Structures and construction machinery

Abstract

To allow a pin to be inserted from either above or below a swing post.SOLUTION: A structure 5 comprises: a bracket 52 having a first through hole penetrating in the vertical direction; a swing post 60 having a pair of attaching portions 62 facing each other in the vertical direction with the bracket 52 interposed therebetween and having a second through-hole vertically penetrating each of the pair of attaching portions 62; pins 70 inserted into the first through-hole and the second through-hole; and rod-like fixing members 81, 82. The pair of attaching portions 62 respectively comprises third through holes 623, 624 that penetrate in a direction which intersects the vertical direction and into which the fixing members 81, 82 are inserted. The pin 70 is fixed to the pair of attaching portions 62 by the fixing members 81, 82 inserted into the third through holes 623, 624.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a structure and a construction machine equipped with the structure. [Background technology]

[0002] A construction machine equipped with a swing post that swings around a pin whose axial direction is in the up-down direction is known. For example, Patent Document 1 describes a construction machine that includes a self-propelled lower traveling body, an upper rotating body that is rotatably supported on the upper side of the lower traveling body, and a working device provided at the front of the upper rotating body, in which the upper rotating body includes a rotating frame with a support bracket protruding forward, and a swing post that is swingably attached to the support bracket and to which the working device is attached, and in which the support bracket and the swing post are rotatably connected by an upper pin and a lower pin that are arranged on the same axis in the up-down direction. The pin has a flange portion with a larger diameter than the pin hole provided in the swing post and the support bracket. In addition, a stopper with a smaller diameter than the pin is provided at the lower end of the pin hole of the swing post. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Patent Publication No. 2021-21189 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] However, if the pin has a flange, the insertion direction of the pin is limited by the position of the flange, and if a stopper is provided at the bottom end of the pin hole, the insertion direction of the pin is limited to from above.

[0005] SUMMARY OF THE PRESENT EMBODIMENT In consideration of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a structure and a construction machine in which a pin can be inserted from either above or below the swing post. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the structure of the present invention comprises a swing post having a bracket having a first through hole penetrating in the vertical direction, and a pair of mounting parts facing each other in the vertical direction on either side of the bracket, each of the pair of mounting parts having a second through hole penetrating in the vertical direction, a pin inserted into the first through hole and the second through hole, and a rod-shaped fixing member, each of the pair of mounting parts having a third through hole penetrating in a direction intersecting the vertical direction and into which the fixing member is inserted, and the pin is fixed to the pair of mounting parts by the fixing member inserted into the third through hole.

[0007] The pin may have a hole into which the fixing member inserted into the third through hole is inserted.

[0008] One of the third through holes and the other of the third through holes may have a different diameter.

[0009] One of the holes and one of the third through holes may have a different diameter.

[0010] The diameter of one of the holes may be different from the diameter of the other of the holes.

[0011] At least one of the third through holes may be provided with a thread groove.

[0012] The hole may extend through the pin, and the fixing member may extend through the hole.

[0013] The pin may have a first groove portion cut out in the vertical direction from an upper end or a lower end.

[0014] The first groove portion may be provided at a position corresponding to the hole in a circumferential direction of the pin.

[0015] The pin may include a second groove portion extending in a circumferential direction and provided at a position corresponding to the hole in the vertical direction.

[0016] The mounting portion may have the third through hole on the front side and the rear side of the pin in the insertion direction of the fixing member, and the shape of the third through hole on the front side may be different from the shape of the third through hole on the rear side.

[0017] In addition, the construction machine of the present invention comprises a self-propelled lower running body, an upper rotating body rotatably arranged above the lower running body, a work machine that performs work, and any of the above-mentioned structures, wherein the bracket is provided on the upper rotating body, and the work machine is attached to the swing post. Effect of the Invention

[0018] According to the present invention, the pin can be inserted either above or below the swing post. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0019] [Figure 1] 1 is a perspective view of a construction machine according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 2] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 3] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] 1 is a cross-sectional view of a structure according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 5] 1 is a cross-sectional view of a structure according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] 1 is a cross-sectional view of a structure according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a pin having a groove according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 8] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a pin having a groove according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 9] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a pin having a groove according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 10] FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a swing post according to a modified embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0020] A construction machine 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below.

