Heat recovery air handling unit

Abstract

The Company provides a heat recovery air handling unit. The system includes an inner module (2), an outer module (4), a central module (3) with a plate-type recuperator (5), fans (11, 26), an exhaust duct inlet chamber (6), an exhaust duct outlet chamber (7), an intake duct inlet chamber (8), an intake duct outlet chamber (9), and a partition (10) between the exhaust duct inlet and outlet chambers. A counterflow or crossflow type recuperator is used as the plate-type recuperator, and the fans generate airflows in opposite directions. One fan can be located in the intake duct inlet chamber and the other in the exhaust duct outlet chamber, or one fan can be located in the exhaust duct inlet chamber and the other in the intake duct outlet chamber, or one fan can be located in the exhaust duct inlet chamber and the other in the intake duct inlet chamber, or one fan can be located in the intake duct inlet chamber and the other in the intake duct inlet chamber, or one fan can be located in the intake duct outlet chamber and the other in the exhaust duct outlet chamber, ensuring high heat exchange efficiency and high air exchange performance. The unit also includes a condensation water removal system and can be installed and used in residential and special purpose facilities.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to ventilation systems, and in particular to heat recovery air handling units, which can be installed and used in residential and special purpose facilities. [Background technology]

[0002] The prior art discloses a variety of technical solutions, shapes and structures designed for natural ventilation of both residential and commercial buildings.

[0003] The search for optimal ventilation solutions is driven by the goal of designing buildings to maximize their energy efficiency. However, increasing a building's energy efficiency factor proportionally reduces the natural self-regulation of indoor climate. In other words, the use of central heating, the operation of numerous household appliances, and other modern technological factors leads to significant drying of the indoor air in such buildings. This, in turn, creates favorable conditions for the development of allergic diseases and respiratory complications or diseases.

[0004] In the spring and summer, energy-efficient buildings do not remove much excess moisture because natural air circulation within the facility is hindered, thus creating favorable conditions for the growth of mold and harmful microorganisms.

[0005] The above has been known for some time. Therefore, in many developed countries, medical institutions are encouraged to frequently ventilate their facilities. Most countries have regulations in place that govern air exchange systems.

[0006] Ventilation is primarily achieved by opening windows to allow natural air circulation within the facility. However, ventilation performed exclusively through window openings creates many inconveniences. In particular, during winter, open windows significantly cool the space due to their surface area, while in summer they cause excessive temperature increases. Consequently, this results in significant energy consumption in order to maintain acceptable and comfortable working and living conditions. Therefore, continuous efforts are being made to develop and strengthen ventilation systems.

[0007] Known heat recovery air handling units (Patent Documents 1, F24F7 / 00, and F28F13 / 14, dated January 27, 2021) include a recuperator, which includes an air duct, a fan, and a heat exchanger attached to a room wall and interconnected between its exterior and interior surfaces. Two concentric straight cylinders are installed between the room's exterior and interior surfaces, with a corrugated heat exchanger with an Ω-shaped cross section fixed to the exterior surface of the inner cylinder. Furthermore, an external fan and an internal fan are installed on the interior surface of the cylinder, facing in opposite directions. The unit's openings are provided with corresponding external and internal covers, and the internal cover includes a supply air grill and an internal air outlet slot with an air diffuser. The external cover also includes a condensation drain opening extending beyond the surface of the exterior wall, an air intake grill, and a corresponding grill for exhausting internal air.

[0008] The drawback of such heat recovery air handling units is their low heat exchange efficiency. As the air passes along the heat exchange surface of the corrugated heat exchanger, the presence of notches in the heat exchanger grooves reduces the heat exchange area. This results in an uneven air flow within the unit, resulting in a reduced level of air exchange performance.

[0009] A further drawback is the lack of wind load resistance: the outer module is open and therefore does not provide wind protection for the exhaust duct, putting the unit at risk of freezing when temperatures drop below freezing.

[0010] The structural design makes it impossible to install a full-scale heating and filtering element, and the power supply unit is located in the room module, so there is no additional heating for the recuperator. The heat exchanger design can cause excessive condensation, which can lead to the unit freezing.

