Modified coal made by upgrading low-rank coal

Abstract

To provide an environmentally friendly modified low-rank coal, which can be used as well as high-rank coal, by producing modified low-rank coal while preventing a decrease in the efficiency of utilizing the calorific value of the low-rank coal by lowering the processing temperature for the molecular weight reduction treatment by hydrolysis. [Solution] The modified coal is formed from bio-coal charcoal in which melted and liquefied low-molecular-weight low-rank coal is fixed to low-molecular-weight low-rank coal components that do not melt or liquefy, with no moisture present in the voids, which have a porosity of 9% or 5% or less throughout the modified coal, and retains a calorific value of more than 8,100 kcal / kg, which is the calorific value of high-rank coal.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to modified low-rank coal, and to a modified low-rank coal manufacturing apparatus, a modified low-rank coal utilization system, a subcritical water treatment device used in the modified low-rank coal manufacturing apparatus, a gasifier used in the modified low-rank coal utilization system, a modified low-rank coal combustion apparatus used in the modified low-rank coal utilization system, a modified low-rank coal manufacturing method, and modified low-rank coal related to a modified low-rank coal utilization method using the modified low-rank coal utilization system. [Background technology]

[0002] Coal can be broadly divided into two categories based on its rank: high rank coal is bituminous coal and anthracite, and low rank coal is peat, lignite, and sub-bituminous coal. Coal with a high rank and high calorific value is bituminous coal and anthracite, which are high-rank coals, while low rank coals, such as sub-bituminous coal, lignite, and peat, have a lower rank than high-rank coals.

[0003] The calorific value of each grade of coal varies with high-grade coal having a high calorific value, and low-grade coal having a lower calorific value than high-grade coal.

[0004] Non-Patent Document 1 describes the JIS coal classification, stating that high-rank coal has a calorific value of 8,100 kcal / kg or more, and subbituminous coal has a calorific value of 8,100 kcal / kg or less. Therefore, the calorific value of low-rank coal is 8,100 kcal / kg or less. Non-Patent Document 1 also describes that the moisture content of high-rank coal is 9.0 to 11.08% (as a percentage of the total) and that of low-rank coal is 26.0%.

[0005] Low-rank coal is traded less on the global market than high-rank coal due to its poor transport and energy efficiency. Furthermore, factories and power plants that burn low-rank coal emit more CO2 and smoke than those that burn high-rank coal, making the use of low-rank coal a political issue due to its high environmental impact.

[0006] On the other hand, low-rank coal accounts for half of the world's coal reserves, and because it has the advantage of being cheap to obtain, research and development has been conducted into improvement technologies from the perspective of modifying low-rank coal and gasifying it, such as removing moisture from low-rank coal, in order to increase the efficiency of transportation and combustion.

[0007] Burning coal emits an average of about 100 kg of CO2 per million BTU (British thermal units) of energy. There is a need to reduce CO2 emissions and create a society that does not burden the environment, and various measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions have been proposed.

[0008] Coal carbonization is a conventional method for obtaining coal gas. In this method, coal is heated and decomposed in the absence of air to obtain coal gas, gas liquid, coal tar, coke, etc.

[0009] CWM technology has been developed and put into practical use, in which water is added to pulverized coal to prepare a slurry-like CWM, which can then be used as an alternative fuel to heavy oil.

[0010] A method for producing synthesis gas from coal is known. In this method, for example, water steam and oxygen are added to coal, and the following coal gasification reactions are carried out sequentially or simultaneously to produce synthesis gas from coal.

[0011] Non-Patent Document 2 contains the following description regarding the production of synthesis gas.

[0012] Coal ⇒H2, CmHn,C 4000kcal / kg(1) C+2H2 → CH4 +17900cal (2) C+ H2O → CO+H2 -31100cal (3) C+2H2O → CO2+2H2 -18200cal (4) C+ CO2 → 2CO -40800cal (5) C+H2O → CO2+H2 +9700cal (6) C+ O2 +94000cal (7) 2C + O2 → 2CO + 53,200 calorie (8) Equation (1) is the carbonization reaction that is the basis of coal gasification. When coal is heated to 350°C or higher, it is carbonized into hydrocarbons such as H2, CO, CH4, and tar, as well as char. In high-temperature gasification, all hydrocarbons and char react again according to the reaction equations shown in equation (2) and below, ultimately becoming synthesis gas of H2 and CO. Equations (7) and (8) are combustion reactions that supply the heat of these reactions.

[0013] Patent Document 1 describes a method and apparatus for converting coal into fuel for power generation facilities. This invention proposes a decomposition reaction process in which a coal-water mixture, made by mixing pulverized coal with water, is decomposed by maintaining the temperature and pressure of the water in a subcritical state, and a gasification process in which a hydrocarbon gas and coal-oil mixture are supplied to a gasification reactor and gasified into a combustible gas mainly composed of CO and H2.

[0014] Patent Document 2 describes a woody biomass production system in which waste material to be treated is placed in a pressure vessel and hydrolyzed using subcritical water, followed by low-temperature torrefaction, recovering the resulting hydrothermal torrefaction solids, and aggregating the resulting hydrothermal torrefaction solids to produce hydrothermal torrefaction pellets. Furthermore, it describes that when the raw material to be treated is wood chips, the torrefaction temperature is set to around 200°C. It also describes that the hydrothermal torrefaction pellets can be used for power generation or as combustion fuel. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0015] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 3947887 [Patent Document 2] Patent No. 7441573 [Non-patent literature]

[0016] [Non-Patent Document 1] "Coal Classification" November 2022, Coal Development Department, Japan Oil, Gas and Metals National Corporation [Non-patent document 2] Energy & Resources Vol.4 No.6 Special Feature C1 Chemical Technology Production of Synthetic Gas from Coal Pages 36-43 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0017] In the coal carbonization method, coal is thermally decomposed to obtain coal gas as a volatile gas, and gas liquid, coal tar, coke, etc. as non-volatile gases. However, when specializing in coal gas as a volatile gas and maximizing the production volume, there is a problem in maximizing the profitability of coal gas as a volatile gas.

[0018] CWM technology involves adding water and oxygen to the raw coal used for processing, which is distilled at temperatures of over 350°C, generating a large amount of carbon dioxide. This has the problem of low calorific value, with an upper limit of around 4,000 kcal / kg.

[0019] The technology described in Patent Document 1 employs a high-temperature subcritical water treatment method to generate a coal-oil mixture, and then employs a gasification process in which the coal-oil mixture is supplied to a gasification reactor and gasified into a combustible gas mainly composed of CO and H2. However, the high-temperature subcritical water treatment method must employ high-temperature treatment to generate the coal-oil mixture.

[0020] According to the technology described in Patent Document 2, a subcritical water treatment method is adopted, and the semi-carbonization temperature can be set to around 200°C. Patent Document 2 describes the basic and fundamental technology of the subcritical water treatment method, but does not describe a coal gasification method using the subcritical water treatment method.

[0021] As mentioned above, low-rank coal is traded less on the global market than high-rank coal due to its poor transport and energy efficiency. In addition, factories and power plants that burn low-rank coal emit more CO2 and smoke than factories and power plants that burn high-rank coal, making the use of low-rank coal, which has a large environmental impact, a political issue.

[0022] In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to improve the quality of coal as a processing material by using a low-temperature subcritical water treatment to reduce the molecular weight of coal, thereby enabling the production of a higher calorific value than that of high-grade coal, and to produce a larger amount of generated gas in a shorter time than conventional coal carbonization methods. Subcritical Water Treatment The objective of the present invention is to modify coal as a processing raw material by producing carbides in a short time.

[0023] Means to solve the problem In the present invention, high-rank coal refers to either bituminous coal or anthracite, or a mixture of these, and low-rank coal refers to either peat, lignite, or sub-bituminous coal, or a mixture of these, and refers to the case where high-rank coal is mixed with either peat, lignite, or sub-bituminous coal, with peat, lignite, or sub-bituminous coal making up the majority.

[0024] In the present invention, bituminous coal or non-bituminous coal is referred to as high-grade coal, and peat, lignite, or sub-bituminous coal is referred to as low-grade coal. Coal that has a calorific value of 8,100 kcal / kg or more is referred to as high-grade coal, and coal that has a calorific value of 8,100 kcal / kg or less is referred to as low-grade coal. When coal is classified into either of these categories, and the porosity of the high-grade coal is 9% or more and 11% or less, the improved coal obtained by improving the high-grade coal is as follows: Overall improved coal volume In the absence of water, the porosity of the coal is 9% or less, and the melted and liquefied low molecular weight coal components are fixed to the non-melted and non-liquefied low molecular weight coal components. Subcritical Water Treatment To provide an improved coal that contains charcoal as a main component and maintains a calorific value of 8,100 kcal / kg or more, which is the calorific value of high-grade coal. Coal that has a calorific value of 8,100 kcal / kg or more is classified as high-rank coal, and coal that has a calorific value of 8,100 kcal / kg or less is classified as low-rank coal. When the porosity of the high-rank coal is 9% or more and 11% or less, the coal that has been modified is called modified coal. In the pores of the upgraded coal, which have a porosity of 5% or less, and in the absence of moisture, the melted and liquefied low-molecular-weight low-rank coal components are fixed to the non-melted and non-liquefied low-molecular-weight low-rank coal components. Subcritical Water Treatment We provide improved low-rank coal, which is mainly composed of charcoal and maintains a calorific value of 8,100 kcal / kg or more, which is the calorific value of high-rank coal.

[0025] As mentioned above, Subcritical Water Treatment "Carbonized coal" is used in connection with the subcritical water treatment of raw coal in the subcritical water treatment equipment, and when the raw coal is low-rank coal, " Subcritical Water Treatment Low-grade coal carbide is called "low-grade coal carbide," and when the raw coal used for processing is high-grade coal, it is called " Subcritical Water Treatment "Improved low-rank coal" is sometimes called "high-rank coal carbide." Subcritical Water Treatment The term "modified low-grade coal" refers to the process in which raw coal is treated with subcritical water in a subcritical water treatment facility, and the calorific value of the treated raw coal is increased by the subcritical water treatment. Subcritical Water Treatment The "moisture" is the moisture contained in the coal used as the raw material for processing, especially low-rank coal, which becomes the source of void formation when evaporated in subcritical water treatment. When the voids are reduced by solidification of the molten and liquefied components, the coal retains a calorific value of more than 8,100 kcal / kg, which is the calorific value of high-rank coal. Subcritical Water Treatment Carbide is produced.

