Method for treating rice seeds with improved retention of pesticides, micronutrients and colorants - Patent Application 20070122999

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for preparing coated rice seeds, in which a seed coating agent is at least partially applied to the surface of dry rice seeds, a method for protecting the coated rice seeds and the emerging seedlings of rice plants against fungal diseases and / or pests before planting.Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for increasing the content of micronutrients in seeds by including said micronutrients in the form of their salts in the coating agent.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This application claims priority from European Patent Application No. 21153954.9 filed on January 28, 2021, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference for all purposes.

[0002] The present invention relates to a method for preparing coated rice seeds, in which a seed coating agent is at least partially applied to the surface of dried rice seeds, a method for protecting the coated rice seeds and the emerging seedlings of rice plants against fungal diseases and / or pests before planting, and a method for increasing the content of micronutrients in seeds by including said micronutrients in the form of their salts in the coating agent.

[0003] Preventive disease treatments for transplanted rice and / or to control animal pests are known, in which pesticides are sprayed or granules are applied to rice paddies or nursery boxes. However, such application of pesticides to the entire rice paddy to prevent rice diseases and / or control animal pests after transplanting into the rice paddy has problems such as requiring large amounts of pesticide or the effect of the pesticide not lasting long. Even if the amount of pesticide can be reduced when spraying or applying granular pesticides to nursery boxes compared to in rice paddies, in some cases the amount of pesticide used is still large and the effect is not long-lasting.

[0004] Furthermore, zinc is an essential micronutrient for the normal growth, development, and health of plants and humans. It is now known that zinc deficiency in large areas of agricultural land causes serious declines in crop productivity and nutritional quality of food crops. Furthermore, in many countries, zinc deficiency is unrecognized, underestimated, and unaddressed. Therefore, there is an urgent need to understand and address zinc deficiency in these countries to benefit both crop production and human health. Zinc is also particularly important for better tolerance of crops under various stress factors, such as drought, heat, and salinity. The application of zinc fertilizer to soil and / or plant foliage provides a simple and highly effective solution to the problem of zinc deficiency in crops and increases the zinc concentration of food. This strategy would significantly prevent unnecessary declines in food production and help improve public health. For example, fortifying rice and wheat grains with zinc could save the lives of up to 48,000 children annually in India.

[0005] For millions of people worldwide, a few extra milligrams of zinc each day can make the difference between disease or death and a healthy, fulfilling life. By ensuring that crops have adequate zinc supplies, we can contribute to addressing this global challenge by providing significant health, social, and economic benefits (see also Zinc Fertilizer Brochure 2009, published by the International Zinc Association IFA; Comparative Quantification / Global and Regional Burden of Diseases Attributable to Selected Major Risk Factors of Health Risks, Ezzati, Lopez, Rodgers, Murray (eds.), Chapter 5 - Zinc Deficiency, WHO, 2004).

[0006] Zinc is essential for the normal, healthy growth and reproduction of plants, animals, and humans. Inadequate supplies of zinc available to plants impair crop yield and the quality of crop products. In plants, zinc plays a key role as a component or regulatory cofactor of a wide variety of enzymes and proteins in many important biochemical pathways. When zinc is insufficiently supplied to plants, its physiological functions cannot function properly, and plant growth is therefore adversely impaired. This can result in visible symptoms of stress within the plant, which vary depending on the species and may include stunting (reduced height), interveinal chlorosis (yellowing of leaves between the veins), bronzing of chlorotic leaves, small, abnormally shaped leaves, and / or stunted leaf growth and rosetting (when leaves form whorls on shortened stems). So-called hidden deficiency, which does not have obvious visible symptoms, may cause a 20% reduction in plant yield. Zinc-deficient soils that cause hidden deficiencies can result in considerable financial losses to farmers. Therefore, it is necessary to identify zinc-deficient soils as early as possible through soil testing or crop analysis. Once identified, zinc-deficient soils can be easily treated with zinc fertilizer, where zinc sulfate is by far the most widely used fertilizer, to provide an adequate supply of zinc to the crop (Zinc in Soils and Crop Nutrition by BJAlloway, 2014). nd Ed. Brussels, Paris, 2008).

[0007] Rice seeds may be soaked and incubated before sowing. To protect rice seeds, pesticides, especially fungicides, may be added to the soaking water or directly to the seeds after soaking or after germination before transplanting (JP Patent Publication Nos. 9-224424, 11-28006, and 11-049612). However, this method is not always satisfactory because the pesticides used may not be retained on the seeds in sufficient concentration and are washed off after incubation or transplanting, respectively, resulting in insufficient disease or pest protection.

[0008] It is understood that when zinc is referenced in this invention, it is meant not as a pure metal, but in the form of its cations in its salts and oxides.

[0009] For example, EP 1078563 B1 describes the low-temperature application of seed coating compositions where the seeds are coated with a coating composition comprising a polymer and at least one active ingredient. These compositions may be used for direct sowing of rice seeds, but are not suitable for rice seeds where the rice seeds must first be soaked and incubated before sowing due to washing off of the coating agent.

[0010] In WO 2016 / 055439, polymer coatings are described with improved retention of the active ingredient in the coating. However, as previously shown, the retention of the active ingredient and colorant still needs improvement, as the seeds show a significant loss of coloration of the colorant and possibly the active ingredient after soaking in steeping water. Furthermore, the polymers do not exhibit sufficient fluidity / viscosity, especially under cooling conditions, and therefore application and coating are difficult.

[0011] It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a method for preventing disease and / or controlling animal pests in transplanted rice that improves these disadvantages and significantly reduces the amount of pesticide leaching from the coating compared to that used in conventional nursery box treatments or other polymer coatings known in the art, and that is simpler, less expensive, and has a long residual effect in paddy fields. A further object of the present invention is to improve zinc absorption into seeds, resulting in healthier plants and healthier foods that provide additional zinc when consumed.

[0012] Through specialized testing to solve the above problems, the inventors Copolymers of butyl acrylate and 1,4-diethenylbenzene and styrene (copolymers of 2-propenoic acid, butyl ester, 1,4-diethenylbenzene and ethenylbenzene), and Copolymer of butyl acrylate and styrene (copolymer with 2-propenoic acid, butyl ester, ethenylbenzene), By treating rice seeds with a mixture of copolymers consisting of Rice seeds coated with at least one pesticide can be obtained, which can be immersed in water and incubated without substantially washing off the pesticide. We have discovered that...

[0013] Furthermore, it has been found that when zinc is added to the coating agent in the form of its salt or oxide, the content of zinc in the seeds increases.

[0014] It has also been found that pesticide to colorant, which is a common practice in the art for labeling and identifying specific treated seeds and corresponding pesticides, when immersed, exhibits better retention due to the improved coating according to the present invention.

[0015] Additionally, the coating composition has been found to be stable, especially at low temperatures, and to have a lower viscosity, making the coating easier to handle and apply and to dose.

[0016] It has been unexpectedly found that the copolymer mixture is sufficiently water permeable so that soaking and incubation is not hindered, resulting in an improved germination rate compared to the polymers disclosed in WO 2016 / 055439, while showing little or no reduction in germination rate compared to untreated rice seeds. At the same time, the copolymer mixture is not dissolved in the soaking water and can serve as a matrix or substrate for, for example, agrochemical active ingredients.

[0017] Therefore, a first embodiment of the present invention is a method for preparing coated rice seeds, wherein a seed coating agent is at least partially applied to the surface of dry rice seeds, characterized in that the seed coating agent comprises a mixture of copolymers consisting of a copolymer of butyl acrylate and 1,4-diethenylbenzene and styrene, and a copolymer of butyl acrylate and styrene (copolymer with 2-propenoic acid, butyl ester, ethenylbenzene), and at least one pesticide.

[0018] A second embodiment of the present invention is a method for preparing coated rice seeds, wherein a seed coating agent is at least partially applied to the surface of dry rice seeds, the seed coating agent comprising a mixture of copolymers consisting of a copolymer of butyl acrylate and 1,4-diethenylbenzene and styrene, and a copolymer of butyl acrylate and styrene (copolymer with 2-propenoic acid, butyl ester, ethenylbenzene), at least one pesticide, and at least one zinc salt or zinc oxide.

[0019] In a third embodiment, the coating agent further contains, together with a colorant, optionally other adjuvants suitable in coating agents.

[0020] A fourth embodiment is directed to a seed coating agent comprising a mixture of copolymers consisting of butyl acrylate and a copolymer of 1,4-diethenylbenzene and styrene, and a copolymer of butyl acrylate and styrene (copolymer with 2-propenoic acid, butyl ester, ethenylbenzene), and at least one pesticide.

[0021] In a fifth embodiment, the seed coating agent described above also further contains a zinc salt or oxide and optionally a colorant and further coating adjuvants, in a preferred embodiment the colorant is essential.

[0022] In the present invention, the term "copolymer" is used for any polymer containing two or more different monomers. In particular, polymers containing two or three different monomers are also considered "copolymers" according to the present invention.

[0023] The term "dried rice seeds" means rice in a form suitable for storage for later use as seeds. The rice seeds may have a residual water content typical for rice seeds, for example, 20% by weight or less, in particular 15% by weight or less, preferably 14% by weight or less. The water content can be determined by a typical moisture analyzer for cereals, such as a Pfeuffer HE50, or by titration according to the Karl Fischer method.

[0024] The seeds can be coated once or several times, while the coating layers may have the same or different compositions. For example, an inner coating layer may comprise a copolymer mixture and at least one fungicide, while a subsequent outer layer may comprise at least one insecticide, optionally together with a binder, such as any suitable type of polymeric binder, or a copolymer mixture according to the present invention.

[0025] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first copolymer comprises at least the following monomers: a) butyl acrylate, b) Styrene and 1,4-diethenylbenzene It is prepared by reacting

[0026] These monomers are preferably 45 to 65% by weight, in particular 50 to 70% by weight, preferably 55 to 65% by weight, of butyl acrylate; 35 to 55% by weight, in particular 30 to 50% by weight, preferably 35 to 45% by weight of styrene and 1,4-diethenylbenzene may be present in an amount of

[0027] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second copolymer comprises at least the following monomers: a) butyl acrylate, and b) Styrene It is prepared by reacting

[0028] These monomers are preferably 35 to 65% by weight, in particular 40 to 60% by weight, preferably 45 to 55% by weight, of butyl acrylate; 35 to 65% by weight, in particular 40 to 60% by weight, preferably 45 to 55% by weight of styrene may be present in an amount of

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, the copolymer consists solely of the monomers as described above.