[0011] Known heat recovery air handling units (Patent Documents 2, F24F12 / 00, F24F7 / 08, F28D21 / 00, and F28F9 / 02, dated August 21, 2024) are designed for installation on the exterior walls of buildings. The units include an inner module and an adjacent heat exchange module, which consists of a cylindrical corrugated heat exchanger with multiple heat exchange air channels arranged along the heat exchanger's axis of symmetry. The air channels have identical cross sections and are adjacent to each other to form a continuous corrugated volume of heat exchange segments. First and second separators are provided to separate and direct exhaust and supply air flows in opposite directions within the heat exchange air duct. The first and second separators are attached to both end faces of the heat exchanger and are aligned along the heat exchanger's axis of symmetry. A first fan and a second fan are mounted at the ends of the separators away from the heat exchanger, with their housings adjacent the first and second separators, respectively, and the axis of one fan is parallel to, but not coaxial with, the axis of the other fan.

[0012] Disadvantages of heat recovery air handling units include low levels of air heat exchange efficiency, poor air exchange performance, heat exchanger designs that create excessive condensation, and insufficient effective condensation removal from the unit, which can lead to the unit freezing during cold seasons.

[0013] The closest analogue, a known heat recovery air handling unit [Non-Patent Document 1], comprises an inner module, an outer module, and a central module, which houses the recuperator and fan.

[0014] The drawbacks of its closest analogues are: - The central module has a complex design, which makes the unit difficult to maintain and operate, and the fans are not integrated into the fan module. - There is no condensation water removal system, such as a condensation water collection tank, a pump to remove condensation water outside the unit, or a drain channel for condensation water discharge, which can lead to excessive accumulation of condensation water and the possibility of freezing in countries with cold climates. - The inlet chamber of the air intake duct does not have a heating element to preheat the air required to prevent condensation. - No heating element in the outlet chamber of the intake duct to reheat the air used in cold climate countries to ensure a comfortable intake air temperature. - No filters, resulting in dirty air and insects entering the unit and facility. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0015] [Patent Document 1] Patent UA No. 146223 [Patent Document 2] Patent application no. EP4417886A1 [Non-patent literature]

[0016] [Non-Patent Document 1] https: / / www.dimplex.eu / de-de / decentralized-domestic-ventilation-unit-dl-50-wa2#372710 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0017] The object of the present invention is to provide a heat recovery air handling unit, - A high level of air heat exchange efficiency is achieved by installing a counter-flow or cross-flow plate recuperator in the central module, - The structural arrangement of the fans ensures a high level of air exchange performance, - partitions are placed in the central module between the inlet and outlet chambers of the exhaust and intake air ducts, preventing mixing of the air flows; - Maximum efficient heat transfer from the heater is achieved by fully integrating the heater into both the inlet and outlet chambers of the intake air duct, - a condensation water removal system, i.e. a condensation water collection tank and a channel for discharging condensation water outside the unit, or a channel for discharging condensation water outside the unit, or a pump for discharging condensation water outside the unit, or a pump and a channel for discharging condensation water outside the unit, or an evaporator, to prevent excessive accumulation of condensation water in cold climates and subsequent freezing of the unit; - To create a heat recovery air handling unit in which the presence of a filter prevents the entry of dirty air and insects into the unit and indoor space. [Means for solving the problem]

[0018] The above-mentioned object is achieved as follows: A heat recovery air handling unit includes an inner module, an outer module, a central module having a plate-type recuperator, a fan, an inlet chamber of an exhaust air duct, an outlet chamber of the exhaust air duct, an inlet chamber of an intake air duct, an outlet chamber of the intake air duct, and partitions between the inlet and outlet chambers of the exhaust air duct and the intake air duct, wherein a counterflow or crossflow type recuperator is used as the plate-type recuperator, and the fan generates airflows in opposite directions. One fan is positioned in the inlet chamber of the intake air duct and the other fan is positioned in the outlet chamber of the exhaust air duct, or one fan is positioned in the inlet chamber of the exhaust air duct and the other in the outlet chamber of the intake air duct, or one fan is positioned in the inlet chamber of the exhaust air duct and the other in the inlet chamber of the intake air duct, or one fan is positioned in the outlet chamber of the intake air duct and the other in the outlet chamber of the exhaust air duct, and includes a condensation water removal system.

