Trolley system capable of automatic formwork opening and closing for box culvert

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of formworks in building construction. Disclosed is a trolley system capable of automatic formwork opening and closing for a box culvert. The trolley system capable of automatic formwork opening and closing for a box culvert comprises trolley frame bodies, formwork devices, adjusting devices, and outer frame bodies; each formwork device comprises side formwork mechanisms, a top formwork mechanism, angle formwork mechanisms, and an outer formwork mechanism; each adjusting device comprises first horizontal driving mechanisms, a vertical driving mechanism and angle formwork driving mechanisms which are provided in the corresponding trolley frame body, and a second horizontal driving mechanism provided on the corresponding outer frame body. According to the present invention, the positions of the side formwork mechanisms, the top formwork mechanism, the angle formwork mechanisms, and the outer formwork mechanism are respectively adjusted by means of the first horizontal driving mechanisms, the vertical driving mechanism, the angle formwork driving mechanisms, and the second horizontal driving mechanism, thereby realizing automatic formwork erection of an inner side formwork and an outer side formwork of a box culvert, thus improving the automation level of box culvert formwork erection, and improving the construction efficiency.

Description

A box culvert automatic opening and closing template trolley system Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an automatic opening and closing formwork trolley system for a box culvert, belonging to the technical field of building construction formwork. Background Art

[0002] At present, in the construction of various types of box culverts, the project site generally adopts the traditional method of setting up scaffolding to support the formwork and carry out concrete pouring construction. The traditional construction method has problems such as low efficiency, low construction accuracy, and great safety hazards, which seriously restricts the development of industrialized construction. At the same time, some box culverts are transported and installed to the project site as a whole through factory prefabrication, but they also have problems such as excessive height and width during transportation, difficulty in sealing the gaps between components, and difficulty in ensuring waterproofing in water-rich areas. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an automatic opening and closing formwork trolley system for box culverts to effectively improve the level of industrialized construction at the project site, improve construction efficiency, enhance construction quality, and ensure construction safety.

[0003] Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to address the problems of low construction efficiency, low construction precision and great safety hazards during the construction process caused by the low level of industrialized construction at existing project sites, and to provide a box culvert automatic opening and closing formwork trolley system. The trolley system can realize functions such as automatic opening and closing, automatic adjustment of side forms, corner forms and top forms, thereby effectively providing an industrialized construction level at the project site, greatly improving construction efficiency, enhancing construction quality and ensuring construction safety.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention includes the following technical solutions:

[0006] A box culvert automatic opening and closing template trolley system, comprising a trolley frame, a template device, an adjustment device and an outer frame;

[0007] The template device includes a side mold mechanism, a top mold mechanism, a corner mold mechanism and an outer mold mechanism;

[0008] The adjustment device includes a first horizontal drive mechanism, a vertical drive mechanism, a corner mold drive mechanism, and a second horizontal drive mechanism provided on the outer frame;

[0009] Among them, the first horizontal driving mechanism can adjust the position of the side formwork mechanism, the vertical driving mechanism can adjust the position of the top formwork mechanism, and the corner formwork driving mechanism can adjust the position of the corner formwork mechanism. The coordinated operation of the first horizontal driving mechanism, the vertical driving mechanism, and the corner formwork driving mechanism can enable the side formwork mechanism, the top formwork mechanism, and the corner formwork mechanism to form an inner formwork system that matches the box culvert duct; the second horizontal driving mechanism can adjust the position of the outer formwork mechanism, so that the outer formwork mechanism forms an outer formwork system that matches the box culvert duct; the enclosed area between the inner formwork system and the outer formwork system forms the casting area of ​​the box culvert side wall and top plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the side mold mechanism includes a side wall inner mold, and the outer mold mechanism includes a side wall outer mold. Matching bolt holes are provided on the side wall inner mold and the side wall outer mold, and are fixed by tension bolts.

[0011] The tension bolt includes a tension rod and a locking plate;

[0012] One end of the tie rod is provided with an inverted cone tooth, and the other end is provided with an external thread;

[0013] The locking disk is an annular structure, including two radially arranged through holes, each of which is provided with a telescopic assembly, comprising a telescopic tongue, a spring, and a solenoid valve; sliders are provided on both sides of the telescopic tongue, and a sliding groove matching the sliders is provided on the side wall of the through hole, and the telescopic tongue can move radially along the through hole in the sliding groove via the slider; the solenoid valve is spaced apart from the telescopic tongue and fixed in the through hole; the two ends of the spring respectively abut against the solenoid valve and the telescopic tongue;

[0014] Among them, the telescopic tongue extends out under the action of the spring force and is connected with the inverted cone tooth buckle to limit the pull rod in one direction; the solenoid valve can control the telescopic tongue to retract into the through hole through electromagnetic force, so that the telescopic tongue is separated from the inverted cone tooth.

[0015] Furthermore, a hinged ear plate 1 is provided at the back end of the top mold mechanism, and a hinged ear plate 2 is provided at the back end of the corner mold mechanism. The top mold mechanism and the corner mold mechanism are connected by a pin passing through the hinged ear plate 1 and the hinged ear plate 2, and the hinge point is recorded as a first hinge point;

[0016] A rotating support is provided on the back of the top mold mechanism, and the rotating axis of the rotating support is perpendicular to the extension and contraction direction of the corner mold driving mechanism. The corner mold driving mechanism is provided on the rotating support and can rotate along the rotating support axis;

[0017] The angle mold driving mechanism can drive the angle mold mechanism to rotate around the first hinge point. During the rotation process, the angle mold driving mechanism can rotate around the rotating support so that the angle of the angle mold driving mechanism matches the position of the angle mold mechanism.

