Occupant protection device for a vehicle, and vehicle

Abstract

Occupant protection device (1) for a vehicle (6) with at least one airbag module (4) which has at least one airbag (5) and is integrated in a backrest (2) of a vehicle seat (3), wherein the at least one airbag is designed to deploy from a rear side (16) of the backrest in order to adopt its effective position and, in the effective position, to cover a partial region of the rear side of the backrest. According to the invention, - the vehicle seat is designed as a seat with an integral belt, wherein on the rear side of the backrest a storage compartment (17) is arranged or formed and - the airbag module is integrated in the backrest such that the at least one airbag deploys in the direction of the vehicle roof from an airbag exit opening (15) formed above the storage compartment on the rear side along a vehicle vertical axis (z) and the at least one airbag, in its effective position, covers at least an upper backrest region (10) of the rear side. The invention further relates to a vehicle seat having such an occupant protection device and to a vehicle having such a vehicle seat.

Description

[0001] Occupant protection device for a vehicle and vehicle

[0002] The invention relates to a vehicle occupant protection device with an airbag module having at least one airbag, which is integrated into a seat back of a vehicle seat. The at least one airbag is designed to deploy from a rear side of the seat back to assume its operative position and to cover a portion of the rear side of the seat back in the operative position. Furthermore, the invention relates to a vehicle seat with such an occupant protection device and a vehicle with such a vehicle seat.

[0003] DE 102016 008 386 A1 discloses an occupant protection device for a vehicle with an airbag device arranged on the backrest of a vehicle seat and assigned to a vehicle occupant in the rear area of ​​the vehicle. The airbag device comprises a gas generator and a rear airbag that can be filled with gas when the airbag device is deployed. The rear airbag is integrated into the backrest when not deployed. When deployed, the rear airbag is tubular and arranged along an upper backrest edge extending in the transverse direction of the vehicle.

[0004] Furthermore, DE 100 47 808 B4 describes a safety device on a seat back of a vehicle seat. The safety device comprises an airbag module integrated into the seat back, which has an airbag and a gas generator. The airbag is designed as a surface airbag that inflates as a mattress-like protective wall in front of the back of the seat back and, when activated, covers at least the entire back of the seat back over a large area. When activated, the surface airbag covers the entire back of the seat back over a large area and, viewed in the vertical axis direction, additionally extends upwards from a lower edge region of the back of the seat back to beyond an upper edge region of the back of the seat back, thereby covering the head region and / or the area behind a headrest arranged on the seat back.

[0005] The invention is based on the object of specifying a novel occupant protection device for a vehicle, a vehicle seat with such an occupant protection device and a vehicle with such a vehicle seat.

[0006] The object is achieved according to the invention by an occupant protection device which has the features specified in claim 1, by a vehicle seat which has the features specified in claim 8, and by a vehicle which has the features specified in claim 9.

[0007] Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the subclaims.

[0008] An occupant protection device for a vehicle comprises an airbag module having at least one airbag, which is integrated into a seat back of a vehicle seat, wherein the at least one airbag is designed to deploy from a rear side of the seat back to assume its operative position and to cover a partial area of ​​the rear side of the seat back in the operative position. According to the invention, it is provided that

[0009] - the vehicle seat is designed as a belt-integrated seat, with a storage compartment arranged or formed on the rear of the seat backrest and

[0010] - the airbag module is integrated into the seat backrest in such a way that the at least one airbag deploys from an airbag outlet opening formed above the storage compartment on the rear side along a vehicle vertical axis in the direction of the vehicle roof and the at least one airbag, in its active position, covers at least an upper seat backrest area of ​​the rear side.

[0011] By means of at least one airbag covering the upper seat backrest area, the risk of injury to a rear seat occupant sitting behind the vehicle seat in the direction of the vehicle's longitudinal axis is significantly reduced in the event of a vehicle collision, in particular a frontal collision or a side-on collision, since contact between the occupant and the upper seat backrest area, which is comparatively hard, can be avoided by the airbag being positioned in its operative position. The dimensions of the airbag module are selected to be comparatively compact, making it possible to integrate the airbag module into the vehicle seat designed as an integral seat belt seat.

[0012] Due to a shape of the at least one airbag and the direction of deployment towards the vehicle roof, the at least one airbag essentially poses no risk of injury when deployed, in particular for children in a forward-facing or rear-facing child seat. Contact of the at least one airbag with other objects can also be largely avoided, even if the respective child seat and / or the respective object is or is comparatively close to the vehicle seat and / or is or has a so-called out-of-position.

