Waste disposal methods and equipment

Abstract

A method is provided that enables efficient separation and recovery of combustible waste and non-combustible waste from a mixture of combustible and non-combustible waste while suppressing carbon dioxide gas emissions. [Solution] The waste treatment method includes the steps of (a) supplying a heated solid heat medium into a storage area physically separated by walls, (b) supplying waste to be treated, which is a mixture of combustible waste and non-combustible waste, into the storage area, (c) maintaining the presence of the solid heat medium and the waste to be treated in the storage area for a predetermined period of time, thereby heating the waste to be treated in a non-combustible manner using the sensible heat of the solid heat medium to embrittle or carbonize it, and (d) separating the waste to be treated into combustible waste and non-combustible waste after step (c).

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a waste treatment method, and more particularly to a method for treating waste that is a mixture of combustible waste and non-combustible waste, and also to a waste treatment facility suitable for such treatment. [Background technology]

[0002] Shredder dust, which is generated during the disposal of vehicles or home appliances, is a type of waste. Shredder dust is a mixture of resin, urethane, etc., and often contains glass scraps and metals such as copper and aluminum that could not be separated and recovered by magnetic separators. In other words, shredder dust is a mixture of combustible waste made of resin, urethane, etc., and non-combustible waste such as metals (hereinafter referred to as "mixed waste")

[0003] Burnable waste such as waste resin, waste tires, rice husks, wood chips, palm kernel shells (PKS), refuse-derived fuel (RDF), and sludge often contains soil and stones, glass waste, and various metals. These wastes can also be considered examples of mixed waste.

[0004] A widely known method for treating mixed waste is to incinerate combustible waste to recover thermal energy, and then recover non-combustible waste from the incineration residue.

[0005] The applicant of this application has previously proposed a method for easily recovering non-combustible waste by heating and embrittling combustible waste as a waste treatment method that places emphasis on recovering valuable non-combustible waste (see Patent Document 1). This method aims to effectively recycle metals and other materials contained in shredder dust, and involves embrittling the shredder dust by heat treatment at temperatures between 250°C and 400°C, crushing and classifying the shredder dust to a predetermined size, and then separating and recovering the magnetic materials and heavy products. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2018-34143 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] Patent Document 1 describes that shredder dust is embrittled by heat-treating it at temperatures of 250°C to 400°C using a general heating furnace such as a fixed furnace, stoker furnace, rotary kiln, fluidized bed furnace, vertical furnace, or multi-tier furnace. However, because this heating involves combustion, the heating temperature can easily reach high temperatures, making temperature control relatively difficult.

[0008] Furthermore, in the method of Patent Document 1, the mixed waste is heated and combusted, which generates greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide. Therefore, from the perspective of the impact on global warming, there is room for further consideration of the method used for heat treatment.

[0009] In view of the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a method that enables efficient separation and recovery of combustible waste and non-combustible waste from a mixture of combustible and non-combustible waste while suppressing carbon dioxide gas emissions. Another aim of the present invention is to provide equipment suitable for carrying out such a method. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] The waste treatment method according to the present invention includes the steps of: (a) supplying a heated solid heat transfer medium into a storage area (hereinafter referred to as a "waste heating device") physically separated by a wall; (b) supplying waste to be treated, which is a mixture of combustible waste and non-combustible waste, into the waste heating device; After the steps (a) and (b), a step (c) is performed in which the solid heat transfer medium and the waste to be treated are maintained in the waste heating device for a predetermined time, thereby heating the waste to be treated in a non-combustion manner using the sensible heat of the solid heat transfer medium, thereby embrittling or carbonizing the waste to be treated; The method is characterized by comprising, after the step (c), a step (d) of separating the waste to be treated into the combustible waste and the non-combustible waste.

[0011] In the above, the term "containment area physically separated by a wall" refers to an area in which a substantially closed space is formed, excluding an inlet for introducing the solid heat transfer medium and waste to be treated from the outside into the containment area, and an outlet for discharging the solid heat transfer medium, waste to be treated, and gas generated or expanded within the containment area from the inside of the containment area to the outside. The term "wall" here refers collectively to a member that separates a space, and typical examples include the wall of a casing and a member that separates the space inside the casing. Note that the containment area is not limited to the casing; for example, the wall and sealing member of a pipe in an enclosed space formed by sealing off part of the pipe are also included in the term "wall." In this case, the sealed part of the pipe corresponds to the containment area.

[0012] According to the above waste treatment method, the degree of embrittlement or carbonization of combustible waste can be easily controlled by adjusting at least one of the following: the temperature of the solid heat medium, the heat treatment time of the waste to be treated, the ratio of the amount of the waste to be treated and the solid heat medium during the heat treatment, and the positional state of the waste to be treated and the solid heat medium during the heat treatment. Therefore, mixed waste in which the combustible waste has been embrittled or carbonized to an appropriate extent can be easily obtained, and for example, by applying a physical impact to the embrittled or carbonized combustible waste to destroy it, the combustible waste and non-combustible waste can be easily separated.

[0013] In step (c), from the viewpoint of appropriately embrittling or carbonizing the combustible waste, it is preferable to heat the temperature in the storage area to 300°C to 1,000°C. To achieve this, the temperature of the solid heat transfer medium supplied to the storage area in step (a) is preferably 300°C to 1,400°C. The reason why the temperature of the solid heat transfer medium is preferably 1,400°C or less is due to the viewpoint of the handleability of the solid heat transfer medium as a high-temperature substance.

[0014] Furthermore, in step (c), from the viewpoint of appropriately embrittling or carbonizing the combustible waste and from the viewpoint of treatment efficiency, the time for which the solid heat transfer medium and the waste to be treated are maintained in the storage area is preferably 30 seconds to 60 minutes, more preferably 30 seconds to 30 minutes, even more preferably 1 minute to 20 minutes, and particularly preferably 1 minute to 10 minutes.

[0015] Furthermore, since step (c) is performed by heating using the sensible heat of the solid heat transfer medium, there is no need to supply fuel or oxygen, which suppresses the generation of carbon dioxide gas during step (c).

[0016] The waste to be treated is a mixture of combustible and non-combustible materials, typically present in a state where the combustible and non-combustible materials are adhered or intertwined to such an extent that they cannot be easily separated. Typical examples of the waste to be treated include shredder dust (ASR, SR) generated from the disposal of vehicles, home appliances, etc. In addition, waste resin, waste tires, rice husks, wood chips, palm kernel shells (PKS), refuse-derived fuel (RDF), sludge, etc. are also included in the waste to be treated if they are mixed with non-combustible materials such as earth, stone, glass scraps, and various metals.

[0017] The size of the waste to be treated is arbitrary, but considering the ease of transport in and out of the waste heating device and the ease of mixing with the solid heat transfer medium within the waste heating device, it is preferable that the diameter be 150 mm or less, more preferably 100 mm or less, and particularly preferably 50 mm or less.

