Pretreatment device before garbage sorting

Abstract

A pretreatment device before garbage sorting, the pretreatment device comprising a treatment chamber (1), wherein the treatment chamber (1) is provided with a feeding hopper (2), a discharging port (3) and an exhaust port (9); at least one crushing mechanism (4) is provided at the bottom of the feeding hopper (2); a plurality of heating plates (5) for heating a material are provided in the treatment chamber (1) in the vertical direction; and a material pushing mechanism (6) is provided above each heating plate (5), and each material pushing mechanisms (6) reciprocates in the horizontal direction, so as to push the material on the corresponding heating plate (5) to fall onto another heating plate (5) or into the discharging port (3).

Description

A pre-processing device before garbage sorting

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application is based on and claims priority to a Chinese patent application with an application date of "July 24, 2023", application number "202310912082.6", and invention name "A pretreatment device before garbage sorting". The full text of the Chinese patent application is hereby cited in this application as a part of this application.

Technical field

[0003] The present invention mainly relates to the technical field of garbage treatment, and in particular to a pre-treatment device before garbage sorting. [Background Technology]

[0004] Garbage is solid waste generated in daily life and production. Due to its large volume, complex and diverse composition, and its polluting, resource-intensive, and social nature, it requires harmless, resource-intensive, and socially effective treatment. Failure to properly handle it will pollute the environment, impact sanitation, waste resources, undermine production and living safety, and disrupt social harmony. Garbage disposal is the process of rapidly removing and harmlessly treating it, followed by its proper utilization.

[0005] In order to make more rational use of garbage, it is usually necessary to use garbage sorting equipment to classify the garbage. The garbage sorting equipment can quickly separate domestic waste plastics, organic soil, and other domestic waste into categories and quickly achieve the requirement of garbage reduction. However, due to the high humidity and clumping of mixed garbage, pretreatment is required before entering the garbage sorting equipment to facilitate garbage sorting. In the existing technology, the pretreatment equipment is usually designed in the sorting equipment. The entire equipment is too complicated, and the drying effect is poor, which is not convenient for rapid garbage sorting.

[0006] [Summary of the invention]

[0007] In view of the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a pre-treatment device which has a simple structure, good drying effect and is conducive to garbage sorting.

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] A pre-processing device for garbage sorting includes a processing chamber, which is provided with a feed hopper, a discharge port and an exhaust port. At least one group of crushing mechanisms is provided at the bottom of the feed hopper. Multiple layers of heating plates for heating materials are provided in the processing chamber in a vertical direction. A pushing mechanism is provided above each layer of heating plates. The pushing mechanism reciprocates in the horizontal direction to push the material on the heating plate so that it falls onto another heating plate or the discharge port.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present invention, the processing chamber is a vertical structure.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, the processing chamber is composed of several glass wall panels.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, a heat exchange interlayer is further included, and the heat exchange interlayer is sleeved on the outside of the processing chamber.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present invention, a heat exchange medium is provided in the heat exchange interlayer, and the heat exchange medium is any one or more of heat transfer oil, water, hot air, and steam.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present invention, an outer wall of the processing chamber is provided with a through hole for letting in air.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present invention, the crushing mechanism comprises at least a first crushing assembly and a second crushing assembly that are arranged opposite to each other.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present invention, the first crushing assembly and / or the second crushing assembly is provided with a cutter head structure for dispersing garbage.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present invention, the first crushing assembly and the second crushing assembly have different rotational speeds.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present invention, the first crushing assembly and the second crushing assembly are different in size.

[0019] In some embodiments of the present invention, the heating plate is hollow and further comprises a steam injection assembly for injecting hot steam into the heating plate.

[0020] In some embodiments of the present invention, the heating plate is hollow and further comprises a compressed air pump for supplying hot air to the heating plate.

[0021] In some embodiments of the present invention, the heating plate is hollow and further comprises a heating mechanism, wherein the heating mechanism is used to introduce a heating medium into the heating plate.

[0022] In some embodiments of the present invention, a resistance wire is provided in the heating plate, and further comprises a heating component, wherein the heating component is used to heat the resistance wire.

[0023] In some embodiments of the present invention, the pushing mechanism includes a push rod and a driving assembly, and the driving assembly is used to drive the push rod to reciprocate in a horizontal direction.

