Biomass gasifier

Abstract

Disclosed in the present invention is a biomass gasifier, which comprises a gasifier body (1), wherein the gasifier body (1) is provided with a feeding mechanism (2) and a gas outlet (3), and a lower portion of the gasifier body (1) is provided with horizontal material-pushing assemblies (4), which are arranged opposite each other; a first air passage pipe (41) in communication with the outside is provided inside each horizontal material-pushing assembly (4); the horizontal material-pushing assemblies (4) are used for pushing biomass fuel and providing combustion-supporting air; the bottom of the gasifier body (1) is further provided with a pushing loosening assembly (5); and the pushing loosening assembly (5) moves up and down in the vertical direction, so as to loosen the biomass fuel. The present invention has the advantages of a simple structure, high combustion efficiency, energy conservation and environmental protection, etc.

Description

A biomass gasifier

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application is based on and claims priority to a Chinese patent application with an application date of "July 24, 2023", application number "202321966028.1", and invention name "A Biomass Gasification Furnace". The full text of the Chinese patent application is hereby cited in this application as a part of this application.

Technical field

[0003] The present invention mainly relates to the field of biomass combustion equipment, in particular to a biomass gasifier. [Background Technology]

[0004] Biomass gasification furnaces are also called straw gasification furnaces, biomass gasifiers, or gasifiers. This equipment utilizes biomass in a closed, oxygen-deficient environment, using pyrolysis and thermochemical oxidation to produce a combustible gas. This gas is a mixed fuel gas containing carbon monoxide, hydrogen, methane, and other gases, also known as biomass gas. Biomass gasification is one of the new technologies for biomass incineration. Compared to traditional incineration technologies, biomass gasification produces combustible gas in an oxygen-free or oxygen-deficient environment, which more effectively reduces dioxin production compared to traditional incinerators. Furthermore, the flue gas produced by biomass gasification produces less dust and is easier to handle than traditional incinerators.

[0005] At present, when the existing biomass combustion furnace is burning, the fuel at the bottom of the combustion chamber is easily accumulated into clumps, and the fuel inside the clumps is prone to incomplete combustion, and the fuel combustion efficiency is not high enough. Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a biomass gasification furnace with sufficient combustion, high heat release, energy saving and environmental protection.

[0006] [Summary of the invention]

[0007] In view of the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a biomass gasifier with simple structure, high combustion efficiency, energy saving and environmental protection.

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] A biomass gasification furnace includes a furnace body, which is provided with a feeding mechanism and an air outlet. The side walls of the furnace body are provided with relatively arranged horizontal pushing assemblies. A first ventilation pipe connected to the outside is provided inside the horizontal pushing assembly. The horizontal pushing assembly is used to push biomass fuel and provide combustion-supporting air. The bottom of the furnace body is also provided with a top loosening assembly, which moves up and down in the vertical direction to loosen the biomass fuel.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present invention, a slag pushing assembly is further included, which reciprocates in a horizontal direction to discharge the burned slag.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, a rotatable sleeve assembly is provided in the furnace body, and a stirring blade is provided on the sleeve assembly.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, there are multiple stirring blades, and the multiple stirring blades have different heights.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of air supply holes are provided on the side wall of the furnace body.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present invention, a second ventilation pipe communicating with the outside is provided in the loosening assembly.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present invention, the top loose component is located in the middle of the bottom of the furnace body or close to the side wall of the furnace body.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present invention, a conical tip is provided at the top of the loosening assembly.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present invention, the feeding mechanism is a screw feeder.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present invention, an outer wall of the furnace body is provided with a heat-insulating layer.

[0019] In some embodiments of the present invention, an air guide pipe and a boiler mechanism are further included, one end of the air guide pipe is connected to the air outlet, and the other end of the air guide pipe is connected to the furnace body through the boiler mechanism.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0021] 1. The biomass gasification furnace of the present invention is provided with relatively arranged horizontal pushing assemblies at the lower part of the furnace body, and a first ventilation pipe connected to the outside is provided inside the horizontal pushing assembly, and a top loosening assembly is provided at the bottom. When the biomass fuel is accumulated into a mass in the furnace body, the top loosening assembly moves upward in the vertical direction to push the fuel to the middle of the two horizontal pushing assemblies, and the accumulated fuel is loosened. The two horizontal pushing assemblies approach each other to push the fuel. At the same time, the outside air enters the furnace body through the first ventilation pipe and directly contacts the fuel, which can make the fuel burn more fully and avoid incomplete combustion of the bottom fuel resulting in too low combustion efficiency.

