Light-emitting device, display device, photoelectric conversion device and electronic device

Abstract

To provide a technique advantageous in improving the efficiency of extracting light.SOLUTION: A light-emitting device has a substrate, a lens, and a light-emitting unit arranged between the main surface of the substrate and the lens. The lens functions as a collimator. The light-emitting unit has, from the side of the substrate, a first reflective layer, an organic layer, and a second reflective layer, in this order. The first reflective layer has a convex or concave portion.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a light-emitting device, a display device, a photoelectric conversion device, and an electronic device. [Background technology]

[0002] In order to improve the light extraction efficiency in an organic light-emitting display, Patent Document 1 shows that a lens is placed on the light-emitting part and the diameter of the lens and the distance between the lens and the light-emitting part are adjusted. Patent Document 2 shows that in a light-emitting element having an on-chip microlens that disperses light from an organic layer, a lower electrode layer and an organic layer are formed in a concave shape. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 2017-017013 A [Patent Document 2] JP 2019-133816 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] In order to improve the performance of a light emitting device, it is necessary to extract light emitted from a light emitting portion more efficiently.

[0005] An object of the present invention is to provide a technique that is advantageous for improving the light extraction efficiency. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] A light emitting device according to one aspect of the present invention is a light emitting device having a substrate, a lens, and a light emitting portion disposed between a main surface of the substrate and the lens, the lens functions as a collimator, and the light emitting portion is configured to: Has a recess A first reflective layer, an organic layer, and a second reflective layer in this order; Let a first position be the apex of the lens in a first direction perpendicular to the main surface of the substrate, a second position be the position at which the inclination angle θ of the lens is largest in a cross section that passes through the first position and is parallel to the first direction, a distance from the first position to the second position in a second direction parallel to the main surface of the substrate be r, a distance from the apex of the first reflective layer to the second position in the first direction be H, and a distance from the center to the edge of the light-emitting unit in the second direction be a. When a light ray that passes through the second position and is extracted in a direction perpendicular to the main surface of the substrate is traced from the second position toward the light-emitting unit, a distance that travels in the second direction while traveling a distance H from the second position is L. r <L<r+a Satisfying the relationship . Effect of the Invention

[0007] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a technique that is advantageous for improving the light extraction efficiency. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] 1 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a light emitting device according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Diagram 2] 1 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a light emitting device according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Diagram 3] FIG. 13 shows an example of the configuration of a light emitting device of a comparative example. [Figure 4] 1 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a light emitting device according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Diagram 5] 1 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a light emitting device according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 6] 1 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a light emitting device according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 7] 3A and 3B are diagrams showing examples of the configuration of a reflective layer of the light emitting device according to the present embodiment. [Figure 8] 1 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a light emitting device according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 9A] 9A and 9B are diagrams showing examples of arrangement of light-emitting elements in the light-emitting device of FIG. 8. [Figure 9B] 9A and 9B are diagrams showing examples of arrangement of light-emitting elements in the light-emitting device of FIG. 8. [Figure 9C] 9A and 9B are diagrams showing examples of arrangement of light-emitting elements in the light-emitting device of FIG. 8. [Figure 10] 1 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a light emitting device according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 11] 1 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a light emitting device according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 12] 1 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a light emitting device according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 13] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a display device using the light-emitting device of this embodiment. [Figure 14] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a photoelectric conversion device using a light emitting device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 15]1A to 1C are diagrams illustrating examples of electronic devices using the light-emitting device of this embodiment. [Figure 16] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a display device using the light-emitting device of this embodiment. [Figure 17] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a lighting device using the light-emitting device of the present embodiment. [Figure 18] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a moving object using the light emitting device of the present embodiment. [Figure 19] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a wearable device using the light emitting device of the present embodiment. [Figure 20] 1 shows an image forming apparatus according to the present embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0009] Hereinafter, the embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. Note that the following embodiments do not limit the invention according to the claims. Although the embodiments describe a number of features, not all of these features are essential to the invention, and the features may be combined in any manner. Furthermore, in the attached drawings, the same reference numbers are used for the same or similar configurations, and duplicated descriptions are omitted.

[0010] A light-emitting device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to Figs. 1 to 12. Figs. 1 and 2 are cross-sectional views showing two configuration examples of a lens arranged in the light-emitting device 10 of the present embodiment. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of a lens arranged in a light-emitting device 10' of a comparative example. The light-emitting device 10 includes a substrate 8, a lens 17 having a refractive index n arranged on the main surface of the substrate 8, and a light-emitting section 32 arranged between the main surface of the substrate 8 and the lens 17. A medium layer 35 may be arranged between the light-emitting section 32 and the lens 17. The light-emitting section 32 has a first reflective layer 9, an organic layer 20, and a second reflective layer 11 in this order from the substrate 8 side. The first reflective layer 9 and the second reflective layer 11 may be a first electrode and a second electrode, respectively. In the configuration example of Fig. 1, the first reflective layer 9 is formed in a convex shape. That is, in the configuration example of Fig. 1, the first reflective layer 9 has a convex portion or a convex surface. In the configuration example of Fig. 2, the first reflective layer 9 is formed in a concave shape. That is, in the configuration example of FIG. 2, the first reflective layer 9 has a recess or a concave surface. The configuration example of FIG. 1 and the second configuration example can be understood as examples in which the surface (reflective surface) of the first reflective layer 9 has optical power. In the comparative example of FIG. 3, the first reflective layer 9 is formed in a flat plate shape parallel to the main surface of the substrate. The comparative example of FIG. 3 can be understood as an example in which the surface (reflective surface) of the first reflective layer 9 does not have optical power. That is, the comparative example of FIG. 3 does not have a convex portion or a concave portion. In the embodiment of FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 and the comparative example of FIG. 3, the organic layer 20 and the second reflective layer 11 are formed along the shape of the first reflective layer 9. In FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, in order to explain the shapes of the first reflective layer 9 and the lens 17 in detail, the configuration other than the above is omitted, but the detailed configuration of the light emitting device 10 will be described later.

[0011] The light-emitting section 32 and the lens 17 may be disposed so that their centers overlap in an orthogonal projection onto the main surface P1 of the substrate 8. As shown in Fig. 1, the light-emitting section 32 and the lens 17 may be disposed so that their centers overlap in an orthogonal projection onto the main surface P1 of the substrate 8. Here, the center of the light-emitting section 32 (lens 17) may be defined as the position of the geometric center of gravity of the light-emitting section 32 (lens 17) in an orthogonal projection onto the main surface P1 of the substrate 8. In addition, the center of the light-emitting section 32 (lens 17) may be defined as a region inside a set of positions that bisect a virtual line connecting the center of the light-emitting section 32 (lens 17) and the outer edge of the light-emitting section 32 (lens 17).

[0012] The lens 17 may also be called a microlens. The upper surface of the lens 17 has a curved surface 40 that is convex in a direction away from the main surface P1 of the substrate 8. Light emitted obliquely from the light-emitting unit 32 in an outward direction (a direction away from the center of the light-emitting unit in a plan view from a direction perpendicular to the main surface P1 of the substrate 8) is converted into parallel light (collimated light) by refraction at the curved surface 40 of the lens 17, and can be extracted in the front direction. That is, the lens 17 can function as a collimator. The lens 17 may have a light-collecting property. The lens 17 may have a positive power that converts the light emitted from the light-emitting unit 32 into parallel light or convergent light.

[0013] In this embodiment, the curved surface 40 is a part of a sphere. The convex curved surface 40 includes a vertex (first position) 41 and an end (second position) 42. The vertex 41 of the curved surface 40 is the part of the curved surface 40 constituting the upper surface of the lens 17 that is the farthest from the main surface P1 of the substrate 8. The end 42 of the curved surface 40 is the part that contacts the medium layer 35 of the lens 17 in the configuration shown in FIG. 1. Also, for example, when the outer edge of the lens 17 becomes gentle, the end 42 of the curved surface 40 may be a set of inflection points where the upper surface of the lens 17 changes from the convex curved surface 40 to a concave shape. Alternatively, when the outer edge of the lens 17 becomes gentle, the end 42 of the curved surface 40 may be a set of points where the angle (incline angle θ) between the tangent of the curved surface 40 and the main surface P1 of the substrate 8 is maximum. 1 to 3 show a cross section passing through vertex 41 of curved surface 40 constituting the upper surface of lens 17 and parallel to the normal to main surface P1 of substrate 8. FIG.

[0014] 1, the height difference between the vertex 41 and the end 42 in the normal direction (first direction) of the main surface P1 of the substrate 8 is h [μm] (hereinafter, may be referred to as "distance h"). The distance between the vertex 41 and the end 42 in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface P1 of the substrate 8 (the distance between the vertex 41 and the end 42 in the second direction parallel to the main surface of the substrate 8) is r [μm] (hereinafter, may be referred to as "distance r"). The height difference between the end 42 and the light-emitting section 32 in the normal direction of the main surface P1 of the substrate 8 is H1 [μm] (hereinafter, may be referred to as "distance H1"). The distance from the center of the light-emitting section 32 to the end is a [μm] (hereinafter, may be referred to as "distance a").

[0015] In the case where the lens 17 is not provided, if the shape of the light-emitting portion 32 is a circle with a radius a, the light-emitting area (apparent light-emitting area) when observed from the normal direction (front direction) of the main surface P1 of the substrate 8 is πa 2 On the other hand, in the configuration shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 in which the lens 17 is provided, the apparent light emitting area from the front direction is πr 2 Here, the relationship between the distance r and the distance a is r>a. Therefore, when the lens 17 is provided, the apparent light emitting area is enlarged.

