Vibration control device

Abstract

To provide a vibration damping device of a simple constitution that can exert a damping effect in a structure with different periods in two horizontal directions.SOLUTION: A vibration damping device 1 is installed on a structure, where the sum of stiffness of first laminated rubbers 2 installed in a first X1 row along a first direction Y in the horizontal plane is smaller than the sum of stiffness of second laminated rubbers 3 installed in a second X2 row along the first direction Y and different from the first X1 row. Furthermore, the stiffness of the first laminated rubber 2 is smaller than the stiffness of the second laminated rubber 3.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a vibration damping device. [Background technology]

[0002] A method of adding a vibration system (Tuned Mass Damper, TMD) that is tuned to the vibration mode of a structure has been known for the purpose of reducing vibration of the structure caused by wind or earthquakes. In the case of buildings, TMDs are mainly installed on the upper floors of buildings to reduce horizontal vibration. The mechanical specifications of TMDs are theoretically determined to be appropriate stiffness (TMD period) and damping constant according to the period of the building and the ratio of the effective mass value in the target vibration mode to the mass of the TMD (mass ratio).

[0003] The specific configuration of a TMD may involve a mass body made of concrete or steel being suspended by cables in a pendulum shape, or a mass body being supported by laminated rubber such as those used in seismic isolation structures. TMDs also require the addition of damping properties, and seismic isolation and vibration control materials such as oil dampers are often used.

[0004] On the other hand, when the structure is a building, the periods in two perpendicular directions, such as the long side direction and the short side direction, may differ on the plane. For a simply suspended pendulum or circular laminated rubber, it is difficult to differentiate the period and stiffness depending on the direction, so the periods in the two directions must be the same. In that case, the TMD specifications that should be set appropriately for the two directions of the building cannot be set at the same time.

[0005] To address this issue, a method has been proposed in which a rotating inertial mass device is used to extend the period in only one direction for a TMD that uses laminated rubber and has the same period in two directions (see Patent Document 1 below). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] JP 2015-227605 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] However, the vibration control device described in Patent Document 1 has a problem in that the vibration control device is complicated because it requires a horizontal spring element to be provided on the vibration control column and an oil damper or a rotary inertia mass damper to provide damping.

[0008] Therefore, the present invention has been made in consideration of the above circumstances, and provides a vibration damping device that can exert a vibration damping effect with a simple configuration in a structure that has different periods in two horizontal directions. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention employs the following means. That is, the vibration damping device according to the present invention is a vibration damping device installed on a structure, and a sum of stiffnesses of first laminated rubbers installed in a first row along a first direction in a horizontal plane is smaller than a sum of stiffnesses of second laminated rubbers installed in a second row different from the first row along the first direction. Either a linear guide or a sliding slider is installed on the opposite side to the center side in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction in a horizontal plane from the first row. .

[0010] In the vibration control device configured in this manner, the sum of the stiffness of the first laminated rubber installed in the first row along the first direction is smaller than the sum of the stiffness of the second laminated rubber installed in the second row along the first direction. Therefore, it is possible to intentionally give a swaying vibration mode to the vibration control device, and it is possible to exert a vibration control effect on a structure with different periods in two horizontal directions. In addition, it is possible to make the sum of the laminated rubber different between the first row and the second row, which allows for a simple configuration. Furthermore, by providing either the linear guide or the sliding slider, the number of first laminated rubber members can be reduced.

[0011] In the vibration damping device according to the present invention, the rigidity of the first laminated rubber may be smaller than the rigidity of the second laminated rubber.

[0012] In a vibration control device configured in this manner, the rigidity of the first laminated rubber is smaller than the rigidity of the second laminated rubber, so that by installing the same number of first laminated rubbers and second laminated rubbers, the sum of the rigidities of the laminated rubbers installed in the first row can be made smaller than the sum of the rigidities of the laminated rubbers installed in the second row.

[0013] In the vibration damping device according to the present invention, the first laminated rubber and the second laminated rubber are The above The first and second laminated rubbers are arranged in a third row and a fourth row along the second direction, and the sum of the rigidity of the first and second laminated rubbers arranged in the third row may be equal to the sum of the rigidity of the first and second laminated rubbers arranged in the fourth row.

