on the observation surface side of the liquid crystal panel, while suppressing the reflection of the metal wiring layer 12, a change in color tone when viewed from an oblique direction is suppressed.

[0033] FIG. 4 is a plan schematic view of the reflectivity reducing layer shown in FIG. 2. The reflectivity reducing layer 13 may overlap with any one of the gate wiring 14, the source wiring 15, and the drain wiring 16 (see FIG. 3) in a plan view, but it is preferably overlapped with the gate wiring 14 and the source wiring 15, and more preferably overlaps with the gate wiring 14, the source wiring 15, and the drain wiring 16 as shown in FIG. 4. Note that the reflectivity reducing layer 13 does not necessarily have to overlap with the entire gate wiring 14, the source wiring 15, and the drain wiring 16. Further, the reflectivity reducing layer 13 is preferably not disposed in the transmission portion (the region where the color filter is disposed) of each pixel.

[0034] As the at least one metal layer, it is preferably composed of at least one metal selected from the group consisting of titanium (Ti), copper (Cu), molybdenum (Mo), tungsten (W), and tantalum (Ta), an oxide containing the at least one metal, and a nitride containing the at least one metal.

[0035] As the at least one insulating layer, an inorganic insulating film can be used. As the inorganic insulating film, for example, an inorganic film such as a silicon oxide film, a silicon nitride film, a silicon oxynitride film, or a silicon nitride oxide film, or a laminated film thereof can be used.

[0036] The reflectivity reducing layer 13 may include a first metal layer, a first insulating layer, and a second metal layer in this order from the observation surface side. It is preferable that the second metal layer is thicker than the first metal layer. The thickness of the first metal layer is preferably 5 nm or more and 20 nm or less, and more preferably 5 nm or more and 15 nm or less. The thickness of the first insulating layer is preferably 30 nm or more and 150 nm or less, and more preferably 70 nm or more and 130 nm or less. The thickness of the second metal layer is preferably 50 nm or more and 150 nm or less, and more preferably 80 nm or more and 120 nm or less.

[0037] The reflectivity reducing layer 13 may further include a second insulating layer on the side opposite to the first insulating layer of the second metal layer. The thickness of the second insulating layer is preferably 100 nm or more and 900 nm or less, and more preferably 300 nm or more and 700 nm or less.

[0038] An insulating layer may be disposed between the metal wiring layer 12 and the reflectivity reducing layer 13. As the insulating layer, the above-mentioned inorganic insulating film can be used.

[0039] The liquid crystal layer 20 contains liquid crystal molecules. The liquid crystal molecules may have a positive value or a negative value for the dielectric anisotropy (Δε) defined by the following formula (L). Δε = (dielectric constant in the major axis direction) - (dielectric constant in the minor axis direction) (L)

[0040] Examples of the liquid crystal panel include liquid crystal panels such as VA (Vertical Alignment) mode, FFS (Fringe Field Switching) mode, IPS (In-Plane-Switching) mode, and TN (Twisted Nematic).

[0041] In the above VA mode, a counter electrode may be disposed on the CF substrate side, and when no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer, the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer may be aligned substantially perpendicular to the substrate surface. In the above FFS and IPS modes, a counter electrode may be disposed on the TFT substrate side, and when no voltage is applied, the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer may be aligned substantially horizontally with respect to the substrate surface. In the above TN mode, a counter electrode may be disposed on the CF substrate side, and the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer may be spirally aligned so as to be twisted from the TFT substrate toward the CF substrate by a rubbing process or the like. The alignment of the liquid crystal molecules changes according to the electric field generated in the liquid crystal layer by the voltage applied between the pixel electrode and the counter electrode, thereby controlling the amount of light transmitted. Liquid crystal panels in horizontal alignment modes such as FFS and IPS modes are preferably used because they have a wide viewing angle in the oblique direction.

[0042] The above counter electrode may be arranged for each pixel or may be arranged across a plurality of pixels. A common potential is applied to the counter electrode. As the material of the counter electrode, the same material as that of the pixel electrode can be used.

[0043] An alignment film (not shown) may be provided between the first substrate 10 and the liquid crystal layer 20, and between the second substrate 30 and the liquid crystal layer 20, respectively. The alignment film is a layer that has undergone an alignment process for controlling the alignment of liquid crystal molecules. Examples of the material of the alignment film include polymers having a main chain such as polyimide, polyamic acid, and polysiloxane, and a photo-alignment film material having a photoreactive site (functional group) in the main chain or side chain is preferably used.

[0044] As the second substrate 30, for example, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a configuration having a color filter layer 32 including a plurality of color filters and a light-shielding member 33 that separates the plurality of color filters on a second support substrate 31 can be mentioned. As the second support substrate 31, the same one as the first support substrate 11 can be used.

[0045] The color filter layer 32 preferably includes a red color filter 32R, a green color filter 32G, and a blue color filter 32B. In plan view, a pixel overlapping with the red color filter 32R is called a red pixel, a pixel overlapping with the green color filter 32G is called a green pixel, and a pixel overlapping with the blue color filter 32B is also called a blue pixel.