[0016] Below, we consider the path along which light emitted from light-emitting unit 32 is refracted at the interface between lens 17, which has a refractive index n1, and air, which has a refractive index of 1, and then extracted. Here, we assume that the refractive index of medium layer 35 from light-emitting unit 32 to lens 17 is also n1.

[0017] At the end 42 of the curved surface 40, the inclination angle θ of the lens 17 can be the maximum of the curved surface 40. If the curved surface 40 is a spherical surface, the inclination angle θ at the end 42 can be calculated by using the distances h and r, as sinθ=2rh / (r 2 +h 2) is given. Consider a ray of light that is refracted at a point where the curved surface 40 is at an inclination angle θ and is extracted in the front direction (the normal direction of the main surface of the substrate 8). In this case, the angle of incidence α on the curved surface 40 is expressed by n1·sinα=n0·sinθ according to Snell's law, using the refractive index n0 of the layer (here, air) on the light extraction side of the curved surface 40 and the refractive index n1 of the layer on the light emitting section 32 side of the curved surface 40 (lens 17 in this configuration example). In addition, this ray of light has an angle β1 with respect to the front direction inside the layer on the light emitting section 32 side of the curved surface 40 (lens 17 in this configuration example). The angle β1 is given by β1=|θ−α|.

[0018] The emission angle φ from the light-emitting section 32 is defined as the angle between the normal to the reflective surface of the first reflective layer 9 and the light ray, and is in a direction that is a positive value of 0°<φ<90°. In the case of the comparative example shown in Fig. 3, the first reflective layer 9, the organic layer 20, and the second reflective layer 11 are parallel to the main surface P1 of the substrate 8, so that the emission angle φ from the light-emitting section 32 of the light that is refracted at the point of inclination angle θ and extracted in the front direction is equal to β1. In other words, at the end 42 of the curved surface 40, light with an emission angle φ=β1 is extracted in the front direction.

[0019] On the other hand, in the configuration of this embodiment, the first reflective layer 9, the organic layer 20, and the second reflective layer 11 have a convex portion or a concave portion. That is, they have a portion inclined with respect to the main surface of the substrate. In this case, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the emission angle φ from the light emitting section 32 of the light refracted at the point of inclination angle θ and extracted in the front direction is smaller than β1. That is, at the end 42 of the curved surface 40, light with an emission angle φ<β1 is extracted in the front direction.

[0020] In the light-emitting section 32 in the configuration of this embodiment, when the optical distance between a first reflective layer and a second reflective layer described later is optimized in the front direction, the radiation intensity from the light-emitting section 32 may be strongest in the front direction and weaken as the emission angle increases. In this case, compared to the example shown in Fig. 3, the configuration of this embodiment shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 can extract light with a smaller emission angle φ, i.e., light with a relatively strong radiation intensity, in the front direction, and can improve the radiation intensity in the front direction.

[0021] In addition, in the organic light-emitting element used in the light-emitting unit 32, the color purity of light may decrease as the emission angle increases. The greater the angle with respect to the front direction, the greater the decrease in the color purity of the light emitted from the light-emitting unit 32. That is, when comparing the configuration of the present embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 with the configuration of the comparative example shown in FIG. 3, the configuration of the present embodiment that can extract light with a small emission angle φ to the front can increase the front extraction light amount and can extract light with high color purity.

[0022] The preferable relationships of the distances h, r, H1, and a in the present embodiment will be described. Let L be the distance that a light ray traveling from the light-emitting unit 32 toward the end 42 of the curved surface 40 at an angle β1 travels in a direction parallel to the main surface P1 of the substrate 8. Here, in the configuration examples of FIGS. 1 and 2, L may be considered to be approximately equal to H1·tanβ1. The condition for the existence of a light ray traveling from the light-emitting unit 32 toward the end 42 of the curved surface 40 at an angle β1 is to satisfy the following formula (1).

[0023] r - a < L < r + a ··· Formula (1) That is, by satisfying formula (1), there is light that is refracted at the end 42 of the curved surface 40 from the light-emitting unit 32 and extracted in the front direction, and the light extraction efficiency in the front direction is improved compared to the case where formula (1) is not satisfied.

[0024] In addition, in the example of FIG. 1 where the first reflective layer 9 has a convex portion, the condition for the emission angle φ from the light-emitting unit 32 to be smaller than β1 is to satisfy the following formula (2).

[0025] L < r ··· Formula (2) That is, when the first reflective layer 9 has a convex portion, by satisfying formula (2), the emission angle φ can be made smaller compared to the case where the first reflective layer 9 is parallel to the main surface P1 of the substrate 8. As described above, the light extraction efficiency in the front direction is improved, and light with high color purity can be extracted. Furthermore, by satisfying formulas (1) and (2) simultaneously, the light extraction efficiency in the front direction is improved, which is more preferable. That is, when the first reflective layer 9 has a convex portion, it is more preferable to satisfy the following formula (3).

[0026] r - a < L < r ··· Equation (3) On the other hand, in the configuration example of FIG. 2 in which the first reflective layer 9 has a concave portion, the condition for the emission angle φ from the light emitting portion 32 to be smaller than β1 is to satisfy the following equation (4).

[0027] r < L ··· Equation (4) That is, when the first reflective layer 9 has a concave portion, by satisfying Equation (4), the emission angle φ can be made smaller compared to the case where the first reflective layer 9 is parallel to the main surface P1 of the substrate 8. As described above, the light extraction efficiency in the front direction is improved, and light with high color purity can be extracted. Furthermore, by satisfying Equations (1) and (4) simultaneously, the light extraction efficiency in the front direction is improved, which is more preferable. That is, when the first reflective layer 9 has a concave portion, it is more preferable to satisfy the following equation (5).

[0028] r < L < r + a ··· Equation (5) So far, the case where the refractive index of the medium layer 35 disposed between the light emitting portion 32 and the lens 17 is equal to the refractive index of the lens 17 has been described. Hereinafter, the case where the refractive index of the medium layer 35 is different from the refractive index of the lens 17 and the case where the medium layer 35 is composed of a plurality of layers having different refractive indices will be described. The medium layer 35 may be configured by laminating a plurality of layers such as a protective layer, a color filter layer, and a planarization layer.

[0029] FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of an example in which the medium layer 35 is composed of a plurality of layers. Even when the medium layer 35 is composed of a plurality of layers with different refractive indices, the first reflective layer 9 has a convex or concave portion, and thus the same effect as described above can be obtained. That is, even when the medium layer 35 is composed of a plurality of layers with different refractive indices, the emission angle φ from the light emitting section 32 can be made smaller than when the first reflective layer 9 is parallel to the main surface of the substrate, and the light extraction efficiency in the front direction can be improved, and light with high color purity can be extracted. Furthermore, satisfying any one of the formulas (1) to (5) is preferable because it improves the light extraction efficiency in the front direction and also enables light with high color purity to be extracted. Here, the distance L in the formulas (1) to (5) can be approximately calculated by calculating the angle of the light ray in each layer, taking into account the refraction at the interface of each layer. Specifically, in the case of having N layers including the layer of the lens 17, the layer of the lens 17 is set as the first layer, and the refractive index of the i-th layer from there toward the substrate 8 is set as ni, and the light ray angle βi in the i-th layer can be calculated by the following formula (6).

[0030] ni sinβi = n1 sinβ1 Equation (6) The distance Li in each layer that the light ray travels in a direction parallel to the main surface P1 of the substrate 8 can be calculated using the light ray angle βi in each layer as Li = Hi tan βi. Since the distance L can be calculated by adding up the distances Li of each layer from i = 1 to i = N, the distance L can be approximately expressed by the following formula (7).

[0031] L=H1·tanβ1+ H2·tanβ2+···+H N tanβ N ...Equation (7) In other words, when the medium layer 35 is composed of multiple layers having different refractive indices, by using L calculated by formula (7) to satisfy any one of formulas (1) to (5), the light extraction efficiency in the front direction can be improved and light with high color purity can be extracted.

[0032] With reference to FIGS. 5 and 6, the preferred refractive index range of the medium layer when a medium layer having a refractive index different from that of the lens 17 is provided between the light emitting unit 32 and the lens 17 will be described. FIGS. 5 and 6 are diagrams showing a configuration example in the case where medium layers 35a and 35b having different refractive indices are provided between the light emitting unit 32 and the lens 17. Let the refractive index of the medium layer 35a be n2 and the refractive index of the medium layer 35b be n3. For example, the medium layer 35a may be a color filter. Also, for example, the medium layer 35b may be a protective layer.

[0033] In the configuration shown in FIG. 5, the magnitude relationship of the refractive indices is n2 < n1 < n3. Considering the refraction of the light rays emitted obliquely from the light emitting unit 32, according to the magnitude relationship of the refractive indices, the magnitude relationship of the angles a, b, and c is a < c < b. Here, since c < b, the light rays are bent in a direction closer to the front at the interface between the medium layer 35a and the lens 17. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5, the light emitted from the light emitting unit 32 may be emitted from the lens 17 of the adjacent light emitting element in a direction closer to the front. Therefore, crosstalk between the light emitting elements may occur, and the image quality may deteriorate. Also, since the radiation angle from the light emitting unit 32 is large and light with poor color purity is likely to be visually recognized, the color purity may decrease.