[0018] In addition, in consideration of the ease of handling as a high-temperature substance, the ease of mixing with the waste to be treated, and the ease of separation and recovery, the solid heat transfer medium preferably has an average particle size of 1 μm to 300 mm, more preferably 1 μm to 150 mm, even more preferably 1 μm to 50 mm, and particularly preferably 10 μm to 30 mm.

[0019] The solid heat transfer medium may be any material as long as it does not decompose or break down when heated to a predetermined temperature and does not undergo chemical reactions with the waste to be treated. For example, one or more materials selected from the group consisting of sand, gravel, silica stone, limestone, calcium oxide, fly ash, slag, glass, alumina, zirconia, aluminum nitride, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, forsterite, steatite, cordierite, sialon, mullite, iron balls, steel balls, refractory metal balls, cement clinker raw materials, cement clinker dust, cement clinker, refractory bricks, and refractory brick waste can be suitably used.

[0020] In step (c), the presence of the heated solid heat transfer medium and the waste to be treated within the waste heating device must be maintained, and the relative positions of the two within the waste heating device are optional. That is, the waste to be treated and the solid heat transfer medium may be in contact with each other, may be non-contact, may be mixed overall (mixed), may be mixed in some areas (uneven distribution), or may not be mixed at all (localized distribution). Furthermore, the atmosphere of the waste heating device at the start of step (c) may be an oxygen-free inert gas or a vacuum to suppress combustion of the combustible waste. A small amount of oxygen may be present, so long as it is sufficient to allow a portion of the combustible waste to burn. The term "vacuum" used here conforms to the definition specified in JIS Z 8126-1:1999.

[0021] As mentioned above, shredder residue typically contains combustible waste, such as resin and urethane, and non-combustible waste, such as glass scraps and metals, which are intricately intertwined and integrated. Even when the waste to be treated is a mixed waste, such as shredder residue, the combustible waste contained in the waste to be treated is heated in step (c), causing the combustible waste in contact with the metal (non-combustible waste) to deform and become brittle or carbonize, resulting in a decrease in volume, compared to the time of step (b). This facilitates the dissolution of the adhesion or entanglement between the two, and the waste to be treated can be separated into combustible and non-combustible waste in the next step (d).

[0022] Furthermore, even if the combustible waste and non-combustible waste are stuck together or intertwined after step (c) is carried out, as described above, the combustible waste will have undergone a volume reduction due to deformation, embrittlement, or carbonization. Therefore, when step (d) is carried out, the combustible waste and non-combustible waste within the waste to be treated are subjected to the physical action of the separation device or the like, and the stuck together or intertwined state will be dissolved, allowing the two to be separated.

[0023] From this viewpoint, the waste treatment method further comprises a step (e) of applying an impact to the waste to be treated obtained after the step (c), The step (d) may be performed after the step (e).

[0024] Step (e) typically involves crushing the heated waste to be treated using a crusher, which makes it easier to eliminate the mixing of combustible waste and non-combustible waste.

[0025] The step (c) may include a step of stirring the inside of the waste heating device.

[0026] This allows the sensible heat from the heated solid heat transfer medium to be uniformly transferred to the waste to be treated. The object to be stirred may be one or more of the waste to be treated, the solid heat transfer medium, and the atmosphere of the waste heating device.

[0027] However, when mixed waste is heated using a general heating furnace such as that described in Patent Document 1, the combustible gas produced by the thermal decomposition of the combustible waste contained in the mixed waste is either burned on the spot or, if it does not burn, is diluted by the large amount of supplied gas.

[0028] However, according to the above method, since no combustion operation is involved in the execution of step (c), oxygen or aeration gas is not required, and therefore, combustible gases such as carbon monoxide generated by the thermal decomposition of combustible waste contained in the waste to be treated can be recovered without combustion or dilution.

[0029] From this perspective, the waste treatment method may include a step (f) of recovering the flammable gas generated by carrying out the step (c) through an exhaust port provided in the waste heating device.

[0030] The step (d) may include a step of separating the waste to be treated into the combustible waste and the non-combustible waste based on the difference in specific gravity.

[0031] Specific examples of this method include those using a wind classifier, an inertial classifier, a centrifugal classifier, a sieving device, a gravity separator, and the like.

[0032] More specifically, step (d) comprises: a step (d1) of removing the mixture of the waste to be treated and the solid heat transfer medium to the outside of the waste heating device after the step (c) is performed; and a step (d2) of separating the mixture taken out in the step (d1) in multiple stages based on differences in specific gravity, The step (d2) may be a step of separating the mixture into the combustible waste, the incombustible waste, and the solid heat transfer medium.

[0033] In this case, the waste treatment method further includes a step (g) of heating the solid heat transfer medium separated in the step (d2), The step (a) may include a step of supplying the solid heat transfer medium heated in the step (g) into the waste heating device.

[0034] This makes it possible to reduce the total amount of solid heat transfer medium used, and at the same time, since the temperature of the solid heat transfer medium after use is higher than room temperature, it is possible to reduce the thermal energy required to bring the solid heat transfer medium to a predetermined temperature.

[0035] Furthermore, when the step (g) is carried out, the combustible gas recovered in the step (c) may be combusted.

[0036] That is, the waste treatment method includes a step (f) of recovering the flammable gas generated by carrying out the step (c) through an exhaust port provided in the waste heating device, The step (g) may be a step of heating the solid heat transfer medium separated in the step (d2) by burning the combustible gas recovered in the step (f).

[0037] The waste treatment method may further include a step (g) of supplying the solid heat transfer medium separated in the step (d2) to a cement kiln together with cement clinker raw materials.

[0038] According to the above method, the recovered used solid heat transfer medium can be used as a raw material for cement clinker.

[0039] The waste treatment facility according to the present invention comprises: a waste heating device including a storage area physically separated by a wall, a first inlet for introducing waste to be treated, which is a mixture of combustible waste and non-combustible waste, into said storage area, and a second inlet for introducing a heated solid heat transfer medium into said storage area, said waste to be treated being heated by a non-combustion method utilizing the sensible heat of said solid heat transfer medium; The waste treatment system is characterized by comprising a separation device that separates the waste to be treated that has been heated by the waste heating device into the combustible waste and the non-combustible waste.

[0040] In the waste heating device provided in the waste treatment facility, the waste to be treated can be heated in a non-combustion manner by utilizing the sensible heat of a solid heat transfer medium. This makes it easier to adjust the heating conditions and suppresses the generation of carbon dioxide gas during heating. The first inlet and the second inlet may be separate or may be a common inlet.

[0041] The separation device may include a crusher that applies an impact to the waste to be treated that has been heated by the waste heating device, and may separate the waste to be treated after the impact has been applied by the crusher into the combustible waste and the non-combustible waste.

[0042] As the crushing device, crushers such as a jaw crusher, impact crusher, hammer crusher or roll crusher, or a cutter mill or the like can be used.

[0043] The waste heating device may include a stirring unit that stirs the waste in the storage area.

[0044] As the waste heating device equipped with the stirring unit, a fixed container type mixer, a V-type mixer, a horizontal cylindrical mixer, a double cone type mixer or other continuous rotating container type mixer can be suitably used.

