Wind direction and wind speed measuring device

Abstract

To provide a wind direction and speed measuring device capable of acquiring wind direction and speed information by single means.SOLUTION: A wind direction and speed measuring device includes: a movable unit 110 having a light emitting unit that emits light toward an arbitrary position in the sky; a fixed unit 150 disposed on the sky side opposite to the movable unit, and provided with a plurality of photoelectric conversion units that receive light and perform photoelectric conversion; a wind receiving unit 160 that moves the movable unit; and a wind direction and speed conversion unit 210 that has a conversion table for obtaining wind direction and speed information and obtains the wind direction and speed information, with wind direction information and wind speed information assigned to positions on a plane that has a center of the wind direction and speed at a position of the photoelectric conversion element irradiated with the light emitted by the light emitting unit when no wind is blowing.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a wind direction and wind speed measuring device.

Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, as a wind direction and wind speed measuring device, a so-called airplane-type device is known. This airplane-type wind direction and wind speed measuring device measures the wind speed by a propeller and measures the wind direction by the tail fin of an airplane, and there are two systems of measurement. Also, as a wind direction and wind speed measuring device, measuring devices using ultrasonic waves or lasers are also known. However, these devices have a configuration in which a plurality of sensors are used in combination.

[0003] Patent Document 1 shows a measuring method and device for accurately measuring wind direction and wind speed with a simple device configuration. This device has one end fixed and attached to a base plate, and includes a rod-shaped member extending in a direction perpendicular to the base plate, and a camera is disposed at a position for imaging the free end of this rod-shaped member. Then, the displacement of the free end from the neutral position due to the bending deformation of the rod-shaped member is obtained by analyzing the image obtained by imaging with the camera C, and from this, the wind direction and wind speed are obtained.

[0004] In the above device, the rod-shaped member may be a single cylindrical one, and an additional member having an axisymmetric rotating body shape may be attached to the tip. Also, it may be in a form where a thin plate-shaped rod-shaped member is arranged along two directions on a horizontal base plate, or the rod-shaped member may be arranged on each of the three mutually perpendicular surfaces of a rectangular parallelepiped-shaped base portion to obtain the wind direction and wind speed in three-dimensional directions.

[0005] Patent Document 2 discloses an anemometer that can measure both the vertical and horizontal components of wind and has excellent responsiveness and visibility. This anemometer includes a disc-shaped base, a support column erected vertically from the center of the base, a thread of a predetermined length connected to the upper end of the support column, and a hollow body connected to the end of the thread. The hollow body is composed of a film body and a gas filled inside the film body. Further, the hollow body is formed in an elongated shape, and a thread is connected to the longitudinal end of the hollow body so as to move easily following the wind.

[0006] In the above, as the gas, helium or the like having a specific gravity smaller than that of air is used, and it is set such that the buoyancy by this gas is substantially equal to the weights of the thread and the film body. After filling the film body with the gas, a weight such as an adhesive tape is attached to the film body so that a buoyancy substantially equal to the weights of the thread and the film body is generated.

[0007] In the device of Patent Document 1 above, a state in which a sphere or the like is attached to the tip of a rod attached to a base plate is photographed with a camera, and the wind direction and wind speed are measured based on the direction and distance of movement of the sphere. However, it is necessary to identify the sphere at the tip by image analysis and calculate the position.

[0008] Further, the invention of Patent Document 2 is an anemometer configured by connecting an elongated hollow body made of a film body filled with gas inside to the end of a thread connected to the upper end of a support column erected vertically. This discriminates the wind direction by the movement of the hollow body following the wind. However, it is a visual confirmation of the wind direction, and it is difficult to grasp the exact direction.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0009]

Patent Document 1

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0010] The present invention has been made in view of the problems of the conventional wind direction and wind speed measuring device as described above, and its object is to provide a wind direction and wind speed measuring device capable of acquiring wind direction and wind speed information by one means.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0011] The wind direction and wind speed measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention is a movable part provided around a point in a three-dimensional space and movably installed in an arbitrary direction at the center in a state of facing an arbitrary position on the sky surface above or below the horizontal plane including the center, the sky surface a movable part provided with a light emitting part for emitting light toward an arbitrary position of, and facing the movable part the sky surface a fixed part disposed on the side for acquiring position information of the position on the sky surface where the movable part is facing during measurement, the fixed part being provided with a plurality of photoelectric conversion parts for receiving light and performing photoelectric conversion, a wind receiving part attached to the movable part for moving the movable part according to the received wind, and a wind direction and wind speed conversion part for acquiring the position information from the movable part or the fixed part when the movable part is moved by the wind receiving part and converting this position information into wind direction information and wind speed information. Wind direction information and wind speed information are assigned to the position of a plane centered on the position of the photoelectric conversion element irradiated with the light emitted by the light emitting part when there is no wind, and it has a conversion table for obtaining wind direction and wind speed information, and searches the conversion table based on the position information to obtain wind direction and wind speed information. It is characterized by comprising a wind direction and wind speed conversion unit.

