Staircase structure and step fixing hardware

Abstract

To achieve that in a cantilevered staircase, the upper and lower treads are supported by tread fixing hardware, and each tread is fixed to the wall surface by two pieces of tread fixing hardware, thereby reducing the load on the tread fixing hardware and improving the structure.SOLUTION: There is provided a staircase structure 40 in which a butt end surface 23 of a tread 20 is fixed to a wall surface 35 and goes straight. A lower end portion 7 of a tread fixing hardware 15A is fixed to the wall surface 35, an intermediate portion 6 of the tread fixing hardware 15A is fixed to a riser surface 26 of a target tread 20A, and an upper end portion 5 of the tread fixing hardware 15A is fixed to the upper tread 20 of the target tread 20A. The lower end portion 7 of an other tread fixing hardware 15 located below the tread fixing hardware 15A is fixed to the wall surface 35. The intermediate portion 6 of the tread fixing metal fitting 15 is fixed to the tread 20 positioned below, and the upper end portion 5 of the tread fixing metal fitting 15 is fixed to a lower surface 22 of the target tread 20A.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a staircase structure formed by attaching step plates arranged in steps to a vertical mounting surface such as a wall, and relates mainly to a cantilevered staircase structure and a step plate fixing hardware used in this staircase structure. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, when fixing staircase steps to a vertical supporting surface such as a wall, each step is fixed with one metal fitting (Patent Document 1). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 2006-132240 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] In conventional staircase structures, the steps were fixed to the wall with a single metal fitting, which made the metal fitting structure sturdy and large. This problem was not limited to straight staircases, but also occurred with curved staircases that change angle at mid-height when viewed from above, and so-called spiral staircases. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] However, this invention solves the above problem by fixing each step plate with two step plate fixing hardware.

[0006] In other words, the staircase structure of this invention is characterized in that the end faces of the step boards are fixed to an approximately vertical support member such as a wall, and the step boards are arranged in a stepped pattern to form a staircase, and is configured as follows. (1) One of the steps is a target step, and an upper step located directly above the target step is an upper step; (2) fixing one end of a step plate fixing hardware to the substantially vertical support member and fixing a middle portion of the step plate fixing hardware to the target step plate; (3) The other end of the step plate fixing hardware was fixed to the upper step plate.

[0007] Another staircase structure of the present invention is a staircase structure characterized in that the end faces of the step boards are fixed to a substantially vertical support member such as a wall, and the step boards are arranged in a stepped pattern to form a staircase, and configured as follows. (1) The step plate is a target step plate, a lower step plate located directly below the target step plate, and an upper step plate located directly above the target step plate, (2) The lower end of one step fixing hardware is fixed to the approximately vertical support member, the middle portion of the one step fixing hardware is fixed to the target step, and the upper end of the one step fixing hardware is fixed to the upper step. (3) The lower end of another step plate fixing hardware located below the one step plate fixing hardware was fixed to the approximately vertical support member, the middle part of the other step plate fixing hardware was fixed to the lower step plate, and the upper end of the other step plate fixing hardware was fixed to the target step plate.

[0008] Another staircase structure of the present invention is characterized in that the fixed end faces of the step boards are fixed to a vertical support member such as a wall, and the step boards are arranged in a stepped pattern to form a staircase, and are configured as follows. (1) The step has a substantially horizontal tread surface; A lower surface of the corresponding other side of the tread surface; A fixed end surface to be fixed to the substantially vertical member; A free end grain surface on the other side of the fixed end grain surface; A structure including a step nose surface and a riser surface on the other side opposite to the step nose surface, (2) For the steps located above and below, the nose surface of the upper step and the rise surface of the lower step Between The step board fixing hardware is placed, (3) The above-mentioned step plate Riser face or said stair nosing face A middle portion of one step plate fixing hardware is fixed to a middle position in the width direction of the step plate at the peripheral portion of the (4) Another step board fixing hardware is arranged near the free end of the step board fixing hardware of the step board, (5) The upper end of the other tread fixing hardware is fixed to the peripheral portion of the tread nose surface on the lower surface of the tread, (6) The lower end of the first step plate fixing hardware and the lower end of the other step plate fixing hardware were each fixed to the approximately vertical support member.

[0009] The staircase structure is configured as follows. (1) The middle part of the step fixing hardware is fixed to each step in the ascending direction of the stairs, and is fixed to the front end face of each step in the direction of advancement. (2) The upper end or the other end of the step plate fixing hardware is fixed to the underside of each step plate.

[0010] The step fixing hardware of the present invention is a hardware for fixing a step to a substantially vertical support member in a staircase shape, and the step is a target step and an upper step located above the target step. Consists of A staircase tread fixing hardware characterized by the following configuration. (1) The fixed metal base material is provided with an intermediate fixing means for fixing it to a target step plate at its intermediate portion, a lower end fixing means for fixing it to the approximately vertical support member at one end, and an upper end fixing means for fixing an upper step plate at the other end of the fixed metal base material.

[0011] The above-mentioned step fixing hardware is a step fixing hardware for stairs, characterized in that it is configured as follows. (1) The fixing metal base material is a plate-like material arranged at an angle, and a through hole for passing a screw is provided in the middle part to serve as an intermediate fixing means. (2) One end of the fixing metal base material is bent vertically to form a lower fixing plate, and a through hole for passing a screw is provided to form a lower end fixing means; (3) The other end of the fixing metal base material is bent vertically and fixed upward. board A through hole for passing a screw is provided as the upper end fixing means, (4) The lower fixing plate and the upper fixing plate are formed at a right angle.

