Wooden load bearing wall

Abstract

To provide a wooden load bearing wall having high deformation performance and excellent earthquake energy absorption performance.SOLUTION: In a wooden load bearing wall 100, wooden load bearing panels 40 are attached to a pair of cross members 20 in a frame 30 composed of a pair of columns 10 and a pair of beams 20 or cross members including a foundation. The load bearing panels 40 include connecting panels 40A and restraining panels 40B. The connecting panels 40A are arranged with a gap G between first ends 42 at left and right sides of the connecting panels 40A and the pair of columns 10. The first ends 42 and side surfaces 11 of the pair of columns 10 are each joined by steel dampers 50 arranged in the gap G. The steel dampers 50 are sandwiched between a pair of restraining panels 40B arranged in the gap G.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a wooden bearing wall. [Background technology]

[0002] Wooden load-bearing panels may be attached to the wooden frames (frames formed by wooden columns and wooden beams) and steel frames (frames formed by steel columns and steel beams) that make up a building to form load-bearing walls.Load-bearing walls in which wooden load-bearing panels are attached to various frames in this way can be called wooden load-bearing walls.

[0003] Patent Document 1 proposes a partition shear wall that uses CLT (Cross Laminated Timber) panels as the shear panels (in this case, shear face material). This partition shear wall is installed in a room and includes a beam that spans the ceiling cavity, two columns that support the beam, a base frame that is installed between the two columns, and a shear face material with an exposed wood design that is installed within the rectangular frame formed by the beam, the two columns, and the base frame. A ceiling material that covers the ceiling cavity and forms the interior ceiling is installed below the beam, and the shear face material is located below the ceiling material and fixed to the two columns, but is not fixed to the ceiling material. The shear panel, made of CLT panels, is attached to the columns with multiple screws. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2020-23802 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] In conventional wooden shear walls, including the partition shear wall described in Patent Document 1, the left and right edges of the shear panels are generally fixed with fasteners such as screws or nails to a pair of columns on the left and right, or even to a pair of horizontal members (beams, foundations, etc.) above and below. Therefore, when horizontal forces during an earthquake act on the frame, the strength of the wooden shear wall, which uses the shear panels to resist horizontal deformation of the frame, is often determined by the dowel resistance of screws, nails, etc. to the shear force between the column and the shear panel.

[0006] However, if the strength of a wooden shear wall is determined by the dowel resistance of fasteners such as screws, it is difficult to create a wooden shear wall with high deformation performance, which poses issues in terms of earthquake energy absorption.

[0007] The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and aims to provide a wooden shear wall that has high deformation performance and excellent earthquake energy absorption properties. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, one aspect of the wooden shear wall according to the present invention is as follows: A wooden shear wall is a frame structure consisting of a pair of columns and a pair of horizontal members including a beam or a foundation, and wooden shear panels are attached to the pair of horizontal members, The load-bearing panels include a connecting panel and a restraining panel, The connecting panel is disposed with a gap between the first end on each side and the pair of pillars, The first end and the side surfaces of the pair of pillars are respectively joined by steel dampers arranged in the gaps, The steel damper is sandwiched between a pair of the restraint panels disposed in the gap.

[0009] According to this embodiment, the wooden shear panels include connecting panels and restraining panels, and the connecting panels are arranged with gaps between the first edges on the left and right sides of the pair of columns. Steel dampers are arranged in the gaps and joined to the first edges and the sides of the columns. The steel dampers are sandwiched between the pair of restraining panels. This allows the steel dampers to plastically deform when the frame deforms during an earthquake (major earthquake). This allows for the formation of a wooden shear wall with excellent seismic energy absorption, for example, a spindle-shaped load-deformation history. For example, if the steel dampers are made of thin steel plates and are not restrained, they tend to have a slip-type load-deformation history, which tends to reduce seismic energy absorption. However, in this embodiment, even if the steel dampers are made of thin steel plates, the steel plates are restrained by the pair of restraining panels, which suppresses out-of-plane deformation of the steel dampers, thereby achieving the spindle-shaped load-deformation history characteristics described above. Furthermore, since the steel damper is sandwiched between a pair of wooden restraining panels, the steel damper cannot be seen from the outside, making it possible to form a wooden shear wall with excellent external design.

[0010] Here, the structure into which the wooden load-bearing panels are incorporated may be a wooden structure consisting of wooden columns and cross members such as wooden beams or wooden foundations, a steel structure consisting of steel columns and cross members such as steel beams or steel foundations, or even a concrete structure consisting of concrete columns and cross members, or a hybrid structure consisting of concrete columns and steel cross members, etc. Regardless of the structure used, a wooden load-bearing wall will be formed by incorporating the wooden load-bearing panels.

[0011] Furthermore, the wooden connecting panels and wooden restraining panels that make up the wooden load-bearing panels can be made of laminated veneer lumber (LVL), nail-laminated timber (NLT), CLT, solid wood, thinned wood, structural plywood, etc. When CLT is used for the load-bearing panels in a conventional wooden load-bearing wall, thick, large-sized CLT boards are used, which tends to increase material costs, but in this embodiment, the load-bearing panel is divided into connecting panels and restraining panels, so it is possible to use wood materials such as relatively small-sized CLT, which is preferable as it reduces material costs.

