Techniques for Using Data Collected by a Wearable Device to Control Other Devices - Patent application

Abstract

Methods, systems, and devices for controlling external devices are described. The method may include receiving physiological data associated with a user from a wearable device and identifying one or more physiological states, physical activities, or both associated with the user based on the physiological data. The physiological states may include physiological states associated with wakefulness, sleep onset, anxiety, relaxation, etc. The method may further include transmitting instructions to one or more external devices based on the one or more physiological states, physical activities, or both, the instructions being configured to selectively modify one or more operating parameters associated with the one or more external devices.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] [Cross reference] This patent application is a joint venture between the Japanese Patent Office and the US Patent and Trademark Office, and is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. No. 18 / 147,392 by Singleton et al., entitled “TECHNIQUES FOR USING DATA COLLECTED BY WEARABLE DEVICES TO CONTROL OTHER DEVICES” filed on December 30, 2021, and U.S. Patent Application No. 18 / 147,392 by Singleton et al., entitled “TECHNIQUES FOR USING DATA COLLECTED BY WEARABLE DEVICES TO CONTROL OTHER DEVICES” filed on December 30, 2021. This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 295,130 by Singleton et al., entitled "METHOD FOR OTHER DEVICES," which is assigned to the assignee of the present application and expressly incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] [Technical field] The following relates to wearable devices and data processing, including techniques for using data collected by the wearable devices to control other devices. [Background technology]

[0003] Some wearable devices may be configured to collect data from a user, such as motion data, temperature data, photoplethysmography (PPG) data, and the like, associated with the user's heart rate. However, health-related insights regarding the collected physiological data may be of little use if the user does not view or act on the health-related insights. As such, some techniques for collecting and displaying physiological data may be improved. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0004] [Figure 1]1 illustrates an example of a system that supports techniques for controlling other devices using data collected by a wearable device, according to aspects of the present disclosure. [Diagram 2] 1 illustrates an example of a system that supports techniques for controlling other devices using data collected by a wearable device, according to aspects of the present disclosure. [Diagram 3] 1 illustrates an example of a system that supports techniques for controlling other devices using data collected by a wearable device, according to aspects of the present disclosure. [Figure 4] 1 illustrates an example of a graphical user interface (GUI) that supports techniques for controlling other devices using data collected by a wearable device, according to aspects of the present disclosure. [Diagram 5] FIG. 1 illustrates a block diagram of an apparatus supporting techniques for controlling other devices using data collected by a wearable device, according to aspects of the disclosure. [Figure 6] FIG. 1 illustrates a block diagram of a wearable application supporting techniques for controlling other devices using data collected by a wearable device, according to aspects of the disclosure. [Figure 7] FIG. 1 illustrates a diagram of a system including a device that supports techniques for controlling other devices using data collected by a wearable device, according to aspects of the disclosure. [Figure 8] 1 shows a flowchart illustrating a method for supporting techniques for controlling other devices using data collected by a wearable device, according to aspects of the disclosure. [Figure 9] 1 shows a flowchart illustrating a method for supporting techniques for controlling other devices using data collected by a wearable device, according to aspects of the disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0005] A user may use a device (e.g., a wearable device) to determine physiological measurements of the user, such as temperature, heart rate, respiration rate, photoplethysmography (PPG) data, etc. Physiological data collected via the wearable device may be used to gain insight into the user's sleep patterns and overall health. For example, motion and temperature data may be used to evaluate the user's sleep to determine how restful the sleep is and how beneficial (or detrimental) the user's sleep is to the user's overall health.

[0006] However, health-related insights regarding collected physiological data may be of little use if the user does not view or act on the health-related insights. For example, a wearable device may collect physiological data indicating that the user is sleep deprived and may display a message to the user indicating the lack of sleep. In this example, the collected physiological data and the associated message (e.g., the message indicating the lack of sleep) may be of little use if the user does not view the message or if the user does not take action to adjust his or her behavior or environment in an attempt to improve the lack of sleep. In other words, if the collected physiological data is not accompanied by some action taken in response to the collected physiological data, the physiological data may be of little value by itself.

[0007] Accordingly, aspects of the present disclosure are directed to systems and methods that utilize physiological data collected via a wearable device to selectively control external devices associated with a user's surroundings. In particular, aspects of the present disclosure may identify physiological conditions and / or physical activities associated with a user based on the acquired physiological data, and may instruct external devices (e.g., televisions, stereos, lights, thermostats, humidifiers, air purifiers) to adjust operating parameters of the respective external devices based on the identified physiological conditions and / or physical activities. In this regard, aspects of the present disclosure may enable a system to selectively adjust characteristics of a user's surroundings (e.g., temperature, humidity, light, sound) based on the acquired physiological data to improve the user's sleep and overall health.

[0008] For example, the system may determine that a user has fallen asleep (e.g., detect a physiological state associated with falling asleep) based on physiological data collected via the wearable device. In this example, the system may transmit instructions to the external device to adjust operational parameters to optimize the user's surrounding environment to enhance sleep quality. For example, the system may transmit instructions to turn off the television, dim the lights in the user's bedroom, and lower the temperature in the user's home to make the user's environment optimal for sleep. As another example, upon detecting that the user is engaged in physical activity based on the acquired physiological data, the system may transmit instructions to modify operational parameters of the external device based on the detected activity. In this example, the instructions may be configured to adjust the volume of music played during physical activity, adjust the type of music played during physical activity, activate a sauna or whirlpool to promote recovery after a workout, or any combination thereof.

[0009] Aspects of the present disclosure are first described in the context of a system supporting physiological data collection from a user via a wearable device. Aspects are then described with reference to an exemplary graphical user interface (GUI). Aspects of the present disclosure are further illustrated by and described with reference to apparatus diagrams, system diagrams, and flow charts relating to techniques for controlling other devices using data collected by a wearable device.

[0010] 1 illustrates an example of a system 100 that supports techniques for controlling other devices using data collected by a wearable device, according to aspects of the present disclosure. The system 100 includes multiple electronic devices (e.g., a wearable device 104, a user device 106) that can be worn and / or operated by one or more users 102. The system 100 further includes a network 108 and one or more servers 110.

[0011] The electronic devices may include any electronic devices known in the art, such as wearable devices 104 (e.g., ring wearable devices, watch wearable devices, etc.), user devices 106 (e.g., smartphones, laptops, tablets), etc. The electronic devices associated with each user 102 may include one or more of the following functions: 1) measuring physiological data, 2) storing the measured data, 3) processing data, 4) providing output to the user 102 (e.g., via a GUI) based on the processed data, and 5) communicating data with each other and / or other computing devices. Different electronic devices may perform one or more of these functions.

[0012] Exemplary wearable devices 104 may include wearable computing devices such as a ring computing device (hereinafter, “ring”) configured to be worn on a finger of the user 102, a wrist computing device (e.g., a smart watch, fitness band, or bracelet) configured to be worn on the wrist of the user 102, and / or a head-mounted computing device (e.g., glasses / goggles). The wearable devices 104 may also include bands, straps (e.g., flexible or non-flexible bands or straps), stick-on sensors, etc., which may be placed in other locations such as bands around the head (e.g., a forehead headband), bands around the arms (e.g., a forearm band and / or a bicep band), and / or bands around the legs (e.g., a thigh or calf band), behind the ear, under the armpit, etc. The wearable devices 104 may be attached to or included in clothing. For example, the wearable devices 104 may be included in a pocket and / or pouch of the clothing. As another example, the wearable device 104 may be clipped and / or pinned to clothing or otherwise held within proximity of the user 102. Examples of clothing items may include, but are not limited to, hats, shirts, gloves, pants, socks, outerwear (e.g., jackets), and underwear. In some implementations, the wearable device 104 may be included in other types of devices, such as training / sports devices used during physical activity. For example, the wearable device 104 may be attached to or included in a bicycle, skis, tennis racket, golf club, and / or training weights.

[0013] Much of the present disclosure may be described in the context of a ring wearable device 104. Thus, the terms "ring 104," "wearable device 104," and the like may be used interchangeably unless otherwise noted herein. However, use of the term "ring 104" should not be considered limiting, as it is contemplated herein that aspects of the present disclosure may be implemented using other wearable devices (e.g., watch wearable devices, necklace wearable devices, bracelet wearable devices, earring wearable devices, anklet wearable devices, etc.).

[0014] In some aspects, the user devices 106 may include handheld mobile computing devices such as smartphones and tablet computing devices. The user devices 106 may also include personal computers such as laptops and desktop computing devices. Other exemplary user devices 106 may include server computing devices that may communicate with other electronic devices (e.g., via the Internet). In some implementations, the computing devices may include medical devices such as external wearable computing devices (e.g., Holter monitors). Medical devices may also include implantable medical devices such as pacemakers and cardioverter defibrillators. Other exemplary user devices 106 may include home computing devices such as Internet of Things (IoT) devices (e.g., IoT devices), smart TVs, smart speakers, smart displays (e.g., video calling displays), hubs (e.g., wireless communication hubs), security systems, smart appliances (e.g., thermostats and refrigerators), and fitness equipment.

[0015] Some electronic devices (e.g., wearable device 104, user device 106) may measure physiological parameters of each user 102, such as PPG waveform, continuous skin temperature, pulse waveform, respiration rate, heart rate, heart rate variability (HRV), actigraphy, galvanic skin response, pulse oximetry, and / or other physiological parameters. Some electronic devices that measure physiological parameters may also perform some / all of the calculations described herein. Some electronic devices may not measure physiological parameters and may perform some / all of the calculations described herein. For example, a ring (e.g., wearable device 104), a mobile terminal application, or a server computing device may process received physiological data measured by other devices.

[0016] In some implementations, the user 102 may operate or be associated with multiple electronic devices, some of which may measure physiological parameters and some of which may process the measured physiological parameters. In some implementations, the user 102 may have a ring (e.g., wearable device 104) that measures physiological parameters. The user 102 may also have or be associated with a user device 106 (e.g., a mobile terminal, a smartphone), where the wearable device 104 and the user device 106 are communicatively coupled to each other. In some cases, the user device 106 may receive data from the wearable device 104 and perform some / all of the calculations described herein. In some implementations, the user device 106 may also measure physiological parameters described herein, such as motion / activity parameters.

