Micronizer

Abstract

To provide a fine grinding machine which is resistant to deterioration and breakdown of the bearings of a rotary shaft and has good durability. [Solution] The mill 1 includes a cylindrical casing 2 with its central axis oriented horizontally, an intake duct 3 connected to one end of the casing 2, an exhaust duct 4 connected to the other end of the casing 2, a rotary shaft 15 extending horizontally within the casing 2, a rotary blade 43 connected to the rotary shaft 15, a fixed blade 42 fixed to the inner surface of the casing 2, a first bearing 6 supporting one end of the rotary shaft 15, and a second bearing 7 supporting the other end of the rotary shaft 15. The intake side wall 24, the grinding section wall 25, and the exhaust side wall 26 within the casing 2 form the casing body. The airflow generated by the intake impeller 41 is guided to the cooling air duct 31, and the first bearing 6 is cooled by outside air drawn in through a cooling air inlet 64 at one end of the cooling air duct 31. The cooling air duct 31 has a cross-section that narrows downstream from the cooling air inlet 64.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a fine crusher used for pulverizing various raw materials and various wastes.

Background Art

[0002] In the ore pulverization process in the metal refining process, the clinker pulverization process in the cement manufacturing process, and the solid pulverization process in the waste treatment process, a fine crusher is used. As a conventional fine crusher, there is one provided with a cylindrical vertical casing, a rotating shaft vertically installed in the casing, a rotating blade fixed to the rotating shaft, and a fixed blade disposed inside the casing facing the rotating blade (for example, see Patent Document 1).

[0003] A pulley is connected to the lower end of the rotating shaft, and a rotational force is transmitted from a motor via a belt wound around the pulley, driving the rotating shaft. The lower end of this rotating shaft is supported by a thrust bearing, and the upper end is supported by a radial bearing.

[0004] This fine crusher generates wind with blades fixed to the upper and lower ends of the rotating shaft, and by this wind, the object to be processed is sucked from the inlet at the lower end of the casing. The sucked object to be processed is pulverized as it moves in a swirling manner from below to above between the rotationally driven rotating blade and the fixed blade. The pulverized object to be processed is discharged from the discharge port at the upper end of the casing and recovered by a filter device connected to the downstream side of this fine crusher. This fine crusher is used for applications where an object to be processed with dimensions of about several mm to 20 mm is pulverized and prepared to dimensions of about several μm to 5 mm.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0005]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0006] However, in the above-described conventional fine crusher, since the rotating shaft to which the fixed blade is fixed is oriented in the vertical direction, a relatively large load is applied to the thrust bearing that supports the lower end of the rotating shaft. Therefore, there is a problem that the thrust bearing is likely to deteriorate. In addition, there is a risk that fine pieces of the object to be processed may fall and mix into the thrust bearing located at the lower part of the casing, causing a failure. Further, when the vertically oriented rotating shaft is rotationally driven, it performs a whipping motion, increasing the load on the radial bearing at the upper end and potentially leading to deterioration and failure. Thus, the conventional fine crusher tends to have relatively low durability due to the bearings of the rotating shaft.

[0007] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a fine crusher in which deterioration and failure are less likely to occur in the bearings of the rotating shaft and which has good durability.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0008] To solve the above problems, the fine crusher of the present invention has a generally cylindrical casing body that is arranged with its central axis in the horizontal direction, has an object-to-be-processed suction port for sucking the object to be processed before processing at one end side, and has an object-to-be-processed discharge port for discharging the object to be processed after processing at the other end side, a rotating shaft that is arranged to penetrate the above-described casing body and extends in the horizontal direction, a rotating blade connected to the above-described rotating shaft, a fixed blade fixed inside the above-described casing body so as to surround the above-described rotating blade, a rotating vane connected to the above-described rotating shaft to generate wind, an object-to-be-processed suction passage that guides the object to be processed before pulverization from the above-described object-to-be-processed suction port between the rotating blade and the fixed blade by the flow of the wind generated by the above-described rotating vane, an object-to-be-processed discharge passage that guides the object to be processed after pulverization from between the above-described rotating blade and the fixed blade to the object-to-be-processed discharge port by the flow of the wind generated by the above-described rotating vane, a first bearing that is arranged at one end side of the above-described casing body and supports one end of the above-described rotating shaft, A second bearing that is disposed on the other end side of the casing body and supports the other end of the rotating shaft, A cooling air passage that guides the air flow generated by the rotating blade to the first bearing or the second bearing to cool the first bearing or the second bearing are provided.

[0009] According to the above configuration, a generally cylindrical casing body having a workpiece suction port on one end side and a workpiece discharge port on the other end side is arranged with its central axis in the horizontal direction, and a rotating shaft extending in the horizontal direction is arranged inside this casing body. The rotating shaft is preferably arranged coaxially with the casing body. A rotating blade is connected to this rotating shaft, and a fixed blade is fixed inside the casing body so as to surround this rotating blade. When the above rotating shaft is rotationally driven, wind is generated by the rotating blades connected to this rotating shaft. The flow of the wind generated by this rotating blade is guided to the workpiece suction passage and the workpiece discharge passage. Due to the flow of the wind in the workpiece suction passage, the workpiece before processing sucked from the workpiece suction port is guided between the rotating blade and the fixed blade. This workpiece is crushed by the action of the rotating blade connected to the rotationally driven rotating shaft and the fixed blade, and for example, dimensions of about several millimeters to 20 millimeters are adjusted to about several microns to 5 millimeters. The processed workpiece after being crushed is guided from between the rotating blade and the fixed blade to the workpiece discharge port by the flow of the wind in the workpiece discharge passage, and is discharged from this workpiece discharge port to the outside of the casing body. On one end side of the above casing body, a first bearing for supporting one end of the above rotating shaft is arranged, and on the other end side of the above casing body, a second bearing for supporting the other end of the above rotating shaft is arranged. The above first bearing or second bearing is cooled by the flow of the wind generated by the above rotating blade being guided through the cooling air passage. In this way, since the rotating shaft that drives the rotating blade and the rotating blades is arranged facing the horizontal direction, the first bearing and the second bearing that support this rotating shaft have a smaller load than the thrust bearings of conventional fine grinders. Also, since the rotating shaft arranged facing the horizontal direction is less likely to generate a whipping motion during rotational drive like a conventional fine grinder, the first bearing and the second bearing have a smaller load due to the whipping motion than before. In this way, the first bearing or the second bearing has a small load, and the flow of the wind generated by the rotating blade is guided and cooled by the cooling air passage, so that the occurrence of deterioration and failure can be prevented more effectively than before. As a result, a fine grinder with better durability than before can be obtained.