[0026] "Densification" refers to the state of the structure of the modified coal, achieved by the molten and liquefied components solidifying with the non-molten and non-liquefied components, so that the porosity of the modified low-rank coal is 9% or less, preferably 5% or less, and the voids that do not contain moisture are filled and solidified with the molten and liquefied components.

[0027] "8,100 kcal / kg" and "9-11% porosity" are standard values ​​established with reference to the 8,100 kcal / kg held by high-grade coal, and the standard value can be set arbitrarily above 8,100 kcal / kg. For example, 8,400 kcal / kg is set for bituminous coal as specified in JIS M-1002. [Effects of the Invention]

[0028] The modified low-rank coal of the present invention can obtain a calorific value equal to or greater than that of high-rank coal through low-temperature molecular weight reduction treatment in subcritical water treatment, and can modify the coal used as a processing feedstock so that a large amount of generated gas can be produced in a short time compared to conventional coal carbonization methods, etc. The present invention is particularly suitable when the coal used as a processing feedstock is low-rank coal. Subcritical Water Treatment By generating charcoal in a short time, the coal used as the processing material can be improved. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0029] [Figure 1] 1 is a diagram showing an improved low-rank coal production apparatus and a methane gas generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 2] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a fuel self-sufficient methane gas production device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a first subcritical water treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a second subcritical water treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 5] A diagram showing the relationship between temperature X and weight loss rate Y on the XY coordinate system. [Figure 6] Diagram showing the upgrading production of low-rank coal and the use of upgraded low-rank coal [Figure 7] Microscopic photograph of lignite [Figure 8] Microscopic photograph of peat (1) [Figure 9] Microscopic photographs of peat (2) [Figure 10] A diagram illustrating the voids generated by the present invention and the state in which the molten or liquefied material adheres to the voids. [Figure 11] A diagram explaining the improved low-grade coal manufacturing method and the improved low-grade coal utilization method using the improved low-grade coal utilization system [Figure 12] Diagram showing the operation system using improved low-rank coal [Figure 13] A diagram showing an operational system utilizing improved low-rank coal, which has a network for sending and receiving information on the production of improved low-rank coal and / or CO2 emission reduction information. [Figure 14] A diagram showing the internal configuration of the manufacturer / distributor terminal, user terminal, and administrator terminal. [Figure 15] A diagram showing information generated by the manufacturer / distributor terminal, the user terminal, and the administrator terminal, and the exchange of this information. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0030] The following describes the modified coal according to the embodiment of the present invention, taking modified low-rank coal as an example, and the modified high-rank coal will be explained as appropriate.

[0031] As mentioned above, according to Non-Patent Document 1, although it differs depending on the place of production, high-rank coal has a calorific value of 8,100 kcal / kg or more, and low-rank coal has a calorific value of 8,100 kcal / kg. The moisture content of high-rank coal is 9.0 to 11.08% (as a percentage of the total) and 26.0% for low-rank coal.

[0032] 1 is a diagram showing a system for producing and utilizing upgraded low-grade coal according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is a system for producing and utilizing methane gas from upgraded low-grade coal.

[0033] The present invention relates to an improved low-grade coal production and utilization system 100, which includes an improved low-grade coal production apparatus 1 that improves the quality of the low-grade coal used as a processing raw material, and an improved low-grade coal utilization apparatus (utilization apparatus) 2 that utilizes the improved low-grade coal as a heat source raw material, when bituminous coal or non-bituminous coal is called high-grade coal and peat, lignite, or sub-bituminous coal is called low-grade coal, and in particular to a methane gas production and utilization system.

[0034] The upgraded low-rank coal production and utilization system 100 comprises an upgraded low-rank coal production apparatus 1 and an upgraded low-rank coal utilization apparatus 2 that uses bio-coal char produced in the upgraded low-rank coal production apparatus.

[0035] Between the upgraded low-rank coal manufacturing apparatus 1 and the upgraded low-rank coal utilization apparatus 2, a transport means 3 such as a transport vehicle is installed.

[0036] The improved low-grade coal production equipment 1 uses low-grade coal as a medium to Subcritical Water Treatment When the carbonized material is represented by 16, the main components are a subcritical water treatment device 11, a refiner 13 for refined low-grade coal 12, a high-temperature, high-pressure steam generator 14 for generating high-temperature, high-pressure steam and supplying it to the subcritical water treatment device 11, and a furnace for heating the subcritical water treatment device 11. Subcritical Water Treatment It comprises a carrying-out means 15 for carrying out the carbide 16, Subcritical Water Treatment The modified low-rank coal 17 is produced to become charcoal 16. The low-rank coal 12 pulverized by the pulverizer 13 is fed into a subcritical water treatment device 11. Chips are also considered to be pulverized here.

[0037] The carbonized material (also called semi-carbonized material) produced by hydrolysis of low-grade coal 12 in subcritical water treatment equipment 11 is referred to as "carbonized material" here. Subcritical Water Treatment It is called carbide.

[0038] The subcritical water treatment device 11 has a temperature curve characteristic in which the relationship between the temperature X and the weight loss rate Y during hydrolysis treatment is expressed by a portion on the XY-axis coordinate system where the temperature X is 220°C or less and a shoulder portion of a gradual weight loss line that continues to a portion where the weight decreases rapidly, and the subcritical water treatment device 11 forms, within the temperature shoulder portion of the temperature curve, a first temperature region of 220°C or less and a second temperature adjustment region for adjusting the temperature to 130°C or less, and in the first temperature region of 220°C or less, voids are formed with a volume of 20% or more of the unit volume of the low-rank coal obtained by removing moisture contained in the low-rank coal as a treatment raw material, and a molten and liquefied component is formed from a portion of the low-rank coal, and in the second temperature adjustment region for adjusting the temperature to 130°C or less, the molten and liquefied component is solidified in the voids to fill and solidify the non-liquefied components in the other portions, thereby maintaining a calorific value of 8,100 kcal / kg or more that is maintained by high-rank coal. Subcritical Water Treatment Carbide 16 is produced.

[0039] Here, the term "treatment" refers to subcritical water reaction treatment, and the subcritical water reaction treatment results in a process in which some of the coagulated low-rank coal that has been degraded into low-molecular-weight particles adheres to other degraded low-rank coal particles. Subcritical Water Treatment This refers to the formation of carbides. Subcritical Water Treatment The carbonized material appears slightly blackish and carbonized. In this embodiment, the improved low-grade coal production apparatus 1 is provided with the subcritical water treatment device 11, Subcritical Water Treatment A carbonized product is produced, and modified low-rank coal is manufactured. The modified low-rank coal can be used as a heat source raw material for low-molecular-weight carbonized products with a calorific value equal to or greater than that of high-rank coal, which has a calorific value of 8,100 kcal / kg or more per unit weight.

[0040] The low-rank coal is subjected to a subcritical water reaction treatment with superheated steam and carbonized as described below, and becomes the basis for producing a char, i.e., bio-char. The subcritical water reactor 11 can perform a subcritical water reaction treatment on the input low-rank coal 1 as a processing raw material.

[0041] Subcritical water reaction involves confining high-temperature, high-pressure water in a pressure vessel to hydrolyze the high-molecular-weight, low-rank coal that has been introduced, converting it into lower-molecular-weight compounds. Subcritical water reaction equipment is also called subcritical treatment equipment or subcritical equipment.

[0042] The produced improved low-rank coal 17 is transported to the improved low-rank coal utilization device 2 by the transport means 3. The transport means 3 includes a transporter, Subcritical Water Treatment It consists of a carbide storage machine and a belt conveyor with a feeding means.

[0043] The upgraded low-rank coal utilization device 2 includes, for example, a fuel self-sufficient methane gas production device 20, as one example.

[0044] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the configuration of the upgraded low-rank coal utilization device 2. As shown in FIG.

[0045] In Figure 2, the improved low-grade coal utilization device 2 is composed of a gasification means 21, an activated carbon recovery means 22, a superheated steam generation means 23, a generated gas discharge means 24, a gas cooling means 25 for cooling the discharged gas, a dust separation means 26, a bag filter 27, and a gas holder 28.

[0046] The gasification means 21 is composed of a cylindrical gasification furnace 31, a burner 32, internal piping 33 connected to the burner 32, a superheated steam pipe 34 arranged in the center of the gasification furnace 31, a modified low-grade coal injection device 35, a gas outlet section 36, and an activated carbon outlet section 37.

[0047] The activated carbon recovery means 22 is connected to the activated carbon outlet portion 37, receives the activated carbon residue generated by the gasification means 21, and is composed of a cooling conveyor 41 having a cooling device 42 around it to cool the activated carbon, and an activated carbon storage container 43, in which the activated carbon is stored and accumulated.

[0048] The superheated steam generating means 23 comprises a boiler 30 connected to a water supply device 29, a gas heating device 48 with piping 47 inside, and a burner 32 connected to the gas holder 28 and into which the generated gas is introduced via piping 45. Steam at 160 to 180°C from the boiler 30 and the generated gas from the gas outlet 36 are introduced into the gas heating device 48, and heat exchange takes place between the superheated steam and the generated gas, generating superheated steam at 500°C through the heat exchange.

[0049] The generated superheated steam at 500° C. is supplied from the gas heating device 48 through the pipe 46 to the superheated steam pipe 34 .

[0050] Superheated steam is introduced into the gasification means 21. Heat exchange occurs between the input modified low-rank coal, the superheated steam, and the heated gas from the burner 32. Gas, i.e., methane gas, is generated by the heat exchange. The generated gas is guided to the gas outlet 36, and the residual activated carbon is guided to the activated carbon outlet 37.

[0051] A part of the generated gas is supplied from the gas outlet 36 to the superheated steam generating means 23 , and another part is branched and supplied to the gas cooling means 25 .

[0052] The gas cooling means 25 includes a condenser 50, which is a cooler. The condenser 50 is connected to the gas outlet 36 by a pipe 51, and is connected to the dust separating means 26 by a pipe 52.

[0053] The dust separating means 26 comprises a dust separator 54 and a dust container 53 for storing dust. The dust separator 54 is connected to the bag filter 27 via a pipe 55, where impurities are removed.

[0054] The gas from which impurities have been removed is led to and stored in the gas holder 28 via piping 56. A piping 59 is provided connecting the gas holder 28 and the burner 32, and an LPG (liquefied petroleum gas) bag 57 is connected to the piping 59. The LPG gas 58 is flow-controlled, mixed with a portion of the gas from the gas holder 28 that has also been flow-controlled, and supplied to the burner 32 via the piping 59.