[0046] The light-shielding member 33 is a member corresponding to the black matrix of a general liquid crystal panel, and may be arranged in a grid pattern so as to overlap the gate wiring and the source wiring in plan view, or may be arranged in a stripe pattern so as to overlap either the gate wiring or the source wiring.

[0047] The light-shielding member 33 is preferably manufactured by patterning a metal film, and more preferably composed of a highly reflective metal such as aluminum (Al), silver (Ag), platinum (Pt), and alloys containing these metals. In a normal liquid crystal panel, a black matrix is formed of a black resin or the like. However, by forming the light-shielding member 33 of a metal film, when a backlight is disposed on the back side of the liquid crystal module, among the light emitted from the backlight to the liquid crystal module (backlight light), the light irradiated to each color filter is transmitted to the observation surface side, and the light irradiated to the light-shielding member 33 is reflected by the light-shielding member 33 and returns to the backlight side. The light that has returned to the backlight side is reflected inside the backlight system, emitted again to the liquid crystal module side, and recycled. As a result, the utilization efficiency of the backlight light is increased, and the white luminance of the liquid crystal display device is improved.

[0048] As shown in FIG. 2, the liquid crystal module 100 may have a rear polarizing plate 4 on the back side of the liquid crystal panel 1 and a front polarizing plate 5 on the observation surface side of the liquid crystal panel 1. The rear polarizing plate 4 and the front polarizing plate 5 may be attached to the liquid crystal panel 1 by an adhesive layer 6, respectively. As the adhesive layer 6, those commonly used in the field of liquid crystal display devices can be used.

[0049] The bottom polarizing plate 4 and the top polarizing plate 5 are, for example, linear polarizing plates, which are polarizing elements having a function of extracting polarized light (linear polarized light) that vibrates only in a specific direction from unpolarized light (natural light), partially polarized light, or polarized light. It is more preferable that the bottom polarizing plate 4 and the top polarizing plate 5 are absorption-type linear polarizing plates. The absorption-type polarizing plate has an absorption axis that absorbs light vibrating in a specific direction and a transmission axis that transmits polarized light (linear polarized light) vibrating in a direction orthogonal to the specific direction. The bottom polarizing plate 4 and the top polarizing plate 5 are preferably arranged in a cross Nicol configuration such that their absorption axes are orthogonal to each other. Further, for the bottom polarizing plate 4, in order to improve the brightness, it is preferable that a reflective polarizing plate is arranged on the backlight side of the absorption-type polarizing plate. The reflective polarizing plate has a reflection axis that reflects light vibrating in a specific direction and a transmission axis that transmits polarized light (linear polarized light) vibrating in a direction orthogonal to the specific direction. When the reflective polarizing plate is arranged on the backlight side of the absorption-type polarizing plate, it is preferable that the reflection axis of the reflective polarizing plate is laminated so as to be parallel to the absorption axis of the bottom polarizing plate 4.

[0050] Examples of the absorption-type polarizing plate include those having a polarizing layer in which an anisotropic material such as an iodine complex having dichroism is adsorbed and oriented on a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film. At least one of the observation surface side and the back surface side of the polarizing layer may have a protective film such as a triacetyl cellulose (TAC) film.

[0051] Examples of the reflective polarizing plate include a reflective polarizing plate obtained by uniaxially stretching a coextruded film made of a plurality of types of resins (for example, APCF manufactured by Nitto Denko Corporation, DBEF manufactured by 3M Company, etc.), a reflective polarizing plate in which fine metal wires are periodically arranged (so-called wire grid polarizer), and the like.

[0052] The liquid crystal module 100 may have a viewing angle compensation layer 7 between the liquid crystal panel 1 and the top polarizing plate 5. The viewing angle compensation layer 7 may be disposed either between the liquid crystal panel 1 and the front polarizing plate 5 or between the liquid crystal panel 1 and the rear polarizing plate 4. However, considering the ease of light recycling by light scattering such as films and adhesive layers, it is preferable that the viewing angle compensation layer 7 be disposed between the liquid crystal panel 1 and the front polarizing plate 5. When the viewing angle compensation layer 7 is disposed between the liquid crystal panel 1 and the rear polarizing plate 4, the light emitted from the backlight passes through the rear polarizing plate 4, is reflected by the members constituting the liquid crystal panel, etc., and passes through the rear polarizing plate 4 again. If there are many stacked layers such as the viewing angle compensation layer between the liquid crystal panel and the rear polarizing plate 4, scattering occurs between layers and inside the layers, and the polarization state of the light is disturbed, resulting in absorption by the absorption axis of the rear polarizing plate 4, and the light recycling efficiency may decrease.

[0053] The viewing angle compensation layer 7 is a retardation film or the like for optical compensation disposed to expand the viewing angle of the liquid crystal panel. The viewing angle compensation layer 7 may use a liquid crystalline polymer, and a commercially available film subjected to secondary processing such as stretching treatment and / or shrinking treatment can be used. Examples of the polymer film made of a commercially available cellulose-based resin include the product name "Fujitac" manufactured by Fujifilm Corporation, the product name "KC8UX2M" manufactured by Konica Minolta Opto Co., Ltd., and the like. Examples of the polymer film made of a norbornene-based resin include the product name "Zeonoa Film" manufactured by Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd., the product name "ARTON" manufactured by JSR Corporation, and the like.

