Method for fixing structure, method for attaching and detaching structure, and structure fixing structure

Abstract

To provide a structure fixing method, a structure attaching / detaching method, and a structure fixing structure capable of peeling off a fixed structure without damaging it and excellent in recyclability and reworkability.SOLUTION: The structure fixing method includes a step of preparing a laminate 1 including a foam layer 10 and an adhesive layer 11,12 laminated directly or via another layer on at least one surface of the foam layer 10, and a step of disposing the laminate 1 between a first structure 2 and a second structure 3 and fixing the first structure 2 and the second structure 3 via the laminate 1, wherein the foam layer 10 is breakable between the first structure 2 and the second structure 3.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for fixing a structure, a method for attaching and detaching a structure, and a structure for fixing a structure. [Background technology]

[0002] In the construction of buildings and structures, mechanical fastening methods using screws and adhesives are used to secure the structures that make up the buildings and structures. Generally, mechanical fastening methods are used for heavy structures such as conventional solar panels, while adhesive methods are used for lighter structures such as decorative panels. In recent years, flexible thin-film solar cells such as perovskite solar panels have become popular, and the use of adhesive methods for solar panels due to their light weight is being considered.

[0003] In the bonding method, there is one that uses an adhesive as a means for fixing the structure (see, for example, Patent Document 1), and there is another that uses a tape-like or sheet-like laminate with an adhesive layer as a means for fixing the structure (see, for example, Patent Document 2). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2012-37024 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 10-109374 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] When decorative panels, solar panels, and other structures are fixed with adhesive, if the structure needs to be re-installed due to misalignment, or when the fixed parts need to be removed due to renewal or damage, the components are firmly adhered, so force must be applied to remove them, which can damage one of the structures at the fixed point, resulting in problems with poor recyclability and reworkability.

[0006] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for fixing a structure, a method for attaching and detaching a structure, and a fixing structure for a structure, which can peel off a fixed structure without damaging it and have excellent recyclability and reworkability. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and the gist of the present invention is as follows. [1] A method for fixing structures, comprising the steps of: preparing a laminate having a foam layer and an adhesive layer laminated on at least one side of the foam layer directly or via another layer; and placing the laminate between a first structure and a second structure, and fixing the first structure and the second structure via the laminate, wherein the foam layer is breakable between the first structure and the second structure. [2] The method for fixing a structure described in [1], wherein the laminate has the adhesive layer laminated on both sides of the foam layer directly or via another layer. [3] The method for fixing a structure according to [1] or [2], wherein the laminate has a support layer between the foam layer and the adhesive layer. [4] The method for fixing a structure according to [3], wherein the tensile breaking strength of the support layer is greater than the tensile breaking strength of the foam layer. [5] The method for fixing a structure according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the foam layer has closed cells. [6] A method for fixing structures described in any one of [1] to [5], wherein the laminate placed between the first structure and the second structure has scattered areas with weak adhesive strength in the longitudinal direction. [7] The method for fixing structures according to any one of [1] to [6], wherein the number of the laminates disposed between the first structure and the second structure is plural. [8] The method for fixing a structure according to any one of [1] to [7], wherein the resin constituting the foam layer includes at least one selected from the group consisting of polyolefin-based resins, urethane-based resins, acrylic-based resins, and elastomer-based resins. [9] The method for fixing structures according to any one of [1] to [8], further comprising the step of mechanically fastening the first structure and the second structure.

[10] The method for fixing a structure according to any one of [1] to [9], wherein the first structure has flexibility.

[11] The method for fixing a structure according to any one of [1] to

[10] , wherein the first structure is a building material.

[12] The method for fixing a structure according to any one of [1] to

[11] , wherein the first structure is a solar panel.

[13] A method for attaching and detaching structures, comprising the steps of: preparing a laminate having a foam layer and an adhesive layer laminated on at least one side of the foam layer directly or via another layer; placing the laminate between a first structure and a second structure and fixing the first structure and the second structure via the laminate; and breaking the foam layer between the first structure and the second structure to separate the first structure and the second structure.

[14] A method for attaching and detaching structures described in

[13] , wherein in the step of separating the first structure and the second structure, a fracture origin is formed in the foam layer, and forces are applied to the fracture origin in at least two directions opposite to each other in the thickness direction of the foam layer, thereby splitting the foam layer in a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction.

[15] A structure for fixing a structure, in which a laminate comprising a foam layer and an adhesive layer laminated on at least one side of the foam layer directly or via another layer is placed between a first structure and a second structure, the first structure and the second structure are fixed via the laminate, and the foam layer is breakable between the first structure and the second structure. [Effects of the Invention]

[0008] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a method for fixing a structure, a method for attaching and detaching a structure, and a structure fixing structure that can peel off a fixed structure without damaging it and that are excellent in recyclability and reworkability. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0009] [Figure 1] 1A to 1C are cross-sectional views illustrating steps in a method for fixing and separating a structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] 1A to 1C are cross-sectional views illustrating steps in a method for fixing and separating a structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] 10A and 10B are cross-sectional views showing separation in a method for fixing a structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] 1 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a laminate in a method for fixing a structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 5] 1 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a laminate in a method for fixing a structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] 1A to 1C are cross-sectional views illustrating steps in a method for fixing and separating a structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] 1A to 1C are schematic diagrams illustrating a process of fixing a first flexible structure in a method for fixing a structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 8] 10A to 10C are schematic diagrams illustrating the fixing and peeling process when the second structure has a step in the method for fixing a structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 9] 1 is a schematic diagram showing mechanical fastening in a method for fixing a structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0010] [Method of fixing the structure] A method for fixing structures according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the steps of preparing a laminate 1 (see FIG. 1(a)) including a foam layer 10 and adhesive layers 11 and 12 laminated on both sides of the foam layer 10 directly or via another layer, and placing the laminate 1 between a first structure 2 and a second structure 3 and fixing the first structure 2 and the second structure 3 via the laminate 1 (see FIG. 1(a)). Through these steps, a fixed structure in which the first structure 2 and the second structure 3 are fixed is obtained.

[0011] The foam layer 10 included in the laminate 1 used in the method for fixing structures according to the embodiment of the present invention can be broken between the first structure 2 and the second structure 3 (see FIGS. 1(b) and 1(c)). Therefore, the first structure 2 and the second structure 3 fixed by the above-mentioned fixing method can be detached from each other by further including a step of breaking the foam layer 10 between the first structure 2 and the second structure 3 and separating the first structure 2 and the second structure 3, as shown in FIG. 1(c).

[0012] The laminate 1 used in the method for fixing structures according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a foam layer 10 and adhesive layers 11 and 12 laminated on both sides of the foam layer 10 directly or via another layer. The laminate 1 is disposed between a first structure 2 and a second structure 3, and the first structure 2 and the second structure 3 are bonded together via the laminate 1, thereby fixing the first structure 2 and the second structure 3. The laminate 1 bonds the adhesive layer 11 to the first structure 2 and also bonds the adhesive layer 12 to the second structure 3. The laminate 1 is strip-shaped, which allows for easy handling.

