Excitation fuse, power equipment, and vehicle

Abstract

An excitation fuse, comprising a fuse housing provided with an upper connecting terminal and a lower connecting terminal. A conductive rod, an action unit, and a connecting mating member are mounted in the fuse housing; when the conductive rod is located at a first position, the upper connecting terminal is electrically connected to the lower connecting terminal by means of the conductive rod; and when the conductive rod is located at a second position, the action unit disconnects a disconnectable structure, and the upper connecting terminal is electrically disconnected from the lower connecting terminal.

Description

Excitation fuses, power equipment and vehicles

[0001] Priority information

[0002] This application claims priority and benefits of patent application No. 202311035514.6 filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of China on August 15, 2023, and the entire text of which is incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present application relates to a fuse, and in particular to an excitation fuse. Furthermore, the present application relates to an electric device including the excitation fuse. In addition, the present application relates to a vehicle including the excitation fuse. Background Art

[0004] As an important component for breaking current in a carrying circuit, a fuse can automatically cut off the current in the circuit when a power line or electrical equipment experiences a fault such as overload, short circuit, or undervoltage, thereby protecting the power line or electrical equipment and preventing major safety accidents. An excitation fuse is a type of fuse that can trigger a protective action by receiving a control signal, actively cutting off the current in the circuit. In today's new energy vehicle development, considering the risk of the vehicle shell becoming conductive due to a short circuit, many electric vehicles are equipped with excitation fuses to actively cut off the high-voltage part in the event of an internal circuit short circuit, ensuring driving safety. Current excitation fuses generally suffer from a contradiction between the difficulty of disconnection and the heat generated at the weak point.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide an excitation fuse, which can solve the contradiction between the difficulty of disconnection and the heat generation at the weak point, so that the excitation fuse has a faster disconnection speed, generates less heat and is more reliable.

[0007] Furthermore, the technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide an electric power device, the fuse of which has a faster response speed, generates less heat and is more reliable.

[0008] Furthermore, the technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a vehicle whose fuse has a faster response speed, generates less heat and is more reliable.

[0009] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides an excitation fuse, on the one hand, comprising a hollow fuse shell and a connecting fitting connected to an upper connecting terminal and a lower connecting terminal, wherein a conductive rod and an actuating unit are installed inside the fuse shell, wherein the conductive rod and the connecting fitting are connected and arranged in a first position through a disconnectable connecting structure. When the conductive rod is in the first position, the upper connecting terminal and the lower connecting terminal are electrically connected through the conductive rod, and the actuating unit can disconnect the disconnectable connecting structure, thereby causing the conductive rod to move from the first position to the second position, thereby disconnecting the electrical connection between the upper connecting terminal and the lower connecting terminal.

[0010] Specifically, the detachable connection structure is an interference fit connection structure or a snap-fit ​​structure.

[0011] Preferably, it also includes a conductive fuse. When the conductive rod is in the first position, the upper connecting terminal and the lower connecting terminal are electrically connected through the conductive fuse and the conductive rod. The conductive fuse can disconnect the electrical connection between the upper connecting terminal and the lower connecting terminal. The conductive fuse includes at least one fuse piece, and each of the fuse pieces is connected in parallel. The fuse piece has at least one row of fuse parts, and the fuse pieces are arranged around the action unit.

[0012] Preferably, the upper connecting terminal includes a first upper connecting wiring part and a second upper connecting wiring part, the conductive fuse includes at least two fuse pieces, the first upper connecting wiring part is electrically connected to a part of the fuse piece, and the second upper connecting wiring part is electrically connected to another part of the fuse piece, and the lower connecting terminal includes a lower connecting wiring part, and the lower connecting wiring part is electrically connected to the conductive rod.

[0013] Preferably, it also includes an internal connecting terminal, the fuse shell includes an upper shell and a lower shell, the upper shell and the lower shell respectively form an upper shell cavity and a lower shell cavity inside, a supporting step surface is formed between the upper shell cavity and the lower shell cavity, the internal connecting terminal is supported on the supporting step surface, one end of the conductive melt is connected to the upper connecting terminal, and the other end is connected to the internal connecting terminal, the connecting fitting includes the internal connecting terminal and the lower connecting terminal, when the conductive rod is in the first position, the internal connecting terminal and the conductive rod are connected through the disconnectable connecting structure, the lower connecting terminal and the conductive rod are connected through the disconnectable connecting structure, when the conductive rod is in the second position, the internal connecting terminal and the conductive rod are disconnected.