[0013] In one embodiment of the occupant protection device, a screen is mounted on the rear of the vehicle seat backrest, and an area from which the at least one airbag deploys from the rear of the seat backrest is delimited by a lower edge of the screen and an upper edge of the storage compartment. This means that the airbag exit opening is located in this area between the lower edge of the screen and the upper edge of the storage compartment. Because the at least one airbag exits from the rear of the seat backrest within this area when deployed, it can be largely prevented that objects located in the storage compartment fly around and thus pose an additional injury potential for vehicle occupants. For example, an access opening in the storage compartment is covered, i.e. closed, by the at least one airbag both during its deployment and in its active position.

[0014] In one embodiment, the at least one airbag positioned in its operative position completely covers at least the screen mounted on the rear of the vehicle seat backrest, so that the rear seat occupant, in the event of a collision-related forward displacement, impacts the at least one airbag, which absorbs the occupant's acceleration energy. The at least one airbag thus extends between the occupant and the screen, so that it can be largely ruled out that the occupant will impact the screen due to their forward displacement. In a further embodiment, at least one cover for the airbag outlet opening is arranged or formed in the seat backrest to specify a deployment direction of the at least one airbag.

[0015] In one possible embodiment, at least one shaping structural element for specifying an airbag geometry is arranged or formed within the at least one airbag. A shape of the at least one airbag is specified by means of the at least one shaping structural element, wherein this at least one shaping structural element represents a control and design measure for shaping the at least one airbag.

[0016] In this case, the at least one shaping structure element is designed as a retaining strap, dart and / or tube in order to specify the shape, i.e. the airbag geometry, of the at least one airbag.

[0017] In a further embodiment, the at least one airbag is designed as a flat airbag with an almost cuboid shape and has a comparatively small depth, wherein a low gas generator power is required to apply a gas to the at least one airbag and relatively low interaction forces occur when the at least one airbag is triggered in the direction of the vehicle's longitudinal axis, in particular with respect to an occupant, a child seat and / or another object on the rear seat.

[0018] Furthermore, the invention relates to a vehicle seat with an occupant protection device, wherein the vehicle seat is designed as a belt-integrated seat and a storage compartment is arranged or formed on the rear side of the seat backrest and

[0019] - the airbag module is integrated into the seat backrest in such a way that the at least one airbag deploys from an airbag outlet opening formed above the storage compartment on the rear side along a vehicle vertical axis in the direction of the vehicle roof and the at least one airbag, in its active position, covers at least an upper seat backrest area of ​​the rear side.

[0020] By means of the at least one airbag positioned in the active position, contact between the occupant in a rear seat behind the vehicle seat and an upper seat backrest area of ​​the rear of the vehicle seat, wherein the upper seat backrest area is designed to be comparatively hard, can be largely avoided. Furthermore, the invention relates to a vehicle with such a vehicle seat.

[0021] Embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to drawings.

[0022] Showing:

[0023] Fig. 1 schematically shows a partially transparent rear view of a seat back of a belt-integrated seat with integrated airbag module,

[0024] Fig. 2 schematically shows a partially transparent side view of the seat back with integrated airbag module,

[0025] Fig. 3 schematically shows a partially transparent rear view of the seat back with an airbag in its active position,

[0026] Fig. 4 schematically shows a partially transparent side view of the seat back with the airbag in its active position and

[0027] Fig. 5 shows a schematic side view of a section of a vehicle with a vehicle seat designed as a belt integral seat, the deployed airbag and an occupant on a rear seat displaced forward due to the collision.

[0028] Corresponding parts are provided with the same reference numerals in all figures.

[0029] Figure 1 shows an occupant protection device 1 in a partially transparent rear view of a seat back 2 of a vehicle seat 3 designed as a belt integral seat, wherein an airbag module 4 is integrated into the seat back 2.

[0030] Figure 2 shows the occupant protection device 1 in a partially transparent side view of the seat back 2 of the vehicle seat 3, designed as an integral seat belt seat, with the integrated airbag module 4. Figure 3 shows the occupant protection device 1 in a partially transparent rear view of the seat back 2 with an airbag 5 in an active position, and Figure 4 shows a partially transparent side view of the seat back 2 with the airbag 5 in its active position.