[0019] In one embodiment that addresses the above-mentioned challenges, fans in a heat recovery air handling unit can be combined into fan modules.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment for solving the above-mentioned problems, a heat recovery air handling unit features an inlet chamber of an intake duct that houses a heater for preheating the air.

[0021] Another embodiment for solving the above-mentioned problem is characterized in that the heat recovery air handling unit has an outlet chamber of the intake duct that houses a heater for post-heating the air.

[0022] The above-mentioned problems are also solved by having the fan of the heat recovery air handling unit have a mechanical damper and / or a gravity valve.

[0023] According to another embodiment of the solution to the above problem, in a heat recovery air handling unit the housing of the central module has an external insulating shell.

[0024] The above-mentioned problems are also solved by the heat recovery air handling unit having a condensation water removal system that includes a condensation water collection tank and a channel for discharging condensation water outside the unit.

[0025] The above-mentioned problems are also solved by the heat recovery air handling unit having a condensation removal system that includes a channel for discharging condensation water outside the unit.

[0026] The above-mentioned problems are further solved by the heat recovery air handling unit having a condensation removal system that includes a pump for expelling condensation water outside the unit.

[0027] Another embodiment of the solution to the above problem consists in that the condensation removal system in a heat recovery air handling unit comprises a pump and an exhaust channel for discharging the condensation water outside the unit.

[0028] Yet another embodiment of the solution to the above problem is that the heat recovery air handling unit has a condensation water removal system that includes a condensation water collection tank with an ultrasonic evaporator.

[0029] One embodiment of the solution to the above problem is that the heat recovery air handling unit has filters mounted in the inlet chamber of the exhaust duct and in the inlet chamber of the intake duct.

[0030] Another solution to the above problem is that the inner module of the heat recovery air handling unit has an inner damper and / or an inner intake grill and an inner exhaust grill, and the outer module has an outer intake grill and an outer exhaust grill.

[0031] Yet another embodiment of the solution to the above problem is that the outer module of the heat recovery air handling unit has an outer damper and / or an outer intake grill and an outer exhaust grill, and the inner module has an inner intake grill and an inner exhaust grill.

[0032] The above-mentioned problem is also solved in that in the heat recovery air handling unit one and / or the other fan is positioned at an angle to the conditional axis of symmetry of the unit.

[0033] The proposed heat recovery air handling unit: - a counter-flow or cross-flow plate recuperator in the central module to improve the air heat exchange efficiency of the unit; - two fans in a central module positioned at the inlet chamber of the intake duct and the outlet chamber of the exhaust duct, or at the inlet chamber of the exhaust duct and the outlet chamber of the intake duct, or at the inlet chamber of the exhaust duct and the inlet chamber of the intake duct, or at the outlet chamber of the intake duct and the outlet chamber of the exhaust duct, contributing to high air exchange performance; - optimal placement of the heater in the inlet chamber of the intake duct and in the outlet chamber of the intake duct, ensuring maximum efficient heat transfer from the heater; - A condensation removal system to prevent excessive condensation buildup in cold climates and subsequent icing of the unit; - Filters and air filters to prevent contaminated air and insects from entering the unit and facility. It differs from its closest analogues by being characterized by:

[0034] The use of the proposed invention results in the creation of a heat recovery air handling unit that ensures high heat exchange efficiency and high air exchange performance.

[0035] The essence of the invention is illustrated by the drawings. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0036] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is an overall view of a heat recovery air handling unit. [Figure 2] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a heat recovery air handling unit with fans positioned in parallel in the inlet chamber of the intake duct and the outlet chamber of the exhaust duct. [Figure 3] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a heat recovery air handling unit with fans positioned in parallel in the inlet chamber of the exhaust duct and the outlet chamber of the intake duct. [Figure 4] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a heat recovery air handling unit with fans located in the inlet chamber of the exhaust duct and the inlet chamber of the intake duct. [Figure 5] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a heat recovery air handling unit with fans located in the outlet chamber of the intake duct and the outlet chamber of the exhaust duct. [Figure 6] 1 is a schematic diagram of the movement of hot and cold air. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0037] The following positions are marked in Figures 1 to 6: 1-Heat recovery air handling unit 2-inner module 3-Central Module 4-Outer module 5-plate heat exchanger 6- exhaust duct inlet chamber 7-Exhaust duct outlet chamber 8-Inlet chamber of intake duct 9 - Intake duct outlet chamber 10-Partition 11, 26-fan 12-Mechanical Damper 13-Gravity valve 14-Preheating element 15-Postheat element 16-Filter 17-External insulation shell 18-Condensation water drainage channel 19-Condensation water collection tank 20-Fan Module 21-Inner intake grill 22-Inner exhaust grill 23-Inner Damper 24-Outer Intake Grille 25-Outer Exhaust Grille 27-Ultrasonic Evaporator 28-Condensation water discharge pump 29-Outer damper

