Joining method and joining structure

Abstract

To surely fill an adhesive in a gap between a bolt hole and a bolt.SOLUTION: A joining method for joining a base member to which a bolt is fixed and a plate having a bolt hole, the joining method comprising a splicing step of inserting the bolt into the bolt hole to splice the plate to the base member, and a fastening step of fastening a nut to the bolt via a washer to join the base member and the plate by the bolt, wherein the plate is provided with a first hole communicating with a gap between the bolt and the bolt hole, and the washer is provided with a second hole communicating with the gap, the method includes an injection step of injecting an adhesive into the gap from one of the first hole and the second hole after the fastening step, and a confirmation step of confirming that the adhesive flows out from the other of the first hole and the second hole.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a joining method and a joining structure. [Background technology]

[0002] In bolted joints, the diameter of the bolt hole in the plate is typically made larger than the bolt diameter, taking into account manufacturing and installation errors. If the bolt hole is larger than the bolt diameter, a gap is formed between the bolt hole and the bolt, which can result in shear misalignment of the plate or loosening of the nut. To prevent such shear misalignment and loosening of the nut, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses a technique in which a filler member containing a two-component (main agent and hardener) mixed adhesive is placed in the gap between the bolt hole and the bolt, and the filler member is deformed (the two components are mixed) to fill the gap when the nut is fastened to the bolt. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2023-70424 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] With the above-mentioned technology, it was difficult to mix the two components uniformly, which could result in poor curing. Also, with the method of injecting liquid adhesive into the gap between the bolt hole and the bolt, there was a risk that the liquid would leak out of the gap if the adhesive was injected facing upward or sideways (making it difficult to fill the adhesive).

[0005] An object of the present invention is to reliably fill the gap between the bolt hole and the bolt with adhesive. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The main invention for achieving the above-mentioned object is a joining method for joining a base member to which a bolt is fixed and a plate having a bolt hole, the joining method comprising: a joining step of inserting the bolt into the bolt hole and joining the plate to the base member; and a fastening step of fastening a nut to the bolt via a washer to join the base member and the plate with the bolt, wherein the plate has a first hole that communicates with the gap between the bolt and the bolt hole, and the washer has a second hole that communicates with the gap, and the joining method comprises, after the fastening step, an injection step of injecting adhesive into the gap from one of the first hole and the second hole, and a confirmation step of confirming that the adhesive flows out from the other of the first hole and the second hole.

[0007] Other features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description and drawings. [Effects of the Invention]

[0008] According to the present invention, the gap between the bolt hole and the bolt can be reliably filled with adhesive. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0009] [Figure 1] 1 is a perspective view (partially exploded view) of a joint structure 100 of a first embodiment. [Figure 2] FIG. 1 is a view of the joint structure 100 as seen from the tip end side in the axial direction. [Figure 3] 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 2. [Figure 4] 4A to 4E are explanatory diagrams of a joining method in the joint structure 100 of the first embodiment. [Figure 5] FIG. 5A is a diagram showing a modified example of the reinforcing member (cylindrical member 61), and FIG. 5B is a diagram showing another modified example (cylindrical member 62). [Figure 6] FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a joint structure 110 according to a second embodiment. [Figure 7]7A to 7E are explanatory diagrams of a joining method in the joint structure 110 of the second embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0010] At least the following points will become clear from the description and drawings to be described later.

[0011] (Aspect 1) a fastening step in which the base member and the plate are joined by fastening a nut to the bolt through a washer, the fastening step comprising: a first hole in the plate that communicates with a gap between the bolt and the bolt hole; and a second hole in the washer that communicates with the gap; and a joining method comprising, after the fastening step, an injection step in which adhesive is injected into the gap from one of the first hole and the second hole; and a confirmation step in which the adhesive flows out from the other of the first hole and the second hole.

[0012] According to the joining method of the first aspect, the gap between the bolt and the bolt hole can be reliably filled with adhesive. Also, the presence of the first and second holes allows the adhesive to be filled without leaving any voids (allowing for dense filling). Furthermore, the confirmation process makes it possible to determine when filling is complete, facilitating construction management.

[0013] (Aspect 2) In the joining method according to aspect 1, the bolt may be arranged so that the tip thereof faces downward in the vertical direction or so that the axial direction thereof is along the horizontal direction.

[0014] According to the joining method of aspect 2, even when the parts are facing upward or sideways, where it is difficult to inject a liquid adhesive, it is possible to inject (fill) the adhesive into the gap, and therefore it is particularly effective in these cases.

[0015] (Aspect 3) In the bonding method according to aspect 1 or 2, it is preferable that the adhesive contains a first liquid and a second liquid, and that in the injection step, the first liquid and the second liquid are mixed and injected.