[0017] For example, as shown in FIG. 1, a first user 102-a (user 1) may operate or be associated with a wearable device 104-a (e.g., ring 104-a) and a user device 106-a, which may operate as described herein. In this example, the user device 106-a associated with the user 102-a may process / store physiological parameters measured by the ring 104-a. In comparison, a second user 102-b (user 2) may be associated with a ring 104-b, a watch wearable device 104-c (e.g., watch 104-c), and a user device 106-b, and the user device 106-b associated with the user 102-b may process / store physiological parameters measured by the ring 104-b and / or watch 104-c. Additionally, an nth user 102-n (user N) may be associated with an arrangement of electronic devices (e.g., ring 104-n, user device 106-n) described herein. In some aspects, the wearable devices 104 (e.g., ring 104, watch 104) and other electronic devices may be communicatively coupled to the user device 106 of each user 102 via Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, and other wireless protocols.

[0018] In some implementations, the ring 104 (e.g., wearable device 104) of the system 100 may be configured to collect physiological data from each user 102 based on arterial blood flow in the user's finger. In particular, the ring 104 may utilize one or more LEDs (e.g., red LEDs, green LEDs) that emit light to the palm side of the user's finger to collect physiological data based on arterial blood flow in the user's finger. In some implementations, the ring 104 may use a combination of both green and red LEDs to obtain physiological data. The physiological data may include any physiological data known in the art, including, but not limited to, temperature data, accelerometer data (e.g., movement / motion data), heart rate data, HRV data, blood oxygen level data, or any combination thereof.

[0019] The use of both green and red LEDs may provide several advantages over other solutions, since red and green LEDs have been found to each have their own distinct advantages when acquiring physiological data through different parts of the body under different conditions (e.g., light / dark, active / inactive). For example, green LEDs have been found to perform better during exercise. Furthermore, the use of multiple LEDs (e.g., green and red LEDs) distributed around the ring 104 has been found to perform better compared to wearable devices that utilize LEDs placed close to each other, such as in a watch wearable device. Furthermore, blood vessels (e.g., arteries, capillaries) in the fingers are easier to access via LEDs compared to blood vessels in the wrist. In particular, the arteries in the wrist are located on the lower part of the wrist (e.g., the palm side of the wrist), which means that capillaries are only accessible on the upper part of the wrist (e.g., the back side of the wrist) where wearable watch devices and similar devices are typically worn. In this manner, the use of LEDs and other sensors within the ring 104 has been found to provide superior performance compared to wearable devices worn on the wrist, as the ring 104 has greater access to the arteries (compared to capillaries), which can result in a stronger signal and more informative physiological data.

[0020] The electronic devices (e.g., user device 106, wearable device 104) of the system 100 may be communicatively coupled to one or more servers 110 via wired or wireless communication protocols. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the electronic devices (e.g., user device 106) may be communicatively coupled to one or more servers 110 via a network 108. The network 108 may implement a Transport Control Protocol and Internet Protocol (TCP / IP), such as the Internet, or other network 108 protocols. The network connection between the network 108 and the respective electronic devices may facilitate the transfer of data via e-mail, web, text message, mail, or any other suitable form of interaction within the computer network 108. For example, in some implementations, the ring 104-a associated with the first user 102-a may be communicatively coupled to the user device 106-a, which is communicatively coupled to the server 110 via the network 108. In additional or alternative cases, the wearable device 104 (e.g., ring 104, watch 104) may be communicatively coupled directly to the network 108.

[0021] The system 100 may provide on-demand database services between the user device 106 and one or more servers 110. In some cases, the servers 110 may receive data from the user device 106 over the network 108 and may store and analyze the data. Similarly, the servers 110 may provide data to the user device 106 over the network 108. In some cases, the servers 110 may be located in one or more data centers. The servers 110 may be used for data storage, management, and processing. In some implementations, the servers 110 may provide a web-based interface to the user device 106 via a web browser.

[0022] In some aspects, the system 100 may detect periods during which the user 102 is asleep and classify the periods during which the user 102 is asleep into one or more sleep stages (e.g., sleep stage classification). For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the user 102-a may be associated with a wearable device 104-a (e.g., ring 104-a) and a user device 106-a. In this example, the ring 104-a may collect physiological data associated with the user 102-a, including temperature, heart rate, HRV, respiration rate, etc. In some aspects, the data collected by the ring 104-a may be input into a machine learning classifier, which is configured to determine periods during which the user 102-a is asleep (or was asleep). Furthermore, the machine learning classifier may be configured to classify the periods into different sleep stages, including a wake sleep stage, a rapid eye movement (REM) sleep stage, a light sleep stage (non-REM), and a deep sleep stage (NREM). In some aspects, the classified sleep stages may be displayed to the user 102-a via a GUI of the user device 106-a. The sleep stage classification may be used to provide the user 102-a with feedback regarding the user's sleep patterns, such as a recommended bedtime, a recommended wake-up time, etc. Additionally, in some implementations, the sleep stage classification techniques described herein may be used to calculate a score for each user, such as a Sleep Score, a Readiness Score, etc.

[0023] In some aspects, the system 100 may utilize features derived from circadian rhythms to further improve physiological data collection, data processing procedures, and other techniques described herein. The term circadian rhythm may refer to a natural internal process that regulates an individual's sleep-wake cycle, which repeats approximately every 24 hours. In this regard, the techniques described herein may utilize a circadian rhythm adjustment model to improve physiological data collection, analysis, and data processing. For example, the circadian rhythm adjustment model may be input into a machine learning classifier along with physiological data collected from the user 102-a via the wearable device 104-a. In this example, the circadian rhythm adjustment model may be configured to "weight" or adjust the physiological data collected throughout the user's natural approximately 24-hour circadian rhythm. In some implementations, the system may initially start with a "baseline" circadian rhythm adjustment model and use physiological data collected from each user 102 to modify the baseline model and generate an adjusted individual circadian rhythm adjustment model specific to each respective user 102.

[0024] In some embodiments, the system 100 may utilize other biological rhythms to further improve physiological data collection, analysis, and processing according to the phases of these other rhythms. For example, if a weekly rhythm is detected in an individual's baseline data, the model may be configured to adjust the "weight" of the data by day of the week. Biological rhythms that may require adjustment of the model in this manner include: 1) ultradian (rhythms faster than a day, including sleep cycles during sleep states and oscillations with periodicity of less than an hour to several hours in the measured physiological variables during wakefulness), 2) circadian rhythms, 3) non-endogenous diurnal rhythms that have been shown to be imposed on circadian rhythms, such as work schedules, 4) weekly rhythms or other artificial time periodicities that are exogenously imposed (e.g., a hypothetical culture with a 12-day "week" might use a 12-day rhythm), 5) daily ovarian rhythms in women and spermatogenic rhythms in men, 6) lunar rhythms (relevant to people living with little or no artificial light), and 7) seasonal rhythms.

[0025] Biological rhythms are not necessarily stationary rhythms. For example, many women experience variability in ovarian cycle length from cycle to cycle, and ultradian rhythms are not expected to occur at exactly the same time or periodicity across days, even within a user. Therefore, signal processing techniques sufficient to quantify the frequency content while maintaining the time resolution of these rhythms in the physiological data may be used to improve the detection of these rhythms, assigning the phase of each rhythm to each measured time point, and thereby modifying the adjustment models and comparison of time intervals. Biological rhythm adjustment models and parameters may be added in linear or nonlinear combinations as needed to more accurately capture the dynamic physiological baseline of an individual or group of individuals.

[0026] In some aspects, each device of the system 100 may support techniques for selectively controlling external devices associated with the user's surrounding environment utilizing physiological data collected via the wearable device. In particular, each component of the system 100 may be configured to identify physiological conditions and / or physical activities associated with the user 102 based on the acquired physiological data, and to instruct the external devices (e.g., television, stereo, lights, thermostat, humidifier, air purifier) ​​to adjust operating parameters of the respective external devices based on the identified physiological conditions and / or physical activities. In this regard, the system 100 may be configured to selectively adjust characteristics of the user's surrounding environment (e.g., temperature, humidity, light, sound, air quality) based on the acquired physiological data to improve the user's sleep and overall health.

[0027] It should be understood by those skilled in the art that one or more aspects of the present disclosure may additionally or alternatively be implemented in the system 100 to solve problems other than those described above. Furthermore, aspects of the present disclosure may provide technical improvements over "conventional" systems or processes as described herein. However, the description and accompanying drawings only include exemplary technical improvements resulting from implementing aspects of the present disclosure, and therefore do not necessarily represent all of the technical improvements provided within the scope of the claims.

[0028] 2 illustrates an example of a system 200 that supports techniques for controlling other devices using data collected by a wearable device, according to aspects of the present disclosure. System 200 may implement or be implemented by system 100. In particular, system 200 illustrates an example of a ring 104 (e.g., wearable device 104), a user device 106, and a server 110, as described with reference to FIG.

[0029] In some embodiments, the ring 104 may be configured to be worn on a user's finger and may determine one or more user physiological parameters when worn on the user's finger. Exemplary measurements and determinations may include, but are not limited to, user skin temperature, pulse waveform, respiratory rate, heart rate, HRV, blood oxygen level, and the like.

[0030] The system 200 further includes a user device 106 (e.g., a smartphone) that communicates with the ring 104. For example, the ring 104 may be in wireless and / or wired communication with the user device 106. In some implementations, the ring 104 may transmit measured and processed data (e.g., temperature data, PPG data, motion / accelerometer data, ring input data, etc.) to the user device 106. The user device 106 may also transmit data to the ring 104, such as firmware / configuration updates for the ring 104. The user device 106 may process the data. In some implementations, the user device 106 may transmit the data to the server 110 for processing and / or storage.

[0031] The ring 104 may include a housing 205, which may include an inner housing 205-a and an outer housing 205-b. In some embodiments, the housing 205 of the ring 104 may house or otherwise contain various components of the ring, including, but not limited to, the device electronics, a power source (e.g., a battery 210, and / or a capacitor), one or more substrates (e.g., printable circuit boards) that interconnect the device electronics and / or the power source, and the like. The device electronics may include device modules (e.g., hardware / software) such as a processing module 230-a, a memory 215, a communication module 220-a, a power module 225, and the like. The device electronics may also include one or more sensors. Exemplary sensors may include one or more temperature sensors 240, a PPG sensor assembly (e.g., a PPG system 235), and one or more motion sensors 245.

[0032] The sensors may include associated modules (not shown) configured to communicate with the respective components / modules of the ring 104 and generate signals associated with the respective sensors. In some aspects, each of the components / modules of the ring 104 may be communicatively coupled to one another via a wired or wireless connection. Additionally, the ring 104 may include additional and / or alternative sensors or other components configured to collect physiological data from the user, including light sensors (e.g., LEDs), oximeters, etc.