[0013] When the foam layer 10 of the laminate 1 is to be broken between the first structure 2 and the second structure 3, as shown in Fig. 1(b), the foam layer 10 is torn in the planar direction using a breaking tool 4 such as a cutter and a wire to form a fracture surface 40. Then, as shown in Fig. 1(c), the foam layer 10 is broken into two by the fracture surface 40, becoming broken foam layers 10a and 10b, and the first structure 2 and the second structure 3 can be separated. According to the method for fixing structures according to the embodiment of the present invention, the foam layer 10 of the laminate 1 is split open with the breaking tool 4, allowing the first structure 2 and the second structure 3 to be peeled and separated without being damaged. This makes it easy to reuse the first structure 2 and the second structure 3. Furthermore, even if the first structure 2 is fixed to the second structure 3 in an incorrect position, for example, reworking is easy.

[0014] 2(a) and 2(b), in the step of separating the first structure 2 and the second structure 3, fracture initiation points 40a are formed in the foam layer 10, and by applying forces in at least two opposite directions in the thickness direction of the foam layer 10 to the fracture initiation points 40a, the foam layer 10 can be split in a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction. In this step, it is usually preferable to separate the first structure 2 and the second structure 3 by peeling the first structure 2 from the second structure 3. As shown in FIG. 2( a), fracture initiation points 40a formed in the foam layer 10 can be formed by tearing a portion of the foam layer 10 in the planar direction from one end side using a breaking tool 4. As shown in FIG. 2( b), when force is applied to the foam layer 10 in at least two opposing directions in the thickness direction, the fracture initiation points 40a become the starting points of fracture surfaces 40 formed in the foam layer 10, and the fracture surfaces 40 can be easily formed. By forming the fracture surfaces 40 starting from the fracture initiation points 40a, it is not necessary to spread the breaking tool 4 over the entire planar direction of the foam layer 10. Therefore, even if there is a protrusion or step on the adhesive surface between the first structure 2 and the second structure 3, the first structure 2 and the second structure 3 can be peeled and separated without damaging them.

[0015] In the process of separating the first structure 2 and the second structure 3, a force is applied to the fracture initiation point 40a in at least two opposing directions in the thickness direction of the foam layer 10, thereby splitting the foam layer 10 in a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction. The peel angle θ of the first structure 2 or the second structure 3 when the foam layer 10 is split in a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction is preferably 15° or greater, as shown in FIG. 3 . Setting the peel angle θ to 15° or greater makes it easier for stress to concentrate in a portion of the foam layer 10, and separation can be easily achieved by splitting the foam layer 10 from that portion. Furthermore, the first structure 2 and the second structure 3 are prevented from elongating and deforming, thereby suppressing breakage and improving recyclability. Here, the peel angle is the angle formed between the surface of the second structure 3 to which the laminate 1 is bonded and the surface of the first structure 2 to which the laminate 1 is bonded when peeling and separating one structure (the first structure 2 in FIG. 3 ) from the other structure (the second structure 3 in FIG. 3 ).

[0016] In an embodiment of the present invention, the laminate 1 disposed between the first structure 2 and the second structure 3 can be configured to have scattered areas 1a with weak adhesive strength in the longitudinal direction, as shown in Fig. 4. The scattered areas 1a with weak adhesive strength in the laminate 1 that fixes the first structure 2 and the second structure 3 make it easier to peel the laminate 1 (adhesive layers 11, 12) from the first structure 2 and the second structure 3, starting from the areas 1a with weak adhesive strength. Specifically, for example, it is preferable to alternately provide areas 1a with weak adhesive strength and areas 1b with strong adhesive strength along the longitudinal direction of the laminate 1. The overall adhesive strength between the first structure 2 and the second structure 3 by the laminate 1 can be compensated for by the entire adhesive surface between the first structure 2 and the second structure 3, and must be strong enough to at least maintain the adhesion between the first structure 2 and the second structure 3. Methods for forming areas 1a with weak adhesive strength in the laminate 1 include, for example, a method of reducing the adhesive strength by making the adhesive layers 11, 12 corresponding to the areas 1a with weak adhesive strength thinner than other areas, a method of reducing the adhesive strength by placing a separator on the adhesive layers 11, 12 corresponding to the areas 1a with weak adhesive strength, and a method of applying a release agent to the adhesive layers 11, 12 corresponding to the areas 1a with weak adhesive strength.

[0017] In the method for fixing structures according to an embodiment of the present invention, the laminate 1 placed between the first structure 2 and the second structure 3 can be configured as a plurality of laminates 1, as shown in Figures 5(a) and (b). In the laminate 1 shown in FIG. 5(a), two laminates 1 are arranged in parallel around a second structure 3 and bonded to a first structure 2. The two laminates 1, 1 are arranged in close proximity to each other in the width direction. Here, "close" refers to being spaced apart by a distance shorter than the width of the laminate 1. For example, the distance between the laminates may be approximately 0.01 to 0.99, preferably 0.05 to 0.8, of the width of the laminate 1. The laminate 1 shown in FIG. 5(a) essentially constitutes a unified fastening member by the two parallel laminates 1, 1, thereby stably fastening the structures together. Furthermore, when peeling the laminate 1 (adhesive layers 11, 12) from the first structure 2 and the second structure 3, the adhesive area of ​​each laminate 1 is small, so peeling requires little force and is easy. Three or more laminates may be arranged in close proximity to each other.

[0018] In the laminate 1 shown in FIG. 5(b), five laminates 1 are arranged in parallel on a second structure 3 and are bonded and fixed to a first structure 2. In FIG. 5(b), multiple laminates 1 are arranged in parallel in the width direction while being spaced apart from each other by a certain distance along one direction. Here, the distance between the tapes of each laminate 1 may be, for example, greater than the width of the laminate 1. By increasing the distance between the laminates 1, it is possible to fix the structures together evenly and stably across the entire surface using a relatively small number of laminates 1. Furthermore, because the adhesive surface area of ​​each laminate 1 is not large, the force required for peeling is small and easy.

[0019] 6(a) to 6(c), the laminate 1 used in the method for fixing a structure according to the embodiment of the present invention may include support layers 13, 14 between the foam layer 10 and the adhesive layers 11, 12. The support layers 13, 14 support the foam layer 10 and the adhesive layers 11, 12 and impart tensile breaking strength to the foam layer 10 and the adhesive layers 11, 12, thereby improving reworkability. By providing support layers 13 and 14 on both sides of foam layer 10, when foam layer 10 is torn in the planar direction and adhesive layers 11 and 12 are peeled off from first structure 2 and second structure 3, elongation deformation of adhesive layers 11 and 12 is suppressed during peeling, preventing breakage and enabling excellent peelability to be achieved. The support layers 13 and 14 are preferably laminated directly to the foam layer 10, but may be laminated via an adhesive layer or the like. As shown in Figures 6(a) to 6(c), the support layer may be provided on both sides of the foam layer 10, or may be provided on only one side of the foam layer 10. When the support layer is provided on only one side, the support layer may be provided on the first structure 2 side or the second structure 3 side, but is preferably provided on the second structure 3 side. By providing the support layer on the second structure 3 side, the adhesive layer 12 can be easily peeled off when removed, making it easy to reinstall another first structure 2 on the second structure 3.