[0012] In the wind direction and wind speed measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention, the photoelectric conversion unit has a configuration in which a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements are provided in a mesh shape. The conversion table has the position of the photoelectric conversion element irradiated with the light emitted by the light emitting unit when there is no wind as the center of the wind direction and wind speed, assigns the wind direction and wind speed information of this center of the wind direction and wind speed to zero, divides 360 degrees equally at a predetermined angle from this center of the wind direction and wind speed, and assigns the same wind direction information to the photoelectric conversion elements falling within the range of the same central angle. At the same time, a predetermined wind speed information is assigned to the photoelectric conversion elements within a range of a predetermined distance from the center of the wind direction and wind speed, and it is a conversion table for obtaining the wind direction and wind speed information from the identification information of this photoelectric conversion element.

[0013] In the wind direction and wind speed measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention, in a square region of the fixing portion, a first photoelectric conversion element, a second photoelectric conversion element, a third photoelectric conversion element, and a fourth photoelectric conversion element, which are four photoelectric conversion elements of the same size, are arranged clockwise from the upper left corner of the square region, and each outputs a current proportional to the amount of light of the light emitted by the light emitting unit. It is composed of the first photoelectric conversion element, the second photoelectric conversion element, the third photoelectric conversion element, and the fourth photoelectric conversion element. The wind direction and wind speed conversion unit includes a first subtractor that subtracts the output of the third photoelectric conversion element from the output of the first photoelectric conversion element, and a second subtractor that subtracts the output of the fourth photoelectric conversion element from the output of the second photoelectric conversion element. A third subtractor that outputs a signal corresponding to the displacement in the X direction of the position where the light emitted by the light emitting unit enters by subtracting the output of the second subtractor from the output of the first subtractor, and the output of the first subtractor and the output of the second subtractor are added. And a first adder that outputs a signal corresponding to the displacement in the Y direction of the position where the light emitted by the light emitting unit enters.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0014]

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Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0015] Referring to the accompanying drawings below, embodiments of the wind direction and wind speed measuring device according to the present invention will be described. In each figure, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and duplicate descriptions are omitted. FIG. 1 shows a front view of a first embodiment of the wind direction and wind speed measuring device according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows a front view of the main part thereof. This wind direction and wind speed measuring device includes almost all of its configuration in the spherical shell 100. The spherical shell 100 is made of resin, metal, etc. The spherical shell 100 may be transparent, translucent, or made of glass. This is the case when the detection wavelength is in the visible light range and the light intensity is stronger than the ambient light. Also, even if it is transparent to visible light when the detection wavelength is non-visible light (ultraviolet, infrared), there are some that are opaque in that wavelength range. That is, it can be implemented by changing the wavelength of light. Furthermore, here, the spherical shell 100 is used, but not limited to a sphere, and any shaped housing can be adopted.

[0016] A movable part 110 is provided at the central part of the spherical shell 100 in three-dimensional space. That is, a support plate 120 is fixedly provided on a plane passing through the center of the spherical shell 100. The support plate 120 may be disk-shaped or may be plate-shaped with arcuate edges whose both ends are in contact with and fixed to the spherical shell. At the center of the support plate 120, a bearing-like bearing part 130 for holding the movable part 110 movably (here, rotatably) in any direction is provided. That is, the central part of the movable part 110 is spherical, and the tip 110A of the movable part 110 is rotatably installed so as to face an arbitrary position on the celestial spherical surface above or below the circular horizontal plane including the support plate 120 provided on the spherical shell 100. In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the upper tip 110A of the movable part 110 is rotatably installed so as to face an arbitrary position on the celestial spherical surface above the circular horizontal plane including the support plate 120 provided on the spherical shell 100. On the other hand, in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the lower tip 110A of the movable part 110 is rotatably installed so as to face an arbitrary position on the celestial spherical surface below the circular horizontal plane including the support plate 120 provided on the spherical shell 100.

[0017] The movable part 110 is attached with a wind receiving part 160 that rotates the movable part 110 according to the received wind. The wind receiving part 160 can be composed of a strip of paper, cloth, or the like. More specifically, for example, a ring 111 is attached to the rear end part 110B of the movable part 110, and a connecting part 112 composed of a string or a thin rod is attached to this ring 111. The wind receiving part 160 is attached to the end part of the connecting part 112 opposite to the ring 111 side. In the example of FIG. 3, it is shown that the wind receiving part 160 can be composed of a spherical balloon made of rubber or the like.