[0014] In the vibration damping device configured in this manner, the sum of the rigidity of the first and second laminated rubbers installed in the third row along the second direction is equal to the sum of the rigidity of the first and second laminated rubbers installed in the fourth row along the second direction. Therefore, since there is no eccentricity between the third and fourth rows, it is possible to achieve uniaxial eccentricity, which is easier to control than biaxial eccentricity. Effect of the Invention

[0017] According to the vibration damping device of the present invention, it is possible to exert a vibration damping effect with a simple configuration in a structure having different periods in two horizontal directions. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0018] [Figure 1] 1 is a plan view showing a vibration damping device according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Diagram 2] 1 is an elevational view showing a vibration damping device according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Diagram 3] 13 shows soft directional control using a rotational mode in a vibration damping device according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] 1 is a plan view showing a design example of a vibration damping device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 5] FIG. 2 is an elevation view showing a design example of a vibration damping device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an analysis model of Case 2 of a design example of a vibration damping device according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the torsional mode of the TMD portion of Case 3 in the design example of a vibration damping device according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 8] 1 shows a comparison of earthquake response displacement waveforms of design examples of a vibration damping device according to an embodiment of the present invention, where a seismic wave KA1 is input. [Figure 9] 13 shows a comparison of earthquake response displacement waveforms of design examples of a vibration damping device according to one embodiment of the present invention, where a seismic wave OS2 is input. [Figure 10] FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a vibration damping device according to a first modified example of an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 11] FIG. 2 is an elevational view showing a vibration damping device according to a first modified example of an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 12] FIG. 11 is a plan view showing a vibration damping device according to a second modified example of an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 13] FIG. 11 is an elevational view showing a vibration damping device according to a second modified example of an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0019] A vibration damping device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2, the vibration damping device 1 includes a support 11, a first laminated rubber 2, a second laminated rubber 3, and a weight 4. The vibration damping device 1 is installed on an installation surface 10 such as the upper part of a structure. The weight 4 is made of concrete, steel, or the like.

[0020] The vibration control device 1 intentionally gives a torsional vibration mode to a TMD (Tuned Mass Damper), giving it a different natural period in the horizontal direction, and adds appropriate vibration parameters to the TMD for the two different horizontal natural modes on the building side, one long and one short.

[0021] As shown in Fig. 1, the support 11 is formed in a flat plate shape. A plurality of supports 11 are arranged along a horizontal plane parallel to the installation surface 10. As shown in Fig. 2, a plurality of supports 11 are installed, and are designated as support 11a, support 11b, and support 11c in order from the bottom.

[0022] The support 11a is disposed above the installation surface 10 with a gap therebetween. The support 11b is disposed above the support 11a with a gap therebetween. The support 11c is disposed above the support 11b with a gap therebetween.

[0023] In this embodiment, the planar shapes of the support 11a, the support 11b, and the support 11c are substantially rectangular. The support 11a and the support 11b have substantially the same planar shape. The planar shape of the support 11c is larger than the planar shapes of the support 11a and the support 11b.

[0024] 1, one direction along the horizontal plane of the support 11 is defined as the X direction (second direction), and a direction perpendicular to the X direction (first direction) is defined as the Y direction. The X direction is aligned along the long side direction of the support 11. The Y direction is aligned along the short side direction of the support 11.

[0025] As shown in FIG. 2, a first laminated rubber 2 and a second laminated rubber 3 are disposed between the installation surface 10 and the support body 11a and between the upper and lower supports 11.

[0026] The first laminated rubber 2 is, from the bottom up, the first laminated rubber 2a, the first laminated rubber 2b, and the first laminated rubber 2c. The second laminated rubber 3 is, from the bottom up, the second laminated rubber 3a, the second laminated rubber 3b, and the second laminated rubber 3c. In other words, the first laminated rubber 2a and the second laminated rubber 3a are placed between the installation surface 10 and the support 11a. The first laminated rubber 2b and the second laminated rubber 3b are placed between the support 11a and the support 11b. The first laminated rubber 2c and the second laminated rubber 3c are placed between the support 11b and the support 11c.

[0027] As shown in Fig. 1, in each layer, the first laminated rubber 2 is provided at two locations spaced apart in the Y direction. The second laminated rubber 3 is provided at two locations spaced apart in the Y direction. The first laminated rubber 2 and the second laminated rubber 3 are disposed at two locations spaced apart in the X direction.

[0028] The first laminated rubber 2 is arranged on the X1 row (first row) passing through the coordinate X1 in the X direction. The second laminated rubber 3 is arranged on the X2 row (second row) passing through the coordinate X2 in the X direction. One of the first laminated rubber 2 and one of the second laminated rubber 3 are arranged on the Y1 row (third row) passing through the coordinate Y1 in the Y direction. The other of the first laminated rubber 2 and the other of the second laminated rubber 3 are arranged on the Y2 row (fourth row) passing through the coordinate Y2 in the Y direction. The X1 row and the X2 row are on opposite sides of the center of the vibration damping device 1 in the X direction, and are equally spaced from the center of the vibration damping device 1 in the X direction. The Y1 row and the Y2 row are on opposite sides of the center of the vibration damping device 1 in the Y direction, and are equally spaced from the center of the vibration damping device 1 in the Y direction.