[0020] In the present invention, the tensile breaking strength of the support layers 13, 14 is preferably greater than the tensile breaking strength of the foam layer 10. When the tensile breaking strength of the support layers 13, 14 is greater than the tensile breaking strength of the foam layer 10, excellent releasability from the first structure 2 and the second structure 3 is readily achieved while the broken foam layers 10a, 10b are held by the support layers 13, 14. Specifically, when the support layers 13, 14 and the broken foam layers 10a, 10b are peeled from the first structure 2 and the second structure 3 in the state shown in FIG. 6(c), breakage of the broken foam layers 10a, 10b is prevented, and the broken foam layers 10a, 10b can be peeled while being held by the support layers 13, 14. Excellent releasability from the first structure 2 and the second structure 3 improves the recyclability of the first structure 2 and the second structure 3.

[0021] The tensile breaking strength of the support layers 13, 14 is preferably 10 N / 10 mm or more, more preferably 20 N / 10 mm or more, and even more preferably 40 N / 10 mm or more. The higher the tensile breaking strength of the support layers 13, 14, the better. There is no particular upper limit, but the strength can be set to, for example, 500 N / 10 mm. The tensile breaking strength of the foam layer 10 is preferably 2 to 30 N / 10 mm, more preferably 3 to 25 N / 10 mm, and even more preferably 4 to 20 N / 10 mm. The tensile breaking strength of the support layers 13, 14 and the foam layer 10 is the tensile breaking strength in the machine direction (MD), and is measured by the method described below. The support layers 13, 14 or the foam layer 10 are cut into a dumbbell shape No. 1 as specified in JIS K6251 4.1, and these are used as samples to measure by pulling in the MD direction at a measurement temperature of 23°C and a speed of 500 mm / min using a tensile tester (product name "Tensilon RTF235", manufactured by A&D Co., Ltd.).

[0022] In the present invention, it is preferable that the tensile breaking strength of the support layers 13, 14 is greater than the tensile breaking strength of the foamed layer 10, and therefore the support layers 13, 14 are preferably non-foamed. By using non-foamed support layers 13, 14, the tensile breaking strength of the support layers 13, 14 becomes greater than the tensile breaking strength of the foamed layer 10. When the support layers 13, 14 are foamed, it is preferable that the expansion ratio of the support layers 13, 14 is lower than that of the foamed layer 10 that constitutes the foamed layer 10. On the other hand, when the support layers 13 and 14 are made of a foam, the ability to conform to the first structure 2 and the second structure 3 is easily improved.

[0023] [Foam layer] The foam constituting the foam layer 10 will be described in more detail below.

[0024] <Expansion ratio> The foam of the foam layer 10 preferably has an expansion ratio of 5 to 30, more preferably 6 to 27, and even more preferably 7 to 25. If the expansion ratio is equal to or greater than the lower limit, the tensile breaking strength of the foam layer 10 is kept below a certain level, and the foam layer 10 is easily torn in the planar direction before the fixed structure is peeled off. In addition, the laminate 1 is easily provided with excellent step-conforming properties. On the other hand, if the expansion ratio is equal to or less than the upper limit, a certain tensile breaking strength is imparted to the foam layer 10, making it less likely to break due to the weight of the fixed object or to break in the external environment such as wind. The expansion ratio in the present invention is determined by measuring the apparent density in accordance with JIS K7222. 3 The reciprocal of this is the expansion ratio (times).

[0025] <Average bubble diameter> The foam layer 10 preferably has an average cell diameter of 20 to 500 μm, more preferably 30 to 300 μm, and even more preferably 35 to 200 μm. When the average cell diameter is equal to or greater than the lower limit, excellent peelability and step-conforming properties are easily imparted to the laminate 1. In addition, the foam layer 10 is easily torn in the surface direction. On the other hand, when the average cell diameter is equal to or less than the upper limit, a certain level of tensile breaking strength is imparted to the foamed layer 10, which makes it easier to impart excellent releasability to the foamed layer 10. In addition, the foamed layer 10 can be easily made thinner. The average bubble diameter in the present invention is the maximum value among the average bubble diameters in the MD (Machine Direction), the average bubble diameters in the TD (Transverse Direction), and the average bubble diameters in the ZD (perpendicular to both MD and TD) direction.

[0026] In the foamed layer 10, the average cell diameter in the MD direction is preferably 15 to 450 μm, more preferably 25 to 250 μm, and even more preferably 30 to 150 μm. The average cell diameter in the TD direction is preferably 20 to 500 μm, more preferably 30 to 300 μm, and even more preferably 35 to 200 μm. The average cell diameter in the ZD direction is preferably 10 to 400 μm, more preferably 20 to 350 μm, and even more preferably 30 to 300 μm. The average cell diameter can be measured by the method described below. The foam constituting the foam layer 10 is cut into 50 mm squares, immersed in liquid nitrogen for 1 minute, and then cut in the thickness direction along both the MD and TD. A 200x magnification photograph is taken using a digital microscope (Keyence Corporation, product name VHX-900). For the foam in the photographed image, the cell diameters in the MD and ZD, and the cell diameters in the TD and ZD are measured for all bubbles present in a 2 mm-long cut surface in each of the MD and TD. This procedure is repeated five times. The average values ​​of the cell diameters in the MD and TD of all bubbles are defined as the average cell diameter in the MD and TD, and the average value of the cell diameters in all ZDs measured by the above procedure is defined as the average cell diameter in the ZD.

[0027] <Closed bubble rate> The foam layer 10 preferably has closed cells. When the foam layer 10 has closed cells, the water absorption of the foam layer 10 can be suppressed, and water can be prevented from entering the construction portion constructed by the method for fixing a structure of the present invention, thereby preventing mold and deterioration of the structure. The foam layer 10 preferably has a closed cell ratio of 70% or more, more preferably 80% or more, and even more preferably 90% or more. The upper limit of the closed cell ratio is not particularly limited, and is 100%. By ensuring that the closed cell ratio is equal to or greater than the lower limit, the interlayer strength of the foam is increased, making it less likely to break due to forces such as the weight of the fixed object or external wind. Furthermore, the increased tensile breaking strength makes it easier to impart excellent peelability to the foam layer 10. The closed cell content is measured according to the method of ASTM D2856 (1998).

