Construction Machinery

Abstract

To provide a construction machine allowing assembly and exchange of work fronts to be carried out in situ.SOLUTION: A construction machine comprises: a traveling body; a superstructure 19 supported on the traveling body rotatably around a vertical axis and having a driving seat 17; a work front 21 that has a connection member 41 connected to the superstructure and carries out predetermined work in accordance with motion of a component 42; a guide that is fixed on the superstructure and guides the connection member to a predetermined position for the superstructure when vertically lifting down the work front to be suspended; and a connection tool that is inserted into a through hole formed in the connection member when the connection member is positioned at a predetermined position to connect the connection member to the superstructure.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 8

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a construction machine comprising a running body, a rotating body supported on the running body so as to be freely rotatable about a vertical axis and having a driver's seat, and a work front connected to the rotating body and performing a predetermined task according to the operation of the components. [Background technology]

[0002] Patent Document 1 discloses a construction machine equipped with a work front (working device) that can be separated from an upper rotating body. Two horizontal pins are fixed to the upper rotating body so as to be freely inserted and removed. To fix the horizontal pins, two fixing holes are drilled in the upper rotating body for each horizontal pin. To connect the work front, the horizontal pins are inserted into the through holes and the two fixing holes in the work front. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 2011-17166 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] Since the work front is a heavy object and is suspended in the air, it is difficult to align the through holes with the fixed holes. If at least one of the central axes of the fixed holes and the through holes is misaligned from the horizontal, the horizontal pin cannot be inserted into the fixed holes and the through holes. When lifting the work front, the position of the work front must be adjusted with high precision, and the position of the rotating body must also be adjusted with high precision.

[0005] An object of the present invention is to provide a construction machine that allows the installation and replacement of a work front on-site. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a construction machine comprising: a running body; a rotating body supported on the running body so as to be freely rotatable about a vertical axis and having a driver's seat; a work front having a connecting member connected to the rotating body and performing a predetermined task according to the operation of components; a guide fixed to the rotating body and guiding the connecting member to a predetermined position relative to the rotating body when the suspended work front descends in the vertical direction; and a connector that is inserted into a through hole formed in the connecting member when the connecting member is at the predetermined position, thereby connecting the connecting member to the rotating body.

[0007] When assembling a construction machine, the work front is suspended. The work front may be lifted by a crane, for example. When the work front is lowered vertically, the connecting member of the work front is positioned at a determined position, guided by a guide. The through hole of the connecting member can be positioned relative to the rotating body. The connector can be inserted into the through hole. In this way, the work front can be assembled to the rotating body. The through hole can be positioned relative to the rotating body simply by lowering the work front, which is a heavy object. Assembly and replacement of the work front can be realized on site.

[0008] According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a construction machine comprising: a running body; a rotating body supported on the running body so as to be rotatable around a vertical axis and having a driver's seat; a work front that performs a predetermined task in accordance with the operation of a component; a horizontal bar fixed to the rotating body and extending laterally; a connecting member that is connected to any of the components and has a hook that opens downward and catches on the horizontal bar when the work front is suspended; a guide wall that continues downward from the hook and comes into contact with the horizontal bar when the suspended work front descends in the vertical direction to guide the horizontal bar to the hook; a stopper that receives the guide wall when the connecting member rotates around the horizontal bar by the action of the hook in response to the descent of the work front, and positions the connecting member at a predetermined position relative to the rotating body; and a connector that is inserted into a through hole formed in the connecting member when the connecting member is at the predetermined position, and connects the connecting member to the rotating body.

[0009] When assembling a construction machine, the work front is suspended. The work front may be lifted, for example, by a crane. When the work front is lowered vertically, the guide wall comes into contact with the horizontal bar, and the horizontal bar is guided by the hook of the connecting member. When the hook catches on the horizontal bar, the work front rotates around the horizontal bar. In this way, the stopper functions to position the through hole of the connecting member relative to the rotating body. The connector can be inserted into the through hole. In this way, the work front can be assembled to the rotating body. The positioning of the through hole relative to the rotating body can be achieved simply by lowering the work front, which is a heavy object. Assembly and replacement of the work front can be achieved on-site. Effect of the Invention