[0018] Further, the outer frame body includes a main frame body and a suspended frame body, and the suspended frame body is arranged on the top of the main frame body;

[0019] The adjusting device further includes a suspension mechanism arranged on the outer frame body; the suspension mechanism adopts a winch, a suspension cross beam is arranged on the suspended frame body, a fixed pulley extending outwards is arranged on the suspension cross beam, and the rope of the winch passes through the fixed pulley and is connected to the top of the outer mold mechanism;

[0020] A guiding mechanism arranged vertically is provided on the back of the outer mold mechanism, a guiding wheel is arranged at the end of the second horizontal driving member, and the guiding wheel is matched with the guiding mechanism, so that the guiding mechanism can move up and down along with the outer mold mechanism.

[0021] Further, a sunken U-shaped structure is arranged in the middle of the bottom of the carriage frame body; a support with adjustable height is arranged below the carriage frame body;

[0022] The box culvert automatic opening and closing formwork trolley system further includes a traveling device, and the traveling device can travel into the U-shaped structure of the carriage frame body. By adjusting the height of the support, the carriage frame body can be placed on the traveling device and the traveling device can drive the carriage frame body to travel.

[0023] Further, a positioning device is also arranged at the position below the side mold mechanism on both sides of the carriage frame body;

[0024] The positioning device includes a horizontal telescopic member and a limiting end plate. One end of the horizontal telescopic member is installed on the carriage frame body, the other end is a telescopic end and faces the side wall of the box culvert, and the limiting end plate is installed at the telescopic end of the horizontal telescopic member; under the drive of the horizontal telescopic member, the limiting end plate can abut against the side wall of the already poured box culvert to control the position of the carriage frame body in the width direction of the box culvert channel.

[0025] Further, a cantilever mechanism is arranged on the carriage frame body;

[0026] The cantilever structure includes a telescopic cantilever beam, a first support, and a second support. One end of the telescopic cantilever beam is fixed through the first support and the second support, and the other end is a telescopic end, and the telescopic end is hinged to the back of the side mold mechanism. <00000​​​​​​The first connecting plate is vertically arranged and fixed on the trolley frame, the second connecting plate is arranged on the side of the first support and overlapped with the first connecting plate, the first connecting plate is provided with a horizontal through hole, the second connecting plate is provided with a long hole, the direction of the long hole is vertically arranged, and the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate are connected by bolts provided in the horizontal through hole and the long hole;

[0030] One end of the support plate is connected to the side of the first connecting plate near the bottom end, and the other end is set as a horizontal cantilever. The support plate is located below the first support, and a vertical through hole is provided on the support plate. An adjusting bolt is provided in the vertical through hole, and the top of the adjusting bolt is tightened against the bottom of the first support; the height of the first support can be adjusted by the adjusting bolt.

[0031] Furthermore, a first rotating bearing is provided on the first support seat, and a second rotating bearing is provided on the second support seat, and the rotating axes of the first rotating bearing and the second rotating bearing are arranged horizontally;

[0032] The bottom of the telescopic cantilever beam is placed on the top of the first rotating bearing, and the top of the end of the telescopic cantilever beam away from the side mold mechanism is pressed upward against the bottom of the second rotating bearing, and the telescopic cantilever beam is in linear contact with the first rotating bearing and the second rotating bearing;

[0033] A vertical slide groove is provided on the back side of the side mold mechanism, and the end of the first horizontal driving mechanism is limited in the vertical slide groove.

[0034] Furthermore, an inclinometer is provided on the side mold mechanism, and the first horizontal drive mechanism is connected to a controller. The controller is used to receive the inclination data of the side mold mechanism measured by the inclinometer, and control the first horizontal drive mechanism to extend and retract accordingly, thereby automatically adjusting the verticality of the side mold mechanism.

[0035] Due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following advantages and positive effects compared with the prior art: the present invention respectively adjusts the positions of the side formwork mechanism, the top formwork mechanism, the corner formwork mechanism and the outer formwork mechanism through the first horizontal drive mechanism, the vertical drive mechanism, the corner formwork mechanism and the second horizontal drive mechanism, thereby realizing the automatic erection of the inner formwork and the outer formwork of the box culvert, improving the automation level of the box culvert formwork and improving the construction efficiency; by arranging the tension bolts with self-locking function, the efficiency of the installation of the tension bolts is improved; by hingedly connecting the ends of the top formwork mechanism and the corner formwork mechanism, and arranging a rotating The support enables the corner mold mechanism and the corner mold driving mechanism to be installed on the top mold mechanism, which facilitates the splicing of the top mold mechanism and the corner mold mechanism; by arranging a cantilever mechanism and a height adjustment device on the trolley frame, it can bear the vertical load of the side mold mechanism and adjust the height of each side mold mechanism individually, thereby improving the splicing accuracy of the side mold mechanism; by arranging a walking device, a frame horizontal adjustment walking wheel, a transport guide device, and a positioning device, the walking device can meet the transportation needs of multiple trolley frames, and can ensure the safety and convenience of trolley frame transportation, and can accurately control the position of the trolley frame in the width direction of the box culvert. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a box culvert automatic opening and closing template trolley system according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a trolley frame, a template device, and an adjustment device in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a template device in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a tension bolt in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] FIG5 is a cross-sectional view taken along AA in FIG4 ;