[0054] As shown in FIG. 2, the optical member 2 is disposed on the observation surface side of the liquid crystal panel 1. Further, the optical member 2 has a lower transmittance in the oblique direction than in the front direction in the wavelength range of 550 nm or more and 650 nm or less. By disposing the optical member 2 on the observation surface side of the liquid crystal panel 1, it is possible to suppress the reflection of the metal wiring layer 12 and suppress the change in color tone (color correction) when viewed from an oblique direction. It can also be said that the optical member 2 is a color correction layer that makes the color tone when viewed from an oblique direction closer to the color tone when viewed from the front direction.

[0055] In this specification, the transmittance refers to the transmittance of light that passes through the target member from the back side to the front side. The transmittance in the front direction refers to the transmittance measured in the direction parallel to the normal of the main surface of the target member (polar angle 0°). The transmittance in the oblique direction refers to the transmittance at a polar angle of 60° with respect to the normal of the main surface of the target member when the polar angle is not explicitly indicated. Unless otherwise specified, the transmittance in the above oblique direction refers to the transmittance at azimuth angle 0°. The optical member 2 preferably has a transmittance at polar angles of 30° and 45° lower than the transmittance in the front direction in the wavelength range of 550 nm or more and 650 nm or less.

[0056] The above transmittance is the Y value obtained by measuring the spectral transmittance in the visible wavelength range (wavelength 380 nm to 780 nm) and performing visual sensitivity correction using a 2-degree field of view (D65 light source) specified in JIS Z8781-3. As a measuring device, for example, an ultraviolet-visible-near-infrared spectrophotometer "V-7100" manufactured by JASCO Corporation can be used.

[0057] According to the study by the present inventors, the reflectance in the oblique direction (for example, polar angle 60°) on the observer side of the liquid crystal panel 1 having the reflectance reduction layer 13 is higher on the high wavelength side (for example, 500 nm or more) than the reflectance in the front direction (polar angle 5°), and may appear yellowish or reddish. Therefore, by making the transmittance in the oblique direction lower than the transmittance in the front direction in the wavelength range of 550 nm or more, the change in color tone in the oblique direction can be effectively suppressed. On the other hand, since the human eye can hardly recognize light with a wavelength of 700 nm or more, and reducing the reflectance of light with a wavelength of 700 nm or more has almost no effect on the color tone of the reflected light, the optical member 2 only needs to have a transmittance in the oblique direction lower than the transmittance in the front direction in the wavelength range of 650 nm or less.

[0058] Furthermore, according to the study by the present inventors, if the optical member 2 reduces the transmittance in the wavelength region where the transmittance of the liquid crystal panel 1 is high, the influence on the display such as a decrease in the luminance of the liquid crystal panel becomes significant. Therefore, it is desirable that in the wavelength region where the transmittance of the liquid crystal panel 1 is low (the wavelength region that hardly affects the display), the transmittance of the optical member 2 in the oblique direction is lower than the transmittance of the optical member 2 in the front direction. FIG. 5 is a graph showing an example of the transmittance spectrum in the front direction during white display of a liquid crystal display device without an optical member. The transmittance in FIG. 5 is the transmittance when a liquid crystal module having no optical member 2 and the adhesive layer 6 is used for the liquid crystal module shown in FIG. 2, a backlight 200 is disposed on the back side (the second substrate 30 side) of the liquid crystal module, and all of the red pixels, green pixels, and blue pixels are lit for white display. As shown in FIG. 5, it can be seen that in the liquid crystal module without the optical member 2, the transmittance is low at around wavelengths of 550 nm to 650 nm. Therefore, by disposing the optical member 2, whose transmittance in the oblique direction is lower than the transmittance in the front direction, on the observation surface side of the liquid crystal panel 1 in the wavelength region of 550 nm or more and 650 nm or less, it is possible to suppress the reflection at the metal wiring layer 12 and suppress the change in color tone in the oblique direction while suppressing the influence on the display.

[0059] In the wavelength region of 550 nm to 650 nm, the transmittance of the optical member 2 in the oblique direction is preferably 60% or less. By adopting such a mode, the change in color tone viewed from the oblique direction can be effectively suppressed. In the wavelength region of 550 nm to 650 nm, the transmittance of the optical member 2 at a polar angle of 60° is preferably 60% or less, and more preferably the transmittance is 60% or less at a polar angle of 30° and a polar angle of 45°.

[0060] The optical member 2 preferably has an absorption peak in the wavelength region of 550 nm or more and 650 nm or less, and at the wavelength having the absorption peak, the transmittance of the optical member 2 in the front direction is 65% or more, and the transmittance of the optical member 2 at a polar angle of 60° is 40% or more and 50% or less. By adopting such an embodiment, it is possible to effectively suppress a change in color when viewed from an oblique direction while suppressing a decrease in front luminance.