[0014] Specifically, the action unit includes an ignition device, an ignition tube base and an air duct, a gas cavity is formed inside the air duct, one end of the air duct is supported on the internal connecting terminal, and the other end is connected to the ignition tube base, the ignition device is arranged on the ignition tube base, the detonating part of the ignition device extends into one end of the gas cavity, and the connecting part of the conductive rod extends into the other end of the gas cavity. After the ignition device is detonated, it can generate high-pressure gas to disconnect the disconnectable connection structure, thereby causing the conductive rod to move from the first position to the second position.

[0015] Specifically, a conductive rod cavity is formed inside one end of the lower connecting terminal, and a flange support portion is formed inside the lower connecting terminal. The guide portion of the conductive rod extends into the conductive rod cavity to disconnect the disconnectable connection structure, thereby causing the conductive rod to move from the first position along the conductive rod cavity to the second position. When the conductive rod is in the second position, the conductive rod is supported on the flange support portion, and the conductive rod and the internal connecting terminal are disconnected.

[0016] Specifically, the air guide tube includes a seamless steel sleeve and an insulating tube, and the insulating tube is covered on the outside of the seamless steel sleeve so that the seamless steel tube is insulated from the upper connecting terminal and the internal connecting terminal respectively. The connecting fitting also includes an insulating tube, and the insulating tube and the conductive rod are connected through the disconnectable connection structure.

[0017] Preferably, the upper shell and the lower shell are connected by a locking ring, the lower connecting terminal is connected to the lower shell by screws, the fuse shell also includes an end cap and a cover, and the upper shell is respectively connected to the end cap, cover, and ignition tube base by screws.

[0018] Preferably, the fuse housing is filled with an arc extinguishing medium, and the connecting portion is formed with a spike structure for striking an arc.

[0019] Preferably, an insulating cone with a flat upper surface is installed on the upper end surface of the connecting portion of the conductive rod, and the insulating cone can cooperate with the inner surface of the gas guide tube to isolate the high-pressure gas generated by the ignition device from the conductive rod.

[0020] On the basis of the above-mentioned excitation fuse technical solution, the present application also provides an electric power device, which includes the excitation fuse of any of the above-mentioned technical solutions.

[0021] Based on the above-mentioned excitation fuse technical solution, the present application also provides a vehicle, which includes the excitation fuse of any of the above-mentioned technical solutions.

[0022] Through the above technical solution, the excitation fuse of the present application has an ingeniously disconnectable connection between the conductive rod and the connecting fitting, so that the excitation fuse can quickly disconnect the electrical connection between the upper and lower connecting terminals, and generates little heat during normal operation.

[0023] Furthermore, the excitation fuse of this application also integrates passive protection. This allows the passive protection system to operate first to disconnect the fault circuit when encountering high-magnitude fault currents, while the active protection system operates first to disconnect the fault circuit when encountering low-magnitude fault currents. This reduces the difficulty of disconnection and reduces heat generation under normal operating conditions. Furthermore, the excitation fuse provided by this application has high space utilization, meeting the requirements of miniaturization and lightweighting, and facilitating practical installation and application.

[0024] Furthermore, the connecting portion of the conductive rod is formed with a spike structure, which can introduce the arc generated between the conductors into the lower shell cavity under high voltage working conditions, and extinguish the arc through the arc extinguishing medium in the lower shell cavity, thereby improving the arc extinguishing ability and safety performance of the fuse.

[0025] Furthermore, an insulating cone is installed on the upper end face of the connecting part. Compared with the high-pressure gas directly acting on the spike structure to push the conductive rod, the high-pressure gas acting on the insulating cone can provide a greater thrust for the conductive rod, and the insulating cone can prevent the high-pressure gas containing high-energy plasma generated by the ignition device from contacting the conductive rod, thereby avoiding its coupling with the electric arc, further improving the safety performance of the fuse, and the insulating cone can protect the tip of the spike structure from being damaged by the high-pressure gas, thereby increasing the reliability of the arc extinguishing of the spike structure.