[0045] The separation device comprises a plurality of units that separate the objects to be separated in multiple stages based on differences in specific gravity, and separates the mixture of the waste to be treated after being heated in the waste heating device and the solid heat transfer medium used for heating into the combustible waste, the non-combustible waste, and the solid heat transfer medium, The waste treatment facility further includes a heat medium heating device that heats the solid heat medium separated by the separation device, The solid heat transfer medium heated by the heat transfer medium heating device may be supplied to the waste heating device through the second inlet.

[0046] The units belonging to the separation device can be one or more types belonging to the group consisting of a wind classifier, an inertial classifier, a centrifugal classifier, a sieving device, a dry gravity separator, and a dry fluidized bed gravity separator.

[0047] the waste heating device has an exhaust port for discharging gas from within the storage area; the waste treatment facility has a pipe connecting the exhaust port and the heat medium heating device, The heat medium heating device is The waste heating device is configured such that flammable gas generated by heating the waste to be treated in the waste heating device is introduced from the exhaust port through the piping, The solid heat transfer medium may be heated by burning the combustible gas.

[0048] The heat transfer medium heating device can be a general-purpose heating furnace such as a fixed furnace, rotary furnace, stoker furnace, externally heated furnace, internal combustion furnace, fluidized bed furnace, etc. From the viewpoint of temperature control accuracy and ease of operation, an externally heated rotary kiln having a plurality of lifter members erected on the inner peripheral surface of the kiln is preferred.

[0049] The separation device comprises a plurality of units that separate the objects to be separated in multiple stages based on differences in specific gravity, and separates the mixture of the waste to be treated after being heated in the waste heating device and the solid heat transfer medium used for heating into the combustible waste, the non-combustible waste, and the solid heat transfer medium, Of the plurality of units constituting the separation device, the specific unit that separates the solid heat transfer medium may be connected to a cement kiln that burns cement clinker raw materials. [Effects of the Invention]

[0050] According to the present invention, combustible waste and non-combustible waste can be efficiently separated and recovered from a mixture of combustible and non-combustible waste while suppressing the emission of carbon dioxide gas. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0051] [Figure 1] 1 is a block diagram schematically illustrating a configuration of a first embodiment of a waste treatment facility. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a block diagram schematically illustrating an example of a detailed configuration of a separation device according to the first embodiment. [Figure 3] 2 is a diagram schematically illustrating a configuration in which the waste treatment facility shown in FIG. 1 is connected to a cement production facility. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a block diagram schematically illustrating another example of the detailed configuration of the separation device of the first embodiment. [Figure 5] FIG. 4 is a block diagram schematically showing the configuration of a second embodiment of the waste treatment facility. [Figure 6] FIG. 10 is a block diagram schematically illustrating an example of a detailed configuration of a separation device according to a second embodiment. [Figure 7] FIG. 10 is a block diagram schematically illustrating another example of the detailed configuration of the separation device according to the second embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0052] Hereinafter, embodiments of a waste treatment method and a waste treatment facility according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that the drawings are all schematic illustrations.

[0053] [First embodiment] A first embodiment of the waste treatment method and waste treatment facility according to the present invention will be described.

[0054] Figure 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a first embodiment of a waste treatment facility. The waste treatment facility 1 shown in Figure 1 includes a waste heating device 2, a separator 3, a heat medium heating device 4, and a post-treatment device 11. In Figure 1, the flow of solids is indicated by solid lines with arrows, and the flow of gas is indicated by dashed lines with arrows. This illustrated embodiment is also applicable to the following drawings.

[0055] The waste heating apparatus 2 is an apparatus that heats waste to be treated (hereinafter referred to as "waste to be treated W1"). The waste heating apparatus 2 has a first inlet 71, and the waste to be treated W1 is introduced through the first inlet 71. More specifically, the waste heating apparatus 2 has a storage area covered by a wall, and the waste to be treated W1 is introduced into the storage area through the first inlet 71. The step of introducing the waste to be treated W1 into the storage area of ​​the waste heating apparatus 2 corresponds to step (b).

[0056] The waste to be treated W1 is a mixture of combustible waste and non-combustible waste (mixed waste). More specifically, the waste to be treated W1 is a mixture of combustible waste and non-combustible waste that are intertwined to the extent that they cannot be easily separated.

[0057] In this specification, combustible waste refers to waste made of organic matter, and non-combustible waste refers to waste made of inorganic matter. For example, resin and wood are combustible waste, while metal, ore, and glass are non-combustible waste.

[0058] Shredder dust (ASR, SR) generated from the disposal of vehicles, home appliances, etc. is a typical example of mixed waste, containing a mixture of combustible materials such as resin and urethane, as well as metals such as copper and aluminum that could not be completely separated and recovered using magnetic separators, along with glass scraps.Furthermore, combustible waste such as waste resin, waste tires, rice husks, wood chips, palm kernel shells (PKS), refuse-derived fuel (RDF), and sludge may also be mixed with non-combustible waste such as soil and stone, glass scraps, and various metals, in which case it falls under the category of mixed waste.

[0059] The waste heating device 2 heats the waste to be treated W1 in a non-combustion manner using the sensible heat of the preheated solid heat medium M2, thereby embrittling or carbonizing the combustible materials (combustible waste) contained in the waste to be treated W1. More specifically, the waste heating device 2 heats the waste to be treated W1 using the sensible heat of the solid heat medium M2 by allowing the waste to be treated W1 and the preheated solid heat medium M2 to remain in the storage area for a predetermined time. This step corresponds to step (c).

[0060] Combustible materials contained in the waste to be treated W1 are expected to be organic materials such as resins. When this organic material is heated, the fixed carbon concentration increases, and it becomes embrittled or carbonized, with some of it turning into combustible gases G1 such as methane and carbon monoxide. On the other hand, incombustible materials contained in the waste to be treated W1 are expected to be inorganic materials such as metals. When these materials are heated, an oxide film forms on their surfaces, and some of the embrittled or carbonized resin fuses together.

[0061] The waste heating device 2 heats the waste to be treated W1 using a non-combustion method, and therefore generates almost no carbon dioxide gas.

[0062] Furthermore, when heating the waste to be treated W1 in the waste heating apparatus 2, there is no need to introduce a combustion-supporting gas or a transport gas into the waste heating apparatus 2. Therefore, the combustible gas G1, such as methane or carbon monoxide, generated by heating the waste to be treated W1 in the waste heating apparatus 2 can be recovered without being substantially diluted. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the waste heating apparatus 2 may have an exhaust port 74, and the combustible gas G1 may be recovered through the exhaust port 74. This step corresponds to step (f).

[0063] The waste to be treated W1 is dried in the waste heating apparatus 2, but from the viewpoint of efficient and stable heating treatment, it is preferable that the waste have a low moisture content. For example, it is preferable that the waste to be treated W1 has its wet basis moisture content adjusted to 50% by mass or less before being introduced into the waste heating apparatus 2 through the first inlet 71.

