building

Abstract

To provide a building improved in environment of a lower space, while being a simple structure.SOLUTION: Provided is a building (1) in which an indoor space (6) is formed of a roof part (2), wall parts (3, 4) supporting the roof part from below, and a floor part (5) positioned below the roof part. The indoor space (6) has an upper space (61) positioned on the roof part side, and a lower space (62) positioned below the upper space and positioned on the floor part side. An air conditioner (8) conditioning air in the lower space is provided in the lower space (62). The wall parts (3, 4) have heat insulation materials (73, 74) in a region surrounding the lower space, and have no heat insulation materials in a region surrounding the upper space.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to buildings, and more particularly to buildings in which an indoor space is formed by a roof, walls supporting the roof from below, and a floor located inside the walls and below the roof. [Background technology]

[0002] Large buildings such as general factories, warehouses, temporary facilities, and stores tend to have high ceilings and large indoor spaces, so they tend to use a lot of energy when cooling. Therefore, in order to reduce energy consumption, a technology has been proposed that divides the indoor space into upper and lower sections and air-conditions only the lower section.

[0003] For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-141937 (Patent Document 1) discloses dividing the indoor space of a large building with a high roof into a high-temperature attic space and a low-temperature above-floor space, and placing a small fan in the above-floor space to cool only the above-floor space. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 11-141937 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] The large building in Patent Document 1 requires fans that blow air downward and sideways on the wiring and light fixtures located midway up the building, resulting in a complex structure. Furthermore, if the fans are not constantly running, the space above the floor (the space below) will become very hot.

[0006] The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to provide a building that is simple in structure yet can improve the environment of the space below. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] An interior structure according to one aspect of the present invention is a building in which an indoor space is formed by a roof portion, wall portions supporting the roof portion from below, and a floor portion located inside the wall portion and below the roof portion, the indoor space comprising an upper space located on the roof side and a lower space located below the upper space and on the floor side, an air conditioning device being provided in the lower space for conditioning the air in the lower space, and the wall portions having insulation in the area surrounding the lower space and not having insulation in the area surrounding the upper space.

[0008] Preferably, the height of the insulation material in the wall portion is 2 m or more and 3.5 m or less, and the height from the floor portion to the roof portion is 4 m or more and 7 m or less.

[0009] Preferably, the roof portion includes a roof material having a surface facing the outdoors, and a low-emissivity member formed of a thermally emissive material, having low thermal emissivity, and arranged on the back side of the roof material.

[0010] Preferably, the roof portion further includes a heat insulating material attached to the back surface of the roofing material and sandwiched between the roofing material and the low-emissivity member.

[0011] Preferably, the air-blowing direction of the air-conditioning device is horizontal or below horizontal.

[0012] Preferably, the floor is formed from a thermal insulating material. [Effects of the Invention]

[0013] According to the building of the present invention, it is possible to improve the environment of the space below while having a simple structure. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0014] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a building according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 2] 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a roof portion of a building according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a typical building with a half-height roof. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0015] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals denote like or corresponding parts and will not be described repeatedly.

[0016] First, prior to describing the building according to this embodiment, the indoor environment of a large building such as a general factory, warehouse, temporary facility, or store will be briefly described with reference to FIG.

[0017] 3, the roof portion 102 of the building 101 is made of, for example, a folded-plate roof material 102. When the roof material 102 is exposed to solar radiation, the temperature of the roof material 102 becomes high, and the roof material 102 emits strong radiant heat. Therefore, the radiant heat from the roof material 102 causes the temperature in the indoor space 106 to become high.

[0018] It should be noted that building 101 does not have a ceiling below roofing material 102. The "ceiling" is a member that seamlessly separates the space below roofing material 102, i.e., the entire indoor space 106 surrounded by roofing material 102, floor 105, and walls 103 and 104, into upper and lower sections. It should be noted that in building 101, roofing material 102 and the multiple beams supporting roofing material 102 may be exposed in indoor space 106.

