Ventilation and drainage channel forming board

Abstract

To provide a ventilation and drainage channel forming board that improves waterproofing and drainage properties originally required in a ventilation layer construction method by making the protrusions for forming the ventilation layer in a shape suitable for waterproofing, in the ventilation and drainage channel forming board used in the ventilation layer construction method.SOLUTION: There is provided a ventilation and drainage channel forming board, which is the ventilation and drainage channel forming board 3 made of board-like synthetic resin foam provided on the outside of a structural face material 2 of a building wall, whose back side board 3B facing the structural face material of the board is provided with a plurality of columnar projections 10 of 3 to 30 mm in height, the upper side face 10A of the columnar projections is formed inverse tapered and the lower side face 10B is formed tapered.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 6

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an air duct and drainage channel forming board used in the air layer construction method applied to the exterior walls of buildings, and in particular to an air duct and drainage channel forming board that can be suitably used when finishing exterior wall surfaces using wet construction methods such as mortar application. [Background technology]

[0002] There is a common exterior wall construction method for wooden houses called the ventilation layer method. This ventilation layer method creates an unsealed air layer (ventilation layer) on the back side (indoor side) of the exterior wall material, part of which is connected to the outside air. The air in this ventilation layer circulates with the outside air, ventilating the inside of the wall, allowing moisture to pass through from inside the room and allowing moisture that has seeped in through gaps in the exterior material to be expelled to the outside, drying the inside of the wall and providing moisture prevention performance that prevents condensation damage to the wall. Furthermore, due to its structure, the ventilation layer method automatically becomes an equal pressure method, which is the basic principle of waterproofing methods, so it has excellent waterproofing performance.In addition, even if gaps appear in the exterior materials and water leaks into the interior, the leaking water that has penetrated into the ventilation layer will generally pass through the ventilation layer and fall down due to gravity, so it also has drainage performance.

[0003] On the other hand, there is an external insulation method for buildings, in which insulation material is installed on the exterior side of the building frame and structural materials. Generally, this is called an external insulation method when the building structure has a large heat capacity, such as reinforced concrete, and when it is applied to a wooden or steel frame structure, it is also called an external insulation method. In both cases, the exterior body and structural materials are completely covered with insulation material from the exterior side, reducing insulation loss and providing high insulation performance, while also protecting the structural materials from temperature fluctuations outside. This external insulation method has become popular in recent years from the perspective of improving the durability of structures.

[0004] Additionally, exterior construction methods for relatively small, low-rise buildings, such as detached houses, can be broadly divided into wet construction methods, which involve the application of wet materials such as mortar mixed with water on-site, and dry construction methods, which do not use wet materials and instead attach siding or other materials to the framework to finish the work. Wet construction methods require a lot of on-site work, such as mixing and applying plastering materials, and the finished product depends on the skill level of the worker. As a result, wet construction methods tend to be less easy to work with than dry construction methods, which simply require installing dry materials (factory-produced products) on-site, resulting in less variation in the finished product, and it is also difficult to ensure quality. However, siding and other materials used as finishing materials in dry construction methods are difficult to go beyond the realm of imitation designs that merely imitate the designs of exterior finishes such as stone, tile, and plaster walls created using wet construction methods, and because they are factory-produced products there is little variation in design, so wet construction methods still have a strong following.

[0005] In recent years, a construction method that combines the above-mentioned ventilation layer construction method, which has excellent moisture-proofing, waterproofing, and drainage properties of the wall, with an external insulation construction method, which has excellent improvements in the insulation and durability of the building, has been rapidly adopted not only for wooden houses but also for reinforced concrete structures. Various construction methods have been adopted that combine this ventilation layer construction method with external insulation construction method, and various components for forming ventilation layers suitable for these construction methods have also been created (for example, Patent Documents 1 to 3).

[0006] The product disclosed in Patent Document 1 is an insulating wall for external insulation of wooden buildings, in which honeycomb-shaped ventilation grooves are provided on the outer surface of the insulating panel, and multiple base bars are embedded at intervals on the outer surface, with the outer surfaces of the base bars being approximately flush with the outer surface of the insulating panel to serve as the mounting surface for the finishing material. The insulated wall structure of this building allows the insulated wall itself to form an air layer, preventing condensation. It also allows the insulating panels to be used directly as a base for dry finishing materials such as siding, eliminating the need for conventional furring strips and simplifying the structure by reducing the number of parts.