[0033] The ring 104 shown and described with reference to FIG. 2 is provided for illustrative purposes only. As such, the ring 104 may include additional or alternative components such as those shown in FIG. 2. Other rings 104 may be manufactured that provide the functionality described herein. For example, rings 104 may be manufactured with fewer components (e.g., sensors). In a specific example, a ring 104 may be manufactured with a single temperature sensor 240 (or other sensor), a power source, and device electronics configured to read the single temperature sensor 240 (or other sensor). In another specific example, the temperature sensor 240 (or other sensor) may be attached to a user's finger (e.g., using a clamp, a spring-loaded clamp, etc.). In this case, the sensor may be wired to another computing device, such as a wrist-worn computing device that reads the temperature sensor 240 (or other sensor). In other examples, rings 104 may be manufactured that include additional sensors and processing capabilities.

[0034] The housing 205 may include one or more housing 205 components. The housing 205 may include an outer housing 205-b component (e.g., a shell) and an inner housing 205-a component (e.g., a molding). The housing 205 may include additional components (e.g., additional layers) not explicitly shown in FIG. 2. For example, in some implementations, the ring 104 may include one or more insulating layers that electrically insulate the device electronics and other conductive materials (e.g., electrical traces) from the outer housing 205-b (e.g., the metal outer housing 205-b). The housing 205 may provide structural support to the device electronics, the battery 210, the substrate(s), and other components. For example, the housing 205 may protect the device electronics, the battery 210, and the substrate(s) from mechanical forces such as pressure and impact. The housing 205 may also protect the device electronics, the battery 210, and the substrate(s) from water and / or other chemicals.

[0035] The outer housing 205-b may be fabricated from one or more materials. In some implementations, the outer housing 205-b may include a metal such as titanium, which may provide strength and wear resistance while being relatively lightweight. The outer housing 205-b may also be manufactured from other materials, such as polymers. In some implementations, the outer housing 205-b may be decorative as well as protective.

[0036] The inner housing 205-a may be configured to interface with a user's finger. The inner housing 205-a may be formed from a polymer (e.g., a medical grade polymer) or other material. In some implementations, the inner housing 205-a may be transparent. For example, the inner housing 205-a may be transparent to light emitted by a PPG light emitting diode (LED). In some implementations, the inner housing 205-a components may be molded onto the outer housing 205-b. For example, the inner housing 205-a may include a polymer molded (e.g., injection molded) to fit into the metal shell of the outer housing 205-b.

[0037] The ring 104 may include one or more substrates (not shown). The device electronics and battery 210 may be included on the one or more substrates. For example, the device electronics and battery 210 may be mounted on one or more substrates. Exemplary substrates may include one or more printed circuit boards (PCBs), such as a flexible PCB (e.g., polyimide). In some implementations, the electronics / battery 210 may include surface mounted devices (e.g., surface mount technology (SMT) devices) on a flexible PCB. In some implementations, the one or more substrates (e.g., one or more flexible PCBs) may include electrical traces that provide electrical communication between the device electronics. The electrical traces may also connect the battery 210 to the device electronics.

[0038] The device electronics, battery 210, and substrate may be arranged in a variety of ways within the ring 104. In some implementations, one substrate containing the device electronics may be mounted along the bottom (e.g., bottom half) of the ring 104 such that the sensors (e.g., PPG system 235, temperature sensor 240, motion sensor 245, and other sensors) interface with the underside of the user's finger. In these implementations, the battery 210 may be included (e.g., on a separate substrate) along an upper portion of the ring 104.

[0039] The various components / modules of ring 104 represent functions (e.g., circuits and other components) that may be included in ring 104. A module may include any discrete and / or integrated electronic circuit components implementing analog and / or digital circuits capable of producing the functions attributed to the module herein. For example, a module may include analog circuitry (e.g., amplification circuitry, filtering circuitry, analog-to-digital conversion circuitry, and / or other signal conditioning circuitry). A module may also include digital circuitry (e.g., combinational or sequential logic circuitry, memory circuitry, etc.).

[0040] The memory 215 (memory module) of the ring 104 may include any volatile, non-volatile, magnetic, or electrical media, such as random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), non-volatile RAM (NVRAM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), flash memory, or any other memory device. The memory 215 may store any of the data described herein. For example, the memory 215 may be configured to store data (e.g., motion data, temperature data, PPG data) collected by the respective sensors and the PPG system 235. Additionally, the memory 215 may include instructions that, when executed by one or more processing circuits, cause the modules to perform various functions attributed to the modules herein. The device electronics of the ring 104 described herein are merely exemplary device electronics. As such, the types of electronic components used to implement the device electronics may vary based on design considerations.

[0041] The functionality attributed to the modules of the ring 104 described herein may be embodied as one or more processors, hardware, firmware, software, or any combination thereof. The depiction of different features as modules is intended to highlight different functional aspects and does not necessarily imply that such modules must be realized by separate hardware / software components. Rather, functionality associated with one or more modules may be performed by separate hardware / software components or integrated within a common hardware / software component.

[0042] The processing module 230-a of the ring 104 may include one or more processors (e.g., processing units), microcontrollers, digital signal processors, systems on chips (SoCs), and / or other processing devices. The processing module 230-a communicates with the modules included in the ring 104. For example, the processing module 230-a may send / receive data to / from the modules and other components of the ring 104, such as sensors. As described herein, the modules may be implemented by various circuit components. Thus, the modules may also be referred to as circuits (e.g., communication circuits and power circuits).

[0043] The processing module 230-a may be in communication with the memory 215. The memory 215 may include computer-readable instructions that, when executed by the processing module 230-a, cause the processing module 230-a to perform various functions attributed to the processing module 230-a herein. In some implementations, the processing module 230-a (e.g., a microcontroller) may include additional features associated with other modules, such as communication capabilities provided by the communication module 220-a (e.g., an integrated Bluetooth Low Energy transceiver) and / or additional on-board memory 215.

[0044] The communication module 220-a may include circuitry to provide wireless and / or wired communication with the user device 106 (e.g., the communication module 220-b of the user device 106). In some implementations, the communication modules 220-a, 220-b may include wireless communication circuitry, such as Bluetooth circuitry and / or Wi-Fi circuitry. In some implementations, the communication modules 220-a, 220-b may include wired communication circuitry, such as Universal Serial Bus (USB) communication circuitry. Using the communication module 220-a, the ring 104 and the user device 106 may be configured to communicate with each other. The processing module 230-a of the ring may be configured to send / receive data to / from the user device 106 via the communication module 220-a. Exemplary data may include, but are not limited to, motion data, temperature data, pulse waveforms, heart rate data, HRV data, PPG data, and status updates (e.g., charging status, battery charge level, and / or ring 104 configuration settings). The ring processing module 230-a may also be configured to receive updates (eg, software / firmware updates) and data from the user device 106.

[0045] The ring 104 may include a battery 210 (e.g., a rechargeable battery 210). An exemplary battery 210 may include a lithium ion or lithium polymer type battery 210, although various battery 210 options are possible. The battery 210 may be wirelessly charged. In some implementations, the ring 104 may include a power source other than the battery 210, such as a capacitor. The power source (e.g., the battery 210 or capacitor) may have a curved geometry that matches the curvature of the ring 104. In some aspects, the charger or other power source may include additional sensors that may be used to collect data in addition to or supplemental to data collected by the ring 104 itself. Additionally, the charger or other power source for the ring 104 may function as a user device 106, in which case the charger or other power source for the ring 104 may be configured to receive data from the ring 104, store and / or process data received from the ring 104, and communicate data between the ring 104 and the server 110.

[0046] In some aspects, the ring 104 includes a power module 225 that may control charging of the battery 210. For example, the power module 225 may interface with an external wireless charger that charges the battery 210 when interfaced with the ring 104. The charger may include a reference structure that mates with the ring 104 reference structure to create a specified orientation with the ring 104 during 104 charging. The power module 225 may also regulate the voltage(s) of the device electronics, regulate the power output to the device electronics, and monitor the state of charge of the battery 210. In some implementations, the battery 210 may include a protection circuit module (PCM) that protects the battery 210 from high current discharge, overvoltage during 104 charging, and undervoltage during 104 discharging. The power module 225 may also include electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection.

[0047] One or more temperature sensors 240 may be electrically coupled to the processing module 230-a. The temperature sensor 240 may be configured to generate a temperature signal (e.g., temperature data) indicative of a temperature read or sensed by the temperature sensor 240. The processing module 230-a may determine the temperature of the user at the location of the temperature sensor 240. For example, in the ring 104, the temperature data generated by the temperature sensor 240 may indicate the user's temperature (e.g., skin temperature) at the user's finger. In some implementations, the temperature sensor 240 may contact the user's skin. In other implementations, a portion of the housing 205 (e.g., the inner housing 205-a) may form a barrier (e.g., a thin thermally conductive barrier) between the temperature sensor 240 and the user's skin. In some implementations, the portion of the ring 104 configured to contact the user's finger may have a thermally conductive portion and a thermally insulating portion. The thermally conductive portion may conduct heat from the user's finger to the temperature sensor 240. The thermally insulating portion may insulate portions of the ring 104 (eg, the temperature sensor 240) from the ambient temperature.

[0048] In some implementations, the temperature sensor 240 may generate a digital signal (e.g., temperature data) that the processing module 230-a may use to determine the temperature. As another example, if the temperature sensor 240 includes a passive sensor, the processing module 230-a (or the temperature sensor 240 module) may measure the current / voltage generated by the temperature sensor 240 and determine the temperature based on the measured current / voltage. Exemplary temperature sensors 240 may include thermistors, such as negative temperature coefficient (NTC) thermistors, or other types of sensors including resistors, transistors, diodes, and / or other electrical / electronic components.

[0049] The processing module 230-a may sample the user's temperature over time. For example, the processing module 230-a may sample the user's temperature according to a sampling rate. An exemplary sampling rate may include 1 sample / second, although the processing module 230-a may be configured to sample the temperature signal at other sampling rates higher or lower than 1 sample / second. In some implementations, the processing module 230-a may sample the user's temperature continuously throughout the day and night. Sampling at a sufficient rate (e.g., 1 sample / second) throughout the day may provide sufficient temperature data for the analysis described herein.