[0012] In addition, the above-mentioned "step-like" includes straight stairs (straight stairs), bent stairs that bend in an L-shape or U-shape in plan view at the middle of the straight stairs, and so-called spiral stairs that have no straight portion. The term "approximately vertical member" as used above also includes members that are slightly inclined other than vertical, or slightly curved when viewed from above. Furthermore, the above-mentioned substantially vertical member generally refers to a substantially vertical wall of a building, but it can also be a side girder (stringer) if it has a certain degree of width (height). In the case of a spiral staircase, it may be a central support, or a cylindrical (cylinder or tube) panel, wall, or other member arranged around the spiral staircase. In short, as long as one end of the step fixing hardware is fixed and the cantilevered staircase is supported by a substantially vertical member, the structure of the substantially vertical member does not matter.

[0013] Therefore, in the above-mentioned straight staircase, the steps are arranged in a rectangular shape in plan view, and in the staircase with a bent section, the steps are arranged in a triangular, diamond, trapezoidal, pentagonal or other shape in plan view at the bent section, as in the past. In addition, in the spiral staircase, instead of the rectangular steps as in the past, triangular or trapezoidal steps are arranged. And, between the steps located above and below, a staircase fixing hardware is placed.

[0014] In other words, it is as follows: A staircase 20 is made up of a tread surface 21, a bottom surface 22 (the other side of the tread surface), a butt end surface 23 that is fixed to the wall surface, a butt end surface 24 at the free end, a nosing surface 25, and a riser surface 26 on the other side opposite the nosing surface 25. In this case, the staircases 20 positioned above and below will normally have the same width as the nosing surface 25 of the staircase 20 positioned above and the riser surface 26 of the staircase 20 positioned below. If the nosing surface 25 and the riser surface 26 of the staircase 20 are parallel to each other, the tread surface 21 will be rectangular, and using only such staircases will result in a straight staircase (Fig. 13(a), Figs. 2 to 5).

[0015] On the other hand, if the stair nosing surface 25 and the riser surface 26 are formed at an angle, the shapes of the butt end surface 23 and butt end surface 24 will be different, and the tread surface 21 will be a triangle, a diamond, a trapezoid, etc. When such staircases 20, 20 are used, a bent section can be formed (Fig. 13(b), Fig. 10). Also, a spiral staircase can be formed by using only staircases 20 in which the stair nosing surface 25 and the riser surface 26 are formed at an angle (Fig. 13(b), Fig. 11, Fig. 12).

[0016] In either case, a tread fixing hardware is disposed between the nosing surface 25 of the upper tread 20 and the riser surface 26 of the lower tread 20. The tread 20 is not limited to being made of wood, and may be made of any material. Effect of the Invention

[0017] In this invention, one step is fixed with two step fixing hardware at different positions, which reduces the burden on one step fixing hardware supporting one step and simplifies the structure of the step fixing hardware. Therefore, when wooden steps are used, it is possible to make the step fixing hardware less noticeable and to construct a staircase structure that makes the most of the features of the steps. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0018] [Figure 1] FIG. 1A is a schematic diagram of the front side of a staircase structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention; [Diagram 2] FIG. 1A is a perspective view of a staircase structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a perspective view of the staircase structure as viewed from diagonally above and from diagonally below. [Diagram 3] 1A is a plan view of a staircase structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1B is a left side view, FIG. 1C is a front view, and FIG. [Figure 4] FIG. 1A is a right side view of a staircase structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. [Diagram 5] FIG. 1 shows another staircase structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention, in which (a) is a front view and (b) is a right side view. [Figure 6]1A is a front view of a staircase hardware according to a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1B is a right side view, and FIG. [Figure 7] In the first embodiment of the present invention, (a) to (d) show right side views of another staircase hardware, which are roughly illustrated. [Figure 8] In the first embodiment of the present invention, (a) to (d) are also right side views that diagrammatically illustrate another staircase hardware of the present invention. [Figure 9] In the first embodiment of the present invention, (a) to (d) are right side views that also show another staircase hardware of the present invention. [Figure 10] FIG. 11 shows a staircase having a bent portion according to a second embodiment of the present invention, in which (a) is a plan view, (b) is a front view, and (c) is a right side view. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is a plan view of a spiral staircase according to a third embodiment of the present invention, with (a) being a plan view with the walls omitted, (b) being a cross-sectional view taken along line AA, (c) being a front view with the walls omitted, (d) being a right side view of the same, and (e) being a bottom view with the walls omitted. [Figure 12] FIG. 13 is a perspective view of the bottom front side of a staircase having a bent portion according to a third embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 13] FIG. 1 is a perspective view for explaining the outline of the present invention, in which (a) shows a straight portion and (b) shows a bending portion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0019] [A] First embodiment (straight stairs)

[0020] An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0021] 1. Structure of step board fixing hardware 15

[0022] (1) A strip-shaped (rectangular) fixing metal base material 1 made of steel (or an equivalent metal material, etc.) is arranged at an angle so that one surface 3 of the base material 1 is vertical, and the upper end 5 is folded at a horizontal folding line 5a to form a horizontal upper fixing plate 11, and multiple screw holes 11a, 11a are provided in the upper fixing plate 11. The lower end 7 is folded at a vertical folding line 7a to form a vertical lower fixing plate 13, and multiple screw holes 13a, 13a are provided in the lower fixing plate 13. A middle screw hole 12 is provided in the middle portion 6 of the fixing metal base material 1. The portion between the horizontal folding line 5a and the vertical folding line 7a is the plate-shaped main body portion 3. In this case, the plate-shaped main body portion 3 is an elongated parallelogram (Figure 6).

