Transmission device, reception device, communication system, transmission method, reception method, and communication method

Abstract

A transmission device (100) comprises: a computer (120) that comprises a computation unit (121) that performs a computation on an input signal to calculate first data and a checksum computation unit (122) that performs a computation on the first data to calculate a first checksum; a computer (130) that comprises a computation unit (131) that performs a computation on the input signal to calculate second data; and a transmission unit (160) that transmits the first checksum and the second data to a reception device (200).

Description

Transmitting device, receiving device, communication system, transmitting method, receiving method, and communication method

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a transmitting device, a receiving device, a communication system, a transmitting method, a receiving method, and a communication method for transmitting data.

[0002] Conventionally, computer systems that handle important data have been configured to use duplicated computers and compare the results of each computer to prevent the output from the computer from being affected by a hardware failure in one computer. The computer system compares the results of each computer and only adopts the result obtained by the computer if the results match. One method for comparing the results of each computer is to compare the results of each computer bit by bit, but this method of comparing bit by bit increases the circuit size as the amount of data increases.

[0003] To address this problem, Patent Document 1 discloses a technology in which, in a system having two counters, a parity generator outputs a parity bit signal corresponding to the logical state of each output from one of the counters, and a parity check circuit performs parity verification between the output from the other counter and the parity bit signal, thereby simplifying the circuitry and comparing the outputs from the two counters.

[0004] Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 55-95155

[0005] However, according to the above-mentioned conventional technology, although the counter is duplicated, there is a problem in that a single failure in the parity check circuit may result in an erroneous output from the counter being used.

[0006] The present disclosure has been made in consideration of the above, and aims to provide a transmitting device that can transmit information to a receiving device that allows for easy detection of defects in duplicated data calculations that occur in the transmitting device.

[0007] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems and achieve the objectives, the transmitting device of the present disclosure is characterized by comprising a first computer having a first calculation unit that performs calculations on an input signal to calculate first data and a first checksum calculation unit that performs calculations on the first data to calculate a first checksum, a second computer having a second calculation unit that performs calculations on the input signal to calculate second data, and a transmitting unit that transmits the first checksum and the second data to a receiving device.

[0008] The transmitting device of the present disclosure has an effect of being able to transmit to the receiving device information that enables easy detection of a defect that occurs in the transmitting device during the operation of duplicated data.

[0009] FIG. 1 shows an example of the configuration of a communication system according to the first embodiment. Flowchart showing the operation of a transmitting device according to the first embodiment. Flowchart showing the operation of a receiving device according to the first embodiment. FIG. 1 shows an example of the configuration of a processing circuit of a transmitting device according to the first embodiment when the processing circuit is realized by a processor and a memory. FIG. 1 shows an example of the configuration of a processing circuit of a transmitting device according to the first embodiment when the processing circuit is realized by dedicated hardware. FIG. 1 shows an example of the configuration of a communication system according to the second embodiment. Flowchart showing the operation of a transmitting device according to the second embodiment. Flowchart showing the operation of a receiving device according to the second embodiment. FIG. 1 shows an example of the configuration of a communication system according to the third embodiment. Flowchart showing the operation of a transmitting device according to the third embodiment. Flowchart showing the operation of a receiving device according to the third embodiment. FIG. 1 shows an example of the configuration of a communication system according to a fifth embodiment in which the first computer provided in the transmitting device of the first embodiment is configured redundantly. FIG. 2 shows an example of a data frame consisting of N first checksums and one second data, transmitted from a transmitting device to a receiving device in a communication system according to the fifth embodiment. FIG. 3 shows an example of the configuration of a communication system according to the fifth embodiment in which the first computer provided in the transmitting device of the second embodiment is configured redundantly. FIG. 4 shows an example of the configuration of a communication system according to the fifth embodiment in which the first computer provided in the transmitting device of the fourth embodiment is configured redundantly. FIG. 5 shows an example of the configuration of a communication system according to the sixth embodiment in which the first computer provided in the transmitting device of the sixth embodiment is configured redundantly.

[0010] A transmitting device, a receiving device, a communication system, a transmitting method, a receiving method, and a communication method according to embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0011] 1 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a communication system 300 according to a first embodiment. The communication system 300 includes a transmitting device 100 and a receiving device 200. The communication system 300 is a system used in, for example, a train safety device, and is intended to be used for ground-to-car communication between a train and a piece of ground equipment, communication between pieces of ground equipment, etc., but the uses of the communication system 300 are not limited to these.

[0012] First, the configuration and operation of the transmitting device 100 will be described. As shown in FIG. 1 , the transmitting device 100 includes a branching unit 110, a computer 120, a computer 130, a combining unit 150, and a transmitting unit 160. The computer 120 includes a calculation unit 121, a checksum calculation unit 122, and a timing adjustment interface 123. The computer 130 includes a calculation unit 131. Note that although the timing adjustment interface 123 is provided in the computer 120, it is an interface used between the computers 120 and 130 as shown in FIG. 1 . Therefore, the timing adjustment interface 123 may be provided in the computer 130, or may be provided in both the computers 120 and 130. The timing adjustment interface 123 may also be located outside the computers 120 and 130. As will be described later, the transmitting device 100 has a configuration in which two computers 120 and 130 perform calculations on the same input signal, i.e., the computer is duplicated. Fig. 2 is a flowchart showing the operation of the transmitting device 100 according to the first embodiment.

[0013] The branching unit 110 branches an input signal to be calculated by the calculation unit 121 of the computer 120 and the calculation unit 131 of the computer 130 (step S101). The branching unit 110 outputs one of the branched input signals to the calculation unit 121 of the computer 120, and outputs the other branched input signal to the calculation unit 131 of the computer 130. The branching unit 110 may duplicate the acquired input signal and output the input signal to the calculation unit 121 of the computer 120 and the calculation unit 131 of the computer 130. The input signal may be generated inside the transmitting device 100 or may be generated outside the transmitting device 100.

[0014] In the computer 120, the calculation unit 121 is a first calculation unit that performs a specified calculation on an input signal to calculate first data (step S102) and outputs the first data to the checksum calculation unit 122. The checksum calculation unit 122 is a first checksum calculation unit that performs a specified calculation on the first data to calculate a first checksum (step S103) and outputs the first checksum to the combining unit 150. The first checksum is one type of error detection code and is calculated by a general calculation. The same applies to the second checksum described below. In the following description, the computer 120 may be referred to as the first computer.

[0015] In the computer 130, the calculation unit 131 is a second calculation unit that performs a specified calculation on the input signal to calculate second data (step S104) and outputs the second data to the combining unit 150. Here, the calculation method of the calculation unit 121 of the computer 120 and the calculation method of the calculation unit 131 of the computer 130 are the same. In other words, when the calculation unit 121 of the computer 120 and the calculation unit 131 of the computer 130 both perform calculations normally, the first data and the second data calculated from the same input signal will have the same value. In the following description, the computer 130 may be referred to as the second computer.

[0016] The computer 120 outputs a signal for adjusting timing to the other computer 130 via the timing adjustment interface 123, and adjusts the timing at which the checksum calculation unit 122 of the computer 120 outputs the first checksum to the combining unit 150 and the timing at which the calculation unit 131 of the computer 130 outputs the second data to the combining unit 150 (step S105). Specifically, the computers 120 and 130 output timing messages to each other immediately before the checksum calculation unit 122 of the computer 120 outputs the first checksum to the combining unit 150 and immediately before the calculation unit 131 of the computer 130 outputs the second data to the combining unit 150. After confirming receipt of the timing message from the other computer, the computers 120 and 130 adjust the output timing of the checksum calculation unit 122 of the computer 120 and the calculation unit 131 of the computer 130 so that the timings are the same or within a specified time difference range. In this way, the computers 120 and 130 use the timing adjustment interface 123 to adjust the timing at which the checksum calculation unit 122 outputs the first checksum and the timing at which the calculation unit 131 outputs the second data.

[0017] The checksum calculation unit 122 of the computer 120 outputs the first checksum to the combining unit 150 in accordance with the timing adjusted by the timing message (step S106). The calculation unit 131 of the computer 130 outputs the second data to the combining unit 150 in accordance with the timing of the timing message output from the timing adjustment interface 123 (step S107).

[0018] The combining unit 150 combines the first checksum output from the checksum calculation unit 122 of the computer 120 with the second data output from the calculation unit 131 of the computer 130 (step S108). The combining unit 150 outputs the combined first checksum and second data to the transmitting unit 160. The combining unit 150 combines the first checksum and the second data, assuming that the first checksum that arrived from the checksum calculation unit 122 of the computer 120 and the second data that arrived from the calculation unit 131 of the computer 130 within the same or a specified time difference range are based on the same input signal. If the combining unit 150 is unable to obtain the first checksum and the second data within the specified time difference range, it may notify the user of the transmitting device 100 or the like of this fact.

[0019] The transmitting unit 160 transmits the first checksum and the second data to the receiving device 200 (step S109). In the first embodiment, the transmitting unit 160 transmits the first checksum and the second data combined by the combining unit 150 to the receiving device 200. For example, if the first data and the second data calculated by the calculation unit 121 of the computer 120 and the calculation unit 131 of the computer 130 are [0xc0 0xA8 0xFF 0x58] and the first checksum calculated by the checksum calculation unit 122 of the computer 120 is [0xBF], the combined first checksum and second data transmitted from the transmitting unit 160 will be [0xc0 0xA8 0xFF 0x58 0xBF]. Here, the combined first checksum and second data are arranged in the order of second data, first checksum; however, if the order is known between the transmitting device 100 and the receiving device 200, the order may be first checksum, second data.

[0020] Next, a description will be given of the configuration and operation of the receiving device 200. As shown in Fig. 1, the receiving device 200 includes a receiving unit 210, a checksum calculation unit 220, and a comparison unit 230. Fig. 3 is a flowchart showing the operation of the receiving device 200 according to the first embodiment.

[0021] The receiving unit 210 receives the first checksum calculated from the first data and the second data transmitted from the transmitting device 100 (step S201). In the first embodiment, the receiving unit 210 receives the combined first checksum and second data from the transmitting device 100. The receiving unit 210 divides the received first checksum and second data, outputs the first checksum to the comparing unit 230, and outputs the second data to the checksum calculation unit 220. Note that the receiving unit 210 may output the first checksum and second data in a combined state to the checksum calculation unit 220 without dividing them.

[0022] The checksum calculation unit 220 is a second checksum calculation unit that calculates a second checksum by performing a specified calculation on the second data acquired from the receiving unit 210 (step S202). The calculation method of the checksum calculation unit 122 included in the transmitting device 100 and the checksum calculation method of the checksum calculation unit 220 included in the receiving device 200 are the same. That is, if the first data input to the checksum calculation unit 122 of the transmitting device 100 and the second data input to the checksum calculation unit 220 of the receiving device 200 are identical and both the checksum calculation unit 122 of the transmitting device 100 and the checksum calculation unit 220 of the receiving device 200 perform calculations correctly, the calculated first checksum and second checksum will be the same value. The checksum calculation unit 220 outputs the second data acquired from the receiving unit 210, along with the calculated second checksum, to the comparison unit 230. In addition, if the checksum calculation unit 220 has also obtained a first checksum from the receiving unit 210, it outputs the first checksum and second data obtained from the receiving unit 210 to the comparison unit 230 along with the calculated second checksum.

[0023] The comparison unit 230 compares the first checksum with the second checksum. If the first checksum and the second checksum match (step S203: Yes), the comparison unit 230 adopts the second data (step S204). The comparison unit 230 may output the second data to another component (not shown) inside the receiving device 200, or may output the second data to an external device outside the receiving device 200. If the first checksum and the second checksum do not match (step S203: No), the comparison unit 230 notifies the user of the receiving device 200 or the like that the first checksum and the second checksum do not match (step S205).

[0024] Here, assume that some kind of malfunction has occurred in the transmitting device 100. For example, if the calculation unit 121 of the transmitting device 100 malfunctions, the calculation unit 121 will not be able to calculate accurate first data. Even if the checksum calculation unit 122 is not malfunctioning, it will use inaccurate first data and will not be able to calculate a first checksum for the originally accurate first data. Therefore, the comparison unit 230 of the receiving device 200 will determine that some kind of malfunction has occurred in the transmitting device 100 because the first checksum and the second checksum do not match. The same applies if the checksum calculation unit 122 of the transmitting device 100 malfunctions.

[0025] Furthermore, if the calculation unit 131 of the transmitting device 100 malfunctions, the calculation unit 131 will be unable to calculate accurate second data. The checksum calculation unit 220 of the receiving device 200 will use the inaccurate second data and will therefore be unable to calculate a second checksum for the correct second data. Therefore, the comparison unit 230 of the receiving device 200 will be able to determine that some kind of malfunction has occurred in the transmitting device 100 because the first checksum and the second checksum do not match.

[0026] If the combining unit 150 of the transmitting device 100 fails, the transmitting unit 160 can detect that the data is inaccurate by performing the same checksum calculation as the receiving device 200, and the transmitting device 100 can determine that some kind of problem has occurred in the received data. Therefore, if the combining unit 150 fails, inaccurate data caused by the failure of the combining unit 150 will not be sent from the transmitting unit 160 of the transmitting device 100 to the receiving device 200.