[0041] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of an outer mold mechanism and an outer frame according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of a top mold mechanism, a corner mold mechanism, and a corner mold driving mechanism in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of a trolley frame in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] FIG9 is an enlarged view of area G in FIG8 ;

[0045] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of a first support in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of a cantilever mechanism, a first horizontal drive mechanism, and a side mold mechanism in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] The numbers in the figure are as follows:

[0048] 1-box culvert bottom plate; 2-box culvert side wall;

[0049] 10 - trolley frame; 11 - upright column; 12 - crossbeam; 13 - inclined rod; 14 - working platform; 15 - support; 16 - frame horizontal adjustment wheel; 17 - transport guide device; 171 - spring rod; 172 - limit roller; 18 - positioning device; 181 - horizontal telescopic member; 182 - limit end plate;

[0050] 20-Template device; 21-Side mold mechanism; 211-Side wall inner mold; 212-Longitudinal keel; 213-Horizontal keel; 22-Top mold mechanism; 221-Top mold plate; 222-Top mold keel; 223-End plate; 224-Rotary support; 23-Angle mold mechanism; 231-Angle mold plate; 232-Angle mold keel; 233-Connecting plate; 24-Outer mold mechanism; 241-Side wall outer mold; 25-Tension bolt; 251-Tension rod; 2511-Inverted cone tooth; 2512-External thread; 252-Locking disk; 2521-Through hole; 2522-Telescopic tongue; 2523-Spring; 2524-Solenoid valve; 2525-Slider; 2526-Slide; 253-Tension disk; 26-Push-pull frame;

[0051] 30 - Adjustment device; 31 - First horizontal drive mechanism; 32 - Vertical drive mechanism; 33 - Corner mold drive mechanism; 34 - Suspension mechanism; 35 - Second horizontal drive mechanism; 36 - Cantilever mechanism; 361 - Telescopic cantilever beam; 362 - First support; 3621 - First rotating bearing; 363 - Second support; 3631 - Second rotating bearing; 364 - Height adjustment device; 3641 - First connecting plate; 3642 - Second connecting plate; 3643 - Support plate; 3644 - Stiffening plate; 3645 - Adjustment bolt;

[0052] 40-external frame; 41-main frame; 42-suspension frame;

[0053] 50-Travel gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] The following is a detailed description of the automatic box culvert formwork trolley system provided by the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description. It should be noted that the accompanying drawings are highly simplified and not to exact scale, and are intended solely to facilitate and clarify the purpose of illustrating the embodiments of the present invention.

[0055] As shown in FIG1 , this embodiment provides a box culvert automatic opening and closing formwork trolley system, comprising a trolley frame 10 , a formwork device 20 , an adjustment device 30 and an outer frame 40 .

[0056] As shown in Figures 1 and 8, the trolley frame 10 includes a plurality of vertically arranged columns 11 and horizontally arranged crossbeams 12, and the crossbeams 12 are fixedly connected to the columns 11 to form a frame structure. The specific dimensions of the trolley frame 10 are designed according to the shape and size of the box culvert. In order to improve the stability and safety of the trolley frame 10, the trolley frame 10 also includes a plurality of diagonal rods 13, and the diagonal rods 13 are cross-fixed to the columns 11 and the crossbeams 12. The columns 11, the crossbeams 12, and the diagonal rods 13 can be fixed by bolts or welding. Other structures can also be provided on the trolley frame 10 as needed, for example, a work platform 14 is provided for placing tools, parts, etc. The number of trolley frames 10 can be set according to the number of box culvert ducts, for example, two trolley frames 10 are provided in Figure 1.

[0057] As shown in Figures 1 and 3, the formwork device 20 includes a side formwork mechanism 21, a top formwork mechanism 22, a corner formwork mechanism 23, and an outer formwork mechanism 24. The side formwork mechanism 21 is used to support the inner side of the box culvert side wall, the top formwork mechanism 22 is used to support the box culvert top plate, and the corner formwork mechanism 23 cooperates with the side formwork mechanism 21 and the top formwork mechanism 22 to achieve formwork support at the corners between the box culvert top plate and the side wall. The outer formwork mechanism 24 is used to support the outer side of the box culvert side wall. The side formwork mechanism 21, the top formwork mechanism 22, and the corner formwork mechanism 23 are spliced ​​together to form the inner formwork structure of the box culvert, which together with the outer formwork mechanism 24 enclose the casting area of ​​the box culvert side wall and the box culvert top plate.

[0058] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the adjustment device 30 includes a first horizontal drive mechanism 31, a vertical drive mechanism 32, a corner mold drive mechanism 33, and a second horizontal drive mechanism 35. The first horizontal drive mechanism 31 includes a plurality of first horizontal drive members horizontally arranged on the trolley frame 10. One end of the first horizontal drive member is fixed to the trolley frame 10, and the other end is connected to the side mold mechanism 21. The back side of the side mold mechanism 21 is connected to at least two upper and lower rows of first horizontal drive members, with at least two first horizontal drive members arranged in each row. The four first horizontal drive members operate synchronously to enable the side mold mechanism 21 to move as a whole. When the upper and lower rows of first horizontal drive members are adjusted separately, the side mold mechanism 21 can be pitched and rotated in the vertical direction. When the left and right columns of first horizontal drive members are adjusted separately, the side mold mechanism 21 can be rotated left and right in the horizontal direction. Therefore, the first horizontal drive mechanism 31 can not only adjust the overall displacement of the side mold mechanism 21, but also enable the side mold mechanism 21 to pitch and rotate left and right.