[0026] Other features and advantages of the present application will be described in detail in the subsequent detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] FIG1 is a structural diagram of a specific embodiment of a prior art fusible and mechanically disconnecting fusible fuse.

[0028] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of an excitation fuse in a first position according to a specific embodiment of the present application.

[0029] FIG3 is a structural diagram of an excitation fuse in a second position according to a specific embodiment of the present application.

[0030] FIG4 is a diagram showing the internal structure of an excitation fuse according to a specific embodiment of the present application.

[0031] Description of Reference Numerals

[0032] 1 Upper connection terminal 2 Lower connection terminal

[0033] 3 conductive rods 4 conductive melt

[0034] 5 upper shell 6 lower shell

[0035] 7 Locking ring 8 Support step surface

[0036] 9 Internal connection terminal 10 Ignition device

[0037] 11 Ignition tube base 12 Gas pipe

[0038] 13 gas chamber 14 detonation part

[0039] 15 connecting portion 16 conductive rod cavity

[0040] 17 guide portion 18 end cap

[0041] 19 cover 20 arc extinguishing medium

[0042] 21 spike structure 22 insulation cone

[0043] 23 flange support part 24 seamless steel sleeve

[0044] 25 Insulation tube 26 First upper connection terminal

[0045] 27 Second upper connecting wire portion 28 Lower connecting wire portion

[0046] 29 fuse housing 30 action unit

[0047] 31 Connecting fitting 32 Disconnectable connecting structure

[0048] 41 fuse 51 upper housing cavity

[0049] 61 lower housing cavity 200 excitation fuse DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The following describes the specific embodiments of the present application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.

[0051] In this application, unless otherwise specified, the terms used, such as "first" and "second", etc., are intended to distinguish one element from another, and do not have order or importance, and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this application. "Inside" and "outside" refer to the inside and outside of the outline of the relevant parts. The directional words used, such as "up" and "down", specifically refer to the direction in which the centroid of the excitation fuse points to the cover 19 as up, and the direction in which the centroid of the excitation fuse points to the lower connecting terminal 2 as down. The high-multiple fault current involved in this application refers to the current in the circuit that is much larger than the current during normal operation. The high-multiple fault current can cause the fuse in the circuit to blow quickly. The low-multiple fault current involved in this application refers to the current in the circuit that is larger than the current during normal operation. Under the action of the low-multiple fault current, the fuse blows relatively slowly. At this time, the excitation signal source responds quickly to send an excitation signal, and the excitation fuse quickly cuts off the current after receiving the excitation signal.

[0052] As shown in Figure 1, the related art discloses a fusible and mechanically disconnectable fuse, comprising a hollow housing 100, an arc-extinguishing medium 101 filled in the housing 100, a fuse 102 disposed in the housing 100, the ends of the fuse 102 being connected to conductive terminals 103 on the housing wall, and a breaking device 104 disposed within the housing 100 for disconnecting the weak point of the fuse 102. In the prior art, the breaking device 104 of the excitation fuse is disposed within the arc-extinguishing medium 101, thereby hindering the action of the breaking device 104 by the arc-extinguishing medium 101, increasing the response time. Furthermore, the active protection and passive protection disconnect components share the same fuse 102, resulting in a reduction in the cross-sectional area of ​​the weak point of the conductor when the conductor is thinner, thereby increasing the resistance of the weak point. This results in a high heat generation under high current conditions. Furthermore, when the weak point of the conductor is thicker, it increases the difficulty of the breaking device 104 disconnecting the conductor. To address this issue, the present application provides an excitation fuse.