[0016] According to the bonding method of the third aspect, the first and second parts of the two-part adhesive can be stably blended (mixed), and poor curing is unlikely to occur.

[0017] (Aspect 4) In the joining method according to any one of aspects 1 to 3, it is desirable to have an insertion step between the splicing step and the fastening step, in which a reinforcing member having a greater elastic modulus than the cured adhesive is inserted into the gap.

[0018] According to the joining method of aspect 4, by inserting a reinforcing member into the gap, the amount of adhesive to be injected can be reduced (making it less likely that voids will occur due to adhesive shrinkage) and deformation of the adhesive can be suppressed (increasing rigidity).

[0019] (Aspect 5) a joining method for joining a base member having a first bolt hole and a plate having a second bolt hole, the joining method comprising: a joining step of joining the plate to the base member; and a fastening step of sandwiching the base member and the plate between a pair of washers, inserting a bolt into the first and second bolt holes, and fastening a nut onto the bolt to join the base member and the plate with the bolt, wherein the pair of washers each have a hole that communicates with a gap between the bolt and the first and second bolt holes, and the joining method further comprises, after the fastening step, an injection step of injecting adhesive into the gap from the hole in one of the pair of washers, and a confirmation step of confirming that the adhesive flows out of the hole in the other of the pair of washers.

[0020] According to the joining method of the fifth aspect, when a through bolt is used, the gap between the bolt hole and the bolt can be reliably filled with adhesive. Furthermore, the adhesive can be filled without leaving any voids (dense filling is possible). Furthermore, a confirmation process allows the completion of filling to be determined, making construction management easier.

[0021] (Aspect 6) A joining structure comprising: a base member to which a bolt is fixed; a plate having a bolt hole, the bolt being inserted into the bolt hole and attached to the base member; and a nut fastened via a washer to the bolt protruding from the plate, wherein an adhesive is filled in the gap between the bolt and the bolt hole, wherein the plate has a first hole communicating with the gap, and the washer has a second hole communicating with the gap, and the adhesive is filled in the first hole, the second hole, and the gap.

[0022] According to the joint structure of the sixth aspect, the gap between the bolt hole and the bolt can be reliably filled with adhesive.

[0023] (Aspect 7) In the joint structure according to aspect 6, it is preferable that a reinforcing member having a higher elastic modulus than the hardened adhesive is inserted into the gap.

[0024] According to the joining structure of the seventh aspect, the amount of adhesive to be injected can be reduced, and deformation of the adhesive can be suppressed.

[0025] (Aspect 8) A joining structure comprising: a base member having a first bolt hole; a plate having a second bolt hole and attached to the base member; a pair of washers sandwiching the base member and the plate; a bolt inserted into the first and second bolt holes via the pair of washers; and a nut fastened to the bolt, wherein the gaps between the bolt and the first and second bolt holes are filled with adhesive, wherein the pair of washers each have a hole leading to the gap, and the adhesive is filled in the holes in the pair of washers and the gaps.

[0026] According to the joining structure of the eighth aspect, when a through bolt is used, the adhesive can be reliably filled into the gap between the bolt hole and the bolt.

[0027] (Aspect 9) In the joining structure according to aspect 8, it is preferable that a reinforcing member having a higher modulus of elasticity than the hardened adhesive is inserted into the gap.

[0028] According to the joining structure of the ninth aspect, the amount of adhesive to be injected can be reduced, and deformation of the adhesive can be suppressed.

[0029] In the following description, the same or equivalent components, members, etc. shown in each drawing will be denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant explanations may be omitted as appropriate.

[0030] ===First Embodiment=== <<About joint structure>> 1 is a perspective view (partially exploded view) of a joint structure 100 of a first embodiment. In the following description, the direction parallel to the axis of the bolt 30 of the joint structure 100 may be referred to as the "axial direction" (or thickness direction). In addition, in the axial direction, the end of the bolt 30 on which the nut 40 is attached may be referred to as the "tip side," and the end on the opposite side may be referred to as the "base side."

[0031] 2 is a view of the joint structure 100 as seen from the axial tip side. Also, Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in Fig. 2. Note that Fig. 2 shows only a portion of the joint structure 100 formed, with the remainder showing a state in which the bolt 30 has been inserted into the bolt hole 21 of the plate 10 (a state prior to fastening with the nut 40). Also, Fig. 3 shows a side view of everything other than the base member 10 and the plate 20 (the bolt 30, the nut 40, etc.).

[0032] The joining structure 100 of this embodiment includes a base member 10, a plate 20, a bolt 30, a nut 40, a washer 50, and a spring 60. As shown in Fig. 3, an adhesive 70 is filled in the gap between the bolt 30 and the bolt hole 21 (gap S, which will be described later).