[0018] In the spherical shell body 100, a part of the spherical shell on the side of the celestial sphere shell surface below the circular horizontal plane including the support plate 120 provided on the spherical shell body 100 is cut away, and a circular opening 170 is formed in this cut-away part. The connecting part 112 and the wind receiving part 160 are present outside the spherical shell body 100 through the opening 170. The movable part 110 is present inside the spherical shell body 100 through the opening 170.

[0019] With the above configuration, as shown in FIG. 1, when an air current due to wind hits the wind receiving part 160 and the wind receiving part 160 moves in the D direction, the lower part of the connecting part 112 moves accordingly. The connecting part 112 rotates the movable part 110 around the center of the bearing part 130 as the rotation center. When the wind receiving part 160 moves in the D direction, the tip part 110A of the movable part 110 rotates around the above rotation center, and the moving direction is opposite to the D direction.

[0020] A fixing part 150 is arranged on the side of the celestial sphere shell surface facing the movable part 110. In FIG. 2, assuming that the movable part 110 is cylindrical or rod-shaped, when the movable part 110 moves under the influence of wind, a point where a straight line extending from the tip 110A toward the celestial sphere shell surface hits the fixing part 150 is defined as point E. A point where a straight line extending from the tip 110A toward the celestial sphere shell surface along the center line when there is no wind hits the fixing part 150 is defined as point S. The direction in which the tip 110A of the movable part 110 moves and the direction in which the rear end 110B of the movable part 110 moves are opposite. The direction of a line segment SE (not shown) connecting point S and point E is the direction of the wind, and the length of the line segment SE corresponds to the wind speed. In the wind direction and wind speed measuring device of the present embodiment, position information of the above point E is acquired from the movable part 110 or the fixing part 150. In the present embodiment, the fixing part 150 acquires or provides position information of the position on the spherical shell 100 where the movable part 110 faces.

[0021] As shown in FIG. 5, the fixing part 150 is composed of a photoelectric conversion part 50 in which a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements 51 are arranged in a mesh shape. The surface of this photoelectric conversion part 50 is configured as a plane in FIG. 5, but as shown in FIG. 6, the surface of the photoelectric conversion part 50 may be configured as a curved surface or a stepped surface, and as shown in FIG. 6A, it may be configured as a hemispherical surface. As shown in FIGS. 5, 6, and 6A, the tip 110A of the movable part 110 serves as a light emitting part 31 that emits light toward the photoelectric conversion part 50. The light emitting part 31 includes, for example, a light source such as an LED and a driving source such as a battery in a cylindrical main body, and the light emitted from the light emitting part 31 is configured to be a light beam that converges on the surface of one photoelectric conversion element 51 of the photoelectric conversion part 50. For focusing, an optical mechanism such as a lens may be provided in the main body of the light emitting part 31.

[0022] The support plate 120 is provided with a measuring device 200 such as a wind direction and wind speed conversion unit 210. When the movable part 110 is rotated by the wind receiving part 160, the wind direction and wind speed conversion unit 210 of the measuring device 200 acquires the position information from the movable part 110 or the fixed part 150 and converts this position information into wind direction information and wind speed information. In the present embodiment, the position information is acquired from the fixed part 150.

[0023] FIG. 7 shows a configuration example of the measuring device 200 including the wind direction and wind speed conversion unit 210. That is, the measuring device 200 has a configuration of a computer centered around the CPU 10. The CPU 10 is connected to a main memory 11 in which programs and the like used by the CPU 10 are stored. Further, an input port 13, an output port 14, and an external storage interface 15 are connected to the CPU 10 via a bus 12.

[0024] A photoelectric conversion unit 50 is connected to the input port 13. Thereby, the CPU 10 can take in the above-mentioned position information. A wireless communication unit 16 is connected to the output port 14. The CPU 10 can transmit the wind direction information and the wind speed information obtained by converting the position information from the output port 14 via the wireless communication unit 16.

[0025] The wind direction and wind speed measuring device according to the present embodiment is provided with a display device 20 using LEDs or LCDs and having a wireless communication unit 21. This display device 20 receives the wind direction information and the wind speed information sent from the wireless communication unit 16 at its own wireless communication unit 21, converts them into display information, and displays the wind direction and the wind speed.

[0026] An external storage device 17 is connected to the external storage interface 15. The external storage device 17 stores a conversion table for the CPU 10 to convert the position information into wind direction information and wind speed information. The relationship between the photoelectric conversion unit 50 and the wind direction and wind speed on the premise of the configuration of this conversion table will be described.