[0010] According to the construction machine disclosed above, the work front can be assembled or replaced on-site. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0011] [Figure 1]1A and 1B are a side view and a top view, respectively, illustrating a structure of a pile driver according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a plan view illustrating a schematic structure of a chassis. [Diagram 3] FIG. 1 is a front view of the pile driver, illustrating the operation of the tilting mechanism. [Figure 4] FIG. [Diagram 5] FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 5-5 in FIG. [Figure 6] FIG. 2 is a side view of the pile driver, showing the rotating body in a retracted position. [Figure 7] FIG. 11 is a plan view showing a schematic view of the left and right crawlers in a front-opening state. [Figure 8] FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing the assembly work of a pile driver. [Figure 9] 11 is a conceptual diagram showing the operation of a connecting member when assembling the front work unit. FIG. [Figure 10] 1 is a side view showing a schematic structure of an excavator according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 11] FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing an assembly operation of an excavator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0012] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0013] FIG. 1 shows a schematic structure of a pile driver (construction machine) according to an embodiment of the present invention. The pile driver 11 includes a running body 13 that runs on the ground GL in response to the operation of the left crawler 12a and the right crawler 12b, a slide mechanism 15 that moves a slider 14 in the front-rear direction on the running body 13, a rotating body 19 that is supported by the slider 14 so as to be rotatable about a vertical axis 16 and has a driver's seat 17 and a power source 18, and a work front 21 that is connected to the rotating body 19 and performs a predetermined task in response to the operation of the combined components. Here, the left crawler 12a and the right crawler 12b are constructed symmetrically with respect to the vertical plane LR. For example, a diesel engine or an electric motor can be used as the power source 18.

[0014] The running body 13 includes a chassis 22 that supports the left crawler 12a and the right crawler 12b. The left crawler 12a and the right crawler 12b each have a drive wheel 23 that is supported by the chassis 22 so as to be rotatable about a horizontal axis 23a and driven according to the power supplied from the power source 18, a roller 24 that is supported by the chassis 22 so as to be rotatable about a horizontal axis 24a that is parallel to the rotation axis (horizontal axis 23a) of the drive wheel 23, and a track (shoe) 25 that is wound around the drive wheel 23 and the roller 24, is received by the ground GL between the drive wheel 23 and the roller 24, and transmits the driving force of the drive wheel 23 to the ground GL. When the left and right tracks 25 move at the same speed, the running body 13 can move forward or backward. Depending on the speed difference between the left and right tracks 25, the running body 13 can turn left or right. The left crawler 12a and the right crawler 12b may have a structure similar to that of existing crawlers, and therefore detailed description of the left crawler 12a and the right crawler 12b will be omitted here.

[0015] As shown in FIG. 2, the chassis 22 includes a base body 27, a first movable body 28 connected to the base body 27 so as to be rotatable about a first vertical axis 28a and supporting the left crawler 12a, and a second movable body 29 connected to the base body 27 so as to be rotatable about a second vertical axis 29a parallel to the first vertical axis 28a and supporting the right crawler 12b. A hydraulic cylinder 31 is connected to the first movable body 28 and the second movable body 29. The hydraulic cylinder 31 has a piston housed in a cylinder body 31a and displaced in the axial direction while dividing two hydraulic chambers in the cylinder body 31a, and a rod 31b connected to the piston and moving in and out of the cylinder body 31a according to the displacement of the piston. At one axial end of the hydraulic cylinder 31, the cylinder body 31a is connected to the first movable body 28 so as to be rotatable about a vertical axis. For the connection, a bearing for receiving a pin standing upright in the first movable body 28 may be formed in the cylinder body 31a. At the other axial end of the hydraulic cylinder 31, a rod 31b is connected to the second movable body 29 so as to be rotatable about a vertical axis.