[0038] The heat recovery air handling unit (1) consists of an inner module (2), a central module (3), and an outer module (4). The central module (3) is surrounded by an external insulating shell (17), which is used to reduce heat transfer to the surrounding structure (walls) and improve the noise characteristics of the unit (see Figure 1).

[0039] In the heat recovery air handling unit (1), two fans (11) (26) can be combined into a fan module (20). The fans (11) (26) of the heat recovery air handling unit (1) are equipped with mechanical dampers (12) and / or gravity valves (13).

[0040] The heat recovery air handling unit (1) includes a condensation water removal system (18) comprising a condensation water collection tank (19) and an exhaust channel (18) for discharging condensation water out of the unit (1), or an exhaust channel (18) for discharging condensation water out of the unit (1), or a pump (28) for discharging condensation water out of the unit (1), or a combination of the pump (28) and exhaust channel (18) for discharging condensation water out of the unit (1), or a condensation water collection tank (19) with an ultrasonic evaporator (27).

[0041] The inlet chamber (8) of the intake duct houses a heater (14) for preheating the air. This heater (14) is used to preheat the air to reduce condensation. The outlet chamber (9) of the intake duct houses a heater (15) for postheating the air. The postheat element (15) is used in countries with cold climates to ensure a comfortable intake air temperature.

[0042] The central module (3) houses filters (16) in the inlet chambers (6) of the exhaust ducts and the intake ducts (8). These filters (16) are used to protect the counter-flow or cross-flow plate recuperators (5) and the radial fans (11) from contaminated air and insects entering them and the facility. The filters (16) can be treated with an antibacterial agent.

[0043] The inner module (2) has an inner damper (23) and / or an inner intake grill (21) and an inner exhaust grill (22), and the outer module (4) has an outer intake grill (24) and an outer exhaust grill (25).

[0044] The outer module (4) has an outer damper (29) and / or an outer intake grill (24) and an outer exhaust grill (25), and the inner module (2) has an inner intake grill (21) and an inner exhaust grill (22).

[0045] The plate recuperator (5) is a heat exchanger pack (not shown) consisting of a certain number of thin molded plates (not shown) arranged parallel to each other to form a unitary pack with separated sealed channels for moving two streams of air in opposite directions.

[0046] 2 to 6, the movement of hot (dashed lines) and cold (solid lines) air through a heat recovery air handling unit (1) is shown schematically.

[0047] The heat recovery air handling unit (1) operates as follows: After the heat recovery air handling unit is powered on, the exhaust and intake fans (11) (26) are activated to begin air exchange within the unit. Spent warm air from the space enters the inner module (2), flows through the exhaust duct inlet chamber (6), and enters the plate recuperator (5), where it heats the plate recuperator (5). Upon leaving the plate recuperator (5), the air enters the exhaust duct outlet chamber (7), where the exhaust fan (26) is located. The air then passes through the outer module (4) and is discharged outside through the exhaust grille (21).

[0048] Simultaneously with the movement of warm air, cool fresh air is supplied. Cold air from outside enters the outer module (4) through the supply grille (21), passes through the inlet chamber (8) of the intake duct where the intake fan (11) is located, and enters the plate heat exchanger (5). The cold air entering the plate recuperator (5) is heated in the process.

[0049] As the air leaves the plate recuperator (5), the fresh but preheated air passes through the outlet chamber (9) of the intake duct and then moves through the inner module (2) and enters the facility.

[0050] To prevent the airflow from mixing, partitions (10) are placed between the inlet chamber (8) of the intake duct and the outlet chamber (7) of the exhaust duct, as well as between the inlet chamber (6) of the exhaust duct and the outlet chamber (9) of the intake duct. Operation of the heat recovery air handling unit results in heat exchange between the hot and cold air, but the airflow does not mix.

