Discharging device, pulverizing device, and operating method of pulverizing device

Abstract

To suppress wear of inner surfaces of a crushing roller and a protective member.SOLUTION: A discharge device is mounted on a crusher, wherein the crusher includes a crushing roller unit 20, and a blowout port which is provided on the outer peripheral side of the crushing table and blows out carrier gas upward, the crushing roller unit has a journal head 23, a journal shaft 22 supported on the journal head 23, and a crushing roller mounted on the journal shaft so as to be rotatable around an axis line, and includes a shield 27b which surrounds a lower part of the journal shaft at a position where the journal head and the crushing roller are adjacent to each other, and protects the crushing roller unit from the crushed raw material conveyed by the carrier gas, and a discharge part 28 which rotates around an axis line Y1, and discharges the crushed raw material entering into a narrow space S1 formed between the crushing roller and the shield 27b to outside the narrow space S1.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 7

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a discharging device, a pulverizing device, and an operation method of the pulverizing device.

Background Art

[0002] Inside the pulverizer, the powder, which is the raw material to be pulverized, is blown up by the conveying gas supplied upward from the outer periphery of the pulverizing table. Since wear occurs when the powder blown up collides with the shaft portion of the pulverizing roller located above the outer periphery of the pulverizing table or the roller support portion that supports the pulverizing roller, countermeasures against wear at these locations have become an issue. Patent Document 1 discloses suppressing wear of the pulverizing roller caused by the fine powder fuel blown up by the conveying gas by covering the portion hit by the conveying gas blown out from the blowing port with a shield. Further, in Patent Document 1, in order to prevent the fine powder fuel blown up by the conveying gas from depositing on the inner surface of the shield, the inner surface of the shield is inclined at an angle equal to or greater than the angle of repose of the fine powder fuel to promote the discharge of the fine powder fuel.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] However, when powder with a relatively large particle size enters the space formed between the pulverizing roller and the shield from above, there is a problem that the powder accumulates on the inner surface of the shield without being discharged from the space. This is because even if the shield is inclined at an angle equal to or greater than the angle of repose of the powder, the powder with a particle size larger than the gap formed between the pulverizing roller and the shield does not pass through the gap.

[0005] When powder accumulates on the inner surface of the shield, the powder that has entered the space formed between the grinding roller and the shield cannot be smoothly discharged, and this powder becomes the starting point for the powder to accumulate on the inner surface of the shield. Further, when the grinding roller rotates with powder accumulated on the inner surface of the shield, the powder is constantly stirred within the space, and the inner surfaces of the grinding roller and the shield are worn due to collisions and friction with the powder.

[0006] The present disclosure has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a discharge device, a pulverizing device, and an operation method of the pulverizing device that can suppress the accumulation of pulverized material in the space formed between a protective member that protects a grinding roller unit from the pulverized material conveyed by a conveying gas and the grinding roller, and wear of the inner surfaces of the grinding roller and the protective member.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0007] In order to solve the above problems, the present disclosure employs the following means. A discharge device according to an aspect of the present disclosure is a discharge device attached to a pulverizing device that pulverizes a raw material, the pulverizing device including a pulverizing table, a grinding roller unit that pulverizes the raw material supplied from a raw material supply unit between the pulverizing table, and an air outlet provided on an outer peripheral side of the pulverizing table and blowing a conveying gas upward, the grinding roller unit including a journal head attached to a housing, a journal shaft supported by the journal head and extending along an axis, and a grinding roller rotatably attached to the journal shaft around the axis, a protective member that surrounds a lower portion of the journal shaft at a position where the journal head and the grinding roller are adjacent and protects the grinding roller unit from the pulverized material obtained by pulverizing the raw material conveyed by the conveying gas, and a discharge unit that rotates around the axis and discharges the pulverized material that has entered the space formed between the grinding roller and the protective member to the outside of the space.

[0008] A method for operating a grinding device according to one aspect of the present disclosure is a method for operating a grinding device that grinds raw materials, the method comprising: a grinding table; a grinding roller unit that grinds the raw materials supplied from a raw material supply unit to the grinding table between the grinding table and the grinding table; and an outlet that is provided on the outer periphery of the grinding table and blows out a conveying gas upward; the grinding roller unit has a journal head attached to a housing; a journal shaft that is supported by the journal head and extends along an axis; a grinding roller attached to the journal shaft so as to be rotatable around the axis; and a protective member that surrounds a lower portion of the journal shaft at a position where the journal head and the grinding roller are adjacent to each other and protects the grinding roller unit from ground material obtained by grinding the raw materials transported by the conveying gas; and a discharge step of rotating a discharge unit around the axis to discharge the ground material that has entered a space formed between the grinding roller and the protective member to the outside of the space. [Effects of the Invention]

[0009] According to the present disclosure, it is possible to provide an exhaust device, a crushing device, and an operating method for a crushing device that can prevent crushed material from accumulating in the space formed between the crushing roller and a protective member that protects the crushing roller unit from crushed material transported by the carrier gas, and prevent wear on the inner surfaces of the crushing roller and the protective member. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0010]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

Figure 8

Figure 9

Figure 10

Figure 11

Figure 12

Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0011] 〔First Embodiment〕 Hereinafter, with reference to the drawings, the first embodiment of the present disclosure will be described. Note that the embodiments shown below are merely examples, and there is no intention of excluding various modifications and applications of technologies not explicitly shown in the following embodiments. Each configuration of the following embodiments can be variously modified and implemented within the scope not departing from their gist, and can be selectively adopted as necessary, or can be appropriately combined.

[0012] Further, the crusher (crushing device) 10 according to the present disclosure is for crushing a raw material into fine powder, and a typical one is a fine crusher (mill) that crushes a carbon-containing solid fuel such as coal into fine powder fuel. As the raw material to be crushed, in addition to this, it is also applicable to crushers for crushing solid fuels such as biomass fuels and petroleum coke, and ores.

[0013] Note that "up and down" described below indicates up and down in the vertical direction (gravity direction), and "left and right" indicates directions opposite to each other in the horizontal direction with respect to a certain object.

[0014] 〔Configuration of Crusher〕 The configuration of a pulverizer 10 of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 1. FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the main parts of the pulverizer 10. As shown in FIG. 2, the pulverizer 10, also known as a vertical mill, includes a vertical, hollow cylindrical housing 11. An input pipe 14, through which raw material to be pulverized, e.g., solid fuel such as coal, is input, is disposed on a central axis C1 of a ceiling portion 11a of the housing 11. A pulverizer table 13, which pulverizes the raw material input from the input pipe 14, is disposed on a base 12 directly below the input pipe 14. The pulverizer table 13 is rotated about a vertical axis along the central axis C1 by a drive unit (not shown).