[0010] In a pulverizer according to an embodiment, the cooling air passage is provided at a position close to the first bearing or the second bearing and communicates with a cooling air inlet for sucking outside air.

[0011] According to the above embodiment, the air flow generated by the rotating blades is guided to the cooling air inlet through the cooling air passage, whereby outside air is sucked from the cooling air inlet. That is, the rotating blades form a flow for sucking outside air from the cooling air inlet. Due to this air flow, the first bearing or the second bearing close to the cooling air inlet can be effectively cooled.

[0012] In a pulverizer according to an embodiment, the cooling air passage is formed so as to be connected to the object to be processed suction passage.

[0013] According to the above embodiment, due to the air flow generated by the rotating blades and passing through the object to be processed suction passage, the object to be processed is guided from the object to be processed inlet between the rotating blade and the fixed blade. Also, the air generated by the rotating blades passes through the cooling air passage, and thereby the first bearing is cooled by the flow of outside air sucked into the cooling air inlet. That is, since the air flow generated by the rotating blades is separated from the object to be processed suction passage for sucking the object to be processed and guided to the cooling air passage, cooling can be performed while preventing the object to be processed from entering the first bearing or the second bearing.

[0014] In a pulverizer according to an embodiment, the cooling air passage has a reduced cross section that narrows toward the downstream side from the cooling air inlet.

[0015] According to the above embodiment, since the cooling air passage has a reduced cross section that narrows toward the downstream side from the cooling air inlet, outside air can be effectively taken into the cooling air inlet. Therefore, the air flow sucked from the cooling air inlet can be effectively brought into contact with the first bearing or the second bearing. As a result, the first bearing or the second bearing can be effectively cooled.

[0016] In a pulverizer according to an embodiment, at least a part of the vicinity of the cooling air inlet of the cooling air passage is formed in a frustum of a cone shape.

[0017] According to the above embodiment, since at least a part of the vicinity of the cooling air inlet of the cooling air passage is formed in a frustum shape, the flow of the air inhaled from the cooling air inlet can be effectively brought into contact with the first bearing or the second bearing.

[0018] The fine crusher according to one embodiment includes a first rotating blade that generates air guided to the object to be processed suction passage or the object to be processed discharge passage, and a second rotating blade that is disposed separately from the first rotating blade and generates air guided to the cooling air passage. The cooling air passage is provided at a position close to the first bearing or the second bearing and communicates with a cooling air outlet that discharges at least a part of the air generated by the second rotating blade.

[0019] According to the above embodiment, at least a part of the air generated by the second rotating blade flows through the cooling air passage and is blown out from the cooling air outlet provided at a position close to the first bearing or the second bearing. The air discharged from this cooling air outlet can effectively cool the first bearing or the second bearing. Here, the rotating blade includes a first rotating blade that generates air guided to the object to be processed suction passage or the object to be processed discharge passage, and a second rotating blade that generates air guided to the cooling air passage, and the second rotating blade is disposed separately from the first rotating blade. Therefore, since the mixing of the object to be processed into the air guided to the cooling air passage is prevented, the first bearing or the second bearing can be effectively cooled by clean air.

[0020] In the fine crusher according to one embodiment, the rotating blade is connected to one end side of the rotating shaft rather than the rotating blade.

[0021] According to the above embodiment, the air inhaled from the object to be processed inlet and flowing through the object to be processed suction passage can be effectively generated by the rotating blade connected to the rotating shaft at a position on one end side rather than the rotating blade. Further, when the cooling air inlet is provided at a position close to the first bearing, the air inhaled from this cooling air inlet and flowing through the cooling air passage can be effectively generated.

[0022] In a pulverizer according to an embodiment, the rotary blades are connected to the other end side of the rotary shaft with respect to the rotary blade on the rotary shaft.

[0023] According to the above embodiment, the rotary blades connected to the other end side of the rotary shaft can effectively generate the wind that flows through the object to be processed discharge passage and is discharged from the object to be processed discharge port.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0024]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

Figure 8

Figure 9

Figure 10

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0025] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the illustrated embodiments.

[0026] FIG. 1 is a front view showing a fine crusher according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the fine crusher. The fine crusher of the present embodiment crushes an object to be processed having dimensions from several millimeters to about 20 millimeters and adjusts the dimensions to about several microns to 5 millimeters. This fine crusher is used in the mining, ceramic, wood, agricultural, fishing, textile, and waste treatment industries, etc., and is used to crush various raw materials and materials.