[0030] Copolymer of butyl acrylate and 1,4-diethenylbenzene and styrene is referred to as CAS No. 57516-68-4. Copolymer of butyl acrylate and styrene is referred to as CAS No. 25767-47-9.

[0031] Such copolymer mixtures are advantageous because they can effectively prevent pesticides from washing off from seeds during soaking and incubation, while still being sufficiently water-permeable. Furthermore, when such copolymer mixtures are used as water-based dispersions, most pesticides can be added and mixed to obtain stable dispersions, which makes further processing, i.e., seed coating, easier to handle. Finally, copolymers with the above amounts of monomers provide adhesion at room temperature, which is advantageous for fixing the coating agent to the seeds.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment, the copolymer is acrylic acid free.

[0033] The copolymers used in the process of the present invention can be prepared by any method known to those skilled in the art. In particular, the copolymers can be prepared by radical emulsion polymerization, simply by way of example. The emulsions can be prepared using standard emulsion polymerization routes under pressure, which are widely used in the production of copolymers incorporating gaseous monomers such as ethylene. The emulsions can be prepared using batch, semi-batch, or continuous feed batch techniques (all three of which are used commercially).

[0034] The copolymers used in the present invention may have a glass transition temperature Tg of -100 to 20°C, measured by dynamic differential scanning calorimetry according to DIN 53 765, with a heating rate of 20 K / min and definition of Tg as the midpoint temperature using the tangent method and nitrogen as the inert gas, in particular -60 to 20°C, preferably -10°C or lower, more preferably -20°C or lower. Particularly preferred are Tg's of -60 to 0°C, -60 to -20°C or -60 to -40°C. This is advantageous because the copolymer remains elastic and therefore adhesive under normal storage temperature conditions for rice seeds, thereby achieving good fixation of the coating agent and preventing peeling of the coating agent.

[0035] The copolymer may be applied to the seeds in any form known to those skilled in the art, preferably in the form of a dispersion. A water-based dispersion is preferred because there is no need to fear the negative effects of solvents on germination rate. The rice seeds may be dried after the coating is applied. This can be achieved at room temperature or at a slightly elevated temperature, for example, 30°C or 35°C. Techniques such as blown hot air or spray drying may also be used. In an alternative embodiment, the rice seeds are not dried.

[0036] To obtain the desired coating thickness, the coating may be repeated one or several times, with a drying step after each coating step, until the desired coating thickness is achieved. The additional coating layers may not contain any additional pesticides and therefore function as protective layers.

[0037] In one embodiment, the copolymer of butyl acrylate and 1,4-diethenylbenzene and styrene of the present invention may have a weight average molecular weight Mw in the range of 400,000 to 800,000 g / mol, preferably 500,000 to 700,000 g / mol, and more preferably 550,000 to 650,000 g / mol.

[0038] In one embodiment, the copolymer of butyl acrylate and styrene of the present invention may have a weight average molecular weight Mw in the range of 25,000 to 125,000 g / mol, preferably 30,000 to 100,000 g / mol, and more preferably 40,000 to 80,000 g / mol.

[0039] In one particular embodiment, the copolymer of butyl acrylate and 1,4-diethenylbenzene and styrene of the present invention may have a weight average molecular weight Mw in the range of 400,000 to 800,000 g / mol, preferably 500,000 to 700,000 g / mol, and more preferably 550,000 to 650,000 g / mol, and the monomers may preferably be present in an amount of 45 to 65 wt.%, particularly 50 to 70 wt.%, preferably 55 to 65 wt.% butyl acrylate; and 35 to 55 wt.%, particularly 30 to 50 wt.%, preferably 35 to 45 wt.% styrene and 1,4-diethenylbenzene.

[0040] In one particular embodiment, the copolymer of butyl acrylate and styrene of the present invention may have a weight average molecular weight Mw in the range of 25,000 to 125,000 g / mol, preferably 30,000 to 100,000 g / mol, and more preferably 40,000 to 80,000 g / mol, and the monomers may preferably be present in an amount of 35 to 65 wt.%, in particular 40 to 60 wt.%, preferably 45 to 55 wt.% butyl acrylate; 35 to 65 wt.%, in particular 40 to 60 wt.%, preferably 45 to 55 wt.% styrene.

[0041] The weight average molecular weight Mw may be determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) in THF (tetrahydrofuran) as a solvent and polystyrene as a standard. Unless otherwise specified in the present invention, Mw was measured by this method.

[0042] The ratio of the first polymer to the second polymer may be in the range of 3:1 to 1:3, preferably in the range of 2:1 to 1:2, more preferably in the range of 1.5:1 to 1:1.5, and most preferably 1:1.

[0043] The dispersion may have a solids content of 30 to 80% by weight, in particular 50 to 70% by weight, preferably 55 to 65% by weight, measured, for example, at 130° C. for 30 minutes according to DIN EN ISO 3251. When using dispersions with such solids contents, it is preferred that the dosage of the dispersion in the total coating formulation containing the pesticide is 1 to 20% by weight, more preferably 2 to 15% by weight, most preferably 3 to 12% by weight.

[0044] To improve the film-forming properties, it is advantageous for the dispersion to have a minimum film-forming temperature of >=0°C, measured according to DIN ISO2115.

[0045] According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dispersion is largely free of plasticizers and / or non-ionic detergents, in particular largely free of alkylphenol ethoxylates. This is advantageous because the copolymers of the present invention can be provided as water-based dispersions without the need to add the aforementioned additives that may cause environmental problems. This applies in particular to non-ionic detergents, in particular alkylphenol ethoxylates.

[0046] Any pesticide can be used to provide a coating in connection with the present invention, and may be selected from the group comprising insecticides, fungicides, bactericides, antivirals, acaricides, molluscicides, nematicides, ovicides, repellents, rodenticides, herbicides, safeners, fertilizers, biological agents, or mixtures thereof.

[0047] Pesticides, or hereinafter also referred to as "active ingredients" ("ai"), are identified herein by their "common names" which are known and are listed, for example, in the Pesticide Manual ("The Pesticide Manual", 14th Ed., British Crop Protection Council 2006) or can be searched on the internet (e.g., http: / / www.alanwood.net / pesticides).