[0012] The thickness of a connecting panel, which is placed between a pair of pillars, for example in the center, can be set to be approximately the same as or slightly smaller than the pillars. On the other hand, the thickness of each of the pair of restraint panels that sandwich the steel damper on either side of the connecting panel can be set to half the thickness of the connecting panel minus the thickness of the steel damper, so that the overall thickness of the connecting panel and the pair of restraint panels sandwiching the steel damper are approximately the same, which is preferable as it allows the formation of a wooden shear wall with a uniform thickness across the entire shear panel.

[0013] In addition, the connections between connecting panels and columns and steel dampers, and between the pair of restraint materials that sandwich the steel damper, can be made with screws, nails, bolts, etc., and when connecting steel dampers to columns or connecting panels with screws, etc., it is desirable to set the specifications and number of screws so that the steel damper can undergo plastic deformation first in the event of a major earthquake.

[0014] Furthermore, the upper and lower connecting panels that make up the load-bearing panels are attached to the upper and lower cross members such as beams and foundations, respectively, and this attachment can be done by arranging steel plates or the like so that they straddle the connecting panel and the cross member, and fastening them with fasteners such as bolts and screws. The connection between this connecting panel and the cross member only needs to have the function of transmitting horizontal shear forces caused by horizontal forces acting during an earthquake between the load-bearing panel and the cross member.

[0015] In another aspect of the wooden shear wall according to the present invention, The left and right first small edges are each provided with a receiving groove, One end of the steel damper is provided with a bent portion, and the other end is a flat portion, The flat portion is accommodated in the accommodation groove, and the flat portion and the connecting panel are fixed by a first fastener, The side surface of the pillar and the bent portion are fixed by a second fastener, The pair of restraint panels are fixed by third fasteners at positions above and below the steel damper.

[0016] According to this aspect, the steel damper has a bent portion at one end and a flat portion at the other end, and the bent portion is fixed to the side surface of the pillar with a fastener (second fastener), and the flat portion is received in a receiving groove provided at the first end of the connecting panel, and the connecting panel and flat portion are fixed with a separate fastener (first fastener), so that the steel damper can be firmly fixed to the pillar and connecting panel. Furthermore, the pair of restraint panels are further fixed with separate fasteners (third fasteners) at positions above and below the steel damper, so that the pair of restraint panels can be firmly fixed to each other and the steel damper (flat portion) located between them can be restrained without being affected by deformation of the steel damper.

[0017] In another aspect of the wooden shear wall according to the present invention, A plurality of the steel dampers are arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the column, Each of the steel dampers is sandwiched between a unique pair of the restraint panels.

[0018] According to this aspect, in a configuration in which a plurality of steel dampers are arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction (vertical direction) of a column, each steel damper is sandwiched between its own pair of restraint panels, so that each restraint panel can be restrained and hidden using short restraint panels. In this configuration, the pair of restraint panels unique to each steel damper are fixed by third fasteners at positions above and below the steel damper.

[0019] Another aspect of the wooden shear wall according to the present invention is as follows: A wooden shear wall is a frame structure consisting of a pair of columns and a pair of horizontal members including a beam or a foundation, and a pair of wooden shear panels are attached to the pair of horizontal members, The width between the pair of first ends on the left and right of the load-bearing panel is the same as or approximately the same as the width between the pair of columns, A steel damper having a flat portion and bent portions at both ends of the flat portion, wherein the two bent portions are fixed to the side surfaces of the pair of columns by second fasteners, The steel damper is sandwiched between the pair of load-bearing panels, and the flat portion and the pair of load-bearing panels are fixed together by a first fastener.

[0020] According to this embodiment, the steel damper has a flat portion and curved portions at both ends thereof, the two curved portions are fixed to the sides of a pair of pillars with second fasteners, and a pair of load-bearing panels having a width approximately the same as the width between the pair of pillars are fixed to the steel damper with first fasteners, sandwiching the steel damper between them.This makes it possible to restrain the steel damper (its flat portion) with load-bearing panels of as simple a configuration as possible while concealing the steel damper.

[0021] In this embodiment, for example, the upper and lower central portions of each of a pair of load-bearing panels are joined to the upper and lower cross members by bolts or the like via steel plates or the like.

[0022] In another aspect of the wooden shear wall according to the present invention, The pair of load-bearing panels are further secured by third fasteners at positions above and below the flat portion.

[0023] According to this embodiment, in addition to the pair of load-bearing panels being fixed to the steel damper (flat portion) with the first fasteners, the pair of load-bearing panels are further fixed together with third fasteners at positions above and below the flat portion of the steel damper, so that the pair of restraint panels can be firmly fixed together and the steel damper (flat portion) between them can be restrained without being affected by deformation of the steel damper.

[0024] Another aspect of the wooden shear wall according to the present invention is as follows: A wooden shear wall is a frame structure consisting of a pair of columns and a pair of horizontal members including a beam or a foundation, and one wooden shear panel is attached to the pair of horizontal members, The width between the pair of first ends on the left and right of the load-bearing panel is the same as or approximately the same as the width between the pair of columns, The first small end is provided with a receiving groove, A steel damper having a flat portion and a bent portion at one end of the flat portion, the bent portion being fixed to the side surface of the column by a second fastener, The flat portion is accommodated in the accommodation groove, and the flat portion and the load-bearing panel are fixed by a first fastener.