[0027] This fine crusher 1 includes a casing 2 having a generally cylindrical shape, a suction duct 3 provided at one axial end side of the casing 2 for guiding the object to be processed before treatment into the casing 2, and a discharge duct 4 provided at the other axial end side of the casing 2 for discharging the object to be processed after treatment from the casing 2. A first bearing 6 is disposed at one end side of the casing 2 separated by the suction duct 3. Also, a second bearing 7 is disposed at the other end side of the casing 2 separated by the discharge duct 4. The casing 2, the discharge duct 4, the first bearing 6, and the second bearing 7 are installed on a base 11. The casing 2 is formed including a crushing section casing 21 located at the central portion in the axial direction, a suction side casing 22 adjacent to one end side of the crushing section casing 21, and a discharge side casing 23 adjacent to the other end side of the crushing section casing 22. The crushing section casing 21 is provided with openings and doors on both the left and right sides in the axial view, and these doors are formed to be movable in the horizontal direction to open the interior. Rails 12 for moving the doors on both sides of the crushing section casing 21 to the left and right respectively are laid on the base 11 and at positions projecting from the side portion of the base 11. The rails 12 extend in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the crushing section casing 21 in the plan view. The first bearing 6 and the second bearing 7 support a rotating shaft disposed to penetrate through the casing 2, and a motor 9 for rotationally driving this rotating shaft is disposed on the base 11.

[0028] FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the fine crusher 1, showing the state where the fine crusher 1 is cut along the central axis of the casing 2. As shown in FIG. 3, the rotating shaft 15 is disposed so as to penetrate the casing 2, the suction duct 3 on one end side of the casing 2, and the discharge duct 4 on the other end side of the casing 2. The rotating shaft 15 is supported by a first bearing 6 disposed on one end side of the suction duct 3 and a second bearing 7 disposed on the other end side of the discharge duct 4, and a driving pulley 16 is connected to one end portion protruding from the first bearing 6. The first bearing 6 and the second bearing 7 that support the rotating shaft 15 are formed of radial bearings that support loads in the direction perpendicular to the axis.

[0029] The crushing part casing 21 that constitutes the casing 2 has a cylindrical crushing part wall body 25 formed coaxially with the rotating shaft 15, and a fixed blade 42 is fixed to the inner surface of the crushing part wall body 25. Inside the crushing part wall body 25 of the crushing part casing 21, a plurality of rotating blades 43, 43, 43 ··· are arranged so as to face the fixed blade 42 and are rotationally driven by the rotating shaft 15.

[0030] The fixed blade 42 has a tile-like shape in which a cylinder is divided into a plurality of parts in the circumferential direction, and has an axial dimension slightly smaller than the inner surface of the crushing part wall body 25. The fixed blade 42 is provided with a plurality of convex strips having a trapezoidal cross section extending parallel to the central axis on the curved inner surface. By the rotating blade 43 being rotationally driven and the tip of the rotating blade 43 repeatedly coming into contact with and separating from the convex strip of the fixed blade 42, the object to be processed guided between the rotating blade 43 and the fixed blade 42 is formed to be crushed.

[0031] The fixed blades 42 are arranged in number from 10 to 20 on the inner surface of the crushing section wall body 25 according to the dimension in the direction perpendicular to the axis. Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the fixing portion of the fixed blade 42 to the crushing section wall body 25, and shows a cross-section in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the casing 2. The fixed blade 42 is fixed to the crushing section wall body 25 by a bolt 52 inserted into a through-hole provided in the crushing section wall body 25 and a fixture 53 as a fitting member screwed onto the bolt 52. Specifically, two fixing through-holes 51 as enlarged through-holes are formed at one end side and the other end side in the axial direction of the fixed blade 42. These fixing through-holes 51 have a square shape when viewed from the inner surface of the fixed blade 42, and are formed in a frustum shape of a pyramid in which the cross-sectional area expands from the outer surface of the fixed blade 42 toward the inner surface. A frustum-shaped fixture 53 provided with a female screw hole is fitted into the frustum-shaped fixing through-hole 51 such that the upper bottom surface of the fixture 53 faces the bottom side of the fixing through-hole 51, that is, the side in contact with the crushing section wall body 25. A male screw of the bolt 52 inserted into the through-hole of the crushing section wall body 25 is screwed into the female screw hole of the fixture 53 fitted into the fixing through-hole 51, and the fixed blade 42 is fixed inside the crushing section wall body 25 via the fixture 53. Note that the female screw hole formed in the fixture 53 can be formed so as to penetrate the fixture 53, but it is preferably formed in a bottomed shape that does not penetrate the fixture 53. By forming the female screw hole in a bottomed shape, the tip of the bolt 52 screwed into the fixture 53 is not exposed between the ridges of the fixed blade 42, so that contact between the female screw hole or the bolt 52 and the object to be processed can be prevented. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the inconvenience of corrosion caused by the object to be processed and the inconvenience of the female screw hole being clogged with the object to be processed.

[0032] The suction casing 22 that constitutes the casing 2 has a cylindrical suction side wall body 24 formed coaxially with the rotary shaft 15, and a suction impeller 41 is disposed inside the suction side wall body 24. The suction side wall body 24 has, at one end, an end face plate that opens so as to surround the rotary shaft 15, and the opening of this end face plate forms a workpiece suction port 55 for sucking a workpiece to be processed before processing into the casing main body. The suction impeller 41 is radially fixed to a support disk 46A on one end side of a rotary blade support structure 45 that is fixed to the rotary shaft 15 and supports the rotary blade 43 so as to surround the rotary shaft 15. The suction impeller 41 is formed of a plate-like body that extends in the radial direction of the rotary shaft 15 and in the radial direction of the support disk 46A, and the radially outer side edge is inclined toward the outer diameter side toward one end side. Further, the radially inner side edge of the suction impeller 41 is inclined toward the outer diameter side toward one end side. The one end side edges of the plurality of suction impellers 41 are fixed to an annular end face plate 47 disposed concentrically with the rotary shaft 15. When the suction impeller 41 is rotationally driven, an air flow for transporting the workpiece is formed from the central hole of the end face plate 47 toward between the fixed blade 42 and the rotary blade 43 of the grinding section casing 21, and a workpiece suction passage 57 is formed in the suction casing 22. Thus, due to the air flow formed by the suction impeller 41, the workpiece is sucked from the suction duct 3 through the workpiece suction port 55 and the central hole of the end face plate 47, and is transported through the workpiece suction passage 57 of the suction casing 22 as indicated by the arrow W2.