[0059] As shown in Figures 1 and 2 , the vertical drive mechanism 32 includes multiple vertical drive members horizontally mounted on the trolley frame 10. One end of each vertical drive member is fixed to the trolley frame 10, and the other end is connected to the top mold mechanism 22. The back of the top mold mechanism 22 is connected to at least four vertical drive members, which are arranged in two rows of two columns. Similar to the working principle of the first horizontal drive mechanism 31, the vertical drive mechanism 32 can not only adjust the overall vertical displacement of the top mold mechanism 22, but also adjust the top mold mechanism 22 to rotate along the length and width of the box culvert.

[0060] As shown in Figures 1, 2 and 7, one end of the corner mold driving mechanism 33 is arranged on the back of the top mold mechanism 22, and the other end is connected to the back of the corner mold structure, which is used to control the movement of the corner mold mechanism 23, so that the corner mold mechanism 23, the top mold mechanism 22, and the side mold mechanism 21 can cooperate with each other to realize the overall formwork of the side wall, top plate and the connection between the side and the top plate of the box culvert pipe.

[0061] As shown in Figures 1 and 6, the outer frame 40 is used to provide support for the outer mold mechanism 24 and the second horizontal drive mechanism 35. As an example, the outer frame 40 includes a main frame 41, which includes a plurality of vertically arranged columns and horizontally arranged beams. The beams are fixedly connected to the columns to form a frame structure. The main frame 41 is usually arranged in a rectangular shape. One end of the second horizontal drive mechanism 35 is fixed to the main frame 41, and the other end is connected to the back of the outer mold mechanism to adjust the position of the outer mold mechanism. Furthermore, the adjustment device 30 also includes a suspension mechanism 34, which is used to suspend the outer mold mechanism 24. The vertical load of the outer mold mechanism 24 is borne by the suspension mechanism 34. The outer frame 40 also includes a suspension frame 42, which is arranged on the top of the main frame 41. By way of example, the suspension mechanism 34 may be a winch, with a suspension frame 42 provided with a suspension beam 43, which is provided with an outwardly extending fixed pulley. The rope of the winch passes through the fixed pulley and is connected to the top of the outer mold mechanism 24. The second horizontal drive mechanism 35 includes at least two rows of second horizontal drive members provided on the outer frame 40, with at least two second horizontal drive members in each row. One end of the second horizontal drive member is fixed to the outer frame 40, and the other end is connected to the outer mold mechanism 24. The second horizontal drive mechanism 35 operates in a similar manner to the first horizontal drive mechanism 31, capable of adjusting the overall displacement of the outer mold mechanism 24 and causing the side mold mechanism 21 to pitch, rotate, and rotate left and right. The second horizontal driving mechanism 35 is used to adjust the horizontal displacement of the outer mold mechanism 24, the suspension mechanism 34 is used to bear the weight of the outer mold mechanism, and is also used to adjust the height of the outer mold mechanism 24. Preferably, a vertically arranged guide mechanism is provided on the back of the outer mold mechanism 24, and a guide wheel is provided at the end of the second horizontal driving member. The guide wheel matches the guide mechanism, and the guide wheel does not limit the guide mechanism from moving up and down with the outer mold mechanism 24, thereby avoiding conflict between the suspension mechanism 34 adjusting the height of the outer mold mechanism 24 and the second horizontal driving mechanism 35 adjusting the horizontal displacement of the outer mold mechanism.

[0062] The working principle of the box culvert automatic opening and closing formwork trolley system provided in this embodiment is as follows: the box culvert bottom plate 1 and the box culvert side wall 2 of a certain height have been cast and the demolding work has been completed, and then the trolley frame 10 is placed in the appropriate position of the box culvert duct, and the position of the top formwork mechanism 22 is adjusted by the vertical drive mechanism 32, and the position of the corner formwork mechanism 23 is adjusted by the corner formwork drive mechanism 33, so that the corner formwork mechanism cooperates with the top formwork mechanism 22, and then the position of the side formwork mechanism 21 is adjusted by the first horizontal drive mechanism 31, so that the side formwork mechanism cooperates with the corner formwork mechanism, and the top formwork mechanism 22, the corner formwork mechanism 23, and the side formwork mechanism 21 cooperate to realize the overall formwork inside the box culvert duct; after the steel bars are tied, the outer frame 40 is set at a suitable position, and the outer frame 40 is opened by the suspension mechanism. The hanging mechanism 34 and the second horizontal driving mechanism 35 adjust the height, horizontal position and angle of the outer form mechanism 24 so that the position of the outer form mechanism 24 matches that of the side form mechanism 21, and the outer form mechanism 24 is connected to the side form mechanism 21 using the tension bolts 25; concrete is poured between the outer form mechanism 24 and the side form mechanism 21 and on top of the top form mechanism 22 and the corner form mechanism 23 to form the side walls and top plate of the box culvert; after the concrete strength reaches the requirement, the tension bolts 25 between the outer form mechanism 24 and the side form mechanism 21 are released, the outer form mechanism is demolded by the second horizontal driving mechanism, the side form mechanism is demolded by the first horizontal driving mechanism, the corner form mechanism is demolded by the corner form driving mechanism, and the top form mechanism is demolded by the vertical driving mechanism.