[0055] The activated carbon is led to an outlet portion 37 .

[0056] A part of the generated gas is supplied from the gas outlet 36 to the superheated steam generating means 23 , and another part is branched and supplied to the gas cooling means 25 .

[0057] The gas cooling means 25 includes a condenser 50, which is a cooler. The condenser 50 is connected to the gas outlet 36 by a pipe 51, and is connected to the dust separating means 26 by a pipe 52.

[0058] The dust separating means 26 comprises a dust separator 54 and a dust container 53 for storing dust. The dust separator 54 is connected to the bag filter 27 via a pipe 55, where impurities are removed.

[0059] The gas from which impurities have been removed is led to and stored in the gas holder 28 via piping 56. A piping 59 is provided connecting the gas holder 28 and the burner 32, and an LPG (liquefied petroleum gas) bag 57 is connected to the piping 59. The LPG gas 58 is flow-controlled, mixed with a portion of the gas from the gas holder 28 that has also been flow-controlled, and supplied to the burner 32 via the piping 59.

[0060] The gas stored in the gas holder 28 is discharged to a gas transport vehicle 60 via a pipe 61. The discharged gas is transported by the gas transport vehicle 60 and delivered to a power generation facility 98.

[0061] The gas supply is not limited to delivery by gas transport vehicle 60. As shown in Figure 1, the gas may be delivered to a power generation facility 98 using piping means 95.

[0062] The power generation facility 98 is made up of a generator 96 and a gas engine 97. The power generation facility 98 is connected to a power transmission facility (not shown).

[0063] The electricity generated by the generator 96 is normally adjusted in voltage, current, and frequency using a well-known power transmission device and then transmitted to the power transmission system.

[0064] The gas can be branched by providing a branching device (not shown) in the gas holder 28. The branched gas is led to a reformer (not shown) that constitutes a hydrogen generation system.

[0065] The reformer can use steam to reform methane, the main component of the gas, to produce hydrogen, i.e., the reformer can produce hydrogen from methane by steam reforming.

[0066] The hydrogen produced in the reformer is liquefied and stored in a hydrogen storage device (not shown), and the liquefied hydrogen can be used for various purposes.

[0067] In this example, a reformer is used, but hydrogen and solid carbon may also be produced from methane by plasma pyrolysis.

[0068] The method for generating hydrogen is not limited to the above-described method, and other methods may be adopted.

[0069] Methanol may be produced from methane.

[0070] The reformer may use the reformed low-rank coal to produce ammonia gas containing ammonia as a main component.

[0071] In this way, the upgraded low-rank coal production and utilization system 100 can be composed of the upgraded low-rank coal production apparatus 1 and the upgraded low-rank coal utilization apparatus 2 that uses the upgraded low-rank coal produced in the upgraded low-rank coal production apparatus. The upgraded low-rank coal utilization apparatus 2 produces methane, and the produced methane can be used directly or by converting it into various gases using existing technology. The production and utilization system in Figure 1 shows an example in which methane is produced and used as is without being converted into other gases, and is used to generate electricity.

[0072] FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the configuration of an apparatus for producing upgraded low-rank coal according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0073] In Fig. 3, the upgraded low-rank coal production apparatus includes a subcritical water reaction treatment apparatus, and is configured to include a treatment material input system, a heat source for supplying heat, a hydrothermal reaction residue treatment system, and a control device. A typical upgraded low-rank coal production apparatus itself has a well-known configuration.

[0074] In this embodiment of the present invention, the subcritical water reaction apparatus 11 includes a pressure vessel (also called a reactor) 101. The pressure vessel 101 is connected to a boiler 102 used as a heat source for supplying steam using an aqueous medium, and is also connected to a processing material input system, a methane recovery system, a hydrothermal reaction treatment system, and a torrefaction treatment system. A control device 105 is provided to control the temperature, pressure, and treatment time inside the pressure vessel. The control device 105 is linked to a manufacturer / distributor terminal 66, which will be described later.

[0075] The pressure vessel 101 is composed of an outer cylindrical vessel (also called an outer jacket) 111 and an inner cylindrical vessel (also called an inner jacket) 112 arranged on the inner wall of the outer cylindrical vessel 111 with a space therebetween, and an agitator 113 is provided in the space (inner space) 106 within the inner cylindrical vessel.

[0076] The pressure vessel 101 is provided with closure lids 114 and 115 at both ends, and one of the lids 115 is provided with a drive motor 116 on its side. The drive motor 116 is connected to an agitator 113 having rotating blades.

[0077] An outer temperature sensor and an outer pressure sensor 121 are provided to measure the temperature and pressure in the space (outer space) 107 between the outer cylindrical container 111 and the inner cylindrical container 112, an inner temperature sensor and an inner pressure sensor 122 to measure the temperature and pressure in the space (inner space) 106 of the inner cylindrical container 112, and a moisture sensor 123 to measure the moisture in the space of the inner cylindrical container 112. These sensors measure the temperature and pressure in the inner space 106 and the moisture in the inner space 106 of the inner cylindrical container 112, and each measurement value is transmitted as a data signal to the control device 105 via an electronic circuit. These signal data are recorded in the recording means of the control device 105. The measured moisture content is used to set control data for the torrefaction treatment time.

[0078] The pressure vessel 101 is provided with a steam exhaust pipe 118 connected to the inner cylindrical vessel 112, and a discharge control valve 119 is provided on the steam exhaust pipe 118. With this configuration, water vapor in the inner space can be discharged to the outside. The pressure vessel 101 is equipped with an input hopper 125 connected to the inner cylindrical vessel 112, and an outlet having an outlet pipe 126 connected to the inner cylindrical vessel 112. An outlet discharge control valve 120 is provided on the outlet pipe 126. With this configuration, the char produced by the hydrothermal reaction treatment can be recovered to the outside, i.e., in a char recovery device.

[0079] The pulverizer 103 (corresponding to the pulverizer 13 in Figure 1) receives the collected low-rank coal 131 (corresponding to the low-rank coal 12 in Figure 1), pulverizes the low-rank coal 131 into fine particles in the pulverizer 13, and feeds the low-rank coal 131 into the feed hopper 125. A control valve is provided in the feed hopper 125, and the feeding of the low-rank coal 131, subsequent processing, and temperature adjustment are controlled by the control device 105.

[0080] The crushing operation of the crusher 103 is controlled by a control device 105 connected by an electronic circuit.

[0081] When the low-rank coal 131 used as raw material for processing is collected, the type of the low-rank coal 131 used as raw material for processing is classified as peat, lignite, or sub-bituminous coal, and the low-rank coal is purchased by the manufacturer / seller 66A. The classification of the type of the raw material for processing is approved by the manufacturer / seller 66A, who is the operator. Data on the type of low-rank coal 131 used as raw material for processing is stored as low-rank coal information and is used for control by the control device 105.

[0082] The boiler 102 is provided with a steam supply passage 133 that supplies the generated steam to the pressure vessel 101. A high-temperature, high-pressure steam generator 140 (high-temperature, high-pressure steam generator 14 in FIG. 1) is provided in the steam supply passage 133, and the generated high-temperature, high-pressure steam is supplied to the pressure vessel 101.

[0083] The steam supply line 133 branches into a branch line 134 that supplies high-temperature, high-pressure steam into the space between the outer cylindrical vessel 111 and the inner cylindrical vessel 112, and a branch line 135 that supplies high-temperature, high-pressure steam into the space inside the inner cylindrical vessel 112, and each branch line is provided with control valves 136 and 137. The control valves 136 and 137 are connected to the control device 105, and their opening and closing are controlled and adjusted by the control device 105. The high-temperature, high-pressure steam is supplied to the space between the outer cylindrical vessel 111 and the inner cylindrical vessel 112 and / or the space inside the inner cylindrical vessel 112. By providing a high-temperature, high-pressure steam generator 140, the internal temperature, i.e., the hydrothermal reaction treatment temperature, can be increased regardless of the pressure inside the inner cylindrical vessel.

[0084] The subcritical water reaction apparatus 11 is composed of a pressure vessel equipped with an inlet for the low-grade coal 131 used as the raw material for treatment, a mechanism for homogenizing the hydrothermal reaction, and an outlet for taking out the carbonized powder produced after the hydrothermal reaction treatment, a heat source for the hydrothermal reaction treatment and a control device for controlling the hydrothermal reaction treatment and the heat treatment. Subcritical Water Treatment Carbide 16 is produced.

[0085] The pressure vessel is composed of an outer cylindrical vessel and an inner cylindrical vessel, and the inner space within the inner cylindrical vessel is An outer space between the inner cylindrical container and the outer cylindrical container is defined by the inner cylindrical container.

[0086] The control device 105 sets the hydrothermal reaction temperature of the subcritical reaction range of water under a predetermined pressure in the hydrolysis treatment area, and hydrolyzes the low-rank coal 131 as the treatment raw material in the hydrolysis treatment area to produce a hydrolysis treatment substance, i.e., a treatment result of the low-rank coal 131 as the treatment raw material. Subcritical Water Treatment Carbide 16 is produced.

[0087] For example, water vapor is introduced into the inner space, and a hydrothermal reaction temperature in the subcritical reaction range of water is adopted. The hydrothermal reaction pressure is within 2.5 MPa, typically within 0.3 to 3.5 MPa, and a hydrothermal reaction time is appropriately set to form a hydrolysis treatment zone controlled to hydrolyze the low-rank coal 131 as the treatment raw material to produce a powdered hydrolysis treatment substance. Subcritical Water Treatment Produces carbides.

[0088] The introduction of steam into the inner space is stopped, and the steam in the inner space is discharged to the outside. The steam is generated by discharging the steam from the low-grade coal 131, which is the raw material for processing, to the outside. The low-grade coal 131 contains a larger amount of moisture inside than the high-grade coal, and is softer than the high-grade coal.

[0089] In the drying and carbonization treatment area, a carbonization and powder treatment temperature obtained from the type of low-grade coal 131 as the treatment raw material is set under a predetermined pressure, and a predetermined calorific value is obtained from the hydrolysis treatment material, and a predetermined calorific value is secured relative to the calorific value of the low-grade coal 131 as the treatment raw material, and a calorific value is obtained relative to the calorific value of the high-grade coal. Subcritical Water Treatment Produces carbides.

[0090] In the outer space, a carbonization treatment area is formed in which the carbonization temperature is within the range of 150 to 220°C and the treatment time is controlled, and a high calorific value is generated from the hydrolysis treatment material based on the hydrothermal reaction treatment. Subcritical Water Treatment Produces carbides.

