Base Frame of Mobile Hydraulic Crane

Abstract

The object of the present invention is to create a base frame (1) of a mobile hydraulic crane (9) that enables reliable operation of the crane (9) by means of smooth transmission of the load from the crane (9) to the vehicle chassis (7). The base frame (1) according to the present invention can be manufactured easily and precisely even in mass production, compared to conventionally known base frames, and furthermore, the flexibility when attaching the crane to different vehicle types or moving it is also improved. The base frame (1) according to the present invention comprises not only a central portion (2) adapted to accommodate the crane column (91), but also a primary beam (3) and a secondary beam (4). The central portion (2), the primary beam (3), and the secondary beam (4) are manufactured separately and are each independent and uniform components. The central portion (2) is, on the one hand, removably connectable to the primary beam (3) by means of a suitable screw joint (23), and on the other hand, is also removably connectable to the secondary beam (4) by means of a suitable screw joint (24).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the base frame of a mobile hydraulic crane, i.e., such a crane that is either in the folded non-operating position during transportation or during operation, i.e., in the operating position attached to the chassis of a motor vehicle. Such a crane is usually driven by hydraulic driving means connectable to a hydraulic circuit driven by a vehicle engine.

Background Art

[0002] According to the International Patent Classification (IPC 2022.1 ), such an invention belongs to the fields of transportation and hoisting and can belong to the field of folding cranes corresponding to class B66C 23 / 42.

[0003] The object of the proposed invention is to create a base frame for a mobile hydraulic crane, which enables reliable operation of the crane and normal transmission of forces from the crane to the vehicle chassis, and is essentially simplified from the perspective of accurate manufacturing in mass production compared to at least the base frames known in the state of the art, and further enables modification and adaptation to various requirements by mounting the crane on a specific vehicle or by mounting the crane on various vehicles of different types.

[0004] Considering the natural position of such a crane during normal use on a vehicle, the crane should be properly stabilized and fixed against inclination, settlement, tipping, and undesirable movement in the horizontal plane, at least during its operation, i.e., during the handling of loads. For the purposes of the present application, the expressions "horizontal direction" or "horizontal plane" should be understood as a direction or plane that extends substantially along the ground or parallel to the ground in relation to the position of the crane. Similarly, the expressions "vertical direction" or "vertical plane" mean a direction or plane that extends perpendicular to the ground in relation to the position of the crane.

[0005] The expression "base frame" of a mobile hydraulic crane thus means one of the essential components of the crane, by which the crane can be attached to the chassis of the corresponding vehicle. Thus, a mobile hydraulic crane is provided with such a base frame, in which a crane column is mounted rotatably about a vertical geometric axis, and the column is actually a cantilever beam and needs to be firmly incorporated into the base frame in order to ensure the appropriate load capacity of the crane. The primary crane arm is pivotable about a horizontal geometric axis attached to the column in the region of its free end portion, while in the free end region on the opposite side of the primary arm, optionally, a telescopic secondary crane arm is also pivotable about a horizontal geometric axis attached to the primary arm. The grab is pivotably attached to the free end region of the secondary crane arm, either directly or indirectly via a suitable rotary unit. The primary arm is on the one hand pivotably connected to the column and on the other hand supported by the column by a hydraulic cylinder pivotably connected to the primary arm. Similarly, the secondary arm is on the one hand pivotably connected to the primary arm and on the other hand supported by the primary arm by a hydraulic cylinder pivotably connected to the secondary arm. The hydraulic cylinders are integrated into a hydraulic circuit together with all the attached control components, and this hydraulic circuit can be hydraulically connected to the hydraulic system of the vehicle on which the crane is mounted.

[0006] As described above, the column is rotatable about a vertical geometric axis mounted on the base frame. For this purpose, a substantially cylindrical passage is available in the central portion of the base frame, into which a substantially cylindrical portion of the column can be inserted. Usually, two ball bearings or roller bearings are inserted between the inner wall of the passage in the base frame and the surface of the beam portion, which are appropriately separated from each other in the vertical direction. Such an approach can reliably incorporate the cantilever column and also rotate it about the vertical geometric axis. To rotate the column about the vertical geometric axis, the column is provided with a cylindrical gear on its circumference or in its front region. This cylindrical gear is located in the horizontal plane, arranged parallel to each other, and adapted to interact with a pair of gear racks that can be synchronously displaced in opposite directions to each other in the horizontal plane. Each of the gear racks is displaceable by a hydraulic cylinder, and the two hydraulic cylinders are also mounted in the region of the base frame, extend parallel to each other, and operate in opposite directions to each other. For this purpose, the base frame is provided with two passages that extend parallel to each other and are both arranged in the same horizontal plane. Here, the piston rods of both hydraulic cylinders are arranged together with the gear racks. The gear racks are attached to each of the piston rods, and each of them itself interacts with the gear in the crane column.

[0007] Therefore, the base frame is an essential component of the crane from both the perspective of securely incorporating the column and the perspective of enabling the column to rotate around the vertical geometric axis. However, by disposing and attaching the central region of the base frame to the vehicle chassis, the central portion of the base frame is equipped with a primary beam on one side with respect to the central passage and a secondary beam on the exactly opposite side. That is, in most cases, the vehicle chassis available for mounting the aforementioned crane usually consists of two bearing beams that are parallel to each other in a horizontal plane located at a certain distance from the ground, and each of the bearing beams is formed with a cross-section that is I-shaped, U-shaped, C-shaped or a similar profile, or ultimately as a tube, that is, a square or rectangular tube, or as a box. However, for the purpose of mounting such a crane on the chassis, it is sufficient if, usually facing the opposite side of the ground, each of the bearing beams is provided with a sufficiently large, flat and smooth horizontal plane, and the horizontal planes of both of the bearing beams are also usually located in the same plane.

[0008] The primary beam in the base frame is also known to those skilled in the art as a "bridge", while the secondary beam may also be named a guide bridge or a slewing bridge.

[0009] On the one hand, the primary beam is actually a linear bearing beam with sufficiently high rigidity. The linear bearing beam is suitable for resting on each of the bearing beams of the vehicle chassis on the other hand, which is also flat and tubular. Since the primary beam is arranged transversely to the bearing beam in the vehicle chassis, due to the tubular concept of the primary beam, it is possible to insert a pair of support legs aimed at stabilizing the crane during the operation of the crane into the primary beam. Each support leg includes not only a horizontal beam that can be inserted into the tubular primary beam but also a hydraulically telescopic support leg facing the vertical direction. The horizontal beam is located inside the primary beam of the base frame by the transportation of the crane and is fixed against unwanted pulling out. However, before the operation of the crane, it is usually pulled out to a certain extent and then fixed again so that it cannot be moved further. Then, the attached telescopic legs are extended to rest on the ground. Thereby, the crane is stabilized by the support on the ground at at least two additional points. Furthermore, these points are located at an indispensable distance outside the lower silhouette of the vehicle in such a way. In addition, the primary beam needs to be able to securely attach the base frame to the corresponding vehicle chassis. For this purpose, at least two mounting seats are provided, and each mounting seat is adapted for establishing a reliable interconnection between the base frame and each corresponding bearing beam of the vehicle chassis itself. In fact, such a crane is an independent commercial product with predetermined performance, and it is necessary to keep in mind that it can be purchased and then mounted on any of a number of different vehicles. Crane manufacturers usually offer the sale of several types of cranes that differ from each other in terms of load capacity, various concepts of arm folding, details regarding the position of mounting the crane on each vehicle, or the position of the crane cab with a driver's seat, etc. Therefore, the mounting seats on the primary beam enable a specific crane to be mounted on different vehicles manufactured by different manufacturers, and usually, for example, due to vehicle replacement due to damage, wear, or sale, or, for example, due to modernization, replacement of the crane with another crane, it is necessary to consider the possibility of removing a specific crane from one vehicle and mounting it on another vehicle, and also to enable a certain degree of flexibility.