[0025] According to this aspect, a single load-bearing panel having a width approximately equal to the width between the pillars has accommodation grooves on its left and right first ends, and a steel damper having a flat portion and a curved portion at one end has the curved portion fixed to the side of the corresponding pillar with a second fastener, and the flat portion is accommodated in the accommodation groove of the corresponding first end and fixed with a first fastener, so that a wooden load-bearing wall can be formed using as short a steel damper as possible and a single load-bearing panel.

[0026] In another aspect of the wooden shear wall according to the present invention, The area of ​​the load-bearing panel where the accommodation groove is provided has a first area and a second area separated by the accommodation groove, and the first area and the second area are fixed by a third fastener at positions above and below the flat portion.

[0027] According to this aspect, in addition to one load-bearing panel being fixed to the flat portion of the steel damper accommodated in the accommodation groove by a first fastener, the first and second regions of the load-bearing panel, which are separated by the accommodation groove, are further fixed by a third fastener at positions above and below the flat portion, thereby enhancing the restraining effect of the first and second regions sandwiching and restraining the flat portion of the steel damper.

[0028] In this embodiment, when the flat portions of multiple steel dampers are accommodated in the accommodation grooves provided on the first small edges on each side of the load-bearing panel, it is preferable from the standpoint of workability to form a continuous accommodation groove extending from the upper end to the lower end of the load-bearing panel.In this case, there is a continuous accommodation groove extending from the upper end to the lower end on each side of the load-bearing panel, and the flat portions of multiple steel dampers are accommodated at intervals in this long accommodation groove.Therefore, by fixing the first and second regions at positions above and below the flat portions of each steel damper with a third fastener, the restraining effect of the flat portions of each steel damper can be enhanced, which is preferable.

[0029] Another aspect of the wooden shear wall according to the present invention is as follows: A wooden shear wall is a frame structure consisting of a pair of columns and a pair of horizontal members including a beam or a foundation, and a pair of wooden shear panels are attached to the pair of horizontal members, A receiving groove is provided in one of the left and right first edges of the load-bearing panel, A steel damper having a flat portion and a bent portion at one end of the flat portion, the flat portion being accommodated in the accommodation groove, and the flat portion and the load-bearing panel being fixed by a first fastener, The side surface of one of the pair of pillars and the bent portion are fixed by a second fastener.

[0030] According to this aspect, a storage groove is provided in one of the first small edges on the left and right sides of the load-bearing panel, and the bent portion of a steel damper, which has a flat portion and a bent portion at one end thereof, is fixed to the side of one of the pair of columns forming the frame with a second fastener, and the flat portion is accommodated in the storage groove and fixed with the first fastener, thereby making it possible to form a wooden load-bearing wall with an overall width in the structural direction that is as small as possible.

[0031] In another aspect of the wooden shear wall according to the present invention, The steel damper is characterized in that a thick steel plate thicker than the steel damper is welded to the area where the fastener is fastened.

[0032] According to this embodiment, a thick steel plate thicker than the steel damper is welded to the area of ​​the steel damper where the fasteners are fastened, thereby increasing the fastening strength (or effectiveness of the fasteners) between the components compared to when only a thin steel damper is used, which ultimately leads to a reduction in the number of fasteners required.

[0033] In another aspect of the wooden shear wall according to the present invention, The steel damper is characterized in that it has holes or slits inside.

[0034] According to this aspect, the steel damper has holes (round holes, etc.) or slits (long, thin holes, etc.) inside, which can further improve the deformation performance of the steel damper. Here, the number of holes or slits may be one or more, and if there are more than one, the holes or slits may be arranged randomly, aligned in the left-right or up-down direction, or staggered.

[0035] In another aspect of the wooden shear wall according to the present invention, The load-bearing panel is characterized in that a tapered or curved chamfered portion is provided between the second end facing the upper and lower cross members and the first end.

[0036] According to this aspect, tapered or curved chamfered portions are provided in the load-bearing panels between the second ends facing the upper and lower cross members and the first ends facing the left and right columns. In other words, when the panel is rectangular in front view, each corner is chamfered by cutting out a tapered or curved portion. This effectively prevents the corners of the load-bearing panels from sinking into the upper and lower cross members (beams or foundations) and causing both to sink and break when the frame and the load-bearing panels deform during an earthquake. Here, for example, the taper angle of the tapered chamfered portions can be set based on the deformation angle when the frame to be designed is maximized in an anticipated major earthquake and when the load-bearing panels are also maximized.

[0037] In another aspect of the wooden shear wall according to the present invention, The cross member includes a pair of upper and lower horizontal beams, the pair of horizontal beams being spaced apart in the longitudinal direction of the column and having an opening therebetween; The structure is characterized in that the load-bearing panel is attached to the upper beam and the upper cross beam, and a separate load-bearing panel is attached to the lower beam or the base and the lower cross beam.

