Composite wall

Abstract

To reduce wall thickness while ensuring seismic and fire resistance.SOLUTION: A composite wall 30 comprises: a wooden wall section 40 provided between upper and lower slabs 20; and a pair of concrete wall sections 50 that is provided on both sides of the wooden wall section 40 in the width direction, into which steel members 60 joined to the upper and lower slabs 20 are embedded, and joined to the wooden wall section 40.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to composite walls. [Background technology]

[0002] A known earthquake-resistant wall structure includes a wooden wall joined to upper and lower beams via shear force transmission members, and tension plates provided on both sides of the wooden wall to connect the upper and lower beams (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

[0003] Also known is a seismic wall that includes a rectangular wooden wall section provided within a column-beam frame, a wall reinforcement section provided at the corner of the wooden wall section and joined to the column-beam frame, and a closing section that seals the space between the wooden wall section and the column-beam frame with a cement-based material, and the wooden wall section is joined to the column-beam frame via the wall reinforcement section and the closing section (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

[0004] Furthermore, a bearing wall is known that has a wooden panel and steel plates inserted from the left and right ends of the wooden panel to the interior above and below the wooden panel (see, for example, Patent Document 3). In this bearing wall, the wide surfaces of the wooden panel and the steel plates are fixed together by a first fixing means, and flanges provided on the left and right end faces of the steel plates are fixed to the end faces of the wooden panel by a second fixing means. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2020-101052 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2022-020037 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2023-137922 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] Incidentally, for example, it is conceivable to provide wooden walls in fire-resistant buildings, etc. However, in order to ensure earthquake resistance and fire resistance in wooden walls, the thickness of the wooden walls may increase.

[0007] In consideration of the above, the present invention aims to reduce the wall thickness while ensuring earthquake resistance and fire resistance. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] The composite wall described in claim 1 comprises a wooden wall section provided between upper and lower horizontal members, and a pair of concrete wall sections provided on both sides of the width of the wooden wall section, in which steel members joined to the upper and lower horizontal members are embedded and which are joined to the wooden wall section.

[0009] According to the composite wall of claim 1, a wooden wall section is provided between upper and lower horizontal members. A pair of concrete wall sections is provided on both sides of the width of the wooden wall section. The pair of concrete wall sections is joined to the wooden wall section. Steel members are embedded in each of the pair of concrete wall sections. Each steel member is joined to the upper and lower horizontal members.

[0010] By providing a wooden wall portion in this manner in a composite wall, the use of wooden materials can be promoted.

[0011] In addition, by connecting the steel members embedded in the pair of concrete walls to the upper and lower horizontal members, the pair of concrete walls and the steel members can resist earthquake forces. Furthermore, by providing a pair of concrete walls on both sides of the width of the wooden wall, earthquake forces are transmitted from the pair of concrete walls to the wooden wall. Therefore, the earthquake resistance of the composite wall can be ensured.

[0012] Furthermore, even if the wooden wall section is burned down in the event of a fire, the load of the horizontal member can be supported by the pair of concrete wall sections, thereby ensuring fire resistance.

[0013] Furthermore, since the concrete wall portion has higher rigidity than the wooden wall portion, the present invention allows the thickness of the composite wall to be thinner than when a pair of concrete wall portions is not provided on both sides of the wooden wall portion in the width direction.

[0014] In this way, the present invention makes it possible to reduce the wall thickness of a composite wall while ensuring earthquake resistance and fire resistance.

[0015] A composite wall according to a second aspect of the present invention is the composite wall according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the surface of the concrete wall portion is covered with a wood covering material.

[0016] According to the composite wall of claim 2, the surface of the concrete wall is covered with a wood covering material, thereby enhancing the design. In addition, the wood covering material functions as a substitute for fire, thereby improving the fire resistance of the composite wall.

[0017] A composite wall according to a third aspect of the present invention is the composite wall according to the first aspect, wherein the wooden wall portion is joined to the horizontal members above and below.

[0018] According to the composite wall of claim 3, the wooden wall section is joined to the upper and lower horizontal members. This allows the seismic force to be transmitted from the upper and lower horizontal members to the wooden wall section during an earthquake. This improves the earthquake resistance of the composite wall.

[0019] The composite wall described in claim 4 is a composite wall described in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the horizontal member is made of concrete and the steel member is a steel frame member, and is joined to the horizontal member via studs provided at the ends of the steel frame member.