[0034] On the other hand, in the configuration shown in FIG. 6, the magnitude relationship of the refractive indices is n1 < n2 < n3. Therefore, the magnitude relationship of the angles a, b, and c is a < b < c, and the light emitted obliquely from the light emitting unit 32 is refracted toward the wider angle side at the interface between the medium layer 35a and the lens 17 and is less likely to be emitted in the front direction. Therefore, a decrease in color purity can be suppressed.

[0035] As described above, by configuring so that no layer having a refractive index smaller than the refractive index n1 of the lens 17 is disposed between the light-emitting section 32 and the lens 17, crosstalk between light-emitting elements and a decrease in color purity can be suppressed. For example, in the configuration shown in FIG. 6, the refractive index n1 of the lens 17 and the refractive index n2 of the medium layer 35a may satisfy the relationship n1≦n2. Furthermore, the refractive index n3 of the medium layer 35b disposed between the medium layer 35a and the light-emitting section 32 may satisfy the relationship n1≦n3. Furthermore, the refractive index n3 of the medium layer 35b may satisfy the relationship n2≦n3.

[0036] Next, a preferred range of the width a of the opening of the light-emitting section 32 will be described. As described above, the light extraction efficiency improvement effect of the lens 17 is due to the expansion of the apparent light-emitting area by providing the lens 17. Therefore, it is considered that the efficiency improvement effect is approximately proportional to the ratio of the apparent light-emitting area to the area of ​​the opening of the light-emitting section 32. In other words, the greater the ratio r / a of the horizontal distance r from the apex (first position) 41 to the end (second position) 42 of the lens 17 to the width a of the opening, the greater the efficiency improvement effect and the greater the power consumption reduction effect. In order to exert the power consumption reduction effect, it is preferable that r / a>1, more preferably r / a>1.5, and even more preferably r / a>2.

[0037] On the other hand, light emitted from the outer region of the opening of the light-emitting unit 32 is refracted by the lens 17 and extracted to the wider angle side. That is, the larger the width a of the opening, the more light is extracted to the wider angle side. Therefore, the larger the width a of the opening, the better the viewing angle characteristics. From the viewpoint of improving the viewing angle characteristics, it is preferable that r / a<5, and more preferably that r / a<4.

[0038] Next, the preferable range of values ​​of the vertical distance h and the horizontal distance r from the apex (first position) 41 to the end (second position) 42 of the lens 17 will be described. When h=r, that is, h / r=1, if the curved portion of the lens 17 is spherical, the inclination angle θ at the end 42 is 90 degrees. A light ray that passes through the end 42 with θ of 90 degrees and is emitted toward the front is light that is incident at a critical angle. When a configuration is made such that this light ray satisfies any of the formulas (1) to (5), the light that is emitted from a region of the light emitting section 32 that is farther away from the center of the light emitting section 32 than |Lr| and reaches the end 42 is totally reflected at the end 42 and is not extracted from the lens 17. Therefore, the extraction efficiency is suppressed. Therefore, it is preferable to make h / r<1 because the extraction efficiency is improved.

[0039] In addition, the larger the h / r, the larger the lens aberration becomes, which may result in some light rays that cannot be effectively extracted, and thus the light extraction efficiency may decrease. Therefore, the smaller the h / r, the better, and it is preferable that h / r<0.95, and more preferably that h / r<0.8.

[0040] Next, a preferred shape of the first reflective layer 9 will be described with reference to FIG. 7. FIG. 7(a) is a schematic diagram of the first reflective layer 9 and its related parts in the configuration example of FIG. 1. FIG. 7(b) is a schematic diagram of the first reflective layer 9 and its related parts in the configuration example of FIG. 2. FIG. 7(c)-(e) are schematic diagrams showing the first reflective layer 9 and its related parts in another configuration example of this embodiment. As described above, the first reflective layer 9 has a convex portion or a concave portion, and the surface (reflecting surface) of the first reflective layer 9 has optical power. The examples of FIG. 7(a) and (c) have a convex portion, and the examples of FIG. 7(b), (d), and (e) have a concave portion. The convex portion or the concave portion has a reflecting surface inclined with respect to the main surface P1 of the substrate 8 on the light extraction side. This inclination can reduce the emission angle φ from the light emitting portion, and as described above, the light extraction efficiency is improved, and light with high color purity can be extracted. In the following, as shown in FIG. 7, the inclination angle θ1 of the tangent of the reflecting surface with respect to the main surface P1 of the substrate 8 is defined as a positive value in the range of 0°<θ1<90°.

[0041] The first reflective layer 9 only needs to have a reflective surface on the light extraction side that is inclined with respect to the main surface P1 of the substrate 8, and the inclination angle θ1 may increase continuously from the center of the first reflective layer 9 toward the outside as in the examples of Figures 7(a) and 7(b). Alternatively, the inclination angle θ1 may be constant as in the examples of Figures 7(c) and 7(d). Alternatively, the inclination angle θ1 may change discontinuously as in the example of Figure 7(e).

[0042] Hereinafter, a preferred range of the inclination angle θ1 of the reflecting surface, which is the surface of the first reflecting layer 9, will be described. N The ray angle β in the Nth medium layer of the light transmitted through the end 42 of the curved surface 40 and extracted in the front direction is N As shown in equation (6), n N ·sinβ N In the comparative example configuration in which the reflective surface of the first reflective layer 9 is a plane (θ1=0°) parallel to the main surface P1 of the substrate 8, the emission angle φ of the light ray from the light emitting section 32 is given by φ=β N In the case of the configuration of this embodiment where θ1>0°, the emission angle φ is φ=|β N -θ1|. Therefore, θ1<2·β N In other words, the shape of the reflecting surface of the first reflecting layer 9 is such that the inclination angle θ1 at the position where the light transmitted through the end 42 of the curved surface 40 and extracted in the front direction is emitted is 0<θ1<2·β N By making the shape satisfy the relationship, the light extraction efficiency is improved and light with high color purity can be extracted. N The closer the value of |-θ1| is to 0, the greater the effect of improving the light extraction efficiency and color purity, which is preferable. In order to satisfy this relationship, for example, the inclination angle θ1 at the portion where the inclination angle θ1 of the reflection surface of the first reflection layer 9 in the light-emitting section is maximum is set to 0<θ1<2·β N and may further be 0.5·β N <θ1<1.5·β N It may be.

[0043] As a method for forming the convex or concave portions of the first reflective layer 9, a metal layer may be formed on the flat substrate 8, and then a photolithography method and an etching method may be combined to form the shape of the convex or concave portions. Alternatively, the convex or concave portions of the first reflective layer 9 may be formed by forming a convex or concave portion on the substrate 8 in advance using a photolithography method and an etching method, and then forming a metal layer along the shape of the convex or concave portions. Figures 7(a), (c), (d), and (e) show examples of a configuration using a flat substrate 8, and Figure 7(b) shows an example of a configuration using a substrate 8 on which a concave portion has been formed in advance.

[0044] A more specific configuration example of the light emitting device 10 will be described with reference to FIG. 8. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view passing through the vertex 41 of the curved surface 40 of the lens 17. As shown in FIG. 8, the light emitting device 10 may include a substrate 8, a first reflective layer (first electrode) 9, an organic layer 20, a second reflective layer (second electrode) 11, an insulating layer 12, a protective layer 13, a planarization layer 14, a color filter 15, a planarization layer 16, and a lens 17. In this configuration example, the first reflective layer 9 and the second reflective layer 11 function as a first electrode and a second electrode, respectively. The first reflective layer 9 as the first electrode is disposed on the substrate 8. The first reflective layer 9 as the first electrode may also be called a lower electrode. The organic layer 20 includes a light emitting layer containing a light emitting material. A part of the organic layer 20 (light emitting layer) functions as the light emitting section 32 described above. The organic layer 20 is disposed between the substrate 8 and the lens 17 so as to cover the first reflective layer 9 as the first electrode. The second reflective layer 11 as the second electrode is disposed on the organic layer 20. The second reflective layer 11 as the second electrode may also be called an upper electrode. The organic layer 20 (light-emitting layer) emits light due to a potential difference between the first electrode (first reflective layer 9) and the second electrode (second reflective layer 11). The insulating layers 12 are disposed between the adjacent first electrodes (first reflective layers 9) so that the adjacent first electrodes (first reflective layers 9) are insulated from each other. The insulating layer 12 may also be called a bank. The insulating layer 12 is disposed on the outer edge of the upper portion of the first electrode (first reflective layer 9). An exposed portion of the first electrode (first reflective layer 9) that is not covered by the insulating layer 12 contacts the organic layer 20. A portion of the organic layer 20 that contacts the first electrode (first reflective layer 9) may be the above-mentioned light-emitting portion 32. 8, the light emitting device 10 may be provided with a plurality of light emitting sections 32 each corresponding to a plurality of first electrodes (first reflective layers 9). The protective layer 13 is provided on the second electrode (second reflective layer 11), and the planarization layer 14 is provided on the protective layer 13. The color filter 15 may be provided on the planarization layer 14 so as to correspond to each of the plurality of light emitting sections 32. The planarization layer 16 is provided on the color filter 15. The lens 17 is provided on the planarization layer 16. The lens 17 is provided so as to correspond to each of the plurality of light emitting sections 32.

[0045] The material used for the substrate 8 is not particularly limited as long as it can support each component of the light emitting device 10, such as the first electrode (first reflective layer 9), the organic layer 20, and the second electrode (second reflective layer 11). For example, glass, plastic, silicon, etc. may be used as the material for the substrate 8. Switching elements such as transistors, wiring patterns, interlayer insulating films, etc. may be provided on the substrate 8.

