Sorting Equipment

Abstract

To provide a sorting device capable of performing a discharge process of non-ferrous material wastes sorted by primary and secondary sorters by a discharge chute of one system.SOLUTION: A secondary sorter S2 has air nozzles 36 and 37 for jetting out high-pressure air. The air nozzles 36 and 37 blow jet air to a ferrous material waste sorted by a primary sorter S1 to separate a non-ferrous material waste mixed in a ferrous material waste G3 therefrom, and this waste is sorted by the primary sorter S1 and combined with a non-ferrous material waste G4 descending a first discharge chute 15.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an improvement to a sorting device that crushes bulky waste containing iron materials, such as spring mattresses, and then separates the crushed waste into iron waste such as springs and non-ferrous materials such as sponge and cloth. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, such a sorting device is already known that includes a primary sorting machine that uses a magnet to separate crushed waste containing iron into iron waste and non-ferrous waste in order to improve sorting accuracy, and a secondary sorting machine that uses wind power to separate non-ferrous waste that has been mixed in with the iron waste sorted by the primary sorting machine, as disclosed in Patent Document 1 below. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 10-290940 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] However, in conventional sorting equipment, the discharge processing of ferrous waste sorted by the primary and secondary sorting machines is carried out through a single discharge chute, but the discharge processing of non-ferrous waste sorted by the primary and secondary sorting machines is carried out through two discharge chutes, which has the disadvantage that the equipment becomes larger and its manufacturing costs are high.

[0005] The present invention has been made in consideration of such circumstances, and aims to provide a small, low-cost sorting device that enables the discharge processing of non-ferrous waste sorted by the primary and secondary sorting machines to be carried out using a single discharge chute. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a sorting device comprising a primary sorting machine which uses a magnet to separate crushed waste containing iron into iron waste and non-ferrous waste, and a secondary sorting machine which uses wind power to separate non-ferrous waste mixed in with the iron waste sorted by the primary sorting machine, the device comprising a first discharge chute which guides and discharges the non-ferrous waste sorted by the primary sorting machine, and a second discharge chute which guides and discharges the iron waste sorted by the primary sorting machine, the secondary sorting machine having an air nozzle which is arranged to blow a jet of air onto the iron waste sorted by the primary sorting machine, thereby separating the non-ferrous waste mixed in with the iron waste and transferring it to the first discharge chute. A suction device that generates an air flow toward the downstream side of the first discharge chute is connected to the first discharge chute. The air nozzle corresponds to either or both of the first and second air nozzles 36, 37 in the embodiment of the present invention described below.

[0007] In addition to the first characteristic, the second characteristic of the present invention is that the air nozzle is positioned so as to direct the ejected air in a direction opposite to the descent of the iron waste discharged from the primary sorting machine.

[0008] Furthermore, in addition to the first or second characteristic, the present invention has a third characteristic in that the primary sorting machine is a magnetic type including a rotating drum and a magnet fixedly positioned opposite a portion of the inner surface of the rotating drum, and the air nozzle is positioned so as to direct its jetted air toward the iron waste discharge section of the rotating drum.

[0009] Furthermore, in addition to the first feature, the present invention has a fourth feature in that the intermediate portions of the first and second discharge chutes are connected to each other via a communicating chute, and the air nozzle is positioned so as to blow its jetted air onto the ferrous waste descending down the second discharge chute, thereby separating any non-ferrous waste mixed in therewith and transporting it to the communicating chute. Effect of the Invention

[0011] According to the first feature of the present invention, the air jet from the air nozzle of the secondary sorting machine is directed toward the first discharge chute while being blown toward the iron waste descending from the primary sorting machine toward the second discharge chute, so that the non-ferrous waste mixed in with the iron waste can be separated from the iron waste and transferred to the first discharge chute, where it can be merged with the non-ferrous waste sorted by the first sorting device and discharged into the first discharge chute. Therefore, the discharge process of the non-ferrous waste sorted by the first and second sorting devices can be performed by the first discharge chute of one system, and a small-sized, low-cost sorting device can be obtained. Furthermore, by using the suction machine to generate an airflow toward the downstream side of the first discharge chute, the non-ferrous waste discharged into the first discharge chute can be actively drawn toward the downstream side of the first discharge chute by the airflow, thereby preventing the non-ferrous waste from flying up to the upstream side of the first discharge chute and becoming mixed in with the ferrous waste discharged into the second discharge chute.

[0012] According to a second feature of the present invention, by directing the air ejected from the air nozzle in a direction opposite to the descent of the iron waste discharged from the primary sorting machine, it is possible to effectively separate non-ferrous waste that has become mixed in with the iron waste.