[0007] Furthermore, Patent Document 2 discloses an external insulation panel with ventilation grooves, which has vertical ventilation grooves along the vertical direction on the outdoor surface of a synthetic resin foam plate-shaped insulation material, and diagonal ventilation grooves that intersect with these vertical ventilation grooves, and has an exterior material or exterior base material provided on the outdoor side of the insulation material. With this external insulation panel, the insulation panel itself can also form a ventilation layer, and the ventilation layer that is formed is a combination of vertical ventilation grooves and diagonal ventilation grooves, so that even if the top opening of the panel is blocked by an opening or the like, moisture and the like can be discharged from the diagonal ventilation grooves through the vertical ventilation grooves.

[0008] Furthermore, Patent Document 3 discloses an insulating component that provides insulating properties and is attached to the outside of the structural surface material of a building wall.The component is made of a plate-shaped foamed resin, and the front side of the main plate portion is made almost flat, and a spacer protrusion is provided on the back side facing the structural surface material. With this insulation board, the spacer protrusions allow the main board of the insulation board to be attached in a raised state to the structural surface material, ensuring a ventilation space between them and preventing condensation, etc. Furthermore, the spacer protrusions themselves are integrated with the main board of the insulation board, allowing for the same attachment work as before, without increasing the number of steps, and thus enabling the construction of a ventilation layer method. Furthermore, because the front side of the insulation board is formed in an almost flat plate shape, it can be used as a decorative top and bottom finish using wet construction methods such as mortar application. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0009] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-169892 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2009-263958 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2011-163023 DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0010] However, the members forming the breathable layer described in the background art above still have the following problems.

[0011] The techniques disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 3 all simply integrate a ventilation layer by forming grooves or protrusions on the surface of the insulation board to simplify the construction of the ventilation layer. However, insulation boards made of synthetic resin foam have low compressive strength, and if the grooves for forming the ventilation layer are wide and deep, or the protrusions are tall and small, the insulation board is easily deformed by external forces. Therefore, it is generally not possible to make the grooves for forming the ventilation layer extremely wide or the protrusions extremely small, and the path of the formed ventilation layer is narrow and complex. Therefore, the techniques disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 3 were originally unable to form a ventilation layer that could provide sufficient exhaust and drainage functions.

[0012] In addition, the techniques disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 3 had a high risk of rainwater or other water seeping into the ventilation layer through the joints of the exterior panels, running along the grooves or protrusions that form the ventilation layer and into the building frame. This was an extremely important issue, as it deviated from the fundamental principle of waterproofing methods, which is to prevent water leakage into the interior and protect the structure from water.

[0013] Furthermore, in the technologies of Patent Documents 1 and 2, the grooves described above are provided on the exterior surface of the insulating board to form a ventilation layer, and therefore the board surface cannot be used as it is as a decorative finish upper and lower base when finishing the exterior wall surface using a wet construction method such as applying mortar, and separate work such as attaching decorative finish upper and lower base materials to the exterior side of the insulating board is required.

[0014] The present invention has been made in consideration of the problems inherent in the background art described above, and its object is to provide an airway / drainage channel forming board used in the airway layer construction method, which has improved waterproofing and drainage properties inherently required in the airway layer construction method by making the protrusions for forming the airway layer into a shape suitable for waterproofing. In addition, it is an object of the present invention to provide an airway / drainage channel forming board that can be suitably used as a decorative finish top and bottom when finishing an exterior wall surface using a wet construction method such as mortar application. [Means for solving the problem]

[0015] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following [1] to [ 4 ], and the board was used as a ventilation and drainage channel formation board. [1] A ventilation and drainage channel forming board made of a plate-shaped synthetic resin foam that is installed on the outside of the structural surface material of a building wall, and has a plurality of columnar protrusions with a height of 3 to 30 mm on the back surface of the board that faces the structural surface material. hand and the columnar projections The front shape is a diamond shape, and the corners of the diamond shape are arranged so that they are at the top and bottom, and the entire area of ​​the side surfaces of the upper two sides of the diamond-shaped columnar protrusions protrudes outward toward the tip side. It is formed in a reverse tapered shape, The entire side of the two lower sides protrudes outwards towards the base. It is formed in a tapered shape The board has marks on the front surface to indicate the top and bottom. A ventilation and drainage channel forming board characterized by the above. [2] The diamond-shaped columnar protrusions are made up of a variety of different shapes, large and small. The air passage and drainage passage forming board according to [1] above, characterized in that: [3] The area ratio of the diamond-shaped columnar protrusions to the back surface of the board is 10 to 25%. The air passage and drainage passage forming board according to [1] or [2] above, characterized in that: [4] An air and drainage channel forming board according to any one of [1] to [3] above, characterized in that a barbed protrusion having a height of 0.5 to 2 mm is formed on the front surface of the board. [Effects of the Invention]