[0038] According to this aspect, an opening is provided between a pair of pillars, and a steel damper and a load-bearing panel are placed above and below the opening, respectively, thereby forming a wooden load-bearing wall with an opening. [Effects of the Invention]

[0039] As can be understood from the above explanation, the wooden shear wall of the present invention can provide a wooden shear wall that has high deformation performance and excellent earthquake energy absorption properties. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0040] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a front view of an example of a wooden bearing wall according to the first embodiment. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a part of an example of a wooden bearing wall according to the first embodiment, in an exploded form. [Figure 3] FIG. 2(a) is a front view of an example of the steel damper shown in FIG. 1, and (b), (c), and (d) are all front views of other examples of the steel damper. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a partially exploded perspective view of another example of a wooden bearing wall according to the first embodiment. [Figure 5] FIG. 10 is a front view of another example of a steel damper that is applied to another example of the wooden shear wall according to the first embodiment. [Figure 6] FIG. 2 is a front view showing a state in which the wooden bearing wall according to the first embodiment is deformed during an earthquake. [Figure 7] FIG. 10 is a front view of an example of a wooden bearing wall according to a second embodiment. [Figure 8] FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a part of an example of a wooden bearing wall according to a second embodiment, in an exploded form. [Figure 9] FIG. 10 is a front view of an example of a wooden bearing wall according to a third embodiment. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of an example of a wooden bearing wall according to a third embodiment. [Figure 11] FIG. 10 is a front view of an example of a wooden bearing wall according to a fourth embodiment. [Figure 12] FIG. 10 is a front view of an example of a wooden bearing wall according to the fifth embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0041] An example of a wooden shear wall according to each embodiment will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In this specification and drawings, substantially identical components will be designated by the same reference numerals, and redundant explanations may be omitted.

[0042] [Wooden shear wall according to the first embodiment] First, an example of a wooden shear wall according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6. Here, FIG. 1 is a front view of an example of a wooden shear wall according to the first embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a part of the example of the wooden shear wall according to the first embodiment, exploded. FIG. 3(a) is a front view of an example of a steel damper shown in FIG. 1, and (b), (c), and (d) are all front views of other examples of steel dampers. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a part of another example of a wooden shear wall according to the first embodiment, exploded, and FIG. 5 is a front view of another example of a steel damper applied to the other example of the wooden shear wall according to the first embodiment. Furthermore, FIG. 6 is a front view showing the wooden shear wall according to the first embodiment deformed during an earthquake.

[0043] The wooden load-bearing wall 100 is formed by attaching wooden load-bearing panels 40 to the beams 20A, 20B and the columns 10A, 10B in a frame 30 consisting of a pair of columns 10A, 10B and a pair of beams 20A, 20B (an example of a cross member).

[0044] Here, the columns 10 and beams 20 may be made of wood, steel (shaped steel materials such as square steel pipes and H-shaped steel), or concrete, and therefore the frame 30 may be made of wood, steel, or concrete. It may also be a hybrid frame, in which the columns 10 are made of concrete and the beams 20 are made of steel. The lower beam 20B in the illustrated example also includes a sill (another example of a cross member). That is, if the frame 30 in the illustrated example is for the first floor, the lower cross member 20B serves as the sill, and if the frame 30 is for an upper floor (second floor or higher), both the cross members 20A and 20B serve as beams.

[0045] The wooden load-bearing panel 40 has a wooden connecting panel 40A located in the center of the frame 30 in the width direction, and wooden restraining panels 40B located on either side of the connecting panel 40A, and the restraining panel 40B is further divided into a plurality of restraining panels 40B' (four in the illustrated example) along the longitudinal direction of the column 10, and as shown in Fig. 2, two restraining panels 40B' lined up in the wall thickness direction form a pair. That is, in the illustrated example, four sets of two divided restraining panels 40B' are arranged vertically (eight panels in total) to form the restraining panels 40B.

[0046] The connecting panel 40A and the restraining panels 40B, 40B' are all made of LVL, NLT, CLT, solid wood, thinned wood, structural plywood, or the like.

[0047] The connecting panel 40A has a pair of wide surfaces 41, left and right first edges 42 extending in the longitudinal direction of the column 10, and upper and lower second edges 43 facing the upper and lower beams 20, and a tapered chamfered portion 45 is provided between the first edge 42 and the second edge 43 at an angle θ from the beam 20. In other words, the tapered chamfered portion 45 is formed by cutting out the four corners of the rectangle when viewed from the front.

[0048] As shown in FIG. 2, the left and right first small edges 42 are provided with slit-shaped receiving grooves 44 that extend across the upper and lower chamfered portions 45 and penetrate the first small edges 42 .

[0049] 1, a steel connecting plate 35 is placed above the upper beam 20A and connecting panel 40A, and the beam 20A and connecting panel 40A are joined by bolts 37 via the connecting plate 35. Similarly, a steel connecting plate 35 is placed below the lower beam 20B and connecting panel 40A, and the beam 20B and connecting panel 40A are joined by bolts 37 via the connecting plate 35.

[0050] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, there is a gap G between the left and right first ends 42 of the connecting panel 40A and the side surfaces 11 of the left and right columns 10, and the connecting panel 40A and the side surfaces 11 of the columns 10 are joined by a steel damper 50 arranged in the gap G.