[0013] According to a third feature of the present invention, by directing the air ejected from the air nozzle toward the iron waste discharge section of the rotating drum, non-ferrous waste that has become mixed in with the iron waste can be more effectively separated from the iron waste.

[0014] According to a fourth feature of the present invention, non-ferrous waste separated from ferrous waste in the process of descending the second discharge chute can be efficiently transported to the first discharge chute via the communicating chute. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0016] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is an overall side view of a waste treatment system including a sorting device according to a first embodiment of the present invention; [Diagram 2] A side view of the sorting device in FIG. [Diagram 3] 3-arrow view of Figure 2 [Figure 4] 4 arrow view of Figure 2 [Diagram 5] Sectional view of line 5-5 in Figure 2 [Figure 6] 2 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of the sorting device according to the second embodiment of the present invention, in which a part of the sorting device in FIG. 1 is modified. [Figure 7] An overall side view of a waste treatment system including a sorting device according to a third embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0017] First, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings of FIGS.

[0018] In Figure 1, for example, when a discarded spring mattress containing iron is brought into the bulky waste storage yard 9, the bulky waste G1 is transported to the crusher 12 by the first conveyor 10, crushed by the crusher 12 to produce crushed waste G2, and the crushed waste G2 is transported by the second conveyor 11 to the sorting device S of the present invention.

[0019] The main body 13 of the sorting device S is composed of a hopper 14 installed below the discharge end of the second conveyor 11, first and second discharge chutes 15, 16 branching off to the left and right from the bottom end of the hopper 14 and extending downward, and a communicating chute 17 connecting the middle parts of the first and second discharge chutes 15, 16, with a first container 18 for receiving iron waste G3 disposed below the downstream end of the first discharge chute 15, and a second container for receiving non-ferrous waste disposed below the downstream end of the second discharge chute 16. These first and second containers 18, 19 can be moved individually.

[0020] A magnetic primary sorting machine S1 is installed inside the hopper 14, which separates the crushed waste G2 into iron waste G3 such as coil springs and non-ferrous waste G4 such as sponges and cloth.

[0021] In addition, a wind-powered secondary sorting machine S2 is attached to the top of the first discharge chute 15, which separates the non-ferrous waste G4 that has been mixed in with the ferrous waste G3 sorted and discharged by the primary sorting machine S1, and blows it toward the second discharge chute 16 for transport.

[0022] First, the configuration of the primary sorter S1 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.

[0023] The primary sorting machine S1 comprises a spindle 23 supported via bearings 22 on a frame 21 connected to the hopper 14, a rotating drum 24 supported for free rotation on the spindle 23, a fixed drum 25 connected to the spindle 23 within the rotating drum 24, and a permanent magnet 26 with a semicircular cross section attached to the outer periphery of the fixed drum 25 and arranged opposite the inner surface of the rotating drum 24 over approximately half of its circumference, and a number of anti-slip fins 27 are arranged on the outer periphery of the rotating drum 24 parallel to the spindle 23.

[0024] The rotating drum 24 has bosses 24a protruding on both sides outside the hopper 14, and a chain 30 is stretched between a driven sprocket 28 attached to one of the bosses 24a and a drive sprocket 29 of an electric motor 31 mounted on the frame 21. The rotating drum 24 is rotated by the electric motor 31 so that its lower side moves from the first discharge chute 15 side to the second discharge chute 16 side, as shown by arrow A.

[0025] On the other hand, an adjustment lever 32 is attached to the end of the spindle 23 opposite the driven sprocket 28, and this adjustment lever 32 is connected to the frame 21 via a turnbuckle 33. Therefore, by operating the turnbuckle 33, the fixed position of the fixed drum 25, i.e., the position of the permanent magnet 26, can be adjusted via the spindle 23. Thus, the permanent magnet 26 is positioned by the turnbuckle 33 at a position facing approximately half the inner surface of the rotating drum 24 on the first discharge chute 15 side.

[0026] As shown in FIG. 1, a guide plate 34 is provided within the hopper 14 to guide the crushed waste G2 fed from the second conveyor 11 to the outer circumferential surface of the rotating drum 24 on the permanent magnet 26 side.

[0027] Next, the configuration of the secondary sorter S2 will be described.

