How to install an anchor system

Abstract

How to install an anchor system The present invention relates to an anchor system that is used by embedding it in a borehole drilled in the seabed. The borehole has a first upper end and a second lower end. The dimension of the cross section of the second upper end is smaller than the dimension of the cross section of the second upper end. The method also includes filling the borehole with a fixing medium. Furthermore, this anchor system is equipped with an anchor pile and a member for dissipating horizontal loads. Using the system, an anchor pile is installed at the bottom of the first section, and a member is installed to release the horizontal load to other sections. The second upper end is installed at an interval from the anchor pile, and a fixing bolt is inserted into the borehole. Fill with medium.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention is a method for installing an anchor system. It is desirable to keep it in place. [Background technology]

[0002] Various anchoring systems are known in the art, including driven, suction, and implantable anchoring systems. However, such systems have been found to have several drawbacks. Commonly used anchor systems are limited to use on specific seabed conditions. This is costly and time-consuming. In floating offshore wind (FOW) projects, geological conditions can vary significantly within a single site. As a result, traditional anchor systems are not suitable for site-wide use. Furthermore, offshore wind projects require a large number of anchor foundations. Therefore, it is expensive to use conventional anchor systems. Conventional anchoring systems use tethers, such as mooring lines, extending from an anchor pile. The tether embedded in the borehole is subjected to large horizontal loads. As the tether passes, it cuts through the soil around the top of the anchor. This can cause damage and can also cause the tether to slacken, making it less reliable over time. may decrease. One of the aims of embodiments of the present invention is to provide a method for improving these and other aspects of known anchor systems for mooring. and other disadvantages. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for installing an offshore anchoring system comprising: A borehole is drilled into the seabed, the borehole having a first lower portion which is connected to a second upper portion. The cross-sectional dimensions of the first lower portion are smaller than the cross-sectional dimensions of the second upper portion, and An abutment surface is provided at the transition point. A fixing medium is introduced into the holes. After that, an anchor system consisting of an anchor pile and a member for dissipating horizontal load was installed. At this time, the anchor pile is located inside the first lower part of the hole, and the horizontal load is released to other places. The member is located in the second upper part of the hole and is spaced apart from the anchor pile. A fixing medium is introduced into the cavity. The method of the present invention is a simple and reliable installation method. The borehole is preferably stepped, the first lower part having a smaller cross section than the second upper part. The second upper section is larger than the first lower section, allowing for quick and efficient excavation. It is also desirable to have a larger cross-sectional dimension (compared to the first lower portion). By having a larger contact area, horizontal loads can be released from the surrounding hole wall Improved transfer of side loads to the vehicle, thereby providing improved side resistance. Therefore, the second upper portion may be configured to have a larger cross-sectional dimension. This is desirable, for example, because additional mechanical devices are required to connect the mooring lines to the lateral load transfer members. This is because it makes it easier for people to accept the idea. A second rod-shaped body of the member for dissipating horizontal loads is hooped into the second upper portion of the hole wall when in use. The second upper portion of the borehole wall is formed without penetrating into the second upper portion of the borehole wall, thereby generating stress. The casing is configured to contact the peripheral wall portion of the casing. In one embodiment, the lower end of the member for dissipating horizontal load to another part is an abutment protruding inward. This allows for a space between the lateral and longitudinal loads. A flow-by area (a fluid-flowing area) is formed between the bottom end of the material and the inward-protruding abutment surface. An area (area configured so as to In one embodiment, the second lower end of the second rod-shaped body of the member for dissipating the horizontal load to another It is configured to be received and contacted by an inwardly protruding abutment surface. The fixation medium is placed in the first lower part of the borehole and the first and second parts of the borehole. The position can be such that it does not extend beyond the transition point between the two sections. The arrangement may include at least one connector in communication with the upper end of the member for discharging, for example, horizontal loads. Allows the motor and / or tether to move freely The fixturing medium may be introduced and placed in the first lower portion and the second upper portion of the borehole. This may extend beyond the transition point into the second, upper portion of the hole. At least a portion of the member for dissipating the horizontal load is fixed in a predetermined position within the upper portion of the hole. To this end, some are placed within the hole so as to extend from a first lower portion of the hole to a second upper portion of the hole. However, it is installed in the borehole so as not to exceed the top end of the member that is used to release horizontal loads. It is desirable to do so. In addition, a member for dissipating horizontal loads was installed after being positioned at the second upper part of the borehole. The