[0064] The waste heating device 2 has a second inlet 72 for introducing the solid heat transfer medium M2 into the storage area. The solid heat transfer medium M2 is heated preferably to 300°C to 1,400°C in the heat transfer medium heating device 4. The heat transfer medium heating device 4 is a device that heats the solid heat transfer medium M1 before heating. The step of introducing the heated solid heat transfer medium M2 into the storage area of ​​the waste heating device 2 corresponds to step (a).

[0065] The solid heat transfer medium M1 (M2) is preferably an inorganic material. The inorganic material constituting the solid heat transfer medium M1 may be determined depending on the type and proportion of one or both of the combustible and non-combustible materials contained in the waste to be treated W1. Examples of inorganic materials constituting the solid heat transfer medium M1 include one or more materials belonging to the group consisting of sand, gravel, silica stone, limestone, calcium oxide, fly ash, slag, glass, alumina, zirconia, aluminum nitride, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, forsterite, steatite, cordierite, sialon, mullite, iron balls, steel balls, refractory metal balls, cement clinker, cement clinker dust, cement clinker raw materials, refractory bricks, and refractory brick waste.

[0066] The introduction of the heated solid heat medium M2 or the introduction of the waste to be treated W1 into the waste heating device 2 may be intermittent, like batch processing, or continuous, or a combination of one being intermittent and the other being continuous.

[0067] 1, the first inlet 71 and the second inlet 72 are shown as being installed at different positions, but they can also be installed at a common inlet. For example, by adjusting the timing at which the waste to be treated W1 is introduced into the storage area of ​​the waste heating device 2 and the timing at which the solid heat transfer medium M2 is introduced into the storage area, the first inlet 71 and the second inlet 72 can be installed at a common inlet.

[0068] The waste heating apparatus 2 is preferably equipped with a thermometer 61 to monitor the temperature within the storage area. If the thermometer 61 indicates a temperature lower than the target temperature range, the amount or rate of introduction of the heated solid heat medium M2 into the waste heating apparatus 2 may be increased, and in addition, the heating capacity of the heat medium heater 4 may be increased to raise the temperature of the solid heat medium M2. Conversely, if the thermometer 61 indicates a temperature higher than the target temperature range, additional waste to be treated W1 may be introduced into the waste heating apparatus 2, the amount or rate of introduction of the solid heat medium M2 may be reduced, and in addition, the heating capacity of the heat medium heater 4 may be reduced to lower the temperature of the solid heat medium M2.

[0069] The mixing ratio of the waste to be treated W1 and the solid heat transfer medium M2 introduced into the storage area of ​​the waste heating device 2 is preferably such that the mass ratio per unit time is (mass of the waste to be treated W1) / (mass of the solid heat transfer medium M2) between 1 / 20 and 1 / 2. If the mixing ratio is within this range, the waste to be treated W1 can be heat treated even if the waste heating device 2 is a continuous type.

[0070] The time for which the waste to be treated W1 and the solid heat medium M2 are retained in the storage area of ​​the waste heating apparatus 2 can be adjusted as appropriate after checking the state of the resulting waste to be treated W2 so that the waste to be treated W1 can be dried and the combustible materials embrittled or carbonized while suppressing excessive thermal decomposition of the combustible materials contained in the waste to be treated W1. To ensure stable heat treatment in the continuous waste heating apparatus 2, for example, when the temperature in the storage area of ​​the waste heating apparatus 2 is 300°C to 1,000°C, the retention time in the storage area is preferably set to 30 seconds to 60 minutes. More preferably, the set temperature is 500°C to 800°C and the retention time is 30 seconds to 30 minutes.

[0071] The waste heating device 2 preferably includes a stirring unit that stirs the waste W1 within the storage area, from the viewpoint of uniformly heating the waste W1 to be treated using the sensible heat of the solid heat transfer medium M2. The stirring unit can be any type of mixing mechanism, continuous or batch type. Examples of stirring units include continuous fixed-container mixers such as pug mills, which have multiple blades attached to a horizontal shaft that rotate as the horizontal shaft rotates, and ribbon mixers, which have ribbon blades attached to a horizontal shaft that rotate as the horizontal shaft rotates, causing the ribbon to move and mix; V-type mixers, which perform three-dimensional folding and reversing by rotating the container, where the contents are repeatedly collected and separated; horizontal cylindrical mixers, which have baffles and blades attached to the container to improve mixing accuracy, and continuous rotating-container mixers such as double-cone mixers.

[0072] The agitation unit may agitate the atmosphere within the storage area of ​​the waste heating apparatus 2, or may agitate one or both of the solid heat transfer medium M2 and the waste to be treated W1 along with the atmosphere. The storage area of ​​the waste heating apparatus 2 may be a vacuum, in which case the agitation unit may preferably agitate both the solid heat transfer medium M2 and the waste to be treated W1.

[0073] The solid heat transfer medium M2 and the waste to be treated W1 may be mixed within the waste heating apparatus 2. In this case, the waste to be treated W1 preferably has a shape with few large planar surfaces that allows it to roll within the storage area of ​​the waste heating apparatus 2, from the viewpoint of mixability with the solid heat transfer medium M2.

[0074] Furthermore, when the waste to be treated W1 is a complex mixture of combustible and non-combustible materials, it is preferable that the solid heat transfer medium M2 be mixed so that it can penetrate into the recesses of the waste to be treated W1, in order to heat, embrittle, or carbonize the combustible materials present in the recesses of the waste to be treated W1. From this perspective, the solid heat transfer medium M2 is preferably fine particles with an average particle size on the order of μm. Furthermore, when the size of the solid heat transfer medium M2 is large and there are few gaps or pores leading to the interior of the waste to be treated W1, the solid heat transfer medium M2 may be particles with an average particle size on the order of cm.

[0075] The shape of the solid heat transfer medium M2 is not particularly limited, but a spherical shape is preferable from the standpoint of mixability with the waste to be treated W1 within the waste heating device 2, transportability between devices, and separation and recovery in the separation device 3 at the subsequent stage.

[0076] Hereinafter, the solid heat medium M2 after use in the waste heating device 2 will be referred to as the "solid heat medium M3." From the viewpoint of ease of handling the solid heat medium M2 and separating and recovering the solid heat medium M3 from the mixture of the solid heat medium M3 and the waste to be treated W1 after heating, the average particle size of the solid heat medium M2 is preferably 1 μm to 300 mm, more preferably 1 μm to 150 mm, even more preferably 1 μm to 50 mm, and particularly preferably 10 μm to 30 mm.

[0077] Furthermore, with regard to the waste W1 to be treated, from the viewpoint of mixability with the solid heat medium M2 within the storage area of ​​the waste heating device 2 and transportability between devices, it is preferable that the width be 150 mm or less, more preferably 100 mm or less, and particularly preferably 50 mm or less.

[0078] The shape of the waste W1 to be treated is not particularly limited, but it is preferable that the waste W1 has a shape that allows it to roll, with few large planar surfaces, from the viewpoint of mixability with the solid heat medium M2 in the waste heating device 2 described above, as well as transportability between devices.