[0021] The construction machine 1 is used, for example, at construction sites, demolition sites, mines, etc., and performs work according to the operation of an operator. The construction machine 1 in this embodiment is a hydraulic excavator that performs work such as excavating earth and sand. The construction machine 1 includes a lower traveling body 2, an upper rotating body 3, and a working machine 4. The upper rotating body 3 is rotatably provided above the lower traveling body 2, and the working machine 4 is provided at the front of the upper rotating body 3.

[0022] The lower traveling body 2 includes a pair of left and right crawlers 21 and a track frame 22. Power is transmitted to the pair of crawlers 21 from an engine 31 provided on the upper rotating body 3, and the pair of crawlers 21 performs the traveling and other operations of the construction machine 1. The track frame 22 is provided between the pair of crawlers 21, and supports the upper rotating body 3 so that it can rotate.

[0023] The upper rotating body 3 includes an engine 31, a counterweight 32, and a cabin 33. Inside the cabin 33, there are provided a driver's seat for an operator to sit in, a display device for displaying various information, an operating device for the operator to operate, and the like.

[0024] The working machine 4 performs various tasks such as excavation, crushing, and soil removal in response to the operation of an operator. The working machine 4 is provided on the upper rotating body 3, and includes a boom 41, an arm 42, and an attachment 43. In this embodiment, a bucket for excavation is provided as the attachment 43. The construction machine 1 drives the working machine 4 by hydraulic power of hydraulic oil, and includes hydraulic actuators 41A, 42A, and 43A that drive the boom 41, the arm 42, and the attachment 43. The construction machine 1 utilizes power generated by the engine 31 to supply hydraulic oil from a hydraulic tank (not shown) to the hydraulic actuators 41A, 42A, and 43A by a hydraulic pump (not shown), and drives the hydraulic actuators 41A, 42A, and 43A using the hydraulic oil pressurized by the hydraulic pump as a power transmission medium.

[0025] The boom 41 is rotatably mounted on the upper rotating body 3 via a swing post 60. The arm 42 is attached to the tip of the boom 41 and is swingable about its axial direction being the horizontal direction. The attachment 43 is provided at the tip of the arm 42 and is swingable about its axial direction being the horizontal direction.

[0026] Next, the structure 5 will be described. Figures 2 and 3 are perspective views of the structure 5. Figures 4 to 6 are cross-sectional views of the structure 5. Of these, Figure 5 is an exploded view.

[0027] The structure 5 includes a bracket 52 having a first through hole 521 penetrating in the vertical direction, a pair of mounting parts 62 facing each other in the vertical direction with the bracket 52 in between, a swing post 60 having a second through hole 622 penetrating in the vertical direction in each of the pair of mounting parts 62, a pin 70 inserted into the first through hole 521 and the second through hole 622, and rod-shaped fixing members 81 and 82. The pair of mounting parts 62 each have third through holes 623 and 624 penetrating in a direction intersecting the vertical direction, into which the fixing members 81 and 82 are inserted. The pin 70 is fixed to the pair of mounting parts 62 by the fixing members 81 and 82 inserted into the third through holes 623 and 624. In this embodiment, two sets of the bracket 52 and the swing post 60 are provided.

[0028] The structure 5 includes a swivel frame 50 (see FIGS. 2 and 3). The swivel frame 50 includes a bottom plate portion 51, a bracket 52, and a reinforcing portion 53. The bottom plate portion 51 is a generally circular plate-like member, and is supported by the track frame 22 so as to be rotatable via a swivel joint (not shown). The bottom plate portion 51 is driven to rotate by a hydraulic motor or the like (not shown). The bracket 52 is provided so as to protrude forward from the front portion of the bottom plate portion 51, and the tip of the bracket 52 constitutes a support portion that supports the mounting portion 62 of the swing post 60. In the example of FIGS. 2 and 3, two support portions are arranged at the tip of the bracket 52 facing each other in the vertical direction, but the number of support portions may be one. The bracket 52 has a circular first through hole 521 that penetrates in the vertical direction. The reinforcing portion 53 is provided behind the bracket 52 on the upper surface of the bottom plate portion 51, and increases the rigidity of the bottom plate portion 51 and increases the rigidity of the joint portion between the bottom plate portion 51 and the bracket 52.