[0091] The melting and liquefaction treatment area can be formed by controlling the treatment time within the temperature range of 150 to 220°C.

[0092] After hydrothermal reaction carbonized powder Subcritical Water Treatment As the carbonized material is recovered in a recovery device 141, harmful materials are rendered harmless and reduced in volume 142.

[0093] And, High calorific value resource: The calorific value of the low-rank coal 131 used as the raw material is 1.5 times higher than the calorific value of 1. Subcritical Water Treatment carbide manufacturing - Carbon dioxide, dioxin and odor suppression is achieved.

[0094] In this example, a subcritical water reaction apparatus 11 was used.

[0095] The pressure vessel is composed of an outer cylindrical vessel and an inner cylindrical vessel. The inner space within the cylindrical container and the outer space formed between the inner cylindrical container and the outer cylindrical container are referred to as the inner cylindrical container. Compartmentalized by a cylindrical container, a first heating means for introducing high-temperature, high-pressure steam into the inner space and directly heating the inner space; and a second heating means for directly heating the outer space and indirectly heating the inner space; a hydrolysis treatment zone in which a hydrothermal reaction by hydrolysis is carried out under a hydrothermal reaction pressure can be formed in the internal space by a first heating means; The internal space is heated by a second heating means under a predetermined pressure to form a hydrolysis treatment area. It is possible to form a drying and carbonization treatment area.

[0096] An improved low-grade coal production system 1 was constructed, which includes a hydrothermal reaction treatment and carbonization treatment system 9 and a subcritical water reaction device 11, utilizing a double-pipe pressure vessel, and the subcritical water reaction device 11 is a heating means, i.e., a system that uses a heat source such as a boiler.

[0097] FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the configuration of another subcritical water reaction apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0098] The configuration of the subcritical water reaction apparatus 11 in this example is substantially the same as the configuration of the subcritical water reaction apparatus 11 shown in FIG.

[0099] 4, a heater 117 is provided in an external space 107, and a heating power supply 102A is provided in parallel with a boiler 102. The heating power supply 102A is connected to a control device 105 via an electric circuit and is controlled to be turned on and off.

[0100] The heater 117 is electrically heated by the supply of electricity from the heating power supply 102A.

[0101] The outer space 107 is heated by a heat medium from a heater 117 instead of steam heat, which is different from the configuration of the subcritical water reaction apparatus 11 shown in FIG. Subcritical Water Treatment The formation of carbides is the same.

[0102] High-temperature, high-pressure steam is introduced into the inner space, and a low-temperature hydrolysis treatment zone is formed, in which the temperature of the subcritical reaction zone and the hydrothermal reaction pressure are controlled to within 3.5 MPa, typically within 2.5 MPa, and the hydrothermal reaction treatment time is appropriately set, and the low-rank coal 131 as the treatment raw material is hydrolyzed to produce a hydrolysis treatment substance. Subcritical Water Treatment The formation of carbonized material is the same as in the previous example, but the difference is that a carbonization treatment area within the outer space, where the temperature is above the hydrothermal reaction temperature and within 220°C and the treatment time is controlled, is electrically heated and formed by a heating heater 117 supplied with electricity from a heating power source 102A.

[0103] FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between temperature X (horizontal axis of FIG. 5, "processing temperature (°C)") and weight loss rate Y (vertical axis of FIG. 5, "weight change of low-rank coal (%)") on an XY coordinate system when low-rank coal 131, the raw material for processing, is carbonized.

[0104] This figure shows the relationship between the processing temperature X and the weight change Y of the processing material (low-grade coal 131, the raw material being processed) on the XY axis coordinate system. When low-grade coal 131, the raw material being processed, is carbonized, the relationship between the temperature X and the weight loss rate Y is known to be expressed as an S-shaped curve on the XY axis coordinate system, which can be divided into three sections: the shoulder of the gradual weight loss line that continues to the part where the weight suddenly decreases, the part where the weight suddenly decreases on the S-shaped curve (temperature curve), and the end of the S-shaped curve where the weight suddenly decreases and the gradual decrease line ends.

[0105] In heat treatment (dry distillation) where the raw material is kept free of air, the weight change is known to follow a course similar to the curve of the processing temperature and weight change of the low-rank coal 131 in the raw material, the so-called pyrolysis curve (dry distillation curve), shown in Figure 5. Here, the horizontal axis represents the heating temperature, i.e., the processing temperature, and the vertical axis represents the weight percentage of the remaining solid (residual carbon) relative to the original low-rank coal 131 in the raw material. The decrease in residual carbon occurs most rapidly around 250°C, and continues to decrease slowly even at temperatures above 400°C, eventually resulting in a charcoal product of about 1 / 3 to 1 / 4 the weight. Here, the shoulder of the gradual weight loss line that continues to the part where the weight suddenly decreases is called region (1), the part of the S-curve where the weight suddenly decreases is called region (2), and the part of the gradual weight loss line that ends at the S-curve is called region (3).

[0106] The International Energy Agency (IEA) defines "torrefaction" as "heat treatment carried out at 250 to 320°C in a reduced-oxygen atmosphere," and traditionally, semi-carbide formation was carried out at temperatures in the (2) region.

[0107] The low-grade coal is decomposed into smaller molecules and solidified, and the solidified part is separated into other smaller molecules that retain their shape before treatment. Subcritical Water Treatment Carbide 16 is produced.

[0108] In FIG. 6, the upgrading production of the upgraded low-rank coal S1 includes the preparation of the raw low-rank coal S11, the subcritical water treatment S12, and Subcritical Water Treatment Formed from carbide S13, it is made from modified low-rank coal and has a high calorific value. Subcritical Water TreatmentChar is produced and modified low rank coal is produced for various forms of utilization.

[0109] The subcritical water treatment S12 is composed of a first-stage temperature treatment S121 at 220°C or less, which is one of the temperature treatments during the subcritical water treatment, and a second-stage temperature treatment S122 at 130°C or less.

[0110] Subcritical Water Treatment The formation of coal carbide S13 results in high calorific value Subcritical Water Treatment Obtain carbide.

[0111] First, in step S11, low-rank coal is prepared as the raw material for processing. As described above, the low-rank coal used as the raw material for processing is peat, lignite, sub-bituminous coal, or a mixture of these. These are the main components, and bituminous coal or anthracite may be mixed in as an auxiliary.

[0112] The raw material low-rank coal is pulverized and then subjected to subcritical water treatment S12 and Subcritical Water Treatment Carbide formation S13 occurs.

[0113] In step S12, the pulverized low-rank coal as the raw material for treatment is subjected to subcritical water treatment and subjected to temperature treatment as employed in subcritical water treatment.

[0114] In step S121, the first stage of temperature treatment is carried out at 220° C. or less.

[0115] The first stage of temperature treatment below 220°C is -Removal of moisture contained in low-rank coal as raw material The low-rank coal used as raw material for processing contains voids with a volume of 20% or more of the unit volume of the low-rank coal. formation Melting and liquefying a portion of the low-grade coal used as raw material It consists of:

[0116] In step S122, the temperature is adjusted and the adjusted temperature is continuously maintained at 130° C. or less in the second stage of the temperature treatment.

[0117] The second stage of the temperature treatment is below 130°C. -Condensing the molten or liquefied components in the voids and adhering them to other components that do not melt or liquefy - Obtaining a calorific value of 8,100 kcal / kg or more per unit weight, which is the calorific value of high-grade coal By adjusting the temperature and maintaining the adjusted temperature continuously, the components of the melted and liquefied low-rank coal can be used to fill the voids sufficiently, for example, to keep the void volume within 9% or 5%.

[0118] By S13, Subcritical Water Treatment Carbide formation occurs.

[0119] obtained Subcritical Water Treatment The carbonized material is formed by filling the molten and liquefied components that have condensed in the voids and adhering to the other components that do not melt or liquefy. Subcritical Water Treatment It is a carbide formed by sintering.

[0120] By processing in this way, Subcritical Water Treatment From the carbonized material, it is possible to produce improved low-rank coal with a calorific value per unit weight of more than 8,100 kcal / kg, which is the calorific value of high-rank coal.

[0121] As described above, the temperature characteristic curve is adjusted to a shoulder temperature in a first stage of a temperature range of 220°C or less and a second stage of an adjusted temperature range of 130°C or less, and in the first stage of a temperature range of 220°C or less, voids are formed with a volume of 20% or more of the unit volume of the low-rank coal from which moisture contained in the low-rank coal in the processing raw material has been removed, and molten and liquefied components are formed from part of the low-rank coal, and in the second stage of an adjusted temperature range of 130°C or less, the molten and liquefied components are solidified within the voids and fixed to the remaining components that do not melt or liquefy, filling the voids, and maintaining a calorific value per unit weight of 8,100 kcal / kg or more, which is maintained by high-rank coal. Subcritical Water Treatment The subcritical water treatment device 11 is used in an improved low-rank coal production device that produces charcoal.

[0122] By S2, the upgraded low-rank coal is utilized to produce upgraded low-rank coal with a high calorific value, which can be utilized in various ways, including for power generation.

[0123] Figure 6 shows an example of the use of upgraded low-rank coal with a high calorific value.

[0124] Methane gasification treatment method: treatment temperature 350-600℃, treatment time 60-120 minutes The appropriate treatment temperature of 350 to 450°C is about 30 to 40 minutes.

[0125] Methane gas is generated in S21, and combustion raw material for the reformed low-rank coal combustion device is secured in S22. Subcritical Water Treatment Carbon (C) from the carbide and hydrogen (H2) from the superheated steam react with heat to produce methane (CH4).

[0126] Methane production treatment is a temperature treatment at 350 to 600°C. Basically, a low temperature of 350 to 450°C, below 500°C, is used as the appropriate temperature for treatment, and the treatment time is set to 30 to 40 minutes.

[0127] As described above, the treatment times required for the first-stage treatment method, the second-stage treatment method, and the methane gasification treatment method are approximately several tens of minutes, and compared to conventional methods, the feed coal, preferably low-rank coal, can be methanated more easily and in a much shorter time.

[0128] Therefore, the present invention can be applied in various ways to provide various systems for utilizing upgraded low-rank coal.

[0129] When the methane produced is heated, some of it becomes ethane or propane, but basically methane-based gas and lower hydrocarbons are produced.

[0130] The gas is mainly methane, and in the case of upgraded low-rank coal, it is possible to produce gas with a methane concentration of 70 to 80%.

[0131] The small amounts of oxygen (O2), carbon dioxide (CO2), and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) contained in methane can be removed.