[0051] The steel damper 50 is formed from a steel plate having a thickness of, for example, about 1 mm, and has a flat portion 52 and a bent portion 55 formed by bending a part of the flat portion 52 in an orthogonal direction. As shown in Fig. 3(a), the end of the flat portion 52 opposite the bent portion 55 expands vertically via a tapered portion 52b, and a plurality of fastener holes 52a are provided in this end region.

[0052] As shown in Figure 2, the end of the flat portion 52 is accommodated in the accommodation groove 44 of the connecting panel 40A, and a first fastener 60A such as a screw driven from one of the wide surfaces 41 passes through the fastener hole 52a of the flat portion 52 in the accommodation groove 44 and its tip is fastened inside the connecting panel 40A, and multiple first fasteners 60A similarly pass through corresponding fastener holes 52a and are fastened inside the connecting panel 40A, thereby fixing the steel damper 50 to the connecting panel 40A.

[0053] In the illustrated example, the flat portions 52 of four steel dampers 50 are accommodated at intervals in the vertically continuous accommodation grooves 44, and each flat portion 52 is fixed to the connecting panel 40A by a plurality of first fasteners 60A.

[0054] Meanwhile, the bent portion 55 of the steel damper 50 abuts against the side surface 11 of the column 10, and the bent portion 55 is fixed to the side surface 11 of the column 10 by driving a second fastener 60B such as a screw into the column 10 through a fastener hole (not shown) provided in the bent portion 55.

[0055] As shown in Figure 2, four steel dampers 50 are lined up at intervals in the vertical direction in each of the left and right gaps G between the left and right first edges 42 of the connecting panel 40A and the side surfaces 11 of the left and right columns 10, and the columns 10 and the connecting panel 40A are connected by the four steel dampers 50. Here, the number of steel dampers 50 can be set in various ways, such as two, three, five or more, in addition to the illustrated example, depending on the length of the accommodation groove 44, the vertical height (size) of the steel dampers 50, the spacing between the upper and lower steel dampers 50, etc.

[0056] As shown in Figure 2, a pair of restraint panels 40B' are arranged in the X1 direction across the gap G, sandwiching each steel damper 50, and as shown in Figure 1, the pair of restraint panels 40B' are fixed to each other above and below the steel damper 50 by third fasteners 60C such as screws.

[0057] Here, the first fastener 60A, the second fastener 60B, and the third fastener 60C may be nails, bolts, or the like, in addition to screws.

[0058] 2, the thickness t2 of the connecting panel 40A disposed in the center position between the pair of columns 10 is set to be approximately the same as the thickness t1 of the columns 10 or slightly smaller than the thickness of the columns 10. On the other hand, the thickness t4 of each of the constraining panels 40B' constituting the pair of constraining panels 40B sandwiching the steel damper 50 on either side of the connecting panel 40A is set to be half the thickness obtained by subtracting the thickness t3 of the steel damper from the thickness t2 of the connecting panel 40A. This makes the overall thickness of the connecting panel 40A and the pair of constraining panels 40B' sandwiching the steel damper 50 approximately the same, and this is preferable as it allows the formation of a wooden shear wall 100 with a uniform thickness across the entire shear panel 40.

[0059] In addition, in the steel damper 50 shown in Figure 3(a) which is applied to Figures 1 and 2, the end of the flat portion 52 has an end region which expands vertically via a tapered portion 52b, and the first fastener 60A passes through a fastener hole in this end region and is fixed to the connecting panel 40A, so that the end region, which is easily cut due to its fixed location, can be made less likely to be cut by the tapered portion 52b.

[0060] 3(b) and 3(c), steel dampers 50A and 50B having holes 53 and slits 54 formed in a flat portion 52 may be used instead of the steel damper 50 shown in FIG. 3(a). These steel dampers 50A and 50B can further improve the deformation performance of the damper.

[0061] Here, in addition to the illustrated example in which multiple holes 53 and slits 54 are arranged in a staggered arrangement or aligned vertically, multiple holes 53 and slits 54 may be arranged randomly, or one hole 53 or slit 54 may be provided, for example, at the center position of the flat portion 52.

[0062] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 3(d), a steel damper 50D may be applied in which thick steel plates 57, 58 having a thickness t5 that is about two to five times the thickness t3 of the flat portion 52 and the bent portion 55 are welded in the area where a fastener passes to join to another component.

[0063] Compared with a thin steel damper having a thickness of, for example, about 1 mm, the steel damper 50D increases the fastening strength (or effectiveness of the fasteners) between the components, making it possible to reduce the number of fasteners. As shown in the figure, the thick steel plate 57 has fastener holes 57a at positions corresponding to the fastener holes 52a (see FIG. 3(a)) formed in the flat portion 52.

[0064] Furthermore, instead of the configuration in which a pair of restraint panels 40B' corresponding to each steel damper 50 are arranged as shown in Figures 1 and 2, a restraint panel 40C may be applied in which two long restraint panels 40C' that restrain the entire four steel dampers 50 are arranged in the X2 direction in the gap G as shown in Figure 4.

[0065] In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the pair of restraint panels 40C' are fixed to each other by third fasteners 60C that are driven into positions above and below each steel damper 50.