[0015] An annular crushing surface 13a is formed concentrically with the central axis C1 on the vertical upper surface of the crushing table 13, and a plurality of (for example, two or three) crushing rollers 21 are arranged vertically above the crushing surface 13a and facing the crushing surface 13a at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. Each crushing roller 21 is rotatably supported at the tip of a journal shaft (rotation support shaft) 22 that is arranged so as to be inclined vertically downward from the peripheral wall 11b of the housing 11 toward the central axis C1.

[0016] The journal shaft 22 is a shaft member that is supported by the journal head 23 and extends along the axis Y1. The crushing roller 21, journal shaft 22, and journal head 23 are included in the crushing roller unit 20. The crushing roller unit 20 is a device that crushes raw material supplied to the crushing table 13 from the feeding pipe 14 between itself and the crushing table 13.

[0017] The journal head 23 is provided with swing shafts (pivot pins) 24 that extend in the tangential direction of the outer periphery of the crushing table 13 and protrude from the housing 11 on both the left and right sides (one side and the other side in the tangential direction). The crushing roller unit 20 is supported by the peripheral wall 11b via the swing shafts 24 so as to be swingable in the direction approaching the crushing surface 13a and the direction moving away from the crushing surface 13a.

[0018] As shown in FIG. 1, a protrusion 23a protruding downward in the vertical direction is formed on the journal head 23, and a stopper 25 is provided on the peripheral wall 11b of the housing 11. By the tip of the stopper 25 abutting on the protrusion 23a, the approach of the grinding roller 21 to the grinding surface 13a is restricted. The stopper 25 is driven to advance and retract by an actuator 25a, so that the tip position thereof is adjusted, and the closest position of the grinding roller 21 to the grinding surface 13a is adjusted.

[0019] Further, the grinding roller 21 has a biasing device 26 for applying a load for grinding the raw material. The biasing device 26 includes a hydraulic cylinder 26a fixed to the peripheral wall 11b and a plunger 26b driven in the axial direction by the hydraulic cylinder 26a. An arm portion 23b extends from the upper portion of the journal head 23, and by pressing the tip of the plunger 26b against the arm portion 23b, a downward load (directed toward the grinding surface 13a) for grinding the raw material on the grinding surface 13a is applied to the grinding roller 21.

[0020] An inlet port 15 through which a conveying gas is fed is provided below the grinding table 13 at the lower portion of the housing 11. In the present embodiment, compressed air compressed by a blower (not shown) is fed into the housing 11 as a conveying gas through this inlet port 15, and the inside of the housing 11 is made into a high-pressure atmosphere.

[0021] A rotary separator (classification device) 17 for classifying the ground raw material (hereinafter also referred to as powder or ground product) by a classification blade 16 is provided above the housing 11 at a position around the outer periphery of the input pipe 14. An outlet port 18 for discharging the classified ground product to the outside of the housing 11 is provided in the ceiling portion 11a of the housing 11.

[0022] The raw material ground by the grinding roller 21 becomes a ground product, and by driving a blower (not shown) connected to the inlet port 15, a conveying gas is fed into the housing 11 from the inlet port 15, and the ground product rises while being dried by an upward swirling flow of the conveying gas generated by the vanes 32a of the conveying gas outlet 32 described later.

[0023] The pulverized material that has risen is classified by the rotary separator 17 into fine powder smaller than a predetermined particle size and coarse powder larger than a predetermined particle size. The fine powder passes through the rotary separator 17, rides on the flow of the carrier gas, is discharged from the outlet port 18, and is transported from the pulverizer to another device (e.g., a boiler). The coarse powder either collides with the classifying blade 16 of the rotary separator 17 and is repelled, or falls under its own weight while rising inside the housing 11, and is returned to the pulverizing table 13 for re-pulverization.

[0024] [Crushing roller unit and its peripheral configuration] Next, the configuration of the crushing roller unit 20 and its surroundings will be described with reference to Figures 2 and 3. Figure 2 is a perspective view showing part of the internal configuration of the crusher 10. Figure 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the crushing roller unit 20 shown in Figure 2.

[0025] 2 and 3, an opening 11c is formed in the peripheral wall 11b of the housing 11. The journal head 23 is disposed in the opening 11c, and a swing shaft 24 protruding to the left and right is swingably supported by the peripheral wall 11b at the edge of the opening 11c. A cover 30 protruding in the radial direction of the peripheral wall 11b is attached to the opening 11c so as not to interfere with the journal head 23, and separates the interior and exterior of the housing 11.

[0026] The crushing roller 21 is a device attached to a journal shaft 22 so as to be rotatable about an axis Y1. The crushing roller 21 has a roller housing 21a having a shaft-shaped portion 21b, and a roller main body portion 21c that is detachably fitted onto the roller housing 21a. The journal head 23 has a roller support portion 23c that supports the crushing roller 21. The protrusion portion 23a, the arm portion 23b, and the swing shaft 24 protrude downward, upward, and to the left and right sides from the roller support portion 23c, and are abutted against and supported by a stopper 25, a plunger 26b, and a peripheral wall 11b, respectively.

[0027] The end (one end) of the journal shaft 22 on the cover 30 side is connected to the roller support portion 23c of the journal head 23. The roller housing 21a of the crushing roller 21 is rotatably attached to the end of the journal shaft 22 on the central axis C1 side. The axis of the journal shaft 22 is disposed so as to be inclined downward from the peripheral wall 11b of the housing 11 toward the central axis C1, and this inclination angle α is, for example, an angle of 15 degrees or more and 40 degrees or less.

[0028] The carrier gas outlet 32 is a device that is provided on the outer periphery of the grinding table 13 and that blows out carrier gas upward. The carrier gas that is sent into the housing 11 by a blower (not shown) connected to the inlet port 15 is blown upward from the carrier gas outlet 32 that is provided between the outer periphery of the grinding table 13 and the peripheral wall 11b of the housing 11, as shown by arrow A1 in Figure 3.

[0029] A vane 32a is provided at the carrier gas outlet 32 on the outer periphery of the grinding table 13. The vane 32a applies a rotational force to the carrier gas blown vertically upward from the carrier gas outlet 32, causing the vane 32a to form a spiral upward swirling flow while rotating helically within the housing 11.

[0030] The roller housing 21a of the grinding roller 21, the roller support portion 23c of the journal head 23, and the swing shaft 24 are located directly above the carrier gas outlet 32. Therefore, the carrier gas blown from below upward is blown onto the downward-facing surfaces of the roller housing 21a, the roller support portion 23c, and the swing shaft 24.