[0053] As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the excitation fuse 200 of the embodiment of the present application includes a hollow fuse housing 29 and a connecting fitting 31 connected to an upper connecting terminal 1 and a lower connecting terminal 2. A conductive rod 3 and an actuating unit 30 are installed inside the fuse housing 29. The conductive rod 3 and the connecting fitting 31 are connected and arranged in a first position via a disconnectable connecting structure 32. When the conductive rod 3 is in the first position, the upper connecting terminal 1 and the lower connecting terminal 2 are electrically connected via the conductive rod 3. The actuating unit 30 can disconnect the disconnectable connecting structure 32, thereby moving the conductive rod 3 from the first position to the second position, thereby disconnecting the electrical connection between the upper connecting terminal 1 and the lower connecting terminal 2. The conductive rod 3 and the actuating unit 30 constitute an active protection system. The excitation fuse 200 is connected to the protected circuit via the upper connecting terminal 1 and the lower connecting terminal 2. The action unit 30 is connected to the excitation signal source. When a fault current is encountered, the active protection system responds. Upon receiving the excitation signal from the excitation signal source, the action unit 30 actuates to disconnect the short-slip connection structure between the conductive rod 3 and the connecting fitting 31, thereby moving the conductive rod 3 from the first position to the second position. During this movement, the electrical connection between the upper connecting terminal 1 and the lower connecting terminal 2 is disconnected. This active protection system can quickly disconnect the working circuit in response to the excitation signal and generates minimal heat during normal operation.

[0054] As a preferred embodiment, as shown in FIG4 , the excitation fuse 200 further includes a conductive fuse 4. When the conductive rod 3 is in the first position, the upper connecting terminal 1 and the lower connecting terminal 2 are electrically connected via the conductive fuse 4 and the conductive rod 3. The conductive fuse 4 is capable of disconnecting the electrical connection between the upper connecting terminal 1 and the lower connecting terminal 2. The conductive fuse 4 includes at least one fuse element 41, each of which is connected in parallel. The fuse elements 41 have at least one row of fuse sections. The fuse elements 41 are arranged around the actuating unit 30. By connecting multiple fuse elements 41 in parallel, the excitation fuse 200 can cope with high current conditions. The conductive fuse 4 serves as a passive protection system connected in series with the active protection system. When a fault current is encountered, the passive protection system responds, and the current causes the fuse section of the conductive fuse 4 to quickly melt, thereby disconnecting the electrical connection between the upper connecting terminal 1 and the lower connecting terminal 2. The excitation fuse 200 of the present application can integrate a passive protection system, so that when encountering a high-fold fault current, the fuse part of the passive protection system will quickly melt under the action of the large current, and then the working circuit is protected by the passive protection system. When encountering a low-fold fault current, the passive protection system disconnects slowly. At this time, an excitation signal is sent through an external excitation signal source, thereby triggering the action unit 30 to disconnect the disconnectable connection structure 32, thereby moving the conductive rod 3 from the first position to the second position, and the electrical connection between the upper and lower connection terminals is cut off, thereby cutting off the working circuit, and then providing protection for the working circuit through the active protection system. The excitation fuse 200 of the present application can provide active and passive protection systems, and the active protection system and the passive protection system are connected in series, with a fast disconnection speed, and the excitation fuse 200 generates less heat when the working circuit is operating normally, which solves the contradiction between difficult disconnection and high heat generation.