[0029] The swing post 60 is provided in front of the bracket 52 (see Figs. 2 to 4). The swing post 60 has a pair of mounting parts 62 that face each other in the vertical direction with the support part of the bracket 52 in between. As described above, in this embodiment, the bracket 52 has two support parts that face each other in the vertical direction, and therefore, a pair of mounting parts 62 is provided on each of the two support parts. In order to increase the rigidity of the mounting parts 62, it is desirable that the portions of the pair of mounting parts 62 that are forward of the bracket 52 are connected (see Fig. 4). Each of the pair of mounting parts 62 has a circular second through hole 622 that penetrates in the vertical direction. The diameter of the second through hole 622 is equal to the diameter of the first through hole 521.

[0030] An upper end of the main body 61 is provided with a boom coupling hole 611 to which the base of the boom 41 is coupled. An actuator coupling hole 612 to which the base of the hydraulic actuator 41A is coupled is provided at the front end of the main body 61.

[0031] The pair of mounting parts 62 have third through holes 623, 624 penetrating in a direction intersecting the vertical direction (for example, horizontal direction) (see Figs. 3, 5, and 6). The upper mounting part 62 is provided with the third through hole 623, and the lower mounting part 62 is provided with the third through hole 624. The third through holes 623, 624 may penetrate in any direction intersecting the vertical direction, but in consideration of ease of work, it is preferable that they penetrate in the left-right direction or a direction close to it. Rod-shaped fixing members 81, 82 are inserted into the third through holes 623, 624, respectively. The rod-shaped fixing members 81, 82 are, for example, bolts, and the third through holes 623, 624 are provided with thread grooves 623G, 624G for fastening the bolts.

[0032] The fixing member 81 is a member that mainly supports the pin 70 when the swing post 60 is attached to the bracket 52. The fixing member 82 is a member that temporarily supports the pin 70 to prevent the pin 70 from falling off, for example, when the fixing member 81 is broken. The diameter of the fixing member 81 is large enough to stably support the pin 70. On the other hand, the diameter of the fixing member 82 is large enough to temporarily support the pin 70 when the fixing member 81 is broken. Therefore, the diameter of the fixing member 82 can be smaller than the diameter of the fixing member 81. This allows the members to be lighter, and makes assembly and maintenance easier.

[0033] The pin 70 is a cylindrical member inserted into the first through hole 521 and the second through hole 622 (see FIGS. 3 to 5). The pin 70 has holes 71 and 72 on its outer circumferential surface into which the fixing members 81 and 82 inserted into the third through holes 623 and 624 are inserted. In this embodiment, the hole 71 penetrates the pin 70, but the hole 71 does not have to penetrate the pin 70. In this embodiment, the hole 72 does not penetrate the pin 70, but the hole 72 may penetrate the pin 70. The holes 71 and 72 do not have to have thread grooves, but may have thread grooves 71G and 72G common to the third through holes 623 and 624. The length of the pin 70 in the vertical direction is equal to or less than the distance between the upper end of the upper mounting portion 62 and the lower end of the lower mounting portion 62 of the pair of mounting portions 62. Therefore, when the pin 70 is inserted into the second through hole 622, the pin 70 is accommodated between the upper end of the upper mounting portion 62 and the lower end of the lower mounting portion 62, and the upper and lower ends of the pin 70 do not protrude from the mounting portion 62. The holes 71 and 72 are provided at positions facing the third through holes 623 and 624 when the pin 70 is inserted into the second through hole 622.

[0034] As described above, the third through hole 623 is a through hole into which the fixing member 81 can be inserted, and the third through hole 624 is a through hole into which the fixing member 82 can be inserted, so that the diameter of the third through hole 623 is formed larger than the diameter of the third through hole 624.

[0035] Hole 71 is configured to allow fixing member 81 to be inserted together with third through hole 623, and the diameter of fixing member 81 is large enough to stably support pin 70. Specifically, the diameter of hole 71 is equal to the diameter of third through hole 623. In this way, by making the diameters of hole 71 and third through hole 623 similar, vibration of fixing member 81 inside hole 71 and third through hole 623 is suppressed, and pin 70 can be stably supported.

[0036] The hole 72 is configured to be able to insert the fixing member 82 together with the third through hole 623, and the diameter of the fixing member 82 is large enough to temporarily support the pin 70 when the fixing member 81 is broken or the like. In other words, when the fixing member 81 supports the pin 70, the hole 72 is configured not to come into contact with the fixing member 82. Specifically, the diameter of the hole 72 is formed to be larger than the third through hole 624, and the fixing member 82 inserted into the third through hole 624 is in a floating state inside the hole 72. As a result, during the period when the fixing member 81 supports the pin 70, the fixing member 82 is not subjected to a load from the pin 70, and therefore, unnecessary deterioration of the fixing member 82 is prevented.