[0033] The base member 10 is a member to be joined. The base member 10 is also called a base material. Here, the base member 10 is a steel material such as an H-shaped steel or a steel plate used for pillars and beams of a building frame. However, the base member 10 is not limited to a steel material, and may be, for example, foundation concrete.

[0034] The plate 20 is a plate-like member that is spliced ​​to the base member 10. The plate 20 is also called a splice plate, a backing plate, a reinforcing plate, etc. Here, the plate 20 is a steel splice plate (for example, a gusset plate) that is spliced ​​to the base member 10 (steel material).

[0035] The plate 20 has a bolt hole 21. The bolt hole 21 is a circular hole for inserting a bolt 30, and is a hole (through hole) that penetrates the plate 20 in the thickness direction. The bolt hole 21 is also called a loose hole. The plate 20 has a plurality of bolt holes 21 (four in FIG. 2). However, the number of bolt holes 21 formed in the plate 20 is not limited to a plurality, and may be one. In FIGS. 2 and 3, the diameter of the bolt hole 21 is shown as D0.

[0036] The plate 20 also has flow path holes 22 (corresponding to first holes). The flow path holes 22 are holes for injecting or discharging an adhesive 70, which will be described later. As shown in FIG. 2, the flow path holes 22 are provided corresponding to the bolt holes 21. Specifically, the flow path holes 22 are opened at the end face (the surface on the leading end side in the axial direction) of the plate 20 in the thickness direction so as not to overlap with the washer 50 (at a position away from the bolt holes 21), are bent in an L shape inside the plate 20 (see FIG. 1), and are connected to the corresponding bolt holes 21 (communicating through the gap S). Note that in FIG. 2, the openings of the respective flow path holes 22 are all located on a predetermined direction side (here, the lower side of the drawing) with respect to the corresponding bolt holes 21; however, the positional relationship between the openings of the flow path holes 22 and the bolt holes 21 is not limited thereto. For example, the opening positions of the flow path holes 22 may be different for each bolt hole 21. Furthermore, for example, the flow path holes 22 may be opened on the side surface (surface parallel to the axial direction) of the plate 20 (the flow paths may be linear).

[0037] The bolt 30 is a rod-shaped member having a threaded portion 31. The bolt 30, together with the nut 40, serves as a joining member that joins the base member 10 and the plate 20. Here, the bolt 30 is configured as a stud bolt, and has a threaded portion 31 (male thread) at its end (here, the axial tip). One end (axial base end) of the bolt 30 (stud bolt) is welded to the base member 10, which serves as the base material. Note that the bolt 30 is not limited to a stud bolt, and does not have to be fixed to the base member 10 by welding. For example, the bolt 30 may be an anchor bolt provided in the foundation concrete (base member 10).

[0038] Bolt 30 is inserted through bolt hole 21 of plate 20. Also, in FIG. 3, the base end (lower end in the figure) of bolt 30 is fixed to base member 10, and the tip end (upper end in the figure) of bolt 30 protrudes from the opening of bolt hole 21. Here, a collar 32 (flash: see FIG. 4A) made of molten metal is formed at the base end of bolt 30. No threaded portion 31 is provided where collar 32 is formed. Note that threaded portion 31 may be provided along the entire length of bolt 30. In FIG. 3, the diameter of threaded portion 31 of bolt 30 is shown as D1. Also, in FIG. 3, the diameter of the base end (collar 32) of bolt 30 is shown as D2. Diameter D2 of the base end of bolt 30 is larger than diameter D1 of threaded portion 31.

[0039] 3, diameters D1 and D2 of bolt 30 are smaller than diameter D0 of bolt hole 21 in plate 20. If the diameter of bolt hole 21 is D0, the diameter of threaded portion 31 of bolt 30 is D1, and the diameter of collar 32 of bolt 30 is D2, then D0 > D1 and D0 > D2. Therefore, a gap S is formed between bolt 30 and bolt hole 21 as shown in FIG.

[0040] In this embodiment, as shown in Fig. 3, the gap S is filled with adhesive 70. Filling the gap between the bolt 30 and the bolt hole 21 with adhesive 70 allows force to be transmitted by a pressure-bearing joint without play, resulting in an efficient joint structure. However, if only adhesive 70 is used, there is a risk that the filled adhesive 70 will deform when subjected to a strong shear force (which may cause shear displacement of the plate 20). Therefore, in this embodiment, a spring 60 is also placed in the gap S as a reinforcing member. Details of the spring 60 and adhesive 70 will be described later.

[0041] The nut 40 is a member attached to the tip side of the bolt 30, and has a threaded portion 41 (female thread) that screws together with the threaded portion 31 (male thread) of the bolt 30. The nut 40, together with the bolt 30, serves as a joining member that joins the base member 10 and the plate 20. By fastening the nut 40 to the bolt 30, the base member 10 and the plate 20 are joined by the bolt.