[0063] It should be noted that the first horizontal drive mechanism 31, the vertical drive mechanism 32, the corner mold drive mechanism 33, and the second horizontal drive mechanism 35 can all use screw lifts, which are driven by servo motors and can achieve automatic movement according to programs or remote control. In other embodiments, the horizontal drive component can also use an electric telescopic rod or other drive component that can achieve reciprocating motion in a single direction.

[0064] In a specific embodiment, as shown in Figures 1 to 3, the side mold mechanism 21 includes a side wall inner mold 211, and the outer mold mechanism 24 includes a side wall outer mold 241. The side wall inner mold 211 and the side wall outer mold 241 are provided with matching bolt holes and are secured by tension bolts 25. After the side wall inner mold 211 is adjusted into place, the installation of the tension bolts 25 is not conducive due to the trolley frame 10, the first horizontal drive mechanism 31, the vertical drive mechanism 32, the corner mold drive mechanism 33, the side mold mechanism 21, the top mold mechanism 22, the corner mold mechanism 23, etc. provided in the box culvert duct. Preferably, the tension bolts 25 are tension bolts with a self-locking function. As shown in Figures 1 to 5, the tension bolts 25 include a tension rod 251 and a locking disk 252. One end of the tension rod 251 is provided with inverted cone teeth 2511, and the other end is provided with external threads 2512. The locking disk 252 is a circular ring structure, comprising two radially arranged through-holes 2521. Each through-hole 2521 houses a telescopic assembly comprising a telescopic tongue 2522, a spring 2523, and a solenoid valve 2524. Sliders 2525 are positioned on either side of the telescopic tongue 2522, and slots 2526 are provided on the sidewalls of the through-holes to accommodate the slides. The slides 2525 allow the telescopic tongue 2522 to move within the slots 2526 along the through-holes 2521. The solenoid valve 2524 is spaced apart from the telescopic tongue 2522 and secured within the through-holes 2521. The ends of the spring 2523 abut against the solenoid valve 2524 and the telescopic tongue 2522, respectively. The operating principle of the tension bolt 25 is further described below. When one end of the tie rod 251 is inserted into the locking disk 252, the inverted cone teeth 2511 gradually press against the retractable tongue 2522, compressing and deforming the spring 2523, and gradually retracting the retractable tongue 2522 into the through hole 2521. After the retractable tongue 2522 passes over one inverted cone tooth 2511, the spring force pushes the retractable tongue 2522 out and into the tooth groove, further pushing the tie rod 251 to meet the required position of the locking disk 252 and the tie rod 251. The inverted cone tooth 2511 has a tapered surface with a gradually increasing radius and an end surface with a sudden change in radius. The tapered surface enables the retractable tongue 2522 to retract, and a tooth groove is formed between the end surface and the tapered surface of the adjacent inverted cone tooth 2511. When the retractable tongue 2522 is in the tooth groove, the tie rod 251 can only move toward the direction of insertion into the locking disk 252 and cannot move in the opposite direction, thus providing the locking disk 252 with a one-way locking function. A solenoid valve 2524 is provided on the outer edge of the locking disk 252. When the tie rod 251 needs to be withdrawn, it is opened, causing the telescopic tongue 2522 to retract into the through hole of the locking disk 252 under the action of electromagnetic force. At this time, the tie rod 251 can be withdrawn from the locking disk 252. The threaded section of the tie rod 251 is connected to the tie disk 253, and the tie disk 253 can adopt an existing structure.

[0065] In a specific embodiment, as shown in Figures 1 to 3, the side mold mechanism 21 includes a side wall inner mold 211, the outer mold mechanism 24 includes a side wall outer mold 241, the top mold mechanism 22 includes a top mold plate 221, the corner mold mechanism 23 includes a corner mold plate 231, and the outer mold mechanism 24 includes a side wall outer mold 241. The backs of the side wall inner mold 211, the side wall outer mold 241, and the top mold plate 221 are all provided with a push-pull frame 26. As an example, as shown in Figures 1 to 3, for the side wall inner mold, the push-pull frame 26 can be a longitudinal keel 212 and a horizontal keel 213 provided on the back of the template. The longitudinal keel 212 and the horizontal keel 213 are fixed by bolts or welding. The push-pull frame 26 can also be a frame-type structure provided separately. The first horizontal drive mechanism 31, the vertical drive mechanism 32, and the second horizontal drive mechanism 35 are respectively connected to the push-pull frame 26. The side wall inner mold 211, the top mold 221, and the corner mold 231 are spliced ​​to form an integral mold structure, which is arranged inside the box culvert duct. The side wall outer mold 241 is arranged opposite to the side wall inner mold 211, and the height of the side wall outer mold 241 is higher than the height of the side wall inner mold 211, which is convenient for casting the box culvert top plate.