[0031] Inside the housing 11, the crushed material (powder) crushed by the crushing roller 21 on the crushing table 13 is blown up along with the flow of the conveying gas, and a part of it is blown onto the axial portion 21b of the roller housing 21a, the roller support portion 23c, the downward-facing surface of the swing shaft 24, etc. When the powder collides with the downward-facing surfaces of these device parts, it causes damage such as wear at the collision points. Therefore, in the crushing roller unit 20, a roller journal protector 27 is attached to the roller journal portion 20J having the roller support portion 23c of the journal head 23 and the axial portion 21b of the crushing roller 21.

[0032] 〔Configuration of Roller Journal Protector〕 The roller journal protector 27 is a member that surrounds the lower part of the journal shaft 22 at a position where the journal head 23 and the crushing roller 21 are adjacent, protecting the crushing roller unit 20 from the collision of the powder conveyed by the conveying gas.

[0033] FIG. 4 is a side view of the main part of the crushing roller unit 20 shown in FIG. 2. As shown in FIG. 4, the roller journal protector 27 has an apron-shaped panel (mounting panel member) 27a and a shield (protective member) 27b. The apron-shaped panel 27a is detachably attached to the roller support portion 23c and the protrusion 23a of the journal head 23.

[0034] The shield 27b has a base end portion 27bA fixed to the apron-shaped panel 27a and is arranged and attached so as to surround the lower part of the axial portion 21b of the roller housing 21a. The apron-shaped panel 27a and the shield 27b are formed of steel materials (for example, SS400, low alloy steel, etc.).

[0035] The apron-shaped panel 27a is a flat plate and is attached to the roller support portion 23c so as to spread around the roller support portion 23c. The apron-shaped panel 27a has not only the function of attaching the shield 27b to the roller support portion 23c but also the function of protecting the roller support portion 23c, the protrusion 23a, and the swing shaft 24 from the collision of the conveyed powder.

[0036] Fig. 5 is a perspective view showing the main parts of the crushing roller unit 20 without the crushing roller 21 shown in Fig. 2. As shown in Fig. 5, the apron-shaped panel 27a is disposed in a plane perpendicular to the axis Y1 so as to extend over a substantially fixed distance from the outer periphery of the roller support part 23c, and is attached to the roller support part 23c. The apron-shaped panel 27a is disposed so as to cover a part of the opening 11c in the peripheral wall 11b of the housing 11.

[0037] In order to suppress wear due to powder collisions, ceramic tiles 27c made of hard ceramic, which have better wear resistance than the apron-shaped panel 27a, may be attached to an area of the surface of the apron-shaped panel 27a (the surface that receives the carrier gas from the carrier gas outlet 32) where the frequency of powder collisions is relatively high. Examples of hard ceramics include alumina, silica, zirconia, magnesia, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, and mixtures thereof. Alternatively, hardened plates may be used instead of the ceramic tiles.

[0038] 4 and 5, the shield 27b is formed in a semi-frustum shape so as to surround a semi-cylindrical region inward of the peripheral wall 11b of the housing 11 at the vertically lower portion of the shaft-shaped portion 21b of the crushing roller 21. As shown in Fig. 4, the shield 27b is formed in a semi-frustum shape (semi-polygonal truncated pyramid shape) with the other tip portion 27bB extending toward the roller main body 21c, and surrounds the vertically lower portion of the shaft-shaped portion 21b. Powder is blown onto the vertically lower portion of the shaft-shaped portion 21b by the airflow of the carrier gas from the carrier gas outlet 32, but is protected by the shield 27b.

[0039] On the surface of the shield 27b (the surface on the side where the carrier gas from the carrier gas outlet 32 hits), a ceramic style (wear-resistant member) 27d made of hard ceramic with better wear resistance than the shield 27b may be attached to protect against the collision of powder. The hard ceramic is, for example, alumina, silica, zirconia, magnesia, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, etc., or a mixture thereof. Also, a hardened build-up plate may be used instead of the ceramic style.

[0040] The shape of the shield 27b is a frustum of a cone shape, and in accordance with the outer circumference of the pulverizing roller 21 expanding in diameter from the shaft-like portion 21b toward the roller main body portion 21c, it expands in diameter from the base end portion 27bA toward the tip end portion 27bB. The vertically downward region (here, the lowermost single flat panel portion) 27bC of the frustum of a cone shape at the time of attaching the shield 27b is formed to descend and incline from the base end portion 27bA toward the tip end portion 27bB (toward the central portion of the housing 11) at an angle θ greater than or equal to the angle of repose of the powder with respect to the horizontal direction.

[0041] Except for the downward region 27bC of the frustum of a cone shape of the shield 27b, it descends and inclines from the base end portion 27bA toward the tip end portion 27bB at an angle greater than or equal to that of the downward region 27bC with respect to the horizontal direction. Therefore, the inner surface (the upward-facing surface on the side opposite to the surface) of the shield 27b inclines at an angle greater than or equal to the angle of repose of the powder at any location.

[0042] Since the angle of repose of the powder is determined according to the physical properties of the pulverized material (powder characteristics) and the surface state of the shield 27b, it is preferable to set the angle θ according to the type of raw material and the properties of the pulverized material (such as particle size distribution). It is more preferable to set a large angle θ with a margin greater than the angle of repose of the powder while covering the portion where the powder is blown onto the carrier gas airflow and within the range of the arrangement space in the housing 11. For example, when the powder is pulverized fine coal of coal, the angle θ is preferably in the range of 40 degrees or more and 50 degrees or less.

[0043] 〔Configuration of the discharge part〕 The crusher 10 of this embodiment has a discharge section 28 that discharges coarse particles LF (part of the crushed material obtained by crushing the raw material) that have entered the narrow space S1 formed between the shaft-shaped portion 21b of the crushing roller 21 and the shield 27b to the outside of the narrow space S1.

[0044] The roller journal protector 27 and the discharge unit 28 constitute a discharge device that scrapes out the coarse particles LF that have entered the narrow space S1 to the outside of the narrow space S1. The roller journal protector 27 and the discharge unit 28 may be attached to the crushing roller unit 20 of the crusher 10, for example, during maintenance of a crusher 10 that does not have the roller journal protector 27 and the discharge unit 28. The roller journal protector 27 and the discharge unit 28 may also be attached to the crushing roller unit 20 when a new crusher 10 is manufactured.