[0061] It is preferable that the optical member 2 has no change in color depending on the azimuth angle when viewed from an oblique direction, i.e., has equivalent spectral characteristics at all azimuth angles. For example, it is preferable that the optical member 2 has an absolute difference of 1% or less between the transmittance at an oblique direction and an azimuth angle of 0° and the transmittance at the oblique direction and an azimuth angle of 45° in the wavelength range of 550 nm to 650 nm. It is sufficient that the optical member 2 has an absolute difference of 1% or less between the transmittance at a polar angle of 60° and an azimuth angle of 0° and the transmittance at a polar angle of 60° and an azimuth angle of 45° at any one point (e.g., 613 nm) in the wavelength range of 550 nm to 650 nm. However, it is more preferable that the absolute difference of 1% or less between the transmittance at a polar angle of 60° and an azimuth angle of 0° and the transmittance at a polar angle of 60° and an azimuth angle of 45° in the entire wavelength range of 550 nm to 650 nm.

[0062] Furthermore, in the wavelength range of 550 nm or more and 650 nm or less, when viewed from an oblique direction, it is preferable that the spectral characteristics are equivalent at azimuth angles of 0°, 45°, 90°, 135°, 180°, 225°, 270°, and 315°. For example, at any one point (e.g., 613 nm) in the wavelength range of 550 nm or more and 650 nm or less, it is sufficient that the difference between the maximum and minimum values of transmittance at a polar angle of 60° and azimuth angles of 0°, 45°, 90°, 135°, 180°, 225°, 270°, and 315° is 1% or less. However, it is more preferable that the difference between the maximum and minimum values of transmittance at a polar angle of 60° and each of the above polar angles is 1% or less throughout the entire wavelength range of 550 nm or more and 650 nm or less.

[0063] Note that, although the above diagonal direction was exemplified for the case where the polar angle is 60°, in the wavelength range of 550 nm or more and 650 nm or less, even when the polar angle is 30° or the polar angle is 45°, there is no change in color tone depending on the azimuth angle, that is, it is preferable that the spectral characteristics are equivalent at any azimuth angle, similar to the case where the polar angle is 60°.

[0064] In the wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm, the optical member 2 preferably has a transmittance in the above front direction of 65% or more. By adopting such an aspect, it is possible to suppress the change in color tone in the diagonal direction without reducing the luminance in the front direction in the visible light region.

[0065] The optical member 2 preferably contains a polymerizable liquid crystal molecule exhibiting vertical alignment and a dichroic dye. The optical member 2 can be obtained, for example, by coating a composition containing a polymerizable liquid crystal molecule exhibiting vertical alignment and a dichroic dye on the surface of the transparent substrate 3 and irradiating it with light such as ultraviolet light to cure it. FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the optical member included in the liquid crystal module shown in FIG. 2. As shown in FIG. 6, in the optical member 2, a polymerizable liquid crystal molecule 2a oriented perpendicular to the plane parallel to the surface on the observation surface side of the liquid crystal panel 1 and a dichroic dye 2b arranged such that its major axis direction is substantially parallel to the major axis direction of the polymerizable liquid crystal molecule 2a are arranged along the above parallel plane. Since the absorbance of the dichroic dye 2b is different between the front direction and the diagonal direction, the amount of light absorbed by the dichroic dye 2b is larger for the light L2-1 irradiated on the optical member 2 from the diagonal direction than for the light L1-1 irradiated on the optical member 2 from the normal direction, and the amount of light transmitted through the optical member 2 in the diagonal direction, L2-2, is less than the amount of light transmitted through the optical member 2 in the normal direction, L1-2.

[0066] To exhibit vertical alignment means that the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules is 86° to 90° with respect to the plane parallel to the surface on the observation surface side of the liquid crystal panel 1, preferably 87° to 89°, more preferably 87.5° to 89°. The above-mentioned polymerizable liquid crystal molecule is a compound having a polymerizable group and having liquid crystallinity. The liquid crystallinity may be thermotropic liquid crystal or lyotropic liquid crystal. When classifying thermotropic liquid crystal by the degree of order, it may be nematic liquid crystal or smectic liquid crystal, but from the viewpoint of ease of film formation, thermotropic nematic liquid crystal is preferred.

[0067] The above-mentioned polymerizable group means a group involved in the polymerization reaction, and is preferably a photopolymerizable group. Here, the photopolymerizable group refers to a group that can participate in the polymerization reaction by active radicals, acids, etc. generated from a photopolymerization initiator. Examples of the polymerizable group include a vinyl group, a vinyloxy group, a 1-chlorovinyl group, an isopropenyl group, a 4-vinylphenyl group, an acryloyloxy group, a methacryloyloxy group, an oxiranyl group, an oxetanyl group, etc. Among them, an acryloyloxy group, a methacryloyloxy group, a vinyloxy group, an oxiranyl group and an oxetanyl group are preferred, and an acryloyloxy group is more preferred.