[0046] The first electrode (first reflective layer 9) may be transparent or opaque. When the first electrode (first reflective layer 9) is opaque, the material of the first electrode (first reflective layer 9) may be a metal material having a reflectance of 70% or more for the wavelength of light emitted from the light emitting section 32. For example, the material of the first electrode (first reflective layer 9) may be a metal such as Al or Ag, or an alloy of Al or Ag with Si, Cu, Ni, Nd, or the like. The first electrode may be a transparent electrode such as ITO, IZO, AZO, IGZO, or the like, in which case the first electrode and the first reflective layer 9 may be laminated. The first electrode (first reflective layer 9) may be a laminated electrode with a barrier electrode such as a metal such as Ti, W, Mo, or Au or an alloy thereof, or may be a laminated electrode with a transparent oxide film electrode such as ITO or IZO, as long as the required reflectance is obtained. In order to optimize the optical distance described later, the first reflective layer 9 as the first electrode may adopt a configuration in which an insulating film is provided between the reflective layer and the transparent conductive film.

[0047] The second electrode (second reflective layer 11) may be a semi-transparent electrode having a property of transmitting a part of the light that reaches the second reflective layer 11 and reflecting the other part (i.e., semi-transparent reflectivity). A transparent material such as a transparent conductive oxide may be used as the material of the second electrode (second reflective layer 11). Also, a semi-transparent material made of a single metal (Al, Ag, Au, etc.), an alkali metal (Li, Cs, etc.), an alkaline earth metal (Mg, Ca, Ba, etc.), an alloy material containing these metal materials, etc. may be used as the material of the second electrode (second reflective layer 11). When a semi-transparent material is used as the material of the second electrode (second reflective layer 11), an alloy mainly containing Mg or Ag may be used as the semi-transparent material. If the second electrode (second reflective layer 11) has an appropriate transmittance, the second electrode (second reflective layer 11) may have a laminated structure of multiple layers made of the above-mentioned materials. In the configuration shown in FIG. 8, a second electrode (second reflective layer 11) is provided that is common to multiple light emitting sections 32. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a plurality of second electrodes (second reflective layers 11) corresponding to the plurality of light emitting sections 32, respectively, may be provided.

[0048] One of the first electrode (first reflective layer 9) and the second electrode (second reflective layer 11) functions as an anode, and the other of the first electrode (first reflective layer 9) and the second electrode (second reflective layer 11) functions as a cathode. For example, the first electrode may function as an anode, and the second electrode may function as a cathode. Alternatively, the first electrode may function as a cathode, and the second electrode may function as an anode.

[0049] The organic layer 20 can be formed by a known technique such as a vapor deposition method or a spin coating method. The organic layer 20 may be composed of a plurality of layers. When the organic layer 20 is an organic compound layer, the organic layer 20 may be composed of at least one of a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an electron blocking layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer, and the like, in addition to a light-emitting layer.

[0050] The light-emitting layer emits light by recombining holes injected from the anode and electrons injected from the cathode in the light-emitting layer. The light-emitting layer may be a single layer or multiple layers. For example, when a light-emitting layer containing a red light-emitting material, a light-emitting layer containing a green light-emitting material, and a light-emitting layer containing a blue light-emitting material are combined, the light (red light, green light, and blue light) from each light-emitting layer is mixed to obtain white light. Two types of light-emitting layers whose emission colors are complementary to each other (for example, a light-emitting layer containing a blue light-emitting material and a light-emitting layer containing a yellow light-emitting material) may be combined. In the light-emitting device 10 shown in FIG. 8, a configuration is shown in which each light-emitting section 32 emits white light and is colored by the color filter 15. However, this is not limited to this. The material contained in the light-emitting layer and the configuration of the light-emitting layer may be different for each light-emitting section 32 so that the light-emitting layer emits light of a different color for each light-emitting section 32. In that case, the light-emitting layer may be patterned for each light-emitting section 32.

[0051] Alternatively, the organic layer 20 may have a so-called tandem structure in which a plurality of light-emitting layers and a charge generating layer provided between the plurality of light-emitting layers are included. By using the tandem structure, the plurality of light-emitting layers can emit light simultaneously, and the luminous efficiency can be improved.

[0052] The light emitting device 10 includes a first reflective layer 9 arranged between an organic layer 20 including a light emitting layer and a main surface P1 of a substrate 8, and a second reflective layer 11 arranged between the organic layer 20 including a light emitting layer and a lens 17. The first reflective layer 9 may be a first electrode, or may be a metal layer or the like arranged between the first electrode and the substrate 8. The second reflective layer 11 may be a second electrode, or may be a semi-transmissive reflective layer arranged between the second electrode and the lens 17 and having a property of transmitting a part of the light that reaches the second reflective layer 11 and reflecting the other part (i.e., semi-transmissive reflectivity).

[0053] In order to optimize the optical distance between the first reflective surface, which is the upper surface of the first reflective layer 9, and the light-emitting region (light-emitting position) of the organic layer 20 including the light-emitting layer, it is sufficient to satisfy the following formula (8). In formula (8), Lr is the optical path length (optical distance) from the first reflective surface, which is the upper surface of the first reflective layer 9, to the light-emitting position of the organic layer 20, Φr is the phase shift when light of wavelength λ is reflected by the first reflective surface, and m is an integer equal to or greater than 0. The film thickness between the first reflective layer 9 and the organic layer, the film thickness of each layer of the organic layer, and the like may be optimized so as to satisfy formula (8).

[0054] Lr=(2×m-(Φr / π))×(λ / 4) ···(8) Furthermore, the optical distance Ls from the light emission position to the second reflective surface, which is the lower surface of the second reflective layer 11, satisfies the following formula (9), where Φs is the phase shift caused when light of wavelength λ is reflected by the second reflective surface.

[0055] Ls = (2 × m'-(Φs / π)) × (λ / 4) =-(Φs / π)×(λ / 4) (9) Therefore, the total layer interference L satisfies the following formula (10): In formula (10), Φ is the sum of the phase shift Φr and the phase shift Φs.

[0056] L=Lr+L=(2×m-Φ / π)×(λ / 4) ···(10) Here, in the above formulas (8) to (10), the allowable range is about λ / 8 or about 20 nm. Since it may be difficult to specify the light-emitting position of the organic layer 20, in the above example, the light-emitting position is substituted with the interface on the first reflecting surface side or the interface on the second reflecting surface side of the light-emitting layer. Considering the allowable range, even when substituted in this way, the effect of strengthening the light can be obtained.

[0057] The protective layer 13, the planarization layer 14, the color filter 15, and the planarization layer 16 constitute the above-mentioned medium layer 35. The protective layer 13 is a dielectric layer. The protective layer 13 is also light-transmitting. Furthermore, the protective layer 13 may contain an inorganic material that has low permeability to oxygen and moisture from the outside of the light-emitting device 10. For example, the protective layer 13 may be made of silicon nitride (SiN), silicon oxynitride (SiON), silicon oxide (SiO x In terms of protection performance, the protective layer 13 may be made of an inorganic material such as SiN, SiON, or Al2O3. The protective layer 13 may be formed by a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method, an atomic layer deposition (ALD) method, a sputtering method, or the like.

[0058] The protective layer 13 may have a single layer structure using the above-mentioned materials, or a laminate structure combining the above-mentioned materials, so long as it has sufficient moisture blocking performance. For example, the protective layer 13 may have a laminate structure of a silicon nitride layer formed using a CVD method and another layer (e.g., Al2O3) having a high density formed using an ALD method. Furthermore, the protective layer 13 may include an organic layer so long as it has moisture blocking performance. For example, polyacrylate, polyimide, polyester, epoxy, etc. may be used for the organic layer. Furthermore, although the protective layer 13 common to the multiple light emitting sections 32 is provided in the configuration shown in FIG. 8, multiple protective layers 13 corresponding to the multiple light emitting sections 32 may be provided.

[0059] The lens 17 can be formed by an exposure process and a development process. Specifically, a material film (e.g., a photoresist film) of the lens 17 is formed, and the photoresist film is exposed and developed using a mask having a continuous gradation change. A gray mask can be used as a mask used for forming the lens 17. An area gradation mask that enables light irradiation with a continuous gradation change on the imaging surface by changing the density distribution of dots of a light-shielding film below the resolution of an exposure device can also be used as a mask used for forming the lens 17. In addition, the lens shape can be adjusted by performing an etch-back on the lens 17 formed by the exposure process and the development process. As described above, the upper surface of the lens 17 only needs to have a curved surface 40 having light-collecting properties, and the curved surface 40 may be a part of a spherical surface or may be an aspherical surface.

[0060] A light-emitting element is configured by combining the light-emitting portion 32, the curved surface 40 of the lens 17, and the like. When a plurality of light-emitting elements are provided, the planar arrangement of the plurality of light-emitting elements (arrangement when viewed from the normal direction of the main surface of the substrate 8) may be any of an arrangement such as a stripe arrangement, a square arrangement, a delta arrangement, a pentile arrangement, and a Bayer arrangement. FIGS. 9A to 9C are plan views of the light-emitting device 10 viewed from the lens 17 side, showing an example of a planar arrangement of a plurality of light-emitting elements. FIG. 9A shows an example of a delta arrangement. FIG. 9B shows an example of a stripe arrangement. FIG. 9C shows an example of a Bayer arrangement. Here, consider a case where the light-emitting device 10 is used as a display panel, and one pixel (main pixel) includes a plurality of sub-pixels (for example, a sub-pixel that displays red, a sub-pixel that displays green, and a sub-pixel that displays blue) corresponding to different color components. In this case, as shown in FIG. 9B, a plurality of light-emitting elements may be arranged in one sub-pixel. The size and shape of the curved surface 40 of the lens 17 may be appropriately set according to the method of planar arrangement of the plurality of light-emitting elements. For example, when a delta arrangement is adopted, the area occupied by the curved surface 40 of the lens 17 can be set large relative to the sub-pixel, and the light extraction efficiency can be increased.