[0055] As a preferred embodiment, as shown in FIG4 , the upper connecting terminal 1 includes a first upper connecting wiring portion 26 and a second upper connecting wiring portion 27 . The conductive fuse 4 includes at least two fuse links 41 . The first upper connecting wiring portion 26 is electrically connected to a portion of the fuse links 41 , and the second upper connecting wiring portion 27 is electrically connected to another portion of the fuse links 41 . The lower connecting terminal 2 includes a lower connecting wiring portion 28 , which is electrically connected to the conductive rod 3 . The magnetic fuse can connect two input circuits to one output circuit, thereby severing the electrical connection between the corresponding input circuit and the output circuit when a fault current occurs in the working circuit, thereby providing protection. In a specific embodiment of the present application, the two upper connecting wiring portions of the excitation fuse 200 can each be connected to a working circuit. This disconnects the working circuit when a device in the circuit fails, causing a fault current to flow in the working circuit, thereby protecting the working circuit from further damage due to the fault current. Furthermore, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that additional connecting wiring portions for the upper and lower connecting terminals can be added to accommodate various operating conditions, and all of these are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0056] As a preferred embodiment, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, the excitation fuse 200 further includes an internal connection terminal 9. The fuse housing 29 includes an upper housing 5 and a lower housing 6. The upper housing 5 and the lower housing 6 respectively define an upper housing cavity and a lower housing cavity 61. A support step surface 8 is formed between the upper and lower housing cavities 61. The support step surface 8 supports the internal connection terminal 9. One end of the conductive connector is connected to the upper connection terminal 1 and the other end is connected to the internal connection terminal 9. The connecting fitting 31 includes the internal connection terminal 9 and the lower connection terminal 2. As shown in Figure 2, when the conductive rod 3 is in the first position, the internal connection terminal 9 and the conductive rod 3 are connected by a disconnectable connection structure 32, and the lower connection terminal 2 and the conductive rod 3 are connected by the disconnectable connection structure 32. When a low fault current is encountered, the actuating unit 30 receives an excitation signal and actuates, thereby causing the disconnectable connection structure 32 to disconnect, causing the conductive rod 3 to move downward until the electrical connection between the internal connection terminal 9 and the conductive rod 3 is disconnected, thereby achieving active protection. It should be noted that, as a preferred embodiment, by connecting the conductive rod 3 and the internal connecting terminal 9, and the conductive rod 3 and the lower connecting terminal 2 through a disconnectable connecting structure 32, the connection between the conductive rod 3 and the internal connecting terminal 9, and the conductive rod 3 and the lower connecting terminal 2 is made more stable, thereby reducing the air gap between the conductive rod 3 and the internal connecting terminal 9 or the lower connecting terminal 2 when the conductive rod 3 moves downward under the drive of the action unit 30, thereby reducing the generation of arcs. However, for relevant technical personnel in this field, the conductive rod 3 can be connected to a variety of connecting fittings 31 through a disconnectable connecting structure 32. For example, a flange structure is provided in the fuse housing 29, and the flange structure and the conductive rod 3 are connected through a disconnectable connecting structure 32, so that the conductive rod 3 is fixed in the first position. As long as the conductive rod 3 can be fixed in the first position through the disconnectable connecting structure 32 under normal operating conditions, so that the conductive rod 3 cooperates with the conductive connector to electrically connect the upper and lower connecting terminals, and the connection between the connecting fitting 31 and the conductive rod 3 can be relatively easily disconnected under the drive of the action unit 30, it is obvious to ordinary technical personnel in this field, and they all fall within the scope of protection of this application and are not described here.

[0057] As a specific embodiment, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, the action unit 30 of the excitation fuse 200 provided in the present application includes an ignition device 10, an ignition tube base 11 and a gas guide tube 12. A gas cavity 13 is formed inside the gas guide tube 12. One end of the gas guide tube 12 is supported on the internal connection terminal 9, and the other end is connected to the ignition tube base 11. The ignition device 10 is arranged on the ignition tube base 11. The detonating portion 14 of the ignition device 10 extends into one end of the gas cavity 13, and the connecting portion 15 of the conductive rod 3 extends into the other end of the gas cavity 13. When encountering a low-magnitude fault signal, the ignition device 10 receives an excitation signal from an excitation signal source, causing the deactivation powder in the detonation portion 14 of the ignition device 10 to detonate, thereby generating high-pressure gas in the gas chamber 13 of the gas duct 12. This high-pressure gas exerts a downward force on the upper end surface of the connection portion 15 of the conductive rod 3, disconnecting the disconnectable connection structure 32 between the conductive rod 3 and the internal connection terminal 9 and between the conductive rod 3 and the lower connection terminal 2, thereby causing the conductive rod 3 to move downward along the conductive rod chamber 16 of the lower connection terminal 2. During the downward movement of the conductive rod 3, the connection between the conductive rod 3 and the internal connection terminal 9 is disconnected. Therefore, when encountering a low-magnitude fault current, the excitation signal is quickly responded to by actively disconnecting the electrical connection between the upper connection terminal 1 and the lower connection terminal 2, severing current in the circuit and thereby protecting the power supply line or electrical equipment. This excitation fuse 200 can quickly disconnect the fault circuit when receiving an excitation signal in the event of a low-magnitude fault current, and generates relatively little heat under normal operating conditions. It should be noted here that the action unit 30 of the present application can have multiple implementation forms, and it can be replaced with other implementation methods driven by electromagnetic force or hydro-electric effect. As long as it can respond to enable the conductive rod 3 to overcome the interference fit force and move the conductive rod 3 downward until the circuit is disconnected, it is obvious to the general technical personnel in this field and will not be elaborated here. They all fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0058] As a specific embodiment, a conductive rod cavity 16 is formed within one end of the lower connecting terminal 2. A flange support portion 23 is also formed within the lower connecting terminal 2. The guide portion 17 of the conductive rod 3 extends into the conductive rod cavity 16. When the conductive rod 3 moves to the second position under the thrust of the high-pressure gas and gravity, as shown in FIG3 , the flange support portion 23 supports the conductive rod 3, preventing it from moving further. This ensures a relatively stable connection between the conductors during the downward movement of the conductive rod 3 to the second position, reducing sparking and arcing between the conductive rod 3 and the inner connecting terminal 9, as well as between the conductive rod 3 and the lower connecting terminal 2, thereby increasing the safety and reliability of the excitation fuse 200.