[0028] Referring again to FIG. 1, the secondary sorting machine S2 comprises first and second air nozzles 36, 37 attached to the outer wall of the first discharge chute 15, and an electric air pump 38 for blowing high-pressure air to the first and second air nozzles 36, 37. The first air nozzle 36 blows air from the inlet side of the second discharge chute 16 to the inlet side of the first discharge chute 15, preferably toward the iron waste discharge portion of the rotating drum 24. (The part where the iron waste is released from the magnetic force of the permanent magnet 26) At this time, a guide blade 39 that guides the air jetted from the first air nozzle 36 toward the iron waste discharge section of the rotary drum 24 is supported near the convex branch wall 15a between the first and second discharge chutes 15, 16, and an adjuster 40 that adjusts the guide angle is connected to this guide blade 39.

[0029] On the other hand, the second air nozzle 37 is positioned so that the air ejected from it travels upward across the second discharge chute 16 and toward the communicating chute 17 .

[0030] A suction chamber 43 is connected to the outer wall downstream of the first discharge chute 15 via a filter 42, and an electric suction pump 44 is connected to this suction chamber 43. By operating this suction pump 44, an air current that flows from the upstream side to the downstream side is generated in the first discharge chute 15. The suction chamber 43 and the suction pump 44 constitute a suction device 45.

[0031] Next, the operation of the first embodiment will be described.

[0032] When the crushed waste G2 is fed from the second conveyor 11 into the hopper 14, the crushed waste G2 is guided by the guide plate 34 to the permanent magnet 26 on the outer circumferential surface of the rotating drum 24. At that time, the rotating drum 24 is rotated by the electric motor 31 in the direction of arrow A, i.e., in the direction in which the lower side of the rotating drum 24 faces from the first discharge chute 15 side toward the second discharge chute 16 side. Therefore, first, the non-ferrous waste G4 in the crushed waste G2 that is not affected by the magnetic force of the permanent magnet 26 descends to the first discharge chute 15 when it reaches one side of the rotating drum 24, and is stored in the first container 18.

[0033] Meanwhile, the iron waste G3 in the crushed waste G2 is attracted to the outer surface of the rotating drum 24 by the magnetic force of the permanent magnet 26 and rotates together with the rotating drum 24. When it reaches a position directly above the second discharge chute 16, it is released from the magnetic force of the permanent magnet 26 and descends into the second discharge chute 16, and is placed into the second container.

[0034] As mentioned above, the crushed waste G2 is first sorted into ferrous waste G3 and non-ferrous waste G4 by the magnetic primary sorting machine S1, but non-ferrous waste G4 often gets mixed in with the sorted ferrous waste G3.

[0035] Therefore, in the secondary sorting machine S2, high-pressure air is sprayed from the first air nozzle 36 from the inlet side of the second discharge chute 16 toward the inlet side of the first discharge chute 15, and the wind force effectively separates the iron waste G3 into heavy iron waste G3 and light non-ferrous waste G4 that has been mixed in with it.The heavy iron waste G3 continues to descend down the second discharge chute 16, but the light non-ferrous waste G4 is blown up the entrance side of the first discharge chute 15 along the guide blade 39 by the wind force, and then descends down the second discharge chute 16.

[0036] In this case, particularly when the first air nozzle 36 is positioned so that its jetted air is directed toward the outer peripheral surface of the rotating drum 24 on the permanent magnet 26 side, the non-ferrous waste G4 can be more effectively separated from the ferrous waste G3 and transported to the first discharge chute 15 side.

[0037] Thus, the non-ferrous waste G4 separated from the ferrous waste G3 joins with the non-ferrous waste G4 discharged directly from the rotating drum 24 to the first discharge chute 15 and descends down the first discharge chute 15. This not only improves the sorting accuracy of the crushed waste G2, but also allows the discharge processing of the non-ferrous waste sorted by the first and second sorters S1, S2 to be performed in one system of the first discharge chute 15, which contributes to providing a small sorting device S at low cost.

[0038] Furthermore, in the middle of the second discharge chute 16, the second air nozzle 37 sprays high-pressure air upward across the second discharge chute 16 toward the connecting chute 17, and the wind force separates the remaining non-ferrous waste G4 from the ferrous waste G3 descending down the second discharge chute 16 and transports it to the first discharge chute 15 via the connecting chute 17, thereby further improving the sorting accuracy of the crushed waste G2.

[0039] Furthermore, a suction pump 44 is connected to the downstream part of the first discharge chute 15 via a filter 42 and a suction chamber 43, and by operating the suction pump 44, an airflow is generated in the first discharge chute 15 from the upstream side to the downstream side. This airflow actively draws the non-ferrous waste G4 into the downstream side of the first discharge chute 15, thereby reliably preventing the non-ferrous waste from flying up to the upstream side of the first discharge chute 15 and becoming mixed in again with the ferrous waste on the second discharge chute 16 side, thereby further improving the sorting accuracy of the crushed waste G2.

[0040] Next, a second embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 6 will be described.