[0068] Specific examples of the above-mentioned polymerizable liquid crystal molecules include compounds having a polymerizable group among the compounds described in "3.8.6 Network (fully crosslinked type)" and "6.5.1 Liquid crystal materials b. Polymerizable nematic liquid crystal materials" in the Liquid Crystal Handbook (edited by the Liquid Crystal Handbook Editorial Committee, published by Maruzen Co., Ltd. on October 30, 2000), and the polymerizable liquid crystal molecules described in JP-A-2010-31223 (Patent Document 2), JP-A-2010-270108 (Patent Document 3), JP-A-2011-6360 (Patent Document 4) and JP-A-2011-207765 (Patent Document 5).

[0069] Examples of the dichroic pigment include iodine and dichroic substances such as dichroic dyes. Examples of the dichroic pigment include acridine pigments, oxazine pigments, cyanine pigments, naphthalene pigments, azo pigments, and anthraquinone pigments. Specifically, dichroic pigments such as "G-472" manufactured by Hayashibara Co., Ltd. can be used. These dichroic substances may be used alone or in combination of two or more. The dichroic pigment preferably has an absorption peak in a wavelength region of 550 nm or more and 650 nm or less.

[0070] The optical member 2 may be formed on the base material 3. Examples of the base material 3 include resin base materials such as a triacetyl cellulose (TAC) film, an acrylic film, a polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and a polymer film made of a norbornene-based resin. The base material 3 preferably has transparency such that it does not affect the transmittance of the optical member 2.

[0071] The absorption band, absorption peak, transmittance, etc. of the optical member 2 can be adjusted by the thickness of the optical member 2, the types, concentrations, etc. of the polymerizable liquid crystal molecules and / or dichroic pigments contained in the optical member 2.

[0072] The liquid crystal module according to Embodiment 1 may further include a hard coat layer 8. The hard coat layer 8 is a layer that protects the surface of the liquid crystal module and preferably has scratch resistance. Examples thereof include transparent resins such as acrylic resins and urethane resins.

[0073] (Liquid Crystal Display Device) A liquid crystal display device further including a backlight 200 that irradiates light from the second substrate 30 side with respect to the liquid crystal module according to Embodiment 1 is also one of the preferred forms of the present embodiment.

[0074] The backlight 200 is not particularly limited as long as it irradiates light to the liquid crystal module 100, and any type such as a direct-lit type, an edge type, or other types may be used. The backlight 200 includes a light source, and examples of the light source include a cold cathode fluorescent lamp (CCFL), a light emitting diode (LED), and the like.

[0075] (Embodiment 2) FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a liquid crystal display device including the liquid crystal module and the backlight according to Embodiment 2. The schematic plan view of the liquid crystal module according to Embodiment 2 is the same as FIG. 3, and FIG. 7 corresponds to the schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line X1-X2 of FIG. 3. In Embodiment 1, the case where the optical member 2 is disposed on the observation surface side of the front polarizing plate 5 was exemplified. However, in Embodiment 2, as shown in FIG. 7, the optical member 2 may be disposed between the liquid crystal panel 1 and the front polarizing plate 5 (inside the front polarizing plate 5).

[0076] It is preferable to further have a positive A plate 9 on the observation surface side of the optical member 2. The positive A plate 9 may be disposed between the optical member 2 and the front polarizing plate 5. The positive A plate 9 may be attached to the optical member 2 and the front polarizing plate 5, respectively, by an adhesive layer 6. Since the configurations other than the positive A plate 9 can be the same as those in Embodiment 1, the description thereof is omitted.

[0077] The positive A plate 9 satisfies the following formula (1). In the following formula (1), nx represents the refractive index of the slow axis in the plane of the positive A plate, ny represents the refractive index in the direction orthogonal to the slow axis in the plane, and nz represents the refractive index in the thickness direction of the positive A plate. The case where ny and nz are not only completely the same but also substantially the same is included. The above substantially the same means, for example, that the difference between ny and nz is 0.05 or less. In this specification, the refractive indices (nx, ny, nz) related to the retardation in the plane direction, the retardation in the thickness direction, the Nz coefficient, etc. are values measured at a wavelength of 550 nm.

[0078] [Number]

[0079] The positive A plate 9 preferably has an in-plane retardation Re of the retardation layer represented by the following formula (2) of 100 nm or more and 160 nm or less, more preferably 110 nm or more and 145 nm or less. In the following formula (2), nx represents the refractive index of the slow axis in the plane of the positive A plate, ny represents the refractive index in the direction orthogonal to the slow axis in the plane, and d represents the thickness of the positive A plate.

[0080]

Number

[0081] The positive A plate 9 preferably has an Nz coefficient (biaxial parameter) represented by the following formula (3) of 0.95 to 1.3, more preferably 1.0 to 1.2.

[0082]

Number

[0083] The optical member 2 is preferably a positive C plate in which the transmittance in the oblique direction is lower than the transmittance in the front direction in the wavelength range of 550 nm or more and 650 nm or less. The positive C plate satisfies the following formula (4). In the following formula (4), nx represents the refractive index of the slow axis in the plane of the positive C plate, ny represents the refractive index in the direction orthogonal to the slow axis in the plane, and nz represents the refractive index in the thickness direction of the positive C plate. nx and ny include not only the case where they are exactly the same but also the case where they are substantially the same. The above substantially the same means, for example, that the difference between nx and ny is 0.05 or less.