[0023] (2) In the manner described above, step plate fixing hardware 15 is constructed (FIG. 6). Since it is constructed in the manner described above, step plate fixing hardware 15 is formed such that plate-shaped main body 3 and upper fixing plate 11 are formed at right angles, plate-shaped main body 3 and lower fixing plate 13 are also formed at right angles, and further, upper fixing plate 11 and lower fixing plate 13 are also formed at right angles.

[0024] (3) In the above, screw holes 11a, 12, 13, etc. are provided. In this embodiment, they are screw holes for fastening to the wooden step 20 with screws. However, these may be appropriately changed depending on the means for fastening to the tread, such as nail holes, bolt holes, etc. (not shown). In essence, as described below, so long as the middle part 6 of the staircase fixing hardware 15 can be fixed to the target staircase 20A, the upper end part 5 of the staircase fixing hardware 15 can be fixed to the upper staircase 20B directly above, and the lower end part 7 of the staircase fixing hardware 15 can be fixed to the wall surface 35 to which the staircase is attached, the specific structure is not important.

[0025] 2. 20 treads to be used

[0026] The tread board 20 used in this embodiment is made of wood and has a horizontally long rectangular shape in plan view (i.e., the tread surface 21 and the underside 22 are horizontally long rectangular shapes), and includes the tread surface 21, the underside 22 (the other side of the tread surface), the butt end surface 23 fixed to the wall surface, the butt end surface 24 at the free end, the nosing surface 25, and the riser surface 26 on the other side opposite the nosing surface 25. In Fig. 1, when climbing the stairs in the direction of the arrow 42, the riser surface 26 is located in front of the direction of travel, and the nosing surface 25 is located behind the direction of travel (Figs. 1(a)(b), 6(a)(c)). Note that the tread board 20 is not limited to being made of wood, and any material may be used.

[0027] The treads 20 are arranged in a staircase pattern from the floor surface 31 to the floor surface 33 of the upper floor, and the end surface 23 of each tread 20 is fixed to the wall surface 35. Any structure for fixing to the wall surface 35 may be used, and for example, in Fig. 6, a wall fixing member 37 with an L-shaped cross section that abuts the end surface 23 and the end surface 23 side of the underside 22 is fixed to the wall surface 35 (Figs. 6(b)(c)). Any one of the treads 20 is designated as a target tread 20A, the tread 20 directly above the target tread 20A is designated as an upper tread 20B, and the tread 20 directly below is designated as a lower tread 20C.

[0028] 3. Position to apply the staircase structure 40

[0029] At the position where the staircase structure 40 is formed, a floor surface 31 of the reference floor, a floor surface 33 of the upper floor, and a wall surface 35 are formed between the floor surface 31 of the reference floor and the floor surface 33 of the upper floor (Figures 2 and 5).

[0030] 4. Overview of Staircase Structure 40

[0031] (1) Any one of the step boards 20 is designated as a target step board 20A, the step board 20 immediately above the target step board 20A is designated as an upper step board 20B, and the step board 20 immediately below the target step board 20A is designated as a lower step board 20C.

[0032] (2) First, the general structure will be explained based on Fig. 1. As shown in Fig. 1(a), the middle part 6 of the step plate fixing hardware 15 is abutted against the riser surface 26 of the target step plate 20A, the lower end 7 of the step plate fixing hardware 20A is abutted against the wall surface 35, and the upper end 5 of the step plate fixing hardware 15 is abutted against the underside of the upper step plate 20B. Then, the riser surface 26 of the target step plate 20A and the middle part 6 of the step plate fixing hardware 15 are fixed, the lower end 7 of the step plate fixing hardware 20A is fixed to the wall surface 35, and the upper end 5 of the step plate fixing hardware 15 is fixed to the underside 22 of the upper step plate 20B. In this way, the two target step plates 20A and the upper step plate 20B can be fixed to the wall surface 35 with one step plate fixing hardware 15 (Fig. 1(a)). In this case, In this case, the underside 22 of the target step board 20A can be fixed to the wall surface 35 by inserting an optional fixing hardware 18 (shown by a chain line in FIG. 1(a)) into the butt surface 23 on the wall surface 35 side.

[0033] (3) Further, the structure of Fig. 1(b) will be described. As in the case of Fig. 1(a), the step board fixing hardware 15 fixed to the riser surface 26 of the target step board 20A is called the step board fixing hardware 15A, and the middle part of the step board fixing hardware 15A is fixed to the riser surface 26 of the target step board 20A. 6 The lower end 7 of the step plate fixing hardware 15A is abutted against the wall surface 35 and fixed, and the upper end 5 of the step plate fixing hardware 15A is abutted against the underside 22 of the upper step plate 20B and fixed. The middle part 6 of the other step plate fixing hardware 15C is abutted against the riser surface 26 of the lower step plate 20C and fixed, and the lower end 7 of the step plate fixing hardware 15C is abutted against the wall surface 35 and fixed. In addition, the upper end 5 of the step plate fixing hardware 15C is abutted against the underside 22 of the target step plate 20A and fixed. Similarly, the step plate above the upper step plate 20B is designated as the upper-top step plate 20D, and similarly, the kick-in surface 26 of the upper step plate 20B is abutted and fixed against the middle portion 6 of the other step plate fixing hardware 15B, the lower end portion 7 of the step plate fixing hardware 15B is abutted and fixed against the wall surface 35, and the upper end portion 5 of the step plate fixing hardware 15B is abutted and fixed against the lower surface 22 of the upper-top step plate 20D.