[0045] Fig. 6 is a partial enlarged view of portion B of the crushing roller unit 20 shown in Fig. 3. As shown in Fig. 6, a narrow space S1 is formed between the shaft portion 21b of the crushing roller 21 and the shield 27b. The narrow space S1 communicates with the internal space S2 of the housing 11 below via a gap CL formed at a position where the shaft portion 21b of the crushing roller 21 and the shield 27b are closest to each other.

[0046] 6, when the diameter D1 of the coarse particles LF is larger than the distance L1 between the shaft-shaped portion 21b and the shield 27b in the gap CL, the coarse particles LF cannot pass through the gap CL and move into the internal space S2 of the housing 11. In this case, the coarse particles LF accumulate in the narrow space S1. The discharge unit 28 discharges the coarse particles LF accumulated in the narrow space S1 into the internal space S2 of the housing 11.

[0047] As shown in FIG. 6, the discharge part 28 has an annular member 28a attached to the end face 21bA on the journal head 23 side of the shaft-like part 21b of the grinding roller 21. The annular member 28a is a plate-like member formed in an annular shape around the axis Y1, and is fixed to the shaft-like part 21b by, for example, fastening bolts (not shown). By detachably connecting the annular member 28a with fastening bolts, it can be easily replaced when the discharge part 28 is worn or damaged. Since the discharge part 28 is fixed to the shaft-like part 21b by the annular member 28a, it rotates around the axis Y1 as the grinding roller 21 rotates around the axis Y1.

[0048] FIG. 7 is a front view showing a main part of the grinding roller unit 20 with the grinding roller 21 shown in FIG. 2 removed. FIG. 8 is a view of the grinding roller unit 20 shown in FIG. 2 as seen from above. As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the discharge part 28 has a discharge member 28b which is a plate-like member formed to extend parallel to the axis Y1 and extend in the radial direction orthogonal to the axis Y1.

[0049] The discharge member 28b is preferably manufactured from a wear-resistant steel material or the like. Further, it is more preferable to attach an exchangeable protector (for example, made of hard ceramic) to the surface of the discharge member 28b and replace it when wear occurs.

[0050] As shown in FIG. 7, it is preferable to provide a plurality of discharge members 28b. When a plurality of discharge members 28b are provided, they are arranged at intervals (for example, at regular intervals) along the rotation direction RD around the axis Y1. The discharge member 28b is joined to the surface on the journal head 23 side of the annular member 28a. Therefore, each of the plurality of discharge members 28b rotates around the axis Y1 as the grinding roller 21 rotates around the axis Y1.

[0051] As shown in FIG. 7, when the discharge member 28b rotates around the axis Y1, it contacts the coarse particles LF deposited in the narrow space S1 and moves the coarse particles LF along the inner surface of the shield 27b in the rotation direction RD. When the discharge member 28b reaches a position where the shield 27b does not exist, it discharges the coarse particles LF from the narrow space S1 into the internal space S2 of the housing 11.

[0052] In the above description, the discharge unit 28 is connected to the crushing roller 21 and obtains the rotational power that rotates around the axis Y1 from the crushing roller 21, but other embodiments may also be possible. For example, the discharge unit 28 may not be connected to the crushing roller 21 and may be connected to a rotation mechanism (not shown) driven by a power source such as an electric motor or pneumatic pressure.

[0053] In this case, the rotation mechanism rotates the discharge unit 28 around the axis Y1 independently of the crushing roller 21 and discharges the coarse particles LF from the narrow space S1 into the internal space S2 of the housing 11. By rotating the discharge unit 28 around the axis Y1 independently of the crushing roller 21, for example, even when the discharge member 28b bites into coarse particles LF of an excessive particle size and cannot rotate, the operation of the crusher 10 can be continued because the influence on the rotation of the crushing roller 21 is small.

[0054] In the above description, the discharge member 28b of the discharge unit 28 is joined to the annular member 28a, but other embodiments may also be possible. For example, the discharge unit 28 may not include the annular member 28a, and the discharge member 28b may be directly joined to the end face 21bA on the journal head 23 side of the shaft-like portion 21b of the crushing roller 21 by welding or the like.

[0055] In the above description, the discharge member 28b is joined to the surface on the journal head 23 side of the annular member 28a, but other embodiments may also be possible. For example, it may be configured to be detachably attached to the annular member 28a. In this case, the maintainability can be improved by individually replacing only the worn or damaged discharge member 28b.

[0056] In the above description, the discharge unit 28 has been described as having a plurality of discharge members 28b, but other embodiments may also be possible. For example, the discharge unit 28 may have at least one discharge member 28b.

[0057] In the above description, the discharge member 28b has been described as being formed in a plate shape, but other embodiments may also be possible. For example, it may be a rod-shaped member extending in the radial direction orthogonal to the axis Y1 or in a direction inclined from the radial direction. The cross-section of the rod-shaped member may be formed into a circular shape, a semi-circular shape, a round shape, a C shape, a polygonal shape, or the like.

[0058] 〔Other configurations〕 The pulverizing roller unit 20 of the present embodiment has an intrusion prevention member 29 that prevents the pulverized material from entering the side of the journal axis 22 in the narrow space S1 at the position where the journal head 23 and the pulverizing roller 21 are adjacent. The intrusion prevention member 29 is a member having an L-shaped cross-section that is disposed at a position facing the discharge unit 28 in the axial direction along the axis Y1 and is fixed to the roller support portion 23c of the journal head 23. As shown in FIG. 6, the intrusion prevention member 29 forms the narrow space S1 together with the shaft-like portion 21b and the shield 27b of the pulverizing roller 21.

[0059] The operation and effects of the pulverizer of the present embodiment described above will be described. According to the pulverizer 10 of the present embodiment, the conveyance gas blown out from the conveyance gas outlet 32 conveys the pulverized raw material (pulverized material) inside the housing 11 upward. Since the pulverized material conveyed upward from the conveyance gas outlet 32 toward the pulverizing roller 21 collides with the shield 27b, the pulverizing roller 21 does not wear due to the collision with the pulverized material.

[0060] The shield 27b surrounds the lower portion of the journal axis 22 at the position where the journal head 23 and the pulverizing roller 21 are adjacent, but the upper portion of the journal axis 22 is open. Therefore, a part of the blown-up pulverized material falls onto the upper portion of the journal axis 22 and enters the narrow space S1 formed between the pulverizing roller 21 and the shield 27b.

[0061] Crushed material with a particle size smaller than the gap CL formed between the crushing roller 21 and the shield 27b falls through the gap CL into the internal space S2 and does not accumulate on the inner surface of the shield 27b. On the other hand, crushed material with a particle size larger than the gap CL formed between the crushing roller 21 and the shield 27b does not fall through the gap CL into the internal space S2 and accumulates on the inner surface of the shield 27b.