[0020] According to the composite wall of claim 4, the horizontal members are made of concrete. The steel members are steel frame members, and are joined to the horizontal members via studs provided at the ends of the steel frame members.

[0021] By embedding steel frame members in the concrete wall in this way, the earthquake resistance of the composite wall can be improved. [Effects of the Invention]

[0022] As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the wall thickness while ensuring earthquake resistance and fire resistance. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0023] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is an elevation (front) view of a composite wall according to one embodiment. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 2-2 of FIG. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 3-3 in FIG. 2. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 4-4 of FIG. [Figure 5] FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion of FIG. 2 showing a concrete wall portion. [Figure 6] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view corresponding to FIG. 3, showing a modified example of a composite wall according to one embodiment. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 7-7 in FIG. 6. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0024] Hereinafter, an embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0025] (building) 1 shows a building (structure) 10 according to this embodiment. The building 10 is, as an example, a fire-resistant building. The building 10 includes upper and lower slabs 20 and a composite wall 30.

[0026] The building 10 is not limited to a fireproof building, but may be, for example, a semi-fireproof building, or a building other than a fireproof building or a semi-fireproof building.

[0027] The upper and lower slabs 20 each form the floor of a given floor of the building 10. Each slab 20 is made of reinforced concrete and has a plurality of slab reinforcements 22 (see FIG. 3) embedded therein. Each slab 20 is, as an example, a flat slab and is supported by columns (not shown). A composite wall 30 is provided between the upper and lower slabs 20.

[0028] (compound wall) The composite wall 30 is, for example, an earthquake-resistant wall or a load-bearing wall. The composite wall 30 is installed, for example, between a pair of columns (not shown) (within the structural plane) or at a position away from the pair of columns (outside the structural plane). As shown in Fig. 2, the composite wall 30 includes a wooden wall portion 40, a pair of concrete wall portions 50, and a wooden covering material 80.

[0029] (wooden wall) As an example, the wooden wall section 40 is formed in a rectangular shape using CLT (Cross Laminated Timber) and is provided between the upper and lower slabs 20. The wooden wall section 40 is also formed so as to be able to bear the load (long-term load) of the slab 20 and earthquake forces.

[0030] The wooden wall section 40 is not limited to CLT, and may be formed from other wooden materials such as LVL (Laminated Veneer Lumber), laminated lumber, plywood, etc. Furthermore, the wooden wall section 40 does not need to bear the load of the slab 20 or the seismic force.

[0031] The upper and lower ends of the wooden wall section 40 are joined to the upper and lower slabs 20 via a plurality of studs 48 so as to be able to transmit shear forces. The studs 48 are an example of shear force transmission members.

[0032] Here, the joint structures between the upper and lower ends of the wooden wall section 40 and the upper and lower slabs 20 are assumed to be the same. Therefore, the joint structure between the upper end of the wooden wall section 40 and the upper slab 20 will be described below, and the joint structure between the lower end of the wooden wall section 40 and the lower slab 20 will not be described. However, the joint structures between the upper and lower ends of the wooden wall section 40 and the upper and lower slabs 20 may be different.

[0033] 3, a bracket (metal joint) 42 is provided at the upper end of the wooden wall section 40. The bracket 42 is provided at the upper end of the wooden wall section 40, spanning from one end side to the other end side.

[0034] 4, the bracket 42 is formed of a T-shaped steel, for example, and includes a joining plate 42A and a base plate 42B.

[0035] The joint plate 42A is inserted into a slit (groove) 44 formed in the upper end surface of the wooden wall section 40. A plurality of drift pins 46 penetrate the joint plate 42A and the upper end of the wooden wall section 40 in the wall thickness direction of the wooden wall section 40. These drift pins 46 join the joint plate 42A to the upper end of the wooden wall section 40. A base plate 42B is provided on the upper end of the joint plate 42A.

[0036] The base plate 42B is arranged along the upper end surface of the wooden wall section 40. A plurality of studs 48 are provided on the upper surface of this base plate 42B. The plurality of studs (headed studs) 48 are arranged at intervals in the width direction and wall thickness direction of the wooden wall section 40. By embedding these studs 48 in the slab 20 above, the upper end of the wooden wall section 40 is joined to the slab 20 above.

[0037] The bracket 42 is not limited to being made of T-shaped steel, but may be made of L-shaped steel, for example. The base plate 42B of the bracket 42 may be provided with shear force transmission members such as reinforcing bars, instead of studs 48. The joining structure between the wooden wall section 40 and the slab 20 can be changed as appropriate. Furthermore, the wooden wall section 40 and the slab 20 do not have to be joined at all.