[0048] Where compound (A) or compound (B) can exist in tautomeric forms, it is understood above or below that such compounds also include, where applicable, the corresponding tautomeric forms, even if these are not specified in each case. 1) Inhibitors of ergosterol biosynthesis, for example: (1.001) cyproconazole, (1.002) difenoconazole, (1.003) epoxiconazole, (1.004) fenhexamid, (1.005) fenpropidin, (1.006) fenpropimorph, (1.007) fenpyrazamine, (1.008) fluquinconazole, (1.009) flutriafol, (1.010) imazalil, (1.011) imazalil sulfate, (1.012) ipconazole, (1.013) metconazole, (1.014) ) Myclobutanil, (1.015) Paclobutrazol, (1.016) Prochloraz, (1.017) Propiconazole, (1.018) Prothioconazole, (1.019) Pyrizoxazole, (1.020) Spiroxamine, (1.021) Tebuconazole, (1.022) Tetraconazole, (1.023) Triadimenol, (1.024) Tridemorph, (1.025) Triticonazole, (1.026) (1R,2S,5S)-5-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-(chloromethyl)-2-methyl-1-(1H -1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)cyclopentanol, (1.027) (1S,2R,5R)-5-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-(chloromethyl)-2-methyl-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)cyclopentanol, (1.028) (2R)-2-(1-chlorocyclopropyl)-4-[(1R)-2,2-dichlorocyclopropyl]-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)butan-2-ol, (1.029) (2R)-2-(1-chlorocyclopropyl) -4-[(1S)-2,2-dichlorocyclopropyl]-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)butan-2-ol, (1.030)(2R)-2-[4-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)propan-2-ol, (1.031)(2S)-2-(1-chlorocyclopropyl)-4-[(1R)-2,2-dichlorocyclopropyl]-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)butan-2-ol, (1.032) (2S)-2-(1-chlorocyclopropyl)-4-[(1S)-2,2-dichlorocyclopropyl]-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)butan-2-ol, (1.033) (2S)-2-[4-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)propan-2-ol, (1.034) (R)-[3-(4-chloro-2-fluorophenyl)-5-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1,2-oxazol-4-yl](pyridin-3- (1.035) (S)-[3-(4-chloro-2-fluorophenyl)-5-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1,2-oxazol-4-yl](pyridin-3-yl)methanol, (1.036) [3-(4-chloro-2-fluorophenyl)-5-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1,2-oxazol-4-yl](pyridin-3-yl)methanol, (1.037) 1-({(2R,4S)-2-[2-chloro-4-(4-chlorophenoxy)phenyl]-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl}methyl (1.038) 1-({(2S,4S)-2-[2-chloro-4-(4-chlorophenoxy)phenyl]-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl}methyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole, (1.039) 1-{[3-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)oxiran-2-yl]methyl}-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl thiocyanate, (1.040) 1-{[(2R,3R)-3-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)oxiran-2-yl]methyl}-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl thiocyanate (1.041) 1-{[(2R,3S)-3-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)oxiran-2-yl]methyl}-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl thiocyanate, (1.042) 2-[(2R,4R,5R)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylheptan-4-yl]-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thione, (1.043) 2-[(2R,4R,5S)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylheptan-4-yl]-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thione, (1.044) 2-[(2R,4S,5R)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylheptan-4-yl]-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thione, (1.045) 2-[(2R,4S,5S)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl) )-5-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylheptan-4-yl]-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thione, (1.046) 2-[(2S,4R,5R)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylheptan-4-yl]-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thione, (1.047) 2-[(2S,4R,5S)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylheptan-4-yl]-2 ,4-Dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thione, (1.048) 2-[(2S,4S,5R)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylheptan-4-yl]-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thione, (1.049) 2-[(2S,4S,5S)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylheptan-4-yl]-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thione, (1. 050) 2-[1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylheptan-4-yl]-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thione, (1.051) 2-[2-chloro-4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenyl]-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)propan-2-ol, (1.052) 2-[2-chloro-4-(4-chlorophenoxy)phenyl]-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)butan-2-ol, (1.053) 2-[4-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)butan-2-ol, (1.054) 2-[4-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)pentan-2-ol, (1.055) Mefentrifluconazole, (1.056) 2-{[3-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)oxiran-2-yl]methyl}-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2 ,4-triazole-3-thione, (1.057) 2-{[rel(2R,3R)-3-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)oxiran-2-yl]methyl}-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thione, (1.058) 2-{[rel(2R,3S)-3-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)oxiran-2-yl]methyl}-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thione, (1.059) 5-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-(chloromethyl)-2- Methyl-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)cyclopentanol, (1.060) 5-(allylsulfanyl)-1-{[3-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)oxiran-2-yl]methyl}-1H-1,2,4-triazole, (1.061) 5-(allylsulfanyl)-1-{[(2R,3R)-3-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)oxiran-2-yl]methyl}-1H-1,2,4-triazole, (1.062) 5-(allylsulfanyl)- 1-{[(2R,3S)-3-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)oxiran-2-yl]methyl}-1H-1,2,4-triazole, (1.063) N'-(2,5-dimethyl-4-{[3-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy)phenyl]sulfanyl}phenyl)-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide, (1.064) N'-(2,5-dimethyl-4-{[3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)phenyl]sulfanyl}phenyl)-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide, (1.065) N'-(2,5-dimethyl-4-{[3-(2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropoxy)phenyl]sulfanyl}phenyl)-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide, (1.066) N'-(2,5-dimethyl-4-{[3-(pentafluoroethoxy)phenyl]sulfanyl}phenyl)-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide, (1.067) N'-(2,5-dimethyl-4-{3-[(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl)sulfanyl]phenoxy}phenyl)-N-ethyl-N-methyl Imidoformamide, (1.068) N'-(2,5-dimethyl-4-{3-[(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)sulfanyl]phenoxy}phenyl)-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide, (1.069) N'-(2,5-dimethyl-4-{3-[(2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl)sulfanyl]phenoxy}phenyl)-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide, (1.070) N'-(2,5-dimethyl-4-{3-[(pentafluoroethyl)sulfanyl]phenoxy}phenyl)-N -ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide, (1.071) N'-(2,5-dimethyl-4-phenoxyphenyl)-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide, (1.072) N'-(4-{[3-(difluoromethoxy)phenyl]sulfanyl}-2,5-dimethylphenyl)-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide, (1.073) N'-(4-{3-[(difluoromethyl)sulfanyl]phenoxy}-2,5-dimethylphenyl)-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide, (1.074) N'-[5 -bromo-6-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-yloxy)-2-methylpyridin-3-yl]-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide, (1.075) N'-{4-[(4,5-dichloro-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)oxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide, (1.076) N'-{5-bromo-6-[(1R)-1-(3,5-difluorophenyl)ethoxy]-2-methylpyridin-3-yl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide, (1.077) N'-{5-bromo-6-[(1S)-1-(3,5-difluorophenyl)ethoxy]-2-methylpyridin-3-yl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide, (1.078) N'-{5-bromo-6-[(cis-4-isopropylcyclohexyl)oxy]-2-methylpyridin-3-yl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide, (1.079) N'-{5-bromo-6-[(trans-4-isopropylcyclohexyl)oxy]-2-methylpyridin-3-yl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide, (1.080) N'-{5-bromo-6-[1-(3,5-difluorophenyl)ethoxy]-2-. Methylpyridin-3-yl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide, (1.081) Ipfentrifluconazole, (1.082) 2-[4-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)propan-2-ol, (1.083) 2-[6-(4-bromophenoxy)-2-(trifluoromethyl)-3 -pyridyl]-1-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)propan-2-ol, (1.084) 2-[6-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-(trifluoromethyl)-3-pyridyl]-1-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)propan-2-ol, (1.085) 3-[2-(1-chlorocyclopropyl)-3-(3-chloro-2-fluoro-phenyl)-2-hydroxy-propan-2-ol, propyl]imidazole-4-carbonitrile, (1.086) 4-[[6-[rac-(2R)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1,1-difluoro-2-hydroxy-3-(5-thioxo-4H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)propyl]-3-pyridyl]oxy]benzonitrile, (1.087) N-isopropyl-N'-[5-methoxy-2-methyl-4-(2,2, 2-trifluoro-1-hydroxy-1-phenylethyl)phenyl]-N-methylimidoformamide, (1.088) N'-{5-bromo-2-methyl-6-[(1-propoxypropan-2-yl)oxy]pyridin-3-yl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide, (1.089) hexaconazole, (1.090) penconazole, (1.091) fenbuconazole. 2) Inhibitors of the respiratory chain at complex I or II, such as (2.001) benzovindiflupyr, (2.002) bixafen, (2.003) boscalid, (2.004) carboxin, (2.005) fluopyram, (2.006) flutolanil, (2.007) fluxapyroxad, (2.008) furametpyr, (2.009) isofetamide, (2.010) isopyrazam (anti-epimer enantiomer 1R,4S,9S), (2.011) isopyrazam (anti-epimer enantiomer 1S,4R,9R), (2.012) isopyrazam (anti-epimer racemic compound (2.013) Isopyrazam (mixture of syn-epimer racemates 1RS, 4SR, 9RS and anti-epimer racemates 1RS, 4SR, 9SR), (2.014) Isopyrazam (syn-epimer enantiomers 1R, 4S, 9R), (2.015) Isopyrazam (syn-epimer enantiomers 1S, 4R, 9S), (2.016) Isopyrazam (syn-epimer racemates 1RS, 4SR, 9RS), (2.017) Penflufen, (2.018) Penthiopyrad, (2.019) Pydiflumetofen, (2.020) Pydiflumetofen Radiflumide, (2.021) Sedaxane, (2.022) 1,3-dimethyl-N-(1,1,3-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-4-yl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.023) 1,3-dimethyl-N-[(3R)-1,1,3-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-4-yl]-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.024) 1,3-dimethyl-N-[(3S)-1,1,3-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-4-yl]-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.025) 1-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-N-[2'-(trifluoromethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.026) 2-fluoro-6-(trifluoromethyl)-N-(1,1,3-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-4-yl)benzamide, (2.027) 3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-N-(1,1,3-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-4-yl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.028) Inpirfluxam, (2.029) 3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-N-[(3S)-1,1,3-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-4-yl]-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.030) Fluindapyr, (2.031) 3-(difluoromethyl)-N-[(3R)-7-fluoro-1,1,3-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-4-yl]-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.032) 3-(difluoromethyl)-N-[(3S)-7-fluoro-1,1 ,3-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-4-yl]-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.033) 5,8-difluoro-N-[2-(2-fluoro-4-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl]oxy}phenyl)ethyl]quinazolin-4-amine, (2.034) N-(2-cyclopentyl-5-fluorobenzyl)-N-cyclopropyl-3-(difluoromethyl)-5-fluoro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.035) N -(2-tert-butyl-5-methylbenzyl)-N-cyclopropyl-3-(difluoromethyl)-5-fluoro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.036) N-(2-tert-butylbenzyl)-N-cyclopropyl-3-(difluoromethyl)-5-fluoro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.037) N-(5-chloro-2-ethylbenzyl)-N-cyclopropyl-3-(difluoromethyl)-5-fluoro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4 -carboxamide, (2.038) isoflucipram, (2.039) N-[(1R,4S)-9-(dichloromethylene)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,4-methanonaphthalen-5-yl]-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.040) N-[(1S,4R)-9-(dichloromethylene)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,4-methanonaphthalen-5-yl]-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.041) N-[1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methoxypropan-2-yl]-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.042) N-[2-chloro-6-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]-N-cyclopropyl-3-(difluoromethyl)-5-fluoro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.043) N-[3-chloro-2-fluoro-6-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]-N-cyclopropyl-3-(difluoromethyl)-5- Fluoro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.044) N-[5-chloro-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]-N-cyclopropyl-3-(difluoromethyl)-5-fluoro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.045) N-cyclopropyl-3-(difluoromethyl)-5-fluoro-1-methyl-N-[5-methyl-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.046) N-cyclopropyl-3-(difluoromethyl) (2.047) N-cyclopropyl-3-(difluoromethyl)-5-fluoro-N-(2-isopropyl-5-methylbenzyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.048) N-cyclopropyl-3-(difluoromethyl)-5-fluoro-N-(2-isopropylbenzyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbothioamide, (2.049) N-cyclopropyl Pyr-3-(difluoromethyl)-5-fluoro-N-(2-isopropylbenzyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.050) N-cyclopropyl-3-(difluoromethyl)-5-fluoro-N-(5-fluoro-2-isopropylbenzyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.051) N-cyclopropyl-3-(difluoromethyl)-N-(2-ethyl-4,5-dimethylbenzyl)-5-fluoro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.052) N-cyclopropyl-3-(difluoromethyl)-N-(2-ethyl-5-fluorobenzyl)-5-fluoro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.053) N-cyclopropyl-3-(difluoromethyl)-N-(2-ethyl-5-methylbenzyl)-5-fluoro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.054) N-cyclopropyl-N-(2-cyclopropyl-5-fluorobenzyl)-3-(difluoromethyl)-5-fluoro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.055) N-cyclopropyl-N-(2-cyclopropyl-5 -methylbenzyl)-3-(difluoromethyl)-5-fluoro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.056) N-cyclopropyl-N-(2-cyclopropylbenzyl)-3-(difluoromethyl)-5-fluoro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.057) pyrapropoin, (2.058) N-[rac-(1S,2S)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)cyclobutyl]-2-(trifluoromethyl)nicotinamide, (2.059) N-[(1S,2S)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)cyclobutyl]-2-(trifluoromethyl)nicotinamide. 3) Inhibitors of the respiratory chain at complex III, such as (3.001) ametoctrazine, (3.002) amisulbrom, (3.003) azoxystrobin, (3.004) methoxystrobin, (3.005) cumoxystrobin, (3.006) cyazofamid, (3.007) dimoxystrobin, (3.008) enoxastrobin, (3.009) famoxadone, (3.010) fenamidone, (3.011) flufenoxystrobin, (3.012) fluoxastrobin, (3.013) kresoxim-methyl. (3.014) metominostrobin, (3.015) orysastrobin, (3.016) picoxystrobin, (3.017) pyraclostrobin, (3.018) pyrametostrobin, (3.019) pyraoxystrobin, (3.020) trifloxystrobin, (3.021) (2E)-2-{2-[({[(1E)-1-(3-{[(E)-1-fluoro-2-phenylvinyl]oxy}phenyl)ethylidene]amino}oxy)methyl]phenyl}-2-(methoxyimino)-N-methylacetamide, (3.022) ( 2E,3Z)-5-{[1-(4-chlorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]oxy}-2-(methoxyimino)-N,3-dimethylpent-3-enamide, (3.023) (2R)-2-{2-[(2,5-dimethylphenoxy)methyl]phenyl}-2-methoxy-N-methylacetamide, (3.024) (2S)-2-{2-[(2,5-dimethylphenoxy)methyl]phenyl}-2-methoxy-N-methylacetamide, (3.025) fenpicoxamide, (3.026) mandestrobin, (3.027) N -(3-Ethyl-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexyl)-3-formamido-2-hydroxybenzamide, (3.028) (2E,3Z)-5-{[1-(4-chloro-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]oxy}-2-(methoxyimino)-N,3-dimethylpent-3-enamide, (3.029) Methyl {5-[3-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-methylbenzyl}carbamate, (3.030) Methyltetraprole, (3.031) Florylpicoxamide. 