Dust layer thickness measuring device for stoker incinerator and operation method of stoker incinerator

Abstract

To provide a dust layer thickness measuring device for a stoker incinerator that uses a microwave or a millimeter wave resistant to dust and contamination and not affected by flame, measures a three-dimensional shape of a dust layer transported on a stoker, accurately measures a thickness of the dust layer, and has a simple structure.SOLUTION: A dust layer thickness measuring device includes transmission and reception means for transmitting and receiving a microwave or a millimeter wave, an angle-variable reflection plate having a reflection surface whose inclination angle with respect to a stoker conveying surface is variable, width-direction scanning means for inclining the reflection surface of the angle-variable reflection plate in a width direction of the stoker conveying surface, and conveying-direction scanning means for inclining the reflection surface of the angle-variable reflection plate in a conveying direction of the stoker conveying surface, and controls the width-direction scanning means and the conveying-direction scanning means to scan the microwave or the millimeter wave over a plane toward a dust layer on the stoker conveying surface and measure a sectional shape of the dust layer.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a garbage layer thickness measurement device for a stoker incinerator that measures the cross-sectional shape of the garbage layer being burned in the stoker incinerator.The present invention also relates to an operating method for a stoker incinerator that operates while adjusting operating conditions based on the cross-sectional shape of the garbage layer measured by the device. [Background technology]

[0002] In order to stabilize the operation of a stoker incinerator, it is important to know the cross-sectional shape of the waste layer. For example, as shown in Patent Document 1, a method has been proposed in which the height of the waste layer is measured from its three-dimensional shape using a laser beam and an image processing device. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-283443 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] However, the method using laser light described in Patent Document 1 is not capable of stable measurement because it is affected by dust particles floating in the furnace and dirt on the laser light irradiation part.

[0005] The present invention was made in consideration of these circumstances, and aims to provide a garbage layer thickness measurement device for a stoker incinerator that uses microwaves or millimeter waves that are resistant to dust and dirt and are not affected by flames, and has a simple structure that measures the three-dimensional shape of the garbage layer transported on the stoker and accurately measures the garbage layer thickness. It also provides a method for operating a stoker incinerator that can accurately measure the distribution of the garbage layer thickness transported and ensure stable incineration. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides the following devices (1) to (4) for measuring the thickness of a waste layer in a stoker incinerator.

[0007] (1) A device for measuring the cross-sectional shape of the waste layer on the stoker conveying surface of a stoker incinerator using microwaves or millimeter waves, a transmitting / receiving means for transmitting and receiving the microwave or millimeter wave; An angle-variable reflector having a reflecting surface whose inclination angle with respect to the stoker conveying surface is variable; a width direction scanning means for tilting the reflecting surface of the angle variable reflecting plate in the width direction of the stoker conveying surface; a conveying direction scanning means for tilting the reflecting surface of the angle-variable reflecting plate in the conveying direction of the stoker conveying surface; A garbage layer thickness measuring device for a stoker incinerator, characterized in that the cross-sectional shape of the garbage layer is measured by controlling the width direction scanning means and the conveying direction scanning means and scanning the microwaves or millimeter waves on a plane toward the garbage layer on the stoker conveying surface. (2) A garbage layer thickness measuring device for a stoker incinerator as described in (1), characterized in that after scanning by the width direction scanning means in accordance with the width of the stoker conveying surface, the conveying direction scanning means tilts the reflecting surface of the angle-variable reflecting plate at a predetermined angle, and the operation of scanning by the width direction scanning means is repeated. (3) A garbage layer thickness measuring device for a stoker incinerator as described in (1), characterized in that after scanning is performed by the conveying direction scanning means in the conveying direction of the stoker conveying surface, the width direction scanning means tilts the reflecting surface of the angle-variable reflecting plate at a predetermined angle, and the operation of scanning by the conveying direction scanning means is repeated. (4) A garbage layer thickness measuring device for a stoker incinerator described in any one of (1) to (3), characterized in that the measurement of the scanning area by the width direction scanning means and the conveying direction scanning means is repeatedly performed at the time intervals at which garbage in the scanning area passes through the scanning area.