[0038] (Concrete wall) 1 and 2, the pair of concrete wall sections 50 are made of concrete and are provided in the shape of wall pillars on both sides of the wooden wall section 40 in the width direction.

[0039] 2, the pair of concrete wall sections 50 sandwich the wooden wall section 40 from both sides in the width direction. The pair of concrete wall sections 50 are joined (integrated) with the wooden wall section 40, for example, by adhering concrete. The pair of concrete wall sections 50 are also provided from the upper end side to the lower end side of the wooden wall section 40.

[0040] The side end surfaces of the wooden wall section 40 may be provided with cotters, studs, etc. to enhance the unity with the concrete wall section 50.

[0041] The wall thickness T2 of the concrete wall portion 50 is approximately the same as the wall thickness T1 of the wooden wall portion 40, and both surfaces 50S of the concrete wall portion 50 are approximately flush with both surfaces 40S of the wooden wall portion 40. The wall thickness T2 of the concrete wall portion 50 is not limited to being approximately the same as the wall thickness T1 of the wooden wall portion 40, and may be thicker or thinner than the wall thickness T1 of the wooden wall portion 40.

[0042] Steel frame members 60 are embedded in the concrete wall section 50. The steel frame members 60 are arranged along the height direction of the concrete wall section 50, and extend from the upper end side to the lower end side of the concrete wall section 50. In addition, as an example, the steel frame members 60 are channel steel, and have a C-shaped cross section. The steel frame members 60 are an example of a steel material.

[0043] As shown in Figure 5, the steel frame member 60 is arranged with its opening facing one side in the wall thickness direction of the concrete wall section 50. This steel frame member 60 has a pair of flange portions 60A facing each other in the width direction of the concrete wall section 50, and a web portion 60B connecting one end of the pair of flange portions 60A. Mesh reinforcement 70 is arranged inside this steel frame member 60. In other words, the concrete wall section 50 is made of steel-reinforced concrete.

[0044] The mesh reinforcement 70 is a reinforcing bar that suppresses cracks and the like in the concrete wall section 50 and enhances the unity between the steel frame member 60 and the concrete wall section 50. The mesh reinforcement 70 is formed by a plurality of reinforcing bars assembled in a lattice pattern and faces the web section 60B of the steel frame member 60. The mesh reinforcement 70 is also joined to the steel frame member 60 via a plurality of studs 62.

[0045] Note that other reinforcing bars, such as crack prevention bars, may be embedded in the concrete wall 50, not limited to the mesh reinforcing bars 70. Furthermore, reinforcing bars such as the mesh reinforcing bars 70 may be embedded in the concrete wall 50 as needed and may be omitted as appropriate. In other words, the concrete wall 50 is not limited to steel-reinforced concrete construction, but may also be steel-reinforced concrete construction.

[0046] A plurality of studs 62 are provided on the inner surface of a pair of flange portions 60A of the steel frame member 60. The plurality of studs 62 are also arranged at intervals in the axial direction of the steel frame member 60. Mesh reinforcement 70 is joined to these studs 62 by welding or the like.

[0047] Here, as described above, the steel frame members 60 are embedded in the concrete wall portion 50. In other words, at least a portion of the steel frame members 60 is covered by the concrete wall portion 50. The heat capacity of this concrete wall portion 50 enhances the fire resistance of the steel frame members 60.

[0048] The steel frame member 60 does not need to be entirely embedded in the concrete wall portion 50, and may be partially exposed from the concrete wall portion 50. In this embodiment, in a plan cross-sectional view of the composite wall 30, the tip surfaces of the pair of flange portions 60A and the outer surface of the web portion 60B are exposed from the concrete wall portion 50.

[0049] As shown in FIG. 3, the upper and lower ends of the steel frame member 60 are joined to the upper and lower slabs 20 via a plurality of studs 66 so as to be able to transmit shear forces.

[0050] The joint structures between the upper and lower ends of the steel frame member 60 and the upper and lower slabs 20 are the same. Therefore, the joint structure between the upper end of the steel frame member 60 and the upper slab 20 will be described below, and the joint structure between the lower end of the steel frame member 60 and the lower slab 20 will not be described. The studs 66 (see FIG. 3) are an example of shear force transmission members.