[0059] In a specific embodiment, the gas duct 12 includes a seamless steel sleeve 24 and an insulating tube 25. The insulating tube 25 is wrapped around the outer surface of the seamless steel sleeve 24 to insulate the seamless steel sleeve 24 from the upper connecting terminal 1 and the internal connecting terminal 9. The connecting fitting 31 also includes the insulating tube 25. The insulating tube 25 and the conductive rod 3 are connected by a releasable connection structure 32. This ensures the airtightness of the gas duct 12, allowing the conductive rod 3 to be more easily propelled by the high-pressure gas generated by the ignition device 10, and further enhances the stability between the conductors, thereby further preventing sparks and arcing between the conductors. At the same time, the insulating tube 25 prevents the seamless steel sleeve from directly electrically connecting to the upper connecting terminal 1 and the conductive rod 3. When a high fault current is encountered, the conductive melt 4 melts, thereby severing the electrical connection between the upper connecting terminal 1 and the internal connecting terminal 9. The insulating tube 25 also prevents the seamless steel sleeve 24 from directly electrically connecting to the upper connecting terminal 1 and the conductive rod 3, thereby severing the electrical connection between the upper connecting terminal 1 and the lower connecting terminal 2.

[0060] As a specific embodiment, the disconnectable connection structure 32 is an interference fit connection structure or a snap-fit ​​structure. However, for those skilled in the art, there are various ways to implement the disconnectable connection structure 32 of this application. As long as the disconnectable connection structure 32 can connect the conductive rod 3 and the connecting fitting 31 before the action unit 30 is triggered, and the disconnectable connection structure 32 can be relatively easily disconnected after the action unit 30 is triggered, they all fall within the scope of protection of this application and will not be described in detail here. As a preferred embodiment, the upper shell 5 and the lower shell 6 are connected by a locking ring 7, the lower connecting terminal 2 is connected to the lower shell 6 by screws, and the fuse shell 29 also includes an end cap 18 and a cover 19. The upper shell 5 is respectively connected to the end cap 18, the cover 19, and the ignition tube base 11 by screws. The multiple detachable connection structures make it easy for the excitation fuse 200 to replace the failed ignition device 10, conductive rod 3, and arc extinguishing medium 20.

[0061] As a preferred embodiment, the fuse housing 29 is filled with an arc extinguishing medium 20, and a spike structure 21 for striking an arc is formed at the connecting portion 15. When encountering a high-fold fault current, the arc extinguishing medium 20 filled in the upper housing can extinguish the arc generated when the fuse part of the fuse piece 41 is disconnected. When encountering a low-fold fault current, the ignition device 10 detonates and pushes the conductive rod 3 downward. When the excitation fuse 200 is used in a high-voltage circuit, an arc may be generated when there is an air gap between the conductive rod 3 and the internal connecting terminal 9. The spike structure 21 can concentrate the generated arc into the lower housing cavity 61, and extinguish the arc through the arc extinguishing medium 20 in the lower housing cavity 61, thereby improving the arc extinguishing ability of the excitation fuse 200, and further improving the safety of the excitation fuse 200 when used in a high-voltage circuit.