first lower portion and the second upper portion may be introduced so as to substantially fill the first lower portion and the second upper portion. . The fixing medium is, for example, cement or grout. The anchor system of the present invention can securely and effectively fix a tether (mooring rope, etc.). This solution reduces the risk of tether damage or failure over time. The anchor system of the present invention is adaptable to a wide range of formations. The anchor system of the present invention can withstand high loads, for example, in excess of 1000 tons. do. Furthermore, it can withstand high-angle moorings and vertical loads in tension mooring systems. This system is a land or sea anchor system, and is also an offshore anchor system. It is intended to be used as such. The anchor pile preferably has a first rod-shaped body having an upper end and a lower end. The member for dissipating the horizontal load has a second rod-shaped body, and the upper end of the second rod-shaped body is adapted to receive the horizontal load. The side portion has a lower end configured to communicate with and opposed to the tether. It is desirable that the cross-sectional dimensions of the second rod-shaped body are It is desirable that the dimension be larger than the cross-sectional dimension of the first bar of the car pile. This anchor system has a lower end of a member for dissipating horizontal loads and a first rod-shaped body. The intermediate portion may further include an intermediate connector connected to the end. The intermediate section is installed so that it does not come into contact with the wall section. This intermediate section is made of a thin tensile member, such as a wire or The cross-sectional dimensions of the first and second rod-shaped bodies are preferably equal to or larger than the cross-sectional dimensions of the first and second rod-shaped bodies. It is desirable that the dimensions be smaller than The second rod-shaped body of the member for dissipating the horizontal load defines a pipe for passing a liquid. It's not that. The horizontal load relief element reduces the lateral force of the load from the mooring (i.e., In some embodiments, the horizontal load When the member for discharging the horizontal load is disposed in the second upper portion of the hole, The horizontal load should be set at a position that provides sufficient lateral resistance to prevent the material from penetrating the hole wall. A hole in which the load-dissipating element remains stable (i.e., does not penetrate the hole wall). It is desirable to install it at the highest point of The second rod-shaped body of the member for dissipating horizontal load increases friction resistance during use. and / or effectively transmit lateral forces to create hoop stresses within the adjacent portion of the hole. It may be desirable to create an interference fit within the second upper portion of the hole to allow for this. The side of the second rod-shaped body of the member for dissipating horizontal load is provided with a rib or rib-like portion. The ribs may each define a longitudinal axis. The longitudinal axes of the ribs may be aligned with one another or spaced apart from one another. a second rod-shaped member extending substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the second rod-shaped member for dissipating horizontal loads; are. In one embodiment, the lower end of the second rod-shaped body of the member for dissipating the horizontal load is tapered. For example, it may be conical in shape. The lower end (e.g., a tapered lower end) may be, for example, between the first and second portions of the hole. It may extend beyond the provided abutment surface into the first lower portion of the bore. This determines the position of the second rod-shaped body. The method further includes the following features: The first lower part of the borehole is at least 300 mm, preferably Preferably the cross-sectional dimension is about 310mm. The first lower portion of the borehole is no more than 500mm, preferably The cross-sectional dimensions of the first lower part of the borehole are between 300mm and 500mm. , preferably with a cross-sectional dimension of 310 mm or more and 450 mm or less. The second upper portion of the borehole is at least 10% larger than the cross-sectional dimensions of the first lower portion, preferably The second upper portion is at least 20%, more preferably at least 30% larger in cross-sectional dimension. For example, the cross-sectional dimensions may be 100% larger than the cross-sectional dimensions of the first lower portion. In this method, anchor piles are installed in boreholes in high-strength strata to increase resistance. This includes placing the object in a location, for example at least 50 m below the surface (e.g. a hole in the seabed). It is preferable to install it below the water surface (e.g., below the seabed) at a depth of between 50m and 80m. It is configured to receive a vertical load from an object. Furthermore, a tether is attached to the upper end of the second rod-shaped body of the member to release the horizontal load. In this case, the first end of the tether is attached to the upper end of the second rod-shaped body, and the second The opposite ends may be connected to a tether termination, which provides a connection point for the main mooring line. It is desirable that the tether be configured so that it can move freely along the surrounding ground. as a result of lateral load forces from the main mooring lines, causing them to move (or break) through To protect the tether from the frictional forces generated by the tether, it can be encapsulated in a protective outer layer. The second rod-shaped body of the horizontal load release member removes lateral forces from the tether. Preferably, it is placed in the second upper portion of the borehole to remove the In one embodiment, the side of the second rod-shaped body of the member for dissipating the horizontal load is provided by a ball. The second upper surface of the hole is configured to be in contact with (eg, embedded in) the wall surrounding the hole. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0004] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of an anchor system according to an embodiment of the present invention installed in a borehole. [Figure 2] 2 is a schematic view of the anchor system of FIG. 1 in use, as seen from below. FIG. [Figure 3] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the anchor system of FIG. 1 when in use, as viewed from above. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0005] As shown in the figure, this anchor system 1 consists of an anchor pile 2, an intermediate section 3, and a horizontal load dissipation section. It consists of four components. The anchor pile 2 comprises a rod-shaped body 6 having an upper end 7 and a lower end 8 . The member 4 for dissipating horizontal loads is spaced from the upper end 7 of the rod-shaped body 6 by the intermediate portion 3. Open and install. The member 4 for dissipating horizontal loads is configured to communicate with the horizontal load mooring tether 12. The second rod-shaped body 9 has an upper end 10 and an opposite lower end 11. The shaped body 9 is substantially cylindrical. The tether 12 has a first end and a second opposite end, the first end being a tether for dissipating horizontal loads. The second rod-shaped body 9 of the member 4 is connected to the upper end 10 of the member 4, and the second opposite end is connected to the tether terminal end The tether 12 is flexible and can withstand lateral loads from the main mooring line. The tether 12 is wrapped in a protective outer layer to protect it from the resulting frictional forces. do. The intermediate portion 3 is connected to the lower end 11 of the second rod-shaped body 9 of the member 4 for dissipating horizontal loads. The intermediate portion 3 is rigid and connects the upper end 7 of the first rod-shaped body 6 of the pile 2. The upper end 7 of the first rod-shaped body 6 of the anchor pile 2 and the second end 4 of the member for dissipating horizontal loads A gap is provided between the lower end 11 of the rod-shaped main body 9. The anchor system 1 is installed by drilling a borehole 5 in the seabed. The first lower portion 14 is connected to the second upper portion 15. The cross-sectional dimensions of the first lower portion 14 are The cross-sectional dimensions of the upper portion 15 of the stent 2 are smaller than those of the upper portion 15 of the stent 2. An inwardly protruding abutment surface 16 is provided between the The transition point is located at the A fixing medium is inserted into the borehole 5. The fixing medium is inserted from the first lower part 14. and extends from the lower end 17 towards (and preferably reaches) the transition point. The anchor piles 2 are then installed in the holes 5. The first part of the borehole 5 is filled with the anchoring medium. Put it in the lower part 14. Put it in as it is, and the member 4 for releasing the horizontal load to other places is the second upper The member 4 for discharging the horizontal load is installed in the second upper part 15 of the hole 5. The abutment surface 16 is positioned at the transition point. The cross-sectional dimensions of the second rod-shaped body 9 of the member 4 for dissipating the horizontal load are The cross-sectional dimensions of the second rod-shaped body 9 are larger than the cross-sectional dimensions of the first rod-shaped body 6. The diameter is slightly smaller than the cross-sectional dimension of the upper portion 15 of the hole 5, thereby ensuring a tight fit. This allows for efficient transmission of lateral forces. The second rod-shaped body 9 of the member 4 for dissipating horizontal loads has a side portion 18 and an upper end portion 1 0 and the lower end 11, which in use surrounds the second upper portion 15 of the bore wall 5. 15 of the hole 5. hoop stress is created in the upper portion 15 without causing any deformation. The method of the present invention provides a simple and reliable installation methodology. The anchoring system of the present invention effectively and reliably secures a tether, e.g., a mooring line, for long-term use. This invention can be used to provide a mooring solution with tension over a wide area. The anchor system can be adapted to a wide range of formations. The members for dissipating horizontal loads are designed to resist the lateral force of the load from the mooring and to dissipate the lateral force of the load to the surrounding area. In some embodiments, the horizontal load is transmitted to the wall of the hole. a second upper portion of the hole at a location that provides sufficient lateral resistance to prevent the member from penetrating the hole wall portion; The horizontal load is diverted to other structures to maintain a stable condition (i.e., It is preferable to install it at the highest point in the hole (without penetrating the hole wall). The anchor system of the present invention can withstand high loads, for example, in excess of 1000 tons. do. Furthermore, the anchor system of the present invention is suitable for use in tension mooring systems with high angle moorings and vertical loads. can be used for. The anchor system resists lateral forces from the tether and surrounds the borehole. As a result, the anchor system of the present invention allows for direct transmission to the geological surface. This reduces the forces acting on the user, thereby preventing the penetration of the earth surface that occurs with conventional anchor systems. Therefore, the anchoring system of the present invention reduces the need for tether cutting. Reduces the length of the tether, thereby reducing material costs, and reduces the amount of material lost as a result of the cutting action. reduces the likelihood of damage occurring to the tether and therefore reduces the time associated with repairing and / or replacing the tether. This reduces the effort and cost of repairing the tether over time. Reduces the risk of car pile failure, thereby creating a more reliable anchoring system can provide.