[0066] Furthermore, when a long restraint panel 40C' is used as shown in Fig. 4, a steel damper 50D may be used, as shown in Fig. 5, which has long flat portions 52A and curved portions 55A in the vertical direction, similar to restraint panel 40C', instead of the four steel dampers 50 shown in Fig. 4. In Fig. 5, a large number of slits 54 are provided at intervals in the vertical direction, but instead of slits 54, a large number of holes 53 may be provided, or a form without holes or slits may be used.

[0067] As shown in Figure 6, when a horizontal force H acts on the frame 30 during an earthquake, causing the wooden shear wall 100 consisting of the frame 30, the load-bearing panel 40, and multiple steel dampers 50 to deform, a shear force S1 acting on both the upper and lower beams 20 and the load-bearing panel 40 is transmitted via the upper and lower connecting plates 35.

[0068] Furthermore, the left and right columns 10 and the central connecting panel 40A behave differently, and shear displacement may occur between them, but the multiple steel dampers 50 (four in the illustrated example) at this interface undergo shear deformation to resist the shear force S2 acting at the interface.

[0069] In this case, each steel damper 50 is restrained by a pair of restraint panels 40B', thereby suppressing out-of-plane deformation of the steel dampers 50 and forming a wood shear wall 100 with a spindle-shaped load-deformation history and excellent seismic energy absorption. When joining the steel dampers 50 to the columns 10 or connecting panels 40A with screws or the like, it is preferable to set the specifications and number of screws so that the steel dampers 50 can undergo plastic deformation first during a major earthquake.

[0070] Furthermore, since each steel damper 50 is sandwiched between a pair of wooden restraint panels 40B', the steel dampers 50 cannot be seen from the outside, thereby forming a wooden shear wall 100 with excellent external design.

[0071] Furthermore, tapered chamfered portions 45 are provided between the second end 43 of the load-bearing panel that faces the upper and lower beams 20 and the first end 42 that faces the left and right columns 10, so that when the frame 30 deforms and the load-bearing panel 40 deforms, the corners of the load-bearing panel 40 can be effectively prevented from sinking into the upper and lower beams 20, causing both to sink in and break.

[0072] Here, the method for setting the taper angle θ of the tapered chamfered portion 45 can be based on the deformation angle at which the structure 30 to be designed will be deformed to its maximum during an anticipated major earthquake, and similarly, the load-bearing panel will be deformed to its maximum.

[0073] Furthermore, even if the load-bearing panel 40 does not have a chamfered portion 45 and has a rectangular shape when viewed from the front, with a corner portion where the first end 42 and the second end 43 intersect at right angles, the chamfered portion 45 can be made unnecessary if there is no risk of the corner portion collapsing and breaking when the frame 30 is deformed.

[0074] Furthermore, when CLT is applied to the load-bearing panels in a conventional wooden load-bearing wall, the use of thick, large-sized CLT boards tends to increase material costs, but in the illustrated wooden load-bearing wall 100, the load-bearing panel 40 is divided into connecting panel 40A and restraining panel 40B (restraining panel 40B' that constitutes it), so it is possible to use wood, including relatively small-sized CLT, thereby reducing material costs.

[0075] [Wooden shear wall according to the second embodiment] Next, an example of a wooden shear wall according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 7 and Fig. 8. Here, Fig. 7 is a front view of the example of the wooden shear wall according to the second embodiment, and Fig. 8 is a perspective view showing a part of the example of the wooden shear wall according to the second embodiment in an exploded form.

[0076] The wooden bearing wall 100A in the illustrated example has a steel damper 50E with a flat portion 52B long enough to span a pair of pillars 10 and two bent portions 55B at both ends of the flat portion 52B, and the two bent portions 55B are each fixed to the side surfaces 11 of the pair of pillars 10 with second fasteners 60B. The width t11 between the pair of first edges 72 on the left and right of the bearing panel 70 is set to be the same as or approximately the same as (slightly narrower than) the width t10 between the pair of pillars 10.

[0077] The load-bearing panel 70 also has a wide surface 71 and a chamfered portion 75 between the first small edges 72 on the left and right and the second small edges 73 on the top and bottom.

[0078] As shown in Figure 8, a pair of load-bearing panels 70 are arranged in the X3 direction in the gap G between the pair of columns 10, sandwiching four steel dampers 50E that are attached so as to directly connect the pair of columns 10, and as shown in Figure 7, the two bent portions 55B are each fixed to the side surfaces 11 of the pair of columns 10 by a plurality of second fasteners 60B, the flat portion 52B of the steel damper 50E and the pair of load-bearing panels 70 are fixed by a plurality of first fasteners 60A driven into the wide surface 71 of one of the load-bearing panels 70, and further, the pair of load-bearing panels 70 are fixed to each other by third fasteners 60C driven into positions above and below each steel damper 50.

[0079] In this way, the pair of load-bearing panels 70 function as restraining panels that restrain the four steel dampers 50E.

[0080] According to the wooden shear wall 100A, the shear panel 70 is made up of only two shear panels 70A, and therefore the shear panels 70 (70A) have as simple a configuration as possible, and can restrain the flat portion 52B of the steel damper 50E while concealing the steel damper 50E.