[0027] In this way, by using the information received from the transmitting device 100, the receiving device 200 can easily detect a defect in the duplicated data calculation that occurred in the transmitting device 100. In other words, it can be said that the transmitting device 100 can transmit information to the receiving device 200 that enables easy detection of a defect in the duplicated data calculation that occurred in the transmitting device 100. Incidentally, a possible cause of the first checksum and the second checksum not matching may be a malfunction of the checksum calculation unit 220 of the receiving device 200, which prevents the checksum calculation unit 220 from calculating an accurate second checksum. Therefore, the comparing unit 230 of the receiving device 200 may determine that some kind of defect has occurred in the transmitting device 100 or the receiving device 200 when the first checksum and the second checksum do not match. However, considering the complexity of the operations of the transmitting device 100 and the receiving device 200, it is considered that the probability of a defect occurring is higher in the transmitting device 100 than in the receiving device 200.

[0028] Next, the hardware configuration of the transmitting device 100 according to the first embodiment will be described. In the transmitting device 100, the transmitting unit 160 is a transmitter capable of transmitting the first checksum and the second data to the receiving device 200. The branching unit 110, the computers 120 and 130, and the combining unit 150 are realized by processing circuits. The processing circuit may be a memory that stores a program and a processor that executes the program stored in the memory, or may be dedicated hardware. The processing circuit is also called a control circuit.

[0029] FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a processing circuit 900 of the transmitting device 100 according to the first embodiment, when the processing circuit is realized by a processor 901 and a memory 902. The processing circuit 900 illustrated in FIG. 4 is a control circuit and includes a processor 901 and a memory 902. When the processing circuit 900 is configured with the processor 901 and the memory 902, each function of the processing circuit 900 is realized by software, firmware, or a combination of software and firmware. The software or firmware is written as a program and stored in the memory 902. In the processing circuit 900, each function is realized by the processor 901 reading and executing the program stored in the memory 902. That is, the processing circuit 900 includes the memory 902 for storing a program that results in the processing of the transmitting device 100 being executed. This program can also be said to be a program that causes the transmitting device 100 to execute each function realized by the processing circuit 900. This program may be provided by a storage medium on which the program is stored, or by other means such as a communication medium.

[0030] The above program can also be said to be a program that causes the transmitting device 100 to execute the following steps: a first calculation step in which the calculation unit 121 of the computer 120 performs calculations on the input signal to calculate first data; a first checksum calculation step in which the checksum calculation unit 122 of the computer 120 performs calculations on the first data to calculate a first checksum; a second calculation step in which the calculation unit 131 of the computer 130 performs calculations on the input signal to calculate second data; and a transmission step in which the transmitting unit 160 transmits the first checksum and the second data to the receiving device 200.

[0031] Here, the processor 901 is, for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a processing device, an arithmetic unit, a microprocessor, a microcomputer, or a DSP (Digital Signal Processor), etc. Furthermore, the memory 902 is, for example, a non-volatile or volatile semiconductor memory such as a RAM (Random Access Memory), a ROM (Read Only Memory), a flash memory, an EPROM (Erasable Programmable ROM), or an EEPROM (Electrically EPROM), a magnetic disk, a flexible disk, an optical disk, a compact disk, a minidisk, or a DVD (Digital Versatile Disc).

[0032] 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of the processing circuit 903 of the transmitting device 100 according to the first embodiment when the processing circuit is realized by dedicated hardware. The processing circuit 903 illustrated in FIG. 5 corresponds to, for example, a single circuit, a composite circuit, a programmed processor, a parallel programmed processor, an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), or a combination thereof. The processing circuit 903 may be partially realized by dedicated hardware and partially realized by software or firmware. In this way, the processing circuit 903 can realize each of the above-described functions by dedicated hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof.

[0033] The hardware configuration of the transmitting device 100 has been described above, and the hardware configuration of the receiving device 200 is also similar. In the receiving device 200, the receiving unit 210 is a receiver capable of receiving the first checksum and the second data from the transmitting device 100. The checksum calculation unit 220 and the comparison unit 230 are realized by a processing circuit. The processing circuit may be a memory that stores a program and a processor that executes the program stored in the memory, or it may be dedicated hardware.

[0034] As described above, according to this embodiment, in the communication system 300, for the same input signal, the transmitting device 100 has the computer 120 calculate first data, the computer 130 calculate a first checksum for the first data, and the computer 130 calculate second data, and combine the first checksum and the second data and transmit the combined data to the receiving device 200. The receiving device 200 calculates a second checksum for the second data, and if the first checksum and the second checksum match, the receiving device 200 adopts the second data. If the first checksum and the second checksum do not match, the receiving device 200 can determine that some kind of malfunction has occurred in the transmitting device 100. In other words, the transmitting device 100 can transmit to the receiving device 200 information that enables easy detection of a malfunction in the duplicated data calculation that has occurred in the transmitting device 100.

[0035] Embodiment 2 In the first embodiment, the transmitting device 100 combines the first checksum and the second data and transmits them to the receiving device 200. In the second embodiment, a case will be described in which the transmitting device transmits the first checksum and the second data to the receiving device 200 without combining them.

[0036] 6 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a communication system 300a according to the second embodiment. The communication system 300a includes a transmitting device 100a and a receiving device 200. The application of the communication system 300a is similar to that of the communication system 300 according to the first embodiment.

[0037] First, the configuration and operation of the transmitting device 100a will be described. As shown in FIG. 6, the transmitting device 100a is configured by adding an identification information generation unit 141 to each of the computers 120 and 130 of the transmitting device 100 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1. The identification information generation unit 141 of the computer 120 is a first identification information generation unit that generates identification information for first data. The identification information generation unit 141 of the computer 130 is a second identification information generation unit that generates identification information for second data. FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the operation of the transmitting device 100a according to the second embodiment. In the flowchart shown in FIG. 7, the operations of steps S101, S102, and S104 are the same as the operations of steps S101, S102, and S104 in the flowchart of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 2.

[0038] The identification information generation units 141 of the computers 120 and 130 generate identification information for the first data and the second data based on the same input signal (step S111). Here, the identification information is generated, for example, by the identification information generation units 141 of the computers 120 and 130 incrementing an integer by one for each input signal. When generating identification information in this manner, the computers 120 and 130 do not require timing adjustment using the timing adjustment interface 123. Alternatively, each computer 120 and 130 can output an integer generated by itself to the other computer in a timing message and generate identification information by adding the value generated by itself and the value transmitted from the other computer. Here, each computer 120 and 130 may generate the "integer generated by itself" by incrementing it by one, or may generate a randomly generated value. Furthermore, the method of combining the integer generated by the computer 120 with the integer generated by the other computer does not need to be limited to addition, and may be addition, subtraction, multiplication, or division, or may be any other calculation formula that follows a specific rule. The identification information generation unit 141 of the computer 120 generates identification information that is the same as the identification information generated by the identification information generation unit 141 of the computer 130, and outputs it to the checksum calculation unit 122 of the computer 120. The identification information generation unit 141 of the computer 130 generates identification information that is the same as the identification information generated by the identification information generation unit 141 of the computer 120, and outputs it to the calculation unit 131 of the computer 130. Although not shown in FIG. 6 , the identification information generation units 141 of the computers 120 and 130 may obtain information branched from the input signal from the branching unit 110, generate identification information, and output the identification information to the checksum calculation unit 122 of the computer 120 and the calculation unit 131 of the computer 130. In this way, the identification information generation unit 141 of the computer 120 and the identification information generation unit 141 of the computer 130 generate identification information using a specified generation method so that the same identification information is generated for the first data and the second data based on the same input signal.

[0039] The checksum calculation unit 122 of the computer 120 calculates a first checksum by adding the identification information obtained from the identification information generation unit 141 to the first data calculated by the calculation unit 121, and outputs the first checksum to the transmission unit 160 (step S112). Also, the calculation unit 131 of the computer 130 adds the identification information obtained from the identification information generation unit 141 to the calculated second data, and outputs the second data to the transmission unit 160 (step S113).

[0040] The transmitting unit 160 transmits to the receiving device 200 a first checksum calculated from the first data to which identification information has been added, which has been obtained from the checksum calculation unit 122 of the computer 120. The transmitting unit 160 also transmits to the receiving device 200 the second data to which identification information has been added, which has been obtained from the calculation unit 131 of the computer 130 (step S114). The transmitting unit 160 may transmit the first checksum to the receiving device 200 at the same time as or at different times from the second data to the receiving device 200.

[0041] In the first embodiment, the transmitting device 100 combines the first checksum and the second data based on the same input signal and transmits the combined data to the receiving device 200, thereby allowing the receiving device 200 to ascertain the combination of the first checksum and the second data based on the same input signal. In contrast, in the second embodiment, the transmitting device 100a transmits to the receiving device 200 a first checksum calculated by adding identification information to the first data based on the same input signal and the second data to which the identification information has been added, thereby allowing the receiving device 200 to ascertain the combination of the first checksum and the second data based on the same input signal.

[0042] Next, a description will be given of the configuration and operation of the receiving apparatus 200. As shown in Fig. 6, the configuration of the receiving apparatus 200 is the same as the configuration of the receiving apparatus 200 of the first embodiment shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 8 is a flowchart showing the operation of the receiving apparatus 200 according to the second embodiment.

[0043] If the receiving unit 210 has not received the first checksum and the second data from the transmitting device 100a (step S211: No), the receiving unit 210 waits until the first checksum and the second data are received. If the receiving unit 210 has received the first checksum and the second data from the transmitting device 100a (step S211: Yes), the receiving unit 210 outputs the first checksum to the comparing unit 230 and outputs the second data to the checksum calculating unit 220.

[0044] The checksum calculation unit 220 calculates a second checksum by performing a specified calculation on the second data acquired from the receiving unit 210 (step S202). At this time, since identification information is attached to the second data, the checksum calculation unit 220 calculates the second checksum by performing a calculation on the second data with the identification information attached. In the second embodiment, the calculation method of the checksum calculation unit 220 is the same as the calculation method of the checksum calculation unit 122 of the transmitting device 100a of the second embodiment. The checksum calculation unit 220 outputs the second data acquired from the receiving unit 210 together with the calculated second checksum to the comparing unit 230. Note that if the checksum calculation unit 220 has also acquired a first checksum from the receiving unit 210, it outputs the first checksum and the second data acquired from the receiving unit 210 together with the calculated second checksum to the comparing unit 230.

[0045] The comparator 230 compares the first checksum calculated from the first data to which the same identification information as that assigned to the second data has been assigned with the second checksum. If the first checksum and the second checksum match (step S203: Yes), the comparator 230 adopts the second data (step S204). In the second embodiment, the first checksum is calculated by including the identification information in the first data, and the second checksum is calculated by including the identification information in the second data. The first data and the second data are calculated from the same input signal and have the same identification information. Therefore, if the first checksum and the second checksum match, all calculations in the transmitter 100a and the checksum calculator 220 have been performed successfully. The comparator 230 deletes the identification information assigned to the second data and may output the second data to another component (not shown) within the receiver 200 or to an external device. If the first checksum and the second checksum do not match (step S203: No), the comparison unit 230 notifies the user of the receiving device 200 or the like that the first checksum and the second checksum do not match (step S205).

[0046] The hardware configuration of the transmitting device 100a will now be described. In the transmitting device 100a, the identification information generating unit 141 is realized by a processing circuit. The processing circuit may be a memory that stores a program and a processor that executes the program stored in the memory, or it may be dedicated hardware.

[0047] As described above, according to the present embodiment, in the communication system 300a, the transmitting device 100a separately transmits to the receiving device 200 the first checksum calculated from the first data to which identification information has been added, and the second data to which the same identification information as the identification information added to the first data has been added. Even in this case, the communication system 300a can obtain the same effects as in the first embodiment.

[0048] Embodiment 3 In the first embodiment, the transmitting device 100 transmits the first checksum and the second data based on a certain input signal once to the receiving device 200. In the third embodiment, a case will be described in which the transmitting device transmits the first checksum and the second data based on a certain input signal to the receiving device 200 multiple times, i.e., continuously.

[0049] 9 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a communication system 300b according to the third embodiment. The communication system 300b includes a transmitting device 100b and a receiving device 200. The application of the communication system 300b is similar to that of the communication system 300 according to the first embodiment.

[0050] First, the configuration and operation of the transmitting device 100b will be described. As shown in FIG. 9, the transmitting device 100b is configured by adding a duplicate serial number assigning unit 111 to each of the computers 120 and 130 in comparison with the transmitting device 100 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1. The duplicate serial number assigning unit 111 of the computer 120 is a first duplicate serial number assigning unit that duplicates an input signal, assigns a serial number to each input signal obtained by duplicating the input signal, and outputs the duplicated input signal to the calculation unit 121. The duplicate serial number assigning unit 111 of the computer 130 is a second duplicate serial number assigning unit that duplicates an input signal, assigns a serial number to each input signal obtained by duplicating the input signal, and outputs the duplicated input signal to the calculation unit 131. FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing the operation of the transmitting device 100b according to the third embodiment.

[0051] After the operation of step S101, the copy serial number assignment unit 111 of each computer 120, 130 copies the input signal acquired from the branch unit 110 and assigns a serial number to each of the acquired input signals (step S121). The copy serial number assignment unit 111 copies the input signal the number of times that the transmitting device 100b transmits the first checksum and the second data to the receiving device 200. For example, if the transmitting device 100b transmits the first checksum and the second data five times to the receiving device 200, the copy serial number assignment unit 111 copies the input signal to prepare five copies and assigns a serial number to each input signal. The five serial numbers are, for example, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, etc. The duplicate serial number assignment unit 111 of the computer 120 outputs the input signal assigned with serial number 1, the input signal assigned with serial number 2, the input signal assigned with serial number 3, the input signal assigned with serial number 4, and the input signal assigned with serial number 5 to the calculation unit 121. Similarly, the duplicate serial number assignment unit 111 of the computer 130 outputs the input signal assigned with serial number 1, the input signal assigned with serial number 2, the input signal assigned with serial number 3, the input signal assigned with serial number 4, and the input signal assigned with serial number 5 to the calculation unit 131.