[0008] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention also provides the following methods of operating a stoker incinerator (5) and (6).

[0009] (5) A method of operating a stoker incinerator, characterized by using a garbage layer thickness measuring device described in any one of (1) to (3) and operating the furnace while adjusting the operating conditions based on the cross-sectional shape of the garbage layer. (6) A method of operating a stoker incinerator, characterized by using the garbage layer thickness measuring device described in (4) and adjusting the operating conditions based on the cross-sectional shape of the garbage layer.

[0010] In the following description, the "dust layer thickness measuring device" will also be simply referred to as the "measuring device." [Effects of the Invention]

[0011] According to the present invention, the cross-sectional shape of a garbage layer can be accurately measured without being affected by dust, dirt, or combustion flames.

[0012] In addition, the cross-sectional shape of the waste layer on the stoker allows for stable operation of the stoker incinerator. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0013] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view that schematically shows a state in which a measuring device is installed in a stoker incinerator. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the main components and the scanning mode of the detection wave in an example of a measuring device. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a diagram showing another example of the measuring device in accordance with FIG. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a schematic diagram illustrating that the measurement interval of the scanning area is set to the dust transport time T. In FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0014] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below, and can be implemented with any modifications within the scope of the gist of the present invention.

[0015] [Measuring equipment] FIG. 1 shows a measuring device 1 installed in a stoker incinerator 200. Waste 201 in a waste hopper (not shown) is pushed by a feeder (not shown) into a conveying device 100 consisting of a movable grate 202a and a fixed grate 202b. The movable grates 202a and the fixed grates 202b are arranged alternately, and by moving the movable grate 202a back and forth R, the waste 201 is agitated and conveyed in the direction indicated by the arrow F in the figure, passing through a drying zone, a combustion zone, and a post-combustion zone before being discharged as incineration ash. An opening 203 is formed in the top of the stoker incinerator 200 for transmitting and receiving a detection wave M into the furnace, and the measuring device 1 is installed in the opening 203.

[0016] 2 is a diagram showing the main components of the measuring device 1 and the scanning pattern on the conveying surface 101 of the conveying device 100 using the measuring device 1. The measuring device 1 is equipped with an angle-variable reflector 10 that rotates in the X and Y directions in the figure around the center 20a of the reflecting surface 11 of the angle-variable reflector 10, which is located directly above the center of the width of the conveying device 100. An antenna 40 is disposed opposite the reflecting surface 11 of the angle-variable reflector 10.

[0017] A transmitting / receiving means 50 for transmitting a detection wave M is connected to the antenna 40 via a waveguide (not shown). Microwaves or millimeter waves are preferable as the detection wave M. There are no limitations on the antenna 40, and it may be a horn antenna as shown in the figure, or may be one to which a dielectric lens 41 is attached.

[0018] A heat insulating material (not shown) such as fluororesin, quartz glass, or ceramic is provided below the angle-variable reflecting plate 10.

[0019] A rotation shaft 301 of a motor 300 is connected to the center 20a of the reflecting surface 11 of the angle-variable reflector 10. A rotation shaft 303 of a motor 302 is connected to a rotation fulcrum 20b provided on the side of the rotation-variable reflector 20. Furthermore, since the motor 300 moves by an angle θy in the Y direction in the drawing as the motor 302 rotates, the power supply and encoder cable of the motor 300 are connected to an angle-variable reflector control unit (not shown) via a slip ring 304. Note that a robot cable may be used instead of the slip ring 304.

[0020] In the measuring device 1 configured as above, the detection wave M is transmitted from the transmitting / receiving means 50 via the antenna 40 , reflected by the reflecting surface 11 of the angle-variable reflector 10 , and sent to the conveying surface 101 of the conveying device 100 .