[0079] As described above, in the heat medium heating device 4, the unheated solid heat medium M1 is heated to obtain a solid heat medium M2 heated to 300°C or higher. This solid heat medium M2 is introduced into the waste heating device 2 through the second inlet 72. The heat medium heating device 4 is preferably equipped with a thermometer 62, which can confirm whether the temperature of the solid heat medium M2 has been heated to a predetermined temperature. The temperature of the solid heat medium M2 is controlled by adjusting the degree of heating in the heat medium heating device 4 as necessary.

[0080] As described above, the solid heat transfer medium M1 before heating is preferably heated to 300°C to 1,400°C by the heat transfer medium heating device 4. When the solid heat transfer medium M2 at this temperature is introduced into the waste heating device 2, the storage area of ​​the waste heating device 2 is heated to 300°C to 1,000°C, and the waste to be treated W1 present in this storage area is heated by the sensible heat of the solid heat transfer medium M2.

[0081] Examples of the heat transfer medium heating device 4 that heats the solid heat transfer medium M1 to 300°C to 1,400°C include combustion furnaces such as fixed furnaces, rotary furnaces, stoker furnaces, and fluidized bed furnaces, as well as heating furnaces such as externally heated furnaces and internal combustion furnaces. From the viewpoint of temperature control accuracy and ease of operation, the heat transfer medium heating device 4 is preferably an externally heated or internal combustion rotary kiln with multiple lifter members erected on the inner circumferential surface of the kiln. Here, an internal combustion rotary kiln is preferred when heating the solid heat transfer medium M1 to a high temperature of 1,000°C to 1,400°C.

[0082] In the case of an externally heated rotary kiln with multiple lifter members installed on the inner periphery of the kiln, it is an externally heated furnace that makes it easy to control the temperature inside the kiln. In addition, the lifter members continuously stir and lift the solid heat transfer medium M1 to be heated as it moves toward the kiln discharge port. This results in a solid heat transfer medium M2 that is uniformly heated so that the entire solid heat transfer medium reaches the desired temperature.

[0083] When the solid heat transfer medium M1 is a cement clinker raw material, the heat transfer medium heating device 4 can be a preheater attached to a cement manufacturing facility. In this case, the cement clinker raw material separated from the preheater is introduced into the waste heating device 2 as the solid heat transfer medium M2. In this case, from the viewpoints of ease of handling and safety, the solid heat transfer medium M2 is preferably at a temperature of 1,000°C or less. The preheater is usually configured to include multiple cyclones. The solid heat transfer medium M2 may be separated from the cyclone into which the cement clinker raw material heated to 300°C to 1,000°C is discharged.

[0084] The waste heating device 2 heats the waste to be treated W1 using the sensible heat of the solid heat medium M2, and the waste to be treated W1 is decomposed into heated waste to be treated W2 and combustible gas G1. As described above, the heated waste to be treated W2 is in a state in which the combustible materials contained therein have been embrittled or carbonized. Hereinafter, the "heated waste to be treated W2" will be abbreviated as "heated waste W2" where appropriate.

[0085] Heated waste W2 is a mixture of combustible waste R1, which is made up of organic materials such as resin, rubber, and biomass that have been embrittled or carbonized by heating, and non-combustible waste R2, which is made up of inorganic materials such as metals, earth and stone, and glass chips. Parts of the embrittled or carbonized resin and rubber have fused to the surface of the non-combustible waste R2, and an oxide film has formed on the surface of the metals.

[0086] The waste heating device 2 has an outlet 73 for discharging the heated waste W2 obtained. The heated waste W2 is sent to the separation device 3 via the outlet 73. At this time, the heated waste W2 is sent to the separation device 3 in a state where it is mixed with the solid heat medium M2 (solid heat medium M3) after being used for heating in the waste heating device 2.

[0087] The separation device 3 is a device that separates the heated waste W2 transferred from the waste heating device 2 into combustible waste R1 and non-combustible waste R2. More preferably, the separation device 3 separates the mixture of the heated waste W2 and the solid heat transfer medium M3 into combustible waste R1, non-combustible waste R2, and the solid heat transfer medium M3.

[0088] From the viewpoint of increasing separation accuracy, the separation device 3 may be composed of a group of multiple units with different functions and sizes.

[0089] Fig. 2 is a block diagram showing a schematic example of a detailed configuration of the separation device 3. In the example shown in Fig. 2, the separation device 3 includes a crusher 31, a first separator 32, a second separator 33, a third separator 34, and a fourth separator 35. That is, Fig. 2 shows an example in which the separation device 3 includes five units. However, the number of units included in the separation device 3 is arbitrary.

[0090] The crusher 31 applies impact to the heated waste W2 to crush it and reduce its diameter to, for example, a few millimeters to a few tens of millimeters. As a result, combustible waste R1 such as resin or rubber that has fused to the surface of the non-combustible waste R2 contained in the heated waste W2 is peeled off. This step corresponds to step (e). As the crusher 31, it is preferable to use crushers such as a jaw crusher, impact crusher, hammer crusher, or roll crusher, or a cutter mill.

[0091] A jaw crusher is a compression-type crusher that consists of a fixed plate fixed to a frame and a moving plate fixed to a swinging jaw that face each other in a V-shape, clamping the material to be crushed and compressing it to crush it, then discharging the crushed pieces downward.

[0092] For example, when the solid heat transfer medium M2 is a cement clinker raw material, the used solid heat transfer medium M3 introduced from the waste heating device 2 to the crusher 31 has a small maximum particle size of about 200 μm. Therefore, in this case, the crusher 31 is mainly used to crush the heated waste W2 into combustible waste R1 and non-combustible waste R2, and to separate the combustible waste R1 that has fused to the non-combustible waste R2.

[0093] If the size of the waste to be treated W1 before being introduced into the waste heating apparatus 2 is large, from the viewpoint of ease of handling the waste to be treated W1 and ensuring uniformity and efficiency of heating the waste to be treated W1 in the waste heating apparatus 2, the waste may be crushed in advance using a crusher of the same type as the crusher 31 before being introduced into the waste heating apparatus 2. In this case, the crushing process for the heated waste W2 may be omitted.

[0094] The combustible waste R1 and non-combustible waste R2 contained in the heated waste W2 are broken up into adhered or entangled pieces by being crushed by the crusher 31. As a result, the mixture of combustible waste R1, non-combustible waste R2, and solid heat transfer medium M3 is sent from the crusher 31 to a subsequent unit in a state where the mutual entanglements have been broken up.

[0095] The first separator 32, the second separator 33, the third separator 34, and the fourth separator 35 are each a classification device that classifies the mixture, and are composed of a dry type classification device or a gravity difference separator.

[0096] Examples of classification devices used in dry processes include wind classification devices such as horizontal flow, vertical flow, and zigzag types; inertial classification devices such as linear, curved, louver, elbow jet, and variable impactor; centrifugal classification devices such as cyclone classifiers, van Tongelen, Classikron, dispersion, separator, microplex, air separator, micron separator, microplex, AccuCut, turbo classifier, O-SEPA, and CLASSIEL; and sieving devices such as in-plane motion type, various vibration type, tension type, forced stirring type, wind type, and vibrating air type; and one or more of these can be used.