[0016] A link member 32 is connected to the first movable body 28 and the second movable body 29. The link member 32 can be made of steel, for example. The link member 32 maintains a predetermined length in its axial direction. One end of the link member 32 is connected to the first movable body 28 in front of the first vertical axis 28a and rotatably around an axis parallel to the first vertical axis 28a. For the connection, a bearing for receiving a pin standing upright on the first movable body 28 may be formed at one end of the link member 32. The other end of the link member 32 is connected to the second movable body 29 in rear of the second vertical axis 29a and rotatably around an axis parallel to the second vertical axis 29a. For the connection, a bearing for receiving a pin standing upright on the second movable body 29 may be formed at the other end of the link member 32. When the hydraulic cylinder 31 is set to the specified length, the left crawler 12a and the right crawler 12b are arranged in parallel positions, as shown in FIG. 2(a). The rotation axis of the drive wheel 23 of the left crawler 12a is set parallel to (here, coaxial with) the rotation axis of the drive wheel 23 of the right crawler 12b. At this time, the central axis of the hydraulic cylinder 31 is disposed in the left-right direction parallel to the rotation axis of the drive wheel 23. In other words, the central axis of the hydraulic cylinder 31 is perpendicular to the vertical plane LR.

[0017] As shown in FIG. 2(b), when the hydraulic cylinder 31 is extended from a specified length, the left crawler 12a and the right crawler 12b are driven from the parallel position to the forward opening. The opening angle of the left crawler 12a and the right crawler 12b can be adjusted by the action of the link member 32. Here, the left crawler 12a and the right crawler 12b change their postures toward the outside in the left and right directions at equal opening angles. When driving the forward opening, the central axis of the hydraulic cylinder 31 is maintained in the left and right direction. The base body 27, the first movable body 28, the second movable body 29, the hydraulic cylinder 31 and the link member 32 cooperate to form a forward opening mechanism that drives the left crawler 12a and the right crawler 12b from the parallel position to the forward opening.

[0018] A dozer blade 34 is disposed behind the chassis 22. The dozer blade 34 extends rearward from the foundation body 27. The dozer blade 34 can be displaced around a horizontal axis between an operating position in contact with the ground GL and an inoperative position above and away from the ground GL. A driving force of a hydraulic cylinder (not shown) can be used for the displacement. When the dozer blade 34 is set to the operating position, the dozer blade 34 can level the ground GL in response to the retreat (or advance) of the pile driver 11. The dozer blade 34 in the inoperative position does not interfere with the travel of the pile driver 11. Since the dozer blade 34 may have a structure similar to that of an existing dozer blade, a detailed description of the dozer blade 34 will be omitted here.

[0019] The slide mechanism 15 includes left and right rails 35 that are fixed to the base body 27 of the chassis 22 and extend linearly parallel to each other to guide the forward and backward movement of the slider 14, and a hydraulic cylinder 37 that is connected to the base body 27 and the slider 14. The left and right rails 35 extend horizontally in the forward and backward direction. The slider 14 is displaced horizontally in the forward and backward direction in response to the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder 37.

[0020] The rotating body 19 is connected to the slider 14 so as to be rotatable about the vertical axis 16, and is provided with a base 38 that supports the driver's seat 17 and the power source 18. A hydraulic pump (not shown) is connected to the power source 18. The hydraulic pump generates hydraulic pressure according to the power supplied from the power source 18. Hydraulic pressure is supplied from the hydraulic pump to each of the hydraulic cylinders 31, 37+. When the hydraulic cylinder 37 is set to a specified length, the rotating body 19 is disposed at a reference position in the front-rear direction on the chassis 22. Here, the reference position corresponds to the frontmost position of the slider 14. When the hydraulic cylinder 37 is extended from the specified length, the rotating body 19 is disposed at a retreated position on the chassis 22. Here, the retreated position corresponds to the rearmost position of the slider 14. At this time, even if the center of gravity of the weight acting from the rotating body 19 to the running body 13 shifts rearward from the rotation axis of the drive wheel 23, the weight acting on the rear of the left crawler 12a and the right crawler 12b can be supported by the dozer blade 34 in the operating position.

[0021] The work front 21 includes a connecting member 41 fixed to the rotating body 19, a boom 42 connected to the connecting member so as to be movable up and down around a horizontal axis 42a extending in the left-right direction, a guide member 44 connected to the boom 42 to guide the displacement of the leader 43, an auger 45 supported by the leader 43 so as to be movable relative to the leader 43, and a hydraulic cylinder 46 connected to the boom 42 and the connecting member 41. The work front 21 performs pile driving work in accordance with the operation of the combined components (the boom 42, the leader 43, the guide member 44, the auger 45, and the hydraulic cylinder 46). The connecting member 41 is connected to the components, that is, the boom 42 and the hydraulic cylinder 46.

