Biological treatment system, biological treatment apparatus, water purification system, biological treatment method, and water purification method

Abstract

To provide a biological treatment system, a biological treatment apparatus, a water purification system, a biological treatment method and a water purification method that are excellent in the efficiency and stability of biological treatment.SOLUTION: A biological treatment system comprises: a tank 1 containing a mixture of an object to be biologically treated and microorganisms; a monitoring unit 2 that monitors an index of a microbial concentration of the mixture; an adjustment unit 3 that adjusts the microbial concentration of the mixture; and a control unit 4 that controls the adjustment unit based on monitoring results of the index of the microbial concentration.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a biological treatment system, a biological treatment apparatus, a water purification system, a biological treatment method, and a water purification method.

Background Art

[0002] Mechanisms for purifying sewage using microorganisms are applied in various fields. For example, Patent Document 1 describes a circulation type flush toilet having a mechanism for purifying sewage discharged from a flush toilet and circulating it to the flush toilet.

[0003] The circulation type flush toilet described in Patent Document 1 has a biological treatment system that decomposes organic substances in sewage and performs nitrification and denitrification treatment, a filtration tank that separates solid-liquid of the biologically treated water biologically treated by the biological treatment system, and a decolorization tank that decolorizes the filtered water separated by the filtration tank, and the treated water decolorized by the decolorization tank is reused as the washing water of the flush toilet.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0004]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] With the diversification of recent lifestyles and living environments, the number of cases where a water purification system using microorganisms is introduced into relatively small-scale facilities such as houses has been increasing. In such a small-scale water purification system, the amount and supply timing of sewage supplied to the biological treatment system tend to be irregular. Further, since the capacity of the biological treatment system is small, the state within the biological treatment system tends to vary depending on the amount and supply timing of the supplied sewage. And, due to the variation in the environment within the biological treatment system, the biological treatment ability of microorganisms may decrease, leading to a decrease in treatment efficiency. In particular, in circulating water treatment systems, it is necessary to perform biological treatment on a small amount of water to achieve the water quality required by the user, and a decrease in treatment efficiency becomes a major problem. Therefore, the object of this disclosure is to provide a biological treatment system, a biological treatment apparatus, a water purification system, a biological treatment method, and a water purification method that are excellent in terms of efficiency and stability of biological treatment. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The following embodiments are included as means for solving the above problems. <1> A tank containing a mixture of the material to be biologically treated and microorganisms, A monitoring unit that monitors an indicator of the microbial concentration in the mixture, A control unit for adjusting the microbial concentration of the mixture, A biological treatment system comprising: a control unit that controls the adjustment unit based on the monitoring results of an indicator of the microbial concentration. <2> The adjustment unit has the function of supplying nutrients for microorganisms to the mixture. <1> The biological treatment system described above. <3> The adjustment unit has the function of supplying ozone to the mixture. <1> The biological treatment system described above. <4> A tank containing a mixture of the material to be biologically treated and microorganisms, A monitoring unit that monitors an indicator of the microbial concentration in the mixture, A control unit for adjusting the microbial concentration of the mixture, A biological processing apparatus comprising: a control unit that controls the adjustment unit based on the monitoring results of the indicator of the microbial concentration. <5> <1> ~ <3> A biological treatment system described in any one of the items or <4> A water purification system equipped with the biological treatment device described above. <6> A step of monitoring an indicator of the microbial concentration in a mixture contained in a tank that holds a mixture of the material to be biologically treated and microorganisms, The process includes adjusting the microbial concentration of the mixture, A biological treatment method in which the adjustment of the microbial concentration is controlled based on the monitoring results of an indicator of the microbial concentration. <7> The aforementioned indicator of microbial concentration includes at least one selected from the group consisting of MLSS and OUR. <6> The biological treatment method described above. <8> <6> A water purification method that includes a step of carrying out the biological treatment method described above. [Effects of the Invention]