[0016] According to the above-mentioned ventilation and drainage channel forming board of the present invention, the upper side of the columnar protrusion is formed in an inverted tapered shape, and the lower side is formed in a tapered shape. Therefore, water flowing down the ventilation layer formed between the columnar protrusion and the structural surface material is collected at the base of the columnar protrusion and flows down and drained efficiently without wetting the structural surface material side (indoor side), thereby improving the waterproofing and drainage properties that are originally required in ventilation layer construction methods. Furthermore, when barbed protrusions of 0.5 to 2 mm in height are provided on the front panel surface, it can be suitably used as a decorative top and bottom finish when finishing the exterior wall surface using a wet construction method such as applying mortar. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0017] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a wall constructed using the ventilation and drainage channel forming board according to the present invention. [Figure 2] 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the back panel surface of an air passage and drainage passage forming board according to the present invention. FIG. [Figure 3] 3A and 3B are enlarged views showing the columnar protrusions at part A shown in FIG. 2, where (a) is a view showing the front shape and (b) is a view showing the side shape. [Figure 4] 1 is a diagram showing one embodiment of the front plate surface of an air passage and drainage passage forming board according to the present invention. FIG. [Figure 5] 5A and 5B are enlarged views showing the protrusion at part B shown in FIG. 4, where (a) is a view showing the front shape and (b) is a view showing the side shape. [Figure 6] 1 is a conceptual perspective view showing a ventilation layer of a wall surface constructed by applying an air passage and drainage passage forming board according to the present invention. FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0018] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the air passage / drainage passage forming board according to the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings.

[0019] Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a building wall structure. The illustrated wall W has structural framework 1, such as studs, which form the building's framework, and structural surface material 2 attached to the outside of the framework. Air passage / drainage channel board 3 according to the present invention is attached to the outside of the structural framework. The air passage / drainage channel board 3 itself is given a decorative finish 4 as an exterior wall surface. On the indoor side of the wall W, a lining board 5, such as gypsum board, is attached, and on the indoor side, interior wallpaper 6 or the like is attached, giving it an interior decorative finish.

[0020] The structural surface material 2 is, for example, wood structural plywood or glass fiber-reinforced synthetic resin board, which itself has a certain degree of structural strength. The decorative finish 4 is formed using a wet construction method such as mortar application. Specifically, as shown enlarged in Figure 1, a glass fiber-reinforced base coat 7 is first applied to the front surface of the ventilation and drainage channel board 3. For example, this can be achieved by first applying a base coat material 7a to the ventilation and drainage channel board 3, then attaching a core material 7b made of glass fiber mesh, and then applying the same base coat material 7a on top of that. Next, a top coat 8 with an appropriate decorative effect is applied to the base coat 7 by spraying or painting.

[0021] The structure of the wall W described above is merely one example, and it is preferable to use a structure in which insulating material such as glass wool or foamed synthetic resin boards is filled between the structural aggregates 1 such as the partition walls, or to use a structure in which a waterproof sheet and / or insulating board is further interposed between the structural surface material 2 and the ventilation and drainage channel forming board 3 of the present invention, as this will result in a wall W with even better insulating and waterproof properties.

[0022] Next, the air vent / drainage channel forming board 3 according to the present invention will be described in detail. The air vent / drainage channel forming board 3 is made of a plate-shaped synthetic resin foam. Examples of foamed synthetic resins include styrene resin foam, styrene-based resin foam such as ethylene-styrene copolymer resin foam, polyolefin-based resin foam such as polyethylene or polypropylene, rigid polyurethane foam, phenol-based resin foam, and styrene-modified polyolefin-based resin foam. Among these, styrene-based resin foam, and more preferably styrene resin foam, are preferred from the standpoints of economy and heat insulation.

[0023] The synthetic resin foam is one in which synthetic resin particles are expanded to an expansion ratio of 20 to 150 times, preferably 25 to 125 times, and has a density of 0.0067 to 0.05 g / cm 3 , preferably 0.008 to 0.040 g / cm 3 The thermal conductivity of foamed synthetic resin boards is 0.060 W / m·k or less, preferably 0.020 to 0.050 W / m·k. The thermal conductivity of foamed synthetic resin boards is 0.060 W / m·k or less, preferably 0.020 to 0.050 W / m·k.