[0022] 2. The biomass gasification furnace of the present invention is provided with a rotatable sleeve assembly in the furnace body, and a stirring blade is provided on the sleeve assembly. A loosening assembly is also provided in the furnace body. When the biomass fuel is accumulated in the furnace body, the loosening assembly moves upward in the vertical direction to lift the fuel, and the accumulated fuel is loosened inside. The two horizontal pushing assemblies approach each other to push the fuel, and the outside air enters the furnace body through the first ventilation pipe and directly contacts the fuel. At the same time, the sleeve assembly rotates, and the stirring blades stir the loosened fuel, so that the fuel is fully in contact with the air, which promotes more complete combustion of the fuel and avoids incomplete combustion of the fuel resulting in too low combustion efficiency.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0023] FIG1 is a cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] FIG2 is a cross-sectional view of a second specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] FIG3 is a perspective view of the sleeve assembly in the second specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Legend:

[0027] 1. Furnace body; 2. Feed mechanism; 3. Air outlet; 4. Horizontal push assembly; 41. First vent pipe; 5. Top loosening assembly; 51. Second vent pipe; 52. Cone tip; 6. Air supply hole; 7. Air guide pipe; 8. Slag push assembly; 9. Boiler mechanism; 10. Insulation layer; 11. Sleeve assembly; 12. Stirring blade. [Specific implementation method]

[0028] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific preferred embodiments, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereby.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0030] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0031] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] As shown in Figure 1, this embodiment provides a biomass gasification furnace, including a furnace body 1, on which a feeding mechanism 2 and an air outlet 3 are provided. The side walls of the furnace body 1 are provided with relatively arranged horizontal pushing assemblies 4, and the horizontal pushing assemblies 4 are provided with a first ventilation pipe 41 connected to the outside world. When the two horizontal pushing assemblies 4 are close to each other, they are used to push the biomass fuel and provide combustion-supporting air. The bottom of the furnace body 1 is also provided with a top loosening assembly 5, which moves up and down in the vertical direction to loosen the biomass fuel.

[0034] The biomass gasification furnace in this embodiment is provided with relatively arranged horizontal pushing assemblies 4 at the lower part of the furnace body 1, and a first ventilation pipe 41 connected to the outside is provided inside the horizontal pushing assembly 4, and a top loosening assembly 5 is provided at the bottom. When the biomass fuel is accumulated in the furnace body 1, the top loosening assembly 5 moves upward in the vertical direction to push the fuel to the middle of the two horizontal pushing assemblies 4, and the accumulated fuel is loosened. The two horizontal pushing assemblies 4 move closer to each other to push the fuel. At the same time, the outside air enters the furnace body 1 through the first ventilation pipe 41 and directly contacts the fuel, which can make the fuel burn more fully and avoid incomplete combustion of the bottom fuel resulting in too low combustion efficiency.

[0035] This embodiment further includes a slag pushing assembly 8, which reciprocates horizontally to push the burned slag out of the furnace body 1. The slag pushing assembly 8 is provided at the lower portion of the furnace body 1. The slag pushing assembly 8 reciprocates horizontally to discharge the burned slag from the furnace body 1, enabling automatic slag cleaning without manual cleaning, significantly reducing labor intensity.

[0036] In this embodiment, a plurality of air supply holes 6 are provided on the side wall of the furnace body 1, and the air supply holes 6 are arranged above the slag pushing assembly 8. In other embodiments, the air supply holes 6 can also be arranged below the horizontal pushing assembly 4, or air supply holes 6 can be provided above and below the horizontal pushing assembly 4. By providing the air supply holes 6 at the lower part of the furnace body 1, when the loosening assembly 5 lifts the agglomerated fuel, the air supply holes 6 on the furnace body 1 can introduce air into the furnace body 1, ensuring that the loosened biomass fuel in the furnace body 1 can be in good contact with the air to achieve full combustion.

[0037] In this embodiment, a second ventilation pipe 51 communicating with the outside is provided in the loosening assembly 5. When the loosening assembly 5 moves upward in the vertical direction, air can be introduced into the interior of the fuel agglomerates through the second ventilation pipe 51, which can not only loosen the fuel agglomerates but also promote more complete fuel burning.