[0031] Figure 5 shows a section of a vehicle 6 with a vehicle seat 3 designed as an integral belt seat, the deployed airbag 5 and an occupant 7 on a rear seat 8 who has been displaced forward due to the collision.

[0032] Such a vehicle seat 3 designed as an integral belt seat is designed to be significantly stiffer in terms of its seat structure for absorbing belt forces, particularly in the event of a collision of the vehicle 6, than a vehicle seat 3 without an integrated safety belt 9. In particular, the safety belt 9 is integrated into the seat back 2 of the vehicle seat 3 designed as an integral belt seat and is guided out of the seat back 2 in a left-hand section of an upper side of the seat back 2 via a belt deflection 9.1. Furthermore, a belt retractor 9.2 is integrated into the integral belt seat 2. A driver of the vehicle 6 can thus grasp the safety belt 9 and insert a belt buckle tongue (not shown in detail) arranged displaceably on the safety belt 9 into a belt buckle (not shown in detail) assigned to the vehicle seat 3.

[0033] In an upper seat back area 10, comparatively rigid contours are provided for guiding the safety belt 9 out of the seat back 2. These rigid contours can be rigid attachments, such as a belt deflector 9.1. In addition, additional adjustment structures and elements (not shown in detail) for a headrest 11 and for mounting a screen 13 are integrated or arranged in or on the seat back 2.

[0034] In the event of a frontal collision and a partial side frontal collision, i.e., in the event of an oblique impact, there is a comparatively high risk of injury due to a collision-related forward displacement of the occupant 7 on the rear seat 8, which is located behind the vehicle seat 3, if the occupant 7 impacts the upper seat backrest area 10 and / or the screen 13. In order to significantly reduce such a risk of injury for the occupant 7 on the rear seat 8, the occupant protection device 1 described below is provided. The occupant protection device 1 is integrated into the vehicle seat 3 and assigned to the occupant 7, who is located on the rear seat 8 located behind the vehicle seat 3. The occupant protection device 1 has the airbag module 4, which comprises the airbag 5 and a gas generator 14 for supplying the airbag 5 with a gas.The airbag module 4 is integrated into the seat back 2. Because the gas generator 14 is arranged in the immediate vicinity of the airbag 5, a comparatively small installation space is required within the seat back 2 for arranging the airbag module 4. An airbag outlet opening 15 is arranged in a region of the rear side 16 of the seat back 2, which is delimited between an upper edge O of a storage compartment 17 arranged on the rear side 16, which is shown in more detail in Figures 2 to 5, and a lower edge U of the screen 13 when the latter is in a lowermost position. In one embodiment, the screen 13 is held displaceably and / or rotatably in the direction of the vehicle's vertical axis z via the attachment 12 on the seat back 2, wherein the lower edge U of the screen 13, in the possible lowermost position, forms a boundary of the region in which the airbag outlet opening 15 is arranged.

[0035] According to Figures 1 to 4, the screen 13 is shown both in the lower horizontal position 13.1 and in the upper vertical position 13.2, whereby the lower edge in both settings can have the same lowest position of the lower edge U. In Figure 5, the screen 13 is shown in its vertical position 13.2.

[0036] The airbag 5 deploys from the airbag outlet opening 15 to assume its active position. In the active position, the airbag 5 completely covers the upper seat backrest area 10 with the belt exit from, for example, the belt deflection 9.1, and thus also the screen 13 in the transverse position 13.1 and the vertical position 13.2. In particular, the airbag 5 extends at least to an upper edge of the headrest 11 in its active position. By means of the airbag 5, contact between the occupant 7 and the upper seat backrest area 10 and / or the screen 13 can be largely prevented, at least in the event of a frontal collision of the vehicle 6, whereby the risk of injury, in particular to the head of the occupant 7, can be significantly reduced.

[0037] When pressurized with gas, the airbag 5 is mattress-shaped, i.e., almost cuboid-shaped, with the airbag 5 unfolding as a flat airbag from the rear side 16 of the seat back 2 along a vehicle vertical axis z in the direction of the vehicle roof (not shown in detail) and along a vehicle transverse axis y. The airbag 5 has a comparatively small depth, i.e., a comparatively small extent in the direction of a vehicle longitudinal axis x, so that a gas volume is relatively small and therefore less power is required from the gas generator 14 to fully pressurize the airbag 5. In particular, one or more shaping structural elements (not shown in detail) are arranged within the airbag 5, by means of which or by means of which a shape of the airbag 5 in its operative position is predetermined.For example, a respective shaping structural element is designed as a retaining strap, dart, and / or tube. By means of the shaping structural element(s), an airbag geometry of the airbag 5 adapts to a contour of the upper seat backrest area 10 with or without a screen 13.