[0062] The aforementioned spike structure 21 can improve the arc extinguishing performance of the excitation fuse 200. However, the structure of the spike structure 21 mechanically weakens the propulsive force of the high-pressure gas. As a further preferred embodiment, an insulating cone 22 with a flat upper surface is mounted on the upper end surface of the connecting portion 15. The insulating cone 22 cooperates with the inner surface of the gas guide tube 12 to isolate the high-pressure gas generated by the ignition device 10 from the conductive rod 3. When encountering a low-magnitude fault current, the ignition device 10 detonates the insulating cone 22 on the connecting portion 15, pushing the conductive rod 3. The flat upper end surface of the insulating cone 22 generates a greater propulsive force under the propulsion of the high-pressure gas than directly pushing the spike structure 21 formed on the connecting portion 15. Furthermore, the high-pressure gas containing high-energy plasma generated by the ignition device 10 and the conductive rod 3 are blocked by the insulating cone 22, thereby preventing the high-pressure gas containing high-energy plasma from coupling with the arc generated by the gas guide rod, thereby reducing the difficulty of arc extinguishing the excitation fuse 200. Furthermore, the insulating cone 22 protects the tip of the spike structure 21 from damage by the high-pressure gas, making the arc extinguishing function of the excitation fuse 200 more reliable. Based on the excitation fuse 200 described in the above technical solution of this application, this application provides an electric power device. The excitation fuse 200 described in this application is connected to the circuit of the electric power device, thereby enabling the device to quickly disconnect the circuit when a fault current occurs in the circuit, thereby increasing the safety of the electric power device in the event of a circuit fault.

[0063] Based on the excitation fuse 200 mentioned in the above technical solution of the present application, the present application provides a vehicle, in which the excitation fuse 200 mentioned in the present application is connected to the circuit of the vehicle, so that the circuit can be quickly disconnected when a fault current occurs in the circuit, thereby increasing the safety of the vehicle when a circuit fault occurs.