[0010] The secondary beam is located on the side of the base frame that is exactly opposite to the primary beam with respect to the central passage. Its purpose is to simply place the base frame on the vehicle chassis and establish a highly reliable interconnection between the base frame and at least one of the bearing beams of the vehicle chassis by means of screws. When combined with the concept of the primary beam described above, these measures should, in principle, be sufficient to establish a highly reliable interconnection between the crane and the vehicle chassis. For this purpose, at least one mounting seat is provided on the secondary beam, which is located on the secondary beam in the area above the attached bearing beam of the chassis and needs to be connected by screws. Also, as mentioned in relation to the primary beam, it is necessary to keep in mind that the crane should also be mountable on different vehicles from various manufacturers by means of the secondary beam.

[0011] Some embodiments of the secondary beam are actually known. In the rigid version of the base frame, the secondary beam is made integrally with the central part and usually has two mounting seats separated from each other. Another embodiment of the pivotally arranged secondary beam is also known, and the secondary beam is at a suitable pivot point where it is pivotable about a horizontal geometric axis attached to the central part of the base frame in its central region. Such a secondary beam is either at a single attachment point or at two attachment points, each of which is located on both sides of the pivot point by means of screws that can be interconnected with the corresponding bearing beam of the vehicle chassis. In that case, the secondary beam can rotate in one direction or the other about the pivot point during the operation of the crane, thereby easily adjusting the position of the secondary beam in accordance with the deformations that may occur within the chassis during the operation of the crane. This can be very important from the perspective of the dynamic force transmission from the crane to the vehicle. Because the deformation inside the chassis gradually occurs smoothly in correlation with the forces transmitted from the crane, thereby substantially reducing the impact of the dynamic forces, and from the perspective of the combined resistance to forces and deformations, the interaction between the crane and the vehicle chassis becomes much more efficient, and the risk of damage to the vehicle or the crane due to long-term dynamic stresses can also be reduced accordingly.

[0012] For example, the mobile hydraulic crane disclosed in SI26015A, i.e., International Patent Application No. 2021 / 251901Al (Patent Document 1), includes a base frame for attaching the crane to a vehicle chassis.

[0013] Such a base frame is disclosed, for example, in SI25450Al, i.e., International Patent Application No. 2018 / 222143Al (Patent Document 2), and comprises a central part adapted to house a crane column and to enable its incorporation and, simultaneously, rotation about a vertical geometric axis. On the other hand, the primary beam and the secondary beam are attached to the central part on opposite sides of its diameter and are arranged substantially parallel to each other. Since the primary beam is tubular, it is suitable for incorporating support legs therein, and furthermore, mounting seats are provided at appropriate intervals. The secondary beam is also provided with a pair of mounting seats arranged at appropriate intervals and is firmly connected to the central region. In this particular version of the base frame, the central part is provided with a substantially cylindrical passage for housing the crane column and forms, together with the tubular primary beam and the secondary beam, an integral, i.e., uniform, part which, considering its shape and dimensions, is actually a very bulky and complex part and is usually manufactured from pipes and a plurality of other parts of various shapes and dimensions, which are then assembled and welded to each other. Before assembly and welding, each of them needs to be manufactured carefully and meticulously on its own. The manufacture of such complex parts requires a large amount of material, including considerable losses, not only a large number of welds but also subsequent heat treatment and finishing on machine tools. In this case, even at the stage of preparing all the necessary semi-finished products based on pipes or plates, a considerable amount of time and energy consumption are required. Subsequently, by assembling and welding a large number of parts, a rough shape of the final product is completed, but it is not yet complete at that stage. In addition, such welded complex parts can be considerably deformed due to welding and its residual stresses, and since the internal stresses can be gradually released over time, there is still a possibility that their shape and dimensions will finally change during that time and even during the use of the crane. This problem can be mitigated to some extent by appropriate heat treatment, but it is not completely mitigated, nor is it permanently mitigated.Subsequent machining operations are also a major problem. However, when the rough and complex welded parts are given the necessary functions, such as the possibility of being placed on a flat surface, like a bearing member of a vehicle chassis, the possibility of mounting roller bearings and a crane column, or the possibility of mounting a piston rod and a gear or a hydraulic cylinder with a rack for rotating the column, it cannot be avoided. Machining operations for such complex parts are extremely complex and can be carried out by heavy and expensive machine tools, requiring a significant capital investment. However, in reality, in addition to the above-mentioned, there is another aspect. The expectations of crane users can vary considerably considering the actual needs and situations that can arise from mounting cranes on different vehicles of various manufacturers. As mentioned above, usually, there are several types of available cranes, which differ from each other in terms of, for example, the method of folding the crane arm, capacity, or structural concept. With a particular crane, the central part is arranged exactly in the center of the primary beam, while for other types of cranes, it is necessary to offset the central part in either direction along the primary beam by simultaneously maintaining the full function of the secondary beam. This, in parallel with the above-mentioned complexity of manufacturing, also requires considering different variations of the base frame that need to be assembled, welded, and then machined in an appropriate manner. When a user decides to mount a specific crane on a desired type of vehicle, it means that it is desirable for each type of base frame to already be available.

[0014] As a result, the existing concept of an integrated base frame may, on the one hand, need to substantially meet all requirements from the perspective of its functionality. On the other hand, it may be concluded that it is associated with major problems not only from the perspective of its manufacturing but also from the perspective of the necessary changes arising from the actual needs and requirements resulting from mounting different types of cranes on various vehicles on which such cranes need to be mounted.

[0015] The base frames of similar integrally manufactured hydraulic mobile cranes are also disclosed in several other prior art documents, such as European Patent Application No. 2 947 037 Al (Patent Document 3) (EPSILON Kran GmbH), and International Patent Application No. 2018 / 108523 Al (Patent Document 4) (CARGOTEC PATENTER AB).

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0016]

Patent Document 1

Patent Document 2

Patent Document 3

Patent Document 4

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0017] The existing concepts of integral base frames need to substantially meet all requirements from the perspective of their functionality on the one hand, but on the other hand, are associated with significant problems from the perspective of not only their manufacturing but also the actual needs and requirements arising from the necessary changes due to mounting different types of cranes on various vehicles on which such cranes need to be mounted.