[0029] In each layer, one first laminated rubber 2 is disposed at the intersection of the X1 row and the Y1 row, and another first laminated rubber 2 is disposed at the intersection of the X1 row and the Y2 row. One second laminated rubber 3 is disposed at the intersection of the X2 row and the Y1 row, and another second laminated rubber 3 is disposed at the intersection of the X2 row and the Y2 row.

[0030] The rigidity of the first laminated rubber 2 is lower than the rigidity of the second laminated rubber 3. Since two first laminated rubbers 2 are arranged in row X1 and two second laminated rubbers 3 are arranged in row X2, the sum A1 of the rigidity of the laminated rubbers in row X1 is lower than the sum A2 of the rigidity of the laminated rubbers in row X2. Since one first laminated rubber 2 and one second laminated rubber 3 are arranged in row Y1 and row Y2, the sum B1 of the rigidity of the laminated rubbers in row Y1 is equal to the sum B2 of the rigidity of the laminated rubbers in row Y2.

[0031] Among the TMD specifications, the specifications of the multiple rubber laminates 2 and 3 that form the rigidity are selected to correspond to the X direction. The sum of the horizontal rigidity of the rubber laminates 2 and 3 selected here (totals B1 and B2) is the same in the Y direction of the TMD because the rigidity of a single circular rubber laminate does not vary depending on the direction. However, the distance from the center of gravity on the X direction side and the rigidity of each rubber laminate can be determined so that the center of rigidity is shifted from the center of gravity and the rotational rigidity is as small as necessary. In this way, a system is formed that has no eccentricity in the X direction and eccentricity in the Y direction. Although the damping device is omitted in Figure 1, it is possible to set different specifications in the X and Y directions by using a component that acts in one axial direction, such as an oil damper.

[0032] Next, a design example of the vibration damping device according to this embodiment will be described. The target building structure has a floor area of ​​32m x 50m. The mass of each floor is 0.8 ton / m 2 (1280 tons per floor). For the first mode of a 30-story building (total mass 38,400 tons), the equivalent mass is considered to be about 2 / 3 of the total mass, or 25,600 tons. The mass of the TMD is assumed to be 1,800 tons (mass ratio μ = 5%).

[0033] The natural period of a building corresponding to the eaves height is generally 4m x 30 floors x 0.025 seconds / m = 3 seconds. Here, we assume that there is a difference between the two directions, with 3.0 seconds in the long side direction (X direction) and 3.75 seconds in the short side direction.

[0034] As the optimal parameters according to the fixed point theory, the optimal frequency ratio γ of the TMD is defined as the following equation (1), and the damping constant h d is given by the following equation (2).

[0035]

number

[0036]

number

[0037] The optimal period of the TMD in the long side direction is 3.11 seconds, and the optimal stiffness for a mass of 1800 tons is 5.220×10 6 N / m. Damping constant h d is 13%, and the attenuation coefficient is 6.908×10 5 Nsec / m. Similarly, the optimal period of the TMD in the short dimension is 3.89 sec.

[0038] The TMD after the experiment is shown in Figures 4 and 5. The size of the weight 4 is 22m x 10m, the mass is 1800 tons, and the rotational moment of inertia is 6.23 x 10 4 Nton·m 2 The laminated rubber 2, 3 are arranged in two rows (two units each) in the long side direction (X direction) and two rows (two units each) in the short side direction (Y direction). The total stiffness of the laminated rubber 2, 3 in each row in the long side direction (X direction) is equal for the row, and there is no bias in stiffness relative to the centroid. On the other hand, the total stiffness of the laminated rubber 2, 3 in each row in the short side direction (Y direction) differs between the left and right, and the center of stiffness (center of rigidity) is biased with respect to the centroid (which coincides with the center of gravity in this case).

[0039] Here, the stiffness of the first laminated rubber 2 is 6.786×10 5 N / m, and the stiffness of the second laminated rubber 3 is 1.931×10 6 N / m. Since two units are installed in each row in the short side direction (Y direction), the stiffness on the low stiffness side (X1 row) is 1.357×10 6 N / m, and on the high rigidity side (X2 row), it is 3.863 x 10 6 N / m (total 5.220 x 10 6 N / m). In the row in the long side direction (X direction), the sum of the stiffness of the first laminated rubber 2 and the second laminated rubber 3 is 2.610×10 6 N / m (5.220×10 for two rows) 6 N / m, the same as the short side direction (Y direction). In this design example, the laminated rubber 2 and 3 are stacked in three layers to ensure sufficient stroke, so the physical properties are set to about three times the actual value.