[0081] In addition, by restraining each steel damper 50E with a pair of load-bearing panels 70, out-of-plane deformation of the steel damper 50E is suppressed, and a wooden load-bearing wall 100A with excellent seismic energy absorption properties and a spindle-shaped load-deformation history can be formed.

[0082] [Wooden shear wall according to the third embodiment] Next, an example of a wooden shear wall according to the third embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 9 and Fig. 10. Here, Fig. 9 is a front view of the example of a wooden shear wall according to the third embodiment, and Fig. 10 is a perspective view of the example of a wooden shear wall according to the third embodiment.

[0083] The illustrated wooden load-bearing wall 100B has one wooden load-bearing panel 80 arranged between a pair of pillars 10, and the width t12 between the left and right first ends 82 of the load-bearing panel 80 is the same as or approximately the same as the width t10 between the pair of pillars 10.

[0084] The load-bearing panel 80 also has a wide surface 81 and a chamfered portion 85 between first small edges 82 on the left and right and second small edges 83 on the top and bottom.

[0085] The left and right first small edges 82 are provided with storage grooves 84 extending continuously in the vertical direction, and the flat portions 52 of multiple (four in the illustrated example) steel dampers 50 are stored in the storage grooves 84 at intervals in the vertical direction, and each flat portion 52 and the load-bearing panel 80 are fixed by multiple first fasteners 60A driven in from one of the wide faces 81. In addition, the bent portion 55 of each steel damper 50 is fixed to the side surface 11 of the column 10 by second fasteners 60B, and further, the first region 81A and second region 81B of the load-bearing panel 80 separated by the storage grooves 84 are fixed by third fasteners 60C at positions above and below each flat portion 52.

[0086] In this way, one load-bearing panel 80 functions as a restraining panel that restrains eight steel dampers 50.

[0087] According to the wooden shear wall 100B, the shear panel 80 is only one shear panel, and therefore the shear panel 80 has as simple a configuration as possible, and can restrain the flat portion 52 of the steel damper 50 while concealing the steel damper 50.

[0088] Furthermore, by restraining each steel damper 50 with a load-bearing panel 80, out-of-plane deformation of the steel damper 50 is suppressed, and a wooden load-bearing wall 100B having a spindle-shaped load-deformation history and excellent seismic energy absorption properties can be formed.

[0089] [Wooden shear walls according to the fourth and fifth embodiments] Next, an example of a wooden bearing wall according to the fourth and fifth embodiments will be described with reference to Fig. 11 and Fig. 12. Here, Fig. 11 is a front view of an example of a wooden bearing wall according to the fourth embodiment, and Fig. 12 is a front view of an example of a wooden bearing wall according to the fifth embodiment.

[0090] The wooden bearing wall 100C shown in FIG. 11 has an opening 39 midway between a pair of pillars 10, and cross beams 20C (another example of cross members) above and below the opening 39.

[0091] Left and right steel dampers 50 and load-bearing panels 40 are attached between the upper beam 20A and the upper cross beam 20C, and separate left and right steel dampers 50 and load-bearing panels 40 are attached between the lower beam 20B and the lower cross beam 20C.

[0092] According to the wooden shear wall 100C, a wooden shear wall with an opening 39 can be formed inside the frame 30. Furthermore, by restraining the steel dampers 50 above and below the opening 39 with the shear panels 40, out-of-plane deformation of the steel dampers 50 is suppressed, and the wooden shear wall 100C with excellent seismic energy absorption and a spindle-shaped load-deformation history can be formed.

[0093] On the other hand, the wooden shear wall 100D shown in Figure 12 has the curved portions 55 of multiple (four in the illustrated example) steel dampers 50 fixed to one of a pair of columns 10 that make up the frame 30 with multiple second fasteners 60B, and the flat portions 52 of each steel damper 50 are accommodated in accommodation grooves 94 provided in the first end 92 of the shear panel 90, and are fixed to the shear panel 90 with multiple first fasteners 60A driven in from one wide surface 91.

[0094] Furthermore, the first region 91A and the second region 91B of the load-bearing panel 90, which are separated by the receiving groove 94, are fixed at positions above and below each flat portion 52 by third fasteners 60C.

[0095] According to the wooden shear wall 100D, the bent portion 55 of the steel damper 50 is fixed to the side surface 11 of one of the pair of columns 10 that form the frame 30 with the second fastener 60B, and the flat portion 52 is received in the receiving groove 94 and fixed with the first fastener 60A, thereby making it possible to form the wooden shear wall 100D with an overall width in the structural direction that is as small as possible. Furthermore, by restraining the steel damper 50 with the shear panel 90, out-of-plane deformation of the steel damper 50 is suppressed, making it possible to form the wooden shear wall 100D with a spindle-shaped load-deformation history and excellent seismic energy absorption.