[0062] According to the crusher 10 of this embodiment, the discharge section 28 rotates about the axis Y1, so that crushed material that has entered and accumulated in the narrow space S1 formed between the crushing roller 21 and the shield 27b is discharged to the outside of the narrow space S1. Therefore, even if crushed material with a particle size larger than the gap CL formed between the crushing roller 21 and the shield 27b enters the narrow space S1 formed between the crushing roller 21 and the shield 27b, the crushed material does not continue to accumulate in the narrow space S1. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the crushed material from accumulating in the narrow space S1 formed between the shield 27b and the crushing roller 21, and to prevent wear on the inner surfaces of the crushing roller 21 and the shield 27b.

[0063] According to the crusher 10 of this embodiment, by rotating the discharge member 28b of the discharge section 28, which is formed to extend in a radial direction perpendicular to the axis Y1, around the axis Y1, the crushed material accumulated on the inner surface of the shield 27b can be moved along the inner surface of the shield 27b and discharged outside the narrow space S1 formed between the shield 27b and the crushing roller 21.

[0064] According to the crusher 10 of this embodiment, the discharge section 28 is attached to the crushing roller 21, and therefore the power of the crushing roller 21 rotating about the axis Y1 can be used to rotate the discharge section 28 about the axis Y1.

[0065] Second Embodiment Next, with reference to FIG. 9, the crushing roller unit 20A of the second embodiment of the present disclosure will be described. FIG. 9 is a front view showing the crushing roller unit 20A of the second embodiment. FIG. 9 shows a state in which the crushing roller 21 is removed. The crushing roller unit 20A of the present embodiment is assumed to be the same as the crushing roller unit 20 of the first embodiment except for the points described below.

[0066] As shown in FIG. 9, the crushing roller unit 20A of the present embodiment includes a discharge portion 28 having a discharge member 28b. The discharge member 28b has a first member 28b1 disposed on the proximal side in the radial direction (the side close to the axis Y1) orthogonal to the axis Y1, and a second member 28b2 disposed on the distal side in the radial direction (the side separated from the axis Y1). The second member 28b2 is attached to the first member 28b1.

[0067] The first member 28b1 is formed of, for example, a steel material and has rigidity that does not elastically deform even when in contact with the coarse grains LF. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 9, the second member 28b2 rotates around the axis Y1 in a state of being elastically deformed in contact with the shield 27b. As the second member 28b2, it is preferable to use, for example, a wire brush formed by bundling linear members made of metal.

[0068] As shown in FIG. 9, when the shield 27b is formed in a polygonal shape so as to cover the lower side of the journal shaft 22 around the axis Y1, the distance from the axis Y1 to the shield 27b is not constant. The position where the distance from the axis Y1 to the shield 27b is the shortest is R1, and the position where it is the longest is R2. By providing the second member 28b2 that can be elastically deformed on the distal end side of the discharge member 28b, even when the distance from the axis Y1 to the shield 27b varies depending on the rotational position, the second member 28b2 can be reliably brought into contact with the inner surface of the shield 27b. Thereby, the coarse grains LF can be reliably discharged from the narrow space S1 to the internal space S2 of the housing 11.

[0069] In this embodiment, it is desirable to make the opening width W2 between the end of the shield 27b on the downstream side in the rotation direction RD and the intrusion prevention member 29 narrower than the opening width W1 between the end of the shield 27b on the upstream side in the rotation direction RD and the intrusion prevention member 29. The position where the opening width W1 is achieved is the position where the discharge portion 28 discharges the coarse particles LF.

[0070] On the other hand, the position of the opening width W2 is a position where the discharge unit 28 does not discharge coarse-grained LF. By narrowing the opening width W2 at the position where the coarse-grained LF is not discharged, it is possible to prevent the coarse-grained LF from entering the narrow space S1. Furthermore, by narrowing the opening width W2 at the position where the coarse-grained LF is not discharged, it is possible to promote the discharge of the coarse-grained LF from the narrow space S1.

[0071] According to the crusher 10 of this embodiment, the second member 28b2 rotates around the axis Y1 in a state in which the second member 28b2 is in contact with the shield 27b and is elastically deformed. Therefore, even if the shield 27b has a polygonal shape in which the distance from the axis Y1 changes at each position around the axis Y1, the second member 28b2 rotates while maintaining contact with the shield 27b, and crushed material accumulated on the inner surface of the shield 27b can be reliably discharged to the outside of the narrow space S1 formed between the shield 27b and the crushing roller 21.

[0072] Third Embodiment Next, a crushing roller unit 20B of a third embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 10. Fig. 10 is a front view showing the crushing roller unit 20B of the third embodiment. Fig. 10 shows the state with the crushing roller 21 removed. The crushing roller unit 20B of this embodiment is similar to the crushing roller unit 20 of the first embodiment, except for the points described below.

[0073] 10, the crusher roller unit 20B of this embodiment includes a discharge section 28 having a discharge member 28b. The discharge member 28b includes a plate-shaped base-end member 28b3 located on the base end side in the radial direction perpendicular to the axis Y1 (the side closer to the axis Y1), and a plate-shaped guide member 28b4 located on the tip side in the radial direction (the side farther from the axis Y1). The guide member 28b4 is longer than the base-end member 28b3 and is attached to the base-end member 28b3.

[0074] 10, the discharge portion 28 has a recess 28b5 for accommodating the coarse particles LF at a position where the base-end side member 28b3 and the guide member 28b4 are butt-joined. The recess 28b5 accommodates the coarse particles LF that have entered the narrow space S1 and discharges them to the outside of the narrow space S1.

[0075] 10, the discharge unit 28 of this embodiment rotates within a range of approximately 180 degrees from the bottom of the narrow space S1, with the coarse particles LF accommodated in the recessed portion 28b5. When the discharge unit 28 rotates beyond 180 degrees from the bottom of the narrow space S1, the coarse particles LF shown by the dotted line fall from the recessed portion 28b5. The coarse particles LF that fall from the recessed portion 28b5 are guided by the guide member 28b4 of the discharge member 28b, which is arranged downstream in the rotation direction RD, to prevent them from entering the narrow space S1.

[0076] In this way, the guide members 28b4 are arranged at multiple locations at intervals in the rotation direction RD and are members that guide the coarse particles LF discharged from the recesses 28b5 of other discharge sections 28 adjacent to them upstream in the rotation direction RD so that they do not enter the narrow space S1.