4) Inhibitors of mitosis and cell division, for example (4.001) carbendazim, (4.002) diethofencarb, (4.003) ethaboxam, (4.004) fluopicolide, (4.005) pencycuron, (4.006) thiabendazole, (4.007) thiophanate-methyl, (4.008) zoxamide, (4.009) pyridaclomethyl, (4.010) 3-chloro-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-6-methylpyridazine, (4.011) 3-chloro-5-(6-chloropyridine-3 -yl)-6-methyl-4-(2,4,6-trifluorophenyl)pyridazine, (4.012) 4-(2-bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-N-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine, (4.013) 4-(2-bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-N-(2-bromo-6-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine, (4.014) 4-(2-bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-N-(2-bromophenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine (4.015) 4-(2-bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-N-(2-chloro-6-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine, (4.016) 4-(2-bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-N-(2-chlorophenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine, (4.017) 4-(2-bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-N-(2-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine, (4.018) 4-(2-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-N-(2,6- difluorophenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine, (4.019) 4-(2-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-N-(2-chloro-6-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine, (4.020) 4-(2-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-N-(2-chlorophenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine, (4.021) 4-(2-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-N-(2-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine, (4.022) 4-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-3,6-dimethylpyridazine, (4.023) N-(2-bromo-6-fluorophenyl)-4-(2-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine, (4.024) N-(2-bromophenyl)-4-(2-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine, (4.025) N-(4-chloro-2,6-difluorophenyl)-4-(2-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine, (4.026) fluopimomide. 5) Compounds which may have multisite action, for example: (5.001) Bordeaux mixture, (5.002) captafol, (5.003) captan, (5.004) chlorothalonil, (5.005) copper hydroxide, (5.006) copper naphthenate, (5.007) copper oxide, (5.008) cupric oxychloride, (5.009) copper(2+) sulfate, (5.010) dithianon, (5.011) dodine, (5.012) folpet, (5.013) mancozeb, (5.014). Maneb, (5.015) metiram, (5.016) metiram zinc, (5.017) oxine copper, (5.018) propineb, (5.019) sulfur preparations containing sulfur and calcium polysulfide, (5.020) thiram, (5.021) zineb, (5.022) ziram, (5.023) 6-ethyl-5,7-dioxo-6,7-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3',4':5,6][1,4]dithiino[2,3-c][1,2]thiazole-3-carbonitrile. 6) Compounds capable of inducing host defense, such as (6.001) acibenzolar-S-methyl, (6.002) isotianil, (6.003) probenazole, (6.004) tiadinil. 7) Inhibitors of amino acid and / or protein biosynthesis, for example (7.001) cyprodinil, (7.002) kasugamycin, (7.003) kasugamycin hydrochloride hydrate, (7.004) oxytetracycline, (7.005) pyrimethanil, (7.006) 3-(5-fluoro-3,3,4,4-tetramethyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-1-yl)quinoline. 8) Inhibitors of ATP production, for example (8.001) silthiofam. 9) Inhibitors of cell wall synthesis, for example (9.001) benthiavalicarb, (9.002) dimethomorph, (9.003) flumorph, (9.004) iprovalicarb, (9.005) mandipropamide, (9.006) pyrimorph, (9.007) valifenalate, (9.008) (2E)-3-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-3-(2-chloropyridin-4-yl)-1-(morpholin-4-yl)prop-2-en-1-one, (9.009) (2Z)-3-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-3-(2-chloropyridin-4-yl)-1-(morpholin-4-yl)prop-2-en-1-one. 10) Inhibitors of lipid and membrane synthesis, for example, (10.001) propamocarb, (10.002) propamocarb hydrochloride, (10.003) tolclofos methyl. 11) Inhibitors of melanin biosynthesis, for example, (11.001) tricyclazole, (11.002) tolprocarb. 12) Inhibitors of nucleic acid synthesis, for example (12.001) benalaxyl, (12.002) benalaxyl-M (chiralaxyl), (12.003) metalaxyl, (12.004) metalaxyl-M (mefenoxam). 13) Inhibitors of signal transduction, for example (13.001) fludioxonil, (13.002) iprodione, (13.003) procymidone, (13.004) proquinazide, (13.005) quinoxyfen, (13.006) vinclozolin. 14) Compounds which can act as uncouplers, for example (14.001) fluazinam, (14.002) meptyldinocap. 15) (15.001) Abscisic acid, (15.002) Benthazole, (15.003) Bethoxadin, (15.004) Capsimycin, (15.005) Carvone, (15.006) Chinomethionate, (15.007) Kufuraneb, (15.008) Cyflufenamid, (15.009) Cymoxanil, (15.010) Cyprosulfamide, (15.011) Flutianil, (15.012) Fosetyl aluminum, (15.013) Fosetyl calcium, (15.014) Fosetyl sodium, (15.015) Methyl isothiocyanate , (15.016) Metrafenone, (15.017) Mildiomycin, (15.018) Natamycin, (15.019) Nickel dimethyldithiocarbamate, (15.020) Nitrotarisopropyl, (15.021) Oxamocarb, (15.022) Oxathiapiproline, (15.023) Oxyfenthiin, (15.024) Pentachlorophenol and salts, (15.025) Phosphorous acid and its salts, (15.026) Propamocarb-fosetylate, (15.027) Pyriophenone (Clazafenone), (15.028) Teb Floquine, (15.029) Tecloftalam, (15.030) Tolnifanide, (15.031) 1-(4-{4-[(5R)-5-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl}piperidin-1-yl)-2-[5-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]ethanone, (15.032) 1-(4-{4-[(5S)-5-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl]-1,3-thiazol-2 -yl}piperidin-1-yl)-2-[5-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]ethanone, (15.033) 2-(6-benzylpyridin-2-yl)quinazoline, (15.034) dipimethitrone, (15.035) 2-[3,5-bis(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-1-[4-(4-{5-[2-(prop-2-yn-1-yloxy)phenyl]-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl}-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)piperidin-1-yl]ethanone, (15.036) 2-[3,5-bis(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-1-[4-(4-{5-[2-chloro-6-(prop-2-yn-1-yloxy)phenyl]-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl}-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)piperidin-1-yl]ethanone, (15.037) 2-[3,5-bis(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-1-[4-(4-{5-[2-fluoro-6-(prop-2-yn-1-yloxy)phenyl]-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl}-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)piperidin-1-yl]ethanone yl}-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)piperidin-1-yl]ethanone, (15.038) 2-[6-(3-fluoro-4-methoxyphenyl)-5-methylpyridin-2-yl]quinazoline, (15.039) 2-{(5R)-3-[2-(1-{[3,5-bis(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]acetyl}piperidin-4-yl)-1,3-thiazol-4-yl]-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-5-yl}-3-chlorophenyl methanesulfonate, (15.040) 2-{(5S)-3-[2-(1-{[ 3,5-bis(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]acetyl}piperidin-4-yl)-1,3-thiazol-4-yl]-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-5-yl}-3-chlorophenyl methanesulfonate, (15.041) Ipflufenoquin, (15.042) 2-{2-fluoro-6-[(8-fluoro-2-methylquinolin-3-yl)oxy]phenyl}propan-2-ol, (15.043) Fluoxapiproline, (15.044) 2-{3-[2-(1-{[3,5-bis(difluoromethyl)-1H -pyrazol-1-yl]acetyl}piperidin-4-yl)-1,3-thiazol-4-yl]-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-5-yl}phenylmethanesulfonate, (15.045) 2-phenylphenol and salts, (15.046) 3-(4,4,5-trifluoro-3,3-dimethyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-1-yl)quinoline, (15.047) quinofumeline, (15.048) 4-amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-2-ol (tautomeric form: 4-amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-2(1H)-one), (15.049) 4-oxo-4-[(2-phenylethyl)amino]butanoic acid, (15.050) 5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol, (15.051) 5-chloro-N'-phenyl-N'-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)thiophene-2-sulfonohydrazide, (15.052) 5-fluoro-2-[(4-fluorobenzyl)oxy]pyrimidin-4-amine, (15.053) 5-fluoro-2-[(4-methylbenzyl)oxy]pyrimidin-4-amine, (15.054) 9-fluoro-2,2- Dimethyl-5-(quinolin-3-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazepine, (15.055) but-3-yn-1-yl {6-[({[(Z)-(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)(phenyl)methylene]amino}oxy)methyl]pyridin-2-yl}carbamate, (15.056) ethyl (2Z)-3-amino-2-cyano-3-phenylacrylate, (15.057) phenazine-1-carboxylic acid, (15.058) propyl trihydroxybenzoate 3,4,5, (15.059) quino Lin-8-ol, (15.060) Quinolin-8-ol sulfate (2:1), (15.061) tert-butyl {6-[({[(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)(phenyl)methylene]amino}oxy)methyl]pyridin-2-yl}carbamate, (15.062) 5-fluoro-4-imino-3-methyl-1-[(4-methylphenyl)sulfonyl]-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one, (15.063) Aminopyrifen, (15.064) (N'-[2-chloro-4-(2-fluoro) (15.065) (N'-(2-chloro-5-methyl-4-phenoxyphenyl)-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide), (15.066) (2-{2-[(7,8-difluoro-2-methylquinolin-3-yl)oxy]-6-fluorophenyl}propan-2-ol), (15.067) (5-bromo-1-(5,6-dimethylpyridin-3-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline), (15.068) (3-(4,4-difluoro-5,5-dimethyl-4,5-dihydrothieno[2,3-c]pyridin-7-yl)quinoline), (15.069) (1-(4,5-dimethyl-1H-benzimidazol-1-yl)-4,4-difluoro-3,3-dimethyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline), (15.070) 8-fluoro-3-(5-fluoro-3,3-dimethyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-1-yl)quinolone, (15.071) 8-fluoro-3-(5-fluoro-3,3,4,4-tetramethyl- 3,4-Dihydroisoquinolin-1-yl)quinolone, (15.072) 3-(4,4-difluoro-3,3-dimethyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-1-yl)-8-fluoroquinoline, (15.073) (N-methyl-N-phenyl-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]benzamide), (15.074) methyl {4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl}carbamate, (15.075) (N-{4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl}carbamate (15.076) N-methyl-4-(5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]benzamide, (15.077) N-[(E)-methoxyiminomethyl]-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]benzamide, (15.078) N-[(Z)-methoxyiminomethyl]-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]benzamide diazol-3-yl]benzamide, (15.079) N-[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]-cyclopropane-carboxamide, (15.080) N-(2-fluorophenyl)-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]benzamide, (15.081) 2,2-difluoro-N-methyl-2-[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]-acetamide, (15.082) N-Allyl-N-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)phenyl]methyl]acetamide, (15.083) N-[(E)-N-Methoxy-C-methyl-carbonimidoyl]-4-(5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]-benzamide, (15.084) N-[(Z)-N-Methoxy-C-methyl-carbonimidoyl]-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]benzamide amide, (15.085) N-allyl-N-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]-methyl]-propanamide, (15.086) 4,4-dimethyl-1-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]-pyrrolidin-2-one, (15.087) N-methyl-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]-benzenecarbothioamide, (15.08 8) 5-Methyl-1-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]pyrrolidin-2-one, (15.089) N-((2,3-difluoro-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]-3,3,3-trifluoro-propanamide, (15.090) 1-Methoxy-1-methyl-3-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl}-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]-methyl N-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]urea, (15.091) 1,1-diethyl-3-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl}-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]urea, (15.092) N-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]propanamide, (15.093) N-methoxy-N-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]cyclopropanecarboxamide, (15.094). 1-Methoxy-3-methyl-1-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]urea, (15.095) N-Methoxy-N-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]-methyl)-cyclopropane-carboxamide, (15.096) N,2-Dimethoxy-N-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl}-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]-methyl]-propanamide, (15 .097) N-ethyl-2-methyl-N-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)phenyl]methyl]-propanamide, (15.098) 1-methoxy-3-methyl-1-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]-methyl]-urea, (15.099) 1,3-dimethoxy-1-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]urea, (15.100) 3-Ethyl-1-methoxy-1-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]urea, (15.101) 1-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]piperidin-2-one, (15.102) 4,4-dimethyl-2-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]isoxazolidin-3-one, (15.103) 5,5-di Methyl-2-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]isoxazolidin-3-one, (15.104) 3,3-dimethyl-1-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]-phenyl]-methyl]-piperidin-2-one, (15.105) 1-[[3-fluoro-4-(5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]-phenyl]-methyl]-azepan-2-one, (15.106) 4,4-Dimethyl-2-[[4-(5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]-phenyl]-methyl]isoxazolidin-3-one, (15.107) 5,5-Dimethyl-2-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]-phenyl]methyl]isoxazolidin-3-one, (15.108) Ethyl 1-{4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]benzyl}-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate (15.109) N,N-dimethyl-1-{4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]benzyl}-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-amine, (15.110) N-{2,3-difluoro-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]benzyl}butanamide, (15.111) N-(1-methylcyclopropyl)-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]benzamide, (15.112) N-( 2,4-Difluorophenyl)-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]benzamide, (15.113) 1-(5,6-dimethylpyridin-3-yl)-4,4-difluoro-3,3-dimethyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline, (15.114) 1-(6-(difluoromethyl)-5-methyl-pyridin-3-yl)-4,4-difluoro-3,3-dimethyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline, (15.115) 1-(5-(fluoromethyl)-6-methyl-pyridin-3-yl )-4,4-Difluoro-3,3-dimethyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline, (15.116) 1-(6-(difluoromethyl)-5-methoxy-pyridin-3-yl)-4,4-difluoro-3,3-dimethyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline, (15.117) 4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl dimethylcarbamate, (15.118) N-{4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl}propanamide, (15.119) 3-[2-(1-{[5-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]acetyl}piperidin-4-yl)-1,3-thiazol-4-yl]-1,5-dihydro-2,4-benzodioxepin-6-yl methanesulfonate, (15.120) 9-fluoro-3-[2-(1-{[5-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]acetyl}piperidin-4-yl)-1,3-thiazol-4-yl]-1, 5-Dihydro-2,4-benzodioxepin-6-yl methanesulfonate, (15.121) 3-[2-(1-{[3,5-bis(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]acetyl}piperidin-4-yl)-1,3-thiazol-4-yl]-1,5-dihydro-2,4-benzodioxepin-6-yl methanesulfonate, (15.122) 3-[2-(1-{[3,5-bis(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]acetyl}piperidin-4-yl) (15.122) 1-(6,7-dimethylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)-4,4-difluoro-3,3-dimethyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline, (15.123) 1-(6,7-dimethylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)-4,4-difluoro-3,3-dimethyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline, (15.124) 8-fluoro-N-(4,4,4-trifluoro-2-methyl-1-phenylbutan-2-yl)quinoline-3-carboxamide, (15.125) 1-(6,7-dimethylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)-4,4-difluoro-3,3-dimethyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline, (15.126) 1-(6,7-dimethylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)-4,4-difluoro-3,3-dimethyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline, (15.127) 1-(6,7-dimethylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)-4,4-difluoro-3,3-dimethyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline, (15.128) 1-(6,7-dimethylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)-4,4-difluoro-3,3-dimethyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline, (15.129) 1-(6,7-dimethylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)-4,4-difluoro-3,3-dimethyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline, (15.130) 1-(6,7-dimethylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl Further fungicides selected from the group consisting of 5.125) 8-fluoro-N-[(2S)-4,4,4-trifluoro-2-methyl-1-phenylbutan-2-yl]quinoline-3-carboxamide, (15.126) N-(2,4-dimethyl-1-phenylpentan-2-yl)-8-fluoroquinoline-3-carboxamide and (15.127) N-[(2S)-2,4-dimethyl-1-phenylpentan-2-yl]-8-fluoroquinoline-3-carboxamide.