[0084]

Number

[0085] The optical member 2 preferably has a negative retardation Rth in the thickness direction represented by the following formula (5), and the absolute value of the retardation in the thickness direction is 70 nm or more and 120 nm or less. In Embodiment 1, the refractive index in the thickness direction of the optical member 2 is not particularly limited, but the optical member 2 of Embodiment 2 can also be applied to Embodiment 1. In the following formula (5), nx represents the refractive index of the slow axis in the plane of the optical member 2, ny represents the refractive index in the direction orthogonal to the slow axis in the plane, nz represents the refractive index in the thickness direction of the optical member 2, and d represents the thickness of the optical member 2. The optical member 2 preferably has an absolute value of the retardation Rth in the thickness direction of 80 nm or more and 110 nm or less.

[0086]

Equation

[0087] By overlapping the positive A plate 9 and the optical member 2 having the characteristics of a positive C plate, in the wavelength range of 550 nm or more and 650 nm or less, the transmittance in the oblique direction is lower than the transmittance in the front direction, a viewing angle compensation configuration can be obtained. Thereby, the black luminance in the directions where the polar angles are large in the directions of azimuth angles of 45°, 135°, 225°, and 315° can be lowered. Further, when there is no viewing angle compensation film, the light that was emitted in the front direction due to scattering inside the liquid crystal panel during black display can also be lowered, so that the black luminance in the front direction can also be lowered.

[0088] The positive A plate 9 is preferably arranged such that the slow axis of the positive A plate 9 and the absorption axis of the front polarizing plate 5 are orthogonal to each other.

[0089] Also in Embodiment 2, similar to Embodiment 1, while suppressing a decrease in luminance, a change in color tone between the front direction and the oblique direction can be suppressed.

[0090] A liquid crystal display device further including a backlight 200 that irradiates light from the side of the second substrate 30 with respect to the liquid crystal module according to Embodiment 2 is also one of the preferred forms of the present embodiment. As the backlight 200, the same one as in Embodiment 1 can be used.

Examples

[0091] The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to examples and comparative examples, but the present invention is not limited to only these examples.

[0092] (Comparative Example 1) FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device including a liquid crystal module and a backlight according to Comparative Example 1. A transparent substrate is used as the first support substrate 11. On the first support substrate 11, in order from the side of the first support substrate 11, a titanium (Ti) film with a thickness of 10 nm, a silicon dioxide (SiO2) film with a thickness of 100 nm, a Ti film with a thickness of 100 nm, and a silicon nitride (SiNx) film with a thickness of 500 nm are laminated and patterned by dry etching to form a reflectance reducing layer 13. The reflectance reducing layer 13 is patterned so as to overlap with the gate wiring, source wiring, and drain wiring to be formed later in a plan view (see FIG. 4). Thereafter, an insulating layer is provided on the reflectance reducing layer 13, and a gate wiring 14, a gate insulating layer, a semiconductor layer 18, a source wiring 15, and a drain wiring 16 are formed to fabricate a TFT substrate (first substrate) 10 having a TFT (see FIG. 3).

[0093] A transparent substrate is used as the second support substrate 31. A color filter (CF) substrate (second substrate 30) having a color filter layer 32 including red, green, and blue color filters 32R, 32G, 32B and a high-reflection metal film 33 that separates each color filter in a plan view is fabricated on the second support substrate 31. The high-reflection metal film 33 is fabricated by patterning a high-reflection metal film such as aluminum (Al) or silver (Ag) (see FIG. 3).

[0094] The TFT substrate 10 and the CF substrate 30 with liquid crystal material dropped thereon were bonded together to fabricate a liquid crystal panel 1 having the TFT substrate 10, the liquid crystal layer 20, and the CF substrate 30. The TFT substrate 10 side of the liquid crystal panel 1 was defined as the front surface (observation surface side), and the CF substrate 30 side was defined as the back surface (rear surface side). The back polarizing plate 4 was bonded to the back surface side of the liquid crystal panel 1 via the adhesive layer 6 such that the azimuth angle of the absorption axis of the back polarizing plate 4 was 90°. A viewing angle compensation layer 7 was formed on the surface of the front polarizing plate 5, and the viewing angle compensation layer 7 was bonded to the front surface side of the liquid crystal panel 1 via the adhesive layer 6 such that the azimuth angle of the absorption axis of the front polarizing plate 5 was 0°, thereby fabricating the liquid crystal module of Comparative Example 1. Absorptive linear polarizing plates were used as the front polarizing plate 5 and the back polarizing plate 4. A backlight was disposed on the back side (second substrate 30 side) of the liquid crystal module to fabricate a liquid crystal display device.

[0095] (Example 1) Example 1 is a specific example of the liquid crystal module of Embodiment 1 and has the configuration shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 and FIG. 6. Further, Example 1 has the same configuration as the liquid crystal module of Comparative Example 1 except that it has a color complementary film.