[0038] In this embodiment, the loose lift assembly 5 is located in the middle of the bottom of the furnace body 1 . In other embodiments, the loose lift assembly 5 may also be adjacent to a side wall of the furnace body 1 .

[0039] In this embodiment, the top of the loosening assembly 5 is provided with a cone tip 52. The cone tip 52 can loosen the large pieces of biomass fuel and decompose them into small pieces of biomass fuel by moving up and down, which is conducive to the full combustion of the biomass fuel.

[0040] In this embodiment, the feeding mechanism 2 is a screw feeder, which can automatically feed the biomass fuel without manual operation, thus effectively reducing labor intensity.

[0041] In this embodiment, the outer wall of the furnace body 1 is provided with a heat-insulating layer 10 , which can reduce heat loss.

[0042] The working principle is as follows: biomass fuel enters the furnace body 1 through the feeding mechanism 2, and heat energy is generated by burning the biomass fuel. As the amount of biomass fuel entering increases, the fuel tends to accumulate into clumps at the bottom of the furnace body 1. When the fuel accumulates into clumps, incomplete combustion is likely to occur. At this time, the loosening component 5 moves upward to drive the biomass fuel to move upward, loosening the accumulated fuel. When the loosening component 5 moves to the preset highest position, the biomass fuel is located between the two relatively arranged air supply holes 6. The outside air enters the furnace body 1 through the air supply hole 6 and the second ventilation pipe 51 and contacts the loosened biomass fuel. Material fuel promotes the combustion of biomass fuel. The biomass fuel arrives between the two relatively arranged horizontal pushing assemblies 4 along with the top loosening assembly 5. The two horizontal pushing assemblies 4 approach each other, further pushing the loosened material. The outside air enters the furnace body 1 through the first ventilation pipe 41 on the horizontal pushing assembly 4 and contacts the biomass fuel, making it burn more fully. After the biomass fuel is burned, the top loosening assembly 5 drops to its original position, and the burned slag falls to the bottom of the furnace body 1. The slag pushing assembly 8 reciprocates in the horizontal direction to push the burned slag out of the furnace body 1 and transport it away by a conveying vehicle.

[0043] The biomass gasification furnace in this embodiment is divided into two combustion chambers, including an upper combustion chamber and a lower combustion chamber. The garbage is mainly burned in the lower combustion chamber, and the gas generated after combustion gasifies the garbage above. The biomass gasification furnace is also provided with an air guide pipe 7 and a boiler mechanism 9. One end of the air guide pipe 7 is connected to the air outlet 3 of the upper combustion chamber, and the other end of the air guide pipe 7 is connected to the furnace body 1 through the boiler mechanism 9; since the flue gas generated by the combustion of biomass fuel still has a large amount of heat, the high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion of biomass fuel is introduced into the boiler mechanism 9 through the air guide pipe 7 for use (such as to generate electricity for the steam turbine) and then introduced into the furnace body 1, which is conducive to promoting further full combustion of the biomass fuel and realizing the recovery and utilization of heat energy, with good energy-saving effect.

[0044] The biomass gasification furnace in this embodiment introduces air multiple times through the top loosening component 5, the air supply hole 6 and the horizontal pushing component 4, so that the biomass fuel accumulated in a mass is loosened and air is introduced multiple times to assist combustion, thereby solving the problem of insufficient and incomplete combustion inside the agglomerated fuel, greatly improving the combustion efficiency of the biomass fuel, and realizing automatic cleaning of the slag after biomass combustion.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] As shown in Figures 2 to 3, this embodiment is basically the same as Example 1, except that, in this embodiment, a rotatable sleeve assembly 11 is further provided in the furnace body 1, and a stirring blade 12 is provided on the sleeve assembly 11. When the biomass fuel is accumulated in the furnace body 1, the top loosening assembly 5 moves upward in the vertical direction to lift the fuel, and the accumulated fuel is loosened. The outside air enters the furnace body 1 through the second ventilation pipe 51 and directly contacts the fuel. The biomass fuel arrives between the two relatively arranged horizontal pushing assemblies 4 together with the top loosening assembly 5. The two horizontal pushing assemblies 4 approach each other, further pushing the loosened material, and the outside air enters the furnace body 1 through the first ventilation pipe 41 on the horizontal pushing assembly 4 and contacts the biomass fuel, making it burn more fully. At the same time, the sleeve assembly 11 rotates, and the stirring blade 12 stirs the loosened fuel, so that the fuel is fully in contact with the air, avoiding incomplete combustion of the bottom fuel and resulting in too low combustion efficiency.