[0022] The auger 45 applies a driving force to the pile material PL based on the power transmitted from the power source 18. A driving force can be applied downward along the leader 43 to the auger 45. To apply the driving force, for example, a chain supported by the leader 43 and wound around a sprocket can be connected to the auger 45. The chain can move along a trajectory determined according to the hydraulic pressure supplied from a hydraulic pump. The auger 45 is connected to the pile material (or drill) PL and can apply a rotational force to the pile material PL around its axis. To generate the rotational force, hydraulic pressure can be supplied to the auger 45 from, for example, a hydraulic pump. Since the auger 45 may have a similar structure to existing augers, a detailed description of the auger 45 will be omitted here.

[0023] A chain 48, for example, supported by a guide member 44 and wound around a sprocket, can be connected to the leader 43. The chain 48 can move along a path determined according to the hydraulic pressure supplied from a hydraulic pump. The movement of the chain 48 can displace the leader 43 relative to the guide member 44 in the vertical direction. The position of the auger 45 can be adjusted in the vertical direction according to the displacement of the leader 43. The leader 43 is disposed at a central position in the left-right direction.

[0024] When the hydraulic cylinder 46 is set to the specified length, a fixed surface 51 is defined on the boom 42, which is perpendicular to a front-to-rear axis 49 that extends horizontally in the front-to-rear direction. At this time, the fixed surface 51 forms a vertical plane. The guide member 44 is placed on the fixed surface 51 so as to be rotatable about the front-to-rear axis 49. When the hydraulic cylinder 46 is extended from the specified length, the boom 42 falls forward. The fixed surface 51 tilts in the front-to-rear direction. As the leader 43 moves away from the ground surface GL, it also moves away from the rotating body 19.

[0025] A tilting mechanism 52 that tilts the driving direction of the auger 45 around the front-rear axis 49 is connected to the guide member 44. The tilting mechanism 52 includes a hydraulic cylinder 53 that is connected to the boom 42 and the guide member 44. When the hydraulic cylinder 53 is set to a specified length, the leader 43 is set to a vertical position around the front-rear axis 49 as shown in FIG. 3. At this time, the auger 45 can move up and down in the vertical direction. When the hydraulic cylinder 53 is contracted from the specified length, the leader 43 (43a) tilts leftward around the front-rear axis 49. The leader 43a tilts clockwise when viewed from the front. The auger 45 can move in the tilting direction along the tilting leader 43a. When the hydraulic cylinder 53 is extended from the specified length, the leader 43 (43b) tilts rightward around the front-rear axis 49. The leader 43b tilts counterclockwise when viewed from the front. The auger 45 can move in the tilting direction along the tilting leader 43b. The hydraulic cylinder 53 can be supplied with hydraulic pressure from a hydraulic pump.

[0026] As shown in FIG. 4, the connecting member 41 has a hook 55 formed at a position facing the base 38 of the rotating body 19 and opened downward when the work front 21 is suspended, and a guide wall 56 continuing downward from the hook 55 and facing the base 38 of the rotating body 19. A horizontal bar 57 extending horizontally in the lateral direction is fixed to the base 38. The hook 55 is hooked on the horizontal bar 57. The horizontal bar 57 acts to limit the downward displacement of the connecting member 41. The guide wall 56 contacts the horizontal bar 57 when the suspended work front 21 descends vertically, guiding the horizontal bar 57 to the hook 55. Here, the horizontal bar 57 is formed as a cylindrical body with a horizontal central axis.

[0027] A stopper 58 is fixed to the base 38 to position the connecting member 41 at a determined position relative to the rotating body 19. The stopper 58 can be formed, for example, integrally with the base 38. The stopper 58 receives the guide wall 56 when the connecting member 41 rotates around the horizontal bar 57 due to the action of the hook 55 in response to the lowering of the front work unit 21.