[0050] The processing module 230-a may store the sampled temperature data in the memory 215. In some implementations, the processing module 230-a may process the sampled temperature data. For example, the processing module 230-a may determine an average temperature value over a period of time. In one example, the processing module 230-a may determine an average temperature value every minute by summing all temperature values ​​collected in a minute and dividing by the number of samples in that minute. In a particular example where the temperature is sampled at 1 sample / second, the average temperature may be the sum of all sampled temperatures in a minute divided by 60 seconds. The memory 215 may store the average temperature values ​​over time. In some implementations, the memory 215 may store the average temperature instead of the sampled temperatures (e.g., 1 per minute) to conserve the memory 215.

[0051] The sampling rate, which may be stored in memory 215, may be configurable. In some implementations, the sampling rate may be the same throughout the day and night. In other implementations, the sampling rate may be changed throughout the day / night. In some implementations, the ring 104 may filter / reject temperature readings, such as large spikes in temperature that are not indicative of a physiological change (e.g., a temperature spike from a hot shower). In some implementations, the ring 104 may filter / reject temperature readings that may be unreliable due to other factors, such as excessive movement during 104 exercise (e.g., as indicated by the motion sensor 245).

[0052] The ring 104 (e.g., a communications module) may transmit the sampled and / or average temperature data to the user device 106 for storage and / or further processing. The user device 106 may forward the sampled and / or average temperature data to the server 110 for storage and / or further processing.

[0053] Although the ring 104 is shown as including a single temperature sensor 240, the ring 104 may include multiple temperature sensors 240 in one or more locations, such as disposed along the inner housing 205-a near the user's finger. In some implementations, the temperature sensor 240 may be a stand-alone temperature sensor 240. Additionally or alternatively, the one or more temperature sensors 240 may be included with (e.g., packaged with) other components, such as an accelerometer and / or a processor.

[0054] The processing module 230-a may obtain and process data from multiple temperature sensors 240 in a manner similar to that described with respect to a single temperature sensor 240. For example, the processing module 230 may sample, average, and store temperature data from each of the multiple temperature sensors 240 individually. In other examples, the processing module 230-a may sample the sensors at different rates and average / store different values ​​for the different sensors. In some implementations, the processing module 230-a may be configured to determine a single temperature based on an average of two or more temperatures determined by two or more temperature sensors 240 at different locations on the finger.

[0055] The temperature sensor 240 on the ring 104 may acquire a distal temperature at a user's finger (e.g., any finger). For example, one or more temperature sensors 240 on the ring 104 may acquire the user's temperature from the underside of the finger or at different locations on the finger. In some implementations, the ring 104 may continuously acquire the distal temperature (e.g., at a sampling rate). Although distal temperatures measured at the finger by the ring 104 are described herein, other devices may measure temperatures at the same / different locations. In some cases, the distal temperature measured at the user's finger may differ from the temperature measured at the user's wrist or other external body location. Additionally, the distal temperature measured at the user's finger (e.g., "shell" temperature) may differ from the user's core temperature. As such, the ring 104 may provide a useful temperature signal that may not be acquired at other internal / external locations on the body. In some cases, continuous temperature measurements at the finger may capture temperature fluctuations (e.g., small or large fluctuations) that may not be evident in the core temperature. For example, continuous temperature measurements at a finger can capture minute-by-minute or hour-by-hour temperature fluctuations, providing additional insight that may not be provided by other temperature measurements elsewhere on the body.

[0056] The ring 104 may include a PPG system 235. The PPG system 235 may include one or more optical transmitters that transmit light. The PPG system 235 may also include one or more optical receivers that receive light transmitted by the one or more optical transmitters. The optical receiver may generate a signal (hereinafter, a "PPG" signal) that indicates the amount of light received by the optical receiver. The optical transmitter may illuminate an area of ​​the user's finger. The PPG signal generated by the PPG system 235 may indicate blood perfusion in the illuminated area. For example, the PPG signal may indicate changes in blood volume in the illuminated area caused by the user's pulse pressure. The processing module 230-a may sample the PPG signal and determine the user's pulse waveform based on the PPG signal. The processing module 230-a may determine various physiological parameters, such as the user's respiratory rate, heart rate, HRV, oxygen saturation, and other circulatory parameters, based on the user's pulse waveform.

[0057] In some implementations, the PPG system 235 may be configured as a reflective PPG system 235 in which the optical receiver(s) receive transmitted light reflected through a region of the user's finger. In some implementations, the PPG system 235 may be configured as a transmissive PPG system 235 in which the optical transmitter(s) and optical receiver(s) are arranged opposite one another such that light is transmitted directly through a portion of the user's finger to the optical receiver(s).

[0058] The number and ratio of transmitters and receivers included in the PPG system 235 may vary. Exemplary optical transmitters may include light emitting diodes (LEDs). The optical transmitters may transmit light in the infrared spectrum and / or other spectrums. Exemplary optical receivers may include, but are not limited to, optical sensors, phototransistors, and photodiodes. The optical receivers may be configured to generate PPG signals in response to wavelengths received from the optical transmitters. The locations of the transmitters and receivers may vary. Additionally, a single device may include reflective and / or transmissive PPG systems 235.

[0059] 2 may, in some implementations, include a reflective PPG system 235. In these implementations, the PPG system 235 may include a centrally located optical receiver (e.g., at the bottom of the ring 104) and two optical transmitters located on either side of the optical receiver. In this implementation, the PPG system 235 (e.g., optical receiver) may generate a PPG signal based on light received from one or both of the optical transmitters. In other implementations, other arrangements, combinations, and / or configurations of one or more optical transmitters and / or optical receivers are contemplated.

[0060] The processing module 230-a may control one or both of the optical transmitters to transmit light while sampling the PPG signal generated by the optical receiver. In some implementations, the processing module 230-a may cause the optical transmitter with a stronger received signal to transmit light while sampling the PPG signal generated by the optical receiver. For example, the selected optical transmitter may emit light continuously while the PPG signal is sampled at a sampling rate (e.g., 250 Hz).

[0061] Sampling the PPG signal generated by the PPG system 235 may result in a pulse waveform, which may be referred to as a "PPG." The pulse waveform may indicate blood pressure versus time for multiple cardiac cycles. The pulse waveform may include peaks indicative of cardiac cycles. Additionally, the pulse waveform may include respiratory induced variations, which may be used to determine respiratory rate. The processing module 230-a, in some implementations, may store the pulse waveform in the memory 215. The processing module 230-a may process the pulse waveform as it is generated and / or from the memory 215 to determine user physiological parameters as described herein.

[0062] The processing module 230-a may determine the user's heart rate based on the pulse waveform. For example, the processing module 230-a may determine the heart rate (e.g., beats per minute) based on the time between peaks in the pulse waveform. The time between peaks may be referred to as the interbeat interval (IBI). The processing module 230-a may store the determined heart rate value and the IBI value in the memory 215.

[0063] The processing module 230-a may determine HRV over time. For example, the processing module 230-a may determine HRV based on the variation of IBl. The processing module 230-a may store the HRV values ​​over time in the memory 215. Additionally, the processing module 230-a may determine the user's respiration rate over time. For example, the processing module 230-a may determine the respiration rate based on frequency modulation, amplitude modulation, or baseline modulation of the user's IBI value over a period of time. The respiration rate may be calculated in breaths per minute or as another respiration rate (e.g., breaths per 30 seconds). The processing module 230-a may store the user's respiration values ​​over time in the memory 215.

[0064] The ring 104 may include one or more motion sensors 245, such as one or more accelerometers (e.g., 6D accelerometers) and / or one or more gyroscopes (gyros). The motion sensors 245 may generate motion signals indicative of the movement of the sensor. For example, the ring 104 may include one or more accelerometers that generate acceleration signals indicative of the acceleration of the accelerometer. As another example, the ring 104 may include one or more gyro sensors that generate gyro signals indicative of angular motion (e.g., angular velocity) and / or changes in orientation. The motion sensors 245 may be included in one or more sensor packages. An exemplary accelerometer / gyro sensor is a Bosch BM1160 inertial microelectromechanical system (MEMS) sensor that may measure angular velocity and acceleration in three perpendicular axes.

[0065] The processing module 230-a may sample the motion signals at a sampling rate (e.g., 50 Hz) and determine the movement of the ring 104 based on the sampled motion signals. For example, the processing module 230-a may sample the acceleration signals to determine the acceleration of the ring 104. As another example, the processing module 230-a may sample the gyro signals to determine the angular motion. In some implementations, the processing module 230-a may store the motion data in the memory 215. The motion data may include sampled motion data and motion data (e.g., acceleration values ​​and angle values) calculated based on the sampled motion signals.

[0066] The ring 104 may store various data described herein. For example, the ring 104 may store temperature data, such as raw sampled temperature data and calculated temperature data (e.g., average temperature). As another example, the ring 104 may store PPG signal data, such as pulse waveforms and data calculated based on the pulse waveforms (e.g., heart rate values, IBI values, HRV values, and respiration values). The ring 104 may also store motion data, such as sampled motion data indicative of linear and angular motion.

[0067] The ring 104 or other computing device may calculate and store additional values ​​based on the sampled / calculated physiological data. For example, the processing module 230 may calculate and store various metrics such as sleep metrics (e.g., sleep score), activity metrics, and readiness metrics. In some implementations, the additional values / metrics may be referred to as "derived values." The ring 104 or other computing / wearable device may calculate various values / metrics regarding motion. Exemplary derived values ​​for motion data may include, but are not limited to, a motion count value, a regularity value, an intensity value, a metabolic equivalence of task (MET) value, and an orientation value. The motion count, regularity value, intensity value, and MET may indicate the amount (e.g., speed / acceleration) of the user's motion over time. The orientation value may indicate how the ring 104 is oriented on the user's finger and whether the ring 104 is worn on the left or right hand.

[0068] In some implementations, the motion count and regularity value may be determined by counting the number of acceleration peaks within one or more time periods (e.g., one or more time periods of 30 seconds to one minute). The intensity value may indicate the number of motions and the associated intensity of the motions (e.g., acceleration values). The intensity values ​​may be classified as low, medium, and high depending on the associated threshold acceleration value. The MET may be determined based on the intensity of the motions, the regularity / irregularity of the motions, and the number of motions associated with different intensities during a period (e.g., 30 seconds).