[0038] A deployment direction of the airbag 4 is predetermined, for example, by means of a cover 18 closing the airbag outlet opening 15, suitable guide elements (not shown in detail), and / or at least one airbag ramp (not shown in detail) in the seat back 2. For example, such an airbag ramp is arranged or formed on the fastening element 12 of the screen 13.

[0039] The cover 18 opens when the airbag 5 presses against the cover 18 in the form of an airbag flap due to its impact. For example, the cover 18 pivots open, with a limited pivoting range, so that the cover 18 itself forms an airbag ramp. When the cover 18 pivots open, it closes an access opening 19 of the storage compartment 17, thus largely preventing objects stored therein from flying out.

[0040] By means of the airbag 5 positioned in its active position, injury protection for an occupant 7 in a rear seat 8 arranged behind the vehicle seat 3 designed as an integral seat belt, which may also be designed as an integral seat belt, can be increased, at least in the event of a frontal collision or a side frontal collision of the vehicle 6. List of reference symbols

[0041] 1 occupant protection device

[0042] 2 seat backrest

[0043] 3 vehicle seat

[0044] 4 Airbag module

[0045] 5 airbags

[0046] 6 vehicles

[0047] 7 inmates

[0048] 8 rear seats

[0049] 9 Seat belt

[0050] 9.1 Belt deflection

[0051] 9.2 Belt retractor

[0052] 10 upper seat back area

[0053] 11 Headrest

[0054] 12 Fastening element

[0055] 13 Screen

[0056] 13.1 Transverse position

[0057] 13.2 High position

[0058] 14 Gas generator

[0059] 15 Airbag exit opening

[0060] 16 Back

[0061] 17 Storage compartment

[0062] 18 Cover

[0063] 19 Access opening

[0064] O top edge

[0065] U Lower edge x Vehicle longitudinal axis y Vehicle transverse axis z Vehicle vertical axis

Claims

Patent claims 1. Occupant protection device (1) for a vehicle (6) with an airbag module (4) having at least one airbag (5), which is integrated into a seat back (2) of a vehicle seat (3), wherein the at least one airbag (5) is designed to unfold from a rear side (16) of the seat back (2) to assume its operative position and to cover a partial area of the rear side of the seat back (2) in the operative position, characterized in that - the vehicle seat (3) is designed as a belt-integrated seat, wherein a storage compartment (17) is arranged or formed on the rear side of the seat back (2); - the airbag module (4) is integrated into the seat back (2) in such a way that the at least one airbag (5) unfolds from an airbag outlet opening (15) formed above the storage compartment (17) on the rear side (16) along a vehicle vertical axis (z) in the direction of the vehicle roof and the at least one airbag (5) in its operative position covers at least one upper seat back region (10) of the rear side (16); - a deployment direction of the airbag (4) is predetermined by means of a cover (18) closing the airbag outlet opening (15) and - the cover (18) opens when the airbag (4) presses against the cover (18) due to its loading and the cover (18) pivots open; this closes an access opening (19) of the storage compartment (17).

2. Occupant protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that- a screen (13) is mounted on the rear side (16) of the seat back (2) of the vehicle seat (3) and an area from which the at least one airbag (5) extends out of the rear side (16) of the seat back (2) unfolded, is bounded by a lower edge (U) of the screen (13) and an upper edge (O) of the storage compartment (17).

3. Occupant protection device according to claim 2, characterized in that the at least one airbag (5) positioned in its operative position covers at least the entire surface of the screen (13) mounted on the rear side (16) of the seat back (2) of the vehicle seat (3).

4. Occupant protection device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one cover (18) of the airbag outlet opening (15) is arranged or formed in the seat back (2) for specifying a deployment direction of the at least one airbag (5).

5. Occupant protection device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one shaping structure element for specifying an airbag geometry is arranged or formed within the at least one airbag (5).

6. Occupant protection device according to claim 5, characterized in that the at least one shaping structure element is designed as a retaining strap, dart and / or tube.

7. Occupant protection device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one airbag (5) is designed as a flat airbag.

8. Vehicle seat (2) with an occupant protection device according to one of claims 1 to 7.

9. Vehicle (5) with a vehicle seat (2) according to claim 8.

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