[0033] The discharge-side casing 23 that constitutes the casing 2 has a cylindrical discharge-side wall body 26 formed coaxially with the rotary shaft 15, and discharge blades 44 are disposed inside this discharge-side wall body 26. The discharge-side wall body 26 has, at the other end, an end face wall 61 formed with a plurality of generally fan-shaped openings surrounding the rotary shaft 15, and the openings of this end face wall 61 form a workpiece discharge port 62 for discharging the workpiece after pulverization from inside the main body casing. The discharge blades 44 are radially fixed so as to surround the rotary shaft 15 to the support disk 46B on the other end side of a rotary blade support structure 45 that is fixed to the rotary shaft 15 and supports the rotary blade 43. The discharge blades 44 are formed of plate-like bodies extending in the radial direction of the rotary shaft 15 and in the radial direction of the support disk 46B, and the radially outer side edges are inclined toward the inner diameter side toward the other end side. Further, the radially inner side edges of the discharge blades 44 are in contact with the rotary shaft 15. The edges on the other end side of the plurality of discharge blades 44 are fixed to a circular end face plate 48 fixed concentrically with the rotary shaft 15. When the discharge blades 44 are rotationally driven, an air flow for transporting the workpiece from between the fixed blade 42 and the rotary blade 43 of the pulverization section casing 21 toward the workpiece discharge port 62 is formed, and a workpiece discharge passage 58 is formed inside the discharge-side casing 23. Thus, by the air flow formed by the discharge blades 44, the workpiece pulverized by the fixed blade 42 and the rotary blade 43 is transported through the workpiece discharge passage 58 of the discharge-side casing 23 as indicated by the arrow W3 and guided to the discharge duct 4.

[0034] The suction-side wall body 24 of the suction-side casing 22, the pulverization-section wall body 25 of the pulverization-section casing 21, and the discharge-side wall body 26 of the discharge-side casing 23 are formed with the same diameter and arranged coaxially, forming a cylindrical processing chamber inside. The casing main body is formed by these suction-side wall body 24, pulverization-section wall body 25, and discharge-side wall body 26.

[0035] FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the grinding section casing 21 of the fine grinder 1 in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis 15, and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a state where the doors on both sides of the grinding section casing 21 are moved to release the interior. In the grinding section wall 25 of the grinding section casing 21, openings 25a are formed on the left and right side portions in the axial direction view. The grinding section casing 21 includes a fixed frame body 21A fixed on the base 11, a first moving frame body 21B connected to the right side when viewed from the other end side to the one end side of the casing 2 with respect to the fixed frame body 21A, and a second moving frame body 21C connected to the left side. The first moving frame body 21B and the second moving frame body 21C respectively constitute doors that open and close the opening 25a of the grinding section wall 25 of the grinding section casing 21.

[0036] The fixed frame body 21A of the grinding section casing 21 has vertical frames 27, 27 respectively connected to the other end side of the suction side casing 22 and the one end side of the discharge side casing 23 and erected on the base 11, and between these vertical frames 27, 27, the grinding section wall 25 is supported. In the left and right side portions of the grinding section wall 25 in the axial direction view, rectangular openings 25a are respectively formed in the direction perpendicular to the axis. The door wall body 35 provided on the first moving frame body 21B and the door wall body 35 provided on the second moving frame body 21C are respectively fitted into these openings 25a. The grinding section wall 25 has a cylindrical shape with flanges formed at the upper and lower ends and has openings 25a on both side portions in the axial direction view. On the inner surface of the grinding section wall 25, a plurality of fixed blades 42, 42, 42,... are fixed by bolts 52 and fixtures 53 as shown in FIG. 4.

[0037] The first moving frame body 21B of the grinding section casing 21 has wheels 29 mounted at the lower end and a support frame 28 as a support member that is curved so that the upper part forms an inner surface of a substantially semi-cylindrical shape. A tile-shaped door wall body 35 having an arcuate cross-section is attached to the inner surface of this support frame 28, and a plurality of fixed blades 42 are fixed to the inner surface of this door wall body 35. The fixed blades 42 are fixed to the door wall body 35 by bolts 52 and fixtures 53 in the same manner as the grinding section wall 25 of FIG. 4.

[0038] Further, similar to the first moving frame 21B, the second moving frame 21C of the crushing unit casing 21 has a support frame 28 with wheels 29 mounted at its lower end. A door wall body 35 is attached to the inner surface of this support frame 28, and a plurality of fixed blades 42 are fixed to the inner surface of this door wall body 35. The second moving frame 21C is formed symmetrically with the first moving frame 21B with respect to the vertical plane passing through the central axis of the crushing unit wall body 25.