[0069] In some implementations, the processing module 230-a may compress data stored in the memory 215. For example, the processing module 230-a may perform calculations based on the sampled data and then delete the sampled data. As another example, the processing module 230-a may average the data over a longer period of time to reduce the number of values ​​stored. In a particular example, if the average temperature of a user for one minute is stored in the memory 215, the processing module 230-a may calculate the average temperature over a five minute period for storage and then erase the one minute average temperature data. The processing module 230-a may compress the data based on various factors, such as the total amount of used / available memory 215 and / or the time since the ring 104 last transmitted data to the user device 106.

[0070] The user's physiological parameters may be measured by a sensor provided on the ring 104, although other devices may measure the user's physiological parameters. For example, the user's temperature may be measured by a temperature sensor 240 included on the ring 104, although other devices may measure the user's temperature. In some examples, other wearable devices (e.g., wrist devices) may include sensors that measure the user's physiological parameters. Additionally, medical devices such as external medical devices (e.g., wearable medical devices) and / or implantable medical devices may measure the user's physiological parameters. One or more sensors on any type of computing device may be used to implement the techniques described herein.

[0071] Physiological measurements may be taken continuously throughout the day and / or night. In some implementations, physiological measurements may be taken during portions of the day and / or portions of the night 104. In some implementations, physiological measurements may be taken in response to a determination that the user is in a particular state, such as an active state, a resting state, and / or a sleeping state. For example, the ring 104 may take physiological measurements in a resting / sleeping state to obtain a cleaner physiological signal. In one example, the ring 104 or other device / system may detect when the user is resting and / or sleeping and obtain physiological parameters (e.g., temperature) for the detected state. The device / system may use the resting / sleeping physiological data and / or other data when the user is in other states to implement the techniques of this disclosure.

[0072] In some implementations, the ring 104 may be configured to collect, store, and / or process data as previously described herein, and may forward any of the data described herein to the user device 106 for storage and / or processing. In some aspects, the user device 106 includes a wearable application 250, an operating system (OS), a web browser application (e.g., web browser 280), one or more additional applications, and a GUI 275. The user device 106 may further include other modules and components, including sensors, audio devices, haptic feedback devices, and the like. The wearable application 250 may include examples of applications (e.g., “apps”) that may be installed on the user device 106. The wearable application 250 may be configured to obtain data from the ring 104, store the obtained data, and process the obtained data, as described herein. For example, the wearable application 250 may include a user interface (UI) module 255, an acquisition module 260, a processing module 230-b, a communication module 220-b, and a storage module (e.g., a database 265) configured to store application data.

[0073] Various data processing operations described herein may be performed by the ring 104, the user device 106, the server 110, or any combination thereof. For example, in some cases, data collected by the ring 104 may be pre-processed and transmitted to the user device 106. In this example, the user device 106 may perform some data processing operations on the received data, transmit the data to the server 110 for data processing, or both. For example, in some cases, the user device 106 may perform processing operations that require relatively low processing power and / or operations that require relatively low latency, while the user device 106 may transmit data to the server 110 for processing operations that require relatively high processing power and / or operations that can tolerate relatively high latency.

[0074] In some aspects, the ring 104, the user device 106, and the server 110 of the system 200 may be configured to evaluate a user's sleep patterns. In particular, each component of the system 200 may be used to collect data from the user via the ring 104 and generate one or more scores (e.g., sleep score, readiness score) for the user based on the collected data. For example, as previously described herein, the ring 104 of the system 200 may be worn by the user to collect data from the user including temperature, heart rate, HRV, etc. The data collected by the ring 104 may be used to determine when the user is asleep to evaluate the user's sleep for a given "sleep day." In some aspects, a score may be calculated for the user for each sleep day such that a first sleep day is associated with a first set of scores and a second sleep day is associated with a second set of scores. A score may be calculated for each sleep day based on the data collected by the ring 104 during each sleep day. The scores may include, but are not limited to, a sleep score, a readiness score, etc.

[0075] In some cases, the "sleep days" may coincide with traditional calendar days, such that a given sleep day is from midnight to midnight on the respective calendar day. In other cases, the sleep days may be offset relative to the calendar days. For example, a sleep day may be from 6:00pm (18:00) on a calendar day to 6:00pm (18:00) on the next calendar day. In this example, 6:00pm may serve as a "cutoff time" such that data collected from the user before 6:00pm is counted into the current sleep day and data collected from the user after 6:00pm is counted into the next sleep day. Due to the fact that most individuals sleep best at night, offsetting the sleep days relative to the calendar days allows the system 200 to evaluate the user's sleep patterns in a manner that is consistent with the user's sleep schedule. In some cases, the user may be able to selectively adjust the timing of the sleep days relative to the calendar days (e.g., via a GUI) to align the sleep days with the duration that the respective user typically sleeps.

[0076] In some implementations, the user's respective overall score (e.g., sleep score, readiness score) for each day may be determined / calculated based on one or more "contributors," "factors," or "contributing factors." For example, the user's overall sleep score may be calculated based on a set of contributing factors including total sleep, efficiency, restfulness, REM sleep, deep sleep, latency, timing, or any combination thereof. A sleep score may include any number of contributing factors. A "total sleep" contributing factor may refer to the sum of all sleep periods of a sleep day. An "efficiency" contributing factor may reflect the proportion of time asleep compared to awake time while in bed and may be calculated using an efficiency average of long sleep periods (e.g., main sleep periods) of a sleep day, weighted by the duration of each sleep period. A "restfulness" contributing factor may indicate how restful the user's sleep is and may be calculated using an average of all sleep periods of a sleep day, weighted by the duration of each period. The restfulness contributors may be based on "wake count" (e.g., the sum of all wakeups (when the user wakes up) detected during different sleep periods), excessive movement, and "got up count" (e.g., the sum of all wakeups (when the user gets out of bed) detected during different sleep periods).

[0077] The "REM sleep" contributor may refer to the sum of REM sleep duration across all sleep periods of a sleep day, including REM sleep. Similarly, the "deep sleep" contributor may refer to the sum of deep sleep duration across all sleep periods of a sleep day, including deep sleep. The "latency" contributor may represent the time it takes a user to fall asleep (e.g., average, median, longest) and may be calculated using an average of long sleep periods throughout a sleep day, weighted by the duration of each period and the number of such periods (e.g., the integration of a given sleep stage or stages may be its own contributor or may weight other contributors). Finally, the "timing" contributor may refer to the relative timing of sleep periods within a sleep day and / or calendar day, and may be calculated using an average of all sleep periods of a sleep day, weighted by the duration of each period.

[0078] As another example, a user's overall readiness score may be calculated based on a set of contributing factors including sleep, sleep balance, heart rate, HRV balance, recovery index, body temperature, activity, activity balance, or any combination thereof. The readiness score may include any number of contributing factors. The "sleep" contributing factor may refer to the combined sleep score of all sleep periods within a sleep day. The "sleep balance" contributing factor may refer to the cumulative duration of all sleep periods within a sleep day. In particular, sleep balance may indicate to a user whether the sleep a user has had over a period of duration (e.g., the past two weeks) is balanced with the user's needs. Typically, an adult requires 7-9 hours of sleep per night to be healthy, alert, and performing at their best mentally and physically. However, it is normal to have occasional bad sleep days, and therefore the sleep balance contributing factor takes into account long-term sleep patterns to determine whether each user's sleep needs are being met. The "resting heart rate" contributor may indicate the minimum heart rate from the longest sleep period (eg, the main sleep period) of a sleep day and / or the minimum heart rate from a nap occurring after the main sleep period.

[0079] Continuing with reference to the "contributing factors" (e.g., factors, contributors) of the readiness score, the "HRV balance" contributor may indicate the highest HRV average from the main sleep period and the sleep period that occurs after the main sleep period. The HRV balance contributor may help the user track their recovery status by comparing the user's HRV trend over a first period (e.g., 2 weeks) to the average HRV over some second longer period (e.g., 3 months). The "recovery index" contributor may be calculated based on the longest sleep period. The recovery index measures how long it takes for the user's resting heart rate to stabilize during the night. A sign of very good recovery is that the user's resting heart rate stabilizes during the first half of the night, at least 6 hours before the user wakes up, leaving time for the body to recover for the next day. The "body temperature" contributor may be calculated based on the longest sleep period (e.g., main sleep period) or based on the sleep period that occurs after the longest sleep period if the user's highest body temperature during the sleep period is at least 0.5°C higher than the highest body temperature during the longest period. In some aspects, the ring may measure the user's temperature while the user is asleep, and the system 200 may display the user's average temperature relative to the user's baseline temperature. If the user's temperature is outside of the normal range (e.g., significantly above or below 0.0), the temperature contributor may be highlighted (e.g., go to a "Pay attention" state) or otherwise generate an alert to the user.

[0080] In some aspects, each device of the system 200 may support techniques for selectively controlling external devices associated with the user's surrounding environment utilizing physiological data collected via the wearable device. In particular, each component of the system 200 may be configured to identify physiological conditions and / or physical activities associated with the user 102 based on the acquired physiological data, and to instruct the external devices (e.g., television, stereo, lights, thermostat, humidifier, air purifier) ​​to adjust operating parameters of the respective external devices based on the identified physiological conditions and / or physical activities. In this regard, the system 200 may be configured to selectively adjust characteristics of the user's surrounding environment (e.g., temperature, humidity, light, sound, air quality) based on the acquired physiological data to improve the user's sleep and overall health.

[0081] The attendant advantages of the present disclosure may be further illustrated and explained with reference to FIG.

[0082] 3 illustrates an example of a system 300 that supports techniques for controlling other devices using data collected by a wearable device, according to aspects of the present disclosure. System 300 may implement or be implemented by system 100, system 200, or both. In particular, system 300 illustrates an example of a wearable device 104 (e.g., wearable ring device 104) and a user device 106, as described with reference to FIG.

[0083] As described with reference to FIG. 2, the wearable device 104 may be worn by a user and may determine one or more physiological parameters (e.g., the user's skin temperature, pulse waveform, respiratory rate, heart rate, HRV, blood oxygen level, etc.). Thus, the wearable device 104 may collect physiological data associated with the user based on arterial blood flow. In some examples, the wearable device 104 and the user device 106 may communicate with each other via one or more wireless connections. For example, the wearable device 104 may transmit physiological data to the user device 106, and the user device 106 may transmit firmware / configuration updates to the wearable device 104.