[0061] In the configuration shown in Figs. 9A to 9C, the planar shape of the light-emitting section 32 (the shape when viewed from the normal direction of the main surface of the substrate 8) is circular, but the planar shape of the light-emitting section 32 is not limited to this. The planar shape of the light-emitting section 32 may be a polygon such as a rectangle or a hexagon. However, if the planar shape of the light-emitting section 32 is circular, the relationship of the inclination angle in the direction from the end of the light-emitting section 32 to the end 42 of the curved surface 40 of the lens 17 will be equal in all cross sections obtained by the plane in the normal direction of the main surface of the substrate 8 that passes through the vertex 41 of the curved surface 40. This may facilitate the design of the light-emitting device 10.

[0062] 10, the lens 17 may be formed so that the end 42 of the curved surface 40 constituting the upper surface of the lens 17 has a thickness (so that adjacent lenses 17 partially overlap). In this case, the end 42 of the curved surface 40 may be a collection of portions where the inclination between adjacent lenses 17 is 0° (parallel to the main surface of the substrate 8).

[0063] As described above, a configuration in which light of different colors is transmitted by the lens 17 may be adopted. In the light-emitting device 10, full-color display is possible. As a method for realizing full-color display, a method using a light-emitting layer that emits white light and a color filter 15 may be adopted. Since the light-emitting layer can be made common between the plurality of light-emitting sections 32, the manufacturing process of the light-emitting layer is easier than when the light-emitting layer is patterned to emit light of different colors for each light-emitting section 32. However, the light-emitting layer may be patterned so that the plurality of light-emitting sections 32 emit light of different colors. In addition, the optical path length L (optical path lengths Lr, Ls) between the first reflection layer and the second reflection layer described above may be made different for each light-emitting section 32 that emits different colors.

[0064] As described above, the center of the lens 17 can be arranged so as to overlap with the center of the light-emitting section 32 in orthogonal projection onto the main surface of the substrate 8. As shown in FIG. 8, the center of the light-emitting section 32 and the center of the lens 17 may be arranged so as to overlap with each other in orthogonal projection onto the main surface of the substrate 8. On the other hand, the center of the light-emitting section 32 and the center of the lens 17 may be arranged so as to be shifted from each other in order to increase the light extraction efficiency in a specific direction. They may be arranged so as to be shifted in the same direction throughout the light-emitting device 10, or they may be arranged so that the center of the light-emitting section 32 and the center of the lens 17 overlap with each other near the center of the light-emitting device 10, and the shift between the center of the light-emitting section 32 and the center of the lens 17 becomes larger toward the outside of the light-emitting device 10.

[0065] In this embodiment, the color filter 15 is provided on the planarization layer 14, but the color filter 15 may be provided on the protective layer 13. For example, the planarization layer 14 may not be provided, and the color filter 15 and the protective layer 13 may be continuous. In addition, for example, the color filter 15 and the protective layer 13 may be integrated. The color filter 15 of the light emitting device 10 may be formed by forming the color filter 15 on a support substrate separate from the substrate 8 and attaching it to face the protective layer 13.

[0066] The planarization layer 14 is provided to planarize the unevenness of the upper surface of the protective layer 13. By disposing the planarization layer 14, the color filters 15 can be formed by using a photolithography process in a highly accurate alignment with respect to each of the light-emitting sections 32. Also, as described above, by omitting the planarization layer 14 and integrating the color filters 15 and the protective layer 13, the color filters 15 can be formed by using a photolithography process in a highly accurate alignment with respect to the light-emitting sections 32.

[0067] 8, color filters 15r, 15g, and 15b may transmit light of different colors. For example, color filter 15r may transmit red light, color filter 15g may transmit green light, and color filter 15b may transmit blue light. Some or all of the color filters 15 may be omitted. In that case, a different light-emitting layer in the organic layer 20 is made for each light-emitting element, and the color of light emitted by the light-emitting section 32 may be different, thereby enabling full-color display.

[0068] In this embodiment, the lens 17 is provided on the planarization layer 16. The planarization layer 16 is provided to planarize the unevenness of the upper surface of the color filter 15. However, the lens 17 may be provided on the color filter 15. In that case, the planarization layer 16 does not have to be provided. Furthermore, the lens 17 and the color filter 15 may be integrated together.

[0069] Furthermore, the lens 17 may be provided on the protective layer 13 without disposing the color filter 15 or the planarization layers 14 and 16. For example, the lens 17 and the protective layer 13 may be integrated. When the lens 17 and the protective layer 13 are integrated, the distance from the lens 17 to the light emitting section 32 can be made shorter than when the lens 17 is formed on a separate substrate and bonded to face the protective layer 13. As a result, the solid angle of the light incident from the light emitting section 32 to the lens 17 can be widened, and the light extraction efficiency is improved. By integrating the lens 17 and the protective layer 13, the curved surface 40 of the lens 17 can be formed in a highly accurate position relative to the light emitting section 32. Also, for example, by integrating the color filter 15, the lens 17, and the protective layer 13, the light emitting section 32, the color filter 15, and the lens 17 can be aligned with each other with high accuracy.

[0070] The stacking order of the color filter 15 and the lens 17 can be selected as appropriate. In the configuration shown in Fig. 8, the color filter 15 is provided on the side of the lens 17 closer to the light-emitting section 32. In this configuration, the light emitted from the light-emitting section 32 passes through the color filter 15 before entering the lens 17. As a result, light that causes a decrease in color purity (light having a large emission angle from the light-emitting section) passes through the color filter 15 for a relatively long distance. Therefore, the decrease in color purity when the light-emitting device 10 is observed from an oblique direction can be further suppressed.

[0071] Also, the color filter 15 and the lens 17 may be formed on a support substrate other than the substrate 8, and then bonded to the substrate 8 having the light-emitting portion 32 so as to face each other to produce the light-emitting device 10. By forming the color filter 15 and the lens 17 separately from the organic layer 20 (light-emitting layer), the degree of freedom in the processing method (e.g., temperature, etc.) when forming the color filter 15 and the lens 17 is increased, and the degree of freedom in the design of the color filter 15 and the lens 17 can be increased. The color filter 15 and the lens 17 may be continuously formed on one support substrate, or the color filter 15 and the lens 17 may be formed on separate support substrates. The lens 17 and the color filter 15 can be bonded to the substrate 8 using a bonding member such as an adhesive. The bonding member may be disposed on the planarization layer 14, or may be disposed on the protective layer 13 when the planarization layer 14 is not disposed.

[0072] The lens 17 may be formed on a support substrate separate from the substrate 8, and may be bonded to the substrate 8 having the light-emitting portion 32 so as to face the substrate 8. In this case, the lens 17 may be fixed to the substrate 8 at the end of the light-emitting device 10 by a bonding member such as an adhesive so as to provide a space between the lens 17 and the protective layer 13 (or the color filter 15). In this case, the space may be filled with a resin. The refractive index of the resin may be smaller than the refractive index n of the lens 17.

[0073] An embodiment of the light emitting device 10 will now be described.

[0074] (First Example) First, aluminum was formed on the substrate 8, and this was patterned into a shape having a convex portion by photolithography and etching to form a first reflective layer 9 as a plurality of first electrodes. Next, silicon oxide with a thickness of 65 nm was formed as a material film for the insulating layer 12 so as to cover each of the plurality of first reflective layers 9. An opening exposing the first reflective layer 9 was formed in the center of each of the plurality of first reflective layers 9 in the formed material film, thereby forming the insulating layer 12. The shape of the opening exposing the first reflective layer 9 was a circle with a radius of 2.0 μm. As described above, the opening arranged in the insulating layer 12 finally corresponds to the light emitting portion 32. That is, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface P1 of the substrate 8, the size and shape of the opening can be consistent with the size and shape of the light emitting portion 32. The inclination angle of the first reflective layer 9 at the end of the opening with respect to the main surface P1 of the substrate 8 was 30 degrees.

[0075] After forming the insulating layer 12, an organic layer 20 was formed on the plurality of first reflective layers 9 and the insulating layer 12. Specifically, compound 1 (see the next paragraph, the same applies to other compounds) was formed with a thickness of 3 nm as a hole injection layer. Compound 2 was formed with a thickness of 15 nm as a hole transport layer on the hole injection layer. Compound 3 was formed with a thickness of 10 nm as an electron block layer on the hole transport layer. Next, a first light-emitting layer was formed with a thickness of 10 nm so that compound 4 as a host material was 97% by weight and compound 5 as a light-emitting dopant was 3% by weight. Next, a second light-emitting layer was formed with a thickness of 10 nm so that compound 4 as a host material was 98% by weight and compound 6 and compound 7 as light-emitting dopants were each 1% by weight. Next, compound 8 was formed with a thickness of 110 nm as an electron transport layer on the second light-emitting layer. Next, lithium fluoride was formed as an electron injection layer to a thickness of 1 nm on the electron transport layer.

[0076] [ka]

[0077] After the organic layer 20 was formed, a MgAg alloy was formed on the organic layer 20 to a thickness of 10 nm as the second reflective layer 11 serving as the second electrode. The ratio of Mg to Ag was 1:1. Then, a SiN film having a refractive index of 1.97 was formed on the second reflective layer 11 serving as the second electrode to a thickness of 2.0 μm using a CVD method as the protective layer 13. Next, a planarization layer 14 having a refractive index of 1.55 was formed on the protective layer 13 to a thickness of 0.2 μm using a spin coat method.