[0041] In the second embodiment, in the sorting device S, a roller 46 is disposed directly above the convex branch wall 15a between the first and second discharge chutes 15, 16, instead of the guide blade 39 of the first embodiment. The roller 46 is rotated by an electric motor (not shown) in the direction of the arrow B, that is, the upper side of the roller 46 moves from the second discharge chute 16 side to the first discharge chute 15 side, so that the non-ferrous waste G4 descending toward the branch wall 15a is sent to the first discharge chute 15 side. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the non-ferrous waste G4 from getting caught and staying on the branch wall 15a. The other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, and in FIG. 6, the same components as those of the first embodiment are given the same reference numerals as those of the first embodiment, and the overlapping explanations are omitted.

[0042] Next, a third embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 7 will be described.

[0043] The crusher 12 crushes the bulky waste G1 in the same manner as in the first embodiment, and transfers the crushed waste G2 to the inlet of the crushed waste conveyor 50. The crushed waste conveyor 50 is composed of a driven pulley 51 arranged on the inlet side, a driving pulley 52 arranged on the outlet side, a conveyor belt 53 stretched between the pulleys 51 and 52, and an electric motor 55 that drives the driving pulley 52 via a chain transmission device 54. In particular, the driving pulley 52 is composed of a magnet-type primary sorting machine S1 of the same configuration as that used in the first embodiment. That is, the rotating drum 24 of the primary sorting machine S1 also serves as the driving pulley 52. ​​The permanent magnet 26 attached to the fixed drum inside the driving pulley 52 is arranged so as to face the semi-circumferential inner surface of the driving pulley 52 on the side where the waste descends.

[0044] Below the drive pulley 52 is arranged a hopper 14 which widens its opening upwards, and first and second discharge chutes 15, 16 branching out to the left and right are connected to the bottom of this hopper 14, and first and second containers 18, 19 are arranged below these first and second discharge chutes 15, 16, respectively.

[0045] A partition blade 56 is disposed within the hopper 14, and this partition blade 56 divides the inside of the hopper 14 into a non-ferrous waste receiving area 57 connected to the first discharge chute 15 and a ferrous waste receiving area 58 connected to the second discharge chute 16. An adjuster 60 for adjusting the partition area is connected to this partition blade 56. The drive pulley 52, i.e., the primary sorter S1, is disposed directly above the ferrous waste receiving area 58.

[0046] As the secondary sorting machine S2, first and second air nozzles 36, 37 are attached to the upper part of the hopper 14 and the downstream end of the second discharge chute 16, respectively, and an air pump 38 for ejecting high pressure from the first and second air nozzles 36, 37 is connected to the first and second air nozzles 36, 37. The first air nozzle 36 is arranged so that the ejected air is directed to the non-ferrous waste receiving area 57 via the iron waste receiving area 58. On the other hand, the second air nozzle 37 is arranged so that the ejected air is directed to the first discharge chute 15 side while being directed to the upstream side of the second discharge chute 16. A guide plate 61 is arranged directly above the convex branch wall 15a between the first and second discharge chutes 15, 16, and this guide plate 61 guides the ejected air of the second air nozzle 37 to the first discharge chute 15 side and also guides the descent of the iron waste G3 from the iron waste receiving area 58 to the second discharge chute 16.

[0047] Furthermore, in the same manner as in the first embodiment, a suction chamber 43 is connected via a filter 42 to the lower part of the hopper 14 on the side of the first discharge chute 15, and a suction pump 44 is connected to this suction chamber 43. By operating the suction pump 44, an airflow is generated in the lower part of the hopper 14 from the second discharge chute 16 to the first discharge chute 15. The suction chamber 43 and the suction pump 44 constitute a suction device 45.

[0048] Next, the operation of the third embodiment will be described.

[0049] In the crushed waste conveyor 50, the crushed waste G2 transferred from the crusher 12 is transported by the conveyor belt 53 to the discharge section and discharged into the hopper 14. Incidentally, the drive pulley 52 arranged at the discharge section of the conveyor belt 53 is composed of a magnetic primary sorting machine S1, and inside the drive pulley 52, it is fixedly arranged so as to face approximately half the inner surface of the drive pulley 52 on the side where the waste is discharged. Therefore, the non-ferrous waste G4 in the crushed waste G2 that is not affected by the magnetic force of the permanent magnet 26 falls from the side of the drive pulley 52, is blown upward by the partition blade 59 by the air jetted from the first air nozzle 36, and is guided to be discharged toward the first discharge chute 15, and is stored in the first container 18 via the first discharge chute 15.