[0084] In some examples, the user device 106 may identify or classify one or more physiological conditions, physical activities, or both associated with the user based on the physiological data collected via the wearable device 104. The physiological conditions that may be identified / classified via the system 300 may include any physiological conditions known in the art, including physiological conditions associated with falling asleep, physiological conditions associated with wakefulness, physiological conditions associated with anxiety or relaxation, etc. Additionally, the physical activities that may be identified or classified via the system 300 may include any physical activity in which a user may engage, such as running, cycling, hiking, cleaning, etc.

[0085] For example, the user device 106 may identify that the user is sleeping (e.g., identify a physiological state associated with falling asleep) by receiving physiological data indicating that the user's skin temperature is approaching a temperature associated with a sleep state. As another example, the system 300 may identify that the user is running (e.g., engaging in a physical activity) based on temperature and motion data collected via the wearable device 104.

[0086] In some examples, the user device 106 may identify one or more physiological states (e.g., sleep, drowsiness, wakefulness, anxiety, relaxation) and / or physical activities based on a classifier (e.g., machine learning classifier, neural network). For example, the user device 106 may receive physiological data from the ring 104 and input the physiological data to a classifier configured to classify a physiological state based on the received physiological data. By inputting the physiological data to the classifier, the user device 106 may classify the currently received physiological data into one or more physiological states. Similarly, the system 300 may be configured to input the acquired physiological data to a classifier, which is configured to classify a physical activity based on the received physiological data.

[0087] In some aspects, the system 300 may be configured to selectively control / adjust one or more external devices 305 based on physiological data collected via the wearable device 104, physiological conditions and / or physical activities identified based on the collected physiological data, or any combination thereof. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the system 300 may further include one or more external devices 305 that communicate with the user device 106, the wearable device 104, or both. The external devices 305 may include, but are not limited to, a television 305-a, a thermostat 305-b, an appliance 305-c, a speaker 305-d, a light 305-e, and / or a humidifier 305-f. Additionally or alternatively, the external devices 305 may include any external device capable of communicating with the user device 106. For example, the additional external devices 305 may include any smart device, such as a virtual assistant device, a voice-activated smart device, a smart display, a streaming device, a smoke detector, an air purifier, a router, a security system, a smart lock, etc.

[0088] In some aspects, the external device(s) 305 may be configured to modify one or more operational parameters associated with the respective external device 305 based on, for example, signals or instructions received from the user device 106, the wearable device 104, or both. Additionally, the external device(s) 305 may change the environment in which the respective external device 305 is located (e.g., modify the ambient environment associated with the user corresponding to the wearable device 104) based on modifying the one or more operational parameters. For example, the light 305-e may adjust the brightness of the ambient environment, the speaker 305-d may reduce the volume of sound emitted into the space, and the thermostat 305-b may increase the temperature of the room.

[0089] In some examples, the user device 106 may transmit instructions to the external device(s) 305 based on an identified physiological condition and / or physical activity associated with the user. Additionally or alternatively, the external device(s) 305 may modify operating parameters based on receiving an instruction transmitted by the user device 106. For example, the television 305-a may power off based on receiving an instruction from the user device 106 to power off (e.g., enter a low power state).

[0090] In some examples, the user device 106 may instruct the external device(s) 305 to adjust operational parameters based on receiving physiological data from the wearable device 104. Additionally or alternatively, the user device 106 may instruct the external device(s) 305 to adjust operational parameters based on identifying a physiological condition and / or physical activity associated with the user according to the physiological data. In other words, the physiological data collected by the wearable device 104 and acquired by the user device 106 may be used by the user device 106 to control the external device(s) 305.

[0091] For example, the user device 106 may receive physiological data collected by the wearable device 104, and based on the received physiological data, identify that the user is asleep and transmit instructions to the television 305-a, instructions to the appliances 305-c (e.g., oven, stove, radio), and instructions to the lights 305-e. The instructions transmitted by the user device 106 may be configured to adjust operating parameters of the television 305-a, the appliances 305-c, and the lights 305-e. For example, the transmitted instructions may include configurations that may cause the television 305-a to pause a TV program, turn off the appliances 305-c, and dim the brightness of the lights 305-e. As another example, if the system 300 identifies that the user is drowsy, the system 300 may cause the user device 106 to enter a power saving mode, a silent mode, adjust the GPS route to guide the user along an easier driving route, etc.

[0092] As another example, if the system 300 identifies that the user is meditating (e.g., identifies a physiological state associated with relaxation or meditation), the system 300 may adjust the brightness of the lights 305-e to facilitate meditation. Additionally, the system 300 may be configured to adjust operating parameters of an external device based on the physiological state associated with illness or stress, such as adjusting the temperature in the user's home when physiological data suggests the user is feeling stressed or experiencing illness (e.g., modifying the temperature if a fever is detected).

[0093] As another example, if the system 300 identifies that the user is running, the system 300 may adjust the volume or type of music played through the user's headphones (e.g., adjust the speaker 305-d) based on the fact that the user is running, the user's pace, etc. Similarly, upon identifying that the user is running, the system 300 may cause the sauna (e.g., the external device 305) to begin heating in preparation for the user's post-run sauna session. Conversely, the system 300 may turn off the sauna when it detects that the user has left the sauna, when it detects that the user is asleep (and thus likely not in the sauna), or when it determines that the sauna may have a detrimental effect on the user's health (e.g., if the user is becoming dehydrated, overheated, experiencing low SpO2 levels, etc.). Additionally, the operating parameters of the external device 305 may be selectively adjusted based on the user's health goals, characteristics of the user's workout (e.g., pace, intensity), etc.

[0094] Other examples of external devices 305 that may be implemented within the system 300 may include, but are not limited to, a smart / adjustable bed (e.g., a bed capable of changing angle, firmness, temperature), a sound machine (e.g., a white noise machine), and the like. In such cases, the system 300 may obtain data from the adjustable bed (e.g., bed inclination / lowering setting, firmness setting, temperature setting) and / or data from the sound machine (e.g., sound type, volume setting) and compare the collected data with the user's physiological data to determine which settings of the adjustable bed and / or sound machine positively or negatively affect the user's quality of sleep or other physiological parameters. In this regard, the system 300 may be capable of making recommendations to the user for adjusting settings of the adjustable bed and / or sound machine, or may be configured to make such adjustments automatically (e.g., by sending a signal from the user device 106 to the adjustable bed / sound machine).

[0095] In some examples, the user may be able to manually input the actions they want to occur according to the physiological conditions and / or physical activities identified by the user device 106. In other words, the user may be able to input rules or commands that define the "relationship" between the operating parameters and the identified physiological conditions (e.g., "If the ring detects X physiological condition / physical workout, then adjust Y operating parameters of external device Z"). By receiving input from the user, the user device 106 may execute customized modifications made to the operating parameters of the external device(s) 305 upon identifying the user's specified physiological conditions and / or physical activities.

[0096] For example, a user may manually input into the GUI 275 of the user device 106 that he / she would like the television 305-a to pause the TV program if the wearable device 104 detects that the user is asleep (e.g., if the wearable device 104 detects a physiological state associated with falling asleep). Thus, the user device 106 may send a command to the television 305-a to pause the TV program if the user device 106 identifies that the user has fallen asleep based on physiological data collected by the user device 104. As another example, a user may manually input into the GUI 275 of the user device 106 that he / she would like the sauna to start heating if the wearable device 104 detects that the user has gone for a run. Thus, the user device 106 may adjust the external device(s) 305 to operate based on the user's wishes that occur in correlation with the user's identified physiological state and / or physical activity. This may be further understood with reference to FIG. 4.

[0097] In some embodiments, the system 300 may optimize the environment of the room in which the external device 305 is located to achieve ambient conditions that lead to a healthier lifestyle, more efficient resource use, and a safer environment. In some examples, the system 300 may improve the health of the user wearing the ring 104 by inducing conditions that lead to better sleep (e.g., lower light and sound levels while sleeping). Additionally, the system 300 may reduce power consumption by turning off one or more of the external device(s) 305 when they are no longer being used by the user (e.g., turning off a TV program when the user is no longer watching). Additionally or alternatively, the system 300 may create a safer environment for the user and others in the surrounding environment by turning off devices that may cause harm if left unattended (e.g., turning off a running oven when the user falls asleep).

[0098] In some implementations, the system 300 may allow a user to engage with each component of the system 300 (e.g., the wearable application 250) using voice-enabled interactions. For example, a user may be able to use a voice command to trigger one or more components of the system 300 (e.g., the user device 106, the external device 305, etc.) to read out the user's scores (e.g., sleep score, readiness score, activity score). Such voice-enabled capabilities may enable a user to reduce screen time and / or blue light exposure. Additionally, such voice-enabled capabilities may improve the access and functionality of the system 300 to a blind user. In some cases, an external device 305, such as a Google Home or Alexa, may be configured to interface with the wearable application 250 such that the Google Home / Alexa can retrieve information from the wearable application 250 in response to a voice command. As another example, a user may be able to use voice commands to start / stop a workout and / or add tags that may be used by the system 300 to further analyze and evaluate physiological data collected by the wearable device 104. Tags that may be added using voice commands may include, but are not limited to, alcohol / caffeine intake, stress or anxiety, relaxation, etc.

[0099] 4 illustrates an example of a GUI 400 that supports techniques for controlling other devices using data collected by a wearable device according to aspects of the present disclosure. The GUI 400 may implement or be implemented by aspects of the system 100, the system 200, the system 300, or any combination thereof. For example, the GUI 400 may include an example of the GUI 275 included within the user device 106 shown in FIG. 2.

[0100] The GUI 400 shows application page 405-a and application page 405-b, which may be displayed to a user via the GUI 400 (e.g., GUI 275 shown in FIG. 2). The server 110 of the system 200 may cause the GUI 400 of the user device 106 (e.g., a mobile device) to display user input options regarding operational preferences for one or more external devices 410 according to the physiological conditions 425 identified (e.g., via application page 405-a or application page 405-b). In such a case, the system 200 may output the user's customizable preferences for one or more external devices on the GUI 275 of the user device 106 to indicate how the user may selectively modify operational parameters of the one or more external devices according to the identified physiological conditions. In other words, the system 200 may receive user input (e.g., via the GUI 400) associated with a relationship between the physiological conditions and the operational parameters of the external devices 410.

[0101] Continuing with the above example, the user may open the wearable application 250 and be presented with an application page 405-a. As shown in FIG. 4, the application page 405-a may display a list of external devices 410. The external devices 410 listed on the application page 405-a may include one or more external devices 410 that may receive instructions from the user device 106 based on a physiological condition identified by the user device 106. The external devices 410 may include a television 410-a, a speaker 410-d, a thermostat 410-b, a light 410-e, an appliance 410-c, and a humidifier 410-f. In some cases, the user may be able to add an external device (e.g., a second TV, a smart oven) to the application page 405-a via input.