[0027] As shown in FIG. 8, the wind direction is divided by lines every 22.5 degrees from the center O of the circle, in the clockwise direction, and wind direction information of "North", "North-Northeast", "Northeast", "East-Northeast", "East", "East-Southeast", "Southeast", "South-Southeast", "South", "South-Southwest", "Southwest", "West-Southwest", "West", "Northwest", "Northwest", "North-Northwest" is assigned. The circular portion of FIG. 8 is the photoelectric conversion unit 50, and it is configured such that a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements 51 are arranged in a mesh pattern. The photoelectric conversion unit 50 is all or part of the fixing unit 150. Regarding the photoelectric conversion unit 50, for example, when showing a sector region of 22.5 degrees centered on "North", it is as shown in FIG. 9. Regarding the photoelectric conversion unit 50, for example, a sector region of 22.5 degrees centered on "North" is divided into 5 parts (5 sections) in the radial direction, the arc portion farthest from the center is set to a wind speed of 50 m, the position at 4 / 5 of the radius is set to a wind speed of 40 m, the position at 3 / 5 of the radius is set to a wind speed of 30 m, the position at 2 / 5 of the radius is set to a wind speed of 20 m, the position at 1 / 5 of the radius is set to a wind speed of 10 m, and the center of the sector is set to a wind speed of 0 m. Each 10 m interval is divided into 10 parts (10 sections), and the position where the wind speed increases by 1 m each time is set. FIG. 10 shows the region in the region shown in FIG. 9 where the wind direction is "North" and the wind speed is from 30 m to 40 m. In this region, a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements 51 are arranged in a mesh pattern. All parts of the circular photoelectric conversion unit 50 shown in FIG. 8 have the same configuration as the region shown in FIG. 10. Here, one photoelectric conversion element 51 is included every 1 m in the radial direction, and a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements 51 are arranged in the circumferential direction, but it is sufficient that one photoelectric conversion element 51 is included every 1 m in the radial direction. Note that in this embodiment, instead of approximately assigning wind direction and wind speed information to the fixing unit 150 by dividing the wind direction into 16 equal parts and dividing the wind speed at predetermined intervals, a wind having all necessary known values of wind direction and wind speed is applied to the wind receiving unit 160 for testing, and it is assigned to the fixing unit 150 corresponding to the obtained transition of wind direction and wind speed, and a conversion table for extracting the corresponding wind direction information and wind speed information is obtained and stored in the external storage device 17, and this may be used to obtain the wind direction information and wind speed information. In this case, the wind direction of the wind used in the test may be in angular notation or radian notation of 360 degrees, and the angular notation or radian notation may be used in the conversion table to display the measurement results in angular notation or radian notation.

[0028] Each of the plurality of photoelectric conversion elements 51 is given different addresses AAAA~ZZZZ corresponding to the position information, and the same wind direction information 01, 02, ···, 16 is given to the photoelectric conversion elements 51 belonging to the wind direction region specified by a 22.5-degree sector, and the same wind speed information 00, 01, 02, ···, 5 0 is given. As shown in FIG. 11, the conversion table of the external storage device 17 stores four-digit numbers in which the wind direction information 01, 02, ···, 16 and the wind speed information 00, 01, 02, ···, 50 are continuous for the addresses corresponding to the position information of the photoelectric conversion element 51. For example, the four-digit number is the continuous combination of the wind direction information and the wind speed information. If the wind direction is north and the wind speed is 31 m, it becomes "0131", and if the wind direction is west-northwest and the wind speed is 4 m, it becomes "1404". Therefore, the wind direction information and the wind speed information can be retrieved from the address which is the position information.

[0029] The CPU 10 performs the measurement process of the wind direction and wind speed according to the procedure of the flowchart in FIG. 12. The output of the photoelectric conversion unit 50 is obtained, and the photoelectric conversion element with the highest output is found (S11). Using the conversion table of the external storage device 17, it is determined which wind direction and wind speed region this photoelectric conversion element with the highest output belongs to (S12). At this time, when there are two or more photoelectric conversion elements belonging to multiple regions with the highest output (when the outputs of photoelectric conversion elements with different wind directions and wind speeds are obtained simultaneously), the detection result is canceled. When the measurement time for obtaining the wind direction and wind speed information in this way reaches a predetermined time (for example, 5 minutes) (S13), the average is obtained as the wind direction and wind speed and output from the output port 14 (S14). As a result, the wind direction and wind speed are displayed on the display device 20. In the above, the wind direction and wind speed averaged after waiting for the elapse of a predetermined time are displayed. However, particularly when using angular notation or radian notation, the measured wind direction and wind speed may be displayed in real time as they are.

[0030] Fig. 13 shows the configuration of the wind direction and wind speed measuring device according to the second embodiment. The fixed part 150B is the image sensor 50B, and the sensor surface corresponds to the xy coordinates as shown in Fig. 14, for example. The light emitted from the light emitting part 31 is configured to be focused on a substantially single point P on the light receiving surface of the image sensor 50B.