[0024] As described above, the air passage / drainage channel forming board 3 is generally plate-shaped, and a plurality of 3-30 mm high columnar projections 10 are provided on the back panel surface 3B facing the structural face material. The presence of these 3-30 mm high columnar projections 10 forms an air passage layer X, i.e., an air passage / drainage channel, between the structural face material 2 (see Figures 1 and 6).

[0025] The columnar protrusions 10 may have a variety of front shapes, such as a circle, ellipse, square, diamond, or triangle, but are preferably diamond-shaped in front view, with the corners of the diamond oriented at the top and bottom, as shown in Figure 2. Such columnar protrusions are preferred because they allow water to flow easily.

[0026] As shown in Fig. 3, the upper side surface 10A of the columnar projection 10 is formed in an inverse tapered shape, projecting outward toward the tip, and the lower side surface 10B is formed in a tapered shape, projecting outward toward the base. By forming the columnar projections with such a side surface shape, water flowing down the columnar projections is collected at the base side of the columnar projections and efficiently flows down and is drained without wetting the structural surface material side (indoor side). The taper angle α is preferably 5 to 20 degrees, and more preferably 7 to 15 degrees.

[0027] The columnar projections 10 preferably consist of a plurality of different sized and irregularly shaped projections. By using a plurality of different sized and irregularly shaped projections, the columnar projections can be evenly distributed across the board surface, reducing deformation due to fastening with screws or the like. In the example shown in FIG. 2, three types of columnar projections 10, each with a diamond-shaped front view and different sizes, are arranged with the corners of the diamonds facing up and down. The area ratio of the columnar projections 10 to the back surface 3B of the board (total area of ​​the protruding end faces of the columnar projections 10 / total surface area of ​​the back surface 3B of the board) is preferably 7 to 50%, more preferably 10 to 25%, in consideration of the balance between the exhaust and drainage properties of the formed ventilation layer X and the strength of the heat insulating board. In the example shown in FIG. 2, the columnar projections 10 account for 14% of the board surface area.

[0028] The front panel surface 3A of the air vent / drainage channel forming board 3 may be formed as a flat plate with no irregularities, but it is preferable that it has fine irregularities to facilitate the adhesion of decorative materials so that it can be used as a decorative finish top and bottom when finishing the exterior wall surface using a wet construction method such as mortar application. In the examples shown in Figures 4 and 5, barbed protrusions 11 with a height of 0.5 to 2 mm are evenly formed on the front panel surface 3A of the air vent / drainage channel forming board 3. By forming such protrusions, the decorative material will be easily adhered, and the protrusions serve as markers to make it possible to check whether the amount of decorative material applied is excessive or insufficient.

[0029] Furthermore, it is preferable that the front panel surface 3A of the air vent / drainage channel forming board 3 be provided with a marking indicating the top and bottom of the board during installation. As described above, the air vent / drainage channel forming board 3 of the present invention has an inverted tapered upper side surface 10A of the columnar projections 10 that form the ventilation layer, and a tapered lower side surface 10B. This allows water flowing down the columnar projections 10 to be collected at the base of the columnar projections and efficiently drained without wetting the structural surface material side (indoor side). Therefore, to achieve this effect, it is necessary to install the board upside down correctly, and the presence of a marking indicating the top and bottom is preferable, as it improves workability during installation. In the example shown in Figure 4, an arrow 12 indicating the installation direction is formed by a groove on the front panel surface 3A of the air vent / drainage channel forming board 3. Furthermore, it is preferable to form a ridge 13 around the periphery of the air vent / drainage channel forming board 3 to improve the fit when adjacent boards 3 are attached to each other.

[0030] The external dimensions of the ventilation and drainage channel forming board 3 of the present invention having the above-mentioned configuration can be any appropriate size, but taking into consideration, for example, the dimensions of commonly used plywood and the arrangement pitch of the structural aggregate 1, the width x length can be designed based on 606mm x 910mm or 910mm x 1820mm based on the shaku module, and 500mm x 1000mm corresponding to the meter module, and the thickness (thickness excluding the columnar protrusions) is appropriately about 10 to 100mm.

[0031] The air passage and drainage passage forming board 3 according to the present invention has the above-mentioned configuration and operates as follows. First, the ventilation and drainage channel forming board 3 constructed as described above is fixed to the structural surface material 2 with its columnar projections 10 in contact with it, as already explained in the explanation of the wall surface W in Figure 1. This fixing is performed using fasteners such as screws, but the up and down direction of the ventilation and drainage channel forming board 3 can be easily identified by the arrow 12 provided on the front panel surface 3A of the board, allowing for correct installation.