[0102] On the application page 405-a, the user may select one or more of the external devices 410 for which they wish to manually input operational parameters. For example, in a scenario in which the user is identified by the user device 106 as sleeping, if the user wishes to modify only the operational parameters of the television 410-a, the user may select the television 410-a from the application page 405-a. Alternatively, in a scenario in which the user is identified by the user device 106 as sleeping, if the user wishes to modify the operational parameters of the television 410-a, the lights 410-e, and the humidifier 410-f, the user may select the television 410-a, the lights 410-e, and the humidifier 410-f on the application page 405-a. If the user is entering preferences for more than one of the external devices 410, the user may individually select one of the external devices 410 on the application page 405-a, proceed to application page 405-b to enter preferences for the selected external device 410, and repeat the process for all external devices 410 for which the user may want to enter operational preferences. In other words, the user may proceed to application page 405-b by selecting one of the external devices 410 from application page 405-a.

[0103] The application page 405-b may display one or more relationships between the identified physiological condition 425 and the operating parameters for one of the most recently selected external devices 410, such as the television 410-a. The user may provide user input on the application page 405-b indicating one or more relationships that may be customized. For example, if the user wants to turn off the television 410-a upon falling asleep, the user may open the wearable application 250, select the television 410-a from the application page 405-a, and proceed to the application page 405-b that displays the parameters for the television 410-a. Upon arriving at application page 405-b, the user can view identified physiological state(s) 425 (e.g., wake 425-a, fall asleep 425-b) for the user that may be identified by the user device 106, as well as preferred action(s) 430 (e.g., turn off TV 430-a, pause TV program 430-b) for the television 410-a that may occur according to the identified physiological state 425 selected by the user. Continuing with the previous example, the user may select fall asleep 425-b and turn off TV 430-a from application page 405-b in order for the user device 106 to send instructions to the television 410-a that configure the television 410-a to turn off when the user is identified by the user device as asleep.

[0104] 5 shows a block diagram 500 of a device 505 supporting techniques for controlling other devices using data collected by a wearable device, according to an embodiment of the disclosure. The device 505 may include an input module 510, an output module 515, and a wearable application 520. The device 505 may also include a processor. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0105] The input module 510 may provide a means for receiving information, such as packets associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to disease detection techniques), user data, control information, or any combination thereof. The information may be passed to other components of the device 505. The input module 510 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.

[0106] The output module 515 may provide a means for transmitting signals generated by other components of the device 505. For example, the output module 515 may transmit information such as packets associated with various information channels (e.g., a control channel, a data channel, an information channel related to disease detection techniques), user data, control information, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the output module 515 may be co-located with the input module 510 in a transceiver module. The output module 515 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.

[0107] For example, the wearable application 520 may include a data acquisition component 525, a physiological state manager 530, an external device manager 535, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the wearable application 520 or various components thereof may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, transmitting) using or otherwise cooperating with the input module 510, the output module 515, or both. For example, the wearable application 520 may receive information from the input module 510, may transmit information to the output module 515, or may be integrated in combination with the input module 510, the output module 515, or both to receive information, transmit information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0108] The data acquisition component 525 may be configured as or otherwise support a means for receiving physiological data associated with a user from the wearable device. The physiological state manager 530 may be configured as or otherwise support a means for identifying one or more physiological conditions associated with a user based at least in part on the physiological data. The external device manager 535 may be configured as or otherwise support a means for transmitting instructions to one or more external devices based at least in part on the one or more physiological conditions, the instructions being configured to selectively modify one or more operating parameters associated with the one or more external devices.

[0109] FIG. 6 illustrates a block diagram 600 of a wearable application 620 supporting techniques for controlling other devices using data collected by a wearable device, according to aspects of the disclosure. The wearable application 620 may be an example of aspects of a wearable application or a wearable application 520, or both, as described herein. The wearable application 620, or various components thereof, may be an example of a means for performing various aspects of techniques for controlling other devices using data collected by a wearable device as described herein. For example, the wearable application 620 may include a data acquisition component 625, a physiological state manager 630, an external device manager 635, a user input manager 640, a classifier manager 645, or any combination thereof. Each of these components may communicate directly or indirectly with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0110] The data acquisition component 625 may be configured with or otherwise support a means for receiving physiological data associated with a user from the wearable device. The physiological state manager 630 may be configured with or otherwise support a means for identifying one or more physiological conditions associated with a user based at least in part on the physiological data. The external device manager 635 may be configured with or otherwise support a means for transmitting instructions to one or more external devices based at least in part on the one or more physiological conditions, the instructions being configured to selectively modify one or more operating parameters associated with the one or more external devices.

[0111] In some examples, the user input manager 640 may be configured as or otherwise support a means for receiving, via a user device, user input indicating one or more relationships for selectively modifying operational parameters of the external device according to the identified physiological condition, and transmitting the instructions is based at least in part on the user input indicating the one or more relationships.

[0112] In some examples, to support identifying one or more physiological conditions, the classifier manager 645 may be configured with or otherwise support as a means for inputting physiological data into a classifier. In some examples, to support identifying one or more physiological conditions, the classifier manager 645 may be configured with or otherwise support as a means for classifying physiological data into one or more physiological conditions using a classifier.

[0113] In some examples, each external device of the one or more external devices is configured to control or modify a property or action associated with an environment associated with the user. In some examples, the instructions for selectively modifying the one or more operating parameters are configured to selectively modify a property or action associated with the environment.

[0114] In some examples, the one or more external devices include a television, an appliance, a thermostat, a speaker, a humidifier, a light source, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the one or more physiological conditions include a physiological condition associated with sleep onset, a physiological condition associated with wakefulness, or both. In some examples, the wearable device includes a wearable ring device. In some examples, the wearable device collects physiological data from the user based on arterial blood flow.

[0115] FIG. 7 illustrates a diagram of a system 700 including a device 705 supporting techniques for controlling other devices using data collected by a wearable device, according to an embodiment of the disclosure. The device 705 may be or include an example of the components of the device 505 as described herein. The device 705 may include an example of a user device 106 as previously described herein. The device 705 may include components for bidirectional communication, including components for sending and receiving communications with the wearable device 104 and the server 110, such as a wearable application 720, a communication module 710, an antenna 715, a user interface component 725, a database (application data) 730, a memory 735, and a processor 740. These components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more buses (e.g., bus 745).

[0116] The communication module 710 may manage input and output signals for the device 705 via the antenna 715. The communication module 710 may include an example of the communication module 220-b of the user device 106 shown and described in FIG. 2. In this regard, the communication module 710 may manage communications with the ring 104 and the server 110 as shown in FIG. 2. The communication module 710 may also manage peripherals that are not integrated into the device 705. In some cases, the communication module 710 may represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral. In some cases, the communication module 710 may utilize an operating system such as iOS®, ANDROID®, MS-DOS®, MS-WINDOWS®, OS / 2®, UNIX®, LINUX®, or another known operating system. In other cases, the communication module 710 may represent or interact with a wearable device (e.g., the ring 104), a modem, a keyboard, a mouse, a touch screen, or similar devices. In some cases, the communications module 710 may be implemented as part of the processor 740. In some examples, a user may interact with the device 705 via the communications module 710, a user interface component 725, or via a hardware component controlled by the communications module 710.

[0117] In some cases, the device 705 may include a single antenna 715. However, in some other cases, the device 705 may have two or more antennas 715 and may be capable of simultaneously transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. The communications module 710 may communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas 715, wired links, or wireless links as described herein. For example, the communications module 710 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. The communications module 710 may also include a modem for modulating packets and providing the modulated packets to one or more antennas 715 for transmission and demodulating packets received from the one or more antennas 715.

[0118] The user interface component 725 may manage the storage and processing of data in the database 730. In some cases, a user may interact with the user interface component 725. In other cases, the user interface component 725 may operate automatically without user interaction. The database 730 may be an example of a single database, a distributed database, multiple distributed databases, a data store, a data lake, or an emergency backup database.

[0119] Memory 735 may include RAM and ROM. Memory 735 may store computer-readable, computer-executable software that includes instructions that, when executed, cause processor 740 to perform various functions described herein. In some cases, memory 735 may include a BIOS that may control basic hardware or software operations, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices, among other things.

[0120] The processor 740 may include intelligent hardware devices (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic components, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof). In some cases, the processor 740 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In other cases, the memory controller may be integrated into the processor 740. The processor 740 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in the memory 735 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting the methods and systems for sleep stage determination algorithms).

[0121] For example, the wearable application 720 may be configured with or otherwise support a means for receiving physiological data associated with a user from a wearable device. The wearable application 720 may be configured with or otherwise support a means for identifying one or more physiological conditions associated with a user based at least in part on the physiological data. The wearable application 720 may be configured with or otherwise support a means for transmitting instructions to one or more external devices based at least in part on the one or more physiological conditions, the instructions being configured to selectively modify one or more operating parameters associated with the one or more external devices.

[0122] The wearable applications 720 may include applications (e.g., “apps”), programs, software, or other components configured to facilitate communication with the ring 104, the server 110, other user devices 106, etc. For example, the wearable applications 720 may include applications executable on the user device 106 configured to receive data (e.g., physiological data) from the ring 104, perform processing operations on the received data, send data to and receive data from the server 110, and cause presentation of the data to the user 102.

[0123] FIG. 8 illustrates a flowchart illustrating a method 800 supporting techniques for controlling other devices using data collected by a wearable device, according to aspects of the disclosure. The operations of method 800 may be implemented by a user device or components thereof, as described herein. For example, the operations of method 800 may be performed by a user device, as described with reference to FIGS. 1-7. In some examples, the user device may execute a set of instructions to control functional elements of the user device to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, the user device may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described functions.

[0124] At 805, the method may include receiving physiological data associated with the user from the wearable device. The operations of 805 may be performed according to examples disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 805 may be performed by a data acquisition component 625, as described with reference to FIG.

[0125] At 810, the method may include identifying one or more physiological conditions associated with the user, one or more physical activities associated with the user, or both based at least in part on the physiological data. The operations of 810 may be performed according to examples disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 810 may be performed by physiological state manager 630, as described with reference to FIG.