[0132] As is well known, methane gas -Securing methane as fuel for generators Securing hydrogen It is possible to do this.

[0133] Methane can be used to produce hydrogen, carbon dioxide, and ammonia gas using existing technology.

[0134] Returning to Figures 1 and 2, in the methane gas production and utilization system, the generation of gas mainly consisting of methane is Subcritical Water Treatment This is done by gasifying the charcoal in an oxidizing state.

[0135] The improved low-rank coal production and utilization system 100 is configured by an improved low-rank coal production apparatus and an improved low-rank coal utilization apparatus 2 that uses the improved low-rank coal produced in the improved low-rank coal production apparatus.

[0136] The improved low-grade coal production and utilization system 100 includes an improved low-grade coal utilization device 2, for example. Subcritical Water Treatment a gasification means 21 for gasifying coal charcoal into methane; The aforementioned Subcritical Water Treatment The porosity of the carbonized material relative to the total volume is equal to or less than the porosity of high-grade coal, which is 9 to 11%, i.e., 11% or less, preferably 5% or less; The gasification furnace gasifies the modified low-rank coal in an oxidative state and can produce gas mainly composed of methane with the same energy as that obtained when gasifying high-rank coal that has a calorific value of 8,100 kcal / kg or more per unit weight.

[0137] In the improved low-rank coal production and utilization system 100, the improved low-rank coal utilization device 2 includes a gasification means 21 that gasifies the improved low-rank coal into methane.

[0138] The generated methane gas is stored in a gas holder 28, and a part of the stored methane gas is combusted by a gas means 21 to generate combustion gas, thereby forming a fuel self-sufficient methane gas production device 20 that can gasify reformed low-rank coal with the generated combustion gas.

[0139] The subcritical water treatment device has a temperature characteristic curve in which the relationship between temperature X and weight loss rate Y during hydrolysis treatment is expressed on an XY-axis coordinate system as a portion where temperature X is 220°C or less and a shoulder of a gradual weight loss line continues to a portion where weight loss is rapid, and the subcritical water treatment device (11) has a first temperature region of 220°C or less and a second temperature adjustment region for adjusting to a temperature of 130°C or less formed at the temperature shoulder of the temperature characteristic curve, and the subcritical water treatment device has a first-stage treatment means in the first-stage temperature region of 220°C or less, where the temperature is 150 to 220°C, and a predetermined treatment time, and a second-stage treatment means in the second-stage temperature region of 130°C or less, where the temperature is 110 to 130°C, and a predetermined treatment time, In the first stage processing means, a molten / liquefied component is formed from voids occupying 20% ​​or more of the unit volume of the low-rank coal from which the moisture contained in the low-rank coal as a processing raw material has been removed, and from a portion of the low-rank coal; in the second stage processing means, the molten / liquefied component is solidified in the voids and fixed to the remaining components that do not melt or liquefy, thereby filling the voids; The void ratio of the total volume of the improved low-grade coal manufacturing equipment is set to 11% or less. Subcritical Water Treatment Generates carbides, The equipment for utilizing the improved low-rank coal is Subcritical Water Treatment a gasification means for methaneizing the charcoal, The gasification means Subcritical Water Treatment Gasification of charcoal in an oxygen-free environment to produce methane A system for utilizing improved low-rank coal is constructed, characterized by the above.

[0140] In the upgraded low-rank coal production and utilization system 100, the upgraded low-rank coal utilization device 21 may include an upgraded low-rank coal combustion device (not shown) that uses the upgraded low-rank coal as fuel.

[0141] The porosity of the bio-coal carbonized material is set to 9% or less, preferably 5% or less, of the total volume. The coal combustion device can combust the upgraded low-rank coal and recover combustion energy.

[0142] A gasification means 21 used in an improved low-rank coal production and utilization system 100, The gasification means can gasify the upgraded low-rank coal, the void ratio of which is 9% or less, preferably 5% or less, of the total volume, in a non-oxidizing state.

[0143] By gasifying the modified low-rank coal 17 in a non-oxidizing state using the fuel self-sufficient methane gas production system 20, CO2 emissions can be prevented, thereby reducing CO2 emissions compared to when conventional high-rank coal is used as fuel. Furthermore, by using the fuel self-sufficient methane gas production system 20, CO2 emissions can be effectively reduced in a self-sufficient manner by using the methane produced from the modified low-rank coal 17.

[0144] This embodiment has the advantage that it can be used as fuel for the modified low-rank coal in conventional coal combustion equipment by producing modified low-rank coal with a calorific value comparable to that of high-rank coal. However, by using the methane produced as described above, it is possible to prevent CO2 emissions, and CO2 emissions can be reduced compared to when modified low-rank coal is used as fuel.

[0145] Hereinafter, photographs obtained during the subcritical water reaction treatment according to this example will be described.

[0146] One example is presented for lignite, and two examples are presented for peat. The upper side shows a photograph of the raw material state of low-rank coal before processing, i.e., before the processing of this example, and the lower side shows the state after processing, i.e., after the processing of this example. Subcritical Water Treatment A photograph of the carbide is presented.

[0147] Figure 7 shows an example of brown coal: a microscopic photograph of brown coal. Subcritical Water TreatmentThe micrograph taken when carbides were formed is shown at the bottom.

[0148] Figure 8 shows a microscopic photograph of peat (1): Subcritical Water Treatment The micrograph taken when carbides were formed is shown at the bottom.

[0149] Figure 9 shows a microscopic photograph of peat (2): Subcritical Water Treatment Another micrograph taken when carbides were formed is shown below.

[0150] In addition, lignite Subcritical Water Treatment Microscopic photograph of the formation of charcoal from peat Subcritical Water Treatment The micrographs taken when carbides were formed were Subcritical Water Treatment It is also a photograph of the modified low-rank coal obtained from the char.

[0151] As shown in each photograph, the molten and liquid components solidified and became low molecular weight. Subcritical Water Treatment The carbide is a low molecular weight material that does not stick to other molten or liquid materials. Subcritical Water Treatment It adheres to the carbide and becomes integrated, breaking down into smaller molecules. Subcritical Water Treatment It can be seen that the carbide fills the voids that existed before the subcritical water reaction treatment, and the structure is densified and modified. Subcritical Water Treatment The porosity of the carbonized material is 9% or less of the total volume. There is no moisture in the pores. The porosity of the carbonized material is 5% or less of the total volume. Subcritical Water Treatment Carbonized materials can be easily produced by adjusting the temperature.

[0152] By adjusting the temperature and maintaining the adjusted temperature, the low molecular weight solidified by the molten or liquid material can be Subcritical Water Treatment The pores can be filled sufficiently with the carbonized components, for example, the pore volume can be filled and solidified to within 9% or 5%. Compared to the porosity of high-grade coal, which is 9-11%, the low-molecular-weight carbon solidified with molten or liquid materials is Subcritical Water Treatment The carbide components are sufficient to fill the voids and solidify to make the material dense.

[0153] As the voids are filled with the molten or liquid material as described above, the cross section, as captured in the electron microscope photograph, Subcritical Water Treatment The porosity of the charcoal as a whole is smaller, similar, or equivalent to the porosity of the high-grade coal. Subcritical Water Treatment Thus, the modified low-rank coal is produced in which the porosity configuration of the modified low-rank coal is smaller than, similar to, or equivalent to the porosity configuration of the high-rank coal.

[0154] Coal that has a calorific value of 8,100 kcal / kg or more is classified as high-rank coal, and coal that has a calorific value of 8,100 kcal / kg or less is classified as low-rank coal. When the porosity of the high-rank coal is 9% or more and 11% or less, the coal that has been modified is called modified coal. The porosity of the entire upgraded coal is 9% or less, and in the absence of moisture, the pores are formed of bio-coal charcoal in which melted and liquefied low-molecular-weight coal components (typically low-rank coal components) are fixed to low-molecular-weight coal components (typically low-rank coal components) that are not melted or liquefied, thereby producing upgraded coal (typically low-rank coal) that retains a calorific value of 8,100 kcal / kg or more, which is the calorific value of high-rank coal. Alternatively, Coal that has a calorific value of 8,100 kcal / kg or more is classified as high-rank coal, and coal that has a calorific value of 8,100 kcal / kg or less is classified as low-rank coal. When the porosity of the high-rank coal is 9% or more and 11% or less, the coal that has been modified is called modified coal. The porosity of the modified coal is 5% or less, and in the absence of moisture, the pores are formed as bio-coal charcoal, in which melted and liquefied low-molecular-weight low-rank coal is fixed to low-molecular-weight low-rank coal components that do not melt or liquefy, resulting in the production of modified low-rank coal that retains a calorific value of more than 8,100 kcal / kg, the same as high-rank coal.

[0155] Modified coal includes modified high-rank coal and low-rank coal.

[0156] Although the examples of lignite and peat are shown in Figs. 7 to 9, sub-bituminous coal has a higher grade than lignite and peat, and similar photographs can be obtained for sub-bituminous coal as well.

[0157] 10 is a diagram illustrating the voids generated by the present invention and the state in which the molten and liquefied material adheres to the voids. It also shows a schematic diagram of the formation of upgraded low-rank coal when low-rank coal is upgraded and produced.

[0158] Figure 10(a) shows the raw material morphology of low-rank coal before subcritical water treatment, Figure 10(b) shows the morphology of the improved low-rank coal after subcritical water treatment, and Figure 10(c) shows the morphology of high-rank coal without subcritical water treatment for comparison. In these figures, the states in which voids are assumed to be aggregated, the states in which some low-rank coal is embedded in the voids, and the states in which some high-rank coal is embedded in the voids are exaggerated to make the explanation easier to understand.

[0159] In Figure 10(a), the prepared low-rank coal contains a moisture porosity of 20% or more. The moisture porosity includes air voids. As shown in the figure, the moisture porosity occupies a large volume in the low-rank coal.

[0160] In Figure 10(b), the porosity of the upgraded low-rank coal is 9% or less, preferably 5% or less. The porosity can be reduced from 20% to, for example, 9% or less, preferably 5% or less, by temperature adjustment treatment. There is no moisture in the pores.

[0161] As mentioned above, the moisture content of high-rank coal as a whole (moisture content) is 9.0 to 11.0. The melted and liquefied components are fixed to the non-melted and non-liquefied components, and the porosity of the improved low-rank coal is 9% or less, preferably 5% or less, and the molten and liquefied components fill the voids where moisture does not exist, resulting in a densified coal. Subcritical Water Treatment It is possible to produce carbides, which can provide significant benefits.