[0031] In this second embodiment, the measuring device 200 is the same as the configuration shown in Fig. 7 in the first embodiment. When there is no wind, it is assumed that the coordinate value of the point where the light emitted from the light emitting part 31 is focused on the light receiving surface of the image sensor 50B (in this embodiment, the center of gravity (128, 128) as shown in Fig. 14) is stored in the external storage device 17. The CPU 10 obtains the coordinate value of the focus point based on the signal captured from the image sensor 50B during measurement, obtains the angle based on the relative relationship between this coordinate value and the coordinate value of the above center of gravity, and uses this angle as the wind direction information. The wind direction information may be indicated by a numerical value and "degree" for any direction of 360 degrees, for example, or may be expressed in radians. Also, in this embodiment, a test is performed by applying a wind with known necessary values of wind direction and wind speed to the wind receiving part 160, the distance between the obtained coordinate value and the coordinate value of the above center of gravity is obtained, and this distance is stored in the external storage device 17 as a conversion table in association with the known wind speed used in the test.

[0032] The detection process of the wind direction and wind speed in this second embodiment is performed according to the procedure of the flowchart in FIG. 15. The CPU 10 obtains wind direction information from the angle based on the coordinate value of the condensing point and the coordinate value of the center of gravity of the light receiving surface based on the signal obtained by the image sensor 50B (S41), and obtains wind speed information using a conversion table from the distance based on the coordinate value of the condensing point and the coordinate value of the center of gravity of the light receiving surface (S42). Next, it is determined whether data for a predetermined time has been obtained (S43). If the result is NO, the data is accumulated in steps S41 and S42. If the result is YES in step S43, the average is calculated and used as the wind direction and wind speed, and then output (S44). As a result, the wind direction and wind speed are displayed on the display device 20. In the above description, the wind direction and wind speed averaged after waiting for the elapse of a predetermined time are displayed. However, particularly when using angular notation or radian notation, the measured wind direction and wind speed may be displayed in real time as they are.

[0033] In the above second embodiment, the wind direction information is represented by an angle. However, a test may be performed by applying a wind with known necessary values of wind direction and wind speed to the wind receiving part 160 to obtain wind speed information. In this case, assume that the wind direction is represented by, for example, 16 directions as described above. An angle is obtained from the relative relationship between the coordinate values obtained in the above test and the coordinate value of the center of gravity, and this angle is associated with the known wind direction used in the test and stored in the external storage device 17 as a conversion table. The conversion table may be used to represent the wind direction by 16 directions.

[0034] Next, the wind direction and wind speed measuring device of the third embodiment will be described. In this embodiment, when the wind hits the wind receiving part 160 and the movable part 110X moves, the characters in the image projected by the camera constituting the movable part 110X are recognized to obtain the wind direction and wind speed. Therefore, on the fixed part 150A in the direction where the camera constituting the movable part 110X faces, an image representing the wind direction and wind speed at that time needs to be accurately described. For example, a test is conducted by blowing wind with known wind direction and wind speed values that have all the necessary values against the wind receiving part 160, and the wind direction and wind speed information of the wind used in the test is described at the position of the fixed part 150A projected by the camera at this time. This operation is performed using all the winds with the required wind direction and wind speed. The configuration of the wind direction and wind speed measuring device of the third embodiment is shown using FIG. 16. The fixed part 150A divides the above celestial sphere shell surface into sectors according to the number of wind directions to be measured, divides one sector into a plurality in the radial direction according to the wind speed, and is described with division identification information for identifying each division, and has a configuration of giving this division identification information to the movable part 110X as position information.

[0035] The fixing part 150A has a configuration in which division identification information for dividing the celestial sphere shell surface and identifying each division is described. The circular part shown in FIG. 17 is the division identification information description surface 500, and the division identification information description surface 500 is all or part of the fixing part 150A. Also in this embodiment, the wind direction is divided by lines at 22.5-degree intervals from the center O of the circle, and in the clockwise direction, wind direction information of "North", "NNE", "NE", "ENE", "East", "ESE", "SE", "SSE", "South", "SSW", "SW", "WSW", "West", "WNW", "NW", "NNW" is assigned. For example, when showing a 22.5-degree fan-shaped area centered on "North", it is as shown in FIG. 18. Regarding the division identification information description surface 500, for example, a 22.5-degree fan-shaped area centered on "North" is divided into 5 parts (5 divisions) in the radial direction. The outermost arc part has a wind speed of 50 m, the position at 4 / 5 of the radius has a wind speed of 40 m, the position at 3 / 5 of the radius has a wind speed of 30 m, the position at 2 / 5 of the radius has a wind speed of 20 m, the position at 1 / 5 of the radius has a wind speed of 10 m, and the center of the fan-shaped area has a wind speed of 0 m. The area in the region shown in FIG. 17 where the wind direction is "North" and the wind speed is from 30 m to 40 m is shown in FIG. 18. In this area, the description areas of one division identification information are arranged in a mesh pattern. All the circular parts shown in FIG. 17 have the same configuration as the area shown in FIG. 18. Note that in this embodiment, the expression of wind speed using 16 azimuths as described above is used, but it is not limited to this. For example, the direction of any of the 360 degrees may be indicated by a numerical value and "degree", or an expression using radians may be used.