[0052] In the computer 120, the calculation unit 121 performs a specified calculation on each of the replicated input signals with different serial numbers to calculate first data (step S102), and outputs the first data to the checksum calculation unit 122. Here, in the example described above, the calculation unit 121 calculates the first data by performing a calculation on five input signals that are the same input signal but have different serial numbers, but the calculation is performed including the serial numbers. Therefore, the five first data calculated by the calculation unit 121 for the five input signals will all be different values.

[0053] The checksum calculation unit 122 calculates a first checksum by performing calculation on each of the plurality of first data (step S103). In the above example, the five first data have different values, so the five first checksums calculated by the checksum calculation unit 122 for the five first data have different values.

[0054] In the computer 130, the calculation unit 131 calculates second data by performing calculations on each of the duplicated input signals with different serial numbers (step S104). Here, while the calculation unit 131 calculates second data by performing calculations on five input signals that are the same but have different serial numbers in the example described above, the calculation is performed including the serial numbers. Therefore, the five second data calculated by the calculation unit 131 for the five input signals will all be different values. In the flowchart shown in FIG. 10, the operations from step S105 to step S109 onward require more work by the transmitting device 100b since the input signals are duplicated, but the individual operations themselves are the same as the operations from step S105 to step S109 in the flowchart of embodiment 1 shown in FIG. 2.

[0055] Next, a description will be given of the configuration and operation of the receiving apparatus 200. As shown in Fig. 9, the configuration of the receiving apparatus 200 is the same as the configuration of the receiving apparatus 200 according to the first embodiment shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 11 is a flowchart showing the operation of the receiving apparatus 200 according to the third embodiment.

[0056] The receiving unit 210 receives the first checksum and the second data transmitted from the transmitting device 100b (step S201). In the example described above, the receiving unit 210 receives the first checksum and the second data based on the same input signal five times, but the individual operations are the same as those in the first embodiment.

[0057] When the input signal is duplicated in the transmitting device 100b and a different serial number is assigned to each input signal, the computer 120 calculates a first checksum for each of the duplicated input signals with different serial numbers, and the computer 130 calculates second data for each of the duplicated input signals with different serial numbers, the checksum calculation unit 220 calculates a second checksum by performing calculation on all of the second data based on the same input signal (step S202). In the above example, the five second data are all different values, so the five second checksums calculated by the checksum calculation unit 220 for the five second data are all different values.

[0058] The comparator 230 compares the first checksum and the second checksum for each serial number. If the first checksum and the second checksum all match (step S221: Yes), the comparator 230 adopts the second data (step S204). In the example described above, five combinations of the first and second checksums are possible. Therefore, the comparator 230 compares the first checksum and the second checksum based on the same input signal five times. If the first checksum and the second checksum match all five times, the comparator 230 adopts the second data. In the third embodiment, the transmitter 100b combines the first checksum and the second data and transmits them. Therefore, each component of the receiver 200 can consider the combined first checksum and the second data received to be based on an input signal with the same serial number. The comparison unit 230 compares the first checksum with the second checksum for each serial number, and if there is even one combination in which the first checksum and the second checksum do not match (step S221: No), it notifies the user of the receiving device 200 or the like that the first checksum and the second checksum do not match (step S205).

[0059] The hardware configuration of the transmission device 100b will be described. In the transmission device 100b, the copy serial number assignment unit 111 is realized by a processing circuit. The processing circuit may be a memory that stores a program and a processor that executes the program stored in the memory, or it may be dedicated hardware.

[0060] As described above, according to the present embodiment, in the communication system 300b, the transmitting device 100b duplicates one input signal, assigns a serial number to each input signal, and performs the same operation as the transmitting device 100 of the first embodiment for each input signal assigned a different serial number. The receiving device 200 compares the first checksum with the second checksum for each serial number, and adopts the second data if all checksums match. If there is even one combination in which the first checksum and the second checksum do not match, the receiving device 200 can determine that some kind of malfunction has occurred in the transmitting device 100b. In other words, the transmitting device 100b can transmit to the receiving device 200 information that enables easy detection of a malfunction in the calculation of duplicated data that has occurred in the transmitting device 100b. In the third embodiment, the communication system 300b can improve the accuracy with which the receiving device 200 detects a malfunction in the transmitting device 100b compared to the accuracy with which the receiving device 200 detects a malfunction in the transmitting device 100 in the first embodiment.

[0061] In the third embodiment, the case where the transmitting device 100b continuously transmits the first checksum and the second data five times has been specifically described, but the number of continuous transmissions by the transmitting device 100b is not limited to this. The communication system 300b can appropriately increase or decrease the number of continuous transmissions by the transmitting device 100b depending on the number of bits of the first data and the second data, the degree to which errors are desired to be detected, and the like. The same applies to the fourth embodiment described below.

[0062] Embodiment 4. In the third embodiment, using the first embodiment as an example, a case was described in which the transmitting device 100b transmits, i.e., continuously transmits, a first checksum and second data based on a certain input signal to the receiving device 200 a plurality of times. In the fourth embodiment, using the second embodiment as an example, a case will be described in which the transmitting device transmits, i.e., continuously transmits, a first checksum and second data based on a certain input signal to the receiving device 200 a plurality of times.

[0063] 12 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a communication system 300c according to the fourth embodiment. The communication system 300c includes a transmitting device 100c and a receiving device 200. The use of the communication system 300c is similar to that of the communication system 300 according to the first embodiment.

[0064] First, the configuration and operation of the transmitting device 100c will be described. As shown in FIG. 12, the transmitting device 100c is configured by adding a duplication serial number assignment unit 111 to each of the computers 120 and 130 of the transmitting device 100a of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 6. FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing the operation of the transmitting device 100c according to the fourth embodiment. The flowchart of the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 13 differs from the flowchart of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 7 in the operation of step S121, but the operation of step S121 is the same as the operation of step S121 in the flowchart of the third embodiment shown in FIG. 10. Therefore, detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[0065] Next, the configuration and operation of the receiving device 200 will be described. As shown in FIG. 12, the configuration of the receiving device 200 is the same as the configuration of the receiving device 200 of embodiment 2 shown in FIG. 6. FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing the operation of the receiving device 200 according to embodiment 4. The flowchart of embodiment 4 shown in FIG. 14 differs from the flowchart of embodiment 2 shown in FIG. 8 in the operation of step S221, but the operation of step S221 is the same as the operation of step S221 in the flowchart of embodiment 3 shown in FIG. 11. Therefore, detailed description will be omitted. In embodiment 4, the first checksum is calculated by adding identification information to first data based on an input signal assigned with a serial number, and the second checksum is calculated by adding identification information to second data based on an input signal assigned with a serial number. The first data and the second data are calculated from the same input signal assigned with the same serial number, and the identification information is the same. Therefore, if the first checksum and the second checksum all match, all calculations in the transmitting device 100c and the checksum calculation unit 220 have been performed successfully.

[0066] As described above, according to the present embodiment, in the communication system 300c, the transmitting device 100c duplicates one input signal, assigns a serial number to each input signal, and performs the same operation as the transmitting device 100a of the second embodiment for each of the input signals assigned with different serial numbers, i.e., transmits a first checksum calculated from the first data assigned with identification information and second data assigned with the same identification information as the identification information assigned to the first data separately to the receiving device 200. Even in this case, the communication system 300c can obtain the same effect as in the third embodiment.

[0067] Embodiment 5 In the first to fourth embodiments, in order to detect defects in duplicated data calculations, each transmitting device has one first computer 120 for the second computer 130. In the fifth embodiment, a case will be described in which the transmitting device further has a plurality of first computers 120, that is, the transmitting device multiplexes the first computers 120.

[0068] FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a communication system 300d according to a fifth embodiment, in which the first computer included in the transmitting device 100 according to the first embodiment is configured redundantly. The communication system 300d includes a transmitting device 100d and a receiving device 200d. The use of the communication system 300d is similar to that of the communication system 300 according to the first embodiment. The transmitting device 100d is designed to be the same as the transmitting device 100 according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, but includes multiple computers 120, i.e., N computers 120-1 to 120-N in the example of FIG. 15. N is an integer equal to or greater than 2. When the computers 120-1 to 120-N are not distinguished from one another, they are simply referred to as computers 120. The following describes the operation of the communication system 300d, focusing on the differences from the operation of the communication system 300 according to the first embodiment.

[0069] In the transmitting device 100d, the branching section 110 branches the input signal into N+1 signals and outputs each input signal to the computers 120-1 to 120-N and the computer 130.

[0070] In computers 120-1 to 120-N, each calculation unit 121 performs a similar specified calculation on an input signal to calculate first data and outputs the first data to checksum calculation unit 122. In computers 120-1 to 120-N, each checksum calculation unit 122 performs a similar specified calculation on the first data to calculate a first checksum and outputs the first checksum to combining unit 150. In this embodiment, each calculation unit 121 and each checksum calculation unit 122 of computers 120-1 to 120-N performs a similar calculation. Therefore, when calculations are normally performed in each calculation unit 121 and each checksum calculation unit 122 of computers 120-1 to 120-N, the first checksums output from computers 120-1 to 120-N will all have the same value.

[0071] Each checksum calculation unit 122 of computers 120-1 to 120-N and calculation unit 131 of computer 130 use timing messages via timing adjustment interface 123 to adjust the timing at which each checksum calculation unit 122 of computers 120-1 to 120-N outputs the first checksum to combination unit 150 and the timing at which calculation unit 131 of computer 130 outputs the second data to combination unit 150. Each checksum calculation unit 122 of computers 120-1 to 120-N outputs the first checksum to combination unit 150 in accordance with the adjusted timing. Furthermore, calculation unit 131 of computer 130 outputs the second data to combination unit 150 in accordance with the adjusted timing.

[0072] The combining unit 150 combines N first checksums output from the checksum calculation units 122 of the computers 120-1 to 120-N with one piece of second data output from the calculation unit 131 of the computer 130. The combining unit 150 outputs the combined N first checksums and one piece of second data to the transmitting unit 160. The combining unit 150 combines the N first checksums and one piece of second data, assuming that the N first checksums arriving from the checksum calculation units 122 of the computers 120-1 to 120-N within the same or a specified time difference range and the one piece of second data arriving from the calculation unit 131 of the computer 130 are based on the same input signal. If the combining unit 150 is unable to acquire the N first checksums and one piece of second data within the specified time difference range, it may notify the user of the transmitting device 100d of this fact.

[0073] The transmitting unit 160 transmits N first checksums and one piece of second data to the receiving device 200d. For example, if the first data and second data calculated by each of the calculation units 121 of the computers 120-1 to 120-N and the calculation unit 131 of the computer 130 are [0xc0 0xA8 0xFF 0x58] and the first checksum calculated by each of the checksum calculation units 122 of the computers 120-1 to 120-N is [0xBF], the combined N first checksums and one piece of second data transmitted from the transmitting unit 160 will be [0xBF 0xBF ... 0xBF 0xc0 0xA8 0xFF 0x58].

[0074] 16 is a diagram illustrating an example of a data frame composed of N first checksums and one piece of second data transmitted from a transmitting device 100d to a receiving device 200d in a communication system 300d according to embodiment 5. In FIG. 16, the first checksum is represented by CS, and the second data is represented by D. Note that, here, the combined N first checksums and one piece of second data are arranged in the order of N first checksums, followed by one piece of second data. However, as long as the order is known between the transmitting device 100d and the receiving device 200d, the order may be one piece of second data followed by N first checksums.

[0075] In the receiving device 200d, the receiving unit 210 receives the N first checksums and one piece of second data transmitted from the transmitting device 100d. The receiving unit 210 divides the received N first checksums and one piece of second data, and outputs the N first checksums, i.e., multiple first checksums, to the comparing unit 230 and the single piece of second data to the checksum calculating unit 220. The operation of the checksum calculating unit 220 is the same as that of the checksum calculating unit 220 in the first embodiment.

[0076] The comparator 230 compares N first checksums with one second checksum. If the N first checksums and one second checksum match, the comparator 230 adopts the second data. If any one of the N first checksums and one second checksum does not match, the comparator 230 notifies the user of the receiving device 200d or the like that the N first checksums and one second checksum do not match.

[0077] Assume now that some malfunction has occurred in one of the components of the communication system 300d. For example, if one or more of the computers 120-1 to 120-N included in the transmitting device 100d malfunction, the malfunctioning computers 120 will output a first checksum that differs from that of the remaining computers 120. In this case, the comparator 230 of the receiving device 200d will determine that the N first checksums and one second checksum do not match, and therefore the second data will not be adopted.

[0078] Furthermore, if the computer 130 included in the transmitting device 100d fails, the second checksum calculated by the checksum calculation unit 220 of the receiving device 200d will have a different value from the N first checksums calculated by the computers 120-1 to 120-N of the transmitting device 100d. In this case, the comparison unit 230 of the receiving device 200d will also determine that the N first checksums and the single second checksum do not match, and therefore the second data will not be adopted.

[0079] Furthermore, if the combining unit 150 of the transmitting device 100d fails, the N first checksums and one piece of second data will not be correctly combined, and the receiving device 200d will not be able to receive the data frame shown in Fig. 16. In this case, the receiving device 200d will not use the second data.

[0080] Furthermore, if the receiving device 200d breaks down, the N first checksums cannot be compared with one second checksum, and therefore the second data will not be adopted.