[0066] In a specific embodiment, in combination with Figures 1 to 3 and Figure 7, an angle mold keel 232 and a connecting plate 233 are provided on the back of the corner mold formwork 231 of the angle mold mechanism 23, and a top mold keel 222 and a push-pull frame 26 are provided on the back of the top mold formwork of the top mold mechanism 22. The push-pull frame is located on the back of the top mold keel and is connected to the top mold keel. A sealing end plate 223 is provided at the end of the top mold keel. One end of the connecting plate is hinged to the sealing end plate 223, and this hinge point is referred to as the first hinge point. A rotating support 224 is provided at the end of the pushing-pull frame. The angle mold driving mechanism 33 is provided on the rotating support 224 and can rotate along the axis of the rotating support 224. The telescopic end of the angle mold driving mechanism 33 is hinged to the other end of the connecting plate or to the angle mold keel 232, and this hinge point is referred to as the second hinge point. When the corner mold drive mechanism 33 extends, it pushes the second hinge point to move, causing the corner mold mechanism 23 to rotate counterclockwise around the first hinge point, thereby splicing and fixing the corner mold plate with the top mold plate. When the corner mold drive mechanism 33 contracts, it pulls the second hinge point to move, causing the corner mold mechanism 23 to rotate clockwise around the first hinge point, thereby separating the corner mold plate from the top mold plate. It should be noted that a rotating support 224 is provided at the end of the push-pull frame. During the rotation of the corner mold mechanism 23, the corner mold drive mechanism 33 rotates around the rotating support 224, so that the position of the corner mold drive mechanism 33 is adapted to the position of the corner mold mechanism 23. For example, the rotating support 224 includes a rotating bearing and a rotating plate. The inner ring of the rotating bearing is fixedly connected to the back of the top mold mechanism, and the outer ring of the rotating bearing is fixedly connected to the rotating plate. The rotating plate can rotate around the rotating bearing, and the first horizontal drive mechanism is hinged to the rotating plate.

[0067] In a specific embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 8, a sunken U-shaped structure is provided in the middle part of the bottom of the carriage frame body 10. The box culvert automatic opening and closing formwork trolley system further includes a traveling device 50, which can be an electric flat trolley. The traveling device 50 can travel into the U-shaped structure of the carriage frame body 10. In order to enable the carriage frame body 10 to be supported on the traveling device 50, a height-adjustable support 15 is provided below the carriage frame body 10. The height of the support 15 can be adjusted by a turbo-screw lift配合a servo motor for lifting and lowering. During the process of concrete pouring and maintenance, the carriage frame body 101 always remains stationary in the box culvert under the support of the support 15. When the maintenance is completed and the formwork is removed, the carriage frame body 10 needs to be moved to the construction position of the next stage. The traveling device 50 is moved below the carriage frame body 10. By adjusting the height of the support 15, the whole carriage frame body 10 is lowered and supported on the traveling device 50. The support 15 is separated from the bottom box culvert floor 1, and the traveling device 50 drives the carriage frame body 10 to travel to the next required position. After the traveling device 50 is moved to the preset position, the height of the support is adjusted so that the support is supported on the box culvert floor 1 and separated from the traveling device 50. Then the traveling device 50 slides away from the bottom of the carriage frame body 10. Therefore, the traveling device 50 in this embodiment can be applied to the movement of multiple carriage frame bodies 10.

[0068] In a specific embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in order to enable the traveling device to smoothly move the carriage frame body, a transportation guiding device 17 is provided at a position on the carriage frame body below the side formwork mechanism. The transportation guiding device 17 includes a spring rod 171 and a limiting roller 172. The spring rod 171 can be telescopic and elastic. One end of the spring rod 171 is fixedly installed on the carriage frame body, and the other end is arranged towards the direction of the box culvert side wall. The limiting roller 172 is rotatably installed at the end of the spring rod away from the carriage frame body, and the rotating shaft of the limiting roller 172 is in the vertical direction. The limiting roller can continuously abut against the box culvert side wall under the action of the spring rod, so as to play a guiding role during the movement of the traveling device.

[0069] In a specific embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in order to adjust the left and right positions of the carriage frame body in the box culvert, positioning devices 18 are further provided at positions below the side formwork mechanisms on both sides of the carriage frame body. Specifically, the positioning device 18 includes a horizontal telescopic member 181 and a limiting end plate 182. The horizontal telescopic member 181 is installed on the carriage frame body, and the telescopic end of the horizontal telescopic member 181 faces the box culvert side wall. The limiting end plate 182 is installed at the telescopic end of the horizontal telescopic member 181. Under the drive of the horizontal telescopic member 181, the limiting end plate 182 can abut against the already poured box culvert side wall. As an example, the horizontal telescopic member 181 is a screw lift.

[0070] In a specific embodiment, in combination with Figures 1 and 2, when adjusting the left and right positions of the trolley frame in the box culvert duct, in order to facilitate the left and right movement of the trolley frame on the traveling device, a frame horizontal adjustment traveling wheel 16 is provided in the U-shaped structure of the trolley frame. The frame horizontal adjustment traveling wheel 16 is fixed to the trolley frame through an installation bracket, and the horizontal adjustment traveling wheel can be supported on the upper surface of the traveling device, so that the trolley frame can be easily moved left and right during the process of adjusting the left and right positions of the trolley frame in the box culvert duct.

[0071] In one specific embodiment, as shown in Figures 1, 2, and 8, the trolley frame 10 is provided with a cantilever mechanism 36, which is used to bear the vertical load of the side mold mechanism 21. The cantilever mechanism 36 includes a telescopic cantilever beam 361, a first support 362, and a second support 363. One end of the telescopic cantilever beam 361 is fixed by the first support 362 and the second support 363, and the other end is a telescopic end, which is hinged to the back of the side mold mechanism 21. The first horizontal drive mechanism is only used to push or retract the side mold mechanism 21. During the pushing and retracting process, the telescopic cantilever beam correspondingly expands and contracts to match. For example, the telescopic cantilever beam is a sleeve structure, including an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve. The outer sleeve is fixed to the first support and the second support. One end of the inner sleeve is located within the outer sleeve and can move along the length of the outer sleeve. To facilitate the expansion and contraction of the telescopic cantilever beam, the inner and outer sleeves are connected by rollers or wheels.