[0097] Examples of gravity difference separators include dry gravity separators such as air tables and dry fluidized bed gravity separators such as mixed metal separators, and one or more of these may be used.

[0098] The first separator 32 is configured, for example, by a zigzag wind classification device. As described above, the mixture of combustible waste R1, non-combustible waste R2, and solid heat transfer medium M3 is introduced from the crusher 31 into the first separator 32 in a state in which the mutual entanglements have been eliminated.

[0099] In a zigzag air classifier, the dry mixture to be separated is introduced from above the ascending zigzag airflow passage, and the particles are dispersed by collisions with the inner wall of the airflow passage, dispersed by vortices created by the airflow, and classified by specific gravity due to the upward flow.By adjusting the air volume, low specific gravity particles are collected from the upper part of the airflow passage, and high specific gravity particles are collected from the lower part of the airflow passage.

[0100] More specifically, an inert gas G2 such as nitrogen gas is introduced from the lower part of the airflow passage of the first separator 32, which is composed of a zigzag type air classifier. Also, the mixture of the combustible waste R1, the non-combustible waste R2, and the solid heat transfer medium M3 is introduced from the upper part of the airflow passage.

[0101] By adjusting the flow rate of the inert gas G2, non-combustible waste R2 (non-combustible waste R2a), which has a relatively high specific gravity, is discharged from the outlet at the bottom of the airflow passage of the first separator 32. The combustible waste R1 has a lower specific gravity than the non-combustible waste R2a, and is carried by the airflow of the inert gas G2 and collected from the top of the airflow passage. Note that some non-combustible waste R2b may be mixed in with the airflow of the inert gas G2. The non-combustible waste R2a is typically metal.

[0102] The solid heat transfer medium M3 typically has a lower specific gravity than the non-combustible waste R2a, and is therefore carried along with the combustible waste R1 by the flow of the inert gas G2 and recovered from the top of the airflow passage. That is, the non-combustible waste R2a, which has a relatively high specific gravity, is separated and recovered from the mixture of the combustible waste R1, the non-combustible waste R2, and the solid heat transfer medium M3 by the first separator 32, and the remaining mixture is sent to the second separator 33 by the flow of the inert gas G2.

[0103] The second separator 33 is, for example, a cyclone classifier. A cyclone classifier is a device that classifies a mixture by utilizing differences in specific gravity and particle size. In detail, in a cyclone classifier, the mixture is classified by centrifugal force generated by swirling a gas containing a particle mixture inside a cylinder, which carries particles with high specific gravity or large diameter toward the outer wall and causes them to fall along the outer wall of the cyclone classifier, while particles with low specific gravity or small diameter are discharged with the airflow.

[0104] As described above, when the mixture of combustible waste R1, a small amount of non-combustible waste R2b, and solid heat transfer medium M3 is introduced from the first separator 32 into the second separator 33, which is composed of a cyclone classifier, on the airflow of inert gas G2, the airflow containing this mixture forms a swirling flow within the cyclone classifier cylinder. As a result, the mixture of relatively heavy combustible waste R1 (combustible waste R1a), non-combustible waste R2b, and relatively large solid heat transfer medium M3 (solid heat transfer medium M3a) falls from the second separator 33 and is sent to the third separator 34. On the other hand, the mixture of relatively light combustible waste R1 (combustible waste R1b) and relatively small solid heat transfer medium M3 (solid heat transfer medium M3b) is discharged from the top of the second separator 33 together with the airflow of inert gas G2 and sent to the fourth separator 35.

[0105] The third separator 34 is constituted, for example, by an air table. An air table is a dry gravity separator that separates and sorts the mixture by vibrating an inclined porous deck back and forth from side to side and blowing air upward from the bottom of the deck, causing high-density particles to move up the slope due to the vibration, and low-density particles to float from the deck surface and move down the slope due to the rising air.

[0106] The mixture of combustible waste R1a, non-combustible waste R2b, and solid heat transfer medium M3a introduced from the second separator 33 to the third separator 34 is classified as the air table deck vibrates. In detail, of the mixture, the non-combustible waste R2b, which has a relatively high specific gravity, moves upward on the deck, while the combustible waste R1a and solid heat transfer medium M3a, which have a relatively low specific gravity, move downward on the deck. This allows the non-combustible waste R2b to be separated and recovered from the mixture.

[0107] The combustible waste R1a and the solid heat transfer medium M3a separated by the third separator 34 are transferred to the fourth separator 35. For this transfer, the air current generated in the air table may be utilized.

[0108] The fourth separator 35 is configured, for example, by a cyclone classifier. Compared to the second separator 33, the fourth separator 35 is a high-precision classifier provided for separating small-diameter, low-specific-gravity objects and small-diameter objects.

[0109] As described above, the fourth separator 35 is introduced with the mixture of combustible waste R1b and solid heat transfer medium M3b from the second separator 33, carried by the gas flow of inert gas G2. Also, the mixture of combustible waste R1a and solid heat transfer medium M3a is introduced from the third separator 34. That is, the fourth separator 35 is introduced with the mixture of combustible waste R1 and solid heat transfer medium M3.

[0110] A mixture of combustible waste R1 and solid heat transfer medium M3 introduced into the fourth separator 35, which is composed of a cyclone classifier, is carried by the flow of inert gas G2 and forms a swirling flow inside the cylinder. At this time, the solid heat transfer medium M3, which has a relatively high specific gravity, falls and is discharged, and the combustible waste R1, which has a relatively low specific gravity, is discharged from the top of the fourth separator 35 together with the flow of inert gas G2. In this way, each of the wastes is separated and recovered.

[0111] The solid heat transfer medium M3 recovered in the fourth separator 35 is sent to the post-treatment device 11. For example, when the solid heat transfer medium M3 is a cement clinker raw material, a cement kiln can be used as the post-treatment device 11.

[0112] FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration in which the waste treatment facility 1 is connected to a cement production facility.

[0113] Cement manufacturing equipment 80 includes a preheater into which cement clinker raw materials are fed from the upper stage. The preheater is configured by connecting multiple cyclones in multiple stages, and FIG. 3 shows only cyclones 81, 82, and 83, including the lowest-stage cyclone 83. The cement clinker raw materials preheated in cyclones 81, 82, and 83 are burned in cement kiln 84 to produce cement clinker. The produced cement clinker is cooled in clinker cooler 85 and then sent to a subsequent process.

[0114] In the example of Fig. 3, a portion of the cement clinker raw material preheated to 500°C to 700°C by passing through the cyclone 81 is separated as a heated solid heat transfer medium M2 and introduced into the waste heating device 2 through the pipe 41. In this case, the cyclone 81 and the cyclones located above it correspond to the heat transfer medium heating device 4.

[0115] As described above, in the waste heating device 2, the waste to be treated W1 and the solid heat medium M2 remain in the storage area for a predetermined period of time, and the waste to be treated W1 is heated without combustion using the sensible heat of the solid heat medium M2.