[0028] <Crosslinking degree> The foam layer 10 is preferably a crosslinked foam. Specifically, the degree of crosslinking of the foam layer 10 is preferably 10 to 60% by mass, more preferably 20 to 45% by mass. By setting the degree of crosslinking of the foam layer 10 within the above range, the mechanical strength, flexibility, impact absorption, etc. of the foam layer 10 can be easily improved. Furthermore, foaming in the foam layer 10 can be carried out appropriately. The method for measuring the degree of crosslinking is as follows. A test piece of about 100 mg is taken from the foam layer 10, and the weight A (mg) of the test piece is precisely weighed. Next, this test piece is immersed in 30 cm of xylene at 120°C. 3 After immersion for 24 hours, the insoluble matter on the mesh was filtered through a 200-mesh wire netting, vacuum-dried, and the weight B (mg) of the insoluble matter was precisely weighed. The degree of crosslinking (mass%) was calculated from the obtained value using the following formula: Crosslinking degree (mass%) = 100×(B / A)

[0029] <Thickness> The thickness of the foam layer 10 is preferably 0.1 to 4.0 mm, more preferably 0.2 to 3.5 mm, and even more preferably 0.3 to 3.0 mm. When the thickness of the foam layer 10 is equal to or greater than the above-mentioned lower limit, sufficient space is secured for the breaking instrument 4 to cut into the foam layer 10, allowing the foam layer 10 to be torn in the planar direction, making it easier to impart excellent peelability and to conform to unevenness in the installation area. When the thickness of the foam layer 10 is equal to or less than the above-mentioned upper limit, the thickness of the entire foam sheet can be made thin, allowing it to be used to secure structures in narrow spaces.

[0030] <Resin> The resin constituting the foam layer 10 of the present invention is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of polyolefin resins, urethane resins, acrylic resins, and elastomer resins. By using these resins as the resin constituting the foam layer 10, it is possible to suppress the water absorption of the foam layer 10, prevent water from entering the construction area constructed by the method for fixing a structure of the present invention, prevent mold and deterioration of the structure, and maintain sufficient mechanical strength.

[0031] (Polyolefin resin) Examples of polyolefin resins include polyethylene resins, polypropylene resins, and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, among which polyethylene resins are preferred. Examples of polyethylene resins include polyethylene resins polymerized with a polymerization catalyst such as a Ziegler-Natta compound, a metallocene compound, or a chromium oxide compound, among which polyethylene resins polymerized with a polymerization catalyst such as a metallocene compound are preferred.

[0032] Furthermore, linear low-density polyethylene is preferred as the polyethylene resin. The use of linear low-density polyethylene imparts high flexibility to the foam sheet and enables the foam sheet to be thin-walled. Furthermore, the linear low-density polyethylene is more preferably a linear low-density polyethylene obtained by copolymerizing ethylene (for example, 75% by mass or more, preferably 90% by mass or more, based on the total amount of monomers) with a small amount of α-olefin as needed. Specific examples of the α-olefin include propylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-heptene, and 1-octene, and among these, α-olefins having 4 to 10 carbon atoms are preferred. The density of the polyethylene resin, for example, the linear low-density polyethylene, is 0.870 to 0.980 g / cm 3 is preferable, and 0.875 to 0.960 g / cm 3 More preferably, 0.880 to 0.950 g / cm 3As the polyethylene resin, a plurality of polyethylene resins may be used, and a polyethylene resin having a density outside the above range may be added.

[0033] (Metallocene compounds) Examples of metallocene compounds include compounds such as bis(cyclopentadienyl) metal complexes having a structure in which a transition metal is sandwiched between π-electron unsaturated compounds. More specifically, examples include compounds in which one or more cyclopentadienyl rings or analogs thereof exist as ligands on a tetravalent transition metal such as titanium, zirconium, nickel, palladium, hafnium, or platinum. Such metallocene compounds have uniform properties of active sites, and each active site has the same activity. Polymers synthesized using metallocene compounds have high uniformity in molecular weight, molecular weight distribution, composition, composition distribution, etc., so when a sheet containing a polymer synthesized using a metallocene compound is crosslinked, the crosslinking proceeds uniformly. A uniformly crosslinked sheet is foamed uniformly, making it easier to stabilize its physical properties. In addition, since it can be stretched uniformly, the thickness of the foam sheet can be made uniform.

[0034] Examples of the ligand include a cyclopentadienyl ring and an indenyl ring. These cyclic compounds may be substituted with a hydrocarbon group, a substituted hydrocarbon group, or a hydrocarbon-substituted metalloid group. Examples of hydrocarbon groups include a methyl group, an ethyl group, various propyl groups, various butyl groups, various amyl groups, various hexyl groups, 2-ethylhexyl groups, various heptyl groups, various octyl groups, various nonyl groups, various decyl groups, various cetyl groups, and a phenyl group. Note that "various" refers to various isomers including n-, sec-, tert-, and iso-. Alternatively, a cyclic compound may be polymerized as an oligomer and used as the ligand. Furthermore, in addition to the π-electron unsaturated compounds, monovalent anionic ligands such as chlorine and bromine, or divalent anionic chelate ligands, hydrocarbons, alkoxides, arylamides, aryloxides, amides, arylamides, phosphides, arylphosphides, and the like may also be used.

[0035] Examples of metallocene compounds containing a tetravalent transition metal or a ligand include cyclopentadienyltitanium tris(dimethylamide), methylcyclopentadienyltitanium tris(dimethylamide), bis(cyclopentadienyl)titanium dichloride, and dimethylsilyltetramethylcyclopentadienyl-t-butylamide zirconium dichloride. Metallocene compounds, when combined with a specific cocatalyst (promoter), function as a catalyst during the polymerization of various olefins. Specific examples of the cocatalyst include methylaluminoxane (MAO) and boron-based compounds. The ratio of the cocatalyst to the metallocene compound is preferably 100,000 to 1,000,000 moles, and more preferably 50 to 5,000 moles. When the linear low-density polyethylene is used as the polyolefin resin, the linear low-density polyethylene may be used alone or in combination with other polyolefin resins other than the linear low-density polyethylene, for example, in combination with the polyolefin resins other than polyethylene resins described below. When other polyolefin resins are used in combination, the ratio of the other polyolefin resins to the linear low-density polyethylene (100% by mass) is preferably 40% by mass or less, more preferably 30% by mass or less, and even more preferably 20% by mass or less.

[0036] The ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer used as the polyolefin resin is, for example, an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer containing 50% by mass or more of ethylene. Examples of polypropylene resins include homopolypropylene and propylene-α-olefin copolymers containing preferably 70% by mass or more, more preferably 90% by mass or more, of propylene, etc. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Specific examples of the α-olefin constituting the propylene-α-olefin copolymer include ethylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-heptene, and 1-octene, and among these, α-olefins having 6 to 12 carbon atoms are preferred.

[0037] Furthermore, when a polyolefin resin is used as the resin, the polyolefin resin may be used alone, or may contain a resin other than the polyolefin resin. The proportion of the polyolefin resin to the total amount of resin is preferably 60% by mass or more, more preferably 70% by mass or more, and even more preferably 80% by mass or more. As the resin other than the polyolefin resin to be used in combination as the polyolefin resin, any of the above-mentioned resins other than the polyolefin resin may be used, but preferably an elastomer resin is used.