[0019] Furthermore, in a typical large building, the height up to the roof 102 is 4 m or more, and in some buildings it may be 10 m or 20 m, so that temperature stratification naturally occurs within the indoor space 106. That is, an upper space 161 on the roof material 102 side of the indoor space 106 becomes hot, while a lower space 162 on the floor 105 side of the indoor space 106 becomes colder than the upper space 161. In FIG. 3, the lower space 162 is indicated by a bold line.

[0020] Because people stay in the lower space 162, air conditioning is performed to improve the environment in the lower space 162, especially in the summer. However, as described above, the temperature in the upper space 161 becomes high due to radiant heat from the roof material 102, and this radiant heat reaches the lower space 162. As a result, convection occurs between the upper space 161 and the lower space 162, causing the high-temperature air in the upper space 161 and the low-temperature air in the lower space 162 to mix, resulting in a phenomenon in which air conditioning is not effective in the lower space 162.

[0021] In addition, although air conditioning is performed, especially in the summer, the cold air in the lower space 162 is thermally conducted to the walls 103, 104 and floor 105 of the lower space 162 and escapes to the outdoor space, and the hot air in the outdoor space is thermally conducted to the lower space 162, so the lower space 162 cannot be efficiently air-conditioned.

[0022] In order to improve the environment of the lower space 162, in this embodiment, the thermal stratification formed in the indoor space is used to insulate only the lower space 162 where people stay, thereby increasing the heat retention effect of the lower space 162, especially in the summer, and improving the environment of the lower space 162. Such a building will be described in detail below.

[0023] A building 1 according to this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.

[0024] Similar to a typical building 101 such as a factory, the building 1 includes a roof portion 2, opposing wall portions 3, 4, etc. that support the roof portion 2 from below, and a floor portion 5 located inside the walls 3, 4 and below the roof portion 2.

[0025] In the building 1, an indoor space 6 is formed by a roof 2, walls 3, 4, etc., and a floor 5. The indoor space 6 includes an upper space 61 located on the roof 2 side, and a lower space 62 located below the upper space 61 and on the floor 5 side.

[0026] The roof section 2 will now be described with particular reference to Figure 2. The roof section 2 includes a roofing material 21 whose surface faces the outdoors, a heat insulating material 22 disposed on the back surface of the roofing material 21, and a low-emissivity member 23 disposed on the back surface of the heat insulating material 22. In other words, the heat insulating material 22 is sandwiched between the roofing material 21 and the low-emissivity member 23, and the roof section 2 has a multi-layer structure of the roofing material 21, the heat insulating material 22, and the low-emissivity member 23. The height H1 from the floor section 5 to the roof section 2 is between 4m and 7m, but can be as high as 10m or 20m.

[0027] The roof material 21 is typically a folded-plate roof, and is made of, for example, a steel plate or a galvalume steel plate ( By using a steel plate with high solar reflectance as the roofing material 21, it is possible to further reduce the radiation of the back surface of the roof portion 2.

[0028] The heat insulating material 22 is attached to the entire underside of the half-fold roofing material. For example, heat insulating material such as glass wool or expanded polyolefin foam is used for the heat insulating material 22. The heat insulating material 22 is mainly used to prevent condensation on the roofing material 21. The thickness of the heat insulating material is 4 mm or more and 10 mm or less, and preferably 5 mm or more and 10 mm or less.

[0029] The low-emissivity member 23 has low thermal emissivity and is formed of a thermally emissive material. The low-emissivity member 23 is attached to the entire lower surface of the heat insulating material 22. The emissivity of the thermally emissive material is 0.9 or less, preferably 0.5 or less, and more preferably 0.4 or less. Examples of thermally emissive materials that have thermal radiation properties include materials containing aluminum or copper. The low-emissivity member 23 is typically a coating or film. The thickness of the low-emissivity member 23 is thinner than the heat insulating material 22, and is desirably 1 mm or less.