[0021] The angle-variable reflector 10 is rotated like a pendulum within a range of θx in the figure by a motor 300. Then, as the reflecting surface 11 rotates, the detection wave M scans the conveying surface 101 of the conveying device 100 in the X-coordinate direction in the figure. The motor 300 and its control means (not shown) for scanning this detection wave M in the X-coordinate direction correspond to the "width-direction scanning means." At this time, the oscillation angle θx of the detection wave M is determined taking into account the distance from the conveying surface 101 to the center 20a of the reflecting surface 11 of the angle-variable reflector 10 so that it becomes the overall width W of the conveying device 100.

[0022] Furthermore, the angle-variable reflecting plate 10 is rotated in a pendulum-like manner within the range of θy in the figure by the motor 302. Then, as the reflecting surface 11 rotates, the detection wave M scans the conveying surface 101 of the conveying device 100 in the Y coordinate direction (arrow Y) in the figure. The motor 302 and its control means (not shown) for scanning this detection wave M in the Y coordinate direction correspond to the "conveying direction scanning means." In this way, the scanning line scanned in the X coordinate direction is moved in the Y coordinate direction (L1 to Ln) to scan, thereby shortening the measurement time.

[0023] A specific measurement method will be described below. First, motor 302 is stopped, and only motor 300 is driven to rotate the angle variable reflector 10 by θx in the figure, and measurement of the scan line L1 is performed. Note that symbol P is a measurement point on the scan line.

[0024] Next, motor 300 is stopped, and motor 302 is rotated by Δθy (not shown) in the θy direction in the figure. Δθy is an angle determined from the swing angle θy of the angle-variable reflector 10 and the number of scans in the Y coordinate direction in the figure. After the angle-variable reflector 10 has been rotated by Δθy, motor 302 is stopped, and motor 300 is driven to rotate the angle-variable reflector 10 by θx in the figure, and measurement of scan line L2 is performed.

[0025] Thereafter, the same operation is repeated up to the scanning line Ln to measure the area S. By performing three-dimensional processing based on the (X, Y) coordinates of each measurement point P in the area S, which are uniquely determined by the rotation angle of the angle-variable reflector 10, and the measurement distance of each measurement point P, it is possible to know the burning state of the waste 201 in the area S in three dimensions. Note that it is preferable to measure the area S while the movable fire grate 202a is stopped.

[0026] In the measuring device 1 shown in Fig. 2 above, the antenna 40 is installed facing the reflecting surface 11 of the angle-variable reflector 10, but as shown in Fig. 3, the detection wave M from the antenna 40 can be reflected by a fixed reflector 60 with an inclination angle of 45° and sent to the reflecting surface 11 of the angle-variable reflector 10. This allows the entire device to be made smaller.

[0027] FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a scanning method for continuously measuring the cross-sectional shape of the dust 201 by scanning the area S at time intervals determined from the transport speed of the dust 201 on the transport surface 101 of the transport device 100.

[0028] First, the detection wave M is at coordinates (X L10 , Y L10 ), the motor 302 is then stopped, and the motor 300 is driven. The detection wave M is then detected at the coordinate (X L1m , Y L1m), and the scanning line L1 is measured. Next, the motor 300 is stopped, and the motor 302 is driven, and the detection wave M is measured at the coordinate (X L2m , Y L2m ), the angle-variable reflector 10 is rotated so that the motor 302 is stopped and the motor 300 is driven, and the detection wave M is rotated so that the detection wave M is directed to the coordinate (X L20 , Y L20 ), and the scan line L2 is measured. In this way, after scanning by the width direction scanning means in accordance with the width of the conveying surface 101, the conveying direction scanning means tilts the reflecting surface 11 of the angle variable reflecting plate 10 at a predetermined angle, and the width direction scanning means performs scanning. This operation is repeated up to the scan line Ln, thereby determining the cross-sectional shape of the dust 201 on the area S0. Note that after scanning by the conveying direction scanning means, the width direction scanning means can also tilt the reflecting surface 11 of the angle variable reflecting plate 10 at a predetermined angle, and the operation of scanning by the conveying direction scanning means can also be repeated.