[0028] A connector 59 is fixed to the base 38 below the horizontal bar 57. The connector 59 is formed as a cylindrical pin. The central axis of the pin is arranged parallel to the central axis of the horizontal bar 57. As shown in FIG. 5, the connector 59 is inserted into a through hole 61 formed in the connecting member 41. In this way, the connector 59 connects the connecting member 41 to the rotating body 19. The connecting member 41 is held in a determined position relative to the rotating body 19 by the action of the hook 55 and the through hole 61. Fixing holes 62 are drilled in the base 38 on the left and right of the through hole 61. The connector 59 is inserted into the two fixing holes 62 and fixed to the base 38. The left and right fixing holes 62 and through holes 61 are arranged coaxially.

[0029] As shown in FIG. 1, the work front 21 includes a first suspension can 63 fixed to the auger 45 and a second suspension can 64 fixed to the guide member 44. The first suspension can 63 and the second suspension can 64 may each be coupled with an end of a wire suspended from a hook of a crane. The first suspension can 63 may be disposed at the upper end of the auger 45 on the upright axis of the auger 45. The first suspension can 63 may be formed integrally with the metal outer shell of the auger 45 as a bracket. The second suspension can 64 may be disposed at the uppermost end of the guide member 44, for example, at the center position in the left-right direction. The second suspension can 64 may be formed integrally with the metal main body of the guide member 44 as a bracket.

[0030] Next, the operation of the pile driver 11 will be described. The pile PL is set on the work front 21. As shown in FIG. 6, the height of the auger 45 is adjusted according to the length of the pile PL. To adjust the height, the leader 43 is caused to move up and down relative to the guide member 44. The inclination angle of the pile PL relative to the ground surface GL is adjusted. The inclination in the fore-and-aft direction relative to the traveling direction of the pile driver 11 can be adjusted by raising and lowering the boom 42. To adjust the raising and lowering, hydraulic pressure is supplied to the hydraulic cylinder 46 from a hydraulic pump. The inclination in the left-and-right direction relative to the traveling direction of the pile driver 11 can be adjusted by rotating the leader 43 around the fore-and-aft axis 49. To adjust the rotation, hydraulic pressure is supplied to the hydraulic cylinder 53 from a hydraulic pump.

[0031] The pile PL is positioned at a predetermined position on the ground GL. The left crawler 12a and the right crawler 12b are operated to position the pile PL. At this time, the sliding mechanism 15 operates to move the rotating body 19 backward on the running body 13. As the rotating body 19 moves, the lower end of the pile PL is pulled into the space between the left crawler 12a and the right crawler 12b. When the rotating body 19 is positioned in the retracted position, the pile PL can be driven into the ground GL between the left crawler 12a and the right crawler 12b. The dozer blade 34 may be maintained in the inoperative position to position the pile PL.

[0032] As shown in FIG. 7, in the pile driver 11, the left crawler 12a and the right crawler 12b are driven from the parallel position to the forward opening position prior to the application of the driving force. To drive the left crawler 12a and the right crawler 12b, hydraulic pressure is supplied from the hydraulic pump to the hydraulic cylinder 31. The dozer blade 34 is driven to the operating position. Then, a driving force is applied to the pile material PL from the auger 45. In this way, the pile material PL is driven into the ground. Even if a force acts on the pile material PL to tip it in the left-right direction in response to the operation of the auger 45 or a reaction force from the ground GL, the forward opening left crawler 12a and right crawler 12b can brace themselves against the ground GL and support the pile material PL from falling.

[0033] In this embodiment, the pile driver 11 is equipped with a tilting mechanism 52 that tilts the driving direction of the auger 45 around the front-rear axis 49. When a driving force is applied from the auger 45 along the longitudinal axis to a pile material PL that is tilted left-right, the pile material PL is prone to a force that causes it to fall left-right. Even in this case, the front-opening left crawler 12a and right crawler 12b can brace themselves against the ground GL and prevent the pile material PL from falling.

[0034] In this embodiment, when driving the pile PL, the dozer blade 34 extends rearward from the chassis 22 and comes into contact with the ground surface GL. Even if the center of gravity shifts rearward of the left crawler 12a and the right crawler 12b when the rotating body 19 moves backward toward the reverse position, the weight acting on the rearward direction of the left crawler 12a and the right crawler 12b is supported by the dozer blade 34, so that the pile driver 11 can be prevented from tipping backward. When the pile driver 11 moves backward in response to the operation of the left crawler 12a and the right crawler 12b, the dozer blade 34 can level the ground surface GL.