[0007] According to this disclosure, a biological treatment system, a biological treatment apparatus, a water purification system, a biological treatment method, and a water purification method are provided that are excellent in terms of efficiency and stability of biological treatment. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0008] [Figure 1] This is a conceptual diagram showing an example of the configuration of a biological processing system. [Figure 2] This is a conceptual diagram showing an example of the configuration of the control unit. [Figure 3] This figure shows an example of the process by which the control unit determines a command to the adjustment unit based on the monitoring results received from the monitoring unit. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0009] In this disclosure, a numerical range indicated using "~" represents a range that includes the numbers before and after "~" as the minimum and maximum values, respectively. In the numerical ranges described in stages in this disclosure, the upper or lower limit stated in one numerical range may be replaced with the upper or lower limit of another numerical range described in stages, or with the values ​​shown in the examples.

[0010] <Biological Processing System> The biological processing system described herein is A tank containing a mixture of the material to be biologically treated and microorganisms, A monitoring unit that monitors an indicator of the microbial concentration in the mixture, A control unit for adjusting the microbial concentration of the mixture, The biological treatment system comprises a control unit that controls the adjustment unit based on the monitoring results of the indicator of the microbial concentration.

[0011] The treatment efficiency of a biological treatment system is affected by the quantitative balance between the object of biological treatment and microorganisms. For example, if the amount of the object of biological treatment is too small relative to the amount of microorganisms, the death of microorganisms that use the object of biological treatment as a nutrient source progresses, resulting in a decrease in the treatment capacity of the biological treatment system. On the other hand, if the amount of the object of biological treatment is too large relative to the amount of microorganisms, the residual amount of the object that the microorganisms cannot completely treat increases. As a result, there may be a case where the object supplied to the biological treatment system is not treated at a predetermined pace. Therefore, in order to perform biological treatment stably and efficiently, it is effective to reduce the variation in the quantitative balance between the object of biological treatment and microorganisms. In particular, the smaller the scale of a biological treatment system, the relatively greater the variation in the amount and quality of the object supplied. For this reason, the smaller the scale of the biological treatment system, the greater the significance of taking measures to perform biological treatment stably and efficiently. The biological treatment system of the present disclosure has a treatment capacity of 1,000 m per day 3 extremely small, etc. and is particularly effective for use on an extremely small scale.

[0012] As a method of reducing the variation in the quantitative balance between the object of biological treatment and microorganisms, it is conceivable to equalize the supply amount and supply timing of the object of biological treatment to the biological treatment system. However, depending on the capacity and usage form of the biological treatment system, it may be difficult to equalize the supply amount and supply timing of the object of biological treatment.

[0013] The biological treatment system of the present disclosure includes a mechanism composed of a monitoring unit, an adjustment unit, and a control unit, and thus can control the microorganism concentration in the tank with a desired accuracy. Therefore, even when there are large variations in the supply amount and supply timing of the object of biological treatment, stable biological treatment can be performed.

[0014] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the biological treatment system of this disclosure. In Figure 1, devices that are generally installed in a biological treatment system, such as aeration devices, stirring devices, and pumps, are omitted from the illustration. The biological treatment system shown in Figure 1 includes a tank 1 that contains a mixture of the material to be treated and microorganisms, A monitoring unit 2 monitors an indicator of the microbial concentration in the mixture, Adjustment units 3a and 3b for adjusting the microbial concentration of the mixture, The system includes a control unit 4 that controls the adjustment unit based on the monitoring results of an indicator of microbial concentration. The adjustment unit 3a has the function of increasing the microbial concentration in the mixture. For example, it is a nutrient source input device that introduces organic matter nutrients into the tank. The adjustment unit 3b has the function of reducing the microbial concentration in the mixture. For example, it is an ozone generator that supplies ozone into the tank.

[0015] The monitoring unit 2 monitors an indicator of the microbial concentration in the mixture inside the tank and transmits the monitoring results to the control unit 4 via the signal transmission means 11. The control unit 4 transmits commands to the drive unit 5a or 5b of the adjustment unit 3a or 3b via the signal transmission means 12a or 12b. When the drive unit 5a receives a command from the control unit 4, the adjustment unit 3a puts organic nutrient sources into the tank. When the drive unit 5b receives a command from the control unit 4, the adjustment unit 3b supplies ozone into the tank.