[0018] The present invention relates to a base frame of a mobile hydraulic crane, and the base frame generally comprises the following. - A central part provided with a cylindrical central passage, the central passage being adapted to accommodate the cylindrical part of the crane, its central geometric axis extending in the vertical direction, and the central part also being provided with two spaced-apart through-passages, the through-passages extending in a vertical plane and each being adapted to accommodate a hydraulic cylinder having an attached piston passage and a rack and pinion suitable for interlocking with a gear, whereby the column of the crane is rotatable inside the central passage. - A tubular primary beam arranged on one side of the central part and extending substantially parallel to the through-passage inside the central part, an opening suitable for accommodating a support leg being provided at its end part, and further, in the region of its base frame, a horizontal lower surface suitable for resting on a bearing beam of a vehicle chassis on which the crane can be mounted, the primary beam being located on a vertical side facing the opposite side of the central part and comprising at least two mounting seats arranged in a predetermined region where the primary beam is intended to rest on the bearing beam of the vehicle chassis. - A secondary beam associated with the through-passage for the hydraulic cylinder inside the central part arranged on the opposite side of the central part to the primary beam, the secondary beam having a horizontal lower surface suitable for resting on a bearing beam of a vehicle chassis on which the crane can be mounted in the region of the base frame, the secondary beam being located on a vertical side facing the opposite side of the central part and comprising at least one mounting seat arranged in a predetermined region, and the secondary beam being planned to rest on at least one of the bearing beams of the vehicle chassis.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0019] In view of the above technical problems, the present invention proposes the following. - The central part of the base frame is considered as an independent and uniform component, and there are provided not only a cylindrical passage for accommodating the column of the crane, but also a horizontal passage for accommodating the hydraulic cylinder for controlled rotation about the vertical geometric axis of the column. - The primary beam is considered as an independent and uniform tubular component. Openings for accommodating support legs are provided in its end regions. Further, not only a horizontal lower surface suitable for being placed on the bearing beam of the vehicle chassis, but also at least two mounting seats are provided which are arranged on its vertical surface at predetermined positions corresponding to the said support members of the vehicle chassis. - The secondary beam is considered as an independent and uniform component. Not only a horizontal lower surface suitable for being placed on the said bearing member of the vehicle chassis, but also at least one mounting seat is provided on a vertical side face facing the opposite side of the central portion, which is arranged at a predetermined position corresponding to the said bearing member of the vehicle chassis. The central portion of the base frame is assembled in a form-fixed manner with the primary beam in the region outside the circumference of the said cylindrical central passage extending along the said central geometric axis, and also outside the region of the said through passage, that is, in the region on one side of the said passage. It can be connected to the primary beam securely and removably by a screw joint. The vertical surface of the primary beam having the said mounting seat faces the opposite side of the central portion. On the other hand, on the opposite side of the said through passage, the central portion is also assembled in a form-fixed manner with the secondary beam and can be connected to the secondary beam securely and removably by a screw joint. The primary beam and the secondary beam are arranged parallel to each other, and their lower surfaces are located substantially in the same plane.

[0020] In one embodiment of the embodiments of the present invention, the secondary beam is assembled in a form-fixed manner with the central portion and can be connected to the central portion securely and removably by a screw joint. Further, it is pivotable about a horizontal axis extending perpendicular to each geometric axis of each through passage in the central portion.

[0021] The central portion of the base frame, on the one hand, projects vertically and has a substantially tubular region where the interior of the central passage can be utilized, and on the other hand, has a base region where the through-passages extend parallel to each other. In the base region, on each side of the through-passage, two pairs of spaced-apart protrusions are provided that extend horizontally away from the through-passage and substantially perpendicular to the through-passage, and each of the protrusions is provided with a vertical through-hole. The height of all the protrusions, i.e., the vertical dimension along the geometric axis, is equal. The through-holes are arranged symmetrically with respect to the geometric axis in the longitudinal direction of the central passage and at the corners of a virtual square whose sides are arranged parallel / perpendicular to the through-passage. In this case, it is also preferable if, in the region between each pair of protrusions, a recess is arranged not only by the two flat and facing vertical inner surfaces of two adjacent protrusions on the same side of the through-passage, but also by the vertical intermediate surface of the base region of the central portion where the vertical inner surfaces of the corresponding protrusions are rectangular.

[0022] Furthermore, the primary beam is provided with a flat mounting tongue on its lower horizontal surface and also with a further flat mounting tongue on its upper horizontal surface in the region between the mounting seats. Each of the mounting tongues itself extends horizontally away from the mounting seat. Furthermore, the mounting tongues extend substantially parallel to each other and are separated from each other by a distance corresponding to the height, i.e., the vertical dimension of the protrusions in the central portion. Two through-holes are provided in each of the mounting tongues, and the through-holes in one mounting tongue are arranged coaxially with the through-holes in the other mounting tongue, and the distance between them is separated from each other so as to correspond to the distance between the through-holes of the protrusions in the central portion on the same side as the through-passage.

[0023] Furthermore, a protrusion is formed between the mounting tongues in the primary beam, and the protrusion faces the opposite side of the mounting seat and can be surely and firmly inserted into one of the recesses between two adjacent protrusions in the base region on the same side as the through-passage.

[0024] On one side, the secondary beam is provided with a flat mounting tongue on its lower horizontal plane and an additional flat mounting tongue on its upper horizontal plane. Both of the mounting tongues are directed horizontally away from the mounting seat. Further, both of the mounting tongues are directed in the same direction and extend substantially parallel to each other, and are separated from each other by a distance corresponding to the height, i.e., the vertical dimension of the protrusion at the central portion. Further, two through holes are provided in each of the mounting tongues, and these through holes are arranged coaxially with the through holes in the other mounting tongue, and are separated from each other such that the distance between the mounting tongues corresponds to the distance between the through holes in the protrusion at the central portion on the same side of the through passage.

[0025] A protrusion is also formed on the secondary beam between the two mounting tongues, and the protrusion can be securely and firmly inserted into one of the recesses between two adjacent protrusions in the base region on the same side as the through passage.

[0026] In an embodiment where the secondary beam is pivotally connected at the central portion, the secondary beam consists of a mounting portion and a placement portion. The mounting portion, on the one hand, includes both the mounting tongue and the protrusion, and on the other hand, also includes a pivot pin. The pivot pin is arranged on the vertical plane of the mounting portion in the region between the mounting tongues and protrudes in the direction opposite to the mounting tongue. In order to be pivotally connected to the mounting portion, the placement portion is provided with a through hole in a region where the pivot pin can be arranged, and at least one mounting seat is arranged on the vertical side and the lower surface of the placement portion of the secondary beam, which is adapted for placement on at least one of the bearing members of the vehicle chassis.

[0027] Between the central part and the primary beam having a protrusion inserted into the recess of the base region of the central part, and two protrusions in the base region of the central part are located between the upper and lower mounting tongues of the primary beam. The screw joint is inserted into the vertical through-hole in the protrusion on the same side as the through-passage, and at the same time is also inserted into the hole in the mounting tongue, and corresponding nuts and washers are provided, and is established by screws.

[0028] Between the central part and the secondary beam having a protrusion inserted into the recess of the base region of the central part, and two protrusions in the base region of the central part are located between the upper and lower mounting tongues of the secondary beam. The screw joint is inserted into the vertical through-hole in the protrusion on the same side as the through-passage, and at the same time is also inserted into the hole in the mounting tongue, and corresponding nuts and washers are provided, and is established by screws.

[0029] In one embodiment of the primary beam and thus of the base frame, the mounting tongue is arranged in the central region of the primary beam when observed along the primary beam. In other embodiments, the mounting tongue is arranged outside the central region of the primary beam when observed along the primary beam, so that the central part of the base frame is arranged near one or the other end region of the primary beam.

[0030] Each of the primary beams is itself a uniform part consisting of metal semi-finished products welded to each other, that is, parts that are first cut out separately from a metal plate, appropriately shaped, and then welded to each other.

[0031] In the aforementioned embodiment of the base frame with a pivotable secondary beam, not only at least one mounting seat but also the horizontal mounting surface is provided. The mounting part of the secondary beam that can be pivotally connected to the mounting part is itself a uniform part and consists of metal semi-finished products welded to each other, that is, parts that are first cut out separately from a metal plate, appropriately shaped, and then welded to each other.

[0032] Also, the central part itself consists of metal semi-finished products welded to each other, i.e., at least one tubular metal part and other parts that were initially cut out separately from a metal sheet, appropriately shaped, and then welded to each other and also to the tubular metal part. In an alternative embodiment of the base frame according to the invention, the central part can itself be a machined part made of cast metal or can also be a machined part pre-formed by forging.