[0038] (urethane resin) As the urethane-based resin, a reaction product of a polyol and a polyisocyanate can be suitably used. The polyol is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose, and examples thereof include polyester polyols, polyether polyols, polycarbonate polyols, etc. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0039] Examples of polyester polyols include polyesters obtained by an esterification reaction between a low-molecular-weight polyol and a polycarboxylic acid, polyesters obtained by a ring-opening polymerization reaction of a cyclic ester compound such as ε-caprolactone, and copolymer polyesters thereof. Examples of low-molecular-weight polyols that can be used to produce polyester polyols include aliphatic alkylene glycols such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, diethylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, and 1,3-butanediol, which have a weight-average molecular weight of approximately 50 to 300, and cyclohexanedimethanol.

[0040] Examples of polycarboxylic acids include aliphatic dicarboxylic acids such as succinic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, and dodecanedicarboxylic acid; aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, phthalic acid, and naphthalenedicarboxylic acid; and anhydrides or esters thereof.

[0041] Examples of polyether polyols include those obtained by addition polymerization of alkylene oxide using one or more compounds having two or more active hydrogen atoms as an initiator.

[0042] As the polycarbonate polyol, for example, a product obtained by reacting a carbonate ester and / or phosgene with a low-molecular-weight polyol described below can be used.

[0043] Examples of carbonate esters include methyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, ethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, cyclocarbonate, and diphenyl carbonate.

[0044] Examples of low molecular weight polyols that can be used to produce polycarbonate polyols and that can react with carbonate esters and / or phosgene include ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, 1,2-butanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 2,3-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,5-hexanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 2,5-hexanediol, 1 ,7-heptanediol, 1,8-octanediol, 1,9-nonanediol, 1,10-decanediol, 1,11-undecanediol, 1,12-dodecanediol, 2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, neopentyl glycol, 2-butyl-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol, 3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol, 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol, 2-methyl-1,8-octanediol, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, hydroquinone, resorcinol, bisphenol A, bisphenol F, 4,4'-biphenol, etc.

[0045] The polyisocyanate is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose, and examples thereof include alicyclic polyisocyanates, aliphatic polyisocyanates, aromatic polyisocyanates, etc., and examples thereof include alicyclic polyisocyanates, etc. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0046] Examples of alicyclic polyisocyanates include isophorone diisocyanate, 1,3-bis(isocyanatomethyl)cyclohexane, 4,4'-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate, 2,4-methylcyclohexane diisocyanate, 2,6-methylcyclohexane diisocyanate, cyclohexylene diisocyanate, methylcyclohexylene diisocyanate, bis(2-isocyanatoethyl)-4-cyclohexylene-1,2-dicarboxylate, 2,5-norbornane diisocyanate, 2,6-norbornane diisocyanate, dimer acid diisocyanate, bicycloheptane triisocyanate, etc. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0047] (acrylic resin) As the acrylic resin, a polymer containing a (meth)acrylate monomer unit and optionally further containing other monomer units can be used. In the present invention, the expression "containing a monomer unit" of a polymer means that "a polymer obtained using the monomer contains a repeating unit derived from the monomer." Furthermore, in the present invention, the term "(meth)acrylate" means acrylate and / or methacrylate.

[0048] Here, the (meth)acrylate monomer unit is a repeating unit derived from a (meth)acrylate monomer. The (meth)acrylate monomer is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include (meth)acrylic acid alkyl ester monomers such as methyl (meth)acrylate, ethyl (meth)acrylate, n-propyl (meth)acrylate, n-butyl (meth)acrylate, sec-butyl (meth)acrylate, n-heptyl (meth)acrylate, n-hexyl (meth)acrylate, n-octyl (meth)acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth)acrylate, and n-dodecyl (meth)acrylate, and (meth)acrylic acid alkoxyalkyl ester monomers such as 2-methoxyethyl (meth)acrylate, 3-methoxypropyl (meth)acrylate, 3-methoxybutyl (meth)acrylate, and ethoxymethyl (meth)acrylate. The (meth)acrylate monomers may be used alone or in combination of two or more. In the present invention, "(meth)acrylic" means acrylic and / or methacrylic. The other monomer units are not particularly limited, and examples thereof include repeating units derived from unsaturated carboxylic acid monomers, repeating units derived from vinyl cyanide monomers, and repeating units derived from alkenyl aromatic monomers.

[0049] (Elastomer resin) Examples of elastomer resins include acrylonitrile butadiene rubber, ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (EPDM), ethylene-propylene rubber (EPM), natural rubber, polybutadiene rubber, polyisoprene rubber, styrene rubber, silicone rubber, and acrylic rubber. Styrene rubber may be a random copolymer or a hydrogenated copolymer of styrene and a conjugated diene compound. Specific examples include styrene-butadiene copolymer (SBR) and its hydrogenated copolymer (HSBR). The elastomer resin also includes a thermoplastic elastomer, such as an olefin thermoplastic elastomer, a styrene thermoplastic elastomer, a vinyl chloride thermoplastic elastomer, a polyurethane thermoplastic elastomer resin, a polyester thermoplastic elastomer, or a polyamide thermoplastic elastomer. The elastomer may be one of the above components, or two or more of them may be used in combination. The elastomer is preferably a thermoplastic elastomer. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of easily adjusting the tensile storage modulus, the rate of change in tensile storage modulus, the sheet recovery rate, and the like within the above ranges, silicone rubber, olefin-based thermoplastic elastomers, and styrene-based thermoplastic elastomers are more preferred. Furthermore, the above rubbers and elastomers may be mixed together, or, as described below, thermoplastic resins with good compatibility may be mixed and used.

[0050] Examples of olefin-based thermoplastic elastomers include blend-type, dynamically crosslinked-type, and polymerization-type elastomers. More specifically, examples include thermoplastic elastomers that use a thermoplastic crystalline polyolefin such as polypropylene or polyethylene for the hard segment and a fully vulcanized or partially vulcanized rubber for the soft segment. Examples of the thermoplastic crystalline polyolefin include a homopolymer of an α-olefin having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a copolymer of two or more α-olefins, with polyethylene or polypropylene being preferred. Examples of the soft segment component include butyl rubber, halobutyl rubber, EPDM, EPM, acrylonitrile / butadiene rubber, NBR, and natural rubber, with EPDM being preferred. The olefin-based thermoplastic elastomer used in the present invention is preferably an olefin-based thermoplastic elastomer that can be produced by dynamic crosslinking, in which EPDM forms fine island phases within a polypropylene phase. When using such an olefin-based thermoplastic elastomer, the sheet recovery rate and the rate of change in tensile storage modulus can be adjusted within the above-mentioned specified ranges, regardless of whether the resin foam sheet is crosslinked or not, although the reason is unclear. Commercially available examples of such thermoplastic elastomers include "Prime TPO" manufactured by Prime Polymer Co., Ltd. and "EXCELINK 4700P" manufactured by JSR Corporation.

[0051] Further, olefin-based thermoplastic elastomers include block copolymer types. Block copolymer types include those having a crystalline block and a soft segment block, and more specifically, crystalline olefin block-ethylene-butylene copolymer-crystalline olefin block copolymer (CEBC). In CEBC, the crystalline olefin block is preferably a crystalline ethylene block, and commercially available CEBCs include "DYNARON 6200P" manufactured by JSR Corporation.