[0024] In some embodiments of the present invention, the drive assembly is a hydraulic drive or an electric drive.

[0025] In some embodiments of the present invention, a material storage bin is provided at the bottom of the processing chamber.

[0026] In some embodiments of the present invention, a leachate collecting component is further included, and the leachate collecting component is used to collect residual leachate.

[0027] In some embodiments of the present invention, a back-spray mechanism is further included, and the back-spray mechanism is used to reintroduce the leachate collected by the leachate collection assembly into the treatment chamber.

[0028] In some embodiments of the present invention, a gas deodorization component is further included, which is connected to the exhaust port and is used to deodorize the exhausted gas.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0030] 1. The pre-processing device before garbage sorting of the present invention has a simple structure and is mainly used for pre-processing garbage before garbage sorting. A crushing mechanism is designed at the feed hopper, which can effectively disperse the wet garbage that has clumped into a mass, so that the dispersed garbage gradually falls onto the heating plate. The pushing mechanism enables the garbage to pass through the multi-layer heating plates from top to bottom in sequence. The multi-layer heating plates heat the dispersed garbage multiple times to dry it. Since the garbage is heated by the multi-layer heating plates, the drying effect is good, which is conducive to the subsequent garbage sorting equipment to quickly sort the garbage.

[0031] 2. The pre-processing device before garbage sorting of the present invention adopts a vertical structure for the processing chamber, which reduces the floor space. It is composed of glass wall panels that can absorb light and heat, and can make full use of solar energy to directly dry wet garbage, which can greatly reduce energy consumption and complete the drying process of wet garbage at the same time.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0032] FIG1 is a cross-sectional view of a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Legend: 1. Processing chamber; 2. Feed hopper; 3. Discharge port; 4. Crushing mechanism; 41. First crushing assembly; 42. Second crushing assembly; 5. Heating plate; 6. Pushing mechanism; 61. Push rod; 62. Drive assembly; 7. Cutter head structure; 8. Steam injection assembly; 9. Exhaust port; 10. Stacking silo; 11. Leachate collection assembly; 12. Back-spray mechanism; 13. Gas deodorization assembly. [Specific implementation method]

[0034] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific preferred embodiments, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereby.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0036] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0037] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0038] As shown in Figure 1, this embodiment provides a pre-processing device for garbage sorting, including a processing chamber 1, on which a feed hopper 2 and a discharge port 3 are provided. At least one group of crushing mechanisms 4 is provided at the bottom of the feed hopper 2. Multiple layers of heating plates 5 for heating materials are provided in the vertical direction in the processing chamber 1, and a pushing mechanism 6 is provided above each layer of heating plates 5. The pushing mechanism 6 reciprocates in the horizontal direction to push the material on the heating plate 5 so that it falls onto another heating plate 5 or the discharge port 3.

[0039] The pre-processing device before garbage sorting in this embodiment has a simple structure and is mainly used to pre-process garbage before garbage sorting. A crushing mechanism 4 is designed at the feed hopper 2. The crushing mechanism 4 can effectively disperse the wet garbage that has clumped into a mass, so that the dispersed garbage gradually falls onto the heating plate 5. The pushing mechanism 6 is used to enable the garbage to pass through the multi-layer heating plates 5 from top to bottom in sequence. The multi-layer heating plates 5 heat the dispersed garbage multiple times to dry it. Since the garbage is heated by the multi-layer heating plates 5, the drying effect is good, which is conducive to the subsequent garbage sorting equipment to quickly sort the garbage.

[0040] In this embodiment, the processing chamber 1 is a vertical structure, which can reduce the floor space. The processing chamber 1 is composed of a number of glass wall panels, which are glass wall panels that can absorb light and heat. It makes full use of solar energy to directly dry the wet garbage, and completes the drying process of the wet garbage together with the heating plate 5, greatly reducing energy consumption.

[0041] This embodiment also includes a heat exchange interlayer, which is sleeved outside the treatment chamber 1 and contains a heat exchange medium, such as thermal oil, solar water supply, hot air, steam, or other waste heat. In other embodiments, the drying method uses through-holes provided on the outer wall of the treatment chamber 1 for admitting air. These through-holes can be located on the side walls, floor, or pusher mechanism 6 of the treatment chamber 1. By introducing air into the treatment chamber 1, the waste undergoes an aerobic reaction, generating heat and drying.