[0162] In most of the voids, a solid mass is formed due to the cooling of the molten or liquid material. Some parts contain air, but the moisture has completely evaporated and is no longer contained.

[0163] The structural form of the modified low-rank coal shown in Figure 10(b) is similar to that of the high-rank coal shown in Figure 10(c), and it is possible to produce modified low-rank coal with a calorific value equal to or greater than the energy obtained when gasifying high-rank coal that holds a calorific value of 8,100 kcal / kg or more per unit weight.

[0164] By adjusting the temperature and maintaining it continuously, the pores can be sufficiently filled with the components of the bio-coal charcoal that have been broken down into smaller molecules and solidified with the molten or liquid material, for example, so that the porosity is less than 11%, preferably less than 5%. Even compared to the porosity of 20% found in high-grade coal, the components of the bio-coal charcoal that have been broken down into smaller molecules and solidified with the molten or liquid material can be sufficiently filled with the components of the bio-coal charcoal that have been broken down into smaller molecules and solidified with the molten or liquid material.

[0165] According to an embodiment of the present invention, when bituminous coal or non-bituminous coal is referred to as high-rank coal and peat, lignite, or sub-bituminous coal is referred to as low-rank coal, in the modified low-rank coal obtained by modifying low-rank coal, Low-rank coal was upgraded Subcritical Water Treatment The modified low-rank coal is formed of carbonized material, and has a porosity of 11% or less, preferably 5% or less, with some of the melted and liquefied low-rank coal solidifying within the voids and adhering to the remaining unmelted and unliquefied components. The modified low-rank coal has a calorific value per unit weight equivalent to the calorific value of 8,100 kcal / kg or more possessed by high-rank coal. According to the inventors' measurements, for example, Calorific value of raw low-rank coal Calorific value of improved low-rank coal Differential calorific value (1) Subbituminous coal 8,050kcal / kg→11,000kcal / kg 2,950kcal / kg Lignite: 7,000kcal / kg → 9,730kcal / kg 2,730 kcal / kg Peat: 6,500kcal / kg → 9,035kcal / kg 2,535 kcal / kg These results show that the calorific value of the improved low-rank coal is greater than that of the high-rank coal, being greater than 8,100 kcal / kg. Subcritical Water Treatment High-grade coal charcoal, i.e., modified high-grade coal, can be produced.

[0166] The calorific value of the upgraded low-rank coal compared to that of high-rank coal is as follows:

[0167] Calorific value of raw high-grade coal Calorific value of improved low-grade coal Difference in calorific value (2) (Comparison with subbituminous coal) 8,100kcal / kg → 11,000kcal / kg 2,900kcal / kg (Comparison with lignite) 8,100kcal / kg→9,730kcal / kg 1,630kcal / kg (Comparative peat) 8,100kcal / kg→9,035kcal / kg 935kcal / kg The differential calorific value (1) and the differential calorific value (2) are used when generating information on the reduction in the use of high-grade coal during utilization or information on the reduction in CO2 emissions during utilization.

[0168] Differential calorific value (1) and differential calorific value (2) Seki The data obtained will be used for evaluation of the introduction of the upgraded low-rank coal production equipment in Figure 12, or for evaluation of the introduction of upgraded low-rank coal and methane gas.

[0169] When modified low-rank coal is converted into methane gas, it maintains a calorific value of more than 8,100 kcal / kg, which is the same as high-rank coal. Subcritical Water Treatment By producing low-grade coal charcoal, it is possible to produce methane-based gas with a calorific value equal to or greater than that of energy obtained from high-grade coal, while suppressing CO2 emissions. For high-grade coal, the differential heating value was increased as described above. Subcritical Water TreatmentIt can be assumed that carbonized materials can be obtained. In other words, the differential calorific value (1) and differential calorific value (2) are 8,100 kcal / kg + 2,500 to 3,000 kcal / kg = 10,600 to 11,100 kcal / kg. It is expected that the calorific value will be 10,000 kcal / kg or more.

[0170] By similarly modifying high-grade coal, when the modified high-grade coal is converted into methane gas, a bio-high-grade coal charcoal is produced that retains the calorific value of more than 8,100 kcal / kg that high-grade coal possesses. This makes it possible to produce a methane-based gas with a calorific value equal to or greater than that of the energy obtained from high-grade coal while suppressing CO2 emissions.

[0171] It is possible to produce modified low-rank coal to be used as fuel for low-rank coal combustion equipment, which has energy equivalent to or greater than that obtained from high-rank coal that retains a calorific value of 8,100 kcal / kg or more per unit weight.When the modified low-rank coal is gasified, for example into methane gas, it is possible to produce an energy source, for example, gaseous fuel, which has energy equivalent to or greater than that obtained from high-rank coal that retains a calorific value of 8,100 kcal / kg or more per unit weight, while suppressing CO2 emissions.

[0172] FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a method for producing upgraded low-rank coal and a method for utilizing upgraded low-rank coal using an upgraded low-rank coal utilization system.

[0173] When bituminous coal or non-bituminous coal is referred to as high-grade coal and peat, lignite or sub-bituminous coal is referred to as low-grade coal, a method for producing modified low-grade coal using a modified low-grade coal production apparatus that modifies the low-grade coal used as the raw material for processing is proposed.

[0174] A subcritical water treatment apparatus, a micronization apparatus for micronizing the low-rank coal of the micronized treatment raw material, and the subcritical water treatment apparatus, Subcritical Water Treatment A discharge device is provided for discharging the carbide, The subcritical water treatment device has a temperature characteristic curve in which the relationship between temperature X and weight loss rate Y during hydrolysis treatment is expressed by a portion on the XY axis coordinate system where temperature X is 220°C or less, a shoulder of a gradual weight loss line, and a portion continuing from a portion of rapid weight loss.

[0175] Within the subcritical water treatment apparatus, a first temperature region of 220°C or less and a second temperature region for adjusting the temperature to 130°C or less are formed at the shoulder temperature of the temperature characteristic curve.

[0176] In the first stage temperature range of 220°C or less, voids are formed with a volume of 20% or more of the unit volume of the low-rank coal obtained by removing the moisture contained in the low-rank coal as the processing material.

[0177] The temperature set in the first stage temperature range of 220°C or less is 150 to 220°C.

[0178] A molten / liquefied component is formed from a portion of the low-grade coal, and in the second stage, the temperature is adjusted to 130°C or less, and the molten / liquefied component solidifies in the voids and adheres to the other components that do not melt or liquefy, filling the voids, and the calorific value per unit weight is maintained at 8,100 kcal / kg or more, which is the calorific value maintained by high-grade coal. Subcritical Water Treatment Carbide is produced.

[0179] The temperature set in the second temperature range adjusted to 130°C or less is 110 to 130°C.

[0180] The void ratio of the total volume is 11% or less, preferably 5% or less. Subcritical Water Treatment Carbide is produced.

[0181] A method for utilizing modified low-grade coal using a modified low-grade coal utilization system is proposed, which is composed of a modified low-grade coal manufacturing apparatus and a modified low-grade coal utilization apparatus that uses the modified low-grade coal produced in the modified low-grade coal manufacturing apparatus.

[0182] The equipment for utilizing the improved low-rank coal is Subcritical Water TreatmentThe gasification means is provided to convert the carbide into methane gas.

[0183] The porosity of the bio-coal carbonized material relative to the total volume is 11% or less, preferably 5% or less; The gasification furnace achieves a void ratio of 11% or less, preferably 5% or less, of the total volume. Subcritical Water Treatment The charcoal is gasified in the absence of oxidation.

[0184] The device for utilizing the upgraded low-rank coal includes an upgraded low-rank coal combustion device that uses the upgraded low-rank coal as fuel.

[0185] The upgraded low-rank coal combustion device burns upgraded low-rank coal with a void ratio of 11% or less, preferably 5% or less, to the total volume, and recovers the calorific value, that is, the energy for generating heat.

[0186] FIG. 12 shows the results of methane extraction measurements.

[0187] Figure 12(a) shows the results of the precipitation generated from low-rank coal peat (moisture content 26%). Subcritical Water Treatment Figure 12(b) shows the results of an experiment using charcoal as the processing raw material. Subcritical Water Treatment The results of one experiment using charcoal as the processing raw material are shown below. The experimental equipment used was a reactor (subcritical water reactor) equipped with a heater as the reaction device and a CH4 measuring device. In an oxygen-free state, the set temperature, reactor temperature, heater temperature, and CH4 measurement values ​​were measured over time.

[0188] The measurement lines showing CH4 measurements were generated at each measurement point. Subcritical Water Treatment Carbide was used as the processing material. For example, in Figure 12(a), when the set temperature was 405°C, Subcritical Water Treatment Charcoal was used as the processing material and CH4 measurement value of 23.2% was obtained. At the set temperature of 450°C, Subcritical Water TreatmentCharcoal was used as the processing feedstock and a CH4 measurement of 80.1% was obtained. The measurement line connects these measurement points.

[0189] Regarding the measurement results, the treatment temperature was 350 to 600°C, and the treatment time was 30 to 120 minutes, preferably 30 to 60 minutes. Subcritical Water Treatment When charcoal was used as the processing raw material, a methane concentration of 80.1% was recovered at a set temperature of 405°C. Subcritical Water Treatment When charcoal was used as the processing raw material, methane with a concentration of 62.8% was recovered at 405°C.

[0190] High-concentration methane could be produced in the range of 400 to 450°C or in the range of 350 to 450°C. Therefore, by setting the treatment temperature in the range of 350 to 450°C and continuing the treatment at a temperature of 350 to 450°C for a predetermined treatment time of 15 to 30 minutes, methane with a concentration of 30% or more could be produced.

[0191] Figure 12(a) and (b) also show that low-rank coal can produce higher concentrations of methane than high-rank coal. This is because low-rank coal is softer and has a higher porosity than high-rank coal.

[0192] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an operation system utilizing upgraded low-rank coal.

[0193] Figure 13 shows an operational system 200 utilizing modified low-grade coal, which is configured by connecting via a network a terminal that acquires modified low-grade coal production information and / or reduced CO2 emissions information related to a low-grade coal modification production device, a terminal that acquires modified low-grade coal utilization information and / or reduced CO2 emissions information related to a modified low-grade coal utilization device, and an administrator terminal that handles information related to the system.

[0194] An operation contract is concluded in advance between the manufacturer / seller 66A, the user 67A, and the manager 68A when operating the operation system 200 that utilizes the upgraded low-rank coal.

[0195] 13, a network 65 is formed by connecting a manufacturer / seller terminal 66, a user terminal 67, and an administrator terminal 68 via communication means. By forming the network 65, an operation system 200 that utilizes upgraded low-rank coal is configured.