[0052] Examples of styrene-based thermoplastic elastomers include block copolymers having a styrene polymer or copolymer block and a conjugated diene compound polymer or copolymer block, such as isoprene and butadiene. The styrene-based thermoplastic elastomer used in the present invention may or may not be hydrogenated. When hydrogenated, the hydrogenation can be carried out by a known method.

[0053] Styrene-based thermoplastic elastomers are usually block copolymers, and examples thereof include styrene-isoprene block copolymers, styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymers, styrene-butadiene block copolymers, styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymers, styrene-ethylene / butylene-styrene block copolymers (SEBS), styrene-ethylene / propylene-styrene block copolymers (SEPS), styrene-ethylene / butylene block copolymers (SEB), styrene-ethylene / propylene block copolymers (SEP), and styrene-ethylene / butylene-crystalline olefin block copolymers (SEBC). As the styrene-based thermoplastic elastomer, a block copolymer is preferred, and among them, SEBS and SEBC are more preferred.

[0054] Commercially available styrene-based thermoplastic elastomers include those manufactured by JSR Corporation, such as those under the trade name "DYNARON 8600P" (styrene content: 15% by mass), "DYNARON 4600P" (styrene content: 20% by mass), and "DYNARON 1321P" (styrene content: 10% by mass).

[0055] Among the resins mentioned above, the resin constituting the foam sheet of the present invention is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of polyolefin-based resins, urethane-based resins, and elastomer-based resins. Polyolefin-based resins are even more preferred, ethylene-based resins are even more preferred, and ethylene-based resins polymerized with metallocene compounds are particularly preferred. The use of polyolefin-based resins in the foam layer 10 reduces the generation of resin debris when the foam sheet is torn in the planar direction, helping to prevent malfunctions in electronic devices caused by the inclusion of foreign matter due to the debris. Furthermore, the use of these specific types of resins also facilitates clean peeling of the foam sheet. Furthermore, it also facilitates good conformability to uneven surfaces.

[0056] <Foaming agent> The foam sheet of the present invention is preferably a foam obtained by foaming a foamable composition containing the above-mentioned resin and a foaming agent. The foam obtained by foaming is composed of a foam having a large number of cells therein, which are composed of bubbles, and which uses a resin alone or a resin optionally blended with an additive as a matrix resin. Examples of the foaming agent include thermal decomposition foaming agents, and as the thermal decomposition type foaming agent, organic foaming agents and inorganic foaming agents can be used. The thermal decomposition type foaming agent usually has a decomposition temperature higher than the melting temperature of the resin, for example, 140 to 270°C. Specific examples of organic blowing agents include azo compounds such as azodicarbonamide, metal azodicarboxylates (e.g., barium azodicarboxylate), and azobisisobutyronitrile; nitroso compounds such as N,N'-dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine; hydrazine derivatives such as hydrazodicarbonamide, 4,4'-oxybis(benzenesulfonylhydrazide), and toluenesulfonylhydrazide; and semicarbazide compounds such as toluenesulfonylsemicarbazide. Examples of inorganic foaming agents include ammonium carbonate, sodium carbonate, ammonium hydrogen carbonate, sodium hydrogen carbonate, ammonium nitrite, sodium borohydride, and anhydrous monosodium citrate. Among these, from the viewpoint of obtaining fine bubbles and from the viewpoints of economy and safety, azo compounds are preferred, and azodicarbonamide is particularly preferred. These thermally decomposable foaming agents can be used alone or in combination of two or more. The amount of the thermally decomposable foaming agent in the foamable composition is preferably 0.5 to 20 parts by mass, more preferably 1 to 15 parts by mass, and even more preferably 1 to 10 parts by mass, per 100 parts by mass of the resin.

[0057] When a polyolefin resin, an acrylic resin, or an elastomer resin is used as the resin, it is preferable to use the above-mentioned thermal decomposition foaming agent as the foaming agent. However, foaming agents other than thermal decomposition foaming agents may also be used as the foaming agent. For example, when a urethane resin is used, it is preferable to use water, an organic halogen compound, or the like as the foaming agent. Examples of organic halogen compounds include organic chlorine compounds and organic fluorine compounds, and organic fluorine compounds are preferred. Examples of organic fluorine compounds include hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) and hydrofluoroolefins (HFOs), which may further contain chlorine atoms.

[0058] A physical foaming agent may also be used as the foaming agent. A high-pressure inert gas is preferably used as the physical foaming agent. The inert gas is not particularly limited as long as it is inert to the resin composition and can be impregnated, and examples thereof include carbon dioxide, butane gas, nitrogen gas, and air. These gases may be used in combination. Of these, carbon dioxide and butane gas are preferred from the viewpoint of easily increasing the expansion ratio of the foam. The inert gas used for impregnation is preferably in a supercritical or subcritical state.

[0059] <Other additives> The foam sheet or the foamable composition may contain, as needed, additives commonly used in foams, such as antioxidants, heat stabilizers, colorants, flame retardants, antistatic agents, fillers, decomposition temperature adjusters, etc. Among these, the use of antioxidants and decomposition temperature adjusters is preferred. Specific compounds of the decomposition temperature regulator include zinc oxide, zinc stearate, urea, etc. The content of the decomposition temperature regulator is preferably 0.01 to 5 parts by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 3 parts by mass, relative to 100 parts by mass of the resin.

[0060] [Support layer] When the support layers 13, 14 are non-foamed, they may be non-foamed resin layers. The resin constituting the support layers 13, 14 is not particularly limited as long as it can prevent breakage of the foamed layer 10 when peeled off, but examples of resins that can be used include polyolefin resins, polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate, styrene acrylate resins, elastomer resins, and acrylic resins.

[0061] Among the above, polyolefin-based resins and polyester-based resins are preferred, with polyolefin-based resins being more preferred. Polyolefin-based resins are as described above for the foam, with polyethylene-based resins being more preferred. The polyolefin-based resin used in the foam layer 10 and the polyolefin-based resins used in the support layers 13 and 14 may be the same or different, but it is preferable to use the same resin. Using the same resin makes it easier to increase the adhesive strength between the foam layer 10 and the support layers 13 and 14, preventing interfacial peeling.

[0062] When the support layers 13 and 14 are foamed, the foam constituting the support layers 13 and 14 should have an expansion ratio lower than that of the foam constituting the foamed layer 10. Specifically, the expansion ratio is preferably greater than 1 and less than 5, more preferably 1 to 4, and even more preferably 1 to 2. When the support layers 13, 14 are foamed, the resin constituting the support layers 13, 14 may or may not be the same as the resin constituting the foamed layer 10 described above. The closed cell ratio and cross-linking degree may or may not be the same as those of the foamed layer 10 described above. The resin constituting the support layers 13, 14 can be the same as the resin constituting the foamed layer 10 described above. Furthermore, additives may be appropriately blended into the resin of the support layers 13 and 14. The additives used may be the same as those used in the foam layer 10.