[0042] The washer 50 is disposed between the nut 40 and the plate 20. The washer 50 is sometimes called a washer. The washer 50 of this embodiment is a square washer having a rectangular planar shape. The washer 50 is not limited to a square washer, and may have other shapes (for example, a round washer having a circular planar shape). The washer 50 of this embodiment also has a through hole 51 and a flow path hole 52.

[0043] Similar to the bolt hole 21 of the plate 20, the through hole 51 is a hole for inserting the bolt 30 (threaded portion 31), and penetrates the washer 50 in the thickness direction at the center of its plane.

[0044] The flow path hole 52 (corresponding to a second hole) is a hole for injecting or discharging the adhesive 70, which will be described later. The flow path hole 52 is opened on an end face in the thickness direction of the washer 50 (the end face on the tip side in the axial direction), is bent in an L shape inside the washer 50, and communicates with the gap S between the bolt 30 and the bolt hole 21 (having a flow path communicating with the gap S). However, this is not limiting, and the flow path hole 52 may be opened on a side face (a surface parallel to the axial direction) of the washer 50, for example (the flow path may be linear).

[0045] The spring 60 (corresponding to a reinforcing member) is a coil-shaped member that is inserted into the gap S. The spring 60 is a member that promotes filling of the gap S with the adhesive 70, and by being placed in the gap S, suppresses deformation of the adhesive 70 and increases its rigidity. For this reason, the spring 60 is made of a material that is more rigid than the compact of the adhesive 70 (hardened adhesive 70) that is filled into the gap S. In this embodiment, the spring 60 is mainly made of steel, but may also be made of carbon or the like.

[0046] Since the spring 60 is inserted into the gap S, the inner diameter is larger than the diameter D2 of the bolt 30 (collar 32) and the outer diameter is smaller than the diameter D0 of the bolt hole 21.

[0047] Furthermore, the spring 60 is deformable in the height direction (here, the axial direction). The height (natural length) of the spring 60 is greater than the thickness L of the plate 20 (see FIG. 3) (in other words, longer than the depth of the bolt hole 21) and shorter than the length of the threaded portion 31 of the bolt 30. Furthermore, the height of the spring 60 when compressed (maximum compressed) is smaller than the thickness L of the plate 20. In other words, in FIG. 3, the spring 60 is housed in the gap S in an axially compressed state. However, the height of the spring 60 may be equal to or less than the thickness L of the plate 20. In that case, the spring 60 will be housed in the gap S without being compressed.

[0048] The adhesive 70 is a filler that fills the gap S, and a curable composition can be used.

[0049] The curable composition may be one or a combination of two or more selected from an acrylic adhesive, an epoxy adhesive, a modified silicone adhesive, a silicone adhesive, a urethane adhesive, or a polyester adhesive.

[0050] The curable composition may also be one or a combination of two or more selected from one-component heat-curing epoxy adhesives, one-component moisture-curing acrylic-modified silicone adhesives, one-component moisture-curing modified silicone adhesives, two-component mixture-curing modified silicone adhesives, one-component moisture-curing silicone adhesives, two-component mixture-curing silicone adhesives, two-component mixture-curing epoxy-modified silicone adhesives, two-component mixture-curing epoxy adhesives, one-component anaerobic-curing acrylic adhesives, two-component mixture-curing acrylic adhesives, one-component moisture-curing urethane adhesives, two-component mixture-curing urethane adhesives, and hot melt adhesives.

[0051] That is, the adhesive 70 can be made of a variety of commonly used curable compositions, and from the viewpoint of application, the curing conditions can be appropriately selected and applied, such as one-component or two-component.

[0052] In the case of a two-component adhesive, it is particularly preferable to use one of the following adhesives as the curable composition.

[0053] Two-component moisture-curing epoxy-modified silicone adhesive Two-component mixed hardening epoxy adhesive Two-component curing acrylic adhesive Two-component curing urethane adhesive - It is even better if the material does not lose its elastic modulus in high temperature environments.

[0054] Among the above, a two-component mixed curing type acrylic adhesive is more preferable because it is stable and is less likely to cause curing defects.

[0055] In the case of a two-component adhesive, it is advisable to use a dedicated injection device that has containers (cartridges) for storing two components and is capable of mixing and extruding the two components.

[0056] It is desirable to use two-component curable compositions whose cured product has an elastic modulus of 10 MPa or more, preferably 100 MPa or more (more preferably 300 MPa or more) in the cured state, as measured in accordance with JIS K 7161. If a composition having an elastic modulus of 10 MPa or less is used, the composition will have high flexibility and excellent deformation performance, but will have low rigidity and will not easily exhibit high yield strength.