[0051] Figure 2 shows a schematic representation of a heat recovery air handling unit (1) with parallel arrangement of fans (11) (26) located in the inlet chamber (8) of the intake duct and in the outlet chamber (7) of the exhaust duct. Figures 3 to 5 show other possible arrangements for the placement of fans (11) (26) in which the heat exchange process operates according to the same principle.

[0052] The presented examples serve only as illustrations and do not limit the possible implementations of the invention.

[0053] Operation of the heat recovery air handling unit (1) is performed using a keypad on the side panel of the unit, via an infrared remote control, and through a mobile application over a wireless Wi-Fi network (not shown and not within the scope of the utility model claims).

[0054] The heat recovery air handling unit (1) is designed so that the inner and central modules can be easily disconnected from the ventilation duct (not shown), which simplifies maintenance during repairs or preventative maintenance.

Claims

1. A heat recovery air handling unit (1) comprising an inner module (2), an outer module (4), a central module (3) having a plate-type recuperator (5), a fan (11) (26), an inlet chamber (6) of an exhaust duct, an outlet chamber (7) of the exhaust duct, an inlet chamber (8) of an intake duct, an outlet chamber (9) of the intake duct, and a partition (10) between the inlet chamber and the outlet chamber of each of the exhaust duct and the intake duct, The plate-type recuperator (5) is a counterflow or crossflow type recuperator, and the fans (11) and (26) form air flows in opposite directions, with the fan (11) located in the inlet chamber (8) of the intake duct and the fan (26) located in the outlet chamber (7) of the exhaust duct, or the fan (26) located in the inlet chamber (6) of the exhaust duct and the fan (11) located in the outlet chamber (9) of the intake duct, or the fan (26) located in the inlet chamber (6) of the exhaust duct and the fan (11) located in the inlet chamber (8) of the intake duct, or the fan (11) located in the outlet chamber (9) of the intake duct and the fan (26) located in the outlet chamber (7) of the exhaust duct; A heat recovery air handling unit (1) further comprising a condensation water removal system.

2. 2. The heat recovery air handling unit of claim 1, wherein the fans (11) (26) are combined into a fan module (20).

3. 2. A heat recovery air handling unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the inlet chamber (8) of the air intake duct houses a heater (14) for preheating the air.

4. 2. A heat recovery air handling unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the outlet chamber (9) of the intake duct houses a heater (15) for afterheating the air.

5. 2. A heat recovery air handling unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the fans (11) (26) are equipped with mechanical dampers (12) and / or gravity valves (13).

6. 2. A heat recovery air handling unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing of the central module (3) has an external insulating shell (17).

7. 2. A heat recovery air handling unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the condensation water removal system comprises a tank (19) for collecting condensation water and a channel (18) for removing condensation water outside the unit (1).

8. 2. A heat recovery air handling unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the condensation removal system comprises a channel (18) for removing condensation water outside the unit (1).

9. 2. A heat recovery air handling unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the condensation removal system comprises a pump (28) for removing condensation water outside the unit (1).

10. 2. A heat recovery air handling unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the condensation water removal system comprises a pump (28) and a channel (18) for removing condensation water outside the unit (1).

11. 2. The heat recovery air handling unit of claim 1, wherein the condensation removal system comprises a container (19) for collecting condensation water having an ultrasonic evaporator (27).

12. 2. A heat recovery air handling unit according to claim 1, characterized in that filters (16) are installed in the inlet chamber (6) of the exhaust duct and in the inlet chamber (8) of the intake duct.

13. 2. A heat recovery air handling unit as described in claim 1, characterized in that the inner module (2) has an inner damper (23) and / or an inner intake grill (21) and an inner exhaust grill (22), and the outer module (4) has an outer intake grill (24) and an outer exhaust grill (25).

14. 2. A heat recovery air handling unit as described in claim 1, characterized in that the outer module (4) has an outer damper (29) and / or an outer intake grill (24) and an outer exhaust grill (25), and the inner module (2) has an inner intake grill (21) and an inner exhaust grill (22).

15. 2. Heat recovery air handling unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the fan (11) and / or the fan (26) are positioned at an angle to the conditional axis of symmetry of the unit (1).

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