[0063] The thickness of the support layers 13, 14 provided in the foam sheet of the present invention is preferably 7 μm or more, more preferably 10 μm or more, and even more preferably 20 μm or more. The thickness of the support layers 13, 14 is preferably 300 μm or less, more preferably 150 μm or less, and even more preferably 100 μm or less. When the thickness of the support layers 13, 14 is equal to or greater than the above-mentioned lower limit, the support layers 13, 14 impart tensile strength to the foam layer 10, preventing the foam layer 10 from tearing during peeling from the first structure 2 and the second structure 3, and making it easier to impart excellent peelability to the foam layer 10. When the thickness of the support layers 13, 14 is equal to or less than the above-mentioned upper limit, the overall thickness of the laminate 1 can be reduced, allowing it to be used to fix structures in narrow spaces. In addition, when the laminate 1 is configured to include support layers 13, 14 on both sides of the foam layer 10, the thickness of the support layers 13, 14 refers to the thickness of each of the support layers 13, 14. For example, when the thickness of each of the support layers 13, 14 is 5 μm or more, both of the support layers 13, 14 are 5 μm or more. In addition, when the laminate 1 is configured to include support layers 13, 14 on both sides of the foam layer 10, it is preferable that the thickness of each of the support layers 13, 14 is within the above range. When the foam layer 10 is configured to have support layers 13 and 14 on both sides thereof, the support layers 13 and 14 may have the same thickness or different thicknesses, but preferably have the same thickness.

[0064] When the laminate 1 of the present invention is a multilayer body including support layers 13 and 14, from the viewpoint of achieving excellent step-conforming ability and peelability of the laminate 1, the ratio of the thickness of the foam layer 10 to the thickness of the support layers 13 and 14 (thickness of foam layer 10 / thickness of each support layer 13 and 14) is preferably 2.0 or more, more preferably 3.0 or more, even more preferably 5.0 or more, even more preferably 8.0 or more, and is preferably 50 or less, more preferably 30 or less, and even more preferably 20 or less. In the case of a multilayer body including support layers 13 and 14 on both sides of the foam layer 10, the thickness of the support layers 13 and 14 when calculating the thickness ratio is the average value of the thicknesses of the support layers 13 and 14 on both sides.

[0065] In the present invention, the foam layer 10 and the support layers 13 and 14 may be laminated directly or via another layer, but are preferably laminated directly. An example of such another layer is an adhesive layer. A known adhesive or pressure-sensitive adhesive may be used as the adhesive layer. Alternatively, a double-sided adhesive tape having pressure-sensitive adhesive layers on both sides of a substrate may be used. The adhesive layer only needs to have a thickness that does not significantly affect the physical properties such as mechanical strength and flexibility of the laminate 1. Therefore, the thickness of the adhesive layer that bonds the foam layer 10 to the support layers 13, 14 is preferably thinner than the support layers 13, 14, and more preferably equal to or less than half the thickness of the support layers 13, 14. The foam layer 10 can be produced by a known method. When a support layer is provided in the laminate 1, a laminate in which multiple resin layers are laminated by coextrusion may be obtained, and some or all of the layers may be foamed to obtain a laminate of the foam layer and the support layer. By producing the laminate by coextrusion, the foam layer 10 and the support layer can be directly laminated with high adhesive strength.

[0066] [Adhesive layer] The adhesive layers 11, 12 are made of an adhesive and may comprise at least an adhesive layer, and may be a single adhesive layer laminated on the surface of the laminate 1, or a double-sided adhesive sheet attached to the surface of the laminate 1, but is preferably a single adhesive layer. The double-sided adhesive sheet comprises a substrate and adhesive layers provided on both sides of the substrate. The double-sided adhesive sheet is used to adhere one adhesive layer to the multilayer foam sheet and the other adhesive layer to another member. The adhesive constituting the adhesive layer is not particularly limited, and for example, an acrylic adhesive, a urethane adhesive, a rubber adhesive, etc. A release sheet such as release paper may be further attached onto the adhesive material. The thickness of the adhesive layers 11 and 12 is preferably 5 to 200 μm, more preferably 10 to 150 μm, and even more preferably 15 to 100 μm.

[0067] [Structure] An example of a first structure 2 to be fixed by the method for fixing a structure according to an embodiment of the present invention is a building material. Examples of building materials include solar panels and building materials other than solar panels. Examples of building materials other than solar panels include plate-shaped or film-shaped materials, and specific examples include various decorative boards such as melamine decorative boards, gypsum boards, ALC boards, extruded cement boards, lightweight wood wool cement boards, wood chip cement boards, metal sandwich panels, calcium silicate boards, slate boards, concrete, bricks, glass, and metal plates (e.g., aluminum, iron), etc. The first structure 2 may be a rigid type having rigidity, or a flexible type having flexibility. Specifically, the solar panel serving as the first structure 2 may be a rigid type or a flexible type. An example of a flexible type solar panel is a film-type solar cell, and specifically, a film-type perovskite solar cell or the like.

[0068] When the first structure 2 is flexible, as shown in FIG. 7( a), first, the laminate 1 is attached to a desired location of the first structure 2. Then, as shown in FIG. 7( b), the first structure 2 to which the laminate 1 is attached is bent and the laminate 1 is attached to the second structure 3 from one end, thereby fixing the first structure 2 and the second structure 3 together. By attaching the laminate 1 to the flexible first structure 2 in advance, it becomes easy to adjust the position of the first structure 2 relative to the second structure 3. Furthermore, by attaching the laminate 1 to the second structure 3 from one end while bending the first structure 2 to which the laminate 1 is attached, it becomes possible to bond the first structure 2 while removing air from the laminate 1 (adhesive layer), thereby improving adhesion. However, the laminate 1 may be attached to the second structure 3 instead of the first structure 2 . Furthermore, when the first structure 2 is flexible, by peeling off the laminate 1 while bending the first structure 2, the peel angle θ, which is the angle between the surface of the second structure 3 to which the laminate 1 is bonded and the surface of the first structure 2, can be set to 15° or more, facilitating peeling of the laminate 1. Therefore, when the first structure 2 is flexible, the laminate 1 can be easily peeled off, making it easy to separate the first structure 2 and providing excellent recyclability and reworkability.

[0069] The second structure 3 fixed by the method for fixing a structure according to the embodiment of the present invention is a mounting base, a frame, etc. on which the first structure 2 is installed. When the first structure 2 is a building material such as a solar panel or a building material other than a solar panel, the second structure 3 may be a wall, a floor, a roof, a rooftop, etc., as a location where the building material is installed. The second structure 3 can be formed by laminating a sheet material 31 such as a waterproof sheet or a fireproof sheet on a foundation material 30 which is a base and a body on which the first structure 2 is to be installed.