[0049] All named mixing partners of classes (1) to (15) can optionally form salts with suitable bases or acids, in particular in the form of biologically acceptable salts such as sodium, potassium, ammonium, etc., if their functional groups allow this.

[0050] With regard to insecticides, acaricides and nematicides, the following substances may be used: 1) Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors, for example carbamates such as alanycarb, aldicarb, bendiocarb, benfuracarb, butocarboxim, butoxycarboxim, carbaryl, carbofuran, carbosulfan, ethiofencarb, fenobucarb, formetanate, furathiocarb, isoprocarb, methiocarb, methomyl, metolcarb, oxamyl, pirimicarb, propoxar, thiodicarb, thiofanox, triazamate, trimethacarb, XMC and xylylcarb or organophosphates such as acephate, azamethiphos, azinphos ethyl, azinphos methyl, cadusafos, chlorethoxyphos, chlorfenvinphos, chlormephos, chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos methyl, coumaphos, cyanophos, demeton-S-methyl, diazinon, dichlorvos / DDVP, dichlor Tophos, dimethoate, dimethylvinphos, disulfoton, EPN, ethion, ethoprophos, famfur, fenamiphos, fenitrothion, fenthion, fosthiazate, heptenophos, imicyaphos, isofenphos, isopropyl O-(methoxyaminothio-phosphoryl) salicylate, isoxathion, malathion, mecarbam, methamidophos, methidathion, mevinphos, monocrotophos, naled, omethophos phenthoate, oxydemeton-methyl, parathion, parathion-methyl, phenthoate, phorate, phosalone, phosmet, phosphamidon, phoxim, pirimiphos-methyl, profenofos, propetamphos, prothiofos, pyraclofos, pyridaphenthion, quinalphos, sulfotep, tebupirimfos, temephos, terbufos, tetrachlorvinphos, thiometon, triazophos, trichlorfon and vamidothion. 2) GABA-gated chloride channel antagonists, such as cyclodiene organochlorines, such as chlordane and endosulfan or phenylpyrazoles (fiproles), such as (16.1) ethiprole and (16.2) fipronil. 3) Sodium channel modulators / voltage-dependent sodium channel blockers, for example, pyrethroids, for example, acrinathrin, allethrin, d-cis-trans allethrin, d-trans allethrin, bifenthrin, bioallethrin, bioallethrin S-cyclopentenyl isomer, bioresmethrin, cycloprothrin, cyfluthrin, beta-cyfluthrin, cyhalothrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, gamma-cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, alpha-cypermethrin, beta-cypermethrin, theta-cypermethrin, zeta-cypermethrin, cyphenothrin [(1R )-trans isomer], deltamethrin, empenthrin [(EZ)-(1R) isomer], esfenvalerate, etofenprox, fenpropathrin, fenvalerate, flucythrinate, flumethrin, tau-fluvalinate, halfenprox, imiprothrin, kadethrin, permethrin, fenothrin [(1R)-trans isomer)], prallethrin, pyrethrins (pyrethrum), resmethrin, silafluofen, tefluthrin, tetramethrin, tetramethrin [(1R) isomer)], tralomethrin and transfluthrin or DDT or methoxychlor. 4) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) agonists, such as neonicotinoids, for example (17.1) acetamiprid, (17.2) clothianidin, (17.3) dinotefuran, (17.4) imidacloprid, (17.5) nitenpyram, (17.6) thiacloprid and (17.7) thiamethoxam or (17.8) nicotine or (17.9) sulfoxaflor. 5) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) allosteric activators, such as spinosyns, e.g., (18.1) spinetoram and (18.2) spinosad. 6) Chloride channel activators, such as avermectins / milbemycins, e.g., abamectin, emamectin benzoate, lepimectin and milbemectin. 7) Juvenile hormone mimetics, such as juvenile hormone analogues, such as hydroprene, kinoprene and methoprene or fenoxycarb or pyriproxyfen. 8) Various non-specific (multi-site) inhibitors, such as alkyl halides, e.g., methyl bromide and other alkyl halides; or chloropicrin or sulfuryl fluoride or borax or tartar emetic. 9) Selective homopteran feeding blockers, such as pymetrozine or flonicamide. 10) Mite growth inhibitors, such as clofentezine, hexythiazox and diflobidazine or etoxazole. 11) Microbial disruptors of insect midgut membranes, such as Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies israelensis, Bacillus sphaericus, Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies aizawai, Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies kurstaki, Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies tenebrionis, and B.T. crop proteins: Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac, Cry1Fa, Cry2Ab, mCry3A, Cry3Ab, Cry3Bb, Cry34 / 35Ab1. 12) Inhibitors of mitochondrial ATP synthase, such as diafenthiuron or organotin acaricides, such as azocyclotin, cyhexatin and fenbutatin oxide or propargite or tetradifon. 13) Uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation through disruption of the proton gradient, such as chlorfenapyr, DNOC, and sulfluramide. 14) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) channel blockers, such as bensultap, cartap hydrochloride, thiocyclam and thiosultap sodium. 15) Inhibitors of chitin biosynthesis, type 0, such as bistrifluron, chlorfluazuron, diflubenzuron, flucycloxuron, flufenoxuron, hexaflumuron, lufenuron, novaluron, noviflumuron, teflubenzuron and triflumuron. 16) Inhibitors of chitin biosynthesis, type 1, such as buprofezin. 17) Molting disruptors, such as cyromazine. 18) Ecdysone receptor agonists, such as chromafenozide, halofenozide, methoxyfenozide and tebufenozide. 19) Octopamine receptor agonists, such as amitraz. 20) Mitochondrial complex III electron transport inhibitors, such as hydramethylnon or acequinocyl or fluacrypyrim. 21) Mitochondrial complex I electron transport inhibitors, such as METI acaricides, such as fenazaquin, fenpyroximate, pyrimidifen, pyridaben, tebufenpyrad and tolfenpyrad or rotenone (derris). 22) Voltage-gated sodium channel blockers, such as indoxacarb or metaflumizone. 23) Inhibitors of acetyl-CoA carboxylase, such as tetronic acid and tetramic acid derivatives, for example spirodiclofen, spiromesifen and spirotetramat. 24) Mitochondrial complex IV electron transport inhibitors, such as phosphines, for example aluminum phosphide, calcium phosphide, phosphine and zinc phosphide or cyanide. 25) Mitochondrial complex II electron transport inhibitors, such as cyenopyrafen and cyflumetofen. 28) Ryanodine receptor modulators, for example diamides, such as (19.1) chlorantraniliprole, (19.2) cyantraniliprole and (19.3) flubendiamide.