[0050] On the other hand, as the iron waste G3 in the crushed waste G2 passes through the position opposite the permanent magnet 26, it is attracted to the conveyor belt 53 by the magnetic force of the permanent magnet 26, and when it leaves the area of ​​effect of the magnetic force, it descends down the second discharge chute 16 and is placed into the second container 19.

[0051] In this way, the drive pulley 52 is configured to also serve as the rotating drum 24 of the magnetic first sorter S1, so that when crushed waste G2 is fed from the crushed waste conveyor 50 into the hopper 14, the crushed waste G2 is sorted by the drive pulley 52 into iron waste G3 and non-ferrous waste G4 that has been mixed in with it, and can be discharged into the second discharge chute 16 and the first discharge chute 15, respectively.As a result, there is no need to install a primary sorter S1 dedicated to sorting within the hopper 14, as in the first embodiment, which can contribute to simplifying the device and ultimately reducing the manufacturing costs of the device.

[0052] In addition, the second air nozzle 37 provided downstream of the second discharge chute 16 blows its jet of air from below toward the first discharge chute 15 onto the iron waste G3 descending down the second discharge chute 16, so that the wind force separates the non-ferrous waste G4 still remaining in the iron waste G3 from the iron waste G3 and transfers it to the first discharge chute 15, thereby improving the sorting accuracy of the crushed waste G2.

[0053] Furthermore, the suction action of the suction chamber 43 caused by the operation of the suction pump 44 generates air currents flowing from the hopper 14 to the first discharge chute 15 and from the second discharge chute 16 to the first discharge chute 15, and these air currents enhance the flow of air ejected from the first and second air nozzles 36, 37, promoting the flow of non-ferrous waste G4 into the first discharge chute 15 and further improving the sorting accuracy of the crushed waste G2.

[0054] The above describes an embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various design modifications can be made without departing from the present invention described in the claims.

[0055] For example, depending on the selection of sorting accuracy, only one of the first and second air nozzles 36, 37 may be used. Also, in the first embodiment, the crushed waste G2 may be fed into the hopper 14 by another transport means rather than a conveyor. Also, an electromagnet may be used instead of the permanent magnet 26. Also, the non-ferrous waste G4 and ferrous waste G3 discharged from the first and second discharge chutes 15, 16 may be transported to a waste treatment device by a transport means such as a conveyor. [Explanation of symbols]

[0056] G1: Large-sized garbage G2 Crushed waste G3: Iron waste G4: Non-ferrous waste S...Sorting device S1: Primary sorting machine S2: Secondary sorting machine 15. First discharge chute 16. Second discharge chute 24 Rotating drum 26... Magnet (permanent magnet) 36 Air nozzle (first air nozzle) 37 Air nozzle (second air nozzle) 45...Suction device

Claims

1. A sorting device including a primary sorting machine (S1) that uses a magnet (26) to sort crushed waste (G2) containing iron materials into iron waste (G3) and non-ferrous waste (G4), and a secondary sorting machine (S2) that uses wind power to separate non-ferrous waste (G4) mixed in with the iron waste (G3) sorted by the primary sorting machine (S1), The apparatus is provided with a first discharge chute (15) for discharging and guiding the non-ferrous waste (G4) sorted by the first sorting machine, and a second discharge chute (16) for discharging and guiding the ferrous waste (G3) sorted by the first sorting machine, The air nozzles (36, 37) of the secondary sorting machine (S2) are arranged to blow jet air against the iron waste sorted by the primary sorting machine (S1) and separate the non-ferrous waste (G4) mixed in with the iron waste (G3) and transfer it to the first discharge chute (15); A sorting apparatus characterized in that a suction device (45) for generating an air flow toward the downstream side of the first discharge chute (15) is connected to the first discharge chute (15).

2. 2. The sorting device according to claim 1, A sorting apparatus characterized in that the air nozzle (36) is arranged so as to direct the jetted air (36) in a direction opposite to the descent of the iron waste (G3) discharged from the primary sorting machine (S1).

3. In the sorting device according to claim 1 or 2, The primary sorting machine (S1) is a magnetic type including a rotating drum (24) and a magnet (26) fixedly arranged opposite a part of the inner surface of the rotating drum (24), and the air nozzle (36) is arranged so as to direct its jetted air toward the iron waste discharge section of the rotating drum (24).

4. In the sorting apparatus of claim 1, A sorting device characterized in that the intermediate portions of the first and second discharge chutes (15, 16) are connected to each other via a communicating chute (17), and the air nozzles (36, 37) are arranged to blow their jetted air onto the iron waste (G3) descending the second discharge chute (16) to separate any non-ferrous waste (G4) mixed in therewith and transport it to the communicating chute (17).

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