[0196] The administrator terminal 68 is a terminal handled by the operator (administrator) of the modified low-grade coal production and utilization system, and holds digitized low-grade coal information, digitized high-grade coal information, and digitized information regarding the modified low-grade coal production equipment including the subcritical water treatment device, and acquires digitized information regarding the production of modified low-grade coal and digitized information regarding the use of low-grade coal.

[0197] The manufacturer / seller terminal 66 is a terminal used by a business involved in upgrading low-rank coal to produce and sell the upgraded low-rank coal, and acquires information on the production of the upgraded low-rank coal that has been converted into data from the administrator terminal, and acquires information on the production of the upgraded low-rank coal obtained by the manufacturer / seller operating the upgraded low-rank coal production equipment to produce the upgraded low-rank coal. The manufacturer / seller 66A purchases and owns the upgraded low-rank coal production equipment.

[0198] The user terminal 67 is a terminal handled by a user who utilizes the improved low-rank coal, and holds digitized low-rank coal information and high-rank coal information on the user terminal, and obtains digitized information on the use of low-rank coal from the administrator terminal, or obtains information on the production of improved low-rank coal from the manufacturer / distributor terminal. The user terminal 67A owns a utilization facility that utilizes the improved low-rank coal.

[0199] When the manager terminal 68 produces modified low-grade coal having a calorific value of 8,100 kcal / kg or more using modified low-grade coal production equipment including a subcritical water treatment device, it generates high-grade coal usage reduction information during trial use using the modified low-grade coal production equipment, or CO2 emission reduction information during trial use using the modified low-grade coal production equipment and a gasification equipment that gasifies the modified low-grade coal, and provides the high-grade coal usage reduction information during trial use or the CO2 emission reduction information to the user terminal, or to the user terminal and the manufacturer / distributor terminal.

[0200] When the user terminal 67 uses modified low-grade coal with a calorific value of 8,100 kcal / kg or more at a modified low-grade coal utilization facility owned by the user, it acquires high-grade coal usage reduction information during trial use by the modified low-grade coal manufacturing device, or high-grade coal usage reduction information or CO2 emission reduction information during trial use by a gasification device that gasifies the modified low-grade coal, and generates high-grade coal usage reduction information or CO2 emission reduction information during use at the modified low-grade coal utilization facility.

[0201] When the manufacturer / distributor terminal 66 produces modified low-grade coal with a calorific value of 8,100 kcal / kg or more using modified low-grade coal production equipment including a subcritical water treatment device owned by the manufacturer / distributor, it acquires high-grade coal usage reduction information during trial use by the modified low-grade coal production equipment, or CO2 emission reduction information during trial use by a gasification equipment that gasifies the modified low-grade coal, and generates high-grade coal usage reduction information during production or CO2 emission reduction information during production by the modified low-grade coal production equipment including the subcritical water treatment device.

[0202] The user terminal 68 may also have the function of a user of the upgraded low-rank coal manufacturing equipment. In this case, the upgraded low-rank coal is manufactured in-house and used in-house.

[0203] The manager 68A may also have the functions of the manufacturer / seller 66A, or may be a trader who operates a trading company. In the case of a trader who operates a trading company, the trading company will obtain information about the production of the improved low-rank coal manufacturing equipment from the manufacturer / seller 66A.

[0204] The administrator 68A generates information regarding the modified low-grade coal manufacturing equipment 1 (or information regarding the modified low-grade coal manufacturing and utilization system 100; the same applies below) and transmits it to the manufacturer / seller 66A and the user 67A via the manufacturer / seller terminal 66 and the user terminal 67, respectively, to effectively operate the operation system 200 that utilizes modified low-grade coal, thereby systematically generating information on the manufacturing of modified low-grade coal and utilization of modified low-grade coal, and generating CO2 emission reduction information at the administrator terminal, and providing it to the user 67A or the manufacturer / seller 66A, or both.

[0205] FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the internal configuration of the manufacturer / distributor terminal, the user terminal, and the administrator terminal.

[0206] The manufacturer / seller terminal 66, the user terminal 67 and the administrator terminal 68 each include a database 71, 81, 91, an input / output means 72, 82, 92, an arithmetic processing means 73, 83, 93 and a screen display means 74, 84, 94.

[0207] Information relating to the upgraded low-rank coal manufacturing apparatus 1 is stored in the database 71 of the manufacturer / seller terminal 66 .

[0208] In the database 81 of the user terminal 67, ·High-grade coal usage information High-grade coal price information Current CO2 emissions information The CO2 emissions status information is stored for each facility.

[0209] In the database 91 of the administrator terminal 68, ·Low-grade coal information -Production information obtained from the production of improved low-rank coal CO2 emission information obtained through the use of improved low-rank coal is stored.

[0210] Information required for each calculation process is input to the input / output means of the manufacturer / seller terminal 66, the user terminal 67, and the administrator terminal 68, and the calculated result information is output to the inside and outside of each terminal.

[0211] Information about the upgraded low-rank coal manufacturing apparatus is provided to the manufacturer / seller terminal 66 from the manager terminal 68, and is used to determine whether or not to introduce the upgraded low-rank coal manufacturing apparatus 1.

[0212] The input / output means of the manager terminal 68 further includes: -Information on manufacturers, distributors, and users is stored.

[0213] The processing means 73 of the manufacturer / distributor terminal 66 ·Production information for improved low-rank coal Methane production information (including gas information on various gases produced from methane) · Sales price information for improved low-rank coal and methane is generated using the input information and stored data information and obtained as processing information.

[0214] The calculation processing means 93 of the manager terminal 68 performs calculation processing using the input information and the stored data information, -Information on reduction of high-grade coal use during trial use - CO2 emission reduction information during trial use is generated and acquired as processed information. The base-based and stored information includes any low-grade coal information and high-grade coal information, high-grade coal information sent from the user terminal, and the calculation processing results sent from the user terminal.

[0215] Here, "during trial use" refers to generating the above-mentioned information based on data information stored in the administrator terminal 68. It refers to generating the above-mentioned information based on digitized information.

[0216] The results of these calculations are acquired by the user terminal 67 via the input / output means 82 of the user terminal 67, and are used by the manufacturer / seller 66A to make a purchase decision on the upgraded low-rank coal. In addition, sales price information on the upgraded low-rank coal provided by the manufacturer / seller terminal 66A is used to make a purchase decision on the upgraded low-rank coal.

[0217] The calculation processing means 83 of the utilization agent terminal 67 performs calculation processing using the input information and stored data information, and calculates the following for each utilization facility: Information on reducing the use of high-grade coal ·CO2 emission reduction information is generated and acquired as processing information. The high-grade coal usage reduction information is used when the high-grade coal information stored in the user terminal 67 is used, and this processing information is sent to the administrator terminal 68 and converted into data. The high-grade coal usage reduction information, the sales price information of the improved low-grade coal, and the converted high-grade coal price information are used to acquire reduction amount information.

[0218] Each piece of processing information is displayed on each drawing display means.

[0219] FIG. 15 is a diagram showing information provided by the manufacturer / seller terminal, the utilization company terminal, and the administrator terminal, and the exchange of this information.

[0220] In FIG. 15, the manufacturer / distributor terminal 66 is Information on the production and use of modified low-rank coal Methane production information · Sales price information for improved low-rank coal is provided to the utilization company terminal 67 and the administrator terminal 68 in accordance with the contract.

[0221] The administrator terminal 68 is Information about the improved low-grade coal production equipment is provided to the manufacturer / distributor terminal 66 in accordance with the contract. -Information on reduction of high-grade coal use during trial use · Information on reducing CO2 emissions during trial use is provided to the user terminal 67 and the manufacturer / distributor terminal 66 in accordance with the contract.

[0222] The user terminal 67 is an operation system that uses modified low-grade coal. Information on reducing the use of high-grade coal ·CO2 emission reduction information is provided to the administrator terminal 68 in accordance with the contract.

[0223] The information provided by the manager 68A is effective in effectively implementing an operation system that uses the modified low-rank coal, and is also effective in promoting and selling the modified low-rank coal manufacturing equipment to the manufacturer / distributor 66A.

[0224] The information provided by the manufacturer / seller 66A is useful for effectively implementing an operational system that utilizes the upgraded low-rank coal, and is also useful for promoting and selling the upgraded low-rank coal or methane to the user 67A.

[0225] The information provided by the user 67A is effective in effectively running the operational system that uses the modified low-rank coal, and is effective in providing feedback to the administrator 68A to improve the quality and quantity of production information obtained in the modified low-rank coal production stored in the administrator terminal 68.

[0226] According to this embodiment, The administrator terminal has calculation information used to calculate the amount of reduction in high-grade coal use that corresponds to the reduction in high-grade coal use, based on manufacturer / distributor information related to the manufacturer / distributor terminal and user information related to the user terminal, data calorific value information of coal that has been converted into data on coal including high-grade coal with a high calorific value and low-grade coal with a low calorific value, and information on high calorific values ​​of modified coal that are 8,100 kcal / kg or more, It has a calculation function that calculates the amount of coal use reduction from the data calorific value information and the calorific value information of the improved coal, and generates CO2 emission reduction information from the amount of coal use reduction, During the trial, calorific value information of the modified coal obtained by operating the modified coal production apparatus including the subcritical water treatment device is obtained; calculating the amount of reduction in high-grade coal use corresponding to the reduction in high-grade coal use from the coal data calorific value information and the high calorific value information of 8,100 kcal / kg or more among the high calorific values ​​of the modified coal obtained by operating the modified coal manufacturing equipment including the subcritical water treatment device, and obtaining the amount of reduction in high-grade coal use corresponding to the reduction in high-grade coal use during the trial period; generating CO2 emission reduction information during the trial period from the amount of reduction in high-grade coal use corresponding to the reduction in high-grade coal use during the trial period and providing this information to the user terminal or the manufacturer / distributor terminal; The manufacturer / distributor terminal has calculation information used to calculate the amount of reduction in high-grade coal use that corresponds to the reduction in high-grade coal use, based on data on the calorific value of coal, including high-grade coal with a high calorific value and low-grade coal with a low calorific value, and information on the high calorific value of upgraded coal, which is 8,100 kcal / kg or more; It has a calculation function that calculates the amount of coal use reduction from the data calorific value information of coal and the calorific value information of improved coal, and generates CO2 emission reduction information from the amount of coal use reduction, During the production of the modified coal, calorific value information of the modified coal is obtained by operating a modified coal production apparatus including a subcritical water treatment device; From the data calorific value information and the high calorific value information of 8,100 kcal / kg or more of the high calorific values ​​of the modified coal obtained by operating the modified coal manufacturing equipment including the subcritical water treatment device, calculate the corresponding amount of reduction in high-grade coal use corresponding to the reduction in high-grade coal use, obtain the corresponding amount of reduction in high-grade coal use during production, generate CO2 emission reduction information during production from the corresponding amount of reduction in high-grade coal use during production, and provide it to the user terminal; The user terminal has calculation information used to calculate the amount of reduction in high-grade coal use corresponding to the reduction in high-grade coal use from data calorific value information of coal including high-grade coal with a high calorific value and low-grade coal with a low calorific value, and high calorific value information of 8,100 kcal / kg or more among the high calorific values ​​of improved coal, It has a calculation function that calculates the amount of coal use reduction from the data calorific value information of coal and the calorific value information of improved coal, and generates CO2 emission reduction information from the amount of coal use reduction, When the modified coal is gasified, calorific value information of the modified coal is obtained by operating the modified coal production apparatus including the subcritical water treatment device; An operational system that uses modified coal is configured to calculate the amount of reduction in high-grade coal use that corresponds to the reduction in high-grade coal use from the data calorific value information and the high calorific value information of 8,100 kcal / kg or more of the high calorific values ​​of modified coal obtained by operating the modified coal manufacturing equipment including the subcritical water treatment device, obtain the amount of reduction in high-grade coal use at the time of gas production, and generate CO2 emission reduction information at the time of gas production from the amount of reduction in high-grade coal use at the time of gas production.