[0081] In this way, the communication system 300d can prevent an erroneous calculation result from being output even if a malfunction occurs in any of the components.

[0082] In the receiving device 200d, the comparator 230 may adopt the second data even if a specified percentage or more of the N first checksums match one second checksum. That is, the comparator 230 may compare the N first checksums with one second checksum and determine whether to adopt the second data based on the percentage of match. As a result, even if some of the computers 120-1 to 120-N of the transmitting device 100d fail, the communication system 300d can adopt the second data in the receiving device 200d as long as the number of failed computers 120 is small, while the transmitting device 100d continues to operate and the failed computers 120 of the computers 120-1 to 120-N of the transmitting device 100d are repaired or replaced.

[0083] As described above, in the present embodiment, in transmitting device 100d, calculation units 121, which are first calculation units provided in computers 120-1 to 120-N, which are the plurality of first computers, each calculate first data using the same calculation method. Checksum calculation units 122, which are first checksum calculation units provided in computers 120-1 to 120-N, which are the plurality of first computers, each calculate first checksums using the same calculation method. Transmitting unit 160 transmits to receiving device 200d the plurality of first checksums calculated by checksum calculation units 122, which are the plurality of first checksum calculation units, and one piece of second data calculated by calculation unit 131 of computer 130, which is the second computer.

[0084] In receiving device 200d, receiving unit 210 receives a plurality of first checksums calculated using the same calculation method by checksum calculation units 122, which are a plurality of first checksum calculation units included in transmitting device 100d, and a single piece of second data calculated by calculation unit 131 of computer 130, which is a second computer. Checksum calculation unit 220, which is a second checksum calculation unit, calculates a single second checksum for the second data using the same calculation method as the calculation method used by checksum calculation units 122, which are a plurality of first checksum calculation units included in transmitting device 100d. Comparing unit 230 compares the multiple first checksums with the single second checksum and determines whether to adopt the second data depending on the rate of match.

[0085] As described above, according to this embodiment, in the communication system 300d, the transmitting device 100d includes a plurality of computers 120-1 to 120-N, which calculate first checksums using the same calculation method and output a plurality of first checksums and one piece of second data. The receiving device 200d calculates a single second checksum using the second data using the same calculation method as the calculation method used by the transmitting device 100d, and compares the multiple first checksums with the single second checksum to determine whether to adopt the second data. Thus, by making the computers 120 redundant, the communication system 300d can improve the accuracy of detecting defects in data calculations compared to the communication system 300 of the first embodiment.

[0086] Although the first embodiment has been described as an example, this embodiment can also be applied to the second to fourth embodiments. FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a communication system 300e according to a fifth embodiment in which the first computer included in the transmission device 100a according to the second embodiment is configured redundantly. The communication system 300e includes a transmission device 100e and a reception device 200d. In the communication system 300e shown in FIG. 17, the transmission device 100e is configured such that the computer 120 of the transmission device 100a of the communication system 300a shown in FIG. 6 is configured redundantly. FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a communication system 300f according to the fifth embodiment in which the first computer included in the transmission device 100b according to the third embodiment is configured redundantly. The communication system 300f includes a transmission device 100f and a reception device 200d. In a communication system 300f shown in FIG. 18, a transmitting device 100f is configured such that the computer 120 of the transmitting device 100b of the communication system 300b shown in FIG. 9 is redundantly configured. FIG. 19 is a diagram showing an example of a configuration of a communication system 300g according to a fifth embodiment in which the first computer provided in the transmitting device 100c of the fourth embodiment is configured redundantly. The communication system 300g includes a transmitting device 100g and a receiving device 200d. In the communication system 300g shown in FIG. 19, the transmitting device 100g is configured such that the computer 120 of the transmitting device 100c of the communication system 300c shown in FIG. 12 is redundantly configured. Although detailed description will be omitted, the differences in operation from the original embodiment are similar to the differences between the operation of this embodiment described in the present embodiment and the operation of the first embodiment.

[0087] In the transmitting device 100d shown in FIG. 15 and described in the fifth embodiment, the combining unit 150 constructs a data frame using N first checksums acquired from the checksum calculation units 122 of the computers 120-1 to 120-N. However, this is not limiting. The combining unit 150 may include a checksum calculation unit 122 (not shown) and perform checksum calculation on the N first checksums calculated by the checksum calculation units 122 of the computers 120-1 to 120-N and acquired from the checksum calculation units 122 of the computers 120-1 to 120-N, thereby aggregating them into a single checksum. In this case, the combining unit 150 constructs a data frame by combining the single aggregated checksum with a single piece of second data acquired from the calculation unit 131 of the computer 130. The transmitting unit 160 transmits the aggregated checksum and the single piece of second data to the receiving device 200d.

[0088] When the transmitting device 100d has such a configuration, the receiving unit 210 of the receiving device 200d shown in FIG. 15 described in the fifth embodiment receives a data frame including one checksum aggregated by the checksum calculation unit 122 of the combining unit 150 provided in the transmitting device 100d and one second data item calculated by the calculation unit 131 of the computer 130, which is the second computer. The checksum calculation unit 220, which is the second checksum calculation unit, calculates multiple second checksums for the second data item using the same calculation method as that used by the checksum calculation units 122, which are the multiple first checksum calculation units provided in the computers 120-1 to 120-N of the transmitting device 100d. Next, the checksum calculation unit 220 performs a single checksum calculation on the multiple calculated second checksums using the same calculation method as that used by the checksum calculation unit 122 of the combining unit 150 provided in the transmitting device 100d, i.e., a checksum calculation that aggregates the multiple calculated second checksums into a single checksum. The comparison unit 230 compares the single checksum that was aggregated by the transmitting device 100 and included in the data frame with the single aggregated checksum that is the result of calculation by the checksum calculation unit 220, and determines whether or not to adopt the second data.

[0089] Sixth Embodiment In the fifth embodiment, a case was described in which a transmitting device includes a plurality of computers 120, and each computer 120 performs the same calculation. In the sixth embodiment, a case will be described in which a transmitting device includes a plurality of computers 120, and the checksum calculation units 122 of each computer 120 perform different calculations.

[0090] As in the case of the fifth embodiment, a specific example will be described in which this embodiment is applied to the configuration of the first embodiment. In the sixth embodiment, the configuration of the communication system 300d is the same as that of the communication system 300d in the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 15. In the sixth embodiment, the configuration of the communication system 300d itself is the same as that in the fifth embodiment, but in FIG. 15, the N first checksum values ​​output from the checksum calculation units 122 of the computers 120-1 to 120-N are different from each other. Strictly speaking, in FIG. 15, the output from the checksum calculation unit 220 of the receiving device 200d to the comparison unit 230 is "multiple second checksums + second data," as will be described later. Below, the operation of the communication system 300d in the sixth embodiment will be described, focusing on the differences from the operation of the communication system 300d in the fifth embodiment.

[0091] In the transmitting device 100d, the first data calculated correctly by each of the calculation units 121 of the computers 120-1 to 120-N is assumed to be [0xc0 0xA8 0xFF 0x58]. In this embodiment, the checksum calculation units 122 of the computers 120-1 to 120-N calculate the first checksum using different calculation methods. For example, the checksum calculation unit 122 of the computer 120-1 calculates the first checksum CS using a calculation method that uses the lower two bits of the result of simple addition of the first data. １ The checksum calculation unit 122 of the computer 120-2 calculates the first checksum CS by a calculation method that uses the one's complement of the two least significant bits of the result of the simple addition of the first data. ２The checksum calculation unit 122 of the computer 120-3 (not shown) calculates the first checksum CS using a 2-bit CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) code and a calculation method using 101 as the generating polynomial. ３ The checksum calculation unit 122 of the computer 120-N calculates the first checksum CS by using a 3-bit CRC code and a calculation method using 1001 as the generating polynomial. Ｎ The checksum calculation unit 122 of each of the computers 120-1 to 120-N may use a different generating polynomial with the same bit length.

[0092] 20 is a diagram illustrating an example of a data frame including N first checksums and one second data transmitted from a transmitting device 100d to a receiving device 200d in a communication system 300d according to the sixth embodiment. １ ~CS Ｎ The first checksum is represented by "0xBF 0x40 0x02 ... 0x06 0xc0 0xA8 0xFF 0x58", and the second data is represented by D. Note that here, the combined N first checksums and one second data are arranged in the order of N first checksums and one second data. However, if the order is known between the transmitting device 100d and the receiving device 200d, the order may be one second data and N first checksums. When the above-mentioned first checksum is applied to the data frame of FIG. 20, [0xBF 0x40 0x02 ... 0x06 0xc0 0xA8 0xFF 0x58] is transmitted from the transmitting device 100d to the receiving device 200d as N first checksums and one second data.

[0093] In the receiving device 200d, the receiving unit 210 outputs a plurality of first checksums, here [0xBF 0x40 0x02 ... 0x06 0xc0 0xA8 0xFF 0x58], of the N first checksums and one piece of second data received from the transmitting device 100d to the comparing unit 230, and outputs [0xc0 0xA8 0xFF 0x58] as the second data to the checksum calculation unit 220.

[0094] The checksum calculation unit 220 calculates a plurality of second checksums, N second checksums in this case, for the second data [0xc0 0xA8 0xFF 0x58] using the same calculation method as the checksum calculation units 122 provided in the computers 120-1 to 120-N of the transmitting device 100d, that is, the same calculation method as the N calculation methods by the N checksum calculation units 122. If the second data is normal and the calculation by the checksum calculation unit 220 is also normal, the checksum calculation unit 220 calculates the first checksums CS calculated by the checksum calculation units 122 provided in the computers 120-1 to 120-N of the transmitting device 100d. １ ~CS Ｎ , that is, N second checksums having the same value as [0xBF 0x40 0x02 ... 0x06]. The checksum calculation unit 220 outputs the N second checksums and one second data to the comparison unit 230.

[0095] The comparator 230 compares the multiple first checksums received from the receiver 210, i.e., N first checksums [0xBF 0x40 0x02 ... 0x06], with the multiple second checksums calculated by the checksum calculator 220, i.e., N second checksums. The comparator 230 compares the first and second checksums calculated using the same calculation method, i.e., compares the first and second checksums for each calculation method. The comparator 230 compares the first and second checksums in N different combinations. The comparator 230 adopts the second data if the first and second checksums match in the comparisons for all calculation methods. The comparator 230 does not adopt the second data if there is even one mismatch in the comparisons between the first and second checksums calculated using the N calculation methods.

[0096] The comparison unit 230 may adopt the second data even if the comparison of the first checksum and the second checksum using N different calculation methods results in a match at a specified rate or higher. That is, the comparison unit 230 may compare the first checksum and the second checksum for each of the N different calculation methods and determine whether to adopt the second data based on the match rate. As a result, in the communication system 300d, as in the fifth embodiment, even if failures occur in some of the computers 120-1 to 120-N of the transmitting device 100d, as long as the number of failed computers 120 is small, the receiving device 200d can adopt the second data while the transmitting device 100d continues to operate, and the failed computers 120 among the computers 120-1 to 120-N included in the transmitting device 100d can be repaired or replaced.

[0097] As described above, in the present embodiment, in transmitting device 100d, computing units 121, which are first computing units provided in computers 120-1 to 120-N, which are the multiple first computers, each calculate first data using the same computing method. Checksum computing units 122, which are first checksum computing units provided in computers 120-1 to 120-N, which are the multiple first computers, each calculate first checksums using a different computing method. Transmitting unit 160 transmits the multiple first checksums calculated by checksum computing units 122, which are the multiple first checksum computing units, and one piece of second data to receiving device 200d.

[0098] In receiving device 200d, receiving unit 210 receives a single piece of second data and multiple first checksums calculated using different calculation methods by checksum calculation units 122, which are multiple first checksum calculation units included in transmitting device 100d. Checksum calculation unit 220, which is a second checksum calculation unit, calculates multiple second checksums for the second data using the same multiple different calculation methods as the multiple different calculation methods used by checksum calculation units 122, which are multiple first checksum calculation units included in transmitting device 100d. Comparing unit 230 compares the first checksum and second checksum calculated using the same calculation method for each calculation method and determines whether to adopt the second data depending on the rate of match.

[0099] As described above, according to this embodiment, in communication system 300d, transmitting device 100d includes multiple computers 120-1 to 120-N, which calculate first checksums using different calculation methods and output multiple first checksums and one piece of second data. Receiving device 200d uses the second data to calculate multiple second checksums using the same calculation methods as those used by transmitting device 100d, and compares the first checksum with the second checksum for each calculation method to determine whether to adopt the second data. This allows communication system 300d, like communication system 300d of embodiment 5, to prevent the output of erroneous calculation results even if some of the components of communication system 300d fail. Furthermore, in the sixth embodiment, the communication system 300d has a different method of calculating the first checksum for each of the computers 120-1 to 120-N of the transmitting device 100d, which prevents the possibility of software implementation errors being duplicated, thereby ensuring higher reliability than the fifth embodiment.

[0100] While the present embodiment has been described with reference to the configuration of embodiment 1 as an example, it is also applicable to embodiments 2 to 4. As with embodiment 5, the configurations corresponding to embodiments 2 to 4 are those shown in FIGS. 17 to 19. However, as described above, the N first checksum values ​​output from the checksum calculation units 122 of the computers 120-1 to 120-N are all different. Strictly speaking, in FIGS. 17 to 19, the output from the checksum calculation unit 220 of the receiving device 200d to the comparison unit 230 is "multiple second checksums + second data."