[0116] Thereafter, a mixture of heated waste W2, which is the waste to be treated W1 after heating, and solid heat transfer medium M3, which is the solid heat transfer medium M2 after being used for heating, is sent to a separator 3. In the separator 3, the mixture is separated into combustible waste R1, non-combustible waste R2, and solid heat transfer medium M3, and each is recovered.

[0117] The separated solid heat transfer medium M3 is sent to the cement kiln 84 through the pipe 42 and burned. As a result, the solid heat transfer medium M3 is used as a raw material for cement clinker. In this case, the cement kiln 84 corresponds to the post-treatment device 11. By shooting the pipe 42, the solid heat transfer medium M3 can be introduced into the cement kiln 84 by utilizing potential energy. The step of supplying the separated solid heat transfer medium M3 to the cement kiln 84 is referred to as step ( h ) corresponds to

[0118] Fig. 4 is a block diagram schematically showing another example of the detailed configuration of the separation device 3. The separation device 3 shown in Fig. 4 differs from the separation device 3 shown in Fig. 2 in that it additionally includes a fifth separator 36.

[0119] The fifth separator 36 is a magnetic separator that separates the mixture based on whether it is magnetic or not. Examples of magnetic separators include static magnetic field magnetic separators of weak magnetic field type and strong magnetic field type, and AC magnetic field magnetic separators of moving magnetic field type, oscillating magnetic field type, and electromagnetic induction type.

[0120] When the mixture of combustible waste R1, non-combustible waste R2, and solid heat transfer medium M3 is introduced into the fifth separator 36, only magnetic non-combustible waste R2c is separated and recovered from the mixture. The remaining mixture is sent to the subsequent first separator 32. In FIG. 4, the non-magnetic non-combustible waste is designated by the symbol R2d.

[0121] According to this configuration, iron contained in the waste to be treated W1 can be efficiently recovered. From this viewpoint, the fifth separator 36 may be disposed in one or both of the stages subsequent to the first separator 32 and the third separator 34.

[0122] The configuration of the separation device 3 described above with reference to Fig. 2 is merely one example. The configuration of the separation device 3 can be selected appropriately as long as it is possible to separate and recover each of the combustible waste R1, non-combustible waste R2, and solid heat transfer medium M3 from a mixture of these wastes. However, from the viewpoint of improving separation performance, it is preferable that the separation device 3 be provided with multiple units so as to separate the mixture in multiple stages. This also applies to the following embodiments.

[0123] [Second embodiment] A second embodiment of the waste treatment method and waste treatment facility according to the present invention will be described below. In the following, descriptions of the same aspects as those of the first embodiment will be omitted as appropriate.

[0124] Fig. 5 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a second embodiment of a waste treatment facility. Fig. 6 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a separation device 3 of this embodiment, following Fig. 2. The waste treatment facility 1 of this embodiment differs from the waste treatment facility 1 of the first embodiment in that the used solid heat transfer medium M3 recovered from the separation device 3 is reheated in a heat transfer medium heating device 4. Therefore, compared to Fig. 1, the waste treatment facility 1 of this embodiment shown in Fig. 5 does not include a post-treatment device 11. The step of reheating the used solid heat transfer medium M3 in the heat transfer medium heating device 4 corresponds to step (g).

[0125] The solid heat transfer medium M3 recovered in the separator 3 is transported to the heat transfer medium heater 4 using any transport device such as a belt conveyor. In this case, the transport device may be heat resistant enough to withstand the temperature of the solid heat transfer medium M3.

[0126] As another example, a unit that separates and recovers the solid heat medium M3 (the fourth separator 35 in the example of FIG. 6) may be positioned vertically above the heat medium heater 4, so that the solid heat medium M3 is transported to the heat medium heater 4 by utilizing potential energy.

[0127] 5 and 6, the combustible gas G1 recovered from the exhaust port 74 of the waste heating device 2 may be introduced into the heat medium heating device 4 and used as fuel gas. This makes it possible to reduce the fuel used to heat the solid heat medium (M1, M3).

[0128] This is also true in the first embodiment, that is, in FIG. 1, part or all of the fuel used to heat the solid heat medium M1 in the heat medium heating device 4 may be provided by the combustible gas G1 recovered from the exhaust port 74 of the waste heating device 2.

[0129] In this embodiment, similarly to the first embodiment described with reference to FIG. 4, the separation device 3 may also include a fifth separator 36 (see FIG. 7). [Example]

[0130] The waste treatment method according to the present invention will be specifically explained below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

[0131] In this embodiment, the waste to be treated W1 and the waste treatment facility 1 are configured as follows.

[0132] Waste to be treated W1: Automobile shredder dust (hereinafter referred to as "ASR") crushed using a hammer crusher with a 50mm mesh screen, with approximately 70% by mass of particles having a particle size of 5mm or less. Solid heat transfer medium M1: Cement clinker raw material (particle size 200 μm or less, moisture content 0% by mass) Heat transfer medium heater 4: Preheater for rotary kiln for cement clinker production Waste Heating Device 2: Pugmill Type Mixer Separation device 3: Hammer crusher, magnetic separator, circulating air separator, air table, and cyclone classifier units

[0133] The cement clinker raw material at a temperature of 600°C to 700°C was taken from the third cyclone counting from the bottom of a preheater containing multiple cyclones installed in a cement kiln, and used as the solid heat transfer medium M2 after heating. The mass of the solid heat transfer medium M2 was set to 150 kg for 50 kg of ASR as the waste to be treated W1.

[0134] The entire mixture of 50 kg of ASR and 150 kg of cement clinker raw materials was surrounded by insulation, and a pugmill-type mixer with the outside of the mixer heated and insulated with hot air at 400°C was used to agitate and mix for 7.5 minutes, heating the ASR using the sensible heat of the cement clinker raw materials. Hot air was supplied to the mixer to simulate the fact that the temperature of the waste heating device 2 is expected to be maintained at a relatively high level when heat treatment is continuously performed on the waste to be treated W1. When the ASR and cement clinker raw materials were being mixed, the supply of hot air to the mixer was stopped.

[0135] The heated mixture of ASR and cement clinker raw materials was introduced into a hammer crusher with a 50mm mesh screen for crushing. The recovered amount was 193 kg. The 7 kg subtracted was determined to be moisture in the vaporized ASR and resins contained in the ASR that had been thermally decomposed and vaporized. The hammer crusher corresponds to crusher 31.

[0136] Next, 193 kg of the heated mixture of ASR and cement clinker raw materials was introduced into a magnetic separator to separate and recover magnetically attached material equivalent to non-combustible waste. The recovered amount was 2 kg. The magnetic separator corresponds to the fifth separator 36.

[0137] Next, 191 kg of the mixture of heated ASR and cement clinker raw materials from which the magnetic particles had been separated and recovered was introduced into a circulating air separator, which separated and recovered a mixture of a lighter portion (part) of combustible waste (heat-embrittled or carbonized resin, etc.) and a portion of cement clinker raw materials. The recovered amount was 168 kg. The circulating air separator corresponds to the second separator 33.