[0016] The configuration shown in Figure 1 is a conceptual example illustrating the configuration of a biological processing system, and the specific configuration of this disclosure is not limited to the configuration shown in Figure 1. For example, there may be multiple monitoring units 2 installed in the tank 1. Also, the adjustment unit 3 may have only one function, either increasing or decreasing the microbial concentration in the mixture, or it may have both functions in a single unit.

[0017] The biological processing system of this disclosure may be a separate object or not. A biological treatment system, when it is a standalone object, may be portable. For example, it may be transportable and usable in a designated location during camping or disaster evacuation. Furthermore, the biological treatment system of this disclosure may be a module (a standardized component unit that facilitates reconfiguration) that constitutes a water treatment system. Examples of biological treatment systems that are not independent objects include those that are incorporated as part of a building or other object. Examples of objects other than buildings include automobiles, trains, ships, aircraft, and trailer homes, but are not limited to these.

[0018] (tank) The tank of the biological treatment system of this disclosure may be a container of any desired size. The material of the container is not particularly limited and can be selected from resin, metal, ceramics, etc. There is no particular upper limit on the amount of mixture contained in the tank, and it can be selected according to the application of the biological treatment system. For example, the upper limit on the amount of mixture contained in the tank may be 10,000 liters, 5,000 liters, 1,000 liters, 500 liters, 300 liters, 150 liters, or 50 liters. There is no particular limit to the amount of mixture contained in the tank, and it can be set according to the method of use of the biological treatment system. From the viewpoint of effectively performing biological treatment, the minimum amount of mixture contained in the tank may be 10 liters.

[0019] The mixture contained in the tank includes at least the material to be biologically treated and microorganisms. The material to be treated biologically may contain both liquid and solid components, or it may contain only liquid components. The substances to be treated biologically in the mixture are not particularly limited. Examples include domestic wastewater discharged from homes and small settlements such as toilets, kitchens, and bathrooms, as well as urban wastewater, commercial facility wastewater, agricultural wastewater, and industrial wastewater. The types of microorganisms included in the mixture are not particularly limited. For example, the microorganisms may be aerobic, anaerobic, or a combination of both. Specific examples of microorganisms contained in the mixture include nitrifying bacteria, yeast, Escherichia coli, denitrifying bacteria, phosphate-depleting bacteria, and denitrifying phosphate-accumulating bacteria.

[0020] (Monitoring Department) The biological treatment system of this disclosure includes a monitoring unit that monitors an indicator of the microbial concentration in a mixture. There are no particular restrictions on the indicators of microbial concentration that are monitored by the monitoring department. Specific examples of indicators of microbial concentration include MLSS (activated sludge suspended solids), OUR (oxygen consumption rate), MLVSS (activated sludge organic suspended solids), SS (suspended solids), SV (activated sludge sedimentation rate), BOD (biochemical oxygen demand), COD (chemical oxygen demand), TOC (total organic carbon), turbidity, and dissolved oxygen concentration (DO). In this disclosure, "indicators of microbial concentration" include the microbial concentration of the mixture itself and information that indirectly contributes to understanding the microbial concentration. Indicators of microbial concentration may be measured values ​​or converted values ​​such as indices or rates of change. The indicator for the concentration of microorganisms to be monitored may be a single species or a combination of two or more species.

[0021] From the viewpoint of accurately evaluating the microbial concentration of a mixture, it is preferable that the indicator of microbial concentration include the measured value (absolute value) of the MLSS concentration, or the rate of change determined from the relative change in the MLSS concentration. The means for monitoring the MLSS concentration are not particularly limited, and known devices can be used.

[0022] Indicators of microbial concentration may include OUR. Since aerobic microorganisms consume oxygen to decompose organic matter in a mixture, the microbial concentration of the mixture can be indirectly determined by the measured value (absolute value) obtained by measuring OUR, or by the trend or rate of change. The means of measuring OUR are not particularly limited, and known devices can be used.