[0042] In this embodiment, the crushing mechanism 4 includes at least a first crushing assembly 41 and a second crushing assembly 42 arranged opposite each other. Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, a cutter head structure 7 for dispersing the garbage is provided on the first crushing assembly 41 and / or the second crushing assembly 42. This cutter head structure 7 can disperse clumped garbage, thus avoiding the problem of poor drying effect caused by clumping.

[0043] In this embodiment, the first crushing assembly 41 and the second crushing assembly 42 rotate at different speeds and are of different sizes. The first crushing assembly 41 and the second crushing assembly 42 include rollers. By providing rollers of different sizes and at different speeds, the clumped garbage can be better dispersed and gradually dropped onto the heating plate 5.

[0044] In this embodiment, the heating plate 5 is hollow and further includes a steam injection assembly 8 for introducing hot steam into the heating plate 5. By introducing hot steam into the heating plate 5 through the steam injection assembly 8, the dispersed garbage is heated and dried. After being dispersed by the crushing mechanism 4, the garbage is spread out and flattened on the heating plate 5, achieving a good drying effect. It should be noted that in other embodiments, the steam injection assembly 8 can also be a heating mechanism, through which a heating medium is introduced into the heating plate 5; or a resistance wire is provided in the heating plate 5, and the garbage is dried by heating the resistance wire through the heating assembly; or the heating plate 5 is hollow and further includes a compressed air pump for introducing hot air into the heating plate 5, and a plurality of air supply nozzles are provided on the heating plate 5, through which the introduced hot air is ejected to dry the garbage.

[0045] In this embodiment, the pushing mechanism 6 includes a push rod 61 and a drive assembly 62. The drive assembly 62 is used to drive the push rod 61 to reciprocate horizontally. The drive assembly 62 drives the push rod 61 to move back and forth, so that the garbage passes through multiple heating plates 5 from top to bottom, achieving multiple heating and drying, which can effectively improve the drying effect.

[0046] In this embodiment, the drive assembly 62 is a hydraulic drive. In other embodiments, the drive assembly 62 may also be an electric drive.

[0047] In this embodiment, a storage bin 10 is provided at the bottom of the processing chamber 1. Wet garbage passes through multiple heating plates 5 from top to bottom, which heat the dispersed garbage multiple times to dry it. The dried garbage then falls into the storage bin 10 through the discharge port 3. After a period of time, the garbage in the storage bin 10 is sent to the garbage sorting equipment for sorting. Since the wet garbage has been dried, it is easier for the subsequent garbage sorting equipment to quickly sort the garbage.

[0048] In this embodiment, a leachate collecting component 11 is further included. The leachate collecting component 11 is connected to the material storage bin 10 and is used to collect leachate remaining in the garbage.

[0049] In this embodiment, a back-spray mechanism 12 is also included. One end of the back-spray mechanism 12 is connected to the leachate collecting component 11, and the other end of the back-spray mechanism 12 is connected to the top of the treatment chamber 1. The back-spray mechanism 12 is used to reintroduce the leachate collected by the leachate collecting component 11 into the treatment chamber 1, and spray it back to the treatment chamber 1 from the top of the treatment chamber 1 to heat the leachate again to evaporate it.

[0050] In this embodiment, a gas deodorization component 13 is also included. The gas deodorization component 13 is connected to the exhaust port 9. Since the wet garbage is continuously heated to form steam during the heating and drying process, the steam is deodorized by the gas deodorization component 13 and then discharged into the atmosphere, which greatly reduces the impact on the environment.

[0051] The working principle is as follows: garbage enters the processing chamber 1 from the feed hopper 2; the crushing mechanism 4 is turned on, and the relatively arranged first crushing component 41 and second crushing component 42 break up the clumped garbage and make it disperse and fall onto the heating plate 5, and hot steam is introduced into the heating plate 5 through the steam injection component 8 to heat the garbage. When the garbage is heated for a period of time, the driving component 62 drives the push rod 61 to move, pushing the garbage to the edge of the heating plate 5 so that it falls onto another heating plate 5. When the scattered garbage passes through the multiple layers of heating plates 5 from top to bottom and is heated, it is output from the discharge port 3 into the stacking bin 10. After a period of time, the accumulated dried garbage is sent to the garbage sorting equipment. If there is still a small amount of liquid left in the garbage, it is collected by the leachate collection component 11 connected to the stacking bin 10, and the remaining leachate is re-introduced into the processing chamber 1 for heating and drying through the back-spray mechanism 12; the wet garbage that is clumped into a mass is heated and dried multiple times, which is conducive to the rapid sorting of the garbage sorting equipment, greatly improving the sorting efficiency of the garbage sorting equipment.