[0033] In addition, by fixing the column, especially belonging to a particularly simple crane, the central part of the base frame can be used without primary and secondary beams. In such a case, the central part is thus removably connectable by screws to a rigid bearing plate in the region of its vertical through-hole, and the rigid bearing plate is provided with through-holes which are arranged corresponding to the vertical through-holes in the central part and are aligned coaxially with the vertical through-holes when the central part and the rigid bearing plate (8) are assembled. In this case, the bearing plate may be an integral part of the chassis of the power vehicle or may also be an integral part of the trailer.

[0034] The present invention will be explained in more detail based on embodiments in connection with the accompanying drawings.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0035]

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Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0036] The mobile hydraulic crane 9 (Figs. 1 and 2) itself is known in the prior art as such and comprises a base frame 1, on which a column 91 of the crane 9 is rotatably incorporated about a vertical geometric axis 90, and this column 91 is mounted on the base frame 1 as a cantilever beam. The primary crane arm 92 is pivotable about a horizontal geometric axis 912 attached to the free end region 920 of the column 91, and optionally, the telescopic secondary crane arm 93 is pivotable about a horizontal geometric axis 923 attached to the free end region 930 of the primary arm 92. The grab 95 is pivotably attached directly or via a rotary unit 94 to the free end region of the secondary arm 93. The primary arm 92 is supported on the column 91 by a hydraulic cylinder 931 which is pivotably connected on the one hand to the column 91 and on the other hand is also pivotably connected to the primary arm 92. Similarly, the secondary arm 93 is supported on the primary arm 92 by a hydraulic cylinder 932 which is pivotably connected on the one hand to the primary arm 92 and on the other hand is also pivotably connected to the secondary arm 93. The hydraulic cylinders 931, 932 are integrated, together with the associated control components and optionally together with the hydraulic components of the rotary unit 94 and the grab 95, into a hydraulic circuit of the crane (not shown), and this hydraulic circuit of the crane is optionally hydraulically connected to a hydraulic system in a vehicle (not shown) on which the crane 9 is mounted.

[0037] As described above, the column 91 is mounted on such a base frame 1 and is rotatable about the vertical geometric axis 90. For this purpose, a substantially cylindrical central passage 20 (FIG. 3) extending along the vertical geometric axis 90 of the column 91 is provided in the central portion 2 of the base frame 1. A substantially cylindrical portion 900 of the column 91 is inserted into this central passage 20, and bearings are inserted therebetween at least at appropriate intervals from each other. By such a concept of incorporating the column 91 into the base frame 1, on the one hand, the cantilever column 91 can be reliably held in a predetermined position, and on the other hand, the column 91 can also be rotated about the vertical geometric axis 90 as required. In order to rotate the column 91 about the vertical geometric axis 90, the column 91 is provided with a gear (not shown) on its circumferential surface or on the front surface within the central portion 2 of the base frame 1. This gear is rotatable together with the column 91 and is arranged in a horizontal plane, so that it can be interlocked with a pair of gear racks (not shown). These gear racks are arranged parallel to each other in the horizontal plane, and each of them is displaceable in the longitudinal direction but displaceable in opposite directions with respect to each other. Each of the gear racks is mounted within the region of the central portion 2 of the base frame 1 and extends parallel to each other, but is displaceable by hydraulic cylinders 201, 202 that act in opposite directions at the same time. For this purpose, two through passages 201', 202' that extend parallel to each other and are located in the same horizontal plane are provided in the central portion 2 of the base frame 1. Thereby, the piston passages of the cylinders 201, 202 are inserted into the through passages 201', 202' together with the gear racks (not shown) that are predicted to be interlocked with the gear (not shown) in the column 91.

[0038] In order to position and connect the central portion 2 to the vehicle chassis 7, a primary beam 3 is provided on one side of the cylindrical central passage 20 of the central portion 2, and a secondary beam 4 is provided on the diametrically opposite side. The vehicle chassis 7 (FIG. 2) suitable for mounting the crane 9 consists of at least two bearing beams 71, 72 in the region for mounting the crane 9. These bearing beams are located at a certain distance from the ground, extend parallel to each other in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, and their cross-sections can be used as an I-shaped or C-shaped or similar profile, or are tubular, such as a square or rectangular pipe. However, in order to mount the crane 9 thereon, usually, it is sufficient that each of the bearing beams 71, 72 faces the opposite side of the ground and a sufficiently wide, smooth and flat surface is provided. Usually, these surfaces of both bearing beams 71, 72 need to be located in the same plane.

[0039] The primary beam 3, the so-called bridge, is usually a longitudinally beam with sufficient rigidity and is suitable for being placed at a position away from the ground facing each of the bearing beams 71, 72, and is also tubular at the same time. That is, in the region of the lower horizontal plane 31' facing the ground and directed in the transverse direction by the chassis 7, the tubular concept of the primary beam 3 resting on the bearing beams 71, 72 of the chassis 7 enables the incorporation of the support legs 61, 62 of the crane 9, and these support legs are intended to support and stabilize the crane 9 during the operation of the crane 9. Each of the support legs 61, 62 includes not only horizontal beams 611, 621 that can be inserted into the respective tubular openings 30', 30'' in the primary beam 3 of the base frame 1 but also vertical hydraulic support parts 612, 622 that protrude toward the ground and can be telescopically extended. The horizontal beams 611, 621 of the support legs 61, 62 are pushed into the interior of the tubular primary beam 3 of the base frame 1 while the crane 9 is being transported in a folded state and are further fixed against undesired pulling out therefrom. Before using the crane 9, it is necessary to pull out the horizontal beams 611, 621 of the support legs 61, 62 to a desired length and then fix them against further undesired displacement, whereby the telescopic vertical support parts 612, 622 extend to the ground, so that the crane is additionally supported at at least two further points located outside the vertical silhouette of the vehicle in that way. Also, since the primary beam 3 needs to securely attach the crane 9 to the vehicle chassis 7, at least two mounting seats 31, 32 are provided on the vertical side surface 33'' facing the opposite side of the central portion 2, and each of the mounting seats 31, 32 is itself adapted to establish a secure screw joint between the base frame 1 and each of the bearing beams 71, 72 of the chassis 7. The term "mounting seat" for the purposes of the present application means a position in a suitably rigid, stable, and correspondingly reinforced beam, and the beam can withstand the essential static and dynamic stresses and can transmit those stresses to the beam within a limited local area without the risk of overload or excessive deformation occurring inside the material of the beam.

[0040] The crane 9 can thus usually be mounted on different vehicles. The mounting seats 31, 32 on the primary beams 3 of the base frame 1 are designed to enable the mounting of the crane 9 on different vehicles from various manufacturers, and in fact, the replacement of the vehicle, for example, due to damage, wear, or sale of the vehicle, or in some cases, the replacement of the crane 9, and the transfer of a certain crane 9 from one vehicle to another. In the illustrated embodiment (Figure 2), the primary beam 3 is in the respective regions of the mounting seats 31, 32 in the base frame 1 that are placed on the corresponding bearing beams 71, 72 of the vehicle chassis 7, and is firmly screwed to each attached bearing beam 71, 72 by means of a C-shaped clamp 38 with a pair of threaded arms, a sufficiently rigid plate 38', and the corresponding nut 38'', as well as washers. In this way, a technically correct interconnection is established between the crane 9 and the vehicle chassis, the load performance and stress can be determined mathematically, it can be efficiently protected against corrosion, and can be disassembled if necessary. However, those skilled in the art will undoubtedly understand that there are also other possibilities for establishing the said interconnection between the crane 9 and the vehicle chassis 7.