[0078] Next, a color filter 15 having a refractive index of 1.65 was formed to a thickness of 1.6 μm on the planarization layer 14. The color filter 15r was a color filter that transmits red light, the color filter 15g was a color filter that transmits green light, and the color filter 15b was a color filter that transmits blue light. After the color filter 15 was formed, a planarization layer 16 having a refractive index of 1.55 was formed to a thickness of 0.2 μm on the color filter 15 by using a spin coat method.

[0079] Next, a lens 17 with a refractive index of 1.52 was formed on the flattening layer 16 using an exposure process and a development process. The curved surface 40 of the lens 17 was a part of a spherical surface. The distance h, which is the difference in height between the vertex 41 and the end 42 of the curved surface 40 in the normal direction to the main surface of the substrate 8, was 2.3 μm, and the distance r between the vertex 41 and the end of the curved surface 40 in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface of the substrate 8 was 3.4 μm.

[0080] In the light emitting device 10 as described above, the inclination angle θ of the end 42 of the lens 17 (curved surface 40) and the incidence angle α of the light beam extracted to the front are expressed as sinθ=2rh / (r 2 +h 2 ), n1·sinα=n0·sinθ, where θ=68.2° and α=37.6°, respectively. The ray angle β1 in the lens layer is β1=θ-α=30.5°.

[0081] The ray angles β2 in the planarization layer 16, β3 in the color filter 15, β4 in the planarization layer 14, and β5 in the protective layer 13 are calculated from the refractive indices n2 to n5 of the respective layers by ni·sinβi = n1·sinβ1. Respectively, β2 = 29.9°, β3 = 27.9°, β4 = 29.9°, and β5 = 23.1°.

[0082] Consider the case where a ray passing through the end 42 of the lens 17 (curved surface 40) and taken out in a direction perpendicular to the main surface P1 of the substrate 8 is traced from the end 42 in the direction of the light emitting portion 32. In this case, when advancing a distance H in the first direction which is the normal direction of the main surface P1 from the end 42, the distance L advanced in the second direction which is a direction parallel to the main surface P1 is calculated by L = H1·tanβ1 + H2·tanβ2 + ··· + H5·tanβ5. In this embodiment, since H1 = 0μm, H2 = 0.2μm, H3 = 1.6μm, H4 = 0.2μm, and H5 = 2.0μm, L is calculated to be 1.93μm. As described above, r and a are r = 3.4μm and a = 2.0μm, so the relationship r - a < L < r is satisfied.

[0083] As a result, the manufactured light emitting device 10 was able to increase the front extraction light amount and extract light with high color purity.

[0084] (Example 2) Next, the light emitting device 10 of Example 2 will be described. In Example 1, the first reflective layer 9 as the first electrode had a convex portion and the thickness of the planarization layer 16 was 0.2μm. In this example, the first reflective layer 9 as the first electrode has a concave portion and the thickness of the planarization layer 16 is 3.5μm. Other configurations are the same as those in Example 1. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of the light emitting device 10 of this example, passing through the vertex 41 of the curved surface 40 of the lens 17. The inclination angle of the reflective layer 9 as the first electrode with respect to the main surface of the substrate 8 at the end of the opening was 25 degrees.

[0085] Since the distance h, distance r, and refractive index n of the lens 17 are the same as those in Example 1, the inclination angle θ, incident angle α, and angle β1 are the same as those in Example 1, i.e., θ = 68.2°, α = 37.6°, and β1 = 30.5°. When tracing the light ray that passes through the end portion 42 of the lens 17 (curved surface 40) and is taken out in the direction perpendicular to the main surface of the substrate from the second position toward the light emitting portion, when advancing a distance H in the first direction from the second position, the distance L advanced in the second direction is calculated to be 3.82 μm. Since r and a are as described above, r = 3.4 μm and a = 2.0 μm, the relationship of r < L < r + a is satisfied.

[0086] As a result, the manufactured light emitting device 10 was able to increase the front extraction light amount and extract light with high color purity.

[0087] (Example 3) Next, the light emitting device 10 of Example 3 will be described. In Example 3, the color filter 15, the planarization layer 16, and the lens 17 are provided on the opposing substrate. FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of the light emitting device 10 of the present embodiment, passing through the vertex 41 of the curved surface 40 of the lens 17.

[0088] From the substrate 8 to the planarization layer 14, it was fabricated in the same manner as in Example 1. Next, on a substrate 18 different from the substrate 8, a color filter 15 with a refractive index of 1.65 was formed with a thickness of 1.6 μm. The color filter 15r is a color filter that transmits red light, the color filter 15g is a color filter that transmits green light, and the color filter 15b is a color filter that transmits blue light. After forming the color filter 15, a planarization layer 16 with a refractive index of 1.55 was formed on the color filter 15 with a thickness of 0.2 μm using the spin coating method.

[0089] Next, a lens 17 with a refractive index of 1.7 was formed on the planarization layer 16 using an exposure process and a development process. The curved surface 40 of the lens 17 was made a part of a spherical surface. Also, the distance h, which is the height difference between the vertex 41 and the end portion 42 of the curved surface 40 in the normal direction of the main surface of the substrate 8, was set to 2 μm, and the distance r between the vertex 41 of the curved surface 40 and the end portion in the orthographic projection onto the main surface of the substrate 8 was set to 3.4 μm.

[0090] Next, it was fixed via a resin layer 19 with a refractive index of 1.52 so that the center of the lens 17 overlapped with the center of the light-emitting portion in plan view. The maximum thickness of the resin layer 19, that is, the distance in the normal direction of the main surface of the substrate 8 of the flattening layer 14 from the end portion of the lens was set to 4.1 μm.

[0091] In the configuration of this embodiment, the inclination angle θ of the end portion 42 of the lens 17 (curved surface 40) is sinθ = 2rh / (r 2 +h 2 ) and thus θ = 60.9°. Also, let the refractive index of the layer (lens 17) on the light extraction side of the curved surface 40 be n0, and the refractive index of the layer (resin layer 19) on the light-emitting portion side of the curved surface 40 be n1. In this case, for the incident angle α of the light ray taken out to the front surface to the curved surface 40 and the light ray angle β1 in the resin layer 19, from n1·sinα = n0·sinθ and β1 = α - θ, α = 77.8°, β1 = 16.9°. The light ray angle β2 in the protective layer 13 is β2 = 13.0° from n2·sinβ2 = n1·sinβ1.

[0092] The distance L is calculated by L = H1·tanβ1 + H2·tanβ2. In this embodiment, since H1 = 4.1 μm and H2 = 2.0 μm, L is calculated to be 1.71 μm. As r and a are as described above, r = 3.4 μm and a = 2.0 μm, the relationship of r - a < L < r is satisfied. As a result, the fabricated light-emitting device 10 was able to increase the light amount taken out to the front surface and was able to take out light with high color purity. Here, application examples in which the light-emitting device 10 of this embodiment is applied as an exposure light source for a display device, a photoelectric conversion device, an electronic device, a lighting device, a moving body, a wearable device, and an electrophotographic image forming device will be described with reference to FIGS. 13 to 20.

[0093] FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a display device using the light-emitting device 10 of this embodiment. The display device 1000 may have a touch panel 1003, a display panel 1005, a frame 1006, a circuit board 1007, and a battery 1008 between an upper cover 1001 and a lower cover 1009. Flexible printed circuits FPC1002 and 1004 are connected to the touch panel 1003 and the display panel 1005. An active element such as a transistor is disposed on the circuit board 1007. The battery 1008 does not need to be disposed if the display device 1000 is not a portable device, and even if it is a portable device, it does not need to be disposed at this position. The light-emitting device 10 can be applied to the display panel 1005. The light-emitting device 10 functioning as the display panel 1005 is connected to an active element such as a transistor disposed on the circuit board 1007 and operates.

[0094] The display device 1000 shown in Fig. 13 may be used as a display unit of a photoelectric conversion device (imaging device) having an optical unit with a plurality of lenses and an imaging element that receives light that has passed through the optical unit and photoelectrically converts it into an electrical signal. The photoelectric conversion device may have a display unit that displays information acquired by the imaging element. The display unit may be a display unit exposed to the outside of the photoelectric conversion device, or may be a display unit disposed within a viewfinder. The photoelectric conversion device may be a digital camera or a digital video camera.

[0095] FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a photoelectric conversion device using the light emitting device 10 of the present embodiment. The photoelectric conversion device 1100 may have a viewfinder 1101, a rear display 1102, an operation unit 1103, and a housing 1104. The photoelectric conversion device 1100 may also be called an imaging device. The light emitting device 10 of the present embodiment can be applied to the viewfinder 1101 and the rear display 1102, which are display units. In this case, the light emitting device 10 may display not only an image to be captured, but also environmental information, imaging instructions, and the like. The environmental information may include the intensity of external light, the direction of external light, the moving speed of the subject, and the possibility that the subject will be blocked by an obstruction.

[0096] Since the timing suitable for capturing an image is often short, it is better to display information as soon as possible. Therefore, a light emitting device 10 provided with an organic light emitting element using an organic light emitting material such as an organic EL element may be used in a viewfinder 1101 or a rear display 1102. This is because organic light emitting materials have a fast response speed. A light emitting device 10 using an organic light emitting material is more suitable than a liquid crystal display device for such devices that require a high display speed.