[0035] The pile driver 11 according to this embodiment can be used when constructing a steel tower for a power transmission line in the mountains. The pile driver 11 is transported to a site in the mountains, for example, by helicopter. During transportation, the work front 21 is separated from the rotating body 19. The hydraulic cylinders 46, 53, the auger 45, and the like are disconnected from the hydraulic pump. For example, the piping of the hydraulic path is removed from the hydraulic cylinders 46, 53 and the auger 45. An opening and closing valve is installed in the hydraulic path to prevent oil leakage.

[0036] The work front 21 is lifted by the crane. As a result, the coupling 59 is released from the weight acting from the work front 21. The coupling 59 is pulled out from the fixing hole 62 and the through hole 61. When the work front 21 is further lifted, the work front 21 is separated from the rotating body 19. The work front 21, the rotating body 19, and the running body 13 are transported to the site separately. During transportation, the rotating body 19 and the running body 13 may remain connected to each other or may be separated from each other.

[0037] The pile driver 11 is assembled at a site in the mountains. For example, a crane can be used for assembly. As shown in FIG. 8, the work front 21 is lifted up by the crane. The heavy work front 21 is suspended in the air. At this time, a first wire 66 connected to the first suspension can 63 and a second wire 67 connected to the second suspension can 64 are suspended from the hook 65. The posture of the work front 21 can be controlled by adjusting the lengths of the first wire 66 and the second wire 67. Here, since the first suspension can 63 and the second suspension can 64 are fixed to the auger 45 and the guide member 44, respectively, the auger 45 can be easily held at the uppermost position relative to the leader 43 regardless of the relative movement of the leader 43 and the auger 45, and the guide member 44 can be easily held at the uppermost position relative to the leader 43 regardless of the relative movement of the leader 43 and the guide member 44.

[0038] As shown in FIG. 9, when the work front 21 descends in the vertical direction, the guide wall 56 of the connecting member 41 comes into contact with the horizontal bar 57. As the work front 21 descends, the guide wall 56 slides on the horizontal bar 57. In this way, the horizontal bar 57 is guided by the hook 55 of the connecting member 41. The hook 55 gets caught on the horizontal bar 57. The hook 55 can adjust its posture by coming into contact with the horizontal bar 57. To adjust the posture, it is sufficient that the hook 55 has a sufficient width in the left-right direction along the horizontal bar 57. Alternatively, two hooks 55 may be formed on the connecting member 41 with a gap left and right according to the length of the horizontal bar 57.

[0039] When the hook 55 is caught on the horizontal bar 57, the work front 21 can rotate around the horizontal bar 57. When the work front 21 rotates, the first wire 66 and the second wire 67 may be loosened. A rotation moment can be generated based on the weight of the work front 21. The rotation of the work front 21 is received by the stopper 58. In this way, the connecting member 41 can be positioned at a determined position relative to the rotating body 19. The through hole 61 can be coaxially aligned with the two fixing holes 62. A connecting tool 59 is inserted into the fixing hole 62 and the through hole 61. The work front 21 is connected to the rotating body 19. Thereafter, the hydraulic cylinders 46, 53, the auger 45, and the like are connected to a hydraulic pump. For example, the piping of the hydraulic path is connected to the hydraulic cylinders 46, 53 and the auger 45. The opening and closing valve of the hydraulic path is opened.