[0029] After the measurement of the area S0 is completed, the detection wave M is L10 , Y L10 The angle-variable reflector 10 is rotated by motors 300 and 302 so that it faces the scanning line L1. After the time T has elapsed, it takes for the dust 201 on the scanning line L1 measured in the area S0 to reach the scanning line Ln in the area S, the area S1 is measured. The time T is determined from the amount of movement of the dust 201 per unit time obtained in a test run or the like. The time T can also be changed depending on the operating conditions.

[0030] Thereafter, by repeatedly performing measurements at time intervals of T, the three-dimensional shape of the dust 201 on the conveying surface 101 of the conveying device 100 can be measured continuously without interruption.

[0031] [Operation method] The present invention also relates to a method for operating a stoker incinerator using the above-mentioned measuring device 1. That is, using the measuring device 1, the amount of waste is accurately measured based on the cross-sectional shape of the waste 201 being transported by the transport device 100, and the transport speed of the transport device 100 is controlled to increase the incineration efficiency. [Explanation of symbols]

[0032] 1. Measuring equipment 10 Variable angle reflector 11 Reflective surface 20a Center of the reflecting surface 20b Rotation fulcrum 50 Transmission and Reception Means 60 Fixed reflector 100 conveying device 101 Conveying surface 200 Stoker Incinerator 201 Garbage 202a Movable grate 202b fixed grate 203 Opening 300 motor 301 Rotating shaft 302 Motor 303 Rotational Axis 304 slip ring

Claims

1. A device that measures the cross-sectional shape of a garbage layer on the stoker conveying surface of a stoker incinerator using microwaves or millimeter waves, a transmitting / receiving means for transmitting and receiving the microwave or millimeter wave; An angle-variable reflector having a reflecting surface whose inclination angle with respect to the stoker conveying surface is variable; a width direction scanning means for tilting the reflecting surface of the angle variable reflecting plate in the width direction of the stoker conveying surface; a conveying direction scanning means for tilting the reflecting surface of the angle-variable reflecting plate in the conveying direction of the stoker conveying surface; A garbage layer thickness measuring device for a stoker incinerator, characterized in that the cross-sectional shape of the garbage layer is measured by controlling the width direction scanning means and the conveying direction scanning means and scanning the microwaves or millimeter waves on a plane toward the garbage layer on the stoker conveying surface.

2. The garbage layer thickness measuring device for a stoker incinerator as described in claim 1, characterized in that after scanning using the width direction scanning means to match the width of the stoker conveying surface, the conveying direction scanning means tilts the reflective surface of the angle-variable reflector at a predetermined angle, and the operation of scanning using the width direction scanning means is repeated.

3. The garbage layer thickness measuring device for a stoker incinerator described in claim 1, characterized in that after scanning is performed by the conveying direction scanning means in the conveying direction of the stoker conveying surface, the width direction scanning means tilts the reflecting surface of the angle-variable reflecting plate at a predetermined angle, and the scanning operation by the conveying direction scanning means is repeated.

4. A garbage layer thickness measuring device for a stoker incinerator as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that measurement of the scanning area by the width direction scanning means and the conveying direction scanning means is repeatedly performed at time intervals when garbage within the scanning area passes through the scanning area.

5. A method for operating a stoker incinerator, comprising using the garbage layer thickness measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and adjusting operating conditions based on the cross-sectional shape of the garbage layer.

6. A method for operating a stoker incinerator, comprising using the garbage layer thickness measuring device according to claim 4 and adjusting the operating conditions based on the cross-sectional shape of the garbage layer.

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