[0097] The photoelectric conversion device 1100 has an optical section (not shown). The optical section has a plurality of lenses, and forms an image on a photoelectric conversion element (not shown) housed in a housing 1104 that receives light that has passed through the optical section. The focal points of the plurality of lenses can be adjusted by adjusting their relative positions. This operation can also be performed automatically.

[0098] The light emitting device 10 may be applied to a display unit of an electronic device. In that case, the light emitting device 10 may have both a display function and an operation function. Examples of the portable terminal include a mobile phone such as a smartphone, a tablet, and a head mounted display.

[0099] FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram showing an example of an electronic device using the light emitting device 10 of this embodiment. The electronic device 1200 has a display unit 1201, an operation unit 1202, and a housing 1203. The housing 1203 may be provided with a circuit, a printed circuit board having the circuit, a battery, and a communication unit. The operation unit 1202 may be a button or a touch panel type reaction unit. The operation unit 1202 may be a biometric recognition unit that recognizes a fingerprint and performs unlocking or the like. A portable device having a communication unit can also be called a communication device. The light emitting device 10 of this embodiment can be applied to the display unit 1201.

[0100] 16(a) and 16(b) are schematic diagrams showing an example of a display device using the light emitting device 10 of the present embodiment. FIG. 16(a) shows a display device such as a television monitor or a PC monitor. The display device 1300 has a frame 1301 and a display unit 1302. The light emitting device 10 of the present embodiment can be applied to the display unit 1302. The display device 1300 may have a base 1303 that supports the frame 1301 and the display unit 1302. The base 1303 is not limited to the form shown in FIG. 16(a). For example, the lower side of the frame 1301 may also serve as the base 1303. The frame 1301 and the display unit 1302 may be curved. The radius of curvature may be 5000 mm or more and 6000 mm or less.

[0101] FIG. 16(b) is a schematic diagram showing another example of a display device using the light-emitting device 10 of the present embodiment. The display device 1310 of FIG. 16(b) is configured to be bendable, and is a so-called foldable display device. The display device 1310 has a first display unit 1311, a second display unit 1312, a housing 1313, and a bending point 1314. The light-emitting device 10 of the present embodiment can be applied to the first display unit 1311 and the second display unit 1312. The first display unit 1311 and the second display unit 1312 may be a single display unit without a joint. The first display unit 1311 and the second display unit 1312 can be separated at the bending point. The first display unit 1311 and the second display unit 1312 may display different images, or the first display unit and the second display unit may display one image.

[0102] FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram showing an example of an illumination device using the light emitting device 10 of the present embodiment. The illumination device 1400 may have a housing 1401, a light source 1402, a circuit board 1403, an optical film 1404, and a light diffusion unit 1405. The light emitting device 10 of the present embodiment can be applied to the light source 1402. The optical film 1404 may be a filter that improves the color rendering of the light source. The light diffusion unit 1405 can effectively diffuse the light of the light source, such as for lighting up, and deliver the light to a wide range. If necessary, a cover may be provided on the outermost part. The illumination device 1400 may have both the optical film 1404 and the light diffusion unit 1405, or only one of them.

[0103] The lighting device 1400 is, for example, a device that illuminates a room. The lighting device 1400 may emit white light, neutral white light, or any other color from blue to red. It may have a dimming circuit that adjusts the light intensity. The lighting device 1400 may have a power supply circuit connected to the light emitting device 10 that functions as the light source 1402. The power supply circuit is a circuit that converts AC voltage to DC voltage. Moreover, white has a color temperature of 4200K, and neutral white has a color temperature of 5000K. Moreover, the lighting device 1400 may have a color filter. Moreover, the lighting device 1400 may have a heat dissipation unit. The heat dissipation unit dissipates heat inside the device to the outside of the device, and examples of the heat dissipation unit include metals with high specific heat and liquid silicon.

[0104] FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of an automobile having a tail lamp, which is an example of a vehicle lamp using the light emitting device 10 of this embodiment. The automobile 1500 may have a tail lamp 1501, and may be configured to turn on the tail lamp 1501 when braking or the like is performed. The light emitting device 10 of this embodiment may be used as a head lamp as a vehicle lamp. An automobile is an example of a moving body, and the moving body may be a ship, a drone, an aircraft, a railroad car, an industrial robot, or the like. The moving body may have a machine body and a lamp provided thereon. The lamp may indicate the current position of the machine body.

[0105] The light emitting device 10 of this embodiment can be applied to a tail lamp 1501. The tail lamp 1501 may have a protective member that protects the light emitting device 10 functioning as the tail lamp 1501. The protective member may be made of any material as long as it has a certain degree of strength and is transparent, and may be made of polycarbonate or the like. The protective member may be made by mixing a furandicarboxylic acid derivative, an acrylonitrile derivative, or the like with polycarbonate.

[0106] The automobile 1500 may have a body 1503 and a window 1502 attached thereto. The window may be a window for checking the front and rear of the automobile, or may be a transparent display such as a head-up display. The light-emitting device 10 of the present embodiment may be used in the transparent display. In this case, the constituent materials of the electrodes and the like of the light-emitting device 10 are made of transparent members.

[0107] 19(a) and 19(b), further application examples of the light emitting device 10 of the present embodiment will be described. The light emitting device 10 can be applied to systems that can be worn as wearable devices, such as smart glasses, head mounted displays (HMDs), and smart contacts. An image capturing and displaying device used in such application examples has an image capturing device capable of photoelectrically converting visible light, and a light emitting device capable of emitting visible light.

[0108] 19(a) illustrates glasses 1600 (smart glasses) according to one application example. An imaging device 1602 such as a CMOS sensor or a SPAD is provided on the front side of a lens 1601 of the glasses 1600. In addition, a light emitting device 10 of this embodiment is provided on the back side of the lens 1601.

[0109] The glasses 1600 further include a control device 1603. The control device 1603 functions as a power source that supplies power to the image capture device 1602 and the light emitting device 10 according to each embodiment. The control device 1603 also controls the operations of the image capture device 1602 and the light emitting device 10. The lens 1601 is formed with an optical system for focusing light on the image capture device 1602.

[0110] FIG. 19(b) illustrates glasses 1610 (smart glasses) according to one application example. The glasses 1610 have a control device 1612, and the control device 1612 is equipped with an imaging device corresponding to the imaging device 1602 and a light emitting device 10. The lens 1611 is formed with an imaging device in the control device 1612 and an optical system for projecting light emitted from the light emitting device 10, and an image is projected onto the lens 1611. The control device 1612 functions as a power source that supplies power to the imaging device and the light emitting device 10, and controls the operation of the imaging device and the light emitting device 10. The control device 1612 may have a line of sight detection unit that detects the line of sight of the wearer. Infrared light may be used to detect the line of sight. The infrared light emission unit emits infrared light toward the eyeball of a user gazing at a display image. An imaging unit having a light receiving element detects the reflected light of the emitted infrared light from the eyeball, thereby obtaining an image of the eyeball. By providing a reduction unit that reduces the amount of light from the infrared light emitting unit to the display unit in a plan view, degradation of image quality is reduced.

[0111] The gaze of the user with respect to the displayed image is detected from an image of the eyeball obtained by capturing infrared light. Any known method can be applied to gaze detection using the image of the eyeball. As an example, a gaze detection method based on a Purkinje image formed by reflection of irradiated light on the cornea can be used.

[0112] More specifically, a gaze detection process based on the pupil-corneal reflex method is performed. Using the pupil-corneal reflex method, a gaze vector that indicates the direction (rotation angle) of the eyeball is calculated based on the pupil image and the Purkinje image included in the captured image of the eyeball, thereby detecting the user's gaze.

[0113] The light emitting device 10 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may have an imaging device having a light receiving element, and may control a display image based on user line-of-sight information from the imaging device.

[0114] Specifically, the light emitting device 10 determines a first field of view area to which the user gazes and a second field of view area other than the first field of view area based on the line of sight information. The first field of view area and the second field of view area may be determined by a control device of the light emitting device 10, or may be received from an external control device. In the display area of ​​the light emitting device 10, the display resolution of the first field of view area may be controlled to be higher than the display resolution of the second field of view area. In other words, the resolution of the second field of view area may be lower than that of the first field of view area.

[0115] The display area includes a first display area and a second display area different from the first display area, and an area having a high priority is determined from the first display area and the second display area based on line-of-sight information. The first display area and the second display area may be determined by a control device of the light-emitting device 10, or may be determined by an external control device and received. The resolution of the area having a high priority may be controlled to be higher than the resolution of areas other than the area having a high priority. In other words, the resolution of an area having a relatively low priority may be lowered.

[0116] AI may be used to determine the first field of view area and areas with high priority. The AI ​​may be a model configured to estimate the angle of the line of sight and the distance to an object at the end of the line of sight from the image of the eyeball, using as teacher data an image of the eyeball and the direction in which the eyeball in the image was actually looking. The AI ​​program may be included in the light-emitting device 10, the imaging device, or an external device. If included in the external device, it is transmitted to the light-emitting device 10 via communication.

[0117] When display control is performed based on visual recognition detection, the present invention is preferably applicable to smart glasses that further include an imaging device for capturing images of the outside world. The smart glasses can display captured outside information in real time.

[0118] Fig. 20 shows an image forming apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 20(a) is a schematic diagram of an image forming apparatus 48 according to one embodiment of the present invention. The image forming apparatus has a photoconductor, an exposure light source, a developing unit, a charging unit, a transfer unit, a transport roller, and a fixing unit.