[0039] The first moving frame 21B and the second moving frame 21C are formed to be movable in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis 15 with respect to the fixed frame 21A along the rail 12 fixed to the base 11. The first moving frame 21B and the second moving frame 21C are formed to be movable by manual force. Note that the first moving frame 21B and the second moving frame 21C may incorporate a motor and be formed to be movable by driving the wheels 29 to rotate with the motor. When the first moving frame 21B and the second moving frame 21C are connected to the fixed frame 21A, the crushing unit wall body 25, the door wall body 35 of the first moving frame 21B, and the door wall body 35 of the second moving frame 21C form a cylindrical inner surface. At the upper ends of the first moving frame 21B and the second moving frame 21C, flanges facing the fixed frame 21A side are provided. When the first moving frame 21B and the second moving frame 21C are connected to the fixed frame 21A, the flanges of the first moving frame 21B and the second moving frame 21C abut against the flange at the upper end of the fixed frame 21A. By fixing the flange of the fixed frame 21A and the flanges of the first moving frame 21B and the second moving frame 21C with bolts, the opening 25a of the crushing unit wall body 25 is held in a closed state. On the other hand, at the end of the rail 12 far from the fixed frame 21A, a vehicle stop plate (not shown) with bolt holes provided at the upper end is erected. When the first moving frame 21B and the second moving frame 21C are moved away from the fixed frame 21A, the support frames 28 of the first moving frame 21B and the second moving frame 21C abut against the vehicle stop plate, preventing deviation from the rail 12. Also, by screwing a bolt inserted through the bolt hole of the vehicle stop plate to the support frame 28, the first moving frame 21B and the second moving frame 21C can be held at the end of the rail 12.

[0040] FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a fitting portion between an upper portion of an opening 25a of a crushing portion wall 25 of a fixed frame 21A of a crushing portion casing 21 and a door wall 35 of a first moving frame 21B. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a fitting portion between a side portion of an opening a of a crushing portion wall 25 of a fixed frame 21A and a door wall 35 of a first moving frame 21B. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, at the upper and lower edges of the opening 25a of the crushing portion wall 25, the edges of the fixed blade 42 fixed to the inside protrude in the circumferential direction from the upper and lower edges of the opening 25a of the crushing portion wall 25. Also, on both side portions of the opening 25a of the crushing portion wall 25, plate-shaped edge members 30 are fixed to the inside of the crushing portion wall 25 along the side edges extending in the circumferential direction of the opening 25a. This edge member 30 protrudes in the axial direction from the side edges on both sides of the opening 25a of the crushing portion wall 25.

[0041] On the other hand, at the upper and lower edges of the door wall 35 of the first moving frame 21B, as shown in FIG. 7, the edges of the fixed blade 42 fixed to the inner surface are recessed in the circumferential direction from the edges of the door wall 35. Also, at the side edges on both sides in the axial direction of the door wall 35, as shown in FIG. 8, the edges of the fixed blade 42 fixed to the inner surface are recessed in the axial direction from the edges of the door wall 35. In the vicinity of the upper and lower edges and both side edges in the axial direction of this door wall 35, on the inner surface formed by the recessed edges of the fixed blade 42, and on the inner surface of the portion protruding in the circumferential and axial directions from the fixed blade 42, a first seal member 72 formed of a rubber plate is provided so as to surround the fixed blade 42.

[0042] Further, the door wall 35 of the first moving frame 21B is provided with plate-shaped covering members 71 on the outer surfaces of the four edges of the door wall 35 so as to protrude in the circumferential and axial directions from the edges of the door wall 35. This covering member 71 is curved so as to form an arc-shaped cross-section concentric with the rotating shaft 15, and a second seal member 73 formed of a rubber plate is provided on the inner surface facing the rotating shaft 15 side so as to surround the door wall 35.

[0043] When the first moving frame body 21B is connected to the fixed frame body 21A, the first seal member 72 of the door wall body 35 of the first moving frame body 21B contacts the outer surface of the fixed blade 42 protruding from the crushing part wall body 25 of the fixed frame body 21A and the outer surface of the edge member 30 protruding from the crushing part wall body 25 of the fixed frame body 21A. Thereby, it is formed so as to seal between the fixed blade 42 and the edge member 30 and the door wall body 35. At the same time, the second seal member 73 on the inner surface of the covering member 71 contacts the outer surface of the crushing part wall body 25 of the fixed frame body 21A, and is formed so as to seal between the crushing part wall body 25 and the covering member 71.

[0044] In this way, the edge member 30 provided on the fixed frame body 21A, the covering member 71 provided on the first moving frame body 21B, and the first and second seal members 72, 73 are formed so as to seal the crushing part wall body 25 at the fitting portion between the fixed frame body 21A and the first moving frame body 21B.

[0045] Also, at the fitting portion between the opening 25a of the crushing part wall body 25 of the fixed frame body 21A and the door wall body 35 of the second moving frame body 21C, it has the same seal structure as the first moving frame body 21B. That is, edge members 30 are provided along both side edges in the axial direction of the opening 25a on the inner surface of the opening 25a to which the second moving frame body 21C of the fixed frame body 21A is connected. Also, the first seal member 72 is provided so as to surround the fixed blade 42 on the inner surface of the portion protruding more in the circumferential direction and the axial direction than the fixed blade 42 near the upper edge, the lower edge, and both side edges in the axial direction of the door wall body 35 of the second moving frame body 21C. Further, plate-shaped covering members 71 are respectively provided on the outer surfaces of the four edges of the door wall body 35 of the second moving frame body 21C, and the second seal member 73 formed of a rubber plate is provided on the inner surface of this covering member 71 so as to surround the door wall body 35. The edge member 30 provided on the inner surface of the crushing part wall body 25 of the fixed frame body 21A, the covering member 71 provided on the second moving frame body 21C, and the first and second seal members 72, 73 are formed so as to seal the crushing part wall body 25 at the fitting portion between the fixed frame body 21A and the second moving frame body 21C.