[0101] In the transmitting device 100d shown in FIG. 15 and described in the sixth embodiment, the combining unit 150 constructs a data frame using N first checksums acquired from the checksum calculation units 122 of the computers 120-1 to 120-N. However, this is not limiting. As in the fifth embodiment, the combining unit 150 may include a checksum calculation unit 122 (not shown) and perform checksum calculation on the N first checksums calculated by the checksum calculation units 122 of the computers 120-1 to 120-N and acquired from the checksum calculation units 122 of the computers 120-1 to 120-N, thereby aggregating them into a single checksum. In this case, the combining unit 150 constructs a data frame by combining the single aggregated checksum with a single piece of second data acquired from the calculation unit 131 of the computer 130. The transmitting unit 160 transmits the aggregated checksum and the single piece of second data to the receiving device 200d.

[0102] When the transmitting device 100d has such a configuration, the receiving unit 210 of the receiving device 200d shown in Fig. 15 described in the sixth embodiment receives a data frame including one checksum aggregated by the checksum calculation unit 122 of the combining unit 150 provided in the transmitting device 100d and one piece of second data calculated by the calculation unit 131 of the computer 130, which is the second computer. The checksum calculation unit 220, which is the second checksum calculation unit, calculates multiple second checksums for the second data using the same calculation method as the calculation method used by the multiple checksum calculation units 122, which are the multiple first checksum calculation units provided in the computers 120-1 to 120-N of the transmitting device 100d, i.e., the same calculation method as the N different calculation methods used by the N checksum calculation units 122. Next, the checksum calculation unit 220 calculates a single checksum for the calculated second checksums using the same calculation method as that used by the checksum calculation unit 122 of the combining unit 150 provided in the transmitting device 100d, i.e., performs a checksum calculation to aggregate the calculated second checksums into a single checksum. The comparison unit 230 compares the single checksum aggregated by the transmitting device 100 and included in the data frame with the single aggregated checksum calculated as a result of the checksum calculation by the checksum calculation unit 220, and determines whether to adopt the second data.

[0103] 15, the transmitting device 100d includes a plurality of computers 120 serving as first computers, and transmits a first checksum output from each computer 120 to the receiving device 200d. Therefore, the larger the number of first checksums transmitted from the transmitting device 100d to the receiving device 200d, the larger the data volume in the data frame transmitted from the transmitting device 100d to the receiving device 200d, and the longer the communication time. In the seventh embodiment, a case will be described in which the transmitting device includes a plurality of computers 120 serving as first computers, and the increase in the data volume of the data frame transmitted from the transmitting device to the receiving device is suppressed.

[0104] FIG. 21 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a communication system 300h according to the seventh embodiment. The communication system 300h includes a transmitting device 100h and a receiving device 200h. The use of the communication system 300h is similar to that of the communication system 300 according to the first embodiment. The transmitting device 100h includes a branching unit 110, a computer group 170, a coupling unit 150, and a transmitting unit 160. The computer group 170 includes computers 120-1 to 120-N, which are first computers, and a computer 130, which is a second computer. Similar to the transmitting device 100d described in the fifth and sixth embodiments, the computer group 170 includes N computers 120-1 to 120-N, which are first computers, and one computer 130, which is a second computer. However, in the group of computers 170, the method of calculating and outputting the first checksum is different from that of the transmitting device 100d and the like described in the fifth and sixth embodiments.

[0105] The operation of the transmitting device 100h will be described, focusing on the differences from the transmitting devices of the first to sixth embodiments.

[0106] In the group of computers 170, each calculation unit 121 of computers 120-1 to 120-N calculates first data using the same calculation method as before. In the group of computers 170, computers 120-1 to 120-N are connected in series by a timing adjustment interface 123, as shown in FIG. 21 . In this embodiment, the checksum calculation unit 122 of computer 120-1 calculates the first checksum using the same calculation method as before, but outputs the calculated first checksum to the checksum calculation unit 122 of computer 120-2 in the subsequent stage. In this embodiment, the checksum calculation units 122 of computers 120-1 to 120-(N−1) output the first checksum to the checksum calculation unit 122 of the subsequent stage computer 120 via the timing adjustment interface 123. Furthermore, the checksum calculation units 122 of the computers 120-2 to 120-N calculate a first checksum using the first data calculated by the calculation unit 121 of the same computer 120 and the first checksum calculated by the checksum calculation unit 122 of the preceding computer 120 obtained via the timing adjustment interface 123. The checksum calculation unit 122 of the computer 120-N outputs the calculated first checksum to the combining unit 150.

[0107] The input and output of the first checksum between the checksum calculation units 122 of the computers 120-1 to 120-N may be performed using another interface (not shown) instead of the timing adjustment interface 123.

[0108] The combining unit 150 combines the first checksum obtained from the checksum calculation unit 122 of the computer 120-N with the second data obtained from the calculation unit 131 of the computer 130. The combining unit 150 outputs the combined first checksum and second data to the transmitting unit 160. The transmitting unit 160 obtains the combined first checksum and second data from the combining unit 150 and transmits them to the receiving device 200h.

[0109] The operation of the receiving device 200h will be described. As in the first embodiment and the like, when the receiving unit 210 receives the combined first checksum and second data from the transmitting device 100h, it outputs the first checksum to the comparing unit 230 and outputs the second data to the checksum calculating unit 220. The checksum calculating unit 220 calculates a second checksum for the second data multiple times under the same conditions as those used when the checksum calculating units 122, which are multiple first checksum calculating units in the computer group 170 included in the transmitting device 100h, calculated the first checksum, and outputs the single second checksum finally obtained to the comparing unit 230. In the receiving device 200h, the operation of the comparing unit 230 is the same as that of the comparing unit 230 of the receiving device 200 of the first embodiment and the like.

[0110] Here, assume that some kind of malfunction occurs in some of the components of the communication system 300h. For example, if one or more of the computers 120-1 to 120-N included in the transmitting device 100h malfunction, the first checksum output from the malfunctioning computer 120 will be a different value from the original first checksum output when the computer 120 is not malfunctioning. Therefore, the first checksums calculated by the computers 120 after the malfunctioning computer 120 will also be different values ​​from the original first checksum, even if the computers 120 after the malfunctioning computer 120 are not malfunctioning. In this case, the comparator 230 of the receiving device 200h determines that the first checksum and the second checksum do not match, and therefore the second data is not adopted.

[0111] Furthermore, if the computer 130 included in the transmitting device 100h fails, the second checksum calculated by the checksum calculation unit 220 of the receiving device 200h will have a different value from the first checksum calculated by the computer 120-N of the transmitting device 100h. In this case, the comparison unit 230 of the receiving device 200h will also determine that the first checksum and the second checksum do not match, and the second data will not be adopted.

[0112] Furthermore, if the combining unit 150 of the transmitting device 100h fails, the first checksum and the second data will not be correctly combined, and the receiving device 200h will not be able to receive the first checksum and the second data from the transmitting device 100h. In this case, the receiving device 200h will not use the second data.

[0113] Furthermore, if the receiving device 200h breaks down, the first checksum cannot be compared with the second checksum, and the second data will not be adopted.

[0114] In this way, the communication system 300h can prevent an erroneous calculation result from being output even if a malfunction occurs in any of the components.

[0115] As described above, in this embodiment, the transmitting device 100h includes a plurality of first computers 120, which are connected in series and receive an input signal from each of the first computers 120. Each of the first computers 120 includes a first calculation unit 121 that calculates first data. Each of the checksum calculation units 122, which are first checksum calculation units provided in the plurality of first computers 120, calculates a first checksum using the first data calculated by calculation unit 121, which is the first calculation unit of the same first computer 120, and the first checksum calculated by checksum calculation unit 122, which is the first checksum calculation unit of the first computer 120 further upstream, except for checksum calculation unit 122, which is the first checksum calculation unit of computer 120-1, which is the first checksum calculation unit of the first computer 120 in the first stage of the plurality of first computers 120-1 to 120-N connected in series. The transmitting unit 160 transmits the first checksum calculated by the checksum calculation unit 122, which is the first checksum calculation unit of the first computer 120-N, which is the last of the multiple first computers 120-1 to 120-N connected in series, and the second data to the receiving device 200h.

[0116] In the receiving device 200h, the checksum calculation unit 220, which is a second checksum calculation unit, calculates the second checksum for the second data multiple times under the same conditions as those used when the checksum calculation units 122, which are multiple first checksum calculation units included in the transmitting device 100h, calculated the first checksum, and outputs the single second checksum finally obtained to the comparing unit 230. The comparing unit 230 uses the single second checksum finally obtained by the checksum calculation unit 220, which is a second checksum calculation unit, to compare with the first checksum.

[0117] As described above, according to this embodiment, in the communication system 300h, the transmitting device 100h includes a plurality of computers 120-1 to 120-N, and among the plurality of computers 120-1 to 120-N, computers 120-2 to 120-N calculate a first checksum using the first data and the first checksum calculated by the preceding computer 120, and output the first checksum calculated by the final computer 120-N and the second data calculated by the computer 130. The receiving device 200h calculates a second checksum using the second data using the same calculation method as the calculation method of the first checksum used by the transmitting device 100h, and compares the first checksum with the second checksum to determine whether to adopt the second data. As a result, the communication system 300h can improve the accuracy of detecting defects in data calculations compared to the communication system 300 of embodiment 1 by making the computer 120 redundant while suppressing an increase in the amount of data sent from the transmitting device 100h to the receiving device 200h.

[0118] The characteristic operation of this embodiment has been described by taking as an example a case where it is applied to the configuration of the first embodiment, but it can also be applied to the second to fourth embodiments.

[0119] Eighth Embodiment In an eighth embodiment, a case where a transmission device includes a plurality of computer groups 170, a plurality of coupling units 150, and a plurality of transmission units 160 will be described.

[0120] FIG. 22 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a communication system 300i according to the eighth embodiment. The communication system 300i includes a transmitting device 100i and a receiving device 200i. The use of the communication system 300i is the same as that of the communication system 300 according to the first embodiment. The transmitting device 100i includes a branching unit 110, a group of computers 170-1 to 170-M, coupling units 150-1 to 150-M, and transmitting units 160-1 to 160-M. M is an integer equal to or greater than 2. In the following description, the groups of computers 170-1 to 170-M will be referred to as the group of computers 170 when they are not distinguished from one another, the coupling units 150-1 to 150-M will be referred to as the coupling unit 150 when they are not distinguished from one another, and the transmitting units 160-1 to 160-M will be referred to as the transmitting unit 160 when they are not distinguished from one another. 22, the number of computer groups 170, the number of coupling units 150, and the number of transmission units 160 are the same in the transmission device 100i, but the number of transmission units 160 may be different from the number of computer groups 170 and the number of coupling units 150. In this embodiment, the configuration of the computer groups 170-1 to 170-M is the same as the configuration of the computer group 170 provided in the transmission device 100h described in embodiment 7 shown in FIG.

[0121] The operation of the transmitting device 100i will be described, focusing on the differences from the transmitting devices of the first to seventh embodiments.

[0122] The branching unit 110 branches the input signal into the number of computers included in the transmitting device 100i and outputs the input signal to each computer. If the transmitting device 100i includes M computer groups 170 as shown in Fig. 22 and each computer group 170 includes N computers 120 and one computer 130 as shown in Fig. 21, the branching unit 110 branches the input signal into (N+1) x M numbers.

[0123] The operation of the computer group 170 is the same as that of the computer group 170 explained in embodiment 7. In embodiment 8, each of the computer groups 170, 170-1 to 170-M, performs the same operation.

[0124] As before, the combining unit 150 combines the first checksum obtained from the checksum calculation unit 122 of the computer 120-N with the second data obtained from the calculation unit 131 of the computer 130. In this embodiment, the combining unit 150 copies the combined first checksum and second data as many times as the number of transmitting units 160 included in the transmitting device 100i, and outputs the copies to each transmitting unit 160.

[0125] The transmitting unit 160 acquires the combined first checksum and second data from each combining unit 150. The transmitting unit 160 uses the second data to perform the same calculation on the combination of the combined first checksum and second data acquired from each combining unit 150 as performed by the computers 120-1 to 120-N in the computer group 170 to which the first checksum and second data were output, thereby calculating a final second checksum equivalent to the acquired first checksum. If the acquired first checksum matches the second checksum calculated by the transmitting unit 160, the transmitting unit 160 transmits the acquired combination of the first checksum and second data to the receiving device 200i. However, the transmitting unit 160 performs calculations using the combinations of the first checksums and second data obtained from each combining unit 150, and if there are multiple combinations of first checksums and second data where the obtained first checksum matches the second checksum calculated by the transmitting unit 160, the transmitting unit 160 transmits any one of the combinations of first checksums and second data to the receiving device 200i.

[0126] If the combinations of the first checksum and the second data acquired from each combining unit 150 are identical and the acquired first checksum does not match the second checksum calculated by the transmitting unit 160, the transmitting unit 160 may determine that its own calculation is likely to be incorrect and select one of the acquired combinations of the first checksum and the second data to transmit to the receiving device 200i. Also, if the combinations of the first checksum and the second data acquired from each combining unit 150 are identical to each other by a specified percentage or more, the transmitting unit 160 may determine that the combination of the first checksum and the second data that has the same content is likely to be a correct calculation result, regardless of the result of comparing the acquired first checksum with the second checksum calculated by the transmitting unit 160, and select one of the combinations of the first checksum and the second data that has the same content to transmit to the receiving device 200i.

[0127] In this embodiment, the transmitting unit 160 performs the above-mentioned calculation processing and comparison processing, but in a configuration in which the transmitting device 100i is equipped with a combining unit 150 as in this embodiment, the combining unit 150 may perform these calculation processing and comparison processing.