[0023] The monitoring of microbial concentration indicators by the monitoring unit may be performed continuously or intermittently. If the monitoring unit intermittently monitors indicators of microbial concentration, there are no particular restrictions on the length of time during which monitoring is not performed; for example, it may be selected from a range of 1 hour to 1 week.

[0024] The monitoring unit may be fully automated in monitoring indicators of microbial concentration, or it may be a combination of automated and manual monitoring. One way to fully automate the monitoring of microbial concentration indicators is to use a device equipped with a function to automatically monitor microbial concentration indicators. Alternatively, microbial concentration indicators may be automatically monitored at a frequency and timing set based on trained data learned from the usage trends of the biological treatment system disclosed herein. One example of a system that combines automatic and manual monitoring of microbial concentration indicators is one in which the monitoring unit itself does not perform monitoring, but instead notifies the operator that the microbial concentration indicator should be monitored.

[0025] (Adjustment part) The biological treatment system of this disclosure includes a control unit for adjusting the microbial concentration of a mixture. The adjustment of the microbial concentration in the mixture by the control unit includes increasing the microbial concentration in the mixture and decreasing the microbial concentration in the mixture. By increasing the microbial concentration in the mixture when it falls below the lower limit of the set range, and decreasing it when it exceeds the upper limit of the set range, the microbial concentration in the mixture can be maintained within an appropriate range, enabling stable biological treatment.

[0026] Specifically, one way to increase the concentration of microorganisms is to add a nutrient source for microorganisms to the mixture. By supplying nutrients for microorganisms to the mixture, it is possible to suppress the death of microorganisms and restore their survival rate. The type of nutrient source added to the mixture is not particularly limited as long as it is organic matter that the microorganisms can decompose. From the viewpoint of immediate effect, alcohols such as ethanol and organic matter with a small molecular weight such as sugars are preferred.

[0027] Specifically, one operation to reduce the microbial concentration in the control device is to supply ozone to the mixture. By supplying ozone to the mixture, microorganisms that come into contact with the ozone are killed, eliminating the condition of excessive microbial presence. Furthermore, ozone supply can be targeted to only a portion of the mixture depending on how the ozone generator is installed. Therefore, compared to methods such as stopping aeration in a biological treatment system to kill microorganisms through oxygen deficiency, the amount of microorganisms killed can be controlled with greater precision.

[0028] The microbial concentration can be adjusted continuously or intermittently using the control unit. If the control unit intermittently adjusts the microbial concentration, the length of the period during which adjustment is not performed is not particularly limited and may be selected from a range such as 1 hour to 1 week.

[0029] The control unit may be fully automated in adding nutrients to the microorganisms, or it may be a combination of automatic and manual methods. One way to completely automate the addition of nutrients to microorganisms is to use a device that has a function to automatically dispense nutrients into the tank. Alternatively, nutrients for microorganisms may be automatically added at a frequency and timing set based on trained data learned from the usage trends of the biological treatment system disclosed herein. When adding nutrients to microorganisms using a combination of automatic and manual methods, one example is when the control unit itself does not add nutrients, but instead notifies the operator that organic matter should be added.

[0030] (Control Unit) The biological treatment system of this disclosure controls a control unit based on the monitoring results of an indicator of microbial concentration. It is equipped with a control unit.

[0031] For example, the control unit controls the adjustment unit to increase the microbial concentration if the value of the microbial concentration indicator monitored by the monitoring unit falls below the lower limit of the set range, and controls the adjustment unit to decrease the microbial concentration if the value of the microbial concentration indicator monitored by the monitoring unit exceeds the upper limit of the set range.

[0032] Examples of control units include devices with arithmetic processing capabilities, such as computers. Figure 2 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of the configuration of a control unit. The control unit 4 shown in Figure 2 consists of a CPU, RAM, ROM, and non-volatile memory. In the control unit 4, the CPU reads the program from ROM, loads it into RAM, and executes the processes contained within the program. The program is provided to the control unit via non-volatile memory such as a CD, DVD, or USB memory. Alternatively, the program may be provided to the control unit via a network.