[0041] With respect to the central portion 2 of the base frame 1, the secondary beam 4, which is arranged substantially parallel or exactly opposite to the primary beam 3, is simply intended to place the base frame 1 on the bearing beams 71, 72 of the vehicle chassis 7, and at the same time, to establish a reliable screw joint between the base frame 1 and at least one of the bearing beams 71, 72 of the vehicle chassis 7. In combination with the primary beam 2, it should be sufficient to establish a highly reliable mutual connection between the crane 9 and the vehicle chassis 7. For this purpose, at least one mounting seat 41, 42 is provided on the secondary beam 4, and the mounting seats are in the secondary beam 4 arranged in the region above the corresponding bearing beams 71, 72 of the vehicle chassis 7, and these need to be interconnected by screw joints. Also in this case, it is necessary to keep in mind the requirements referring to the mounting of different vehicles of various manufacturers of the crane 9, and the screw joint can be established in substantially the same manner as described in relation to the primary beam 3, that is, by means of screwed clamps, plates, and corresponding nuts.

[0042] Various embodiments of the secondary beam 4 are actually known. In the rigid embodiment, the secondary beam 4 is rigidly interconnected with the central part 2 and is provided with two mounting seats 41, 42 which are usually spaced apart from each other. In the pivoting embodiment of the secondary beam 4, the rigid secondary beam 4 is pivotable about a horizontal geometric axis connected to the central part 2 in its central region, i.e., at a suitable pivoting point. Such a pivoting secondary beam 4 is connected to the corresponding bearing beams 71, 72 of the vehicle chassis 7 by suitable screw joints by means of two mounting seats 41, 42 arranged on each side of said pivoting point within the region of one mounting seat 41 or, optionally, by itself. Thereby, during the operation of the crane 9, such a pivoting secondary beam 4 can pivot in one direction or the other direction, and thus can very easily adapt to the deformation of the vehicle chassis 7 that may occur during the operation of the crane 9. This can bring certain advantages from the perspective of dynamic load transmission. Because the deformations in each of the bearing beams 71, 72 of the vehicle chassis 7 can occur gradually and with less stress independently of each other only in response to the load environment of the crane 9, the influence of dynamic stress can be reduced accordingly, and from the perspective of load transmission and adaptation to deformation, the interaction between the crane and the vehicle chassis 7 is essentially improved, and as a result, the risk of damage to both the vehicle and the crane 9 is also essentially reduced.

[0043] In the context of the present invention, the object is the base frame 1 of the mobile hydraulic crane 9, which thus comprises the central part 2, the primary beam 3, and the secondary beam 4. Similar to some other solutions known from the prior art (Figs. 1 - 6), the central part 2 is provided with a cylindrical central passage 20, which is adapted to accommodate the cylindrical part 900 of the crane 9, whose central geometric axis 90 extends in the vertical direction. Further, two through-passages 201’, 202’ spaced apart from each other are also provided, which extend in a vertical plane and are adapted to accommodate the hydraulic cylinders 201, 202 having an attached piston passage and a rack and pinion suitable for interlocking with a gear, whereby the column 91 of the crane (9) is rotatable inside the central passage 20. Similar to the known solutions, the tubular primary beam 3 is arranged on one side of the central part 2 and extends substantially parallel to the through-passages 201’, 202’ inside the central part 2, and at its ends, openings 30’, 30’’ suitable for accommodating the support legs 61, 62 are provided. Further, the primary beam 3 is provided with a horizontal lower surface 33’ suitable for resting on the bearing beams 71, 72 of the vehicle chassis 7 on which the crane 9 can be mounted in the region of the base frame 1. In addition, the primary beam 3 comprises at least two mounting seats 31, 32, which are located on the vertical side surface 33’’ facing the opposite side of the central part 2 and are arranged in a predetermined region, in which region the primary beam 3 is intended to be placed on the bearing beams 71, 72 of the vehicle chassis 7. Also, similar to the known solutions, the secondary beam 4 is also arranged on the opposite side of the central part 2 with respect to the primary beam 3 with respect to the through-passages 201’, 202’ for arranging the hydraulic cylinders 201, 202 inside the central part 2, and in the region of the base frame 1, it is provided with a horizontal lower surface 44’ suitable for resting on the bearing beams 71, 72 of the vehicle chassis 7 on which the crane 9 can be mounted.Furthermore, the secondary beam 4 is located on a vertical side surface 44'' facing the opposite side of the central portion 2, and is provided with at least one mounting seat 41, 42 disposed in a predetermined region planned such that the secondary beam 4 is placed on at least one of the bearing beams 71, 72 of the vehicle chassis 7.

[0044] However, in the context of solving the above-described technical problems, the central portion 2 of the base frame 1 is considered as an independent and uniform component, and not only the cylindrical passage 20 for accommodating the column 91 of the crane 9, but also horizontal passages 201', 201'' for accommodating hydraulic cylinders 201, 202 for the controlled rotation of the column 91 about the vertical geometric axis 90 are provided. Further, the present invention provides that the primary beam 3 is considered as an independent and uniform tubular component, and openings for accommodating support legs 61, 62 are provided in its end regions, and further, not only a horizontal lower surface 33' suitable for being placed on the bearing beams 71, 72 of the vehicle chassis 7, but also at least two mounting seats 31, 32 arranged on its vertical surface 33'' at predetermined positions corresponding to the bearing members 71, 72 of the vehicle chassis 7 are provided. Further, the present invention provides that the secondary beam 4 is considered as an independent and uniform component, and not only a horizontal lower surface 44'' suitable for resting on the bearing members 71, 72 of the vehicle chassis 7, but also at least one mounting seat 41, 42 arranged at a predetermined position corresponding to the bearing members 71, 72 of the vehicle chassis 7 is provided on its vertical side surface 44'' facing the opposite side of the central portion 2. The present invention further proposes that the central portion 2 of the base frame 1 is assembled in a form-fitting manner with the primary beam 3 outside the circumference of the cylindrical central passage 20 extending along the central geometric axis 90 and also outside the region of the through-passages 201', 202', that is, on one side of the passages 201', 202', and can be securely and removably connected to the primary beam 3 by a screw joint 23, and the primary beam 3 has its vertical surface 33'' having the mounting seats 31, 32 facing the opposite side of the central portion 2. The present invention further proposes that also on the opposite side of the through-passages 202', 202', the central portion 2 is assembled in a form-fitting manner with the secondary beam 4 and can be securely and removably connected to the secondary beam 4 by a screw joint 24, and the primary beam 3 and the secondary beam 4 are arranged parallel to each other, and their lower surfaces 33', 44' are located substantially in the same plane. Details regarding the form-fitting assembly and the removable connection of the central portion 2 with the primary beam 3 on the one hand and the secondary beam 4 on the other hand will be explained later.

[0045] In an embodiment of the present invention, the secondary beam 4 is assembled with the central portion 2 in a substantially shape-fixed manner and can be securely and removably connected to the central portion 2 by the screw joint 24. Further, it is predicted that the secondary beam 4 can pivot about a horizontal axis 40 extending perpendicular to each geometric axis of each through passage 201’, 202’ of the central portion 2. In such a case, the secondary beam 4 is securely connected to the central portion 2 on one hand and connected to the chassis 7 on the other hand. Preferably, only one of the bearing beams 71, 72 of the chassis 7 is connected to the secondary beam 4 by only one mounting seat 41 to only one of the arms on one side of the pivot point, while the other arm on the opposite side of the pivot point is simply placed on the other bearing beam 71, 72 of the chassis 7 and is not connected therebetween.