[0128] The greater the number of computer groups 170-1 to 170-M in the transmitting device 100i, the greater the redundancy. However, if the number of transmitting units 160-1 to 160-M becomes too large, the amount of data sent from the transmitting device 100i to the receiving device 200i increases. Therefore, M=2 may be acceptable.

[0129] The operation of the receiving device 200i will now be described. In the first to seventh embodiments, the receiving unit 210 of the receiving device receives only one combination of the first checksum and the second data. In contrast, in the present embodiment, the receiving unit 210 of the receiving device 200i may receive multiple combinations of the first checksum and the second data from the transmitting device 100i. Specifically, in the example of FIG. 22, the receiving unit 210 of the receiving device 200i may receive a maximum of M combinations of the first checksum and the second data, the number of which is equal to the number of transmitting units 160 included in the transmitting device 100i. However, even if multiple combinations of the first checksum and the second data are transmitted from the transmitting device 100i, the contents of the multiple combinations of the first checksum and the second data are likely to be the same. Therefore, when the receiving unit 210 of the receiving device 200i receives multiple combinations of the first checksum and the second data, it is sufficient to adopt any one of the combinations, for example, the first combination of the first checksum and the second data received.

[0130] In the receiving device 200i, the operations of the checksum calculation unit 220 and the comparison unit 230 are similar to those of the checksum calculation unit 220 and the comparison unit 230 in the receiving device 200h of the seventh embodiment.

[0131] Here, assume that some kind of malfunction occurs in some of the components of the communication system 300i. For example, if one or more of the computer groups 170 among the computer groups 170-1 to 170-M included in the transmitting device 100i malfunctions, the first checksum output from the malfunctioning computer group 170 will be a different value from the original first checksum output when the computer group 170 is not malfunctioning. In this case, the transmitting unit 160 of the transmitting device 100i does not use the first checksum and second data output from the malfunctioning computer group 170.

[0132] Furthermore, if the combining unit 150 of the transmitting device 100i fails, the first checksum and the second data will not be correctly combined, and the transmitting unit 160 of the transmitting device 100i will not use the first checksum and the second data that have not been correctly combined.

[0133] Furthermore, if the receiving device 200i breaks down, the first checksum cannot be compared with the second checksum, and the second data will not be adopted.

[0134] In this way, the communication system 300i can prevent an erroneous calculation result from being output even if a malfunction occurs in any of the components.

[0135] As described above, in this embodiment, the transmitting device 100i includes a plurality of computer groups 170 each including a plurality of serially connected first computers, ie, computers 120-1 to 120-N, and one second computer, ie, computer 130, and further includes a plurality of transmitting units 160. In each of the plurality of computer groups 170-1 to 170-M, the plurality of first computers, ie, computers 120-1 to 120-N, are connected in series and are each connected to receive an input signal. Each of the plurality of first computers, ie, computers 120-1 to 120-N, includes a first computing unit, ie, computing unit 121, which calculates first data. Checksum calculation unit 122, which is a first checksum calculation unit provided in computers 120-1 to 120-N, which are multiple first computers, calculates a first checksum using first data calculated by calculation unit 121, which is the first calculation unit of the same first computer 120, and a first checksum calculated by checksum calculation unit 122, which is the first checksum calculation unit of computer 120, which is the first computer in the first stage of computers 120-1 to 120-N, which are connected in series, except for checksum calculation unit 122, which is the first checksum calculation unit of computer 120, which is the first computer in the first stage of computers 120-1 to 120-N, which are connected in series. Among the multiple transmitting units 160-1 to 160-M, each transmitting unit 160 acquires from each computer group 170 a first checksum calculated by checksum calculation unit 122, which is the first checksum calculation unit of computer 120-N, the last first computer of multiple first computers 120-1 to 120-N connected in series, and second data, and compares the acquired first checksum with the second checksum finally obtained by calculating the second checksum multiple times using the second data using the same calculation method as the first checksum calculation method performed in each computer group 170, and determines the first checksum and second data to be transmitted to receiving device 200i based on the comparison results.

[0136] Furthermore, in the receiving device 200i, when the receiving unit 210 receives the first checksum and second data from the transmitting device 100i multiple times, it adopts one of the received first checksums and second data. The checksum calculation unit 220, which is a second checksum calculation unit, calculates a second checksum for the second data multiple times under the same conditions as when the checksum calculation units 122, which are multiple first checksum calculation units in the computer group 170 provided in the transmitting device 100i, calculated the first checksum, and outputs the single second checksum finally obtained to the comparison unit 230. The comparison unit 230 uses the single second checksum finally obtained by the checksum calculation unit 220, which is a second checksum calculation unit, for comparison with the first checksum.

[0137] As described above, according to this embodiment, in communication system 300i, transmitting device 100i includes a plurality of computer groups 170-1 to 170-M, a plurality of coupling units 150-1 to 150-M, and transmitting units 160-1 to 160-M, and transmits one combination of first checksum and second data determined to be appropriate by transmitting units 160-1 to 160-M from each transmitting unit 160 to receiving device 200i. When receiving a plurality of first checksums and second data, receiving device 200i adopts only one of them, calculates a second checksum using the second data using the same calculation method as the calculation method of the first checksum by transmitting device 100i, and compares the first checksum with the second checksum to determine whether to adopt the second data. As a result, even if a failure occurs in any of the computer groups 170, the communication system 300i can continue to operate the transmitting device 100i and take measures such as repairing or replacing the failed computer group 170 among the computer groups 170-1 to 170-M that the transmitting device 100i has.

[0138] In this embodiment, when M=2 and each of transmitting units 160-1 to 160-2 acquires two combinations of first checksums and second data from combining units 150-1 to 150-2, that is, when transmitting units 160-1 to 160-2 acquire four combinations of first checksums and second data, transmitting units 160-1 to 160-2 may transmit all combinations of first checksums and second data to receiving device 200i without performing the checksum calculation process and comparison process described above. In this case, the processing load on receiving device 200i increases, but the processing load on transmitting device 100i can be reduced.

[0139] Furthermore, the characteristic operation of this embodiment has been described by taking as an example a case where it is applied to the configuration of the first embodiment, but it can also be applied to the second to fourth embodiments.

[0140] The configurations shown in the above embodiments are merely examples, and may be combined with other known technologies, or different embodiments may be combined with each other. It is also possible to omit or modify parts of the configurations as long as they do not deviate from the gist of the invention.

[0141] 100, 100a, 100b, 100c, 100d, 100e, 100f, 100g, 100h, 100i transmitting device, 110 branching unit, 111 duplicate serial number assigning unit, 120, 120-1 to 120-N, 130 computer, 121, 131 calculation unit, 122, 220 checksum calculation unit, 123 timing adjustment interface, 141 identification information generation unit, 150, 150-1 to 150-M combining unit, 160, 160-1 to 160-M transmitting unit, 170, 170-1 to 170-M computer group, 200, 200d, 200h, 200i receiving device, 210 receiving unit, 230 Comparison unit 300, 300a, 300b, 300c, 300d, 300e, 300f, 300g, 300h, 300i Communication system 900, 903 Processing circuit 901 Processor 902 Memory

Claims

1. A first computer comprising a first arithmetic unit that performs an arithmetic operation on an input signal to calculate first data, and a first checksum arithmetic unit that performs an arithmetic operation on the first data to calculate a first checksum; A second computer comprising a second arithmetic unit that performs an arithmetic operation on the input signal to calculate second data; A transmission unit that transmits the first checksum and the second data to a receiving device; A transmission device characterized by comprising the above.

2. A combining unit that combines the first checksum and the second data; Comprising The first computer and the second computer use a timing adjustment interface to adjust the timing at which the first checksum arithmetic unit outputs the first checksum and the timing at which the second arithmetic unit outputs the second data. The transmission unit transmits the first checksum and the second data combined by the combining unit to the receiving device. The transmission device according to claim 1, characterized by the above.

3. The first computer comprises a first identification information generation unit that generates identification information for the first data; Comprising The second computer comprises a second identification information generation unit that generates identification information for the second data; Comprising The first identification information generation unit and the second identification information generation unit generate the identification information by a prescribed generation method so that the same identification information is generated for the first data and the second data based on the same input signal. The first checksum arithmetic unit calculates and outputs the first checksum by attaching the identification information to the first data calculated by the first arithmetic unit. The second arithmetic unit attaches the identification information to the calculated second data and outputs it. The transmission unit transmits the first checksum calculated from the first data to which the identification information is attached to the receiving device, and transmits the second data to which the identification information is attached to the receiving device. The transmission device according to claim 1, characterized by the above.

4. The first computer comprises a first replicated serial number assignment unit that assigns a serial number to each input signal obtained by replicating the input signal and outputs it to the first arithmetic unit; Comprising The second computer comprises a second replicated serial number assignment unit that assigns a serial number to each input signal obtained by replicating the input signal and outputs it to the second arithmetic unit; Comprising The first arithmetic unit calculates the first data by performing arithmetic operations on each of the replicated input signals with different sequence numbers. The first checksum arithmetic unit calculates the first checksum by performing arithmetic operations on each of the plurality of the first data. The second arithmetic unit calculates the second data by performing arithmetic operations on each of the replicated input signals with different sequence numbers. The transmission device according to claim 1, characterized in that.

5. A plurality of the first computers are provided. The first arithmetic units included in the plurality of the first computers calculate the first data by the same arithmetic method respectively. The first checksum arithmetic units included in the plurality of the first computers calculate the first checksum by the same arithmetic method respectively. The transmission unit transmits the plurality of the first checksums calculated by the plurality of the first checksum arithmetic units and one piece of the second data to the receiving device. The transmission device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that.

6. A plurality of the first computers are provided. The first arithmetic units included in the plurality of the first computers calculate the first data by the same arithmetic method respectively. The first checksum arithmetic units included in the plurality of the first computers calculate the first checksum by the same arithmetic method respectively. The combining unit performs a checksum operation on the plurality of the first checksums calculated by the plurality of the first checksum arithmetic units to aggregate them into one checksum. The transmission unit transmits the aggregated one checksum and one piece of the second data to the receiving device. The transmission device according to claim 2, characterized in that.

7. A plurality of the first computers are provided. The first arithmetic units included in the plurality of the first computers calculate the first data by the same arithmetic method respectively. The first checksum arithmetic units included in the plurality of the first computers calculate the first checksum by different arithmetic methods respectively. The transmission unit transmits the plurality of the first checksums calculated by the plurality of the first checksum arithmetic units and one piece of the second data to the receiving device. The transmission device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that.

8. A plurality of the first computers are provided. The first arithmetic units included in the plurality of the first computers calculate the first data by the same arithmetic method respectively. The first checksum calculation units included in the plurality of the first computers calculate the first checksum by different calculation methods, The combining unit performs a checksum calculation on the plurality of first checksums calculated by the plurality of first checksum calculation units and aggregates them into one checksum, The transmitting unit transmits the aggregated one checksum and the one second data to the receiving device. The transmitting device according to claim 2, characterized in that.

9. A plurality of the first computers are provided, and the plurality of first computers are connected so that the input signal is input to each of them and are connected in series, The first calculation units included in the plurality of first computers each calculate the first data, The first checksum calculation units included in the plurality of first computers each use the first data calculated by the first calculation unit of the same first computer and, except for the first checksum calculation unit of the frontmost first computer among the plurality of serially connected first computers, the first checksum calculated by the first checksum calculation unit of the previous first computer to calculate the first checksum, The transmitting unit transmits the first checksum calculated by the first checksum calculation unit of the last first computer among the plurality of serially connected first computers and the second data to the receiving device. The transmitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that.

10. A plurality of computer groups including a plurality of the first computers connected in series and one second computer are provided, and further a plurality of the transmitting units are provided, In each of the plurality of computer groups, the plurality of first computers are connected so that the input signal is input to each of them and are connected in series, The first calculation units included in the plurality of first computers each calculate the first data, The first checksum calculation units included in the plurality of first computers each use the first data calculated by the first calculation unit of the same first computer and, except for the first checksum calculation unit of the frontmost first computer among the plurality of serially connected first computers, the first checksum calculated by the first checksum calculation unit of the previous first computer to calculate the first checksum, In the plurality of said transmission units, each transmission unit acquires the first checksum calculated by the first checksum calculation unit of the last-stage first computer among the plurality of said first computers connected in series from each computer group, and the said second data, and performs the calculation of the second checksum multiple times using the said second data by the same calculation method as the calculation method of the said first checksum performed in each computer group, and compares the finally obtained second checksum with the acquired first checksum, and determines the said first checksum and the said second data to be transmitted to the said receiving device based on the comparison result. The transmission device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that.

11. A receiving unit that receives the first checksum calculated from the first data and the second data transmitted from the transmission device according to claim 1; A second checksum calculation unit that calculates a second checksum by performing an operation on the said second data; A comparison unit that compares the said first checksum and the said second checksum, and adopts the said second data when they match; A receiving device characterized by comprising.

12. When identification information is attached to the said second data, the said second checksum calculation unit calculates the said second checksum by performing an operation on the said second data to which the identification information is attached, and outputs it to the said comparison unit. The said comparison unit compares the said first checksum calculated from the said first data to which the same identification information as the identification information attached to the said second data is attached with the said second checksum, and adopts the said second data when they match. The receiving device according to claim 11, characterized in that.

13. When the input signal is replicated in the said transmission device and a serial number is attached to each input signal, and the first checksum is calculated for each of the replicated input signals with different serial numbers in the first computer of the said transmission device, and the said second data is calculated for each of the replicated input signals with different serial numbers in the second computer of the said transmission device, the said second checksum calculation unit calculates the said second checksum by performing an operation on all the said second data based on the same said input signal. The said comparison unit compares the said first checksum and the said second checksum for each serial number, and adopts the said second data when all of them match. The receiving device according to claim 11, characterized in that...