[0046] With the fixed frame 21A, the first moving frame 21B, and the second moving frame 21C configured as described above, when the first moving frame 21B and the second moving frame 21C are connected to the fixed frame 21A and the opening 23a is closed, the crushing part wall 25 of the crushing part casing 21 is effectively sealed to prevent leakage of the object to be processed and air.

[0047] The rotating blade 43 disposed inside the crushing part wall 25 of the crushing part casing 21 is supported by a rotating blade support structure 45 fixed to the rotating shaft 15. The rotating blade support mechanism 45 has a plurality of members fixed at predetermined intervals in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 15, a support disk 46 concentric with the rotating shaft 15, a plurality of plate-shaped rotating blade mounting plates 50 fixed at predetermined circumferential intervals on the outer diameter side between these support disks 46 and extending in the radial direction, and an auxiliary disk 49 disposed between adjacent support disks 46 so as to intersect the center in the width direction of the rotating blade mounting plate 50 and concentric with the rotating shaft 15. The rotating blade 43 is attached to the rotating blade mounting plate 50 of the rotating blade support mechanism 45. The end face of the rotating blade 43 facing the fixed blade 42 is formed in a plate shape perpendicular to the surface in contact with the rotating blade mounting plate 50, and two bolt holes for attachment to the rotating blade mounting plate 50 are arranged in a direction parallel to the rotating shaft 15. The rotating blade mounting plate 50 is provided with elongated holes extending in the radial direction, and the rotating blade 43 is fixed to the rotating blade mounting plate 50 by bolts inserted through these elongated holes and the bolt holes of the rotating blade 43. By moving the bolts fixing the rotating blade 43 within the elongated holes of the rotating blade mounting plate 50, the protruding amount of the rotating blade 43 from the rotating blade mounting plate 50 can be adjusted, and thus, the clearance between the tip of the rotating blade 43 and the tip of the ridge of the fixed blade 42 is formed to be adjustable. By adjusting the clearance between the rotating blade 43 and the fixed blade 42, the dimensions after crushing can be adjusted according to the type of the object to be processed.

[0048] FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view of the suction duct 3, which is a longitudinal sectional view taken by cutting the suction duct 3 in the vicinity of the connection portion with the casing 2 and viewing from the other end side toward the one end side. The suction duct 3 has a rectangular cross section and is arranged to extend in a substantially horizontal direction, and an opening 3a is provided at an end portion protruding laterally in a front view. The other end of the suction duct 3 is formed in a semi-cylindrical shape concentric with the rotation shaft 15, and the suction duct 3 is connected to the casing 2 so that this semi-cylindrical portion surrounds the workpiece suction port 55 formed in the end face plate of the suction side casing 22. That is, the suction duct 3 and the suction side casing 22 of the casing 2 communicate with each other through the workpiece suction port 55. When the rotation shaft 15 is rotationally driven and the suction blades 41 in the suction side casing 22 rotate to form an air flow sucked from the workpiece suction port 55, an air flow flowing from the opening 3a toward the workpiece suction port 55 is formed in the suction duct 3. The workpiece introduced from the opening 3a of the suction duct 3 is sucked into the casing 22 from the workpiece suction port 55 and is formed to be guided between the fixed blade 42 and the rotating blade 43 in the grinding portion casing 21 through the workpiece suction passage 57 as shown by the arrow W2.

[0049] At the other end of the suction duct 3, a cooling air duct 31 having a generally frustum - of - cone shape coaxial with the rotary shaft 15 is arranged so as to surround the rotary shaft 15. One end portion of this cooling air duct 31 is formed in a cylindrical shape with a short axis, and a cooling air suction port 64 formed at the end of this cylindrical portion opens so as to face the other end side portion of the first bearing 6. On the other hand, at the tip of the frustum - of - cone shaped portion at the other end of the cooling air duct 31, a cooling air discharge confluence port 32 opens near the workpiece suction port 55. The cooling air duct 31 has a cross - section that narrows from one end to the other end, is formed so as to allow the air flow formed by the suction blades 41 to flow inside, and forms a cooling air passage 65 inside. As air flows through the cooling air passage 65 in this cooling air duct 31, outside air is sucked in from the cooling air suction port 64, and cooling air as shown by the arrow W0 is formed. By this cooling air, the first bearing 6 is cooled. The cooling air discharged from the cooling air discharge confluence port 32 of the cooling air duct 31 through the cooling air passage 65 merges with the air that conveys the workpiece in the suction duct 3 as shown by the arrow W1 and is led to the workpiece suction passage 57. Note that the cooling air duct 31 forming the cooling air passage 65 does not have to be frustum - of - cone shaped, and for example, it may be frustum - of - pyramid shaped or a quadrangular prism shape with a trapezoidal vertical cross - section, as long as it has a cross - section that narrows from one end to the other end.

[0050] FIG. 10 is a plan sectional view showing a state where the suction duct 3 is cut along a plane passing through the center of the rotary shaft 15. As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, at the other end of the suction duct 3, on the side far from the opening 3a with respect to the rotary shaft 15 of the cooling air duct 31, a workpiece reflector 33 for changing the moving direction of the workpiece toward the workpiece suction port 55 is provided. The workpiece reflector 33 is formed of a plate - like body inclined at an angle of about 45° with respect to the vertical plane passing through the center of the rotary shaft 15. The workpiece conveyed in the suction duct 3 by the air flow collides with the workpiece reflector 33 and the moving direction is changed in a direction substantially at a right angle, whereby it is formed so as to be effectively sucked into the workpiece suction port 55.

[0051] As shown in the front view of FIG. 1 and the longitudinal sectional view of FIG. 3, the discharge duct 4 has an annular flow passage 47 surrounding the rotary shaft 15 and a discharge passage communicating tangentially with the flow passage 47, and a discharge port 4a is formed at the end of the discharge passage. The object to be processed conveyed from the discharge side casing 23 of the casing 2 is formed to swirl and flow in the flow passage 47 and be discharged from the discharge port 4a.