[0126] At 815, the method may include transmitting instructions to one or more external devices based at least in part on one or more physiological conditions, one or more physical activities, or both, the instructions being configured to selectively modify one or more operating parameters associated with the one or more external devices. The operations of 815 may be performed according to examples disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 815 may be performed by an external device manager 635, as described with reference to FIG. 6.

[0127] FIG. 9 illustrates a flowchart illustrating a method 900 supporting techniques for controlling other devices using data collected by a wearable device, according to aspects of the disclosure. The operations of method 900 may be implemented by a user device or components thereof, as described herein. For example, the operations of method 900 may be performed by a user device, as described with reference to FIGS. 1-7. In some examples, the user device may execute a set of instructions to control functional elements of the user device to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, the user device may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described functions.

[0128] At 905, the method may include receiving, via the user device, a user input indicating one or more relationships for selectively modifying operational parameters of the external device according to the identified physiological condition, the identified activity, or both. The operations of 905 may be performed according to examples disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 905 may be performed by a user input manager 640, as described with reference to FIG.

[0129] At 910, the method may include receiving physiological data associated with a user from a wearable device. The operations of 910 may be performed according to examples disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 910 may be performed by a data acquisition component 625, as described with reference to FIG.

[0130] At 915, the method may include identifying one or more physiological conditions associated with the user, one or more physical activities associated with the user, or both based at least in part on the physiological data. The operations of 915 may be performed according to examples disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 915 may be performed by physiological state manager 630, as described with reference to FIG.

[0131] At 920, the method may include transmitting instructions to one or more external devices based at least in part on one or more physiological conditions, one or more physical activities, or both, where the instructions are configured to selectively modify one or more operating parameters associated with the one or more external devices, and where transmitting the instructions is based at least in part on user input indicating the one or more relationships. The operations of 920 may be performed according to examples disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 920 may be performed by an external device manager 635, as described with reference to FIG. 6.

[0132] It should be noted that the methods described above describe possible implementations, and that the operations and steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified, and other implementations are possible. Additionally, aspects from two or more of the methods may be combined.

[0133] A method is described that may include receiving physiological data associated with a user from a wearable device, identifying one or more physiological conditions associated with the user, one or more physical activities associated with the user, or both based at least in part on the physiological data, and transmitting instructions to one or more external devices based at least in part on the one or more physiological conditions, the one or more physical activities, or both, where the instructions are configured to selectively modify one or more operating parameters associated with the one or more external devices.

[0134] An apparatus is described. The apparatus may include a processor, a memory coupled to the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. The instructions may be executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to receive physiological data associated with a user from a wearable device, identify one or more physiological conditions associated with the user, one or more physical activities associated with the user, or both based at least in part on the physiological data, and transmit instructions to one or more external devices based at least in part on the one or more physiological conditions, the one or more physical activities, or both, where the instructions are configured to selectively modify one or more operating parameters associated with the one or more external devices.

[0135] Another apparatus is described that may include means for receiving physiological data associated with a user from a wearable device, means for identifying one or more physiological conditions associated with the user, one or more physical activities associated with the user, or both based at least in part on the physiological data, and means for transmitting instructions to one or more external devices based at least in part on the one or more physiological conditions, the one or more physical activities, or both, the instructions being configured to selectively modify one or more operating parameters associated with the one or more external devices.

[0136] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code is described. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to receive physiological data associated with a user from a wearable device, identify one or more physiological conditions associated with the user, one or more physical activities associated with the user, or both based at least in part on the physiological data, and transmit instructions to one or more external devices based at least in part on the one or more physiological conditions, the one or more physical activities, or both, the instructions configured to selectively modify one or more operating parameters associated with the one or more external devices.

[0137] Some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving, via the user device, user input indicating one or more relationships for selectively modifying operational parameters of the external device according to the identified physiological condition, and transmitting the instructions may be based at least in part on the user input indicating the one or more relationships.

[0138] In some examples of the methods, devices, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, identifying the one or more physiological conditions may include operations, features, means, or instructions for inputting the physiological data into a classifier and using the classifier to classify the physiological data into one or more physiological conditions.

[0139] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, each external device of the one or more external devices may be configured to control or modify a property or action associated with an environment associated with a user, and the instructions for selectively modifying the one or more operating parameters may be configured to selectively modify the property or action associated with the environment.

[0140] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer readable media described herein, the one or more external devices include a television, an appliance, a thermostat, a speaker, a humidifier, a light source, or any combination thereof. In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer readable media described herein, the one or more physiological conditions include a physiological condition associated with sleep onset, a physiological condition associated with wakefulness, or both. In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer readable media described herein, the wearable device includes a wearable ring device. In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer readable media described herein, the wearable device collects physiological data from the user based on arterial blood flow.

[0141] The description set forth herein with respect to the accompanying drawings illustrates exemplary configurations and does not necessarily represent all examples that may be implemented or are within the scope of the claims. The term "exemplary" as used herein means "serving as an example, instance, or illustration" and does not mean "preferred" or "advantageous over other examples." The detailed description includes specific details for the purposes of providing an understanding of the described techniques. However, these techniques may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring the concepts of the described examples.

[0142] In the accompanying figures, similar components or features may have the same reference label. Furthermore, various components of the same type may be distinguished by following the reference label with a dash and a second label that distinguishes the similar components. If only a first reference label is used herein, the description is applicable to any of the similar components having the same first reference label, regardless of the second reference label.

[0143] The information and signals described herein may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, the data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referenced throughout the above description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.

[0144] The various example blocks and modules described in connection with the disclosure herein may be implemented or performed using a general purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, an FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but alternatively, the processor may be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration).

[0145] The functions described herein may be implemented in hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software executed by a processor, the functions may be stored or transmitted as one or more instructions or codes on a computer-readable medium. Other examples and implementations are within the scope of this disclosure and the appended claims. For example, due to the nature of the software, the functions described above may be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or any combination thereof. The features implementing the functions may also be physically located in various locations, including being distributed such that parts of the functions are implemented in different physical locations. Also, as used herein, including the claims, "or" used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items preceded by a phrase such as "at least one of" or "one or more of") indicates an inclusive list, such as, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). Also, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step described as "based on condition A" may be based on both condition A and condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase "based on" is intended to be interpreted similarly to the phrase "based at least in part on."

[0146] Computer-readable media includes both communication media and non-transitory computer storage media, including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. Non-transitory storage media may be any available medium that is accessible by a general purpose or special purpose computer. By way of example and not limitation, non-transitory computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM (EEPROM), Compact Disk (CD) ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code means in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a general purpose or special purpose computer, or a general purpose or special purpose processor. Also, any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if the software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of the medium. As used herein, disk and disc include CDs, laser discs, optical discs, digital versatile discs (DVDs), floppy disks, and Blu-ray discs, where a disk typically reproduces data magnetically and a disc reproduces data optically with a laser. Combinations of the above are also included within the scope of computer readable media.

[0147] The description herein is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present disclosure. Various modifications to the present disclosure will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Thus, the present disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein, but should be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. 1. A method comprising: receiving physiological data associated with a user from a wearable device; identifying, based at least in part on the physiological data, one or more physiological conditions associated with the user, one or more physical activities associated with the user, or both; transmitting instructions to one or more external devices based at least in part on the one or more physiological conditions, the one or more physical activities, or both, the instructions being configured to selectively modify one or more operating parameters associated with the one or more external devices; The method includes:

2. receiving, via a user device, user input indicating one or more relationships for selectively modifying an operating parameter of an external device according to an identified physiological condition, wherein the transmitting of the instructions is based at least in part on the user input indicating the one or more relationships. The method of claim 1 further comprising:

3. The step of identifying one or more physiological conditions further comprises: inputting the physiological data into a classifier; classifying the physiological data into the one or more physiological states using the classifier; The method of claim 1 , comprising:

4. each external device of the one or more external devices is configured to control or modify a property or action associated with an environment associated with the user; the instructions for selectively modifying the one or more operational parameters are configured to selectively modify the characteristics or actions associated with the environment. The method of claim 1.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more external devices include a television, an appliance, a thermostat, a speaker, a humidifier, a light source, an air purifier, or any combination thereof.

6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more physiological conditions include a physiological condition associated with sleep onset, a physiological condition associated with wakefulness, or both.

7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the wearable device comprises a wearable ring device.

8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the wearable device collects the physiological data from the user based on arterial blood flow.

9. 1. An apparatus comprising: A processor; a memory coupled to the processor; instructions stored in said memory; and the instructions cause the device to: Receiving physiological data associated with a user from a wearable device; identifying, based at least in part on the physiological data, one or more physiological conditions associated with the user, one or more physical activities associated with the user, or both; transmitting instructions to one or more external devices based at least in part on the one or more physiological conditions, the one or more physical activities, or both, the instructions being configured to selectively modify one or more operating parameters associated with the one or more external devices; The apparatus is executable by the processor to cause

10. The instructions cause the device to: receiving, via a user device, a user input indicating one or more relationships for selectively modifying an operating parameter of an external device according to the identified physiological condition, wherein transmitting the instruction is based at least in part on the user input indicating the one or more relationships. The apparatus of claim 9 , further executable by the processor to:

11. The instructions for identifying the one or more physiological conditions may include: inputting the physiological data into a classifier; classifying the physiological data into the one or more physiological states using the classifier; 10. The apparatus of claim 9, executable by the processor to cause:

12. each external device of the one or more external devices is configured to control or modify a property or action associated with an environment associated with the user; the instructions for selectively modifying the one or more operational parameters are configured to selectively modify the characteristics or actions associated with the environment.

10. The apparatus of claim 9.

13. 10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the one or more external devices include a television, an appliance, a thermostat, a speaker, a humidifier, a light source, an air purifier, or any combination thereof.

14. The apparatus of claim 9 , wherein the one or more physiological conditions include a physiological condition associated with sleep onset, a physiological condition associated with wakefulness, or both.

15. The apparatus of claim 9 , wherein the wearable device comprises a wearable ring device.

16. The apparatus of claim 9 , wherein the wearable device collects the physiological data from the user based on arterial blood flow.

17. A non-transitory computer readable medium storing code, the code comprising: Receiving physiological data associated with a user from a wearable device; identifying, based at least in part on the physiological data, one or more physiological conditions associated with the user, one or more physical activities associated with the user, or both; transmitting instructions to one or more external devices based at least in part on the one or more physiological conditions, the one or more physical activities, or both, the instructions being configured to selectively modify one or more operating parameters associated with the one or more external devices; A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the steps of:

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