[0096] A TAC film having a hard coat layer 8 on one surface was used as the base material 3, and a composition containing polymerizable liquid crystal molecules showing vertical alignment and a dichroic dye (dichroic dye "G-472" manufactured by Hayashibara Co., Ltd.) was coated on the surface opposite to the surface on which the hard coat layer 8 of the base material 3 was formed by a bar coater and cured by irradiating ultraviolet rays to form an optical member 2 as shown in FIG. 6, thereby fabricating a color complementary film in which the optical member 2 (color correction layer) was laminated on the base material 3.

[0097] The color complementary film was attached via the adhesive layer 6 to the surface of the front polarizing plate 5 of the liquid crystal module fabricated in Comparative Example 1 on the side opposite to the liquid crystal layer 20 such that the optical member 2 of the obtained color complementary film faced the front polarizing plate 5 side, thereby fabricating the liquid crystal module of Example 1. A backlight was disposed on the back side (second substrate 30 side) of the liquid crystal module to fabricate a liquid crystal display device. The optical member 2 had the characteristics of a positive C-plate, and the retardation Rth in the thickness direction was -90 nm.

[0098] (Example 2) Example 2 is a specific example of the liquid crystal module of Embodiment 2 and has the configuration shown in FIGS. 3, 4, 6, and 7. In Example 2, the optical member 2 was disposed inside the front polarizing plate 5, and the positive A plate 9 was disposed between the front polarizing plate 5 and the optical member 2. The front polarizing plate 5, the positive A plate 9, and the optical member 2 were bonded to each other via the adhesive layer 6. As the optical member 2, one having the characteristics of a positive C plate and a retardation Rth in the thickness direction of -90 nm was used. As the positive A plate, one having a retardation Re in the in-plane direction of 140 nm and an Nz coefficient of 1.0 was used.

[0099] The optical axes of the front polarizing plate 5, the rear polarizing plate 4, and the positive A plate 9 were arranged as follows. · Front polarizing plate 5: Absorbing axis = azimuth angle 0° · Positive A plate 9: Retardation axis = azimuth angle 90° · Rear polarizing plate 4: Absorbing axis = azimuth angle 90°

[0100] <Examination of the polar angle dependence of the transmittance of the liquid crystal panel> The reflectance on the observation surface side of the liquid crystal module of Comparative Example 1 was measured. FIG. 9 is a graph showing the reflectance of the liquid crystal module of Comparative Example 1 at a polar angle of 5° and an azimuth angle of 0°. FIG. 10 is a graph showing the reflectance of the liquid crystal module of Comparative Example 1 at a polar angle of 60° and an azimuth angle of 0°. The reflectance in the front direction refers to the value measured at a polar angle of 5° with respect to the normal of the main surface of the member to be reflected. The above reflectance is a value excluding surface reflection. Note that the reflectances shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 do not include the reflectance at a polar angle of 0°. The reflectance in the front direction is also referred to as the normal reflectance and is a value measured by a method conforming to JIS Z 8722:2009. As the measuring device, an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer "V-560" manufactured by JASCO Corporation can be used.

[0101] From the comparison between FIGS. 9 and 10, when the liquid crystal module of Comparative Example 1 was observed from an oblique direction (polar angle 60°), it was confirmed that the reflectance on the high-wavelength side was higher and the color tone changed compared to the case of observing from a polar angle of 5°. A liquid crystal panel having such wavelength characteristics is strongly perceived as reddish by an observer observing the liquid crystal panel from the observation surface side.

[0102] <Examination of the Polar Angle Dependence of the Transmittance of Optical Member 2> FIG. 11 is a graph showing the transmittance spectra obtained by changing the polar angle at an azimuth angle of 0° for the optical member 2 used in Example 1 and Example 2. The measurement of the transmittance spectrum was performed by measuring the transmittance of only the optical member 2 (color correction layer) without including a base material such as a TAC film. For the optical member 2 used in Example 1 and Example 2, at an azimuth angle of 0°, the polar angle was changed to 0°, 30°, 45°, and 60°, and the transmittance at wavelengths from 380 nm to 780 nm was measured respectively. The above transmittance was the Y value obtained by measuring the spectral transmittance in the visible wavelength range (wavelengths from 380 nm to 780 nm) and performing visual sensitivity correction using a 2-degree field of view (D65 light source) defined in JIS Z8781-3. The measurement of the transmittance was performed using an ultraviolet-visible-near-infrared spectrophotometer "V-7100" manufactured by JASCO Corporation. As shown in FIG. 11, when comparing the transmittance near 610 nm, the transmittance decreased as the polar angle increased with respect to the transmittance at the front (polar angle 0°).

[0103] <Examination of the Azimuth Angle Dependence of the Transmittance of Optical Member 2> For the optical member 2 fabricated in Example 1 and Example 2, the polar angle (θ) was fixed at 30°, 45°, or 60°, and the transmittance at each polar angle was measured at azimuth angles (φ) of 0°, 45°, 90°, 135°, 180°, 225°, 270°, and 315°, and the results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0104]

Table 1

[0105] From the results in Table 1, the difference between the maximum and minimum transmittance values when the azimuth angle (φ) was changed in increments of 45° at polar angles (θ) of 30°, 45°, and 60° was 1% or less. This confirmed that the spectral characteristics of the obtained optical member 2 were equivalent at all azimuth angles, and that there was no change in color depending on the azimuth angle.