[0051] A base plate (metal joint) 64 is provided at the upper end of the steel frame member 60. The base plate 64 is disposed substantially horizontally, and the upper end of the steel frame member 60 is butted against its lower surface and joined by welding or the like.

[0052] A plurality of studs 66 are provided on the upper surface of the base plate 64. The plurality of studs (headed studs) 66 are arranged at intervals in the width direction and wall thickness direction of the composite wall 30. By embedding these studs 66 in the upper slab 20, the upper end of the steel frame member 60 is joined to the upper slab 20.

[0053] It should be noted that the base plate 64 may be provided with shear force transmitting members such as reinforcing bars, instead of the studs 66. Furthermore, the joint structure between the steel frame member 60 and the slab 20 can be changed as appropriate.

[0054] (wood covering material) 2, the wood covering material 80 is, for example, a finishing material (wood finishing material) made of wood. The wood covering material 80 is made of CLT. The wood covering material 80 covers almost the entire surfaces 40S, 50S of the wood wall 40 and the concrete wall 50, and also covers almost the entire side end surface 50E of the concrete wall 50.

[0055] In this embodiment, the wood covering material 80 functions as a substitute fire layer. The substitute fire layer has a predetermined thickness, and is a layer that burns in the event of a fire to form a carbonized layer (thermal insulating layer), thereby suppressing the penetration of fire heat into the compound wall 30.

[0056] The wood covering material 80 does not have to function as a substitute fire layer. The wood covering material 80 is not limited to CLT, and may be formed from wood materials such as LVL, laminated lumber, plywood, etc. The wood wall section 40 and the concrete wall section 50 are not limited to being covered with the wood covering material 80, and may be covered with finishing materials made of other materials.

[0057] (action) Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.

[0058] The composite wall 30 according to this embodiment comprises a wooden wall section 40 and a pair of concrete wall sections 50. The wooden wall sections 40 are provided on the upper and lower slabs 20. A pair of concrete wall sections 50 are provided on both sides of the wooden wall section 40 in the width direction.

[0059] The pair of concrete wall sections 50 are joined to the wooden wall section 40. Steel frame members 60 are embedded in the pair of concrete wall sections 50. The steel frame members 60 are joined to the upper and lower slabs 20 via a plurality of studs 66.

[0060] By providing the wooden wall portion 40 in the compound wall 30 in this way, the use of wooden materials can be promoted.

[0061] Furthermore, by joining the steel frame members 60 embedded in the pair of concrete wall sections 50 to the upper and lower slabs 20, the concrete wall sections 50 and the steel frame members 60 can resist earthquake forces. Furthermore, by providing a pair of concrete wall sections 50 on both sides of the width of the wooden wall section 40, earthquake forces are transmitted from the pair of concrete wall sections 50 to the wooden wall section 40. Therefore, the earthquake resistance performance of the composite wall 30 can be ensured.

[0062] Furthermore, even if the wooden wall portion 40 is burned down in the event of a fire, the pair of concrete wall portions 50 can support the load of the slab 20. Therefore, the fire resistance of the composite wall 30 can also be ensured.

[0063] Furthermore, the concrete wall portion 50 has higher rigidity than the wooden wall portion 40. Therefore, in this embodiment, the wall thickness of the composite wall 30 can be made thinner than when a pair of concrete wall portions 50 is not provided on both sides of the wooden wall portion 40 in the width direction.

[0064] In this way, this embodiment can reduce the wall thickness of the composite wall 30 while ensuring earthquake resistance and fire resistance.

[0065] In this embodiment, mesh reinforcement 70 is embedded in the concrete wall section 50. The mesh reinforcement 70 is joined to the steel frame members 60 via a plurality of studs 62. The mesh reinforcement 70 suppresses cracks and the like in the concrete wall section 50 and also enhances the integrity between the concrete wall section 50 and the steel frame members 60. Therefore, the earthquake resistance performance of the composite wall 30 is further improved.

[0066] Furthermore, the wooden wall section 40 of this embodiment is joined to the upper and lower slabs 20 via multiple studs 48. This allows seismic force to be transmitted from the upper and lower slabs 20 to the wooden wall section 40 during an earthquake. This further improves the earthquake resistance of the composite wall 30.

[0067] In this embodiment, both surfaces 40S, 50S of the wooden wall section 40 and the concrete wall section 50 are covered with the wooden covering material 80, and the side end surface 50E of the concrete wall section 50 is also covered with the wooden covering material 80. This improves the design of the compound wall 30 in this embodiment. Furthermore, by making the wooden covering material 80 function as a substitute fire layer, the fire resistance of the compound wall 30 can be further improved.