[0036] FIG. 19 shows the description area 55 for the discrimination information of the wind direction being "north" and the wind speed ranging from 30 m to 39 m. In this description area 55 for the discrimination information, characters (numbers) are described as the discrimination information according to the wind direction and wind speed. The characters (numbers) as the discrimination information are in sets of one character or multiple characters, and in any of the description areas 55, the size of the characters is the same. Therefore, the size of the area for one set of characters is also the same. One of the same wind direction information 01, 02, ···, 16 is given as part of the discrimination information in the area of the wind direction specified by a 22.5-degree sector, and the same wind speed information 00, 01, 02, ···, 50 is given as part of the discrimination information in the area with a width of 1 m in the radial direction of the above sector. Therefore, one piece of discrimination information is a set of the wind direction information and the wind speed information. If the wind direction is north and the wind speed is 31 m, it will be "01-31", and if the wind direction is west-northwest and the wind speed is 4 m, it will be "14-04".

[0037] As shown in FIG. 16, the movable part 110X of the wind direction and wind speed measuring device of the third embodiment is provided with a camera 60 for reading the discrimination information indicating the wind direction. The camera 60 includes, for example, an imaging element such as an image sensor and a mechanism for reading an image in a cylindrical main body. As shown in FIG. 20, the imaging range Y of the camera 60 is an area for several sets of characters, and the camera 60 may be provided with an optical mechanism such as a lens so as to be able to image the area of several sets of characters. Here, several sets means at least 2 sets, and several sets of characters in one imaging range Y are joined to obtain one set of characters. In this embodiment, the wind direction and wind speed conversion unit 210 has a character recognition unit 90 to be described later. The character recognition unit 90, as a character recognition function, for example, when one set of characters is divided in one imaging range Y as shown in FIG. 20(a), has a function of creating one set of characters as shown in FIG. 20(b) to obtain the character recognition result "01-33".

[0038] In this third embodiment, in addition to the configuration of the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 21, a processing unit interface 18 is connected to the bus 12, and a character recognition unit 90 is connected to the processing unit interface 18. The character recognition unit 90 is a computer unit that performs character recognition by image recognition. The character recognition unit 90 performs character recognition on the image obtained by the camera 60 and sends the result to the CPU 10. In this case, the character recognition unit 90 performs character recognition including the process of creating a set of characters as described in FIG. 20. The CPU 10 receives the character recognition result and converts the characters into wind direction and wind speed.

[0039] The wind direction and wind speed detection process in the third embodiment is performed according to the procedure of the flowchart in FIG. 22. Classification and identification information is obtained by character recognition of the image obtained by the camera 60 (S21). In this step S21, if the imaging range of the camera 60 is two or more adjacent areas and character recognition for one set cannot be performed, the result is canceled. Next, wind direction and wind speed information is obtained based on the classification and identification information of the character recognition result (S22).

[0040] Specifically, the characters, which are the classification and identification information, can be made to hold according to a certain rule, for example, for wind direction and wind speed. That is, "north" is replaced with "01", "north-northeast" is replaced with "02", "northeast" is replaced with "03", "east-northeast" is replaced with "04", "east" is replaced with "05", "east-southeast" is replaced with "06", "southeast" is replaced with "07", "south-southeast" is replaced with "08", "south" is replaced with "09", "south-southwest" is replaced with "10", "southwest" is replaced with "11", "southwest by west" is replaced with "12", "west" is replaced with "13", "northwest by west" is replaced with "14", "northwest" is replaced with "15", and "north-northwest" is replaced with "16". Also, the wind speed is set to a value from 0 to 50.

[0041] According to the above rules, if the wind speed is "15 m / s" for "north wind", it will be "01-15", and if the wind speed is "3 m / s" for "south-southwest wind", it will be "10-03". When the time for obtaining the wind direction and wind speed information in this way reaches a predetermined time (for example, 5 minutes) (S23), the average is calculated and used as the wind direction and wind speed, which is then output (S24). As a result, the wind direction and wind speed are displayed on the display device 20. In the above description, the wind direction and wind speed averaged after waiting for the elapse of a predetermined time are displayed. However, especially when using angular notation or radian notation, the measured wind direction and wind speed may be displayed in real time as they are.