[0106] <Study on polar angle dependence of color of optical element 2> For the color correction layers prepared in Examples 1 and 2, the polar angle (θ) was fixed at 30°, 45°, or 60°, and the x and y values in the xy chromaticity diagram were calculated at each polar angle when the azimuthal angle (φ) was 0° and 45°. The results are shown in Table 2 below.

[0107] [Table 2]

[0108] From the results in Table 2, it was confirmed that the color of the optical member 2 changes depending on the polar angle, but the color does not change even when the azimuthal angle is changed.

[0109] <Examination of reflectance and color of LCD module> The reflectance and color of the liquid crystal modules of Comparative Example 1, Example 1, and Example 2 were measured at an azimuth angle of 0°, and at polar angles of 5° and 60°, and the results are shown in Table 3 below. The reflectance and color are values excluding surface reflection, and were measured using a spectrophotometer "V-560" manufactured by JASCO Corporation. The color was measured using the x value and y value on the xy chromaticity diagram.

[0110] [Table 3]

[0111] From the results in Table 3, in Comparative Example 1, it was found that the chromaticity of the reflected light in the diagonal direction (polar angle θ = 60°) shifted toward the yellow side with respect to the chromaticity of the reflected light in the front direction (polar angle θ = 5°). This can also be understood from the comparison between FIGS. 9 and 10 above, where the reflectance is higher on the high wavelength side. On the other hand, in Example 1 and Example 2, compared with Comparative Example 1, the change in chromaticity in the diagonal direction with respect to the chromaticity in the front direction was suppressed, and a color correction effect was confirmed.

Explanation of Signs

[0112] 1: Liquid crystal panel 2: Optical member 2a: Polymerizable liquid crystal molecule 2b: Dichroic dye 3: Substrate 4: Back polarizing plate 5: Front polarizing plate 6: Adhesive layer 7: Viewing angle compensation layer 8: Hard coat layer 9: Positive A plate 10: First substrate (TFT substrate) 11: First support substrate 12: Metal wiring layer 13: Reflectance reduction layer 14: Gate wiring 15: Source wiring 16: Drain wiring 17: Pixel electrode 17a: Linear electrode portion 17b: Opening 18: Semiconductor layer 20: Liquid crystal layer 30: Second substrate (CF substrate) 31: Second support substrate 32: Color filter layer 32B: Blue color filter 32G: Green color filter 32R: Red color filter 33: Light shielding member 100: Liquid crystal module 200: Backlight

Claims

1. A first substrate having a metal wiring layer including a gate wiring or a source wiring, at least one metal layer and at least one insulating layer, and a reflectivity reducing layer disposed on the observation surface side of the metal wiring layer so as to overlap at least a part of the metal wiring layer in plan view; a liquid crystal layer; a liquid crystal panel having a second substrate in this order from the observation surface side; A liquid crystal module comprising an optical member disposed on the observation surface side of the liquid crystal panel and having a transmittance in an oblique direction lower than a transmittance in a front direction in a wavelength region of 550 nm or more and 650 nm or less.

2. The liquid crystal module according to claim 1, wherein the optical member has a transmittance in the front direction of 65% or more in a wavelength region of 380 nm to 780 nm.

3. The liquid crystal module according to claim 1, wherein the optical member has a transmittance in the oblique direction of 60% or less in a wavelength region of 550 nm to 650 nm.

4. The optical member has an absorption peak in a wavelength region of 550 nm or more and 650 nm or less, at the wavelength having the absorption peak, the transmittance of the optical member in the front direction is 65% or more, and the transmittance of the optical member at a polar angle of 60° is 40% or more and 50% or less. The liquid crystal module according to claim 1.

5. The liquid crystal module according to claim 1, wherein the optical member has an absolute value of a difference between a transmittance in the oblique direction and an azimuth angle of 0° and a transmittance in the oblique direction and an azimuth angle of 45° of 1% or less in a wavelength region of 550 nm or more and 650 nm or less.

6. The liquid crystal module according to claim 1, wherein the optical member includes polymerizable liquid crystal molecules exhibiting vertical alignment and a dichroic dye.

7. The liquid crystal module according to claim 1, further having a positive A plate on the observation surface side of the optical member.

8. The liquid crystal module according to claim 7, wherein the optical member is a positive C plate having a transmittance in the oblique direction lower than a transmittance in the front direction in a wavelength region of 550 nm or more and 650 nm or less.

9. The liquid crystal module according to claim 8, wherein an absolute value of a retardation in a thickness direction of the optical member is 70 nm or more and 120 nm or less.

10. The liquid crystal module according to claim 1, wherein the first substrate is a TFT substrate having a plurality of thin film transistors.

11. A liquid crystal display device further comprising a backlight that irradiates light from the second substrate side to the liquid crystal module according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

Images