[0051] Further active ingredients with unknown or uncertain modes of action, such as afidopiropen, azadirachtin, benclotiaz, benzoximate, bifenazate, bromopropylate, chinomethionate, cryolite, dicofol, diflavidazine, fluensulfone, flometoquin, flufenerim, flufenoxystrobin, flufiprole, fluopyram, flupyradifurone, fufenozide, heptafluthrin, imidaclothiz, iprodione, meperfluthrin, paichondin, piflubumid, pyrifluquinazone, pyriminostrobin, tetramethylfluthrin and iodomethane; Bacillus firmus (strain CNCMI-1582, for example, but not limited to, VOTiVO TM, BioNem, etc.) or one of the following known active compounds: 3-bromo-N-{2-bromo-4-chloro-6-[(1-cyclopropylethyl)carbamoyl]phenyl}-1-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide (known from WO 2005 / 077934) and 1-{2-fluoro-4-methyl-5-[(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)sulfinyl]phenyl}-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-amine (known from WO 2006 / 043635), {1'-[(2E)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)prop-2-en-1-yl]-5-fluoro rospiro[indole-3,4'-piperidine]-1(2H)-yl}(2-chloropyridin-4-yl)methanone (known from WO 2003 / 106457), 2-chloro-N-[2-{1-[(2E)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)prop-2-en-1-yl]piperidin-4-yl}-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]isonicotinamide (known from WO 2006 / 003494), 3-(2,5-dimethylphenyl)-4-hydroxy-8-methoxy-1,8-diazaspiro[4.5]dec-3-en-2-one (known from WO 2009 / 049851), 3-(2,5-dimethylphenyl)-8-methoxy-2-oxo-1,8-diazaspiro[4.5]dec-3-en-4-yl ethyl carbonate (known from WO 2009 / 049851), 4-(but-2-yn-1-yloxy)-6-(3,5-dimethylpiperidin-1-yl)-5-fluoropyrimidine (known from WO 2004 / 099160), 4-(but-2-yn-1-yloxy)-6-(3-chlorophenyl)pyrimidine (known from WO 2003 / 076415), PF1364 (CAS-Reg No. 1204776-60-2), 4-[5-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl]-2-methyl-N-{2-oxo-2-[(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)amino]ethyl}benzamide (known from WO 2005 / 085216), 4-{5-[3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl} -N-{2-oxo-2-[(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)amino]ethyl}-1-naphthamide (known from WO 2009 / 002809 pamphlet), 2-[2-({[3-bromo-1-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]carbonyl}amino)-5-chloro-3-methylbenzoyl]-2-methylhydrazine carboxylate (known from WO 2005 / 085216 pamphlet), 2-[2-({[3-bromo-1-(3-chloropyridin methyl 2-[2-({[3-bromo-1-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]carbonyl}amino)-5-cyano-3-methylbenzoyl]-2-ethylhydrazinecarboxylate (known from WO 2005 / 085216), methyl 2-[2-({[3-bromo-1-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]carbonyl}amino)-5-cyano-3-methylbenzoyl]-2-methylhydrazinecarboxylate (known from WO 2005 / 085216), methyl 2-[3,Methyl 5-dibromo-2-({[3-bromo-1-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]carbonyl}amino)benzoyl]-2-ethylhydrazinecarboxylate (known from WO 2005 / 085216), 1-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-N-[4-cyano-2-methyl-6-(methylcarbamoyl)phenyl]-3-{[5-(trifluoromethyl)-2H-tetrazol-2-yl]methyl}-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide (known from WO 2010 / 069502), N-[2-(5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)-4-chloro-6-methylphenyl]-3-bromo-1-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide (known from CN102057925), 3-chloro-N-(2-cyanopropan-2-yl)-N-[4-(1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropan-2-yl)-2-methylphenyl]phthalamide (known from WO 2012 / 034472), 8-chloro-N-[(2-chloro 8-chloro-N-[(2-chloro-5-methoxyphenyl)sulfonyl]-6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-2-carboxamide (known from WO 2010 / 129500), 8-chloro-N-[(2-chloro-5-methoxyphenyl)sulfonyl]-6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-2-carboxamide (known from WO 2009 / 080250), N-[(2E)-1-[(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)methyl]pyridin-2(1H)-ylidene]-2,2,2-trifluoromethyl Fluoroacetamide (known from WO 2012 / 029672), 1-[(2-chloro-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)methyl]-4-oxo-3-phenyl-4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-1-ium-2-olate (known from WO 2009 / 099929), 1-[(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)methyl]-4-oxo-3-phenyl-4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-1-ium-2-olate (known from WO 2009 / 099929), (5S,8R)-1-[(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)methyl]-9-nitro-2,3,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-1H-5,8-epoxyimidazo[1,2-a]azepine (known from WO 2010 / 069266), (2E)-1-[(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)methyl]-N'-nitro-2-pentylidenehydrazinecarboximidamide (known from WO 2010 / 060231), 4-(3-(2,6-dichloropyridin-3-yl)methyl)-N'-nitro-2-pentylidenehydrazinecarboximidamide (known from WO 2010 / 060231), N-[2-(tert-butylcarbamoyl)-4-chloro-6-methylphenyl]-1-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-3-(fluoromethoxy)-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide (known from WO 2008 / 134969).

[0052] Although one or more pesticides may be selected independently of the above substances and combined in any possible manner, it is preferred that at least one pesticide is selected from isotianil, sedaxane, penflufen, azole antifungals, in particular tebuconazole, ipconazole, propiconazole or difenoconazole, strobilurins, in particular trifloxystrobin, azoxystrobin or picoxystrobin, penthiopyrad, metalaxyl, fludioxonil, tiadinil, fipronil, flubendiamide, chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole, imidacloprid, thiacloprid, thiamethoxam, clothianidin, spinosad, tetraniliprole, ethiprole or mixtures thereof, preferably combinations of isotianil and trifloxystrobin, isotianil and penflufen or penflufen and trifloxystrobin. Particularly preferred are penflufen, isotianil, chlorantraniliprole, trifloxystrobin, tetraniliprole, and ethiprole. In one embodiment, the pesticide is isotianil. In another embodiment, the pesticide is chlorantraniliprole. These pesticides are particularly preferred for the inventive coating of rice seeds because they are compatible with diseases and pests specific to rice, and the inventive copolymers effectively prevent these substances from washing off from the coated seeds.

[0053] The seed coating agent may further comprise at least one colorant, surfactant, organic solvent, and / or additional polymer or copolymer. Colorants, such as red, green, or blue, have the advantage that it is obvious to everyone that the rice seeds have been treated, dramatically reducing the risk of the coated rice being unintentionally used in food applications. Furthermore, the colorant can indicate that the coating remains on the seeds during soaking and incubation. For example, the colorant can be selected not only by its color but also by its leaching behavior from the coating, insofar as it is similar to the pesticide used in the coating. Thus, the applicant can practically ensure that the coating does not wash off. In this regard, the colorant may be used as a semi-quantitative benchmark for leaching behavior, for example, by comparing the color of seeds before and after soaking using a color table showing the relationship between color and pesticide content. Spectroscopic methods may also be used to measure color intensity before and after soaking. Furthermore, the colorant may also indicate the quality of the coating, indicating the coating uniformity across or among all the seeds.