[0077] According to the crusher 10 of this embodiment, by rotating the discharge section 28 containing the coarse particles LF in the recess 28b5, the coarse particles LF accumulated on the shield 27b can be reliably discharged outside the narrow space S1 formed between the shield 27b and the crushing roller 21.

[0078] According to the crusher 10 of the present embodiment, the coarse particles LF discharged from the recess 28b5 of another discharge part 28 adjacent to the upstream side in the rotation direction RD are guided by the plate-shaped guide member 28b4 so that the coarse particles LF discharged from the recess 28b5 do not enter the narrow space S1. Therefore, it is possible to reliably suppress the coarse particles LF discharged from the narrow space S1 between the shield 27b and the grinding roller 21 from entering the narrow space S1 again.

[0079] 〔Fourth Embodiment〕 Next, with reference to FIG. 11, the grinding roller unit 20C of the fourth embodiment will be described. FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the grinding roller unit 20C of the fourth embodiment. The grinding roller unit 20C of the present embodiment is the same as the grinding roller unit 20 of the first embodiment except for the points described below.

[0080] As shown in FIG. 11, the grinding roller unit 20C of the present embodiment includes a discharge part 28 having a discharge member 28b. Further, the grinding roller unit 20C has a fixing member 29a fixed to the journal head 23 via an intrusion prevention member 29. The fixing member 29a is disposed at a position facing the tip of the discharge part 28 in the axial direction along the axis Y1.

[0081] The fixing member 29a has a plurality of protrusions 29b that are spaced apart in the rotation direction RD and protrude from the journal head 23 toward the discharge part 28. The protrusions 29b are joined to the fixing member 29a. Since the fixing member 29a is fixed to the journal head 23, the protrusions 29b do not rotate even when the discharge part 28 rotates in the rotation direction RD. Therefore, when the coarse particles LF moving in the rotation direction RD by the discharge member 28b collide with the protrusions 29b, the coarse particles LF are sandwiched between the discharge member 28b and the protrusions 29b and crushed.

[0082] According to the pulverizer of this embodiment, the coarse particles LF, which are moved along the inner surface of the shield 27b by the discharge part 28 rotating about the axis Y1, come into contact with the protrusions 29b and are pulverized. If the particle size of the pulverized coarse particles LF is smaller than the gap CL formed between the crushing roller 21 and the shield 27b, the pulverized coarse particles LF are discharged to the outside of the narrow space S1 (the internal space S2 of the housing 11) through the gap CL.

[0083] In the pulverizer of this embodiment, it is desirable that at least one of the discharge part 28 and the fixed member 29a has a load reduction mechanism (not shown) that can move in the rotation direction RD when a load of a predetermined value or more is applied in the rotation direction RD. This makes it possible to prevent damage to the discharge part 28 or the fixed member 29a due to a load exceeding the predetermined value being applied when the coarse particles LF get caught between the discharge part 28 and the fixed member 29a.

[0084] Fifth Embodiment Next, a crushing roller unit 20D of a fifth embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 12. Fig. 12 is a diagram showing the crushing roller unit 20D of the fifth embodiment. The crushing roller unit 20D of this embodiment is similar to the crushing roller unit 20 of the first embodiment, except for the points described below.

[0085] As shown in FIG. 12, the discharge section 28 of this embodiment includes a plate-shaped discharge member 28b extending in an inclined direction from the axis Y1. The tip end of the discharge member 28b is located upstream in the rotation direction RD relative to the base end joined to the annular member 28a. By inclining the extension direction of the discharge member 28b toward the upstream side of the rotation direction RD relative to the axis Y1, the coarse particles LF can be moved from the crushing roller 21 side toward the journal head 23 side. As shown in FIG. 12, the coarse particles LF move from the position indicated by the dotted line toward the position indicated by the solid line from the crushing roller 21 side toward the journal head 23 side. This prevents the crushing roller 21 from coming into contact with the coarse particles LF and wearing them down. Furthermore, the coarse particles LF can be pressed against the journal head 23 to promote crushing of the coarse particles LF.

[0086] The discharge devices described in the above-described embodiments can be understood, for example, as follows.

[0087] The discharge device attached to the crushing device (10) according to one aspect of the present disclosure is attached to the crushing device (10) that crushes raw materials, and the crushing device includes a crushing table (13), a crushing roller unit (300) that crushes the raw materials supplied to the crushing table from a supply unit between the crushing table and the crushing roller unit, and an outlet (32) that is provided on the outer periphery of the crushing table and that blows out a carrier gas upward, and the crushing roller unit includes a journal head (23) attached to a housing (11), and a roller support (300) that is supported by the journal head and that blows out a carrier gas upward. The crushing roller unit has a journal shaft (22) extending along an axis (Y1) and a crushing roller (21) attached to the journal shaft so as to be rotatable about the axis, and is provided with a protective member (27b) that surrounds the lower part of the journal shaft at a position where the journal head and the crushing roller are adjacent to each other and protects the crushing roller unit from crushed material obtained by crushing the raw material transported by the carrier gas, and a discharge section (28) that rotates about the axis and discharges the crushed material that has entered the space formed between the crushing roller and the protective member to the outside of the space.

[0088] In the discharge device according to one aspect of the present disclosure, the carrier gas blown out from the outlet transports the pulverized material inside the housing upward. The pulverized material transported upward from the outlet toward the crushing roller collides with the protective member, so the crushing roller is not worn down by collisions with the pulverized material.

[0089] The protective member surrounds the lower portion of the journal shaft where the journal head and the crushing roller are adjacent, but the upper portion of the journal shaft is open. Therefore, crushed material blown up to the upper portion of the journal shaft falls and enters the space formed between the crushing roller and the protective member. Crushed material with a particle size smaller than the gap formed between the crushing roller and the protective member falls downward through the gap and does not accumulate on the inner surface of the protective member. On the other hand, crushed material with a particle size larger than the gap formed between the crushing roller and the protective member does not fall downward through the gap and accumulates on the inner surface of the protective member.

[0090] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, the discharge device rotates around its axis, causing crushed material that has entered and accumulated in the space formed between the crushing roller and the protective member to be discharged to the outside of the space. Therefore, even if crushed material with a particle size larger than the gap formed between the crushing roller and the protective member enters the space formed between the crushing roller and the protective member, it does not continue to accumulate in the space. This prevents crushed material from accumulating in the space formed between the protective member and the crushing roller, thereby preventing wear on the inner surfaces of the crushing roller and the protective member.