[0030] In this way, by making the roof 2 of the building a multi-layer structure of the roof material 21, the heat insulating material 22, and the low-emissivity material 23, it is possible to suppress radiant heat from the rear surface of the roof 2. This makes it possible to reduce the temperature rise in the upper space 161 of the indoor space 6.

[0031] Next, we will explain the walls 3 and 4. The walls 3 and 4 are formed of multiple pillars and exterior materials, and have a simple structure with no interior materials. The walls 3 and 4 have thermal insulation materials 73 and 74 in the area surrounding the lower space 62, but do not have thermal insulation materials in the area surrounding the upper space 61.

[0032] The heat insulating materials 73, 74 are provided around the entire periphery facing the lower space 62. The heat insulating materials 73, 74 extend to a position midway through the overall height of the wall portions 3, 4. The heat insulating materials 73, 74 are approximately the same height as the lower space 62. Specifically, the height H2 of the heat insulating materials 73, 74 is 2 m or more and 3.5 m or less. The height of the heat insulating materials 73, 74 is the height of the space that requires air conditioning, especially in summer. For example, if the height at which people stay is about 2 m, it is preferable that the height of the heat insulating materials 73, 74 be about 3 m in the surrounding area.

[0033] For example, glass wool, rock wool, expanded polyolefin foam, etc. are used for the heat insulating materials 73, 74. There are no particular limitations on the method of arranging the heat insulating materials 73, 74, but for example, an exterior heat insulating panel in which the exterior material and the heat insulating material are integrally formed may be used, or the heat insulating material may be arranged between the exterior material and the pillar.

[0034] The floor 5 is an earthen floor formed by pouring concrete or the like. The floor 5 is preferably formed of a heat insulating material 75. Specifically, the heat insulating material 75 is attached below the floor material. The heat insulating material 75 may be provided over the entire surface of the floor 5, or may be provided partially, for example, in an area where people stay. The material of the heat insulating material 75 is the same as that of the heat insulating materials 73 and 74 of the wall portions 3 and 4.

[0035] An air conditioner 8 is provided in the lower space 62 to condition the air in the lower space 62. The air conditioner 8 directly conditions the air in the lower space 62 and is capable of both cooling and heating operation, but it is sufficient if it is capable of at least cooling operation. The air conditioner 8 is not particularly limited, and may be a commonly available type on the market, such as a wall-mounted type attached to a wall or a floor-standing type placed on the floor 5.

[0036] The height H3 of the air outlet of the air conditioner 8 is preferably lower than the height H1 of the insulating materials 73, 74, specifically, 0.5 m lower, preferably about 1 m lower, than the height H1 of the insulating materials 73, 74. The air blowing direction of the air conditioner 8 is preferably horizontal or lower than the horizontal, and is preferably tilted upward rather than downward vertically. This prevents the high-temperature air in the upper space 61 and the low-temperature air in the lower space 62 from mixing, allowing air to circulate only in the lower space 62.

[0037] In the building 1 of this embodiment, by providing insulation materials 73, 74 only on the walls 3, 4 of the lower space 62, the temperature stratification of the indoor space 6 can be utilized, so that the upper space 61 is kept at a high temperature due to radiant heat from the roof 2, while the lower space 62 is kept at a comfortable temperature by air conditioning using the air conditioning unit 8.

[0038] Furthermore, since the walls 3 and 4 of the upper space 61 are not provided with any heat insulating material, the high-temperature air in the upper space 61 can be dissipated from the walls 3 and 4. Since the heat insulating materials 73, 74, and 75 are provided only in the lower space 62, the cold air in the lower space 62 is not dissipated to the outdoors, so the lower space 62 can be maintained at a comfortable temperature and energy is saved.

[0039] Furthermore, since the walls 3 and 4 of the lower space 62 are provided with heat insulating materials 73 and 74, air at an appropriate temperature can be circulated by the air conditioning unit 8 only within the lower space 62. This makes it possible to prevent convection between the high-temperature air in the upper space 61 and the low-temperature air in the lower space 62, thereby making effective use of temperature stratification.