[0037] Furthermore, in order to suppress deterioration of the fixing member 82, it is sufficient that the fixing member 82 does not come into contact with the inner surface of the hole 72 when the fixing member 81 supports the pin 70. Therefore, the diameter of the hole 72 may be smaller than that of the hole 71, so long as the fixing member 82 does not come into contact with the inner surface of the hole 72. With this configuration, deformation of the pin 70 is suppressed compared to when the diameter of the hole 72 is equal to or larger than that of the hole 71.

[0038] According to the structure 5 of this embodiment described above, the swing post 60 has a bracket 52 having a first through hole 521 penetrating in the vertical direction, a pair of mounting portions 62 facing each other in the vertical direction across the bracket 52, and each of the pair of mounting portions 62 has a second through hole 622 penetrating in the vertical direction, and a pin 70 inserted into the first through hole 521 and the second through hole 622, and the pair of mounting portions 62 each have third through holes 623, 624 that penetrate in a direction intersecting the vertical direction and into which rod-shaped fixing members 81, 82 are inserted, and the pin 70 is fixed to the pair of mounting portions 62 by the fixing members 81, 82 inserted in the third through holes 623, 624, so that the pin 70 can be inserted from either above or below the swing post 60.

[0039] Furthermore, according to the structure 5 of this embodiment, the vertical length of the pin 70 is less than the distance from the upper end of the upper mounting portion 62 to the lower end of the lower mounting portion 62 of the pair of mounting portions 62, so that the pin 70 does not protrude from the swing post 60.

[0040] Furthermore, according to the structure 5 of this embodiment, the pin 70 is housed in the swing post 60 and the bracket 52 over its entire length in the vertical direction, so that the pin 70 does not protrude from the swing post 60.

[0041] Furthermore, according to the structure 5 of this embodiment, the pin 70 has holes 71, 72 into which the fixing members 81, 82 inserted into the third through holes 623, 624 are inserted. Therefore, even if one of them is damaged, the other supports the pin 70, thereby preventing it from falling off.

[0042] Moreover, in structure 5 according to this embodiment, the diameter of hole 72 is different from the diameter of third through hole 624. For example, the diameter of hole 72 is larger than the diameter of third through hole 624. With this configuration, when fixing member 81 supports pin 70, the load on fixing member 82 can be suppressed.

[0043] Moreover, according to the structure 5 of this embodiment, one of the holes 71, 72 has a different diameter from the other of the holes 71, 72. For example, as described above, by making the diameter of the hole 72 smaller than that of the hole 71, deformation of the pin 70 can be suppressed.

[0044] Moreover, according to the structure 5 of this embodiment, one of the third through holes 623, 624 and the other of the third through holes 623, 624 have different diameters. For example, as described above, by making the diameter of the third through hole 624 smaller than that of the third through hole 623, the diameter of the fixing member 82 can be made smaller than the diameter of the fixing member 81. This allows the members to be lighter, and facilitates assembly and maintenance work.

[0045] Moreover, in structure 5 according to this embodiment, one of holes 71, 72 has a different diameter from one of third through holes 623, 624. For example, as described above, by making the diameter of hole 72 larger than that of third through hole 624, deterioration of fixing member 82 can be suppressed.

[0046] Furthermore, according to the structure 5 of this embodiment, at least one of the third through holes 623, 624 is provided with a screw groove 623G, 624G, so that the pin 70 can be supported by both of the pair of mounting portions 62, and therefore the pin 70 can be firmly fixed.

[0047] Furthermore, according to the structure 5 of this embodiment, the holes 71 pass through the pins 70, and the fixing members 81 pass through the holes 71, so that the pins 70 can be firmly fixed.

[0048] The above embodiment may be modified as follows.

[0049] In the above embodiment, an example has been shown in which the diameter of hole 72 is different from the diameter of third through hole 624, but the diameter of hole 72 may be the same as the diameter of third through hole 624. With this configuration, pin 70 can be firmly fixed. Also, the diameters of hole 71 and hole 72 may be the same.