[0046] In the context of an efficient solution from the perspective of the shape - fixing mutual connection between the central part 2 and the primary beam 3, the present invention proposes that the central part 2 should comprise not only a substantially tubular region 251 that extends in the vertical direction and in which the central passage 20 is formed, but also a base region 252 in which the through - passages 201’, 202’ extend parallel to each other (Figs. 7 and 8). In the base region 252, on each side of the through - passages 201’, 202’, two pairs of projections 261’, 262’; 261’’, 262’’ are provided which are spaced apart from each other, extend horizontally away from the through - passages 201’, 202’, and extend substantially perpendicular to the through - passages 201’, 202’. Each of the projections 261’, 262’; 261’’, 262’’ is provided with vertical through - holes 271, 272’; 271’’, 272’’, and furthermore, all the projections 261’, 262’; 261’’, 262’’ have the same height, that is, the vertical dimension along the geometric axis 90 is the same. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the through - holes 271, 272’; 271’’, 272’’ are arranged symmetrically with respect to the geometric axis 90 in the longitudinal direction of the central passage 20, and their sides are arranged at the corners of a virtual square whose sides are arranged parallel / perpendicular to the through - passages 201’, 202’. In addition, in the region between each pair of projections 261’, 262’; 261’’, 262’’, recesses 28, 28’ are arranged. The recesses are formed not only by two flat and facing - each - other vertical inner surfaces 281, 282 of two adjacent projections 261’, 262’; 261’’, 262’’ on the same side of the through - passages 201’, 202’, but also by the vertical intermediate surface 280 in the base region 252 of the central part 2, where the vertical inner surfaces 281, 282 of the corresponding projections 261’, 262’; 261’’, 262’’ are rectangular.

[0047] On one hand, in the region between the mounting seats 31 and 32 of the primary beam 3, a flat mounting tongue piece 36'' is provided on its lower horizontal plane 33', and a further flat mounting tongue piece 36' is provided on its upper horizontal plane 34'. Each of the mounting tongue pieces 36' and 36'' itself extends horizontally away from the mounting seats 31 and 32. Further, the mounting tongue pieces 36' and 36'' extend substantially parallel to each other and are separated from each other by a distance corresponding to the height, i.e., the vertical dimension of the protrusions 261', 262'; 261'', 262'' in the central portion 2. Furthermore, each of the mounting tongue pieces 36' and 36'' is provided with two through holes 361', 362'; 361'', 362'', and the through holes 361', 362' of one mounting tongue piece 36' are coaxially arranged with the through holes 361'', 362'' of the other mounting tongue piece 36'', and the distance between them is separated from each other so as to correspond to the distance between the through holes 271', 272'; 271'', 272'' of the protrusions 261', 262'; 261'', 262'' in the central portion 2 on the same side as the through passages 201', 202'. A protrusion 37 facing the opposite side of the mounting seats 31 and 32 is formed in the region between the mounting tongue pieces 36' and 36'', and can be surely and firmly inserted into one of the recesses 28, 28' between two adjacent protrusions 261', 262'; 261'', 262'' of the base region 252 on the same side as the through passages 201', 202'.

[0048] Similarly, the secondary beam 4 also has a flat mounting tongue 46' provided on its lower horizontal plane 43' and a flat mounting tongue 46'' provided on its upper horizontal plane 44'. Both of the mounting tongues 46', 46'' are directed horizontally away from the mounting seats 31, 32. Further, both of the mounting tongues 46', 46'' are directed in the same direction and extend substantially parallel to each other, and are separated from each other by a distance corresponding to the height, i.e., the vertical dimension of the protrusions 261', 262'; 261'', 262'' in the central portion 2. Each of the mounting tongues 46', 46'' is provided with two through holes 461', 462', 461'', 462'', and the through holes 461', 462' in one mounting tongue 46' are coaxially arranged with the through holes 461'', 462'' in the other mounting tongue 46', and the distance between them is separated from each other so as to correspond to the distance between the through holes 271, 272', 271'', 272'' in the protrusions 261', 262', 261'', 262'' in the central portion 2 on the same side as the through passages 201', 202'. Further, a protrusion 47'' is formed between the mounting tongues 46', 46'', and this protrusion 47'' can be surely and firmly inserted into one of the recesses 28, 28' between two adjacent protrusions 261', 262'; 261'', 262'' in the base region 252 on the same side as the through passages 201', 202'.

[0049] As soon as the primary beam 3 is inserted into the recesses 28, 28' on one side of the central portion 2 by its protrusion 37 and the secondary beam 4 is inserted into the corresponding recesses 28, 28' on the opposite side of the central portion 2 by its protrusion 47'', the shape - fixing mutual connection between the central portion 2 and the primary beam 3 and the secondary beam 4 is established, and then it is further fixed by the screw joints 23, 24. The establishment of the shape - fixing mutual connection is important to achieve the required rigidity of the base frame 1 assembled in such a way at a level similar to that of the base frames known in the prior art.

[0050] In an alternative embodiment of the base frame 1 with a pivotable secondary beam 4, the secondary beam 4 consists of a mounting portion 410 and a placement portion 420. The mounting portion 410 includes the mounting tongue pieces 46', 46'' together with the protrusion 47'', and on the other hand, it is arranged on the vertical plane 41' of the mounting portion 410 in the region between the mounting tongue pieces 46', 46'', and also includes a pivot pin 47 protruding in a direction opposite to the mounting tongue pieces 46', 46''. A through hole 47' is provided in the placement portion 420 of the secondary beam 4, and the region thereof can be arranged on the pivot pin 47 for pivotably connecting with the mounting portion 410. The at least one mounting seat 41, 42 on the vertical side surface 44' and the lower surface 43' adapted for arrangement on at least one of the bearing members 71, 72 of the vehicle chassis 7 is arranged on the placement portion 420 of the secondary beam 4.

[0051] The screw joint 23 between the central portion 2 and the primary beam 3 is established by screws 51, 52 with its protrusion 37 inserted into the recess 28 of the base region 252 of the central portion 2. Two protrusions 261', 262'; 261'', 262'' in the base region 252 of the central portion 2 are located between the upper and lower mounting tongue pieces 36', 36'' of the primary beam 3. The screws 51, 52 are inserted through the vertical through holes 271', 272' in the protrusions 261', 262' on the same side of the through passages 201', 202', and at the same time are also inserted through the holes 361', 362; '361'', 362'' in the mounting tongue pieces 36', 36'', and corresponding nuts 51', 52' and washers are provided.

[0052] Similarly, the screw joint 24 between the central part 2 and the secondary beam 4 is established by the protrusion 47'' being inserted into the recess 28'' in the base region 252 of the central part 2 and by screws 53, 54. Two protrusions 261', 262', 261'', 262'' in the base region 252 of the central part 2 are located between the upper and lower mounting tongues 46', 46'' of the secondary beam 4. The screws 53, 54 are inserted through the vertical through-holes 271'', 272'' in the protrusions 261'', 262'' on the same side of the through-passages 201', 202', and at the same time, are also inserted through the holes 461', 462'; 461'', 462'' in the mounting tongues 36', 36'', and corresponding nuts 53', 54' and washers are provided.

[0053] When observed in the longitudinal direction of the primary beam (3), the mounting tongues 36', 36'' can be arranged in the central region of the primary beam 3 (Figure 12) or outside the central region of the primary beam 3 (Figures 13 and 14). In fact, by choosing from these possibilities, the position of the central part 2 with respect to the primary beam 3 and the bearing beams 71, 72 of the vehicle chassis 7 is determined. However, this clearly shows that in practice, a single and same central part 2 can be combined with any of the different primary beams 3 according to Figures 12 - 14, and can also be combined with any of the different secondary beams 4 according to Figures 7 - 8 or Figures 9 - 10.