[0040] Conventionally, when installing heat insulating material in a wall, interior materials are required, which increases costs. In this embodiment, heat insulating materials 73, 74 of wall portions 3, 4 are installed only partially, rather than entirely, on the wall, thereby reducing costs. Furthermore, because the building 1 is high up to the roof material 102, scaffolding is required to install the interior materials, but because the installation of heat insulating material is only required in the lower space 62, the installation can be simplified.

[0041] The roof portion 2 of this embodiment can reduce radiant heat from the roof portion 2 by providing the roof material 21 with a low-emissivity member 23 and a heat insulating material 22. This makes it possible to suppress the transfer of radiant heat not only to the upper space 61 but also to the lower space 62, compared to a typical folded roof.

[0042] In the above embodiment, the roof portion 2 is described as including the roofing material 21, the insulating material 22, and the low-emissivity material 23, but it may be that the insulating material 22 and the low-emissivity material 23 are not provided and only the roofing material 21 is provided, or that only the insulating material 22 is not provided and only the roofing material 21 and the low-emissivity material 23 are provided.

[0043] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the low-emissivity member 23 is in close contact with the entire back surface of the heat insulating material 22, but the low-emissivity member 23 does not need to be in close contact with the entire back surface of the heat insulating material 22. For example, a plate-shaped low-emissivity member may be provided below the valley surface of the roof material 21 of a folded-plate roof to which the heat insulating material 22 is attached.

[0044] Although the buildings of the above-described embodiments have been described as being used in buildings such as general factories, warehouses, temporary facilities, and stores, they may also be used in other buildings such as office buildings. Specifically, the present invention can be effectively applied to any building in which the roof 2 is exposed to the indoor space 6, the height from the floor 5 to the roof 2 is high, and thermal stratification occurs in the indoor space 6.

[0045] Although the floor portion 5 in the above embodiment is formed of the heat insulating material 75, it may be a simple floor without the heat insulating material 75 provided thereon.

[0046] The above-described embodiments disclosed herein are illustrative in all respects and are not intended to be limiting. Therefore, the technical scope of the present invention should not be interpreted solely by the above-described embodiments, but should be defined by the claims. Furthermore, all modifications within the scope and meaning equivalent to the claims are included. [Explanation of symbols]

[0047] 1 Building, 2 Roof, 3, 4 Wall, 5 Floor, 6 Indoor space, 8 Air conditioning unit, 21 Roof material, 22 Insulation material, 23 Low-emissivity material, 61 Upper space, 62 Lower space, 73, 74, 75 Insulation material, 101 Building, 102 Roof, 103, 104 Wall, 105 Floor, 106 Indoor space, 102 Roof material, 161 Upper space, 162 Lower space.

Claims

1. A building in which an indoor space is formed by a roof portion, a wall portion supporting the roof portion from below, and a floor portion located inside the wall portion and below the roof portion, The indoor space includes an upper space located on the roof side and a lower space located below the upper space and on the floor side, The upper space and the lower space are connected without being partitioned vertically, an air conditioning device that blows conditioned air toward the lower space and conditions the air in the lower space is provided in the lower space, A building, wherein the wall portion has insulation in an area surrounding the lower space and does not have insulation in an area surrounding the upper space.

2. The height of the heat insulating material of the wall portion is 2 m or more and 3.5 m or less, The building according to claim 1, wherein the height from the floor to the roof is 4 m or more and 7 m or less.

3. The building described in claim 1 or 2, wherein the roof portion includes a roof material having a surface facing the outdoors and a low-emissivity member formed of a thermally emissive material, having a low thermal emissivity, and arranged on the back side of the roof material.

4. The building according to claim 3 , wherein the roof portion further includes a heat insulating material attached to a rear surface of the roofing material and sandwiched between the roofing material and the low-emissivity member.

5. The building according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the air-blowing direction of the air-conditioning device is horizontal or below horizontal.

6. The building according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the floor portion is formed of a heat insulating material.

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