[0119] Light 51 is irradiated from an exposure light source 50, and an electrostatic latent image is formed on the surface of the photoconductor 49. This exposure light source has an organic light-emitting element according to the present invention. The developing unit 53 has toner and the like. The charging unit 52 charges the photoconductor. The transfer device 54 transfers the developed image to a recording medium 56. The transport unit 55 transports the recording medium 56. The recording medium 56 is, for example, paper. The fixing unit 57 fixes the image formed on the recording medium.

[0120] 20(b) and 20(c) are schematic diagrams showing an exposure light source 58 in which a plurality of light-emitting sections 59 are arranged on a long substrate. Reference numeral 61 denotes a direction parallel to the axis of the photoconductor, which indicates the row direction in which the organic light-emitting elements are arranged. This row direction is the same as the axis direction about which the photoconductor 60 rotates. This direction can also be called the long axis direction of the photoconductor.

[0121] Fig. 20(b) shows a configuration in which the light-emitting units are arranged along the long axis direction of the photoconductor. Fig. 20(c) shows a different configuration from (b), in which the light-emitting units are arranged alternately in the column direction in the first column and the second column. The first column and the second column are arranged at different positions in the row direction.

[0122] In the first column, a plurality of light-emitting units are arranged at intervals. In the second column, light-emitting units are arranged at positions corresponding to the intervals between the light-emitting units in the first column. In other words, a plurality of light-emitting units are also arranged at intervals in the row direction.

[0123] The arrangement in FIG. 20(c) can also be described as a grid-like arrangement, a houndstooth arrangement, or a checkerboard pattern.

[0124] As described above, by using a device using the organic light-emitting element according to this embodiment, it is possible to achieve a display with good image quality and stability even over a long period of time.

[0125] The present disclosure includes the following. (Item 1) A light emitting device having a substrate, a lens, and a light emitting portion disposed between a main surface of the substrate and the lens, The lens acts as a collimator; the light-emitting section has, from the substrate side, a first reflective layer, an organic layer, and a second reflective layer in this order; A light emitting device, wherein the first reflective layer has a reflective surface having optical power. (Item 2) a vertex of the lens in a first direction perpendicular to a main surface of the substrate is defined as a first position, and a position at which an inclination angle θ of the lens is largest in a cross section passing through the first position and parallel to the first direction is defined as a second position; a distance from the first position to the second position in a second direction parallel to the main surface of the substrate is defined as r; a distance from the apex of the first reflective layer to the second position in the first direction is H; When the distance from the center to the end of the light-emitting portion in the second direction is a, When a light ray that passes through the second position and is extracted in a direction perpendicular to the main surface of the substrate is traced from the second position toward the light emitting unit, the distance that the light ray travels in the second direction from the second position to the first direction is H, and the distance that the light ray travels in the second direction is L. ra <L<r+a 2. The light emitting device according to item 1, wherein the above relationship is satisfied. (Item 3) the first reflective layer has a convex portion, a vertex of the lens in a first direction perpendicular to a main surface of the substrate is defined as a first position, and a position at which an inclination angle θ of the lens is largest in a cross section passing through the first position and parallel to the first direction is defined as a second position; a distance from the first position to the second position in a second direction parallel to the main surface of the substrate is defined as r; When the distance from the apex of the first reflective layer to the second position in the first direction is H, When a light ray that passes through the second position and is extracted in a direction perpendicular to the main surface of the substrate is traced from the second position toward the light emitting unit, the distance traveled in the second direction from the second position to the first direction by a distance H is L, L <r 2. The light emitting device according to item 1, wherein the above relationship is satisfied. (Item 4) the first reflective layer has a convex portion, ra <L<r 3. The light emitting device according to item 2, wherein the above relationship is satisfied. (Item 5) the first reflective layer has a recess; a vertex of the lens in a first direction perpendicular to a main surface of the substrate is defined as a first position, and a position at which an inclination angle θ of the lens is largest in a cross section passing through the first position and parallel to the first direction is defined as a second position; a distance from the first position to the second position in a second direction parallel to the main surface of the substrate is defined as r; When the distance from the apex of the first reflective layer to the second position in the first direction is H, When a light ray that passes through the second position and is extracted in a direction perpendicular to the main surface of the substrate is traced from the second position toward the light emitting portion, the distance traveled in the second direction from the second position to the first direction by a distance H is L, r <L 2. The light emitting device according to item 1, wherein the above relationship is satisfied. (Item 6) the first reflective layer has a recess; r <L<r+a 3. The light emitting device according to item 2, wherein the above relationship is satisfied. (Item 7) When the refractive index of the lens is n1, A medium layer having a refractive index of n2 is disposed between the light emitting portion and the lens, 2. The light emitting device according to item 1, wherein the relationship n1≦n2 is satisfied. (Item 8) 8. The light emitting device according to item 7, wherein the medium layer includes a color filter. (Item 9) The medium layer is a first medium layer, a second medium layer having a refractive index of n3 is disposed between the first medium layer and the light emitting section; 8. The light emitting device according to item 7, wherein the relationship n2≦n3 is satisfied. (Item 10) 2. The light emitting device according to item 1, wherein no layer having a refractive index smaller than the refractive index n1 of the lens is disposed between the light emitting portion and the lens. (Item 11) 11. The light emitting device according to any one of items 1 to 10, wherein the light emitting portion and the lens are disposed so that their centers overlap in orthogonal projection onto the main surface. (Item 12) 12. The light emitting device according to any one of items 1 to 11, further satisfying r>a. (Item 13) 13. The light emitting device according to any one of items 1 to 12, wherein the first reflective layer has a reflective surface, and the reflective surface is a part of a spherical surface. (Item 14) 2. The light emitting device according to item 1, wherein the first reflective layer has a reflective surface, the reflective surface including a convex surface. (Item 15) 15. A display device comprising: a light-emitting device according to any one of items 1 to 14; and an active element connected to the light-emitting device. (Item 16) The imaging device includes an optical unit having a plurality of lenses, an image sensor that receives light that has passed through the optical unit, and a display unit that displays an image, 15. A photoelectric conversion device, wherein the display unit displays an image captured by the imaging element, and the photoelectric conversion device comprises the light-emitting device according to any one of items 1 to 14. (Item 17) A display unit is provided in a housing, and a communication unit is provided in the housing and communicates with an external device. 15. An electronic device, wherein the display unit comprises the light-emitting device according to any one of items 1 to 14. (Item 18) A photoconductor and an exposure light source for exposing the photoconductor, 15. An image forming apparatus, comprising the light emitting device according to any one of items 1 to 14 as the exposure light source.

[0126] The invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications and variations are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the following claims are appended to apprise the public of the scope of the invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0127] 8: substrate, 9: first reflective layer, 10: light emitting device, 11: first reflective layer, 17: lens, 20: organic layer, 32: light emitting portion, 40: curved surface, 41: vertex, 42: end portion, P1: main surface

Claims

1. A light emitting device having a substrate, a lens, and a light emitting portion disposed between a main surface of the substrate and the lens, The lens acts as a collimator; the light-emitting section includes, from the substrate side, a first reflective layer having a recess, an organic layer, and a second reflective layer in this order; a vertex of the lens in a first direction perpendicular to a main surface of the substrate is defined as a first position, and a position at which an inclination angle θ of the lens is largest in a cross section passing through the first position and parallel to the first direction is defined as a second position; a distance from the first position to the second position in a second direction parallel to the main surface of the substrate is defined as r; a distance from the apex of the first reflective layer to the second position in the first direction is H; When the distance from the center to the end of the light emitting portion in the second direction is a, When a light ray that passes through the second position and is extracted in a direction perpendicular to the main surface of the substrate is traced from the second position toward the light emitting portion, the distance traveled in the second direction when traveling a distance H from the second position in the first direction is L, r<L<r+a A light emitting device which satisfies the above relationship.

2. The refractive index of the lens is n １ When I said that, The refractive index between the light emitting portion and the lens is n ２ A medium layer is arranged, n １ ≦n ２ 2. The light emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the following relationship is satisfied:

3. 3. The light emitting device according to claim 2, wherein the medium layer includes a color filter.

4. The medium layer is a first medium layer, Between the first medium layer and the light emitting portion, a refractive index of n ３ A second medium layer having a thickness of 100 nm is provided. n ２ ≦n ３ 3. The light emitting device according to claim 2, wherein the following relationship is satisfied:

5. Between the light emitting portion and the lens, a refractive index n １ 2. The light emitting device according to claim 1, wherein no layer having a refractive index smaller than 100 nm is disposed.

6. The light emitting device according to claim 1 , wherein the light emitting portion and the lens are disposed so that their centers overlap in orthogonal projection onto the main surface.

7. The light emitting device according to claim 1 , further satisfying r>a.

8. The light emitting device according to claim 1 , wherein the first reflective layer has a reflective surface, the reflective surface being a part of a sphere.

9. A display device comprising: a light-emitting device according to claim 1; and an active element connected to the light-emitting device.

10. The imaging device includes an optical unit having a plurality of lenses, an image sensor that receives light that has passed through the optical unit, and a display unit that displays an image, A photoelectric conversion device, comprising: the display unit for displaying an image captured by the imaging element; and the light-emitting device according to claim 1 .

11. A display device having a housing and a communication unit provided in the housing for communicating with an external device, 9. An electronic device, comprising: a display unit comprising the light-emitting device according to claim 1.

12. A photoconductor and an exposure light source for exposing the photoconductor, 9. An image forming apparatus, comprising: said exposure light source comprising the light emitting device according to claim 1.

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