[0227] If the administrator terminal and the manufacturer / distributor terminal are one terminal, The manufacturer / distributor terminal has calculation information used to calculate the amount of reduction in high-grade coal use that corresponds to the reduction in high-grade coal use, based on data on the calorific value of coal, including high-grade coal with a high calorific value and low-grade coal with a low calorific value, and information on the high calorific value of upgraded coal, which is 8,100 kcal / kg or more; It has a calculation function that calculates the amount of coal use reduction from the data calorific value information and the calorific value information of the improved coal, and generates CO2 emission reduction information from the amount of coal use reduction, During the trial, calorific value information of the modified coal obtained by operating the modified coal production apparatus including the subcritical water treatment device is obtained; From the coal data calorific value information and the high calorific value information of 8,100 kcal / kg or more of the high calorific values ​​of the upgraded coal obtained by operating the upgraded coal manufacturing equipment including the subcritical water treatment device, calculate the corresponding high-grade coal usage reduction amount corresponding to the reduction in high-grade coal usage to obtain the corresponding high-grade coal usage reduction amount during the trial, and generate CO2 emission reduction information during the trial from the corresponding high-grade coal usage reduction amount during the trial, During the production of the modified coal, calorific value information of the modified coal is obtained by operating a modified coal production apparatus including a subcritical water treatment device; The amount of reduction in the use of high-grade coal during production is acquired, and information on the reduction in CO2 emissions during production is generated from the amount of reduction in the use of high-grade coal during production, and provided to the user terminal; The user terminal has calculation information used to calculate the amount of reduction in high-grade coal use corresponding to the reduction in high-grade coal use from data calorific value information of coal including high-grade coal with a high calorific value and low-grade coal with a low calorific value, and high calorific value information of 8,100 kcal / kg or more among the high calorific values ​​of improved coal, It has a calculation function that calculates the amount of coal use reduction from the data calorific value information and the calorific value information of the improved coal, and generates CO2 emission reduction information from the amount of coal use reduction, When the modified coal is gasified, calorific value information of the modified coal is obtained by operating the modified coal production apparatus including the subcritical water treatment device; An operational system that uses modified coal is configured to calculate the amount of reduction in high-grade coal use that corresponds to the reduction in high-grade coal use from the data calorific value information and the high calorific value information of 8,100 kcal / kg or more of the high calorific values ​​of modified coal obtained by operating the modified coal manufacturing equipment including the subcritical water treatment device, obtain the amount of reduction in high-grade coal use at the time of gas production, and generate CO2 emission reduction information at the time of gas production from the amount of reduction in high-grade coal use at the time of gas production.

[0228] If the administrator terminal, the manufacturer / distributor terminal, and the utilization terminal are one terminal, The user terminal has calculation information used to calculate the amount of reduction in high-grade coal use corresponding to the reduction in high-grade coal use from data calorific value information of coal including high-grade coal with a high calorific value and low-grade coal with a low calorific value, and high calorific value information of 8,100 kcal / kg or more among the high calorific values ​​of improved coal, It has a calculation function that calculates the amount of coal use reduction from the data calorific value information and the calorific value information of the improved coal, and generates CO2 emission reduction information from the amount of coal use reduction, During the trial, calorific value information of the modified coal obtained by operating the modified coal production apparatus including the subcritical water treatment device is obtained; From the coal data calorific value information and the high calorific value information of 8,100 kcal / kg or more of the high calorific values ​​of the upgraded coal obtained by operating the upgraded coal manufacturing equipment including the subcritical water treatment device, calculate the corresponding high-grade coal usage reduction amount corresponding to the reduction in high-grade coal usage to obtain the corresponding high-grade coal usage reduction amount during the trial, and generate CO2 emission reduction information during the trial from the corresponding high-grade coal usage reduction amount during the trial, During the production of the modified coal, calorific value information of the modified coal is obtained by operating a modified coal production apparatus including a subcritical water treatment device; The amount of reduction in the use of high-grade coal during production is acquired, and information on the reduction in CO2 emissions during production is generated from the amount of reduction in the use of high-grade coal during production. When the modified coal is gasified, calorific value information of the modified coal is obtained by operating the modified coal production apparatus including the subcritical water treatment device; An operation system using modified coal is configured to obtain the amount of reduction in the use of corresponding high-grade coal when gas is produced, and generate information on CO2 emission reductions when gas is produced from the amount of reduction in the use of corresponding high-grade coal when gas is produced. [Explanation of symbols]

[0229] 100... Modified low-rank coal production and utilization system, 200... Operation system utilizing modified low-rank coal, 1... Modified low-rank coal production apparatus, 2... Modified low-rank coal utilization apparatus, 3... Conveyance means, 11... Subcritical water treatment apparatus, 12... Low-rank coal, 13... Low-rank coal refinement apparatus, 14... High-temperature, high-pressure steam generator, 15... Carry-out means, 16... Subcritical Water TreatmentCarbonized material, 17... modified low-grade coal, 20... fuel self-sufficient methane gas production device, 21... gasification means, 22... activated carbon recovery means, 23... superheated steam generation means, 24... generated gas discharge means, 25... gas cooling means, 26... dust separation means, 27... bag filter, 28... gas holder, 31... gasification furnace, 32... burner, 33... internal piping connected to burner 32, 34... superheated steam pipe, 35... modified low-grade coal input device, 36...gas outlet section, 37...activated carbon outlet section, 96...generator, 97...gas engine, 98...power generation equipment 65...network 65, 66...manufacturer / distributor terminal, 67...user terminal, 68...administrator terminal, 66A...manufacturer / distributor, 67A...user, 68A...administrator, 71, 81, 91...database, 72, 82, 92...input / output means, 73, 83, 93...arithmetic processing means, 74, 84, 94...screen display means.

Claims

1. In improved coal, which is made by improving low-rank coal, The apparatus uses a subcritical water treatment device that includes a pressure vessel having an inlet for low-rank coal as a processing raw material and an outlet for upgraded low-rank coal, a heat source that supplies high-temperature, high-pressure steam to the pressure vessel, and a control device that controls the processing temperature inside the pressure vessel, and the processing temperature can be set to a first-stage processing temperature and a second-stage processing temperature, In the first stage of subcritical water treatment, a treatment temperature of 150 to 220°C is maintained, and low-rank coal components including molten and liquefied components and low-rank coal components including non-molten and liquefied components are produced. Water is evaporated from the low-rank coal used as the treatment material, and low-rank coal components including molten and liquefied components from which water has evaporated and low-rank coal components including non-molten and liquefied components from which water has evaporated (hereinafter, the low-rank coal components are referred to as low-rank coal components including molten and liquefied components and low-rank coal components not including molten and liquefied components, respectively). The coal is produced by improving low-rank coal and has a calorific value of 8,100 kcal / kg or more, which is the calorific value of high-rank coal. The molten and liquefied components of the low-rank coal, which contain molten and liquefied components, are embedded in voids formed by the evaporation of water in the low-rank coal, which does not contain molten and liquefied components. The second stage involves maintaining a processing temperature of 110 to 130°C, and the molten and liquefied components are fixed in the voids, producing a subcritical water-treated charcoal with a void ratio of 9% or less of the total volume.

2. In improved coal, which is made by improving low-rank coal, The apparatus uses a subcritical water treatment device that includes a pressure vessel having an inlet for low-rank coal as a processing raw material and an outlet for upgraded low-rank coal, a heat source that supplies high-temperature, high-pressure steam to the pressure vessel, and a control device that controls the processing temperature inside the pressure vessel, and the processing temperature can be set to a first-stage processing temperature and a second-stage processing temperature, The apparatus uses a subcritical water treatment device that includes a pressure vessel having an inlet for low-rank coal as a processing raw material and an outlet for upgraded low-rank coal, a heat source that supplies high-temperature, high-pressure steam to the pressure vessel, and a control device that controls the processing temperature inside the pressure vessel, and the processing temperature can be set to a first-stage processing temperature and a second-stage processing temperature, In the first stage of subcritical water treatment, a treatment temperature of 150 to 220°C is maintained, and low-rank coal components including molten and liquefied components and low-rank coal components including non-molten and liquefied components are produced. Water is evaporated from the low-rank coal used as the treatment material, and low-rank coal components including molten and liquefied components from which water has evaporated and low-rank coal components including non-molten and liquefied components from which water has evaporated (hereinafter, the low-rank coal components are referred to as low-rank coal components including molten and liquefied components and low-rank coal components not including molten and liquefied components, respectively). The melted and liquefied components of the low-rank coal are embedded in voids formed by the evaporation of water in the low-rank coal that does not contain the melted and liquefied components, and a treatment temperature of 110 to 130°C is maintained as the second stage, so that the melted and liquefied components are fixed in the voids, and a subcritical water-treated charcoal with a void ratio of 5% or less of the total volume is produced, thereby producing a subcritical water-treated charcoal that retains a calorific value of 8,100 kcal / kg or more, which is the calorific value of high-rank coal.

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