Claims

1. A method for installing an anchoring system, including: drilling a borehole comprising a first lower portion in communication with a second upper portion; a cross-sectional dimension of the first lower portion is smaller than a cross-sectional dimension of the second upper portion, An inwardly projecting abutment surface is provided at a transition point located between the Filling with fixing medium Then, this anchor system consisting of an anchor pile and a member for dissipating horizontal loads was installed. At this time, the anchor pile is positioned in the first lower part of the hole, and the horizontal load is A relief member is located within the second upper portion of the hole and spaced from the anchor pile. Install it so that it can be

2. 10. The method of claim 1, further comprising introducing a fixation medium into the first lower portion of the anchor pile hole. Includes:

3. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein a fixation medium is applied to the first lower surface to secure the first portion of the borehole and The first part is positioned so as not to exceed the transition point between the first and second parts.

4. 10. The method of any preceding claim, wherein the fixing medium is cement or grout.

5. 10. The anchoring system of any preceding claim, comprising:

1. An anchor pile comprising a first rod-shaped body having an upper end and a lower end. The horizontal load is diverted from the top end of the first rod-shaped body of the anchor pile. A component for use in a device, characterized by having a first rod-shaped body, an upper end, and a lower end. The lower end of the second rod-shaped body of the member for dissipating horizontal loads to other parts and the first rod-shaped body of the anchor pile An intermediate part that connects the upper end of the main body.

6. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein at least the lower end of the second rod-shaped body of the member for dissipating the horizontal load to another A portion of the borehole is positioned to extend below the first borehole.

7. A method according to any preceding claim, wherein the lower end of the borehole has a cross section between 300mm and 500mm A feature of this method is that it excavates the surface to have the dimensions of the surface.

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