[0096] It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the configurations shown here, and other embodiments may be possible in which other components are combined with the configurations described in the above embodiments. In this regard, the present invention can be modified within the scope of the present invention, and can be appropriately determined depending on the application form. [Explanation of symbols]

[0097] 10,10A,10B:Column 20,20A,20B: Horizontal member (beam) 20C: Horizontal beam (crosspiece) 30: Frame 35: Connecting plate 37: Bolt 39: Opening 40: Load-bearing panel 40A: Connecting panel 40B: Restraint Panel 40B': Restraint Panel 41: Wide surface 42:1st small lot 43:Second edge 44: Storage groove 45: Chamfered part 50, 50A, 50B, 50C, 50D, 50E: Steel damper 52: Flat part 52a: Fastener hole 52b: Tapered section 53: Hole 54: Slit 55: Bent section 57, 58: Thick steel plate 57a: Fastener hole 60A: First fastener 60B: Second fastener 60C: 3rd fastener 70, 70A: Load-bearing panel 71: Wide surface 72:1st small lot 73:Second edge 75: Chamfered part 80: Load-bearing panel 81: Wide surface 81A:First area 81B:Second area 82:1st small lot 83:Second edge 84: Storage groove 85: Chamfered part 90: Load-bearing panel 91: Wide surface 92:1st small lot 93:Second edge 94: Storage groove 95: Chamfered part 100,100A,100B,100C,100D: Wood load-bearing wall G: Gap H: Horizontal force S1, S2: Shear force

Claims

1. A wooden shear wall is a frame structure consisting of a pair of columns and a pair of horizontal members including a beam or a foundation, and wooden shear panels are attached to the pair of horizontal members, The load-bearing panels include a connecting panel and a restraining panel, The connecting panel is disposed with a gap between the first end on each side of the connecting panel and the pair of pillars, The first end and the side surfaces of the pair of pillars are respectively joined by steel dampers disposed in the gaps, A wooden shear wall characterized in that the steel damper is sandwiched between a pair of the restraint panels arranged in the gap.

2. The left and right first small edges are each provided with a receiving groove, One end of the steel damper is provided with a bent portion, and the other end is a flat portion, The flat portion is accommodated in the accommodation groove, and the flat portion and the connecting panel are fixed by a first fastener, The side surface of the pillar and the bent portion are fixed by a second fastener, 2. The wooden shear wall according to claim 1, wherein the pair of restraint panels are fixed by third fasteners at positions above and below the steel damper.

3. A plurality of the steel dampers are arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the column, 3. The wooden shear wall according to claim 2, wherein each of the steel dampers is sandwiched between a unique pair of the restraint panels.

4. A wooden shear wall is a frame structure consisting of a pair of columns and a pair of horizontal members including a beam or a foundation, and a pair of wooden shear panels are attached to the pair of horizontal members, The width between the pair of first ends on the left and right of the load-bearing panel is the same as or approximately the same as the width between the pair of columns, A steel damper having a flat portion and bent portions at both ends of the flat portion, wherein the two bent portions are fixed to the side surfaces of the pair of columns by second fasteners, A wooden shear wall, characterized in that the pair of shear panels sandwich the steel damper, and the flat portion and the pair of shear panels are fixed by a first fastener.

5. 5. The wooden shear wall according to claim 4, wherein the pair of shear panels are further fixed by third fasteners at positions above and below the flat portion.

6. A wooden shear wall is a frame structure consisting of a pair of columns and a pair of horizontal members including a beam or a foundation, and one wooden shear panel is attached to the pair of horizontal members, The width between the pair of first ends on the left and right of the load-bearing panel is the same as or approximately the same as the width between the pair of columns, The first small end is provided with a receiving groove, A steel damper having a flat portion and a bent portion at one end of the flat portion, the bent portion being fixed to the side surface of the column by a second fastener, A wooden shear wall, characterized in that the flat portion is received in the receiving groove, and the flat portion and the shear panel are fixed by a first fastener.

7. 7. A wooden shear wall as described in claim 6, wherein the area of ​​the load-bearing panel where the storage groove is provided comprises a first area and a second area separated by the storage groove, and the first area and the second area are fixed by third fasteners at positions above and below the flat portion.

8. A wooden shear wall is a frame structure consisting of a pair of columns and a pair of horizontal members including a beam or a foundation, and a pair of wooden shear panels are attached to the pair of horizontal members, A receiving groove is provided in one of the left and right first small edges of the load-bearing panel, A steel damper having a flat portion and a bent portion at one end of the flat portion, the flat portion being accommodated in the accommodation groove, and the flat portion and the load-bearing panel being fixed by a first fastener, A wooden shear wall, characterized in that the side surface of one of the pair of columns and the bent portion are fixed by a second fastener.

9. A wooden shear wall according to any one of claims 2, 4, 6 and 8, characterized in that a thick steel plate thicker than the steel damper is welded to the area of ​​the steel damper where the fastener is attached.

10. 9. The wooden bearing wall according to claim 2, wherein the steel damper has holes or slits therein.

11. A wooden shear wall as described in any one of claims 2, 4, 6, and 8, characterized in that a tapered or curved chamfered portion is provided between the second end of the shear panel that faces the upper and lower cross members and the first end.

12. The cross member includes a pair of upper and lower horizontal beams, the pair of horizontal beams being spaced apart in the longitudinal direction of the column and having an opening therebetween; A wooden shear wall according to any one of claims 2, 4, 6 and 8, characterized in that the load-bearing panel is attached to the upper beam and the upper cross-bar, and a separate load-bearing panel is attached to the lower beam or the base and the lower cross-bar.

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