[0033] The control unit 4 shown in Figure 2 is connected to the sensors included in the monitoring unit 2, as well as the nutrient source input device and ozone generator included in the adjustment unit 3. The control unit 4 shown in Figure 2 is further connected to a temperature monitoring device that monitors the temperature of the mixture, and is also connected to pumps and blowers via a relay (a device that switches on / off). The temperature monitoring device is not particularly limited, and known means such as thermometers, infrared sensors, radiation thermometers, thermographs, and thermistors can be used. The temperature monitoring device may be contact type or non-contact type. The temperature monitoring device, pumps, and blowers may be controlled by a different system than the control unit 4.

[0034] The information input to the control unit may consist solely of the microbial concentration index value, or it may be a combination of the microbial concentration index value and other information. Other information that can be combined with the microbial concentration index values ​​include the amount of the mixture, temperature, pH, ambient temperature, and information on the pattern in which the material to be biologically treated is supplied to the biological treatment system. As information regarding the pattern in which the material to be biologically treated is supplied to the biological treatment system, for example, if the supply amount of the material to be biologically treated changes regularly in a certain cycle, the pattern of this change may be input to the control unit. Patterns of change include user behavior patterns of biological treatment systems, wastewater discharge patterns according to target users and user scale, and patterns of water quality changes.

[0035] The information input to the control unit may include information obtained through machine learning. For example, the output data obtained by inputting the above-mentioned indicators of microbial concentration and other information into a trained model may be input to the control unit. Examples of output data obtained from the trained model include the rate of change of microbial concentration and the predicted value of microbial concentration after a predetermined time.

[0036] The control unit may have a function to improve control accuracy by using past control data as training data. In other words, the control unit may have a function to generate trained models (machine learning function). Machine learning functionality is achieved, for example, by a training data storage unit, a training unit, and a trained model storage unit. The learning unit reads the training data stored in the training data storage unit. Then, based on the read training data, the learning unit generates a trained model by training a predetermined machine learning model using a supervised machine learning algorithm. The trained model generated by the learning unit is stored in the trained model storage unit.

[0037] Figure 3 shows an example of the process by which the control unit determines a command to the adjustment unit based on the monitoring results received from the monitoring unit. In the example shown in Figure 3, first, the monitoring result R of the microbial concentration index received from the monitoring unit is input to the calculation processing unit of the control unit (step S1). Next, the control unit determines whether the monitoring result R falls below the lower limit of the set range (step S2). If the monitoring result R falls below the lower limit of the set range, the control unit determines a command to increase the microbial concentration (step S3). Next, the control unit determines whether the monitoring result R exceeds the upper limit of the set range (step S4). If the monitoring result R exceeds the upper limit of the set range, the control unit determines a command to reduce the microbial concentration (step S5). If the monitoring result R does not fall below the lower limit of the set range and does not exceed the upper limit, the control unit decides to maintain the microbial concentration. In other words, the control unit may continue monitoring the microbial concentration together with the monitoring unit without issuing a command to the adjustment unit (step S6).

[0038] The range of settings used by the control unit for making a determination is not particularly limited and can be set arbitrarily. For example, if the indicator of microbial concentration is the MLSS concentration, it may be set within the range of 1000 mg / L to 3000 mg / L. The setting range used by the control unit for making a determination may be constant or variable.

[0039] (aeration device) The biological treatment system of this disclosure may include an aeration device that supplies air to a tank containing a mixture. By supplying air to the tank containing the mixture, the oxygen necessary for the activity and survival of microorganisms is ensured, thereby suppressing the decrease in microbial activity and the death of microorganisms. The amount of air supplied by the aeration device is not particularly limited and can be set according to the amount of biological substances and microorganisms contained in the mixture. The location where the aeration device is installed is not particularly limited, as long as it can supply air to the tank containing the mixture. For example, the aeration device may be installed at the bottom of the tank.