[0072] When the height and levelness of the trolley frame 10 have been adjusted, it is possible that there is still a deviation in the height of the side mold mechanism 21, and the height of the side mold mechanism 21 needs to be adjusted. Preferably, the first support 362 is fixed to the trolley frame 10 through a height adjustment device 364. The height adjustment device 364 includes a first connecting plate 3641, a second connecting plate 3642, a support plate 3643, a stiffening plate 3644 and an adjusting bolt 3645. The first connecting plate 3641 is vertically arranged and fixed to the trolley frame 10. The second connecting plate 3642 is arranged on the side of the first support 362 and overlaps with the first connecting plate 3641. The first connecting plate is provided with a horizontal through hole, and the second connecting plate is provided with a long strip hole. The direction of the long strip hole is vertically arranged. The first connecting plate and the second connecting plate are connected by bolts arranged in the horizontal through hole and the long strip hole. The long strip hole enables the first connecting plate to move up and down relative to the first connecting plate. The support plate 3643 is positioned horizontally, with one end connected to the side of the first connecting plate near the bottom end. A stiffening plate 3644 is positioned between the support plate and the first connecting plate. The support plate is provided with a vertical through-hole, into which an adjustment bolt 3645 is installed. The top of the adjustment bolt presses against the bottom of the first support. The position of the support plate and the first connecting plate remains unchanged; the height of the first support can be adjusted by adjusting the height of the adjustment bolt extending from the support plate.

[0073] When the height of the first support is adjusted, since the height of the second support remains unchanged, the telescopic cantilever beam 361 needs to rotate. Preferably, a first rotation bearing 3621 is provided on the first support 362, and a second rotation bearing 3631 is provided on the second support 363. The rotation axes of the first and second rotation bearings 3621 and 3631 are arranged horizontally. The bottom of the telescopic cantilever beam 361 rests on the top of the first rotation bearing 3621. The top of the end of the telescopic cantilever beam away from the side mold mechanism 21 presses upward against the bottom of the second rotation bearing 3631. The telescopic cantilever beam is in linear contact with the first and second rotation bearings, and the rotation of the telescopic cantilever beam is not restricted. To prevent the first horizontal drive mechanism from restricting the height adjustment of the side mold mechanism 21, a vertical slide is provided on the back side of the side mold mechanism 21. The end of the first horizontal drive mechanism is restrained in the vertical slide. When the height of the side mold mechanism 21 is adjusted, the position of the first horizontal drive mechanism remains unchanged and does not restrict the change in the height of the side mold mechanism.

[0074] In a specific embodiment, an inclinometer is provided on the side mold mechanism 21, and the first horizontal driving mechanism 31 is connected to a controller. The controller is used to receive the inclination data of the side mold mechanism 21 measured by the inclinometer, and control the first horizontal driving mechanism 31 to extend and retract accordingly, thereby automatically adjusting the verticality of the side mold mechanism 21.

[0075] The technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0076] The above-described embodiments merely illustrate several implementations of the present invention, and while their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art would be able to make numerous variations and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present invention, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent for this invention shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A box culvert automatic opening and closing template trolley system, characterized in that: It includes a trolley frame, a template device, an adjustment device and an outer frame; The template device includes a side mold mechanism, a top mold mechanism, a corner mold mechanism and an outer mold mechanism; The adjustment device includes a first horizontal driving mechanism, a vertical driving mechanism, and a corner mold driving mechanism arranged on the trolley frame, and a second horizontal driving mechanism arranged on the outer frame; Among them, the first horizontal driving mechanism can adjust the position of the side formwork mechanism, the vertical driving mechanism can adjust the position of the top formwork mechanism, and the corner formwork driving mechanism can adjust the position of the corner formwork mechanism. The coordinated operation of the first horizontal driving mechanism, the vertical driving mechanism, and the corner formwork driving mechanism can enable the side formwork mechanism, the top formwork mechanism, and the corner formwork mechanism to form an inner formwork system that matches the box culvert duct; the second horizontal driving mechanism can adjust the position of the outer formwork mechanism, so that the outer formwork mechanism forms an outer formwork system that matches the box culvert duct; the enclosed area between the inner formwork system and the outer formwork system forms the casting area of ​​the side wall and the top plate of the box culvert.

2. The box culvert automatic opening and closing template trolley system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The side mold mechanism includes a side wall inner mold, and the outer mold mechanism includes a side wall outer mold. Matching bolt holes are provided on the side wall inner mold and the side wall outer mold, and are fixed by tension bolts. The tension bolt comprises a tension rod and a locking plate; One end of the tie rod is provided with inverted cone teeth, and the other end is provided with external threads; The locking disk is an annular structure, including two through holes arranged radially, each through hole is provided with a group of telescopic components, and the telescopic components include a telescopic tongue, a spring and a solenoid valve; sliders are provided on both sides of the telescopic tongue, and a slide groove matching the slider is provided on the side wall of the through hole, and the telescopic tongue can move radially along the through hole in the slide groove through the slider; the solenoid valve is spaced apart from the telescopic tongue and fixed in the through hole; the two ends of the spring are respectively against the solenoid valve and the telescopic tongue; Among them, the telescopic tongue extends out under the action of the spring force and is connected with the inverted cone tooth buckle to limit the pull rod in one direction; the solenoid valve can control the telescopic tongue to retract into the through hole through electromagnetic force, so that the telescopic tongue is separated from the inverted cone tooth.