[0054] The colorants used may be visible colors or even UV pigments. If an inorganic colorant is used, it may simultaneously act as a source of trace elements.

[0055] The coating agent may have any conceivable structure or layer arrangement. According to a preferred embodiment, the copolymer and the pesticide are mixed before being applied to the seeds, while the coated rice seeds are then treated with a further pesticide, preferably an insecticide. The pesticide mixed with the copolymer is preferably a fungicide.

[0056] Alternatively, the copolymer and pesticide can be applied to the seeds in a sequential manner, while preferably the seeds are coated first with at least one pesticide and then with the copolymer.

[0057] The application rates of the copolymers may vary within wide limits, for example from 0.001 to 2.5% by weight, in particular from 0.01 to 1.25% by weight, preferably from 0.025 to 1% by weight, relative to the weight of the untreated seed.

[0058] The application rate of the pesticide depends mainly on the dosage requirements and can be used by those skilled in the art. By way of example only, the application rate of the pesticide is 0.001 to 5% by weight, particularly 0.01 to 2.5% by weight, and preferably 0.05 to 1% by weight, based on the weight of the untreated seed. Non-limiting examples of specific fungicides include an application rate of isotianil selected from 0.05 to 2% by weight, particularly 0.1 to 1% by weight, and an application rate of trifloxystrobin selected from 0.01 to 1% by weight, particularly 0.05 to 0.5% by weight (each based on the weight of the untreated seed).

[0059] The pesticide may be used in any available form or formulation, for example, as a solid, e.g., (wettable) powder, a water-soluble formulation, a liquid formulation, an applicable liquid, an aqueous suspension, a dispersion or emulsion, a microencapsulated formulation, just to name a few. Formulations can be obtained by known methods, for example, by mixing the pesticide with a developer, i.e., a liquid or solid diluent or carrier, and in some cases, a surfactant, i.e., an emulsifier and / or dispersant. When water is used as developer, organic solvents can be used, for example, as co-solvents.

[0060] In the present invention, an aqueous suspension of a pesticide is preferred from the viewpoint of workability. As an aqueous suspension agent, an aqueous suspension composition containing, in addition to a pesticide, water, a surfactant, a liquid diluent (organic solvent), and a polymer resin, particularly an acrylic resin (a (co)polymer resin composed of an alkyl acrylate ester and / or an alkyl methacrylate ester), is particularly preferred from the viewpoint of durability of effect.

[0061] Antifoaming agents, disinfectants, thickeners, dispersants, antifreeze agents, etc. can be added to the aqueous suspension of pesticides as needed. The pesticide content in the aqueous suspension composition is preferably 1 to 50% by weight, particularly 5 to 40% by weight. The surfactant content is preferably 0.01 to 10% by weight, particularly 0.1 to 5% by weight. The diluent content is preferably 1 to 50% by weight, particularly 5 to 30% by weight. The acrylic resin content is preferably 0.1 to 20% by weight, particularly 1 to 10% by weight. In the case of other additive components such as antifoaming agents, disinfectants, and thickeners, the total content is preferably 0 to 10% by weight, particularly 0.1 to 5% by weight. Granular polymer resins are preferred as the polymer resin in the aqueous suspension composition, and those finely pulverized by grinding or the like are particularly preferred.

[0062] Examples of liquid diluents or carriers include aromatic hydrocarbons (e.g., xylene, toluene, alkylnaphthalenes, etc.), chlorinated aromatic compounds or chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons (e.g., chlorobenzene, ethylene chloride, methylene chloride, etc.), aliphatic hydrocarbons [e.g., cyclohexane, etc., paraffins (e.g., mineral oil fractions, etc.)], alcohols (e.g., C 2~10 Mention may be made of alcohols (e.g., butanol, ethylene glycol, glycols (e.g., propylene glycol, etc., and their ethers, esters, etc.), ketones (e.g., acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone, etc.), strongly polar solvents (e.g., dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, etc.), water, etc.

[0063] Examples of solid diluents or carriers include crushed natural minerals (e.g., kaolin, clay, talc, chalk, quartz, attapulgite, montmorillonite, diatomaceous earth, etc.), crushed synthetic minerals (e.g., bentonite, silicic acid, alumina, silicates, silica sand, etc.), etc. Examples of solid carriers in granular formulations include crushed and screened stone (e.g., calcite, marble, pumice, sepiolite, dolomite, etc.), synthetic granules of inorganic and organic powders, fine granules, and organic substances (e.g., sawdust, coconut shells, corn cobs, tobacco sticks, etc.).

[0064] Examples of surfactants that may be mentioned include nonionic and anionic surfactants [e.g., polyoxyethylene fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene fatty acid alcohol ethers (e.g., alkylaryl polyglycol ethers, alkyl sulfonates, alkyl sulfates, aryl sulfonates), tristyrylphenols and their ethoxylates], albumin hydrolysate, and the like.

[0065] Examples of dispersants may include lignin sulfite waste liquor, methyl cellulose, and the like.

[0066] In addition, adhesives can be added to the formulation (powder formulation, granular formulation, emulsion), and examples of such adhesives include carboxymethylcellulose, natural and synthetic polymers (e.g., gum arabic, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, etc.).

[0067] Colorants may also be used in the formulation, examples of which may include inorganic pigments (e.g., iron oxide, titanium oxide, Prussian blue, etc.), organic pigments such as alizarin pigments, azo pigments, and metal phthalocyanine pigments, and trace elements such as metal salts of iron, manganese, boron, copper, cobalt, molybdenum, zinc, etc.

[0068] The zinc compound may be any suitable acceptable zinc salt (inorganic or organic) or oxide, such as ZnO (zinc oxide), zinc sulfate, zinc phosphate, zinc acetate, zinc citrate, etc. In a preferred embodiment, zinc oxide is used.

[0069] The amount of zinc salt or oxide in the coating agent may be 5 to 25%, preferably 7 to 17%, and more preferably 10 to 20%. Unless otherwise specified in the present invention, % refers to % by weight.

[0070] There are no particular limitations on the method for applying the coating agent of the present invention to rice seeds. The coating agent composition may be in liquid form, but it is also possible for the pesticide to be in solid form and the copolymer to be in liquid form. In such a case, the pesticide can be applied to the seed surface by any powder coating method, followed by any liquid coating method for the copolymer. If an additional coating layer is to be applied, the coating can be applied in two or more steps, not just one step.

[0071] Powder coating methods include, for example, placing rice seeds and pesticides in a rotating drum, and rotating the drum uniformly coats the rice seeds with the pesticide. Methods for spraying the pesticide, copolymer, or a mixture of both include, for example, (1) spraying the pesticide, copolymer, or a mixture of both directly onto rice seeds dropping from a hopper or the like using an appropriate nozzle, (2) installing a vibrating guide plate between the hopper and the seedling box, and spraying the rice seeds with the pesticide, copolymer, or a mixture of both using an appropriate nozzle as the rice seeds bounce past the plate, and (3) installing a drum between the hopper and the top of the seedling box, through which the rice seeds pass, and spraying the pesticide, copolymer, or a mixture of both onto the rice seeds as they pass through the drum.

[0072] A method for spraying the pesticide, copolymer, or a mixture of both on rice seeds on a small scale can be used in which the rice seeds are placed in a rotating machine such as a mortar mixer, and a predetermined dose of the pesticide, copolymer, or a mixture of both is sprayed uniformly on the rice seeds using an appropriate sprayer. Alternatively, a method can be used in which the rice seeds are placed in a plastic bag or other suitable container with 2 to 3 times the volume of the rice seeds, and the pesticide, followed by the copolymer, or a mixture of both is added, which is then closed (in the case of a plastic bag, the bag is filled with air so that the entire bag is expanded, and then the inlet of the bag is closed), shaken, and stirred to spread the pesticide, copolymer, or a mixture of both throughout the entire container or bag.

[0073] When spraying large amounts of rice seeds, the spray nozzles can be installed in the center of a transport that leads the seedling boxes to a seed drill for spraying the pesticide, copolymer, or a mixture of both, which can be followed by a mixing step and an optional drying step.

[0074] A further embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that the treatment agent a) a mixture of copolymers consisting of a copolymer of butyl acrylate and 1,4-diethenylbenzene and styrene, and a copolymer of butyl acrylate and styrene, and b) at least one pesticide The rice seed treatment agent is characterized by comprising:

[0075] The rice seed treatment may have any of the modifications, without exception, as described above in relation to the method of the present invention.

[0076] Furthermore, a further embodiment of the present invention is coated rice seeds that are at least partially coated with the rice seed treatment agent of the present invention.

[0077] As described above, the coating of the present invention protects seeds from diseases and pests without significantly affecting germination rates. Therefore, typical rice seed preparation known to the applicant, including soaking and incubation in water before sowing, can be maintained. Preferably, the coated rice seeds of the present invention exhibit an average germination rate of 0-10%, preferably 0-5%, compared to untreated rice seeds of the same species and age after soaking the rice seeds in water at 25°C and then incubating the soaked rice seeds at 7°C for 144 hours (6 days). Seed soaking is performed, for example, by spreading 30 seeds across tissue paper and spraying 50 mL of water over the entire paper. The paper is then rolled up, placed in a closed jar, and exposed to the temperature and humidity conditions described above in a dark place, such as a refrigerator. While the germination test is performed under the test conditions described above, evaluation is performed by counting at least 30 randomly selected seeds. The test is performed by soaking and incubating at least three samples in different containers and calculating the average germination rate.

[0078] Furthermore, the coated rice seeds can be stored for several months without a significant decrease in germination rate and / or pesticide activity.

[0079] The coated rice seeds of the present invention allow immersion in water without substantial loss of the pesticide due to washing or runoff. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the coated rice seeds exhibit a release rate of 3% by weight or less, particularly 2% by weight or less, of the pesticide relative to the total weight of the pesticide in the coating during immersion of the rice seeds in water at 30°C for 24 hours without stirring. The pesticide is particularly selected from fungicides and insecticides.