[0034] (4) In this way, all of the step boards 20 have their riser surfaces 26 fixed to the middle parts 6 of the step board fixing hardware 15 whose lower ends 7 are fixed to the wall surface 35. Also, all of the step boards 20 have their lower surfaces 22 fixed to the upper ends 5 of other step board fixing hardware 15 whose lower ends 7 are fixed to the wall surface 35 (FIG. 1(b)). In this case, the lower end 7 of the step fixing hardware 15A, whose middle part 6 is fixed to the riser surface 26 of the target step 20A, is fixed to the wall surface 35, but in the vertical position, the lower end 7 is positioned above the tread surface 21 of the lower step 20C (Figure 1(b)).

[0035] (5) Thus, at least two tread plate fixing hardware 15, 15 are fixed to every tread plate 20, and at least two tread plates 20, 20 are fixed to every tread plate fixing hardware 15. In this state, every tread plate fixing hardware 15, 15 is fixed to the wall surface 35.

[0036] 5. Details of staircase structure 40

[0037] (1) An embodiment of the structure shown in FIG. 1(b) will be described in detail (FIGS. 2 to 5).

[0038] (2) At the riser surface 26 of the target step 20A, the middle portion 6 of a step fixing hardware 15, the lower end portion 7 of which is fixed to the wall surface 35, abuts at a position slightly closer to the wall surface 35 (in the stair width direction of the target step 20A). In addition, the upper end portion 5 of another step fixing hardware 15 abuts near the middle of the lower surface 22 of the target step 20A (in the stair width direction of the step 20A). Here, the lower ends 7 of the step plate fixing hardware 15, 15 are in close contact with the wall surface 35, and screws 38, 38 are driven into the screw holes 13a, 13a of the lower fixing plate 13, fixing the lower ends 7 of the step plate fixing hardware 15, 15 to the wall surface 35 (Figures 6(a)(b)(c)). Furthermore, in the target step board 20A, the middle part 6 of the step board fixing hardware 15 is in close contact with the riser surface 26 and a screw 38 is driven into the middle screw hole 12 of the step board fixing hardware 15, thereby fixing the middle part 6 of the step board fixing hardware 15 to the riser surface 26 in the target step board 20A (Figures 6(a)(b)(c)). In addition, in the target step board 20A, the upper fixing plate 11 of the upper end portion 5 of another step board fixing hardware 15 is adhered to the underside 22, and screws 38, 38 are driven into the screw holes 11a, 11a of the upper fixing plate 11 of the step board fixing hardware 15, fixing the upper end portion 5 of the step board fixing hardware 15 to the underside 22 of the target step board 20A (Figures 6(a)(b)(c)). In this manner, one target step board 20A is supported and fixed to the wall surface 35 by the two step board fixing metal fittings 15, 15 positioned above and below (FIGS. 2 to 4).

[0039] (3) In this way, similar to the target staircase 20A, all the staircases 20 are fixed to the wall surface 35 by the two staircase fixing hardware 15, 15 (FIG. 2). In this case, the riser surface 26 of the bottommost step board 20 is fixed by the step board fixing hardware 15, but the underside 22 is fixed to the floor surface 31 by a single fixing hardware 16 (Fig. 3). Note that in Fig. 3, the hardware 16 is shaped to fit the upper half of the plate-like main body part 3 of the step board fixing hardware 15, but since it is in a position that is difficult to see, the shape is arbitrary. Furthermore, since the riser surface 26 of the top step panel 20 is not fixed to the step panel fixing hardware 15, if necessary, any metal fitting such as an angle iron (L-shaped metal fitting) can be used to connect and fix the riser surface 26 or underside 22 of the step panel 20 to the floor recess 34 (or wall surface 35, etc.) of the upper floor (not shown; see Figures 2 and 5).

[0040] (4) In the manner described above, the staircase structure 40 is constructed (FIGS. 2 to 4). In the staircase structure 40 constructed in this manner, all of the tread fixing hardware 15, 15 are located near the riser surface 26 of the target tread 20A and the tread nosing surface 25 of the upper tread 20B in plan view. Therefore, when viewed from the underside 22 of the step 20 or from the riser surface 26 side (Figures 2(b), 3(b), and 4(a)), the step fixing hardware 15 is neatly exposed, presenting a visually stable structure that is integrated with the step 20, which has the effect of reassuring pedestrians.

[0041] (5) As with a normal cantilever staircase, a handrail 44 can be attached to the end surface 24 side of the step 20 (the side not fixed to the wall surface 35) of the staircase structure 40 (Fig. 5). In this case, the handrail 44 is omitted below the vicinity of the bottom step 20 in Fig. 5, but the handrail 44 can also be placed up to the floor surface 31 (not shown).