[0057] Furthermore, it is desirable to use two-component curable compositions having a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 50°C or higher, preferably 70°C or higher (more preferably 90°C or higher) as the cured product. Curable compositions made of organic resins have the property of being hard at low temperatures and soft at high temperatures. Therefore, by using a composition having a glass transition temperature of 50°C or higher, the bonded structure can maintain the same performance as at room temperature even when exposed to high environmental temperatures.

[0058] In the case of a one-component adhesive, it is particularly preferable to use any of the adhesives listed below as the curable composition.

[0059] One-component heat-curing epoxy adhesive One-component anaerobic curing acrylic adhesive Hot melt adhesive - It is even better if the material does not lose its elastic modulus in high temperature environments.

[0060] After filling, the one-component heat-curing epoxy adhesive and one-component anaerobic-curing acrylic adhesive listed above can be hardened by heating the base member 10, plate 20, or bolt 30 using a heating device such as a high-frequency induction heater (IH heater) or a heat gun. Also, a hot-melt adhesive made of a thermoplastic resin can be heated in advance to liquefy it before filling, and then injected (filled) using a dedicated dispenser.

[0061] It is desirable to use one of these one-component curable compositions whose cured product has an elastic modulus of 10 MPa or more, preferably 100 MPa or more (more preferably 300 MPa or more) in the cured state, as measured in accordance with JIS K 7161. If a composition having an elastic modulus of 10 MPa or less is used, the composition will have high flexibility and excellent deformation performance, but will have low rigidity and will not easily exhibit high yield strength.

[0062] Furthermore, it is desirable to use one of these one-component curable compositions with a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 50°C or higher, preferably 70°C or higher (more preferably 90°C or higher) as the cured product. A curable composition made of an organic resin has the property of being hard at low temperatures and soft at high temperatures. Therefore, by using a composition with a glass transition temperature of 50°C or higher, the bonded structure can maintain the same performance as at room temperature even when exposed to a high environmental temperature.

[0063] <<Joining method>> Next, the joining method of this embodiment (the method for manufacturing the joining structure 100) will be described.

[0064] 4A to 4E are explanatory diagrams of a joining method in the joint structure 100 of the first embodiment.

[0065] First, as shown in FIG. 4A, a worker fixes (stud welds) bolts 30 (stud bolts) to predetermined positions on the base member 10.

[0066] Next, as shown in FIG. 4B , the worker inserts bolt 30 into bolt hole 21 to splice plate 20 to base member 10 (splicing step). As a result, the tip of bolt 30 protrudes from bolt hole 21 in plate 20. Because diameters D1 and D2 of bolt 30 are smaller than diameter D0 of bolt hole 21 in plate 20, when bolt 30 is inserted into bolt hole 21 in plate 20, a gap (gap S) is formed between bolt 30 and bolt hole 21. In addition, flow path hole 22 in plate 20 forms a flow path (flow path for adhesive 70) that communicates with gap S.

[0067] Next, as shown in FIG. 4C , the worker inserts spring 60 into gap S between bolt 30 and bolt hole 21 (insertion process). Note that the height (natural length) of spring 60 is longer than the depth of bolt hole 21 (here, this corresponds to thickness L of plate 20). Therefore, when spring 60 is inserted into gap S, one end (upper end in the figure) of spring 60 protrudes from the opening of bolt hole 21, as shown in the figure. In addition, the height of spring 60 is shorter than the length of bolt 30. Therefore, the tip of bolt 30 (upper end in the figure) protrudes from the upper end side of spring 60.

[0068] Next, the worker attaches the washer 50 and the nut 40 to the tip of the bolt 30 protruding from the spring 60. That is, the worker inserts the bolt 30 into the through-hole 51 of the washer 50 and screws the nut 40 onto the bolt 30 (threaded portion 31). As a result, the spring 60 is sandwiched between the bottom of the bolt hole 21 (here, the upper surface of the base member 10) and the nut 40 (washer 50).

[0069] 4D, the worker tightens and fastens the nut 40 (fastening step). By fastening the nut 40, the spring 60 is compressed (elastically deformed), and the base member 10 and the plate 20 are bolt-joined. That is, by fastening the nut 40 to the bolt 30, a pressure-bearing joint without loosening is achieved.

[0070] Next, as shown in Fig. 4E, the worker injects adhesive 70 from flow path hole 52 (injection step). The injected adhesive 70 passes through a flow path from flow path hole 52 to gap S, and fills gap S.

[0071] The worker also checks (confirms) that the adhesive 70 is discharged (flows out) from the flow path hole 22. This confirms that the adhesive 70 has been filled into the gap S between the bolt 30 and the bolt hole 21.