[0047] In this embodiment, there are multiple stirring blades 12, and the multiple stirring blades 12 have different heights. The stirring blades 12 of different heights are used to stir different layers of fuel, so that the fuel and air are in more complete contact.

[0048] The working principle is as follows: biomass fuel enters the furnace body 1 through the feeding mechanism 2, and heat energy is generated by burning the biomass fuel. As the amount of biomass fuel entering increases, the fuel tends to accumulate into clumps at the bottom of the furnace body 1. When the fuel accumulates into clumps, incomplete combustion is likely to occur. At this time, the loosening component 5 moves upward to drive the biomass fuel to move upward, loosening the accumulated fuel. When the loosening component 5 moves to the preset position, the biomass fuel is located between the two relatively arranged air supply holes 6. The outside air enters the furnace body 1 through the air supply hole 6 and the second ventilation pipe 51 and contacts the loosened biomass fuel. The biomass fuel is burned, and the biomass fuel moves with the top loosening component 5 to between the two relatively arranged horizontal pushing components 4. The two horizontal pushing components 4 are close to each other, further pushing the loosened material. The outside air enters the furnace body 1 through the first ventilation pipe 41 on the horizontal pushing component 4 and contacts the biomass fuel, making it burn more fully. At the same time, the sleeve component 11 rotates, and the stirring blades 12 on the sleeve component 11 stir the top loosened fuel, so that the fuel is fully in contact with the air, promoting more complete combustion of the fuel, and avoiding incomplete combustion of the fuel resulting in too low combustion efficiency. After the biomass fuel is burned, the top loosening component 5 drops to its original position, and the burned slag falls to the bottom of the furnace body 1. The slag pushing component 8 reciprocates in the horizontal direction to push the burned slag out of the furnace body 1 and transport it away by a conveying vehicle.

[0049] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions based on the principles of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, various improvements and modifications that do not depart from the principles of the present invention should be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biomass gasifier, characterized in that: The invention comprises a furnace body (1), wherein a feeding mechanism (2) and an air outlet (3) are provided on the furnace body (1), and a side wall of the furnace body (1) is provided with a relatively arranged horizontal pushing assembly (4), wherein a first ventilation pipe (41) communicating with the outside is provided inside the horizontal pushing assembly (4), and the horizontal pushing assembly (4) is used to push the biomass fuel and provide air to assist combustion, and a top loosening assembly (5) is also provided at the bottom of the furnace body (1), and the top loosening assembly (5) moves up and down in a vertical direction to loosen the biomass fuel.

2. The biomass gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a slag pushing assembly (8), which reciprocates in a horizontal direction to discharge the burned slag.

3. The biomass gasifier according to claim 2, characterized in that: A rotatable sleeve assembly (11) is provided in the furnace body (1), and a stirring blade (12) is provided on the sleeve assembly (11).

4. The biomass gasifier according to claim 3, characterized in that: There are a plurality of stirring blades (12), and the plurality of stirring blades (12) have different heights.

5. The biomass gasifier according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The side wall of the furnace body (1) is provided with a plurality of air supply holes (6).

6. The biomass gasifier according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: A second ventilation pipe (51) communicating with the outside is provided in the loosening assembly (5).

7. The biomass gasifier according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The top loose component (5) is located in the middle of the bottom of the furnace body (1) or close to the side wall of the furnace body (1).

8. The biomass gasifier according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The top end of the loosening assembly (5) is provided with a cone tip (52).

9. The biomass gasifier according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The feeding mechanism (2) is a screw feeder.

10. The biomass gasifier according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The outer wall of the furnace body (1) is provided with a heat-insulating layer (10).

11. The biomass gasifier according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: It also comprises an air guide pipe (7) and a boiler mechanism (9), one end of the air guide pipe (7) being in communication with the air outlet (3), and the other end of the air guide pipe (7) being in communication with the furnace body (1) via the boiler mechanism (9).

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