[0040] In the X1 row, a first damper 5a is installed between the first laminated rubber 2. In the X2 row, a second damper 5b is installed between the first laminated rubber 2. In the Y1 row and Y2 row, a third damper 5c is installed between the first laminated rubber 2 and the second laminated rubber 3.

[0041] The vibration characteristics of this system can be found as a problem of one-axis eccentricity, with the natural period in the long axis direction being 3.11 seconds, and the natural period of the mode involving rotation in the short axis direction (as shown in Figure 3) being 3.89 seconds. Incidentally, these values ​​are almost equal to the periods required for TMD in the long and short axis directions.

[0042] In addition, the damping can be simply calculated by allocating a necessary damping coefficient in proportion to the stiffness. In analysis, this can be handled simply as stiffness-proportional damping.

[0043] To confirm, the effect will be verified by earthquake response analysis. The analysis model is as follows. The building has a mass of 25,600 tons, a period of 3.75 seconds, and a damping of 1%. The torsional rigidity of the building is assumed to be high, with a single degree of freedom, and the long side direction (period of 3 seconds) will be omitted.

[0044] Case 1 is a case where no TMD is installed. Case 2 is a case where a TMD with the desired period (long side 3.11 seconds and short side 3.89 seconds) and damping is set by giving eccentricity. The analysis model of Case 2 is shown in Figure 6, and the torsional mode of the TMD in Case 2 is shown in Figure 7.

[0045] The following earthquake motions were input into the above model, and the maximum values ​​of the primary system response acceleration and response displacement were compared, as shown in Table 1.

[0046] [Table 1]

[0047] As examples of time history waveforms of the response displacement of the main system, the earthquake response displacement waveform when earthquake wave KA1 is input is shown in Fig. 8, and the earthquake response displacement waveform when earthquake wave OS2 is input is shown in Fig. 9. The input earthquake motion was the five long-period earthquake motions in Table 2. The "vibration control" in Table 1, Fig. 8, and Fig. 9 is the vibration control device according to this embodiment.

[0048] [Table 2]

[0049] Looking at the maximum displacement and maximum acceleration of the building and their waveforms, it can be seen that the TMD of the vibration control device according to this embodiment reduces the seismic response of the main system.

[0050] In the vibration damping device 1 configured in this manner, the sum A1 of the stiffness of the first laminated rubber 2 installed in the X1 row along the Y direction is smaller than the sum A2 of the stiffness of the second laminated rubber 3 installed in the X2 row along the Y direction. Therefore, a shaking vibration mode can be intentionally given to the vibration damping device 1, and a vibration damping effect can be achieved in a structure with different periods in two horizontal directions (X direction and Y direction). In addition, the sums A1 and A2 of the laminated rubbers 2 and 3 only need to be different between the X1 row and the X2 row, making the configuration simple.

[0051] Furthermore, since the rigidity of the first laminated rubber 2 is smaller than the rigidity of the second laminated rubber 3, by installing the same number of first laminated rubbers 2 and second laminated rubbers 3, the sum of the rigidities of the laminated rubbers installed in the X1 row can be made smaller than the sum of the rigidities of the laminated rubbers installed in the X2 row.

[0052] In addition, the sum B1 of the rigidity of the first laminated rubber 2 and the second laminated rubber 3 arranged in the Y1 row along the X direction is equal to the sum B2 of the rigidity of the first laminated rubber 2 and the second laminated rubber 3 arranged in the Y2 row along the X direction. Therefore, since there is no eccentricity between the Y1 row and the Y2 row, it is possible to achieve uniaxial eccentricity, which is easier to control than 2-axial eccentricity.

[0053] (Variation 1) Next, a vibration damping device according to Modification 1 of the above-described embodiment will be described mainly with reference to FIGS. In the following modifications, the same members as those used in the above-described embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.

[0054] As shown in Figs. 10 and 11, one first laminated rubber 2 is installed in row X1. The first laminated rubber 2 is disposed at the midpoint between row Y1 and row Y2. Two linear guides 6 are installed on the X1 row side, specifically on the outer side of row X1 (opposite the center side of the vibration damping device 1 in the X direction). The linear guides 6 are disposed in rows Y3 and Y4 between row Y1 and row Y2. Row Y3 and row Y4 are opposite each other from the center of the vibration damping device 1 in the Y direction, and are equally spaced from the center of the vibration damping device 1 in the Y direction. The linear guides 6 are, for example, guides for guiding movement in the X and Y directions. In order to decenter the center of gravity, the weight 4A is shaped to be biased toward row X1 with respect to the centroid.