[0072] In this embodiment, the adhesive 70 is injected through the flow path hole 52 of the washer 50 and discharged (flowed out) through the flow path hole 22 of the plate 20, but this is not limiting. For example, depending on the situation, the adhesive 70 may be injected through the flow path hole 22 and discharged (flowed out) through the flow path hole 52.

[0073] Incidentally, if adhesive 70 is directly injected (filled) into the gap S between the bolt 30 and the bolt hole 21 before fastening with the nut 40, the adhesive 70 may be injected upward or sideways depending on the orientation of the bolt 30. For example, if the tip of the bolt 30 is facing vertically downward, the adhesive 70 will be injected vertically upward. In this case, there is a risk that the adhesive 70 injected into the gap S will leak out, making the application difficult. For this reason, application variations and insufficient filling are likely to occur depending on the skill level of the worker. Injecting the adhesive sideways is also difficult.

[0074] In contrast, in this embodiment, after fastening with the nut 40, the adhesive 70 is injected into the gap S from the flow path hole 52. Therefore, the adhesive 70 does not flow out of the gap S, and the adhesive 70 can be easily and reliably filled, improving workability. For example, even when the adhesive 70 is injected upward or sideways, the adhesive 70 can be reliably filled into the gap S between the bolt 30 and the bolt hole 21, regardless of the worker's level of skill.

[0075] In addition, in this embodiment, since an injection hole and a discharge hole (flow path hole 22 and flow path hole 52) for the adhesive 70 are provided, the adhesive 70 can be filled into the gap S without leaving any voids (dense filling is possible). In addition, it is possible to determine when filling is complete, making construction management easier.

[0076] Furthermore, in this embodiment, when a two-component adhesive is used as the adhesive 70, the two components can be mixed and injected, making it less likely that poor curing will occur due to uneven mixing. In particular, acrylic two-component formulations are stable and less likely to cause poor curing.

[0077] Furthermore, in this embodiment, not only the adhesive 70 but also a spring 60 having a higher elastic modulus than the hardened adhesive 70 is inserted (placed) in the gap S between the bolt 30 and the bolt hole 21. This makes it possible to suppress deformation of the adhesive 70 and improve rigidity. Furthermore, by using the spring 60, elastic deformation in the height direction (thickness direction) can be achieved, so that plates 20 with different thicknesses L can be accommodated, improving workability.

[0078] <<Modification of reinforcing member>> In the above-described embodiment, the spring 60 is used as the reinforcing member, but the present invention is not limited to this. Modified examples of the reinforcing member will be described below.

[0079] <About the material> As mentioned above, the reinforcing member is preferably made of a material with a higher elastic modulus than the molded body obtained by hardening the filled adhesive 70, and for example, a plastic member or a metal member can be used. Specifically, the plastic member is preferably an engineering plastic, and preferably a super engineering plastic. The metal member can be made of almost any metal, and inexpensive iron is particularly preferable.

[0080] When using a reinforcing member to improve the curing properties of the adhesive 70 (curable composition), it is desirable to select the material based on the type of resin (adhesive) used or the curing form. For example, when using an acrylic adhesive, it is desirable to use a metal containing metal ions that can promote radical polymerization through a redox reaction, such as iron, cobalt, copper, manganese, or vanadium, whose surface is the base material. Furthermore, when using a one-component heat-sensitive adhesive, the heating effect of a high-frequency induction heater (IH heater) can be enhanced by using a reinforcing member made of a metal with high thermal conductivity or a conductor (ferrite) that is more magnetic than the base member 10, bolt 30, or plate 20.

[0081] <About the shape> FIG. 5A is a diagram showing a modified example of the reinforcing member (cylindrical member 61), and FIG. 5B is a diagram showing another modified example (cylindrical member 62).

[0082] The cylindrical members 61 and 62 are each a cylindrical member (reinforcing member) made of metal. As shown in the figure, the cylindrical members 61 and 62 have a plurality of through-holes formed radially through the cylinder. For example, the cylindrical member 61 has a plurality of circular through-holes 61a formed (punched), and the cylindrical member 62 has a plurality of honeycomb-shaped (regular hexagonal) through-holes 62a formed. Although not shown, the cylindrical members may also be mesh-processed. By providing a plurality of through-holes extending radially through the cylindrical member 61, the liquid adhesive 70 can be easily introduced into the cylinder when injected. Therefore, the adhesive 70 can be evenly filled into the gaps S (outside and inside of the cylindrical member). In the case of the spring 60 of the first embodiment, the adhesive 70 can be introduced through the gaps between the coil-shaped springs, allowing the adhesive 70 to be evenly filled into the outside and inside of the spring 60.