[0070] One mode of placing a waterproof sheet 60 on a foundation material 30 is shown in Figure 8. As shown in Figure 8, a plurality of waterproof sheet fastening disks 61 (disks 61) are arranged on the foundation material 30, and the waterproof sheet 60 is placed on the plurality of disks 61. The waterproof sheet 60 may be fixed to the disks 61 by, for example, fusion bonding. Then, a laminate 1 is placed on the waterproof sheet 60, and a first structure 2 is fixed to the waterproof sheet 60 via the laminate 1. Note that Figure 8 schematically shows the waterproof sheet 60 floating above the surface of the base material 30 between the disks 61, 61. However, in reality, the laminate 1 is compressed and deformed due to the presence of the foam 10, and the area where the disk 61 is located is compressed more than other areas. Therefore, between the disks 61, the waterproof sheet 60 and the laminate 1 enter the gap S between the disks 61, 61, and the waterproof sheet 60 protrudes upward at the location where the disk 61 is provided, creating a step. Therefore, if the breaking tool 4 is inserted into the protruding part of the waterproof sheet during the separation process, there is a risk that the waterproof sheet 60 will be damaged by the breaking tool 4. However, by using the breaking tool 4 to tear only a portion of the waterproof sheet as shown in Figure 8, it is possible to prevent the waterproof sheet 60 from being damaged by the breaking tool 4.

[0071] [Mechanical fastening] The method for fixing structures according to the embodiment of the present invention may further include a step of mechanically fastening the first structure 2 and the second structure 3 together. In the mechanical fastening process, as shown in FIG. 9( a), when the second structure 3 is a flat plate and the first structure 2 is fixed to one surface of the flat plate, mechanical fastening is performed using a fastening member 50 such as a screw, a bolt, or a nail in combination with bonding the laminate 1. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 9( b), a clamp base 52 is placed on a part of the flat plate that is the second structure 3, and the laminate 1 is used to bond the first structure 2 to the upper surface of the clamp base 52. Then, a clamp 51 that can be fitted into the clamp base 52 is prepared, and the clamp base 52 and the clamp 51 are fitted together so as to sandwich the first structure 2 bonded to the upper surface of the clamp base 52. Thereafter, the mechanical fastening can be performed by fixing a fastening member 50 so as to pass through the clamp 51 and the clamp base 52. Mechanical fastening may be performed at locations where sufficient fixing strength is required between the first structure 2 and the second structure 3. For example, in FIG. 9(a), mechanical fastening may be performed only at both ends of the fixing locations between the first structure 2 and the second structure 3. By combining the adhesion of the laminate 1 with mechanical fastening using the fastening members 50, reworkability can be improved compared to fixation using mechanical fastening alone. In addition, the removability of the first structure 2 can be maintained. 9, the first structure 2 is assumed to be a flexible solar cell panel or the like, and therefore is bent to fit the shape of the press fitting base 52. However, the first structure 2 may not be flexible and may be mechanically fastened. In that case, the first structure 2 may be fastened with the fastening member 50 without being bent. 9, the second structure 3 is shown as a flat plate, but the second structure 3 may also be a corrugated plate. When the second structure 3 is a corrugated plate, a clamp base 52 is placed on the top of the corrugated plate, and the first structure 2 is bonded to the upper surface of the clamp base 52 using the laminate 1. Then, a clamp 51 that can be fitted into the clamp base 52 is prepared, and the clamp base 52 and the clamp 51 are fitted together so as to sandwich the first structure 2 bonded to the upper surface of the clamp base 52. Thereafter, a fastening member 50 is fixed so as to pass through the clamp 51 and the clamp base 52, thereby performing mechanical fastening.

[0072] [Fixed structure of structure] In the structure for fixing a structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, a laminate 1 is disposed between a first structure 2 and a second structure 3, the laminate 1 comprising a foam layer 10 and adhesive layers 11, 12 laminated on at least one side of the foam layer 10 directly or via another layer, and the first structure 2 and the second structure 3 are fixed via the laminate 1. The foam layer 10 included in the laminate 1 of the structure for fixing a structure according to an embodiment of the present invention is rupturable between the first structure 2 and the second structure 3.

[0073] In the above embodiment, the laminate has been described with reference to an embodiment in which adhesive layers 11, 12 are provided on both sides, but one of the adhesive layers 11, 12 may be omitted. In that case, the laminate may be adhered to the first structure 2 or the second structure 3 by a means other than an adhesive layer, and may be adhered by, for example, fusion bonding or by an adhesive other than a pressure-sensitive adhesive. For example, if it is not necessary to peel the laminate 1 from the first structure 2 or the second structure 3, an adhesive means other than the adhesive layer can be used. [Explanation of symbols]

[0074] 1. Laminate 10 Foam layer 10a, 10b Broken foam layer 11,12 Adhesive layer 13,14 Supporters 2. First Structure 3 Second structure 4 Breaking tool 40 Fracture surface 40a Break point

Claims

1. A step of preparing a laminate including a foam layer and an adhesive layer laminated on at least one surface side of the foam layer directly or via another layer; disposing the laminate between a first structure and a second structure and fixing the first structure and the second structure via the laminate; The method for fixing structures, wherein the foam layer is breakable between the first structure and the second structure.

2. The method for fixing a structure according to claim 1 , wherein the laminate comprises the adhesive layer laminated on both sides of the foam layer directly or via another layer.

3. The method for fixing a structure according to claim 1 , wherein the laminate comprises a support layer between the foam layer and the adhesive layer.

4. The method for fixing a structure according to claim 3 , wherein the support layer has a tensile breaking strength greater than the tensile breaking strength of the foam layer.

5. The method for fixing a structure according to claim 1 , wherein the foam layer has closed cells.

6. The method for fixing structures according to claim 1 , wherein the laminate disposed between the first structure and the second structure has scattered portions with weak adhesive strength in the longitudinal direction.

7. The method for fixing structures according to claim 1 , wherein a plurality of the laminates are disposed between the first structure and the second structure.

8. The method for fixing a structure according to claim 1 , wherein the resin constituting the foam layer includes at least one resin selected from the group consisting of polyolefin-based resins, urethane-based resins, acrylic-based resins, and elastomer-based resins.

9. The method for fastening structures according to claim 1 , further comprising the step of mechanically fastening the first structure and the second structure together.

10. The method for fixing a structure according to claim 1 , wherein the first structure is flexible.

11. 2. The method for fastening a structure according to claim 1, wherein the first structure is a building material.

12. The method for fixing a structure according to claim 1 , wherein the first structure is a solar panel.

13. A step of preparing a laminate including a foam layer and an adhesive layer laminated on at least one surface side of the foam layer directly or via another layer; a step of placing the laminate between a first structure and a second structure and fixing the first structure and the second structure via the laminate; A method for attaching and detaching structures, comprising the step of rupturing the foam layer between the first structure and the second structure, and separating the first structure from the second structure.

14. 14. The method for attaching and detaching structures according to claim 13, wherein in the step of separating the first structure and the second structure, a fracture origin is formed in the foam layer, and forces are applied to the fracture origin in at least two opposite directions in a thickness direction of the foam layer, thereby splitting the foam layer in a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction.

15. a laminate including a foam layer and adhesive layers laminated on at least one side of the foam layer directly or via another layer is disposed between the first structure and the second structure; the first structure and the second structure are fixed via the laminate; A structure fixing structure, wherein the foam layer is breakable between the first structure and the second structure.

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