[0055] Generally, a TMD requires a large deformation capacity (stroke), but in order to increase the deformation capacity of the laminated rubber 2, 3, the diameter must be made larger, which increases the rigidity. In this modification, the number of first laminated rubber 2 on the low rigidity side is reduced, and a linear guide 6 with smaller resistance than the first laminated rubber 2 is used to stably support the weight of the weight 4A.

[0056] In the vibration damping device 1A configured in this manner, the sum of the stiffness of the first laminated rubber 2 installed in the X1 row along the Y direction is smaller than the sum of the stiffness of the second laminated rubber 3 installed in the X2 row along the Y direction. Therefore, a shaking vibration mode can be intentionally given to the vibration damping device 1, and a vibration damping effect can be achieved in a structure with different periods in two horizontal directions (X direction and Y direction). In addition, a simple configuration can be achieved by simply making the sums of the laminated rubbers 2 and 3 different between the X1 row and the X2 row.

[0057] Furthermore, by installing the linear guide 6 in the X3 row close to the X1 row, the number of first laminated rubber pieces 2 installed in the X1 row can be reduced.

[0058] (Variation 2) Next, a vibration damping device according to a second modification of the above-described embodiment will be described mainly with reference to FIGS. 12 and 13, in this modification, two long sliders 7 are used instead of the linear guides 6, thereby reducing the number of linear guides 6. The sliders 7 are installed in row X4 at the end of the vibration damping device 1 in the X direction. The sliders 7 are arranged in rows Y1 and Y2. The length of the supports 11a1 and 11b1 in the X direction is shortened, a support base 10a is installed on the installation surface 10, and the sliders 7 are installed between the support base 10a and the support 11c.

[0059] In the vibration damping device 1B configured in this manner, the sum of the stiffness of the first laminated rubber 2 installed in the X1 row along the Y direction is smaller than the sum of the stiffness of the second laminated rubber 3 installed in the X2 row along the Y direction. Therefore, a shaking vibration mode can be intentionally given to the vibration damping device 1, and a vibration damping effect can be achieved in a structure with different periods in two horizontal directions (X direction and Y direction). In addition, it is only necessary to make the sums of the laminated rubbers 2 and 3 different between the X1 row and the X2 row, so that a simple configuration can be achieved.

[0060] Furthermore, by installing the sliding sliders 7 in the X4 row close to the X1 row, the number of first laminated rubber members 2 installed in the X1 row can be reduced.

[0061] The assembly procedures, shapes and combinations of the components, etc. shown in the above-described embodiment are merely examples, and various modifications can be made based on design requirements, etc., without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0062] For example, in the embodiment described above, the torsional vibration mode is given by uniaxial eccentricity (having eccentricity in only one of the two horizontal directions), but biaxial eccentricity may also be used in that different natural periods of the TMD are expressed in two directions by utilizing the torsional mode and used to control the building.

[0063] In the embodiment described above, the centroid and center of gravity of the weight 4 of the TMD coincide in plan view, and the centers of stiffness of the laminated rubber 2, 3 are shifted from the centroid and center of gravity of the weight 4 of the TMD, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the plate thickness of the weight 4 may be made uneven, the centroid and center of gravity of the weight 4 may be made different, and the center of stiffness of the laminated rubber 2, 3 may be made to coincide with the centroid of the weight 4 (because the TMD is eccentric). [Explanation of symbols]

[0064] 1, 1A, 1B... Vibration control device 2, 2a, 2b, 2c...First laminated rubber 3,3a,3b,3c…Second laminated rubber 6...Linear guide 7...Slider A1, A2, B1, B2…Sum X1…first row X2…Second row Y1…Third row Y2…Fourth column

Claims

1. A vibration control device installed in a structure, comprising: a sum of stiffnesses of first laminated rubbers arranged in a first row along a first direction in a horizontal plane is smaller than a sum of stiffnesses of second laminated rubbers arranged in a second row different from the first row along the first direction, A vibration damping device in which either a linear guide or a sliding slider is installed on the opposite side to the center in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction in a horizontal plane from the first row.

2. 2. The vibration damping device according to claim 1, wherein the stiffness of the first laminated rubber is smaller than the stiffness of the second laminated rubber.

3. the first laminated rubber and the second laminated rubber are disposed in a third row and a fourth row along the second direction, 3. The vibration damping device according to claim 1, wherein the sum of the rigidity of the first laminated rubber and the second laminated rubber installed in the third row is equal to the sum of the rigidity of the first laminated rubber and the second laminated rubber installed in the fourth row.

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