[0083] The inner diameter of the cylindrical members 61, 62 is larger than the diameter of the bolt 30 (here, the diameter D2 of the collar 32), and the outer diameter is smaller than the diameter D0 of the bolt hole 21. This allows them to be inserted into the gap S between the bolt 30 and the bolt hole 21.

[0084] When using cylindrical member 61 or cylindrical member 62, it is necessary to prepare one whose height (length of the cylinder) is equal to or less than the thickness L of plate 20. On the other hand, when using the above-mentioned spring 60, the spring characteristic of being able to control the compression length is utilized, and one type of spring can be used for multiple plates 20 of different thicknesses, improving workability.

[0085] Furthermore, the reinforcing member is not limited to the examples described above (springs and cylindrical members). For example, it may be a C-shaped cylindrical member when viewed from above. It may also be filled with small beads or flakes of metal material (in this case, the gaps between the beads, etc. can be filled with liquid adhesive 70). It may also be possible to wrap wire or the like around the bolt 30. Even in these cases, by using them in combination with adhesive 70, rigidity can be increased compared to when only adhesive 70 is filled, and shear displacement of plate 20 due to deformation of adhesive 70 can be suppressed.

[0086] === Second Embodiment === <<About joint structure>> FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a joint structure 110 according to the second embodiment.

[0087] The joint structure 110 of the second embodiment includes a base member 10A, a plate 20A, a bolt 30A, a nut 40, a washer 50, and a spring 60.

[0088] The bolt 30A in the second embodiment is a through bolt (for this reason, one end of the bolt 30A is not welded to the base member 10A).

[0089] In the second embodiment, the base member 10A is provided with a bolt hole 11 (corresponding to a first bolt hole).

[0090] Furthermore, the plate 20A of the second embodiment is provided with bolt holes 21 (corresponding to second bolt holes) at positions corresponding to the bolt holes 11. The plate 20A of the second embodiment does not have holes corresponding to the flow path holes 22 of the plate 20 of the first embodiment.

[0091] The base member 10A and the plate 20A are sandwiched between a pair of washers 50 and fastened together by threading nuts 40 onto bolts 30A.

[0092] As described above, bolt 30A is a through bolt and has threaded portion 31A and head portion 32A. Threaded portion 31A of bolt 30A is longer than threaded portion 31 of bolt 30 of the first embodiment. Specifically, it is longer than the total thickness L' of base member 10A and plate 20A shown in FIG. 6.

[0093] The bolt 30A is inserted from the side of the base member 10A (the side opposite to the plate 20A) and is inserted through the bolt holes 11 and 21 of the base member 10A and the plate 20A, respectively.

[0094] The washer 50 is the same member as in the first embodiment, and has a through hole 51 and a flow path hole 52. In the second embodiment, a pair of washers 50 are provided to sandwich the base member 10A and the plate 20A in the thickness direction. Then, the base member 10A, the plate 20A, and the pair of washers 50 are fastened by threading a nut 40 onto the bolt 30A.

[0095] The spring 60 is a steel member (reinforcing member) similar to that in the first embodiment. In the second embodiment, a gap (gap S' shown in FIG. 7B etc.) is formed between the bolt 30A and the bolt holes 11, 21, and the spring 60 is disposed in this gap S'. That is, in the second embodiment, the spring 60 is also disposed in the gap between the bolt hole 11 of the base member 10A and the bolt 30A. Furthermore, the gap S' is filled with adhesive 70.

[0096] The height (natural length) of spring 60 is greater than the total thickness L' of base member 10A and plate 20A (in other words, greater than the depth of bolt holes 11, 21) and shorter than the length of threaded portion 31A of bolt 30A. Furthermore, the height of spring 60 when compressed (maximum compressed) is smaller than thickness L'.

[0097] It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the spring 60, and reinforcing members such as cylindrical members 61 and 62 may be arranged as in the modified example of the first embodiment.

[0098] 7A to 7E are explanatory diagrams of a joining method in the joint structure 110 of the second embodiment.

[0099] First, as shown in FIG. 7A, the worker splices the plate 20A to the base member 10A so that the bolt holes 11 of the base member 10A and the bolt holes 21 of the plate 20A overlap (splicing step).

[0100] 7B, the worker inserts bolt 30A through bolt hole 11 and bolt hole 21 via washer 50. That is, bolt 30A is inserted through through hole 51 of washer 50, bolt hole 11 of base member 10, and bolt hole 21 of plate 20.

[0101] 7C, the worker inserts (places) spring 60 into gap S' between bolt 30 and bolt holes 11, 21. Because the height (natural length) of spring 60 is greater than the total thickness L' of base member 10A and plate 20A, one end of spring 60 (the end on the tip side of bolt 30A) protrudes from the opening of bolt hole 21.