[0068] Furthermore, when manufacturing the compound wall 30, it is possible to use the wood covering material 80 as a formwork for the concrete wall portion 50, for example. Therefore, the manufacturability of the compound wall 30 is improved.

[0069] (Variation) Next, a modification of the above embodiment will be described.

[0070] In the above embodiment, the steel frame members 60 are embedded in the concrete wall section 50. However, the steel frame members 60 are not limited to being embedded in the concrete wall section 50, and wall reinforcement as steel materials may also be embedded.

[0071] 6 and 7, a plurality of vertical wall reinforcements 90A and horizontal wall reinforcements 90B are embedded in the concrete wall section 50. The vertical wall reinforcements 90A are arranged along the height direction of the concrete wall section 50 and are also spaced apart in the width direction of the concrete wall section 50. The vertical wall reinforcements 90A are connected (bound) by a plurality of horizontal wall reinforcements 90B.

[0072] The horizontal wall reinforcement bars 90B are arranged along the width direction of the concrete wall section 50 and are spaced apart along the height direction of the concrete wall section 50. Both ends of each horizontal wall reinforcement bar 90B are folded back in a U-shape and hooked onto the vertical wall reinforcement bars 90A on both sides. These horizontal wall reinforcement bars 90B and vertical wall reinforcement bars 90A form a lattice-like wall reinforcement bar (unit wall reinforcement bar) 90. These wall reinforcement bars 90 suppress cracks and the like in the concrete wall section 50.

[0073] Here, the upper ends of the multiple vertical wall reinforcements 90A are embedded in the upper slab 20. Similarly, the lower ends of the multiple vertical wall reinforcements 90A are embedded in the lower slab 20. The concrete wall portion 50 and the upper and lower slabs 20 are joined via these vertical wall reinforcements 90A so as to be able to transmit shear forces.

[0074] By joining the concrete wall portion 50 to the upper and lower slabs 20 via the wall reinforcement 90 in this way, the same effects as those of the above embodiment can be obtained.

[0075] Furthermore, since the wall reinforcement 90 is lighter than the steel frame members 60, the weight of the composite wall 30 can be reduced.

[0076] Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the wood covering material 80 covers almost the entire surfaces 40S, 50S on both sides of the wooden wall 40 and the concrete wall 50, and also covers almost the entire side end face 50E of the concrete wall 50. However, the coverage area of ​​the wood covering material 80 on the wooden wall 40 and the concrete wall 50 can be changed as appropriate. For example, the wood covering material 80 may not cover the side end face 50E of the concrete wall 50, but may cover almost the entire surfaces 40S, 50S on both sides of the wooden wall 40 and the concrete wall 50. Furthermore, the wood covering material 80 may be provided as needed, and may be omitted as appropriate.

[0077] In the above embodiment, the wooden wall portions 40 are joined to the upper and lower slabs 20. However, the wooden wall portions 40 may be joined to the upper and lower slabs 20 as needed, and are not necessarily joined to the upper and lower slabs 20.

[0078] In the above embodiment, the horizontal member is a slab 20. However, the horizontal member is not limited to the slab 20 and may be a beam. The beam may be made of, for example, reinforced concrete, steel-reinforced concrete, or steel. When the horizontal member is a steel beam, for example, a flange provided at the end of the steel member 60 is welded or bolted to the steel beam.

[0079] Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to such an embodiment, and one embodiment and various modified examples may be used in appropriate combination, and it goes without saying that the present invention can be implemented in various forms as long as it does not deviate from the gist of the present invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0080] 20 Slab (horizontal member) 30 Compound wall 40 Wooden wall 50 Concrete wall 60 Steel frame members (steel materials) 80 Wood cladding 90 Wall reinforcement (steel material)

Claims

1. A wooden wall portion provided between the upper and lower horizontal members; a pair of concrete wall sections provided on both sides of the wooden wall section in the width direction, in which steel members joined to the upper and lower horizontal members are embedded, and which are joined to the wooden wall sections; A composite wall comprising:

2. The surface of the concrete wall is covered with a wood covering material. The composite wall of claim 1 .

3. The wooden wall portion is joined to the upper and lower horizontal members. The composite wall of claim 1 .

4. The horizontal member is made of concrete, The steel material is a steel frame member and is joined to the horizontal member via a stud provided at an end of the steel frame member. The composite wall according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

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