[0042] Next, a fourth embodiment will be described. The configuration diagram of the measurement device, which is the main part of the fourth embodiment of the wind direction and wind speed measurement device in this embodiment, is basically the same as that of the first embodiment and is as shown in FIG. 7, but it includes a photoelectric conversion unit 50A as the fixing unit 150.

[0043] The photoelectric conversion unit 50A can receive the light emitted from the light emitting unit 31 and obtain the wind direction information and wind speed information of "north", "north-northeast", "northeast", "east-northeast", "east", "east-southeast", "southeast", "south-southeast", "south", "south-southwest", "southwest", "west-southwest", "west", "northwest", "northwest", and "north-northwest" as shown in FIG. 23. In order to obtain the wind speed information, the photoelectric conversion unit 50A can adopt a configuration in which four identical photoelectric conversion elements 52A, 52B, 52C, and 52D are arranged in a square region as shown in FIG. 23. The photoelectric conversion elements 52A, 52B, 52C, and 52D receive the light R (FIG. 24) emitted from the light emitting unit 31 and generate a current proportional to the amount of the received light.

[0044] The configuration for obtaining the position information is shown in FIG. 24. The outputs of the photoelectric conversion elements 52A and 52D are input to the subtractor 61, the outputs of the photoelectric conversion elements 52B and 52C are input to the subtractor 62, and the outputs of the subtractor 61 and the subtractor 62 are input to the subtractor 63 and the adder 64. The output of the subtractor 63 represents the position information in the X direction in FIG. 24, and the output of the adder 64 represents the position information in the Y direction in FIG. 24.

[0045] That is, assuming the outputs of the photoelectric conversion elements 52A, 52B, 52C, and 52D are A, B, C, and D respectively, the output of the subtractor 61 is (A - D), and the output of the subtractor 62 is (B - C). The subtractor 63 calculates (A - D) - (B - C) and outputs a signal corresponding to the displacement in the X direction, which is (A + C) - (B + D). The adder 64 calculates (A - D) + (B - C) and outputs a signal corresponding to the displacement in the Y direction, which is (A + B) - (C + D). The CPU 10 captures the signals corresponding to the displacements in the X and Y directions via the input port 13 as position information and uses it for the processing of wind direction and wind speed measurement.

[0046] In this embodiment, a test is conducted by applying a wind with known necessary wind direction and wind speed values to the wind receiving part 160. The signals corresponding to the obtained displacements in the X and Y directions are used as XY position information, and a conversion table as shown in FIG. 25 for extracting the corresponding wind direction information and wind speed information is obtained and stored in the external storage device 17. In the above, the wind direction information is indicated by 16 azimuths, and the above XY position information is assigned to one of the 16 azimuths. However, the positive direction of the X-axis from the center of the photoelectric conversion part 50A shown in FIG. 23 can be used as a line segment of 0 degrees, and the angle formed by the line segment connecting the center of the photoelectric conversion part 50A shown in FIG. 23 and the point of the XY position information corresponding to the center of the obtained light R can be directly used as the wind direction. Also, the angle expressed in radians can be used as the wind direction.

[0047] In this embodiment, the CPU 10 performs the measurement process of wind direction and wind speed according to the procedure of the flowchart in FIG. 26. It captures from the position information input port based on the output of the photoelectric conversion part 50A to obtain the position information (S31). It determines which wind direction and wind speed the position information corresponds to using the conversion table of the external storage device 17 (S32). When the measurement time for obtaining the wind direction and wind speed information in this way reaches a predetermined time (for example, 5 minutes) (S33), the average is obtained as the wind direction and wind speed and output from the output port 14 (S34). Thereby, the wind direction and wind speed are displayed on the display device 20. In the above, the wind direction and wind speed averaged after waiting for the elapse of a predetermined time are displayed. However, especially when using angle notation or radian notation, the measured wind direction and wind speed may be displayed in real time as they are.

Explanation of Reference Numerals

[0048] 10 CPU 11 Main memory 12 Bus 13 Input port 14 Output port 15 External memory interface 16 Wireless communication unit 17 External memory device 18 Processing unit interface 20 Display device 21 Wireless communication unit 31 Light emitting unit 50, 50A Photoelectric conversion unit 51 Photoelectric conversion element 55 Recording area 60 Camera 90 Character recognition unit 100 Spherical housing 110 Movable part 110A Tip 110B Rear end 110X Movable part 111 Ring 112 Connecting part 120 Support plate 130 Bearing part 150 Fixing part 150A Fixing part 160 Wind receiving part 170 Opening 200 Measuring device 200A Measuring device 210 Wind direction and wind speed conversion unit 500 Discrimination information recording surface