[0102] 7D, the worker attaches the nut 40 to the threaded portion 31 of the bolt 30A via the washer 50, and then tightens the nut 40 (fastening step). As a result, the spring 60 is disposed in a compressed state between the pair of washers 50 in the gap S'.

[0103] 7E, adhesive 70 is injected through the flow path hole 52 of one of the pair of washers 50 to fill the gap S' with adhesive 70 (injection step). Then, it is confirmed that adhesive 70 is discharged (flows out) from the other flow path hole 52 of the pair of washers 50 (confirmation step).

[0104] At this time, it is desirable to inject the adhesive 70 from the flow path hole 52 of the washer 50 that is positioned vertically lower out of the pair of washers 50. This allows the adhesive 70 to fill the gap S' without leaving any voids.

[0105] ===Other embodiments=== The above-described embodiments are intended to facilitate understanding of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. The present invention may be modified or improved without departing from the spirit thereof, and it goes without saying that the present invention includes equivalents thereof. In particular, the following embodiments are also included in the present invention.

[0106] In the above-described embodiment, a reinforcing member (spring 60 or cylindrical members 61, 62) is disposed in the gap S (gap S'), but a reinforcing member need not be provided (the step of inserting a reinforcing member may be omitted). In other words, only adhesive 70 may be filled in the gap S (gap S'). [Explanation of symbols]

[0107] 10, 10A Base material 11 Bolt holes 20,20A Plate 21 Bolt holes 22 Flow path hole 30,30A Volts 31,31A Threaded part 32 colors 32A Head 40 nuts 41 Threaded part 50 washer 51 Through hole 52 Flow path hole 60 springs 61,62 Cylindrical member 61a,62a through hole 70 Adhesive 100,110 joint structure

Claims

1. A joining method for joining a base member to which a bolt is fixed and a plate having a bolt hole, comprising: a splicing step of inserting the bolts into the bolt holes to splice the plate to the base member; a fastening step of fastening a nut to the bolt via a washer to join the base member and the plate with the bolt; and a first hole communicating with a gap between the bolt and the bolt hole is provided in the plate; The washer has a second hole communicating with the gap, After the fastening step, an injection step of injecting an adhesive into the gap through one of the first hole and the second hole; a confirmation step of confirming that the adhesive flows out from the other of the first hole and the second hole; A bonding method comprising the steps of:

2. The joining method according to claim 1, The bolt is arranged so that the tip thereof faces downward in the vertical direction or so that the axial direction thereof is along the horizontal direction. A joining method characterized by:

3. The joining method according to claim 1 or 2, the adhesive includes a first liquid and a second liquid, In the injecting step, the first liquid and the second liquid are mixed and injected. A joining method characterized by:

4. The joining method according to claim 1 or 2, an insertion step of inserting a reinforcing member having a higher elastic modulus than the hardened adhesive into the gap between the splicing step and the fastening step; A joining method characterized by:

5. A joining method for joining a base member having a first bolt hole and a plate having a second bolt hole, comprising: a bonding step of bonding the plate to the base member; a fastening process of joining the base member and the plate with the bolts by sandwiching the base member and the plate between a pair of washers, inserting bolts into the first and second bolt holes, and fastening nuts to the bolts; and The pair of washers each have a hole communicating with a gap between the bolt and the first and second bolt holes, After the fastening step, an injection step of injecting adhesive into the gap through the hole of one of the pair of washers; a confirmation step of confirming that the adhesive flows out of the hole of the other of the pair of washers; A bonding method comprising the steps of:

6. a base member to which a bolt is fixed; a plate having bolt holes through which the bolts are inserted and attached to the base member; a nut fastened to the bolt protruding from the plate via a washer; A joining structure in which an adhesive is filled in a gap between the bolt and the bolt hole, the plate has a first hole communicating with the gap; the washer has a second hole communicating with the gap; The adhesive is filled in the first hole, the second hole, and the gap. A joining structure characterized by:

7. The joining structure according to claim 6, A reinforcing member having a higher elastic modulus than the hardened adhesive is inserted into the gap. A joining structure characterized by:

8. a base member having a first bolt hole; a plate having a second bolt hole and attached to the base member; a pair of washers that sandwich the base member and the plate; a bolt inserted into the first and second bolt holes via the pair of washers; a nut fastened to the bolt; A joining structure in which an adhesive is filled in gaps between the bolt and the first and second bolt holes, The pair of washers each have a hole communicating with the gap, The adhesive is filled in the holes and the gaps of the pair of washers. A joining structure characterized by:

9. The joining structure according to claim 8, A reinforcing member having a higher elastic modulus than the hardened adhesive is inserted into the gap. A joining structure characterized by:

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