[0032] Next, a decorative finish 4 is applied to the surface of the attached air duct and drainage channel forming board 3. When applying this decorative finish 4, the front panel surface 3A of the air duct and drainage channel forming board 3 is used as is as a base for wet finishing. Barbed protrusions 11 with a height of 0.5 to 2 mm are formed evenly on the front panel surface 3A of the air duct and drainage channel forming board 3, which makes it easy for the decorative material to adhere and also serves as a marker to check whether the amount of decorative material applied is excessive or insufficient.

[0033] Specifically, the decorative finish 4 is applied as follows: First, base coat material 7a is applied to the front panel surface 3A of the ventilation and drainage channel board 3. During this process, the formed protrusions 11 serve as guides, allowing for confirmation of the amount of base coat material 7a applied, ensuring a uniform thickness of base coat. Next, a fiberglass mesh core 7b is attached to the formed base coat, and the same base coat material 7a is applied on top of it in this state, creating a fiberglass-reinforced base coat 7. Next, a top coat 8 with an appropriate decorative effect is applied by spraying or painting on top of the base coat 7, completing the decorative finish 4 for the exterior wall (see Figure 1).

[0034] On the indoor side of the wall W, a lining board 5 such as gypsum board is installed as usual, and on the indoor side thereof, an interior wallpaper 6 or the like is installed to provide an interior decoration.

[0035] Therefore, the wall W constructed as described above functions as a heat insulating material because the air vent / drainage channel forming board 3 of the present invention is made of a plate-shaped synthetic resin foam, and realizes the external heat insulation method.In addition, since the back panel surface 3B of the air vent / drainage channel forming board 3 facing the structural surface material 2 has columnar protrusions 10 with a height of 3 to 30 mm formed thereon, an air vent layer X is defined between the structural surface material 2 as shown in Figure 6, and the air vent layer method is also realized.

[0036] Furthermore, the columnar projections 10 for defining the ventilation layer X are formed with an upper side surface 10A in an inverted tapered shape that protrudes outward toward the tip, and a lower side surface 10B in a tapered shape that protrudes outward toward the base. Therefore, water flowing down the columnar projections 10 is collected at the base side of the columnar projections and efficiently flows down and drained without wetting the structural surface material 2 side (indoor side), thereby improving the waterproofing and drainage properties that are originally required in the ventilation layer construction method (see Figure 6).

[0037] The above describes in detail the embodiments of the air vent and drainage channel forming board according to the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and it is natural that various modifications and changes are possible within the scope of the technical idea of ​​the present invention described in the claims. [Industrial Applicability]

[0038] The ventilation and drainage channel forming board of the present invention can be suitably used when installing the ventilation layer method on the exterior wall of a building, external insulation method, and also when finishing the exterior wall surface using a wet method such as applying mortar. [Explanation of symbols]

[0039] W wall 1. Structural aggregates 2 Structural surface materials 3. Ventilation and drainage channel forming board 3A Front surface of the ventilation and drainage channel board 3B Back surface of the ventilation and drainage channel board 4. Cosmetic Finish 5 Interior lining board 6 Interior cloth 7 Fiberglass reinforced base coat 7a Base Coat Material 7b Core material made of fiberglass mesh 8. Top Coat 10 Columnar process 10A Upper side of the pillar 10B Lower side of the pillar 11 Barb-shaped protrusion 12 Arrow indicating tension direction 13 Mutual Love X Ventilation layer

Claims

1. This air duct and drainage channel forming board is made of a plate-shaped synthetic resin foam and is placed on the outside of the structural surface material of a building wall, the back surface of the board facing the structural surface material having a plurality of columnar protrusions 3 to 30 mm in height, the columnar protrusions have a diamond-shaped front shape and are arranged so that the corners of the diamond shape are at the top and bottom, the entire side surfaces of the two upper sides of the diamond-shaped columnar protrusions are formed in an inverse tapered shape that protrudes outward toward the tip, and the entire side surfaces of the two lower sides are formed in a tapered shape that protrudes outward toward the base, and the front surface of the board has markings indicating the top and bottom.

2. An air duct and drainage channel forming board as described in claim 1, characterized in that the diamond-shaped columnar protrusions are made up of a plurality of different large and small irregular shapes.

3. An air duct and drainage channel forming board as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the area ratio of the diamond-shaped columnar protrusions to the back surface of the board is 10 to 25%.

4. 4. The air and drainage channel forming board according to claim 1, wherein the front surface of the board is formed with barbed projections having a height of 0.5 to 2 mm.

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