Claims

1. A movable unit is provided with a light emitting unit that emits light toward the arbitrary position on the sky surface, the movable unit being provided with a light emitting unit that emits light toward the arbitrary position on the sky surface, the movable unit being provided with a light emitting unit that emits light toward the arbitrary position on the sky surface, the movable unit being provided with a light emitting unit that emits light toward the arbitrary position on the sky surface, the movable unit being provided with a light emitting unit that emits light toward the arbitrary position on the sky surface, and ... a fixed part disposed on the side of the sky surface facing the movable part, for acquiring position information of a position on the sky surface to which the movable part faces during measurement, the fixed part being provided with a plurality of photoelectric conversion parts that receive light and perform photoelectric conversion; a wind receiving part attached to the movable part and adapted to move the movable part in response to received wind; a wind direction and speed conversion unit that acquires the position information from the movable unit or the fixed unit when the movable unit is moved by the wind receiving unit and converts the position information into wind direction information and wind speed information, the wind direction information and wind speed information being assigned to positions on a plane whose center is the position of a photoelectric conversion element irradiated by light emitted by the light emitting unit when there is no wind, the wind direction and speed information being assigned to positions on a plane whose center is the position of the photoelectric conversion element irradiated by light emitted by the light emitting unit when there is no wind, the wind direction and speed conversion unit has a conversion table for determining the wind direction and speed information, and searches the conversion table based on the position information to obtain the wind direction and speed information; A wind direction and speed measuring device comprising:

2. The photoelectric conversion unit has a configuration in which a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements are arranged in a mesh shape. The wind direction and speed measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the conversion table is a conversion table for determining the wind direction and speed information from the identification information of the photoelectric conversion elements, the conversion table setting the position of the photoelectric conversion element illuminated by the light emitted by the light emitting unit when there is no wind as the wind direction and speed center, assigning the wind direction and speed information of this wind direction and speed center to zero, assigning the same wind direction information to photoelectric conversion elements that fall within the same central angle range by equally dividing 360 degrees at a specified angle from this wind direction and speed center, and assigning specified wind speed information to photoelectric conversion elements that are within a specified distance from the wind direction and speed center.

3. 3. The wind direction and speed measuring device according to claim 2, wherein the range of the predetermined distance from the wind direction and speed center is equal to the distance from the wind direction and speed center to the farthest point.

4. 3. The wind direction and speed measuring device according to claim 2, wherein the wind direction and speed converting unit obtains position information according to a photoelectric conversion element that outputs a signal having a high intensity from among the plurality of photoelectric conversion elements.

5. The wind direction and speed measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the conversion table is a conversion table which performs a test by blowing wind with all necessary known values ​​of wind direction and speed onto the wind receiving part, assigns the obtained change in wind direction and speed to identification information of each photoelectric conversion element in correspondence with the change, and derives the corresponding wind direction information and wind speed information.

6. the fixed portion is configured with an image sensor that receives light and performs photoelectric conversion; The wind direction and speed measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the conversion table stores wind direction information calculated by the angle between a horizontal line or a vertical line and a position of any coordinate information on a plane with the wind direction and speed center set to the position where the light emitted by the light emitting unit is irradiated when there is no wind, and the angle formed by the horizontal line or the vertical line and the position of any coordinate information on the plane with the wind direction and speed center set to the wind direction and speed center, and further has a conversion table for calculating wind speed information from the distance from the wind direction and speed center to the position of any coordinate information, and the conversion table is searched based on the position information.

7. The wind direction and speed measuring device according to claim 6, characterized in that the conversion table is a conversion table in which a test is performed by blowing wind of known wind direction and speed having all required values ​​onto the wind receiving part, the distance between the obtained coordinate value and the coordinate value of the center of the wind direction and speed is calculated, and this distance is associated with the known wind speed used in the test.

8. The fixing portion is In a square region, four photoelectric conversion elements of the same size, namely a first photoelectric conversion element, a second photoelectric conversion element, a third photoelectric conversion element, and a fourth photoelectric conversion element, are arranged clockwise from the upper left corner of the square region, and each of the first photoelectric conversion element, the second photoelectric conversion element, the third photoelectric conversion element, and the fourth photoelectric conversion element outputs a current proportional to the amount of light emitted by the light emission unit, The wind direction and wind speed conversion unit is a first subtractor that subtracts an output of the third photoelectric conversion element from an output of the first photoelectric conversion element; a second subtractor that subtracts an output of the fourth photoelectric conversion element from an output of the second photoelectric conversion element; a third subtractor that outputs a signal corresponding to a displacement in an X direction of a position where the light emitted by the light emitting unit enters by subtracting an output of the second subtractor from an output of the first subtractor; and a first adder that outputs a signal corresponding to a displacement in a Y direction of a position where the light emitted by the light emitting unit enters by adding an output of the first subtractor and an output of the second subtractor.

2. The wind direction and speed measuring device according to claim 1, further comprising:

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