[0080] Another embodiment of the present invention is a method for protecting emerging seedlings of rice plants against fungal diseases and / or pests before planting, comprising the steps of: a. soaking the coated rice seeds according to the present invention in water, preferably at a temperature of 10 to 40°C, more preferably at 20 to 30°C, particularly for at least 12 hours; b. optionally incubating the soaked rice seeds for at least 36 hours, in particular at least 72 hours; , optionally wherein at least one further pesticide is applied to the rice seeds during soaking and / or incubation, and the further pesticide is in particular an insecticide, preferably thiamethoxam, imidacloprid, clothianidin, or a mixture thereof. This method makes it possible to adjust the protective properties to actual requirements, for example, when the risk of pests is significant. The rice seeds may be sown, for example, after soaking or an optional incubation step in a nursery box (e.g., having dimensions of 60 cm x 30 cm x 3 cm). However, it is within the scope of the present invention for the rice seeds to be sown in the field after the culture soaking or directly into a nursery system in the field and then transplanted.

[0081] In principle, there are no restrictions on the method of soaking rice seeds, and in the above-mentioned method for protecting emerging seedlings, it is preferable to imbibe sufficient water at an accumulation temperature of 60-140°C·days (e.g., 7-10 days at 13-14°C) into rice seeds. Incubation can be carried out, for example, after soaking, at 20-40°C, preferably 25-35°C, for at least 24 hours, preferably at least 72 hours or even 132 hours.

[0082] After rice seeds are sown in seedling boxes and covered with soil, the methods for breeding the rice seedlings, transplanting the seedlings into paddy fields, and breeding the rice after transplanting are not particularly limited, and generally known methods can be used. For example, after covering the seeds with soil, each seedling box is placed in a seedling cabinet, the seeds are germinated, and then the seedling boxes are moved to a seedling house and further bred. It is only necessary to transplant the bred seedlings into paddy fields using a cultivator or the like. Furthermore, after transplanting into paddy fields, there are no limitations regarding the rice breeding method, and rice can be bred according to conventional methods.

[0083] The coating agent of the present invention typically provides longer-lasting protection compared to seeds directly coated with each pesticide, while requiring a smaller amount of pesticide. For example, in the method of the present invention for protecting emerging rice seedlings, disease and / or pest protection can be observed even 50 days or more, particularly 60 days or more after transplanting the soaked and incubated seeds. Typical diseases that can be protected against are caused by mold and / or microorganisms. The disease is in particular selected from rice blast disease (caused by Pyricularia oryzae), rice brown spot or rice head blight (caused by Cochliobolus miyabeanus), rice sheath blight (caused by Rhizoctonia solani), rice sheath brown rot (caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. Oryzae), rice bacterial seedling blight (caused by Burkholderia glumae) or a combination thereof.

[0084] In a further embodiment of the method of the invention for protecting emerging seedlings, the pests are in particular the rice water weevil (Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus), the rice neck beetle (Oulema oryzae Kuwayama), the Delphacidae, the green rice leafhopper (Nephotettix cincticeps), the rice leaf miner (Hydrellia griseola), the rice beetle (Parnara guttata) (rice skipper), the rice leaf borer (Naranga aenescens Moore), the rice leaf borer (Cnaphalocrocis medinalis), the rice stem borer (Chilo suppressalis), the rice thrips (Stenchaetothrips biformis) (rice thrips). The animal pest is selected from the group consisting of insects, insect pests, insecticide ...

[0085] In the unlikely event that the disclosure of any patent, patent application, and publication incorporated herein by reference contradicts the description of this application to the extent that it may obscure the terms, the description of this application shall control.

[0086] The invention will be further explained on the basis of the following examples.

[0087] Substances used: Pesticide formulations: Formulation a) A water-based formulation containing isotianil (280 g / L) was used as the pesticide. Formulation b) A water-based formulation containing isotianil (200 g / L) and trifloxystrobin (80 g / L) was used as the pesticide. The formulation had a total water content of about 60% by weight and further contained 2.5% by weight of a mixture of red dye and further additives such as antifoaming agents, thickeners, etc. This is further referred to below as the "pesticide formulation."

[0088] Copolymer: The copolymer mixture used was an unplasticized aqueous mixture of copolymer dispersions containing a first copolymer, which was a copolymer of butyl acrylate and 1,4-diethenylbenzene and styrene (CAS No. 57516-68-4), and a second copolymer, which was a copolymer of butyl acrylate and styrene (CAS No. 25767-47-9) in a 1:1 ratio.

[0089] zinc: Zinc oxide was used as the zinc source.

[0090] HPLC determination of pesticide release into washwater. To measure the adhesion of pesticides to rice seeds, the coated and dried seeds were not soaked in water and incubated as is typical before sowing. During this procedure, samples of the soaking water were collected at specified time points and analyzed by HPLC for their content in pesticides.

[0091] experiment: Experiment 1) Zinc absorption by seedlings and retention in coatings of pesticides and colorants

[0092] [Table 1]

[0093] method: Rice plants are treated with 20 L / T of Routine Start SC280 (isotianil). -No film coating (Object 1) Example 1 (Object 2) at -1ml / kg Example 2 (Object 3) at -2ml / kg

[0094] The treated rice is soaked (20 g rice in 100 mL water for 12 hours): The amount of zinc on the seeds before soaking and in the water after soaking is analyzed (zinc in the soaking water is analyzed according to EN11885 / zinc in the seeds after MO147, by mineralization, is then analyzed according to NFENISO6869). The amount of isotianil on the seeds before and after soaking has been analyzed (measured by HPMC). Coloration of the immersion water is observed (visual inspection). The effect of zinc on plant weight has been measured

[0095] [Table 2]

[0096] [Table 3]

[0097] [Table 4]

[0098] [Table 5]

[0099] [Table 6]

[0100] [Table 7]

[0101] [Table 8]

[0102] [Table 9]

[0103] [Table 10]

[0104] Germination test Seeds are planted and after 35 days at 25°C, seeds are evaluated for germination, seedling dry matter, seedling Zn concentration, and anhydrous Zn content.

[0105] [Table 11]

[0106] Biological Efficacy Testing Seeds were treated with IST 500FS (BAYER), IST 200 FS BAYER and Evergole Wide undiluted, diluted with water and coated according to the invention and tested for efficacy against rice blast (Pyricularia oryzae) and rice sheath blight (Rhizoctonia solani) for 25-30 days. The new seed coatings were found to be as effective as conventional treatments.

Claims

1. A method for preparing coated rice seeds, comprising at least partially applying a seed coating agent to a surface of dried rice seeds, the seed coating agent comprising at least A mixture of a first copolymer of butyl acrylate and 1,4-diethenylbenzene and styrene, and a second copolymer of butyl acrylate and styrene, and at least one pesticide. A method comprising:

2. The first copolymer comprises at least: a. 45 to 65 wt. % butyl acrylate; b. 35 to 55% by weight of styrene and 1,4-diethenylbenzene 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the compound is prepared from

3. The second copolymer comprises at least: a) 35 to 65% by weight of butyl acrylate; b) 35 to 65% by weight of styrene 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the compound is prepared from

4. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the ratio of the first copolymer to the second copolymer is in the range of 3:1 to 1:

3.

5. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the first copolymer has a weight average molecular weight Mw in the range of 400,000 to 800,000 g / mol.

6. 6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the second copolymer has a weight average molecular weight Mw in the range of 25,000 to 125,000 g / mol.

7. 7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the seed coating agent further comprises a zinc salt or zinc oxide.

8. 8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the seed coating agent further comprises a colorant.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the first copolymer and the second copolymer are applied to the dry rice seeds in the form of a dispersion.

10. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the dispersion has a solids content of 30 to 80% by weight, measured according to DIN EN ISO 3251 at 130°C for 30 minutes.

11. 11. The method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the dispersion has a minimum film-forming temperature, measured according to DIN ISO 2115, of >= 0°C.

12. A method according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the dispersion is largely free of plasticizers and / or non-ionic detergents.

13. 13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the pesticide is selected from the group comprising insecticides, fungicides, bactericides, antivirals, acaricides, molluscicides, nematicides, ovicides, repellents, rodenticides, herbicides, safeners, fertilizers, biological agents, or mixtures thereof.

14. 14. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the at least one pesticide is selected from isotianil, sedaxane, penflufen, azole antifungals, strobilurins, penthiopyrad, metalaxyl, fludioxonil, tiadinil, fipronil, flubendiamide, chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole, imidacloprid, thiacloprid, thiamethoxam, clothianidin, spinosad, ethiprole tetraniliprole or mixtures thereof.

15. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the first copolymer, the second copolymer and the pesticide are applied to the dry rice seeds in a sequential manner.

16. 16. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the application rate of the first copolymer and the second copolymer is 0.001 to 2.5% by weight, relative to the weight of the dry rice seeds.

17. 17. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the application rate of the pesticide is 0.001 to 5% by weight based on the weight of the dry rice seeds.

18. A seed coating agent, whereby rice seeds are at least partially coated with a rice seed treatment agent, wherein the rice seed treatment agent comprises: A seed coating agent comprising a mixture of a first copolymer of butyl acrylate and 1,4-diethenylbenzene and styrene, and a second copolymer of butyl acrylate and styrene, and at least one pesticide.

19. 19. The seed coating agent of claim 18, wherein the first copolymer is prepared from 45 to 65% by weight of butyl acrylate; and 35 to 55% by weight of styrene and 1,4-diethenylbenzene; and the second copolymer is prepared from at least a) 35 to 65% by weight of butyl acrylate; and b) 35 to 65% by weight of styrene.

20. 20. Seed coating agent according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that the ratio of the first copolymer to the second copolymer is in the range of 3:1 to 1:

3.

21. 21. The seed coating agent according to any one or more of claims 18 to 20, characterized in that the first copolymer has a weight average molecular weight Mw in the range of 400,000 to 800,000 g / mol; and the second copolymer has a weight average molecular weight Mw in the range of 25,000 to 125,000 g / mol.

22. 22. Seed coating agent according to any one or more of claims 18 to 21, characterized in that it further comprises a zinc salt or zinc oxide.

23. Seed coating agent according to any one or more of claims 18 to 22, characterized in that it further comprises a colorant and optionally further adjuvants.

24. 24. The seed coating agent according to claim 18, wherein the release rate of the pesticide during immersion of the rice seeds in water at 25°C for 24 hours without stirring is 3% by weight or less compared to the total weight of the pesticide in the seed coating agent.

25. 25. Seed coating agent according to any one or more of claims 18 to 24, characterized in that the at least one pesticide is selected from the group consisting of penflufen, isotianil, chlorantraniliprole, trifloxystrobin, tetraniliprole and ethiprole.

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