3. The box culvert automatic opening and closing template trolley system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The top mold mechanism is provided with a hinged ear plate 1 at the back end, and the corner mold mechanism is provided with a hinged ear plate 2 at the back end. The top mold mechanism and the corner mold mechanism are connected by a pin shaft passing through the hinged ear plate 1 and the hinged ear plate 2, and the hinge point is recorded as the first hinge point; A rotating support is provided at the back of the top mold mechanism, and the rotating axis of the rotating support is perpendicular to the telescopic direction of the corner mold driving mechanism. The corner mold driving mechanism is arranged on the rotating support and can rotate along the rotating support axis; The corner mold driving mechanism can drive the corner mold mechanism to rotate around the first hinge point. During the rotation process, the corner mold driving mechanism can rotate around the rotating support so that the angle of the corner mold driving mechanism matches the position of the corner mold mechanism.

4. The box culvert automatic opening and closing template trolley system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer frame includes a main frame and a suspension frame, and the suspension frame is arranged on the top of the main frame; The adjusting device further includes a suspension mechanism arranged on the outer frame body; the suspension mechanism adopts a winch, a suspension cross beam is arranged on the suspended frame body, a fixed pulley extending outwards is arranged on the suspension cross beam, and the rope of the winch passes through the fixed pulley and is connected to the top of the outer mold mechanism; A guiding mechanism arranged vertically is provided on the back of the outer mold mechanism, a guiding wheel is arranged at the end of the second horizontal driving member, and the guiding wheel is matched with the guiding mechanism, so that the guiding mechanism can move up and down along with the outer mold mechanism.

5. The box culvert automatic opening and closing formwork trolley system according to claim 1, wherein A sunken U-shaped structure is arranged in the middle of the bottom of the trolley frame body; a support with adjustable height is arranged below the trolley frame body; The box culvert automatic opening and closing formwork trolley system further includes a traveling device, the traveling device can travel into the U-shaped structure of the trolley frame body, and by adjusting the height of the support, the trolley frame body can be placed on the traveling device and driven to travel by the traveling device.

6. The box culvert automatic opening and closing formwork trolley system according to claim 5, wherein Positioning devices are further arranged at the positions below the side mold mechanisms on both sides of the trolley frame body; The positioning device includes a horizontal telescopic member and a limiting end plate, one end of the horizontal telescopic member is installed on the trolley frame body, the other end is a telescopic end and faces the side wall of the box culvert, and the limiting end plate is installed at the telescopic end of the horizontal telescopic member; driven by the horizontal telescopic member, the limiting end plate can abut against the side wall of the already cast box culvert to control the position of the trolley frame body in the width direction of the box culvert culvert.

7. The box culvert automatic opening and closing formwork trolley system according to claim 1, wherein A cantilever mechanism is arranged on the trolley frame body; The cantilever structure includes a telescopic cantilever beam, a first support and a second support, one end of the telescopic cantilever beam is fixed through the first support and the second support, the other end is a telescopic end, and the telescopic end is hinged to the back of the side mold mechanism.

8. The box culvert automatic opening and closing formwork trolley system according to claim 7, wherein The first support is fixed on the trolley frame body through a height adjusting device; The height adjusting device includes a first connecting plate, a second connecting plate, a supporting plate and an adjusting bolt; The first connecting plate is arranged vertically and fixed on the trolley frame body, the second connecting plate is arranged on the side of the first support and is overlapped with the first connecting plate, a horizontal through hole is arranged on the first connecting plate, a long hole is arranged on the second connecting plate, the direction of the long hole is arranged vertically, and the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate are connected by bolts arranged in the horizontal through hole and the long hole; One end of the supporting plate is connected to the side of the first connecting plate near the bottom end, the other end is horizontally cantilevered, the supporting plate is located below the first support, a vertical through hole is arranged on the supporting plate, and an adjusting bolt is arranged in the vertical through hole, and the top of the adjusting bolt abuts against the bottom of the first support; the height of the first support can be adjusted through the adjusting bolt.

9. The box culvert automatic opening and closing formwork trolley system according to claim 8, wherein A first rotating bearing is arranged on the first support, a second rotating bearing is arranged on the second support seat, and the rotating shafts of the first rotating bearing and the second rotating bearing are arranged horizontally; The bottom of the telescopic cantilever beam is placed on the top of the first rotating bearing, and the top of one end of the telescopic cantilever beam away from the side mold mechanism presses upward against the bottom of the second rotating bearing, and the telescopic cantilever beam is in linear contact with the first rotating bearing and the second rotating bearing; A vertical slide groove is arranged on the back side of the side mold mechanism, and the end of the first horizontal driving mechanism is limited in the vertical slide groove.

10. The box culvert automatic opening and closing template trolley system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The side mold mechanism is provided with an inclinometer, and the first horizontal drive mechanism is connected to a controller. The controller is used to receive the inclination data of the side mold mechanism measured by the inclinometer, and control the first horizontal driving mechanism to extend and retract accordingly, so as to automatically adjust the verticality of the side mold mechanism.

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