[0042] (6) In the staircase structure 40, each step 20 is fixed to the wall 35, but it can also be fixed to a so-called stringer (side girder) that has a long length in the height direction (not shown). Also, in the staircase structure 40, the butt 24 side of each step 20 (opposite the wall 35) is a free end, making it a cantilevered staircase structure, but it is also possible to provide a wall 35 or a side girder on the butt 24 side of each step 20 (not shown). In this case, the fixing structure to the wall 35 or side girder on the butt 24 side of each step 20 can be simplified.

[0043] 6. Other embodiments of the step board fixing hardware 15

[0044] (1) In the above embodiment, the fixed metal base material 1 (plate-shaped main body 3) is plate-shaped and formed as an elongated parallelogram, but it can also be formed as an elongated parallelogram bent convexly upward (FIG. 7(a)), or as an elongated parallelogram bent convexly downward (FIG. 7(b)). The fixed metal base material 1 (plate-shaped main body 3) can also be formed in a zigzag shape (lightning bolt shape) (FIG. 7(c)). The fixed metal base material 1 (plate-shaped main body 3) can also be L-shaped with two arms (FIG. 7(d)). In this case, the upper end 5 and the middle part 6 are formed as one arm (FIG. 7(d)), but the middle part 6 and the lower end 7 can also be one arm, or the middle part 6 can be arranged at a corner (not shown). In this case, each arm is parallel to or perpendicular to the wall surface 35 (FIG. 7(d)), but it can also be arranged diagonally (not shown).

[0045] (2) In addition, in the above embodiment, the fixing hardware base material 1 is in the form of a single elongated strip of plate, but the step plate fixing hardware 15 can also be formed from two or more plate-shaped fixing hardware base materials 1, 1 (the plate-shaped main body portion 3 is in the form of an elongated parallelogram) (Figure 8(b)). The fixing hardware base material 1 can also be formed from a pipe (Figure 8(b)). Similarly, it can also be formed from other steel sections (L-shaped cross section, groove-shaped, etc.) (not shown).

[0046] (3) In the above embodiment, the stair fixing hardware 15 is formed in a shape that allows its upper end 5 to be fixed to the underside 22 of the stair board 20 at the middle position in the stair width direction, and its intermediate portion 6 to be positioned closer to the wall surface 35 in the stair width direction of the riser surface 26 of the stair board 20, but other shapes are also possible. For example, the stair fixing hardware 15 can be configured in a shape that allows its upper end 5 to be fixed to the underside 22 of the stair board 20 on the end grain 24 side in the stair width direction, and its intermediate portion 6 to be positioned at the middle position in the stair width direction (Fig. 8(c)).

[0047] (4) In the above embodiment, the step plate fixing hardware 15 is formed by bending the upper end 5 of the plate-shaped fixing hardware base material 1 at the folding line 5a and the lower end 7 at the folding line 7a to form the upper fixing plate 11 and the lower fixing plate 13. The upper fixing plate 11 and the lower fixing plate 13 are about the width of the fixing hardware base material 1, but the upper fixing plate 11 and the lower fixing plate 13 can be formed by connecting other members to the plate-shaped main body 3 by welding or the like. For example, the upper fixing plate 11 in a shape from the upper end 5 of the step plate fixing hardware 15 to the wall surface 35, and the lower fixing plate 13 in a shape from the lower end 7 of the step plate fixing hardware 15 to the lower surface 22 of the step plate 20 to which the upper end is fixed can be formed (FIG. 8(d)). In this case, the end of the upper fixing plate 11 on the wall surface 35 side and the end of the lower fixing plate 13 on the lower surface 22 side of the step plate 20 can be connected (FIG. 8(d)).

[0048] (5) In the above embodiment, the step plate fixing hardware 15 may have any shape as long as it can be fixed to the riser surface 26 of the target step plate 20A and the underside 22 of the upper step plate 20B, and also to the wall surface 35. For example, the fixing hardware base material 1 (plate-shaped main body portion 3) of the step plate fixing hardware 15 may be configured to have a right-angled triangular shape consisting of two sides 46, 46 that sandwich a right angle and a hypotenuse 46a, so as to include a flat fixing hardware base material 1 (FIG. 6) (FIG. 9(a)). In this case, the two sides 46, 46 that sandwich the right angle of the right-angled triangle are in close contact with the underside 22 of the upper step plate 20B and the wall surface 35 (FIG. 9(a)).

[0049] (6) In addition, the fixing hardware base material 1 (plate-shaped main body portion 3) of the step plate fixing hardware 15 can also be configured in a right-angled triangular shape with the hypotenuse 46a curved and concave so as to approach a right angle (Figure 9(b)). In addition, the fixing hardware base material 1 (plate-shaped main body portion 3) of the step plate fixing hardware 15 can also be configured in a right-angled triangular shape with the hypotenuse 46a curved so as to bulge convexly away from the right angle (Figure 9(c)). In addition, the fixing hardware base material 1 (plate-shaped main body portion 3) of the step plate fixing hardware 15 can be configured to have a right-angled triangular shape with an opening 47 formed in the center (FIG. 9(d)). In these cases, it is preferable that the upper fixed piece 11 and the lower fixed piece 12 have a structure as shown in Fig. 8(d). That is, the upper fixed piece 11 and the lower fixed piece 12 are formed to the full length of two sides 46, 46 that sandwich the right angle of a right triangle (not shown).

[0050] [B] Second embodiment (bent staircase)

[0051] In this embodiment, a staircase structure 40 will be described in which the direction of travel is bent in an L-shape by 90° in the middle of a straight staircase in plan view.