[0052] The fine grinder 1 configured as described above operates as follows. When the fine grinder 1 is started, the motor 9 rotates, and the rotational force of the motor 9 is transmitted to the rotary shaft 15 via the belt and pulley 16, causing the rotary shaft 15 to rotate. As the rotary shaft 15 rotates, the suction blade 41, the rotary blade 43, and the discharge blade 44 are rotationally driven. When the suction blade 41 is rotationally driven, an air flow is formed in the object to be processed suction passage 57 of the suction side casing 22 from the object to be processed suction port 55 toward between the fixed blade 42 and the rotary blade 43, whereby an air flow is formed in the suction duct 3 from the opening 3a toward the object to be processed suction port 55. At the same time, an air flow is formed in the cooling air duct 31 from the cooling air suction port 64 toward the cooling air blowout confluence port 32.

[0053] The object to be processed, which has been adjusted to a size of about several millimeters to 20 millimeters by, for example, a crusher or the like, is guided to the opening 3a of the suction duct 3 of the activated fine crusher 1, and the object to be processed is sucked into the suction duct 3. The object to be processed conveyed by the air flow in the suction duct 3 is guided from the object to be processed suction port 55 into the suction side wall body 24 of the suction side casing 22. The object to be processed guided from the circular object to be processed suction port 55 to the cylindrical suction side wall body 24 moves to the outer diameter side through between the suction blades 41 and is conveyed in a swirling manner. The object to be processed conveyed in a swirling manner is guided between the rotary blade 43 rotationally driven by the rotary shaft 15 and the fixed blade 42 fixed to the inner surface of the crushing part wall body 25, and is conveyed in a swirling manner between the rotary blade 43 and the fixed blade 42. The object to be processed is crushed by the action of the rotary blade 43 and the fixed blade 42 while flowing between the rotary blade 43 and the fixed blade 42. Here, the rotary blade 43 can effectively pulverize the object to be processed by being rotationally driven at a peripheral speed of, for example, 78 m / sec. Note that the rotary blade 43 is preferably rotationally driven at a peripheral speed of 50 to 90 m / sec, and particularly preferably 60 to 80 m / sec, according to the material of the object to be processed and the particle size to be adjusted.

[0054] The object to be processed crushed in the crushing part wall body 25 is discharged from between the rotary blade 43 and the fixed blade 42 into the discharge side wall body 26 of the discharge side casing 23 by the swirling air flow. The object to be processed crushed and discharged into the discharge side wall body 26 flows in a swirling manner in the discharge side wall body 26 by the air flow generated by the rotationally driven discharge blades 44, and is guided to the discharge duct 4 through the object to be processed discharge port 62. The object to be processed guided to the discharge duct 4 swirls in the discharge duct 4 by the air flow generated by the discharge blades 44 and is discharged from the discharge port 4a. The object to be processed discharged from the discharge port 4a is collected by a filter device connected downstream of the fine crusher 1 and used for a purpose according to the object to be processed.

[0055] When the rotating shaft 15 of the fine crusher 1 according to this embodiment rotates and the suction vane 41 is rotationally driven, outside air is sucked from the cooling air suction port 64 through the cooling air duct 31 by the suction force of the suction vane 41, and thus cooling air is generated. By this cooling air, the first bearing 6 at a position near the cooling air suction port 64 is cooled. Therefore, even if the rotational drive of the rotating shaft 15 is continued, the first bearing 6 is effectively cooled, so that heat generation of the first bearing 6 can be prevented, and thus deterioration and failure of the first bearing 6 can be prevented.

[0056] Further, in the fine crusher 1 according to this embodiment, the casing 2 including the pulverizing section wall 25 is arranged in the horizontal direction, and the rotating shaft 15 penetrating the pulverizing section wall 25 is arranged facing the horizontal direction. Therefore, when the rotating shaft 15 is rotationally driven, a whipping motion like that of a vertical rotating shaft does not occur. Accordingly, since only substantially radial loads act on the first bearing 6 and the second bearing 7 that support the rotating shaft 15, the loads on these bearings can be reduced more than in the prior art. Further, since the first bearing 6 and the second bearing 7 are located on the side of the rotating blade 43 that pulverizes the object to be processed, the object to be processed does not enter the bearings due to gravity as in the prior art. As a result, the first bearing 6 and the second bearing 7 can be prevented from deteriorating and failing more than in the prior art.

[0057] In the fine crusher 1 of this embodiment, as the operation time elapses, wear occurs on the rotating blade 43, the fixed blade 42, etc., and maintenance work for repairing and replacing each component is performed accordingly. When performing the maintenance work, the first moving frame body 21B and the second moving frame body 21C are moved from the crushing part casing 21 to expose the rotating blade 43 and the fixed blade 42 inside the crushing part casing 21. That is, the first moving frame body 21B and the second moving frame body 21C are moved along the rail 12 so as to move away from the crushing part casing 21, exposing the rotating blade 43 on the fixed frame body 21A side and the fixed blade 42 on the first moving frame body 21B and the second moving frame body 21C sides. Repair and replacement work is performed on the exposed rotating blade 43 and fixed blade 42. According to the fine crusher 1 of this embodiment, by moving the first moving frame body 21B and the second moving frame body 21C along the rail 12, the rotating blade 43 and the fixed blade 42 can be exposed, so there is no need to suspend the door with a chain block or the like as in a conventional fine crusher, and the maintenance work can be performed with less effort.