[0138] From the above 168 kg of separated and recovered material (a mixture of light parts and cement clinker raw materials), 100 kg was taken out for cement clinker production.

[0139] Next, the remaining 68 kg of the separated and recovered material (a mixture of light parts and cement clinker raw materials) and the 23 kg recovered as heavy parts by the circulating air separator were introduced into an air table to separate and recover non-magnetic metals (aluminum and precious metals) corresponding to non-combustible waste. The recovered amount was 2.5 kg. The air table corresponds to the third separator 34.

[0140] Next, 88.5 kg of the mixture, consisting of a mixture of heated ASR and cement clinker raw materials from which non-magnetic metals had been separated and recovered (first mixture) and a mixture of the lighter fraction separated and recovered by the circulating air separator and cement clinker raw materials (second mixture), was introduced into a cyclone classifier to separate and recover the lighter fraction corresponding to combustible waste and the weight fraction corresponding to cement clinker raw materials. The recovered amount of combustible waste was 18.5 kg, and the recovered amount of cement clinker raw materials was 70 kg. The cyclone classifier corresponds to the fourth separator 35.

[0141] Tables 1 and 2 show the amounts of ASR constituents and solid heat transfer media separated in each of the above processes.

[0142] [Table 1]

[0143] [Table 2]

[0144] As mentioned above, the 68 kg mixture of solid heat transfer medium M3 (cement clinker raw material) and combustible waste R1 introduced at the start of Table 2 is the remaining portion of 100 kg set aside for cement clinker production from the 168 kg mixture of solid heat transfer medium M3 and combustible waste R1 separated and recovered by the wind sorting device in Table 1.

[0145] Of the 168 kg mixture of solid heat transfer medium M3 and combustible waste R1 separated and recovered using a circulating air separator, 100 kg was set aside for cement clinker production and fired as a raw material. The combustible waste R1 (lightweight portion) contained in the mixture was burned and cement clinker was fired without any problems. Furthermore, no metal particles derived from ASR were found in the cement clinker.

[0146] Furthermore, visual inspection of the 18.5 kg of lighter material separated and recovered by the cyclone classifier confirmed that no metals or cement clinker raw materials derived from ASR were present. [Explanation of symbols]

[0147] 1: Waste treatment facility 2: Waste heating equipment 3: Separation device 4: Heat medium heating device 11: Post-processing device 31: Crusher 32:First separator 33:Second separator 34:Third separator 35:Fourth separator 36:Fifth separator 41: Piping 42: Piping 61:Thermometer 62: Thermometer 71: First entrance 72:Second introduction port 73: Outlet 74: Exhaust port 80: Cement manufacturing facilities 81: Cyclone 82: Cyclone 83: Cyclone 84: Cement kiln 85: Clinker cooler

Claims

1. (a) supplying a heated solid heat transfer medium into a storage area physically separated by a wall; (b) supplying waste to be treated, which is a mixture of combustible waste and non-combustible waste, into the storage area; After the steps (a) and (b), a step (c) is performed in which the solid heat transfer medium and the waste to be treated are allowed to remain in the storage area for a predetermined period of time, thereby heating the waste to be treated in a non-combustion manner using the sensible heat of the solid heat transfer medium, thereby embrittling or carbonizing the waste to be treated; After the step (c), a step (d) is included in which the waste to be treated is separated into the combustible waste and the non-combustible waste; The step (d) a step (d1) of removing the mixture of the waste to be treated and the solid heat transfer medium to the outside of the storage area after the step (c) is performed; and a step (d2) of separating the mixture taken out in the step (d1) in multiple stages based on differences in specific gravity, A waste treatment method, characterized in that after the step (d2), the mixture is separated into the combustible waste, the non-combustible waste, and the solid heat transfer medium.

2. a step (e) of applying an impact to the waste to be treated obtained after the step (c), 2. The waste treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the step (d) is carried out after the step (e).

3. 3. The waste treatment method according to claim 1, wherein step (c) includes a step of stirring the contents of the storage area.

4. 3. The waste disposal method according to claim 1, further comprising a step (f) of recovering flammable gas generated by the execution of the step (c) through an exhaust port provided in the storage area.

5. 3. The waste treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the solid heat transfer medium supplied into the storage area in the step (a) is 300°C to 1,400°C.

6. 3. The waste treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the solid heat transfer medium supplied into the containing area in the step (a) is one or more selected from the group consisting of sand, gravel, silica stone, limestone, calcium oxide, fly ash, slag, glass, alumina, zirconia, aluminum nitride, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, forsterite, steatite, cordierite, sialon, mullite, iron balls, steel balls, refractory metal balls, cement clinker raw materials, cement clinker dust, cement clinker, refractory bricks, and refractory brick chips.

7. A step (g) of heating the solid heat transfer medium separated in the step (d2), 3. The waste treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the step (a) includes a step of supplying the solid heat transfer medium heated in the step (g) into the storage area.

8. and a step (f) of recovering the flammable gas generated by the execution of the step (c) through an exhaust port provided in the storage area, 8. The waste treatment method according to claim 7, wherein the step (g) is a step of heating the solid heat transfer medium separated in the step (d2) by burning the combustible gas recovered in the step (f).

9. 3. The waste treatment method according to claim 1, further comprising a step (h) of supplying the solid heat transfer medium separated in the step (d2) to a cement kiln together with cement clinker raw materials.

10. a waste heating device including a storage area covered by a wall, a first inlet for introducing waste to be treated, which is a mixture of combustible waste and non-combustible waste, into the storage area, and a second inlet for introducing a heated solid heat transfer medium into the storage area, the waste heating device heating the waste to be treated by a non-combustion method utilizing the sensible heat of the solid heat transfer medium; a separation device that separates a mixture of the waste to be treated heated in the waste heating device and the solid heat transfer medium used for heating into the combustible waste, the non-combustible waste, and the solid heat transfer medium; a heat medium heating device that heats the solid heat medium separated by the separation device, The separation device includes a plurality of units that separate objects to be separated in multiple stages based on differences in specific gravity, The solid heat transfer medium heated by the heat transfer medium heating device is supplied to the waste heating device through the second inlet.

11. The waste treatment facility described in claim 10, characterized in that the separation device includes a crusher that applies an impact to the waste to be treated that has been heated by the waste heating device, and separates the waste to be treated after the impact has been applied by the crusher into the combustible waste and the non-combustible waste.

12. 12. The waste treatment facility according to claim 10, wherein the waste heating device has an agitation unit that agitates the waste in the storage area.

13. the waste heating device has an exhaust port for discharging gas from within the storage area; the waste treatment facility has a pipe connecting the exhaust port and the heat medium heating device, The heat medium heating device is The waste heating device is configured such that flammable gas generated by heating the waste to be treated in the waste heating device is introduced from the exhaust port through the piping, 12. The waste treatment facility according to claim 10, wherein the solid heat transfer medium is heated by burning the flammable gas.

14. 12. The waste treatment facility according to claim 10, wherein, among the plurality of units constituting the separation device, a specific unit that separates the solid heat transfer medium is connected to a cement kiln that burns cement clinker raw materials.

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