[0052] 1. Structure of step board fixing hardware 15

[0053] (1) The step fixing hardware 15 has a structure similar to that of the first embodiment, and although its shape is changed depending on the relative positions of the target step 20A, the upper step 20B, and the wall surface 35, it has an upper end 5 fixed to the upper step 20B, a middle portion 6 fixed to the target step 20A, and a lower end 7 fixed to the wall surface 35 (Figures 1 and 6).

[0054] (2) A horizontal upper fixing plate 11 is formed at the upper end portion 5, and a plurality of screw holes 11a, 11a are provided in the upper fixing plate 11. A vertical lower fixing plate 13 is formed at the lower end portion 7, and a plurality of screw holes 13a, 13a are provided in the lower fixing plate 13. A middle portion screw hole 12 is provided in the middle portion 6 (Figs. 1 and 6).

[0055] 2. Overview of staircase structure 40 and staircase 20 including bent portion

[0056] (1) The walls 35a and 35b that define the staircase structure 40 are arranged to intersect at a right angle (FIG. 10(a)).

[0057] (2) The stairs begin from floor 31 and consist of a lower straight section 40a (1 to 3 steps (3 panels)) attached to wall 35, a bent section 40b (4 to 7 steps (3 panels)) that bends 90 degrees from lower straight section 40a, and an upper straight section 40c (7 to 13 steps (7 panels)) that continues from bent section 40b and is fixed to wall 35a.

[0058] (3) Therefore, the structures of the lower straight portion 40a and the upper straight portion 40c are the same as those of the first embodiment, and the step plate 20 has a horizontally long rectangular shape in a plan view. At bent section 40b, the direction of travel is changed by 90° between three treads, so that, with the inner circumference (the end surface on the free end side) as the center, there is a triangular tread X (fourth tread) at an angle of 30° from the center, a deformed diamond tread Y (fifth tread) also at an angle of 30°, and a triangular tread 20Z (fourth tread) also at an angle of 30° from the center (Figure 10(a)). Therefore, the structure extends from the horizontally long rectangular step plate 20 of the lower straight portion 40a to the step plate 20X of the bent portion 40b, and from the step plate 20Z of the bent portion 40b to the horizontally long rectangular step plate 20 of the upper straight portion 40c.

[0059] 3. Step 20 used in bending portion 40b

[0060] (1) The straight portions (lower straight portion 40a, upper straight portion 40c) are horizontally elongated rectangular in plan view (the tread surface 21 and underside 22 are horizontally elongated rectangular), the same as in the first embodiment, and are provided with the tread surface 21, the underside 22 (the other side corresponding to the tread surface), a butt end surface 23 for fixing to the wall surface, a butt end surface 24 at the free end, a stair nosing surface 25, and a riser surface 26 on the other opposite side of the stair nosing surface 25.

[0061] (2) As in the first embodiment, in the 1st to 3rd rows (3 pieces) of the lower straight portion 40a, the end surface 23 is fixed to the wall surface 35 by the wall fixing members 37. In addition, in the 7th to 13th rows (7 pieces) of the upper straight portion 40c, the end surface 23 is fixed to the wall surface 35a by the wall fixing members 37.

[0062] (3) In the bent portion 40b, the fourth tread board 20X is a roughly triangular shape in plan view (a right-angled triangle; the tread surface 21 and the underside surface 22 are roughly triangular), with the butt surface 23 fixed to the wall surface 35 by the wall fixing member 37, and the butt surface 24 at the free end being an extremely small surface. In addition, the stair nosing surface 25 has the same width as the riser surface 26 of the tread board 20 (third tread board) in the lower straight portion 40a.

[0063] (4) Furthermore, step board 20Z on the 6th step is an approximately triangular shape in plan view (a right-angled triangle, with tread surface 21 and underside 22 being approximately triangular) that is an inverted version of step board 20X, with butt surface 23 fixed to wall surface 35a by wall fixing member 37 and butt surface 24 at the free end being an extremely small surface. Also, riser surface 26 has the same width as tread surface 25 of step board 20 (7th step) in the upper straight portion.

[0064] (5) The fifth tread board 20Y is a deformed rhombus in plan view (the tread surface 21 and the underside 22 are deformed rhombus), and the butt end surface 23 consists of two faces that intersect at a right angle (the tread surface 21 and the underside 22 have a right angle in plan view), one face is fixed to the wall surface 35 by the wall fixing member 37, and the other face is fixed to the wall surface 35a by the wall fixing member 37. The butt end surface 24 at the free end is an extremely small surface. The stair nosing surface 25 is formed identically to the riser surface 26 of the stair board 20X, and the riser surface 26 is formed identically to the stair nosing surface 25 of the stair board 20Z. In addition, in the step boards 20X to 20Z, the butt end surface 24 at the free end is an extremely small surface, and the step nosing surface 25 and the riser surface 26 intersect with each other.