[0091] In the discharge device according to the aspect of the present disclosure, the discharge portion may be configured to extend in a radial direction perpendicular to the axis. With the discharge device of this configuration, by rotating the discharge section, which is formed to extend in a radial direction perpendicular to the axis, around the axis, the crushed material accumulated on the inner surface of the protective member can be moved along the inner surface of the protective member and discharged outside the space formed between the protective member and the crushing roller.

[0092] In the discharge device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the discharge portion may have a first member (28b1) arranged at the base end side in the radial direction, and a second member (28b2) arranged at the tip end side in the radial direction and attached to the first member, and the second member may be configured to rotate around the axis while in contact with the protective member and elastically deformed.

[0093] According to the discharge device of this configuration, the second member rotates around the axis in a state where it is elastically deformed by contacting the protection member. Therefore, for example, even when the protection member has a polygonal shape in which the distance from the axis changes at each position around the axis, the second member rotates while maintaining contact with the protection member, and the pulverized material deposited on the inner surface of the protection member can be reliably discharged to the outside of the space formed between the protection member and the pulverizing roller.

[0094] In the discharge device according to one aspect of the present disclosure, the discharge portion may be configured as a plate-like member extending parallel to the axis. According to the discharge device of this configuration, by rotating the discharge portion, which is a plate-like member extending parallel to the axis, around the axis, the pulverized material can be moved along the inner surface of the protection member and discharged to the outside of the space formed between the protection member and the pulverizing roller.

[0095] In the discharge device having the above configuration, the pulverizing roller unit has a fixing member (29a) that is disposed at a position facing the tip of the discharge portion in the axial direction along the axis and is fixed to the journal head. The fixing member may be configured to have a plurality of protruding portions (29b) that are spaced apart in the rotation direction of the discharge portion and protrude from the journal head toward the discharge portion.

[0096] According to the discharge device of this aspect, the fixing member fixed to the journal head has a plurality of protruding portions that are spaced apart in the rotation direction. Therefore, the pulverized material that moves along the inner surface of the protection member by the discharge portion rotating around the axis is pulverized by contacting the protruding portions. When the particle size of the pulverized material is smaller than the gap formed between the pulverizing roller and the protection member, the pulverized material passes through the gap and is discharged to the outside of the space.

[0097] In the discharge device having the above aspect, at least one of the discharge portion and the fixing member may be configured to have a load reduction mechanism that is movable in the rotation direction when a load of a predetermined value or more is applied in the rotation direction. According to the discharge device of this embodiment, since at least one of the discharge part and the fixing member has a load reduction mechanism, when the crushed material gets caught between the discharge part and the fixing member, a load exceeding a predetermined value is applied to prevent damage to the discharge part or the fixing member.

[0098] In the discharge device according to one aspect of the present disclosure, the discharge part may be configured as a plate-like member extending in a direction inclined from the axis. According to the discharge device of this configuration, by rotating the discharge part, which is a plate-like member extending in a direction inclined from the axis, around the axis, the crushed material can be moved along the inner surface of the protection member and discharged to the outside of the space formed between the protection member and the crushing roller.

[0099] Also, for example, by inclining it toward the upstream side in the rotation direction from the axis, the crushed material can be moved from the crushing roller side to the journal head side. Thereby, it is possible to suppress the crushing roller from coming into contact with the crushed material and wearing. Also, the crushed material can be pressed against the journal head to promote the crushing of the crushed material.

[0100] In the discharge device according to one aspect of the present disclosure, the discharge part may be configured to have a recess (28b5) for accommodating the crushed material that has entered the space. According to the discharge device of this configuration, by rotating the discharge part that houses the crushed material in the recess, the crushed material deposited on the protection member can be surely discharged to the outside of the space formed between the protection member and the crushing roller.

[0101] In the discharge device of this configuration, the discharge part may be arranged at a plurality of locations at intervals in the rotation direction, and may have a plate-like guide member (28b4) that guides the crushed material discharged from the recess of the other discharge part adjacent to the upstream side in the rotation direction so as not to enter the space.

[0102] According to the discharge device of this aspect, the pulverized material discharged from the concave portion of another discharge portion adjacent to the upstream side in the rotation direction is guided by the plate-shaped guide member so that the pulverized material discharged from the concave portion does not enter the space. Therefore, it is possible to reliably suppress the pulverized material discharged from the space between the protection member and the pulverizing roller from entering the space again.

[0103] In the discharge device according to one aspect of the present disclosure, the discharge portion may be configured as a rod-shaped member having a circular or polygonal cross section. According to the discharge device of this configuration, the pulverized material that has entered and accumulated in the space formed between the pulverizing roller and the protection member can be discharged to the outside by using a discharge portion having a relatively simple configuration using a rod-shaped member having a circular or polygonal cross section.

[0104] In the discharge device according to one aspect of the present disclosure, the discharge portion may be attached to the pulverizing roller and configured to rotate around the axis together with the pulverizing roller. According to the discharge device of this configuration, since the discharge portion is attached to the pulverizing roller, the discharge portion can be rotated around the axis by utilizing the power of the pulverizing roller rotating around the axis.

[0105] In the discharge device according to one aspect of the present disclosure, the protection member may be configured to have a wear-resistant member attached to the surface on the space side. According to the discharge device of this configuration, since the wear-resistant member is attached to the surface on the space side of the protection member, it is possible to suppress the protection member from being damaged by contact with the pulverized material deposited on the inner surface of the protection member.

[0106] A crushing device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure includes any one of the discharge devices described above, a crushing table, a crushing roller unit that crushes the raw material supplied from a raw material supply unit to the crushing table between the crushing table and the table, and an outlet provided on the outer periphery of the crushing table and that blows out a conveying gas upward, and the crushing roller unit has a journal head attached to a housing, a journal shaft supported by the journal head and extending along an axis, and a crushing roller attached to the journal shaft so as to be rotatable around the axis.

[0107] According to one aspect of the crushing device of the present disclosure, crushed material accumulates in the space formed between the crushing roller and a protective member that protects the crushing roller unit from crushed material transported by the carrier gas, thereby preventing wear on the inner surfaces of the crushing roller and the protective member.

[0108] The method of operating the pulverizing device described in each of the above-described embodiments can be understood, for example, as follows.

[0109] A method for operating a crushing device according to one aspect of the present disclosure is a method for operating a crushing device that crushes raw materials, the crushing device comprising: a crushing table; a crushing roller unit (300) that crushes the raw materials supplied from a raw material supply unit to the crushing table between the crushing table and the crushing roller unit; and an outlet provided on the outer periphery of the crushing table and that blows out a conveying gas upward. The crushing roller unit comprises a journal head attached to a housing; a journal shaft supported by the journal head and extending along an axis; a crushing roller attached to the journal shaft so as to be rotatable around the axis; and a protective member that surrounds a lower portion of the journal shaft at a position where the journal head and the crushing roller are adjacent to each other and protects the crushing roller unit from crushed material obtained by crushing the raw materials transported by the conveying gas. The method comprises a discharge step of rotating a discharge unit around the axis to discharge the crushed material that has entered a space formed between the crushing roller and the protective member to the outside of the space.