[0050] In addition to the configuration of the above embodiment, the pin 70 may have a first groove portion 75 cut out in the vertical direction from the upper end or the lower end. Figures 7 and 8 are perspective views of the pin 70 provided with the first groove portion 75. Of these, Figure 7 shows an example in which the first groove portion 75 is provided at the upper end, and Figure 8 shows an example in which the first groove portion 75 is provided at the lower end. The first groove portion 75 is provided at a position corresponding to the holes 71 and 72 in the circumferential direction of the pin 70. In other words, the first groove portion 75 is provided at a position facing the holes 71 and 72 in the vertical direction. According to this configuration, the pin 70 is inserted with the tip portions of the fixing members 81 and 82 slightly protruding into the second through hole 622, and the pin 70 is rotated so that the first groove portion 75 comes into contact with the tip portions of the fixing members 81 and 82, thereby easily aligning the pin 70 in the circumferential direction. In this embodiment, the first groove portion 75 is provided at a distance from the holes 71 and 72, but this is not limited to this. For example, the first groove portion 75 may be provided from the tip end of the pin 70 in the insertion direction to the position of the holes 71 and 72 in the axial direction.

[0051] In addition to the configuration of the above embodiment, the pin 70 may have a second groove portion 76 extending in the circumferential direction provided at a position corresponding to the hole 71 in the up-down direction. Fig. 9 is a perspective view of the pin 70 provided with the second groove portion 76. With this configuration, even if the pin 70 is inserted into the second through hole 622 with the hole 71 shifted in the circumferential direction with respect to the third through hole 623, the pin 70 can be easily aligned in the circumferential direction by rotating the pin 70 with the tip of the fixing member 81 inserted in the second groove portion 76.

[0052] Note that, instead of the second groove portion 76, a tapered hole whose diameter decreases toward the inside of the pin 70 from the outer circumferential surface of the pin 70 to a predetermined depth may be provided, and the hole 71 may be provided at a depth equal to or deeper than the predetermined depth. This configuration makes it easy to align the pin 70 in the vertical and circumferential directions.

[0053] In addition to the configuration of the above embodiment, the mounting portion 62 has third through holes 623 on the front side and the back side of the pin 70 in the insertion direction of the fixing member 81, and the shape of the third through hole 623 on the front side may be different from the shape of the third through hole 623 on the back side. For example, FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the swing post 60 according to this modification. This figure shows the swing post 60 divided into left and right at the center position of the second through hole 622. As shown in this figure, the third through hole 623 on the front side is made horizontally elongated, and the third through hole 623 on the back side is made circular, and the fixing member 81 is inserted into the hole 71 of the pin 70 from the third through hole 623 on the front side, and the tip of the fixing member 81 is aligned with the third through hole 623 on the back side while rotating the pin 70, thereby easily aligning the pin 70 in the circumferential direction. When the hole 72 penetrates the pin 70, this modification may also be applied to the third through hole 624.

[0054] In the above embodiment, an example was shown in which the holes 71 and 72 are provided in the pin 70, but the holes 71 and 72 do not necessarily have to be provided.

[0055] In the above embodiment, an example has been shown in which the third through hole 623 is provided in the upper mounting portion 62 and the third through hole 624 is provided in the lower mounting portion 62, but the third through hole 624 may be provided in the upper mounting portion 62 and the third through hole 623 may be provided in the lower mounting portion 62. In this case, the positional relationship between the holes 71 and 72, and the fixing members 81 and 82 will also be upside down. [Explanation of symbols]

[0056] 1. Construction machinery 2 Undercarriage 3. Upper rotating body 4 Work equipment 5 Structure 52 Bracket 521 First Through Hole 60 Swing Post 62 Mounting part 622 Second Through Hole 623, 624 Third through hole 70 pin 71, 72 holes 75, 76 Groove 81, 82 Fixing member

Claims

1. A bracket having a first through hole extending in a vertical direction; a swing post having a pair of mounting portions opposed to each other in a vertical direction with the bracket therebetween, each of the pair of mounting portions having a second through hole passing through in the vertical direction; a pin inserted into the first through hole and the second through hole, the upper mounting portion includes an upper through hole penetrating in a direction intersecting with a vertical direction and into which a first fixing member for fixing the pin to the upper mounting portion is inserted; the lower mounting portion includes a lower through hole extending in a direction intersecting the up-down direction and into which a second fixing member for fixing the pin to the lower mounting portion is inserted; The upper through hole is formed on one side of the pin in the left-right direction of the upper mounting portion, A structural body, wherein the lower through holes are formed on one and the other sides in the left-right direction of the pin of the lower mounting portion so that the second fixing member passes through the pin.

2. The structure according to claim 1 , wherein a diameter of the lower through-hole is larger than a diameter of the upper through-hole.

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