[0040] 10 is a schematic diagram showing a structure of a front work machine 71 according to another embodiment. The front work machine 71 includes a connecting member 41 fixed to the rotating bed 19, a boom 73 connected to the connecting member 41 so as to be freely raised and lowered about a first horizontal axis 72 extending in the left-right direction, a boom hydraulic cylinder 74 connected to the boom 73 and the connecting member 41 and generating a driving force for raising and lowering the boom 73, an arm 76 coupled to the boom 73 so as to be rotatable about a second horizontal axis 75 parallel to the first horizontal axis 72, an arm hydraulic cylinder 77 connected to the arm 76 and the boom 73 and generating a driving force for rotating the arm 76 relative to the boom 73, a bucket 79 connected to the arm 76 so as to be rotatable about a third horizontal axis 78 parallel to the second horizontal axis 75, and a bucket hydraulic cylinder 81 connected to the bucket 79 and the arm 76 and generating a driving force for rotating the bucket 79 relative to the arm 76. The work front 71 performs excavation work in accordance with the operation of the combined components (boom 73, boom hydraulic cylinder 74, arm 76, arm hydraulic cylinder 77, bucket 79, and bucket hydraulic cylinder 81). The connecting member 41 is connected to the components, boom 73 and boom hydraulic cylinder 74. In this way, the work front 71 is configured as a backhoe. Since the backhoe may have the same structure as an existing backhoe except for the connecting member 41, a detailed description of the backhoe will be omitted here.

[0041] The work front 71 includes a third suspension can 82 fixed to the arm 76 and a fourth suspension can 83 fixed to the boom. The third suspension can 82 and the fourth suspension can 83 can be respectively coupled with the ends of wires suspended from, for example, a crane hook. The third suspension can 82 can be disposed on the arm 76, for example, at a position farther from the bucket 79 than the second horizontal axis 75. The third suspension can 82 can be formed integrally with the metal body of the arm 76 as a bracket. The fourth suspension can 83 can be disposed on the boom 73, for example, at a position where interference can be removed between the third suspension can 82 and the fourth suspension can 83 while being separated from the third suspension can 82 as far as possible. The fourth suspension can 83 can be formed integrally with the metal body of the boom 73 as a bracket.

[0042] As shown in FIG. 11, the work front 71 can be coupled to the rotating body 19 in place of the work front 21 described above. In this way, the work fronts 21 and 71 can be exchanged. In response to the exchange of the work fronts 21 and 71, the pile driver 11 can be changed to a hydraulic excavator (construction machine). At this time, the work front 71 is lifted up by a crane. A third wire 84 connected to a third suspension can 82 and a fourth wire 85 connected to a fourth suspension can 83 are suspended from the hook 65. The attitude of the work front 71 can be controlled by adjusting the lengths of the third wire 84 and the fourth wire 85. Here, the hydraulic pressure is kept constant in the arm hydraulic cylinder 77 and the bucket hydraulic cylinder 81 by the action of the opening and closing valves of the hydraulic paths, so that the relative positions of the boom 73 and the arm 76 can be maintained. The third hanging can 82 is positioned on the arm 76 at a position farther from the bucket 79 than the second horizontal axis 75, and the third hanging can 82 and the fourth hanging can 83 are moved as far away as possible, so that the posture of the work front 71 can be maintained well. [Explanation of symbols]

[0043] 11...pile driver (construction machinery), 13...running body, 16...vertical axis, 17...driver's seat, 19...swivel body, 21...work front, 41...connecting member, 42...component (boom), 43...component (leader), 45...component (auger), 55...hook, 56...guide wall, 57...guide (horizontal bar), 58...stopper, 59...connector, 61...through hole, 71...work front, 73...component (boom), 74...component (boom hydraulic cylinder), 76...component (arm), 77...component (arm hydraulic cylinder), 79...component (bucket), 81...component (bucket hydraulic cylinder).

Claims

[Claim 1] A running body, A rotating body supported on the traveling body so as to be freely rotatable about a vertical axis and having a driver's seat; A work front that performs a predetermined work according to the operation of the components; A horizontal bar fixed to the rotating body and extending laterally; A connecting member connected to any one of the components and having a hook that opens downward and hooks onto the horizontal bar when the work front is suspended; A guide wall that continues downward from the hook and has a shape that contacts the horizontal bar when the suspended work front descends in the vertical direction to guide the horizontal bar to the hook; a stopper that receives the guide wall when the connecting member rotates around the horizontal bar by the action of the hook in response to the lowering of the work front, and positions the connecting member at a determined position with respect to the rotating body; a connector that is inserted into a through hole formed in the connecting member when the connecting member is positioned at a predetermined position, and connects the connecting member to the rotating body; A construction machine comprising:

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