[0054] The present invention further provides that the primary beam 3 itself is a uniform component formed from metal semi-finished products welded to each other, that is, initially each of which is separately cut from a metal sheet, appropriately shaped, and then welded to each other. In an embodiment provided with a rigid secondary beam 4 or a pivotable secondary beam 4, not only at least one mounting seat 41, 42 but also the horizontal placement surface 43' are provided. The placement portion 420 of the secondary beam 2 that can be pivotally connected to the mounting portion 410 is itself a uniform component, which is composed of metal semi-finished products. The metal semi-finished products are initially separately cut from a metal sheet, appropriately shaped, and then assumed to be welded to each other. Furthermore, the central portion 2 itself is a uniform component composed of metal semi-finished products welded to each other, that is, at least one tubular metal component and other components. These components are initially separately cut from a metal sheet, appropriately shaped, and then welded to each other and also to the tubular metal component. However, alternatively, according to the teachings of the present invention, the central portion 2 can itself be a machined component made of cast metal or a machined component pre-formed by forging.

[0055] As can be seen from the foregoing description, the manufacture of each such independent component of the base frame 1, namely the central portion 2, the primary beam 3, and the secondary beam 3, is not essentially more complex than the manufacture of the huge and complex base frame 1 known in the prior art. As described above, the possibility of combining different versions of the primary beam 3 and / or the secondary beam 4 with a single version of the central portion 2 can further contribute to achieving a synergistic effect, which also leads to avoiding a number of serious problems and significantly improving economic benefits.

[0056] As is known, simplified cranes with lower capacities are also actually used and can be attached to vehicles or, for example, trailers such as tractor-trailers. In these situations, the central part 2 does not need to be combined with the primary beam 3 and the secondary beam 4 and is thus applicable. For this purpose, the central part 2 is removably connectable to the rigid bearing plate 8 by screws 51, 52, 53, 54 within the regions of the vertical through-holes 271’, 272’; 271’’, 272’’. The rigid bearing plate 8 is provided with through-holes 81, 82, 83, 84, which are arranged corresponding to the vertical through-holes 271’, 272’; 271’’, 272’’ in the central part 2 and are aligned coaxially with these vertical through-holes 271’, 272’; 271’’, 272’’ when the central part 2 and the plate 8 are assembled. And, as described above, the bearing plate 8 is an integral part of the chassis 7 of the power vehicle or the trailer.

Claims

1. A base frame (1) of a mobile hydraulic crane (9), comprising: - A central portion (2) provided with a cylindrical central passage (20), the central passage being adapted to accommodate a cylindrical portion (900) of the mobile hydraulic crane (9), the central geometric axis (90) of which extends in the vertical direction, and the central portion (2) is also provided with two spaced-apart through passages (201’, 202’), the through passages (201’, 202’) extending in a vertical plane and adapted to accommodate hydraulic cylinders (201, 202) having an attached piston passage and a rack and pinion suitable for interlocking with a gear, whereby the column (91) of the mobile hydraulic crane (9) is rotatable inside the central passage (20), a central portion (2); - A tubular primary beam (3) disposed on one side of the central portion (2) and extending substantially parallel to the through passages (201’, 202’) inside the central portion (2), the end portions of which are provided with openings (30’, 30’’) suitable for accommodating support legs (61, 62), and further, in the region of the base frame (1), a horizontal lower surface (33’) suitable for resting on bearing beams (71, 72) of a vehicle chassis (7) on which the mobile hydraulic crane (9) can be mounted, the primary beam (3) being located on a vertical side surface (33’’) facing the opposite side of the central portion (2), and the primary beam (3) being provided with at least two mounting seats (31, 32) arranged in a predetermined region intended to be placed on the bearing beams (71, 72) of the vehicle chassis (7), a tubular primary beam (3); - Related to the through-passages (201', 202') for the hydraulic cylinders (201, 202) inside the central portion (2) disposed on the side opposite to the primary beam (3) of the central portion (2), in the region of the base frame (1), having a horizontal lower surface (44') suitable for resting on the bearing beams (71, 72) of the vehicle chassis (7) on which the mobile hydraulic crane (9) can be mounted, a secondary beam (4), wherein the secondary beam (4) is located on the vertical side surface (44'') facing the opposite side of the central portion (2) and is provided with at least one mounting seat (41, 42) disposed in a predetermined region, and in the base frame (1) comprising the secondary beam (4) planned to be placed on at least one of the bearing beams (71, 72) of the vehicle chassis (7), - The central portion (2) of the base frame (1) is considered as an independent and uniform component, and not only the cylindrical passage (20) for accommodating the column (91) of the mobile hydraulic crane (9), but also horizontal passages (201', 201'') for accommodating the hydraulic cylinders (201, 202) for controlled rotation about the vertical geometric axis (90) of the column (91) are provided, - The primary beam (3) is considered as an independent and uniform tubular component, and openings for accommodating the support legs (61, 62) are provided in its end regions. Further, not only a horizontal lower surface (33') suitable for resting on the bearing beams (71, 72) of the vehicle chassis (7), but also at least two mounting seats (31, 32) are provided which are disposed on its vertical surface (33'') at predetermined positions corresponding to the bearing members (71, 72) of the vehicle chassis (7), - The secondary beam (4) is considered as an independent and uniform component, and not only a horizontal lower surface (44'') suitable for resting on the bearing members (71, 72) of the vehicle chassis (7), but also at least one mounting seat (41, 42) is provided on the vertical side surface (44'') facing the opposite side of the central portion (2) at a predetermined position corresponding to the bearing members (71, 72) of the vehicle chassis (7), The central portion (2) of the base frame (1) is located outside the circumference of the cylindrical central passage (20) extending along the central geometric axis (90), and also outside the region of the through-passages (201’, 202’), that is, on one side of the through-passages (201’, 202’). It is assembled in a form-fixed manner with the primary beam (3) and can be securely and removably connected to the primary beam (3) by a screw joint (23). The vertical plane (33’’) of the primary beam (3) having the mounting seats (31, 32) faces the opposite side of the central portion (2). On the other hand, on the opposite side of the through-passages (202’, 202’), the central portion (2) is also assembled in a form-fixed manner with the secondary beam (4) and can be securely and removably connected to the secondary beam (4) by a screw joint (24). The primary beam (3) and the secondary beam (4) are arranged parallel to each other, and their lower surfaces (33’, 44’) are located substantially in the same plane. The base frame (1) is characterized by this.

2. The secondary beam (4) is assembled in a form-fixed manner with the central portion (2) and can be securely and removably connected to the central portion (2) by a screw joint (24). Further, it is pivotable about a horizontal axis (40) extending perpendicular to the geometric axis of each through-passage (201’, 202’) in the central portion (2). The base frame (1) according to claim 1 is characterized by this.

3. The central portion (2) projects in the vertical direction and includes not only a substantially tubular region (251) where the interior of the central passageway (20) is available, but also a base region (252) where the through-passageways (201', 202') extend parallel to each other. On the base region (252), on each side of the through-passageways (201', 202'), spaced apart from the through-passageways (201', 202') in the horizontal direction and extending substantially perpendicular to the through-passageways (201', 202'), two pairs of projections (261', 262'; 261'', 262'') are provided. Each of the projections (261', 262'; 261'', 262'') is provided with a vertical through-hole (271, 272'; 271'', 272''), and the height of all the projections (261', 262'; 261'', 262''), that is, the vertical dimension along the geometric axis (90) is equal. The base frame (1) according to claim 1 or claim 2 is characterized in that.

4. The through-holes (271, 272'; 271'', 272'') are arranged at the corners of a virtual square with sides parallel / perpendicular to the through-passageways (201', 202') symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal geometric axis (90) of the central passageway (20). The base frame (1) according to claim 3 is characterized in that.