[0058] Also, since the first moving frame body 21B and the second moving frame body 21C can be separated from the crushing part casing 21 and moved, the opening can be opened with the first moving frame body 21B and the second moving frame body 21C moved away from the crushing part casing 21. Therefore, it is possible to easily access the rotating blade 43 inside the crushing part casing 21 and the fixed blade 42 of the first moving frame body 21B and the second moving frame body 21C, and the maintenance work can be easily performed.

[0059] In the fine crusher 1 of the above embodiment, a cooling air passage 65 for flowing cooling air through the first bearing 6 is provided, but a cooling air passage for flowing cooling air through the second bearing 7 may be provided. As the cooling air passage for the second bearing 7, a cooling air suction port may be provided near the second bearing 7, and the cooling air passage may be formed so as to be continuous with this cooling air suction port to guide the air flow generated by the suction blade 41.

[0060] Also, in the fine crusher 1 of the above embodiment, the suction blade 41 and the discharge blade 44 are provided, but only one of the suction blade 41 and the discharge blade 44 may be arranged.

[0061] Also, in the pulverizer 1 of the above embodiment, although the first seal member 72 is disposed on the inner surface of the portion that protrudes in the circumferential direction and the axial direction from the fixed blade 42 of the door wall body 35, the first seal member 72 may be disposed on the outer surface of the fixed blade 42 that protrudes from the pulverizing portion wall body 25 of the fixed frame body 21A and on the outer surface of the edge member 30 that protrudes from the pulverizing portion wall body 25 of the fixed frame body 21A. Further, although the second seal member 73 is disposed on the inner surface of the covering member 71 of the door wall body 35 of the first moving frame body 21B and the second moving frame body 21C, the second seal member 73 may be disposed on the outer surface of the pulverizing portion wall body 25 of the fixed frame body 21A. Further, although the first and second seal members 72 and 73 are formed of rubber plates, the seal members 72 and 73 may have a shape other than plate shape. Further, the seal members 72 and 73 may be formed of a resin other than rubber, metal, or the like.

[0062] The pulverizer of the present invention can be used, for example, in the mining industry for pulverizing raw ore. Further, in the ceramic industry, it can be used for pulverizing raw materials such as glass, pottery, ceramics, and cement. Further, in the wood industry, it can be used for pulverizing, for example, wood chips, planer waste, and bark. Further, in the agricultural industry, it can be used for pulverizing, for example, grains. Further, in the fishing industry, it can be used for pulverizing, for example, shells and raw materials for processed products. Further, in the textile industry, it can be used for pulverizing, for example, textile waste. Further, in the waste treatment industry, it can be used for pulverizing, for example, waste paper, cardboard, plastics, waste wood, and waste electrical equipment. Further, in the construction industry, it can be used for pulverizing, for example, aggregates for civil engineering construction. Further, in the power industry, it can be used for producing pulverized coal in a thermal power plant, for example.

Explanation of Reference Numerals

[0063] 1 Pulverizer 2 Casing 3 Suction Duct 4 Discharge Duct 6 First Bearing 7 Second Bearing 9 Motor 11 Base 12 Rails 15 Rotation Axis 21 Crushing Unit Casing 21A Fixed Frame 21B First Moving Frame 21C Second Moving Frame 22 Suction Side Casing 23 Discharge Side Casing 24 Suction Side Wall 25 Crushing Unit Wall 25a Opening 26 Discharge Side Wall 29 Wheels 30 Rim Member 31 Cooling Air Duct 32 Cooling Air Outlet 33 Workpiece Reflector 35 Door Wall 41 Suction Blades 42 Fixed Blades 43 Rotating Blades 44 Discharge Blades 45 Rotating Blade Support Structure 55 Workpiece Suction Inlet 57 Workpiece Suction Passage 58 Workpiece Discharge Passage 62 Workpiece Discharge Outlet 64 Cooling Air Suction Inlet 65 Cooling Air Passage 71 Coating Member 72 First Sealing Member 73 Second Sealing Member

Claims

1. A generally cylindrical casing body that is arranged with its central axis in the horizontal direction, has a workpiece suction port at one end for sucking the workpiece before processing, and a workpiece discharge port at the other end for discharging the workpiece after processing, and a rotating shaft that is arranged to penetrate the casing body and extends in the horizontal direction, and a rotating blade connected to the rotating shaft, and a fixed blade fixed inside the casing body so as to surround the rotating blade, and a rotating vane connected to the rotating shaft to generate wind, and a workpiece suction passage that guides the workpiece before pulverization from the workpiece suction port between the rotating blade and the fixed blade by the flow of the wind generated by the rotating vane, and a workpiece discharge passage that guides the workpiece after pulverization from between the rotating blade and the fixed blade to the workpiece discharge port by the flow of the wind generated by the rotating vane, and a first bearing arranged at one end side of the casing body to support one end of the rotating shaft, and a second bearing arranged at the other end side of the casing body to support the other end of the rotating shaft, and a cooling air passage that guides the flow of the wind generated by the rotating vane to the second bearing to cool the second bearing are provided, one end of the cooling air passage communicates with a cooling air suction port that is provided to face the second bearing and sucks outside air, and the other end is formed to be connected to the workpiece suction passage. Further, it has a reduced cross-section that narrows toward the downstream side from the cooling air suction port A fine pulverizer characterized by this.

2. In the fine pulverizer according to Claim 1, A fine pulverizer characterized in that at least a part of the cooling air passage is formed in a frustum of a cone shape.

3. In the fine pulverizer according to Claim 1, A fine pulverizer characterized in that the rotating vane is connected to one end side of the rotating shaft.

4. In the fine pulverizer according to Claim 1, A fine pulverizer characterized in that the rotating vane is connected to the other end side of the rotating shaft.

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