[0040] The aeration device may supply air to the tank containing the mixture continuously or intermittently. One example of a case where an aeration device intermittently supplies air to a tank containing a mixture is to alternately switch between supplying and stopping air to create periods that promote microbial activity (such as nitrification) and periods that promote microbial activity (such as denitrification) under anaerobic conditions. Alternatively, during periods of high usage of the biological treatment system, the supply of air may be used to promote the activity and growth of microorganisms, while during periods of low usage, the supply of air may be stopped to suppress microbial activity.

[0041] (Agitation device) The biological processing system of this disclosure may include a stirring function for stirring a mixture. By stirring the mixture, contact between the target material for biological treatment and microorganisms is promoted, improving the efficiency of the biological treatment.

[0042] The structure of the stirring device is not particularly limited. For example, the stirring device may perform stirring by rotating a stirring bar, or by supplying air. The location where the stirring device is installed is not particularly limited, as long as it can stir the mixture outside the frame. For example, the stirring device may be installed at the bottom of the tank.

[0043] (filter) The biological treatment system may include a filter for filtering the mixture. By equipping the biological treatment system with a filter, for example, when removing the biologically treated mixture from the biologically treated object, it becomes possible to separate the microorganisms in the mixture from the biologically treated object.

[0044] The structure of the filter is not particularly limited. For example, it may be a porous material, an aggregate of hollow fibers, etc.

[0045] (Other devices) If necessary, the biological processing system may be equipped with devices other than those described above. For example, a biological treatment system may be equipped with devices for acquiring information other than indicators of microbial concentration. Other information besides microbial concentration indicators includes the ammonia concentration, nitrite concentration, nitrate concentration, dissolved oxygen concentration, organic matter concentration, pH, and temperature of the mixture. Information other than the microbial concentration indicator may be transmitted to the control unit along with the monitoring results of the microbial concentration indicator, or it may be transmitted to a device other than the control unit.

[0046] <Biological treatment device> The biological processing apparatus disclosed herein is A tank containing a mixture of the material to be biologically treated and microorganisms, A monitoring unit that monitors an indicator of the microbial concentration in the mixture, A control unit for adjusting the microbial concentration of the mixture, The system includes a control unit that controls the adjustment unit based on the monitoring results of the indicator of the microbial concentration.

[0047] Details and preferred embodiments of the biological processing apparatus of this disclosure may be the same as details and preferred embodiments of the biological processing system of this disclosure. In other words, details and preferred embodiments of the biological processing apparatus of this disclosure can be referenced above in the description of the biological processing system by replacing "biological processing system" with "biological processing apparatus".

[0048] <Water purification system> The water purification system disclosed herein comprises the biological treatment system or biological treatment device described above. A water purification system may consist solely of a biological treatment system or a biological treatment device, or it may include a biological treatment system or a biological treatment device and other mechanisms. Other specific examples of mechanisms besides biological treatment systems or biological treatment devices include tanks for separating solid and liquid components contained in the material to be treated, tanks for separating microorganisms contained in the material after biological treatment from the material after biological treatment, and tanks for storing the material after biological treatment.

[0049] A tank for separating solid and liquid components contained in a material to be biologically treated maintains good biological treatment efficiency in the biological treatment system by, for example, adjusting the concentration of organic matter contained in the material supplied to the biological treatment system. Methods for separating solid and liquid components contained in the material include methods for settling the solid components and methods for passing them through a filter. A biological treatment system or biological treatment apparatus may have a function to separate solid components from liquid components contained in the object to be biologically treated.

[0050] A tank for separating microorganisms contained in the object after biological treatment from the object after biological treatment is, For example, it prevents microorganisms from flowing out of the water purification system along with the treated material after biological treatment. Methods for separating microorganisms contained in the treated material from the treated material include methods such as settling the microorganisms or passing them through a filter. A biological treatment system or biological treatment apparatus may have a function to separate the microorganisms contained in the treated object from the treated object itself.

[0051] A tank for storing the material after biological treatment can, for example, regulate the timing of releasing the material after biological treatment. The biological treatment system may also include a function for storing the material after biological treatment.