5. In the region between each pair of projections (261', 262'; 261'', 262''), not only by two flat and facing vertical inner surfaces (281, 282) of two adjacent projections (261', 262'; 261'', 262'') on the same side of the through-passageways (201', 202''), but also by a recess (28, 28') formed by a vertical intermediate surface (280) in the base region (252) of the central portion (2), where the vertical inner surfaces (281, 282) of the corresponding projections (261', 262'; 261'', 262'') are rectangular. The base frame (1) according to claim 3 or claim 4 is characterized in that.

6. The primary beam (3) is provided, in the region between the mounting seats (31, 32), with a flat mounting tongue (36'') on its lower horizontal plane (33'), and with a further flat mounting tongue (36') on its upper horizontal plane (34'). Each of the mounting tongues (36', 36'') extends horizontally away from the mounting seats (31, 32) by itself. The mounting tongues (36', 36'') extend substantially parallel to each other and are separated from each other by a distance corresponding to the height, i.e., the vertical dimension of the protrusions (261', 262'; 261'', 262'') in the central portion (2). Each of the mounting tongues (36', 36'') is provided with two through-holes (361', 362'; 361'', 362''). The two through-holes (361', 362'; 361'', 362'') are arranged coaxially, with the through-holes (361', 362') in one mounting tongue (36') and the through-holes (361'', 362'') in the other mounting tongue (36''), and the distance between them is separated from each other so as to correspond to the distance between the through-holes (271', 272'; 271'', 272'') in the protrusions (261', 262'; 261'', 262'') in the central portion (2) on the same side as the through-passages (201', 202''). The base frame (1) according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that

7. A protrusion (37) is formed between the mounting tongues (36', 36''), the protrusion (37) faces away from the opposite side of the mounting seats (31, 32), and is securely and firmly insertable into one of the recesses (28, 28') between two adjacent protrusions (261', 262'; 261'', 262'') in the base region (252) on the same side as the through-passages (201', 202'). The base frame (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that

8. The secondary beam (4) is provided with a flat mounting tongue (46') on its lower horizontal plane (43') and a flat mounting tongue (46'') on its upper horizontal plane (44'). The mounting tongues (46', 46'') are both directed horizontally away from the mounting seats (31, 32). The mounting tongues (46', 46'') are both directed in the same direction and extend substantially parallel to each other. They are separated from each other by a distance corresponding to the height, i.e., the vertical dimension of the protrusions (261', 262'; 261'', 262'') in the central portion (2). Each of the mounting tongues (46', 46'') is provided with two through holes (461', 462'; 461'', 462''). The through holes (461', 462'; 461'', 462'') in one mounting tongue (46') are coaxially arranged with the through holes (461'', 462'') in the other mounting tongue (46''), and the distance between them is separated from each other so as to correspond to the distance between the through holes (271, 272'; 271'', 272'') in the protrusions (261', 262'; 261'', 262'') in the central portion (2) on the same side as the through passages (201', 202'). The base frame (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that.

9. A protrusion (47'') is formed between the mounting tongues (46', 46''), and the protrusion (47'') can be surely and firmly inserted into one of the recesses (28, 28') between two adjacent protrusions (261', 262'; 261'', 262'') in the base region (252) on the same side as the through passages (201', 202'). The base frame (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that.

10. The secondary beam (4) consists of a mounting portion (410). The mounting portion (410) includes, on one hand, both the mounting tongue pieces (46', 46'') and the protrusion (47''), and on the other hand, also includes a pivot pin (47). The pivot pin (47) is arranged on the vertical plane (41') of the mounting portion (410) in the region between the mounting tongue pieces (46', 46''), not only protruding in the direction opposite to the mounting tongue pieces (46', 46''), but also arranged on the vertical plane (41') of the placement portion (420) provided with a through hole (47'). The through hole (47') can be arranged on the pivot pin (47) for pivotally connecting with the mounting portion (420) in the region of the placement portion (420), and is adapted for arrangement in at least one of the bearing members (71, 72) of the vehicle chassis (7). At least one mounting seat (41, 42) is arranged on the placement portion (420) of the secondary beam (4) on the vertical side surface (44') and the lower surface (43'), characterized in that the base frame (1) according to claim 2 or claim 9.

11. The screw joint (23) between the central portion (2) and the primary beam (3) whose protrusion (37) is inserted into the recess (28) in the base region (252) of the central portion (2) is established by screws (51, 52). Two protrusions (261', 262'; 261'', 262'') in the base region (252) of the central portion (2) are located between the upper and lower mounting tongue pieces (36', 36'') of the primary beam (3). The screws (51, 52) are inserted through the vertical through holes (271', 272') in the protrusions (261', 262') on the same side as the through passages (201', 202'), and at the same time, are also inserted through the through holes (361', 362; 361'', 362'') in the mounting tongue pieces (36', 36''), and corresponding nuts (51', 52') and washers are provided, characterized in that the base frame (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

12. The screw joint (24) between the central part (2) and the secondary beam (4) with its projection (47'') inserted into the recess (28') in the base region (252) of the central part (2) is established by screws (53, 54), and two projections (261', 262'; 261'', 262'') in the base region (252) of the central part (2) are located between the upper and lower mounting tongue pieces (46', 46'') of the secondary beam (4). The screws (53, 54) are inserted through the vertical through-holes (271'', 272'') in the projections (261'', 262'') on the same side as the through-passages (201', 202'), and at the same time, they are also inserted through the through-holes (461', 462'; 461'', 462'') in the mounting tongue pieces (36', 36''), and corresponding nuts (53', 54') and washers are provided. The base frame (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that.

13. The mounting tongue pieces (36', 36''), when observed along the primary beam (3), are arranged in the central region of the primary beam (3). The base frame (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that.

14. The mounting tongue pieces (36', 36''), when observed along the primary beam (3), are arranged outside the central region of the primary beam (3). The base frame (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that.

15. The primary beam (3) itself is a uniform component formed from metal semi-finished products welded to each other, that is, parts that were initially cut out separately from metal plates, appropriately shaped, and then welded to each other. The base frame (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that.

16. Not only at least one mounting seat (41, 42) but also a horizontal placement surface (43') is provided. The placement part (420) of the secondary beam (2) that can be pivotally connected to the mounting part (410) is itself a uniform component and consists of metal semi-finished products that were initially cut out separately from metal plates, appropriately shaped, and then welded to each other. The base frame (1) according to any one of claims 2, 9, and 10, characterized in that.

17. The central part (2) is, in itself, a homogeneous part consisting of metal semi-finished products welded to each other, i.e., at least one tubular metal part and other parts which were initially cut out separately from a metal sheet, appropriately shaped, and then welded to each other and also to the tubular metal part. The base frame (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 16 is characterized by this.

18. The central part (2) is, in itself, a machined part made of cast metal. The base frame (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 16 is characterized by this.

19. The central part (2) is, in itself, a machined part and is pre-shaped by forging. The base frame (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 16 is characterized by this.

20. In the region of the vertical through-holes (271’, 272’; 271’’, 272’’) of the central part (2), it can be removably connected to a rigid bearing plate (8) by screws (51, 52, 53, 54). The rigid bearing plate (8) is provided with through-holes (81, 82, 83, 84). The through-holes (81, 82, 83, 84) are arranged corresponding to the vertical through-holes (271’, 272’; 271’’, 272’’) in the central part (2). When the central part (2) and the rigid bearing plate (8) are assembled, they are aligned coaxially with the vertical through-holes. The base frame (1) according to any one of claims 3 to 4 and claims 17 to 19 is characterized by this.

21. The rigid bearing plate (8) is an integral part of the locomotive chassis (7). The base frame (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 20 is characterized by this.

22. The rigid bearing plate (8) is an integral part of the trailer. The base frame (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 20 is characterized by this.

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