14. The receiving unit receives a plurality of the first check sums calculated by the same calculation method in a plurality of first check sum calculation units provided in the transmitting device, and one piece of the second data, The second check sum calculation unit calculates one second check sum for the second data by the same calculation method as the calculation method performed by the plurality of first check sum calculation units provided in the transmitting device, The comparison unit compares the plurality of first check sums with one second check sum, and determines whether to adopt the second data according to the matching ratio. The receiving device according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that...

15. The receiving unit receives a check sum that is further aggregated into one by performing a check sum calculation in the transmitting device on a plurality of the first check sums calculated by the same calculation method in a plurality of first check sum calculation units provided in the transmitting device, and one piece of the second data, The second check sum calculation unit calculates a plurality of the second check sums for the second data by the same calculation method as the calculation method performed by the plurality of first check sum calculation units provided in the transmitting device, and further performs a check sum calculation on the plurality of the second check sums by the same calculation method as the calculation method performed by the transmitting device and aggregates them into one check sum, The comparison unit compares the check sum aggregated into one in the transmitting device with the check sum aggregated into one in the second check sum calculation unit, and determines whether to adopt the second data. The receiving device according to claim 11, characterized in that...

16. The receiving unit receives a plurality of the first check sums calculated by different calculation methods in a plurality of first check sum calculation units provided in the transmitting device, and one piece of the second data, The second check sum calculation unit calculates a plurality of the second check sums for the second data by the same plurality of different calculation methods as the plurality of different calculation methods performed by the plurality of first check sum calculation units provided in the transmitting device, The comparison unit compares the first check sum calculated by the same calculation method with the second check sum for each calculation method, and determines whether to adopt the second data according to the matching ratio. The receiving apparatus according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that

17. The receiving unit receives a checksum that is further calculated by the transmitting apparatus and aggregated into one from a plurality of the first checksums calculated by different calculation methods in a plurality of first checksum calculation units included in the transmitting apparatus, and one piece of the second data, The second checksum calculation unit calculates a plurality of the second checksums for the second data by the same plurality of different calculation methods as the plurality of different calculation methods performed by the plurality of the first checksum calculation units included in the transmitting apparatus, and further performs a checksum calculation on the plurality of the second checksums by the same calculation method as the calculation method performed by the transmitting apparatus to aggregate them into one checksum, The comparison unit compares the checksum aggregated into one by the transmitting apparatus with the checksum aggregated into one by the second checksum calculation unit, and determines whether to adopt the second data. The receiving apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that

18. The second checksum calculation unit performs a plurality of calculations of the second checksum on the second data under the same conditions as the conditions when the plurality of the first checksum calculation units included in the transmitting apparatus calculate the first checksum, and outputs the finally obtained one second checksum to the comparison unit. The receiving apparatus according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that

19. When the receiving unit receives the first checksum and the second data from the transmitting apparatus a plurality of times, it adopts one of the received plurality of the first checksums and the second data. The receiving apparatus according to claim 18, characterized in that

20. A transmitting apparatus that performs calculations on an input signal by a first computer to calculate first data, performs calculations on the first data to calculate a first checksum, and transmits the first checksum and second data calculated by performing calculations on the input signal by a second computer to a receiving apparatus; The receiving apparatus that receives the first checksum and the second data, performs calculations on the second data to calculate a second checksum, compares the first checksum with the second checksum, and adopts the second data when they match; A communication system, characterized by comprising

21. The transmitting device adjusts the timing at which the first computer outputs the first checksum and the timing at which the second computer outputs the second data, combines the first checksum and the second data, and transmits the combination to the receiving device. The communication system according to claim 20, characterized in that.

22. The transmitting device generates identification information for the first data and the second data based on the same input signal, transmits the first checksum calculated from the first data to which the identification information is attached to the receiving device, attaches the identification information to the second data, and transmits the second data to which the identification information is attached to the receiving device. When the identification information is attached to the second data, the receiving device calculates a second checksum by performing an operation on the second data to which the identification information is attached, compares the first checksum calculated from the first data to which the same identification information as the identification information attached to the second data is attached with the second checksum, and adopts the second data when they match. The communication system according to claim 20, characterized in that.

23. The transmitting device assigns a serial number to each input signal obtained by replicating the input signal, and transmits the first checksum calculated by performing an operation on the first data calculated by performing an operation on each of the replicated input signals with different serial numbers by the first computer, and the second data calculated by performing an operation on each of the replicated input signals with different serial numbers by the second computer. The receiving device calculates a second checksum by performing an operation on all the second data based on the same input signal, compares the first checksum with the second checksum for each serial number, and adopts the second data when all of them match. The communication system according to claim 20, characterized in that.

24. The transmitting device includes a plurality of the first computers, the plurality of the first computers calculate the first data by the same calculation method, calculate the first checksum by the same calculation method, and transmit the plurality of the first checksums and one piece of the second data to the receiving device. The receiving device receives a plurality of the first checksum and one piece of the second data, calculates one piece of the second checksum for the second data by the same calculation method as that performed by the transmitting device, compares the plurality of the first checksum and one piece of the second checksum, and determines whether to adopt the second data according to the matching ratio. The communication system according to any one of claims 20 to 23, characterized in that.

25. The transmitting device includes a plurality of the first computers, the plurality of the first computers calculate the first data by the same calculation method, calculate the first checksum by the same calculation method, perform a further checksum calculation on the plurality of the first checksum calculated by the plurality of the first computers to aggregate them into one checksum, and transmit the aggregated one checksum and one piece of the second data to the receiving device. The receiving device receives the aggregated one checksum and one piece of the second data, calculates a plurality of the second checksum for the second data by the same calculation method as that performed by the transmitting device, further performs a checksum calculation on the plurality of the second checksum by the same calculation method as that performed by the transmitting device to aggregate them into one checksum, compares the checksum aggregated into one by the transmitting device with the checksum aggregated into one by the receiving device, and determines whether to adopt the second data. The communication system according to claim 21, characterized in that.

26. The transmitting device includes a plurality of the first computers, the plurality of the first computers calculate the first data by the same calculation method, calculate the first checksum by different calculation methods, and transmit the plurality of the first checksum and one piece of the second data to the receiving device. The receiving device receives the plurality of the first checksum and one piece of the second data, calculates a plurality of the second checksum for the second data by the same plurality of different calculation methods as those performed by the transmitting device, compares the first checksum and the second checksum calculated by the same calculation method for each calculation method, and determines whether to adopt the second data according to the matching ratio. The communication system according to any one of claims 20 to 23, characterized in that...

27. The transmitting device includes a plurality of the first computers. The plurality of the first computers calculate the first data using the same calculation method, calculate the first checksum using different calculation methods respectively, perform a checksum calculation on the plurality of the first checksums calculated by the plurality of the first computers to aggregate them into one checksum, and transmit the aggregated one checksum and one of the second data to the receiving device. The receiving device receives the aggregated one checksum and one of the second data, calculates a plurality of the second checksums for the second data using the same plurality of different calculation methods as those used by the transmitting device, further performs a checksum calculation on the plurality of the second checksums using the same calculation method as that used by the transmitting device to aggregate them into one checksum, compares the checksum aggregated into one by the transmitting device with the checksum aggregated into one by the receiving device, and determines whether to adopt the second data. The communication system according to claim 21, characterized in that...

28. The transmitting device includes a plurality of the first computers. The plurality of the first computers are connected such that the input signal is input to each of them and are connected in series. The plurality of the first computers each calculate the first data, and calculate the first checksum using the first data calculated by the same first computer and the first checksum calculated by the previous first computer except for the first computer at the forefront of the plurality of the first computers connected in series. The transmitting device transmits the first checksum calculated by the first computer at the last stage of the plurality of the first computers connected in series and the second data to the receiving device. The receiving device performs the calculation of the second checksum a plurality of times under the same conditions as when the plurality of the first computers included in the transmitting device calculate the first checksum for the second data, and uses the finally obtained one second checksum for comparison. The communication system according to any one of claims 20 to 23, characterized in that...

29. The transmitting device includes a plurality of computer groups each including a plurality of the first computers connected in series and one of the second computers, and includes a plurality of transmitting units. In each computer group of the plurality of computer groups, the plurality of the first computers are connected such that the input signal is input to each of them and are connected in series. The plurality of the first computers each calculate the first data. The plurality of the first computers each calculate the first checksum using the first data calculated by the same first computer and the first checksum calculated by the first computer in the previous stage except for the first computer at the forefront of the plurality of the first computers connected in series. In each of the plurality of transmitting units, each transmitting unit acquires the first checksum calculated by the first computer at the last stage of the plurality of the first computers connected in series and the second data from each computer group, and performs a plurality of calculations of the second checksum using the second data by the same calculation method as the calculation method of the first checksum performed in each computer group, and compares the finally obtained second checksum with the acquired first checksum, and determines the first checksum and the second data to be transmitted to the receiving device based on the comparison result. When the receiving device receives the first checksum and the second data from the transmitting device a plurality of times, the receiving device adopts one of the received plurality of the first checksums and the second data, and performs a plurality of calculations of the second checksum on the second data under the same conditions as when the plurality of the first computers included in the transmitting device calculate the first checksum, and uses the finally obtained one second checksum for comparison. The communication system according to any one of claims 20 to 23, characterized in that.

30. A transmission method of a transmitting device, comprising: a first calculation step in which a first calculation unit of a first computer performs a calculation on an input signal to calculate first data; a first checksum calculation step in which a first checksum calculation unit of the first computer performs a calculation on the first data to calculate a first checksum; a second calculation step in which a second calculation unit of a second computer performs a calculation on the input signal to calculate second data; A transmission step in which a transmission unit transmits the first checksum and the second data to a receiving device; A transmission method characterized by including this.

31. A timing adjustment step in which the first computer and the second computer use a timing adjustment interface to adjust the timing at which the first checksum calculation unit outputs the first checksum and the timing at which the second calculation unit outputs the second data; A combining step in which a combining unit combines the first checksum and the second data; Including In the transmission step, the transmission unit transmits the first checksum and the second data combined by the combining unit to the receiving device. The transmission method according to claim 30, characterized by this.

32. A first identification information generation step in which a first identification information generation unit of the first computer generates identification information for the first data; A second identification information generation step in which a second identification information generation unit of the second computer generates identification information for the second data; Including In the first identification information generation step and the second identification information generation step, the first identification information generation unit and the second identification information generation unit generate the identification information by a prescribed generation method so that the same identification information is generated for the first data and the second data based on the same input signal. In a first checksum calculation step, the first checksum calculation unit calculates and outputs the first checksum by attaching the identification information to the first data calculated by the first calculation unit. In a second calculation step, the second calculation unit outputs the calculated second data with the identification information attached thereto. In the transmission step, the transmission unit transmits the first checksum calculated from the first data with the identification information attached thereto to the receiving device, and transmits the second data with the identification information attached thereto to the receiving device. The transmission method according to claim 30, characterized by this.

33. A first duplicate serial number assignment step in which a first duplicate serial number assignment unit of the first computer assigns a serial number to each input signal obtained by duplicating the input signal and outputs it to the first calculation unit; A second duplicate serial number assignment step in which the second duplicate serial number assignment unit of the second computer assigns a serial number to each input signal obtained by duplicating the input signal and outputs the result to the second arithmetic unit; including In the first arithmetic step, the first arithmetic unit performs arithmetic operations on each of the duplicated input signals with different serial numbers to calculate the first data. In the first checksum arithmetic step, the first checksum arithmetic unit performs arithmetic operations on each of the plurality of first data to calculate the first checksum. In the second arithmetic step, the second arithmetic unit performs arithmetic operations on each of the duplicated input signals with different serial numbers to calculate the second data. The transmission method according to claim 30, characterized in that.

34. The transmission device includes a plurality of the first computers. In the first arithmetic step, the first arithmetic units included in the plurality of first computers calculate the first data using the same arithmetic method. In the first checksum arithmetic step, the first checksum arithmetic units included in the plurality of first computers calculate the first checksum using the same arithmetic method. In the transmission step, the transmission unit transmits the plurality of first checksums calculated by the plurality of first checksum arithmetic units and one piece of the second data to the receiving device. The transmission method according to any one of claims 30 to 33, characterized in that.

35. The transmission device includes a plurality of the first computers. In the first arithmetic step, the first arithmetic units included in the plurality of first computers calculate the first data using the same arithmetic method. In the first checksum arithmetic step, the first checksum arithmetic units included in the plurality of first computers calculate the first checksum using the same arithmetic method. In the combining step, the combining unit performs a checksum operation on the plurality of first checksums calculated by the plurality of first checksum arithmetic units to aggregate them into one checksum. In the transmission step, the transmission unit transmits the aggregated one checksum and one piece of the second data to the receiving device. The transmission method according to claim 31, characterized in that.

36. The transmission device includes a plurality of the first computers. In the first operation step, the first operation units included in the plurality of first computers calculate the first data by the same operation method, In the first checksum operation step, the first checksum operation units included in the plurality of first computers calculate the first checksum by different operation methods, In the transmission step, the transmission unit transmits the plurality of first checksums calculated by the plurality of first checksum operation units and one piece of the second data to the receiving device. The transmission method according to any one of claims 30 to 33, characterized by the above.