[0052] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions based on the principles of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, various improvements and modifications that do not depart from the principles of the present invention should be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pre-treatment device before garbage sorting, characterized in that: The invention comprises a processing chamber (1), wherein the processing chamber (1) is provided with a feed hopper (2), a discharge port (3) and an exhaust port (9), wherein at least one group of crushing mechanisms (4) is provided at the bottom of the feed hopper (2), wherein multiple layers of heating plates (5) for heating materials are provided in the processing chamber (1) in a vertical direction, wherein a pushing mechanism (6) is provided above each layer of the heating plates (5), wherein the pushing mechanism (6) reciprocates in a horizontal direction to push the materials on the heating plates (5) so that the materials fall onto another heating plate (5) or the discharge port (3).

2. The pre-processing device before garbage sorting according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The processing chamber (1) is a vertical structure.

3. The pre-processing device before garbage sorting according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The treatment chamber (1) is composed of a number of glass wall panels.

4. The pre-processing device before garbage sorting according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also comprises a heat exchange interlayer, which is sleeved on the outside of the processing chamber (1).

5. The pre-processing device before garbage sorting according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A heat exchange medium is arranged in the heat exchange interlayer, and the heat exchange medium is any one or more of heat transfer oil, water, hot air and steam.

6. The pre-processing device before garbage sorting according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The outer wall of the processing chamber (1) is provided with a through hole for letting in air.

7. The pre-processing device before garbage sorting according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The crushing mechanism (4) comprises at least a first crushing assembly (41) and a second crushing assembly (42) which are arranged opposite to each other.

8. The pre-processing device before garbage sorting according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The first crushing assembly (41) and / or the second crushing assembly (42) is provided with a cutter head structure (7) for dispersing garbage.

9. The pre-processing device before garbage sorting according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first crushing assembly (41) and the second crushing assembly (42) have different rotation speeds.

10. The pre-processing device before garbage sorting according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first crushing assembly (41) and the second crushing assembly (42) are of different sizes.

11. The pre-processing device before garbage sorting according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The heating plate (5) is hollow and further comprises a steam injection assembly (8) for injecting hot steam into the heating plate (5).

12. The pre-processing device before garbage sorting according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The heating plate (5) is hollow and further comprises a compressed air pump for supplying hot air to the heating plate (5).

13. The pre-processing device before garbage sorting according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The heating plate (5) is hollow and further comprises a heating mechanism, wherein the heating mechanism is used to pass a heating medium into the heating plate (5).

14. The pre-processing device before garbage sorting according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The heating plate (5) is provided with a resistance wire inside and also comprises a heating component, wherein the heating component is used for heating the resistance wire.

15. The pre-processing device before garbage sorting according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The pushing mechanism (6) comprises a pushing rod (61) and a driving assembly (62), wherein the driving assembly (62) is used to drive the pushing rod (61) to perform reciprocating motion in a horizontal direction.

16. The pre-processing device before garbage sorting according to claim 15, characterized in that: The drive assembly (62) is a hydraulic drive or an electric drive.

17. The pre-processing device before garbage sorting according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: A material storage bin (10) is provided at the bottom of the processing chamber (1).

18. The pre-processing device before garbage sorting according to claim 17, characterized in that: It also comprises a leachate collecting component (11), wherein the leachate collecting component (11) is in communication with the material storage bin (10), and the leachate collecting component (11) is used to collect residual leachate.

19. The pre-processing device before garbage sorting according to claim 18, characterized in that: It also comprises a back-spraying mechanism (12), wherein the back-spraying mechanism (12) is used to reintroduce the leachate collected by the leachate collecting assembly (11) into the treatment chamber (1).

20. The pre-processing device before garbage sorting according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: It also comprises a gas deodorization component (13), which is in communication with the exhaust port (9) and is used for deodorizing the exhausted gas.

Images