[0052] The water purification system may also include a mechanism for decolorizing the target material after biological treatment. Mechanisms for decolorizing objects after biological treatment include ozone generators and activated carbon. A mechanism for decolorizing the object after biological treatment may be provided, for example, in a tank for storing the object after biological treatment.

[0053] The water purification system may include a mechanism for disinfecting the object after biological treatment. For example, it may include a mechanism for adding chemicals such as chlorine to the object after biological treatment, or a mechanism for treating it with ozone. A mechanism for disinfecting the object after biological treatment may be provided, for example, in a tank for storing the object after biological treatment.

[0054] The water purification system may include a mechanism for adding microorganisms or nutrients for microorganisms to the material to be biologically treated.

[0055] The water purification system may include a mechanism for purifying the target material after biological treatment. By purifying the object after biological treatment, the impurity content of the object after biological treatment can be reduced to a desired standard. There are no particular restrictions on the type of mechanism used to purify the material after biological treatment; it can be selected according to the intended use of the material after biological treatment, the required purity, etc. Specifically, examples include reverse osmosis membranes (RO membranes), ultrafiltration membranes (UF membranes), microfiltration membranes (MF membranes), activated carbon, etc. The water purification system may include a tank for storing the material purified by the above mechanism.

[0056] Water purification systems can be used whether they are circulating or not. In this disclosure, a water purification system being a circulating system means that all or part of the biologically treated material is returned to the supplier of the material to be biologically treated. Examples of recirculating water purification systems include systems that biologically treat wastewater from household facilities such as kitchens, bathrooms, and toilets, and then reuse the treated wastewater as flushing water for toilets (recirculating flush toilets).

[0057] <Biological treatment methods> The biological processing method disclosed herein is A step of monitoring an indicator of the microbial concentration in a mixture contained in a tank that holds a mixture of the material to be biologically treated and microorganisms, The process includes adjusting the microbial concentration of the mixture, The adjustment of the microbial concentration is a biological treatment method controlled based on the monitoring results of an indicator of the microbial concentration.

[0058] According to the biological treatment method of this disclosure, in a tank containing a mixture of the material to be biologically treated and microorganisms The microbial concentration can be controlled with the desired precision. Therefore, even when there are large fluctuations in the supply amount and timing of the material to be treated biologically, efficient and stable biological treatment can be carried out.

[0059] The method for carrying out the biological treatment method of this disclosure is not particularly limited. For example, it may be carried out using the biological treatment system or biological treatment apparatus of this disclosure as described above. In this case, the details and preferred embodiments for carrying out the biological treatment method are the same as the details and preferred embodiments for carrying out the biological treatment system of this disclosure as described above.

[0060] <Water purification methods> The water purification method disclosed herein is a water purification method that includes a step of carrying out the biological treatment method described above.

[0061] The water purification method may include a step for separating the solid and liquid components contained in the material to be biologically treated. Methods for separating the solid and liquid components contained in the material include methods for settling the solid components and methods for passing them through a filter.

[0062] The water purification method may include a step to separate the microorganisms contained in the treated material from the treated material itself. Methods for separating the microorganisms from the treated material include methods for settling the microorganisms and methods for passing the treated material through a filter.

[0063] The water purification method may include a step for storing the target material after biological treatment.

[0064] The water purification method may include a step for decolorizing the material after biological treatment. Methods for decolorizing the material after biological treatment include supplying ozone to the material after biological treatment and contacting the material after biological treatment with activated carbon.

[0065] The water purification method may include a step of disinfecting the object after biological treatment. For example, it may include a step of adding chemicals such as chlorine to the object after biological treatment, or a step of supplying ozone.

[0066] The water purification method may include a mechanism for adding microorganisms or nutrients for microorganisms to the material to be treated biologically.