37. The transmission device includes a plurality of the first computers, In the first operation step, the first operation units included in the plurality of first computers calculate the first data by the same operation method, In the first checksum operation step, the first checksum operation units included in the plurality of first computers calculate the first checksum by different operation methods, In the combining step, the combining unit performs a checksum operation on the plurality of first checksums calculated by the plurality of first checksum operation units and aggregates them into one checksum, In the transmission step, the transmission unit transmits the aggregated one checksum and one piece of the second data to the receiving device. The transmission method according to claim 31, characterized by the above.

38. The transmission device includes a plurality of the first computers, and the plurality of first computers are connected so that the input signal is input to each of them and are connected in series, In the first operation step, the first operation units included in the plurality of first computers each calculate the first data, In the first checksum operation step, the first checksum operation units included in the plurality of first computers each use the first data calculated by the first operation unit of the same first computer and, except for the first checksum operation unit of the foremost first computer among the plurality of first computers connected in series, the first checksum calculated by the first checksum operation unit of the previous first computer to calculate the first checksum. In the transmission step, the transmission unit transmits the first checksum calculated by the first checksum calculation unit of the last first computer among the plurality of serially connected first computers, and the second data, to the receiving device. The transmission method according to any one of claims 30 to 33, characterized by the above.

39. The transmission device includes a plurality of computer groups each including a plurality of serially connected first computers and one second computer, and further includes a plurality of transmission units. In each of the plurality of computer groups, the plurality of first computers are connected so that the input signal is input to each of them and are serially connected. In the first calculation step, the first calculation units included in the plurality of first computers each calculate the first data. In the first checksum calculation step, the first checksum calculation units included in the plurality of first computers each use the first data calculated by the first calculation unit of the same first computer, and the first checksum calculated by the first checksum calculation unit of the first computer in the previous stage other than the first checksum calculation unit of the first computer at the forefront of the plurality of serially connected first computers, to calculate the first checksum. In the transmission step, in each of the plurality of transmission units, each transmission unit acquires the first checksum calculated by the first checksum calculation unit of the last first computer among the plurality of serially connected first computers from each computer group, and the second data, and performs the calculation of the second checksum a plurality of times using the second data by the same calculation method as the calculation method of the first checksum performed in each computer group, and compares the finally obtained second checksum with the acquired first checksum, and determines the first checksum and the second data to be transmitted to the receiving device based on the comparison result. The transmission method according to any one of claims 30 to 33, characterized by the above.

40. A receiving method of a receiving device, comprising: a receiving step in which a receiving unit receives the first checksum calculated from the first data and the second data transmitted from a transmission device by the transmission method according to claim 30. A second checksum calculation step in which a second checksum calculation unit calculates a second checksum by performing an operation on the second data; A comparison step in which a comparison unit compares the first checksum and the second checksum, and adopts the second data when they match; A receiving method characterized by comprising the above.

41. In the second checksum calculation step, when identification information is attached to the second data, the second checksum calculation unit performs an operation on the second data to which the identification information is attached, calculates the second checksum, and outputs it to the comparison unit. In the comparison step, the comparison unit compares the second checksum with the first checksum calculated from the first data to which the same identification information as the identification information attached to the second data is attached, and adopts the second data when they match. The receiving method according to claim 40, characterized by the above.

42. In the second checksum calculation step, when an input signal is replicated in the transmission device and a serial number is assigned to each input signal, and the first checksum is calculated for each of the replicated input signals with different serial numbers by a first computer of the transmission device, and the second data is calculated for each of the replicated input signals with different serial numbers by a second computer of the transmission device, the second checksum calculation unit performs an operation on all the second data based on the same input signal to calculate the second checksum. In the comparison step, the comparison unit compares the first checksum and the second checksum for each serial number, and adopts the second data when all of them match. The receiving method according to claim 40, characterized by the above.

43. In the receiving step, the receiving unit receives a plurality of the first checksums calculated by the same calculation method in a plurality of first checksum calculation units provided in the transmission device, and one piece of the second data. In the second checksum calculation step, the second checksum calculation unit calculates one second checksum for the second data by the same calculation method as the calculation method performed by the plurality of first checksum calculation units provided in the transmission device. In the comparison step, the comparison unit compares a plurality of the first checksums with one of the second checksums, and determines whether to adopt the second data according to the matching ratio. The receiving method according to any one of claims 40 to 42, characterized in that.

44. In the receiving step, the receiving unit further receives a checksum obtained by performing checksum calculation by the transmitting device on a plurality of the first checksums calculated by the same calculation method in a plurality of first checksum calculation units provided in the transmitting device and aggregated into one, and one of the second data. In the second checksum calculation step, the second checksum calculation unit calculates a plurality of the second checksums for the second data by the same calculation method as the calculation methods performed by the plurality of first checksum calculation units provided in the transmitting device, and further performs checksum calculation on the plurality of the second checksums by the same calculation method as the calculation method performed by the transmitting device and aggregates them into one checksum. In the comparison step, the comparison unit compares the checksum aggregated into one by the transmitting device with the checksum aggregated into one by the second checksum calculation unit, and determines whether to adopt the second data. The receiving method according to claim 40, characterized in that.

45. In the receiving step, the receiving unit receives a plurality of the first checksums calculated by different calculation methods in a plurality of first checksum calculation units provided in the transmitting device, and one of the second data. In the second checksum calculation step, the second checksum calculation unit calculates a plurality of the second checksums for the second data by the same plurality of different calculation methods as the plurality of different calculation methods performed by the plurality of first checksum calculation units provided in the transmitting device. In the comparison step, the comparison unit compares the first checksum calculated by the same calculation method with the second checksum for each calculation method, and determines whether to adopt the second data according to the matching ratio. The receiving method according to any one of claims 40 to 42, characterized in that.

46. In the receiving step, the receiving unit further receives, from the transmitting device, a checksum that is obtained by performing checksum calculation in the transmitting device on a plurality of the first checksums calculated by different calculation methods in a plurality of first checksum calculation units included in the transmitting device and aggregating them into one, and one piece of the second data. In the second checksum calculation step, the second checksum calculation unit calculates a plurality of the second checksums for the second data by the same plurality of different calculation methods as the plurality of different calculation methods performed by the plurality of first checksum calculation units included in the transmitting device, and further performs checksum calculation on the plurality of the second checksums by the same calculation method as the calculation method performed by the transmitting device and aggregates them into one checksum. In the comparing step, the comparing unit compares the checksum aggregated into one by the transmitting device with the checksum aggregated into one by the second checksum calculation unit, and determines whether to adopt the second data. The receiving method according to claim 40, characterized in that.

47. In the second checksum calculation step, the second checksum calculation unit performs calculation of the second checksum a plurality of times under the same conditions as the conditions when the plurality of first checksum calculation units included in the transmitting device calculate the first checksum for the second data, and outputs the finally obtained one second checksum to the comparing unit. The receiving method according to any one of claims 40 to 42, characterized in that.

48. In the receiving step, when the receiving unit receives the first checksum and the second data from the transmitting device a plurality of times, the receiving unit adopts one of the received plurality of the first checksums and the second data. The receiving method according to claim 47, characterized in that.

49. A communication method of a communication system including a transmitting device and a receiving device, wherein the transmitting device includes a transmitting step of calculating, by a first computer, a first data by performing calculation on an input signal, calculating a first checksum by performing calculation on the first data, and transmitting, to the receiving device, the first checksum and second data calculated by a second computer by performing calculation on the input signal. The receiving device receives the first checksum and the second data, performs an operation on the second data to calculate a second checksum, compares the first checksum with the second checksum, and adopts the second data when they match, a receiving step; A communication method characterized by including the above.

50. In the transmitting step, the transmitting device adjusts the timing at which the first computer outputs the first checksum and the timing at which the second computer outputs the second data, combines the first checksum and the second data, and transmits them to the receiving device. The communication method according to claim 49, characterized by the above.

51. In the transmitting step, the transmitting device generates identification information for the first data and the second data based on the same input signal, transmits the first checksum calculated from the first data to which the identification information is attached to the receiving device, attaches the identification information to the second data and transmits it to the receiving device. In the receiving step, when the identification information is attached to the second data, the receiving device performs an operation on the second data to which the identification information is attached to calculate the second checksum, and compares the first checksum calculated from the first data to which the same identification information as the identification information attached to the second data is attached with the second checksum. When they match, the second data is adopted. The communication method according to claim 49, characterized by the above.

52. In the transmitting step, the transmitting device assigns a serial number to each input signal obtained by replicating the input signal, and transmits the first checksum calculated by performing an operation on the first data calculated by performing an operation on each of the replicated input signals with different serial numbers by the first computer, and the second data calculated by performing an operation on each of the replicated input signals with different serial numbers by the second computer. In the receiving step, the receiving device performs an operation on all the second data based on the same input signal to calculate the second checksum, compares the first checksum with the second checksum for each serial number, and adopts the second data when all of them match. The communication method according to claim 49, characterized in that...

53. In the sending step, the sending device includes a plurality of the first computers, and the plurality of the first computers each calculate the first data by the same calculation method and calculate the first checksum by the same calculation method, and send the plurality of the first checksums and one piece of the second data to the receiving device. In the receiving step, the receiving device receives the plurality of the first checksums and one piece of the second data, calculates one second checksum for the second data by the same calculation method as the calculation method performed by the sending device, compares the plurality of the first checksums with one second checksum, and determines whether to adopt the second data according to the matching ratio. The communication method according to any one of claims 49 to 52, characterized in that...

54. In the sending step, the sending device includes a plurality of the first computers, and the plurality of the first computers each calculate the first data by the same calculation method and calculate the first checksum by the same calculation method, and further perform a checksum calculation on the plurality of the first checksums calculated by the plurality of the first computers to aggregate them into one checksum, and send the aggregated one checksum and one piece of the second data to the receiving device. In the receiving step, the receiving device receives the aggregated one checksum and one piece of the second data, calculates a plurality of the second checksums for the second data by the same calculation method as the calculation method performed by the sending device, further performs a checksum calculation on the plurality of the second checksums by the same calculation method as the calculation method performed by the sending device to aggregate them into one checksum, compares the checksum aggregated into one by the sending device with the checksum aggregated into one by the receiving device, and determines whether to adopt the second data. The communication method according to claim 50, characterized in that...

55. In the sending step, the sending device includes a plurality of the first computers. The plurality of the first computers calculate the first data by the same calculation method respectively, calculate the first checksum by different calculation methods respectively, and send the plurality of the first checksums and one piece of the second data to the receiving device. In the receiving step, the receiving device receives the plurality of the first checksums and one piece of the second data, calculates a plurality of second checksums for the second data by the same plurality of different calculation methods as the plurality of different calculation methods performed by the sending device, compares the first checksum and the second checksum calculated by the same calculation method for each calculation method, and determines whether to adopt the second data according to the matching ratio. The communication method according to any one of claims 49 to 52, characterized in that.

56. In the sending step, the sending device includes a plurality of the first computers. The plurality of the first computers calculate the first data by the same calculation method respectively, calculate the first checksum by different calculation methods respectively, perform a checksum calculation on the plurality of the first checksums calculated by the plurality of the first computers and aggregate them into one checksum, and send the aggregated one checksum and one piece of the second data to the receiving device. In the receiving step, the receiving device receives the aggregated one checksum and one piece of the second data, calculates a plurality of second checksums for the second data by the same plurality of different calculation methods as the plurality of different calculation methods performed by the sending device, further performs a checksum calculation on the plurality of the second checksums by the same calculation method as the calculation method performed by the sending device and aggregates them into one checksum, compares the checksum aggregated into one by the sending device and the checksum aggregated into one by the receiving device, and determines whether to adopt the second data. The communication method according to claim 50, characterized in that.

57. In the sending step, the sending device includes a plurality of the first computers, and the plurality of the first computers are connected such that the input signal is input to each of them and are connected in series. Each of the plurality of the first computers calculates the first data, and calculates the first checksum using the first data calculated by the same first computer and the first checksum calculated by the first computer in the previous stage except for the first computer at the forefront of the plurality of the first computers connected in series. The sending device transmits the first checksum calculated by the first computer at the last stage of the plurality of the first computers connected in series and the second data to the receiving device. In the receiving step, the receiving device performs the calculation of the second checksum a plurality of times on the second data under the same conditions as when the plurality of the first computers included in the sending device calculate the first checksum, and uses the finally obtained one second checksum for comparison. The communication method according to any one of claims 49 to 52, characterized in that. [

58. ] In the sending step, the sending device includes a plurality of computer groups each including a plurality of the first computers connected in series and one second computer, and includes a plurality of sending units. In each computer group of the plurality of computer groups, the plurality of first computers are connected such that the input signal is input to each of them and are connected in series. The plurality of first computers each calculate the first data. The plurality of first computers each calculate the first checksum using the first data calculated by the same first computer and the first checksum calculated by the first computer in the previous stage except for the first computer at the forefront of the plurality of first computers connected in series. In the plurality of sending units, each sending unit acquires the first checksum calculated by the first computer at the last stage of the plurality of first computers connected in series and the second data from each computer group, and performs the calculation of the second checksum a plurality of times using the second data by the same calculation method as the calculation method of the first checksum performed in each computer group, and compares the finally obtained second checksum with the acquired first checksum, and determines the first checksum and the second data to be sent to the receiving device based on the comparison result. In the receiving step, when the receiving device receives the first checksum and the second data from the sending device a plurality of times, the receiving device adopts one of the received plurality of first checksums and the second data, and performs the calculation of the second checksum a plurality of times on the second data under the same conditions as the conditions when the plurality of first computers included in the sending device calculate the first checksum, and uses the finally obtained one second checksum for comparison. The communication method according to any one of claims 49 to 52, characterized by the above.