[0110] According to the operation method of the pulverizing device according to one aspect of the present disclosure, the conveying gas blown out from the blowout port conveys the pulverized material inside the housing upward. Since the pulverized material conveyed upward from the blowout port toward the pulverizing roller collides with the protection member, the pulverizing roller is not worn due to the collision with the pulverized material.

[0111] The protection member surrounds the lower part of the journal shaft at the position where the journal head and the pulverizing roller are adjacent, but the upper part of the journal shaft is open. Therefore, the pulverized material blown upward to the upper part of the journal shaft falls, and enters the space formed between the pulverizing roller and the protection member. The pulverized material having a particle size smaller than the gap formed between the pulverizing roller and the protection member falls downward from the gap and does not accumulate on the inner surface of the protection member. On the other hand, the pulverized material having a particle size larger than the gap formed between the pulverizing roller and the protection member does not fall downward from the gap and accumulates on the inner surface of the protection member.

[0112] According to the operation method of the pulverizing device according to one aspect of the present disclosure, by rotating the discharge part around the axis in the discharge process, the pulverized material that has entered and accumulated in the space formed between the pulverizing roller and the protection member is discharged to the outside of the space. Therefore, even if the pulverized material having a particle size larger than the gap formed between the pulverizing roller and the protection member enters the space formed between the pulverizing roller and the protection member, it does not continue to accumulate in the space. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the accumulation of pulverized material in the space formed between the protection member and the pulverizing roller, and the inner surfaces of the pulverizing roller and the protection member from being worn.

Explanation of Signs

[0113] 10 Pulverizer (pulverizing device) 11 Housing 13 Pulverizing table 20, 20A, 20B, 20C, 20D Pulverizing roller unit 20J Roller journal part 21 Pulverizing roller 21a Roller housing 21b Axial part 21c Roller body part 22 Journal shaft 23 Journal head 23a Protrusion 27 Roller journal protector 27a Apron-shaped panel 27b Shield (protective member) 28 Discharge part 28a Annular member 28b Discharge member 28b1 First member 28b2 Second member 28b3 Base end side member 28b4 Guide member 28b5 Recess 29 Invasion prevention member 29a Fixing member 29b Protrusion 32 Conveying gas outlet 32a Vane C1 Central axis CL Clearance LF Coarse particles RD Rotation direction S1 Narrow space S2 Internal space Y1 Axis

Claims

1. A discharge device attached to a pulverizing device for pulverizing raw materials, wherein the pulverizing device includes a pulverizing table, a pulverizing roller unit that pulverizes the raw materials supplied from a raw material supply unit to the pulverizing table between the raw materials and the pulverizing table, a blowout port provided on the outer peripheral side of the pulverizing table and blowing out a conveying gas upward, wherein the pulverizing roller unit includes a journal head attached to a housing, a journal shaft supported by the journal head and extending along an axis, a pulverizing roller rotatably attached to the journal shaft around the axis, a protective member that surrounds a lower portion of the journal shaft at a position where the journal head and the pulverizing roller are adjacent and protects the pulverizing roller unit from pulverized materials conveyed by the conveying gas, a discharge unit that rotates around the axis and discharges the pulverized materials that have entered a space formed between the pulverizing roller and the protective member to the outside of the space.

2. The discharge device according to claim 1, wherein the discharge unit is formed to extend in a radial direction orthogonal to the axis.

3. The discharge unit includes a first member disposed on the proximal end side in the radial direction and a second member disposed on the distal end side in the radial direction and attached to the first member, The discharge device according to claim 2, wherein the second member rotates around the axis in a state of being elastically deformed in contact with the protective member.

4. The discharge device according to claim 2, wherein the discharge unit is a plate-like member extending parallel to the axis.

5. A fixing member is provided at a position facing the tip of the discharge unit in the axial direction along the axis and fixed to the journal head, The discharge device according to claim 4, wherein the fixing member is disposed at intervals in the rotation direction of the discharge unit and has a plurality of protrusions protruding from the journal head toward the discharge unit.

6. The discharge device according to claim 5, wherein at least one of the discharge unit and the fixing member has a load reduction mechanism that is movable in the rotation direction when a load of a predetermined value or more is applied in the rotation direction.

7. The discharge device according to claim 2, wherein the discharge unit is a plate-like member extending in a direction inclined from the axis.

8. The discharge device according to claim 1, wherein the discharge part has a recess for accommodating the crushed material that has entered the space.

9. The discharge device according to claim 8, wherein the discharge part is arranged at a plurality of positions with intervals in the rotation direction, and has a plate-shaped guide member that guides the crushed material discharged from the recess of another discharge part adjacent to the upstream side in the rotation direction so as not to enter the space.

10. The discharge device according to claim 2, wherein the discharge part is a rod-shaped member having a circular or polygonal cross-section.

11. The discharge device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the discharge part is attached to the crushing roller and rotates around the axis together with the crushing roller.

12. The discharge device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the protection member has a wear-resistant member attached to the surface on the space side.

13. The discharge device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, a crushing table, a crushing roller unit that crushes the raw material supplied from the raw material supply part to the crushing table between the crushing table, and a blowout port provided on the outer peripheral side of the crushing table and blowing out a conveying gas upward. The crushing roller unit has a journal head attached to a housing, a journal shaft supported by the journal head and extending along an axis, and a crushing roller rotatably attached to the journal shaft around the axis.

14. A method of operating a crushing device for crushing a raw material, wherein the crushing device has a crushing table, a crushing roller unit that crushes the raw material supplied from the raw material supply part to the crushing table between the crushing table, and a blowout port provided on the outer peripheral side of the crushing table and blowing out a conveying gas upward. The crushing roller unit has a journal head attached to a housing, a journal shaft supported by the journal head and extending along an axis, and a crushing roller rotatably attached to the journal shaft around the axis. and a protection member that surrounds a lower part of the journal shaft at a position where the journal head and the crushing roller are adjacent, and protects the crushing roller unit from the crushed material obtained by crushing the raw material conveyed by the conveying gas. A method of operating a grinding apparatus, the method comprising a discharging step of discharging the ground material that has entered a space formed between the grinding roller and the protection member to the outside of the space by rotating a discharging portion around an axis.

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