[0065] 4. Staircase structure with curved stairs 40

[0066] (1) In the staircase structure 40, similar to the first embodiment, regardless of whether it is a lower straight section, an upper straight section, or a curved section, the steps 20, 20X, 20Y, and 20Z are fixed to the wall surfaces 35, 35a by the step fixing hardware 15. As in the first embodiment, there is a target step 20A, an upper step 20B directly above it, and a lower step 20C directly below it. That is, the middle part 6 of the tread board fixing hardware 15 is placed against the tread nosing surface 25 of the target tread board 20A at a position close to the butt end surface 23 (wall surface 35, 35a side), and screws are driven into the screw holes 12, 12 to fix the target tread board 20A and the tread board fixing hardware 15. Similarly, the upper end part 5 of the tread board fixing hardware 15 is placed against the lower surface 22 of the upper tread board 20B near the center, and screws are driven into the screw holes 11a, 11a of the upper end part to fix the upper tread board 20B and the tread board fixing hardware 15. Furthermore, the lower end part of the tread board fixing hardware 15 is placed against the wall surface 35, 35a, and screws are driven into the screw holes 13a, 13a to fix the tread board fixing hardware 15 to the wall surface 35, 35a (Figs. 1 and 6).

[0067] (2) Similarly, for the lower stair board 20B directly below the target stair board 20A, the middle portion 6 of the stair board fixing hardware 15 is fixed at a position on the stair nosing surface 25 of the target stair board 20B, close to the butt end surface 23 (the wall surface 35, 35a side). Similarly, the upper end portion 5 of the stair board fixing hardware 15 is fixed near the center of the lower surface 22 of the target stair board 20A. Similarly, the lower end portion 7 of the stair board fixing hardware 15 is fixed to the wall surface 35, 35a. In other words, the steps 20, 20X, 20Y, and 20Z are adjacent to each other in the vertical direction, becoming the upper staircase 20B, the target step 20A, and the lower step 20B, and all of the steps 20, 20X, 20Y, and 20Z are fixed to the wall surfaces 25, 35a by step fixing hardware 15, 15 (Figures 1 and 6). Additionally, the lower surface 22 of the bottom step 20 is fixed to the floor surface 31 by a single fixing hardware 16, as in the first embodiment.

[0068] (3) In this manner, the staircase structure 40 is constructed (FIGS. 9(a)(b)(c)).

[0069] 5. Other embodiments

[0070] (1) In the above, the configuration of the step plate fixing hardware 15 is the same as that in the first embodiment.

[0071] (2) In the above description, three step plates 20X to 20Z are used in the bent portion when the bent portion bends by 90 degrees, but any number of step plates, such as two or four or more, may be used (not shown).

[0072] (3) In addition, in the above, the step panel 20Y of the middle step of the bent portion formed by three steps is diamond-shaped and connected to both of the walls 35a, 35b which intersect at right angles, so that the staircase can be simplified, but it can also be formed into other planar shapes (not shown).

[0073] [C] Third embodiment (circular staircase)

[0074] This embodiment will be described as an embodiment of a spiral staircase. In this embodiment, the entire structure is made up of the bent portion of the third embodiment, and there is no straight portion.

[0075] 1. Structure of step board fixing hardware 15

[0076] (1) It has the same structure as that used for the bent portion in the second embodiment. That is, the step fixing hardware 15 has an upper end 5 fixed to the upper step 20B, a middle part 6 fixed to the target step 20A, and a lower end 7 fixed to the wall surface 35. A horizontal upper fixing plate 11 is formed at the upper end portion 5, and a plurality of screw holes 11a, 11a are provided in the upper fixing plate 11. A vertical lower fixing plate 13 is formed at the lower end portion 7, and a plurality of screw holes 13a, 13a are provided in the lower fixing plate 13. A middle portion screw hole 12 is provided in the middle portion 6.

[0077] (2) Here, the step fixing hardware used is the same as the structure used for the step plates 20X, 20Y, and 20Z at the bent portions in the second embodiment.

[0078] 2. Overview of the staircase structure 40 and tread 20 of the curved staircase

[0079] (1) This staircase structure 40 rotates 360° to reach the upper floors. The walls 35c, 35c that define the staircase structure 40 are tubular with a square cross section and have an opening at the front.

[0080] (2) There are 12 treads 20, which rotate 360°, so that the angle between the nose surface 25 and the riser surface 26 of each tread 30 in plan view is 30° and is formed along the wall surface 35c, so it differs depending on the position where it is placed. In short, it is sufficient that the nose surface 25 of the upper tread 20 and the riser surface 26 of the lower tread 20 are normally formed to be the same width for the upper and lower treads 20, 20.

[0081] (3) In this embodiment, four sets of step plates 20X, 20Y, 20Z used in the second embodiment are used.

[0082] (4) As with the bent portion of the second embodiment, the end faces 23 of the step boards 20X, 20Y, 20Z are fixed to the wall faces 35c, 35c via wall fixing hardware 37, and further, the step boards 20X, 20Y, 20Z are fixed with step board fixing hardware 15, 15, and the step board fixing hardware 15, 15 are fixed to the wall faces 35c, 35c. The lower surface 22 of the bottommost step board 20X is fixed to the floor surface 31 by a single fixing hardware 16, similar to the first embodiment.

[0083] (5) In this manner, the staircase structure 40 is constructed (FIGS. 11 and 12).

[0084] 5. Other embodiments

[0085] (1) In the above embodiment, the configuration of the step plate fixing hardware 15 is the same as that of the first embodiment.

[0086] (2) In the above embodiment, the wall surfaces 35c, 35c are formed in the centrifugal direction of the turning (the buttock 23 side). However, if the turning is gentle, the wall surfaces can also be formed in the centripetal direction (the buttock 24 side (not shown).