[0067] The water purification method can be either a circulating system or a non-circulating system. Specific examples of recirculating water purification methods include methods in which wastewater from household facilities such as kitchens, bathrooms, and toilets is biologically treated, and then the treated wastewater is reused as flushing water for toilets. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0068] 1: Tank 2: Monitoring department 3a, 3b: Adjustment section 4: Control Unit 5a, 5b: Drive unit 11, 12a, 12b: Signal transmission means

Claims

1. A tank containing a mixture of the material to be biologically treated and microorganisms, A monitoring unit that monitors an indicator of the microbial concentration in the mixture, A control unit for adjusting the microbial concentration of the mixture, The system comprises a control unit that controls the adjustment unit based on the monitoring results of the indicator of the microbial concentration, The aforementioned indicator of microbial concentration includes at least one selected from MLSS and MLVSS. Processing capacity per day is 1,000 m ３ The following: The adjustment unit has the function of supplying nutrients for microorganisms to the mixture and the function of supplying ozone to the mixture. A recirculating biological treatment system.

2. A tank containing a mixture of the material to be biologically treated and microorganisms, A monitoring unit that monitors an indicator of the microbial concentration in the mixture, A control unit for adjusting the microbial concentration of the mixture, The system comprises a control unit that controls the adjustment unit based on the monitoring results of the indicator of the microbial concentration, The aforementioned indicator of microbial concentration includes at least one selected from MLSS and MLVSS. Processing capacity per day is 1,000 m ３ The following: The adjustment unit has the function of supplying nutrients for microorganisms to the mixture and the function of supplying ozone to the mixture. A circulating biological treatment system.

3. A water purification system comprising the biological treatment system described in claim 1 or the biological treatment device described in claim 2.

4. A step of monitoring an indicator of the microbial concentration in a mixture contained in a tank that holds a mixture of the material to be biologically treated and microorganisms, The process includes adjusting the microbial concentration of the mixture, The adjustment of the microbial concentration is controlled based on the monitoring results of the indicator of the microbial concentration. The aforementioned indicator of microbial concentration includes at least one selected from MLSS and MLVSS. Processing capacity per day is 1,000 m ３ The following: The adjustment of the microbial concentration includes supplying a nutrient source for the microorganisms to the mixture and supplying ozone to the mixture. A circulating biological treatment method.

5. A water purification method comprising the step of carrying out the biological treatment method described in claim 4.

6. A tank containing a mixture of the material to be biologically treated and microorganisms, A monitoring unit that monitors an indicator of the microbial concentration in the mixture, A control unit for adjusting the microbial concentration of the mixture, The system comprises a control unit that controls the adjustment unit based on the monitoring results of the indicator of the microbial concentration, The aforementioned indicator of microbial concentration includes at least one selected from MLSS and MLVSS. Processing capacity per day is 1,000 m ３ The following: A biological treatment system in which the adjusting unit has the function of supplying a nutrient source for microorganisms to the mixture and the function of supplying ozone to the mixture, and the nutrient source includes at least one of alcohols or sugars.

7. A tank containing a mixture of the material to be biologically treated and microorganisms, A monitoring unit that monitors an indicator of the microbial concentration in the mixture, A control unit for adjusting the microbial concentration of the mixture, The system comprises a control unit that controls the adjustment unit based on the monitoring results of the indicator of the microbial concentration, The aforementioned indicator of microbial concentration includes at least one selected from MLSS and MLVSS. Processing capacity per day is 1,000 m ３ The following: A biological processing apparatus comprising a control unit having the function of supplying a nutrient source for microorganisms to the mixture and the function of supplying ozone to the mixture, wherein the nutrient source includes at least one of alcohols or sugars.

8. A step of monitoring an indicator of the microbial concentration in a mixture contained in a tank that holds a mixture of the material to be biologically treated and microorganisms, The process includes adjusting the microbial concentration of the mixture, The adjustment of the microbial concentration is controlled based on the monitoring results of the indicator of the microbial concentration. The aforementioned indicator of microbial concentration includes at least one selected from MLSS and MLVSS. Processing capacity per day is 1,000 m ３ The following: A biological treatment method comprising supplying a nutrient source for microorganisms to the mixture and supplying ozone to the mixture, wherein the nutrient source comprises at least one of alcohols or sugars.

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