[0087] (3) In the above embodiment, each step 20X, 20Y, 20Z has a cantilever structure and is fixed to the wall surface 35c, but it is also possible to provide a support from the floor surface 31 on the center side of each step 20X, 20Y, 20Z and engage or fix the butt surface 24 of each step 20X, 20Y, 20Z to the support (not shown). If a support with the required outer diameter is used, the butt surface 24 and step fixing hardware 15 can be fixed to the support as a wall surface (not shown). [Explanation of symbols]

[0088] 1 Fixed metal base material 2 Surface of the fixed metal base material 3 Plate-shaped main body of fixed metal base material 5 Upper end of fixed metal base material 6. Middle part of fixed metal base material 7 Lower end of fixed metal base material 11 Upper fixing plate 11a Screw holes in upper fixing plate 12 Intermediate screw hole 13 Lower fixing plate 13a Screw holes in lower fixing plate 15, 15A, 15B, 15a, 15b Step board fixing hardware 16 Fixing hardware (for fixing the bottom tier board) 18 Fixing hardware (for Fig. 1(a)) 20, 20X, 20Y, 20Z tiers 20A Target tread plate 20B Upper step board 20C Lower step plate 20D Upper step board 21 Tread surface 22 Underside of step board 23 End surface of step board facing the wall 24 End surface of free end of step board 25 Nosing of stair board 26 Stepping board riser 31 Floor 33 Upper floor floor 35, 35a, 35b, 35c Wall surface (vertical support surface) 37 Wall fixing parts 40 Stair structure 44 Handrail 46 Edge of step board fixing hardware (Fig. 9) 46a Diagonal side of step board fixing hardware (Fig. 9) 47 Opening of step plate fixing hardware (Fig. 9(d))

Claims

1. The staircase structure is characterized in that the end faces of the staircases are fixed to a substantially vertical support member such as a wall, and the staircases are arranged in a staircase-like shape to form a staircase, and is configured as follows. (1) One of the steps is a target step, and an upper step located directly above the target step is an upper step; (2) fixing one end of a step plate fixing hardware to the substantially vertical support member, and fixing a middle portion of the step plate fixing hardware to the target step plate; (3) The other end of the step plate fixing hardware was fixed to the upper step plate.

2. The staircase structure is characterized in that the end faces of the staircases are fixed to a substantially vertical support member such as a wall, and the staircases are arranged in a staircase-like shape to form a staircase, and is configured as follows. (1) The step plate includes a target step plate, a lower step plate located directly below the target step plate, and an upper step plate located directly above the target step plate; (2) The lower end of one step plate fixing hardware was fixed to the approximately vertical support member, the middle portion of the one step plate fixing hardware was fixed to the target step plate, and the upper end of the one step plate fixing hardware was fixed to the upper step plate. (3) The lower end of another step plate fixing hardware located below the first step plate fixing hardware was fixed to the approximately vertical support member, the middle part of the other step plate fixing hardware was fixed to the lower step plate, and the upper end of the other step plate fixing hardware was fixed to the target step plate.

3. The staircase structure is characterized in that the fixed end faces of the treads are fixed to a vertical support member such as a wall, and the treads are arranged in a staircase shape to form a staircase, and is configured as follows. (1) The step has a substantially horizontal tread surface, A lower surface of the corresponding other side of the tread surface; A fixed end surface to be fixed to the substantially vertical member; A free end grain surface on the other side of the fixed end grain surface; A structure including a step nose surface and a riser surface on the other side opposite to the step nose surface, (2) For the upper and lower steps, a step fixing metal fitting is disposed between the step nose surface of the upper step and the rise surface of the lower step, (3) A middle portion of one tread fixing hardware is fixed to a middle position in the width direction of the tread around the periphery of the riser surface or the nose surface of the tread, (4) Another step board fixing hardware is arranged near the free end of the step board fixing hardware of the step board, (5) The upper end of the other tread plate fixing hardware is fixed to the peripheral portion of the tread nose surface on the lower surface of the tread plate, (6) The lower end of the first step plate fixing hardware and the lower end of the other step plate fixing hardware are each fixed to the approximately vertical support member.

4. 2. The staircase structure according to claim 1, which is configured as follows. (1) The middle part of the step plate fixing hardware is fixed to each step plate in the ascending direction, and is fixed to the front end face of each step plate in the direction of advancement. (2) The upper end or the other end of the step plate fixing hardware is fixed to the underside of each step plate.

5. A staircase tread fixing hardware for fixing treads in a staircase-like manner to a substantially vertical support member, the treads comprising a target tread and an upper tread located above the target staircase, characterized in that the tread fixing hardware for a staircase is configured as follows: (1) The fixed metal base material is provided with an intermediate fixing means for fixing it to a target step plate at its intermediate portion, a lower end fixing means for fixing it to the approximately vertical support member at one end, and an upper end fixing means for fixing an upper step plate at the other end of the fixed metal base material.

6. 6. The staircase step fixing hardware according to claim 5, characterized in that it is configured as follows. (1) The fixing metal base material is made into a plate shape arranged at an angle, and a through hole for passing a screw is provided in the middle part to serve as an intermediate fixing means; (2) One end of the fixing metal base material is bent vertically to form a lower fixing plate, and a through hole for passing a screw is provided to form a lower end fixing means; (3) The other end of the fixing metal base material is bent vertically to form an upper fixing plate, and a through hole for passing a screw is provided to form an upper end fixing means; (4) The lower fixing plate and the upper fixing plate are formed at a right angle.

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