[0064] The present application provides a preferred embodiment of an excitation fuse 200, as shown in Figures 2 to 4. The upper end of the excitation fuse 200 is connected to an upper connection terminal 1, and the lower end is connected to a lower connection terminal 2. The upper connection terminal 1 includes a first upper connection wiring portion 26 and a second upper connection wiring portion 27. The lower connection terminal 2 includes a lower connection wiring portion 28. The lower connection terminal 2 is formed with a conductive rod cavity 16. A flange support portion 23 is formed inside the lower connection terminal 2. The fuse housing 29 of the excitation fuse 200 is hollow and includes an upper housing 5 and a lower housing 6. The upper shell 5 and the lower shell 6 are connected by a locking ring 7. A support step surface 8 is formed between the upper shell 5 and the lower shell 6. The support step surface 8 supports an internal connection terminal 9. The excitation fuse 200 also includes an action unit 30, a conductive melt 4 and a conductive rod 3. The connecting portion 15 of the conductive rod 3 is formed with a spike structure 21. The upper end surface of the conductive rod 3 is installed with an insulating cone 22. The conductive melt 4 is arranged around the action unit 30, and one end of the conductive melt 4 is supported on the internal connection terminal 9, and the other end is connected to the upper connection terminal 1. The electric pole 3 and the internal connecting terminal 9 are connected by interference fit. The guide portion 17 of the conductive rod 3 extends into the conductive rod cavity 16 of the lower connecting terminal 2. The conductive rod 3 and the lower connecting terminal 2 are connected by interference fit. The action unit 30 includes an ignition device 10, an ignition tube base 11 and a gas guide tube 12. The gas guide tube 12 includes a seamless steel sleeve 24 and an insulating tube 25. The insulating tube 25 is covered on the outside of the seamless steel sleeve 24. A gas cavity 13 is formed inside the gas guide tube 12. One end of the gas guide tube 12 is supported on the internal connecting terminal 9, and the other end is connected to the ignition tube base 11. 1 connection, the ignition device 10 is arranged on the ignition tube base 11, the detonating portion 14 of the ignition device 10 extends into one end of the gas cavity 13, and the connecting portion 15 of the conductive rod 3 extends into the other end of the gas cavity 13. The upper shell 5 and the lower shell 6 are connected by a locking ring 7, and the lower connecting terminal 2 is connected to the lower shell 6 by screws. The fuse housing 29 also includes an end cap 18 and a cover 19. The upper shell 5 is respectively connected to the end cap 18, the cover 19, and the ignition tube base 11 by screws. The upper shell cavity and the lower shell cavity 61 are filled with an arc extinguishing medium 20. When the excitation fuse 200 is operating normally, the upper connecting terminal 1 and the lower connecting terminal 2 are connected to the circuit as the input and output ends of the excitation fuse 200, respectively, thereby providing protection for the two working circuits. The ignition device 10 is connected to an external excitation signal source, and current flows from the first upper connecting connection portion 26 and the upper connecting connection portion 27 of the upper connecting terminal 1, passes through the conductive melt 4, the internal connecting terminal 9 and the conductive rod 3 in sequence, and then flows out of the lower connecting connection portion 28 of the lower connecting terminal 2, thereby electrically connecting the upper connecting terminal 1 and the lower connecting terminal 2. In addition, the active disconnection portion and the passive disconnection portion of the excitation fuse 200 are not shared, so there is no need to set a weak structure for disconnection on the conductive melt 4, thereby reducing the heat generated by the thermally conductive melt under normal operation.When encountering a high fault current, the conductive fuse 4 quickly melts, thereby severing the electrical connection between the upper connecting terminal 1 and the internal connecting terminal 9. Simultaneously, the insulating tube 25 prevents the upper connecting terminal 1 from being directly electrically connected to the internal connecting terminal 9, thereby severing the electrical connection between the upper connecting terminal 1 and the lower connecting terminal 2, thereby enabling the excitation fuse 200 to disconnect the fault circuit. Furthermore, the arc-extinguishing medium 20 within the upper housing cavity can extinguish the arc generated when the conductive fuse 4 melts under high voltage conditions. When the excitation fuse 200 encounters a low-magnitude fault signal, the conductive melt 4 melts relatively slowly. At this point, an external excitation signal source emits an excitation signal, which is received by the ignition device 10, causing the deactivation powder within the ignition portion 14 of the ignition device 10 to detonate. This in turn generates high-pressure gas within the gas chamber 13 of the gas duct 12. This high-pressure gas exerts a downward force on the insulating cone 22 connected to the upper end face of the conductive rod 3, overcoming the interference fit between the conductive rod 3 and the internal connecting terminal 9, as well as between the conductive rod 3 and the lower connecting terminal 2, causing the conductive rod 3 to move downward along the conductive rod cavity 16 of the lower connecting terminal 2. During this downward movement, the connection between the conductive rod 3 and the internal connecting terminal 9 is disconnected, thereby disconnecting the electrical connection between the upper connecting terminal 1 and the lower connecting terminal 2, thereby causing the excitation fuse 200 to disconnect the fault circuit. As shown in Figure 3, under the thrust of the high-pressure gas and the force of gravity, the conductive rod 3 moves downward, ultimately resting on the flange support 23 formed within the lower connecting terminal 2. Under high-voltage operating conditions, the interference fit connections between the conductive rod 3 and the internal connecting terminal 9, between the insulating tube 25 and the conductive rod 3, and between the conductive rod 3 and the lower connecting terminal 2 enable the conductive rod 3 to move downward more stably, reducing the air gaps between the conductive rod 3 and the internal connecting terminal 9 and between the conductive rod 3 and the lower connecting terminal 2, thereby reducing the generation of arcs and improving the safety of the excitation fuse 200 under high-voltage operating conditions. The connection portion of the conductive rod 3 is formed with a spike structure 21. This spike structure 21 can guide the arc generated when the conductive rod 3 and the internal connecting terminal 9 are just disconnected into the lower shell cavity 61, extinguishing the arc through the arc extinguishing medium 20 in the lower shell cavity 61, further improving the arc extinguishing capability and safety performance of the excitation fuse 200. In addition, the insulating cone 22 can protect the tip of the spike structure 21 from damage under the action of high-pressure gas, thereby increasing the reliability of the arc extinguishing function of the excitation fuse 200. Furthermore, the insulating cone 22 can block the high-pressure gas and the conductive rod 3, preventing the high-energy plasma in the high-pressure gas from coupling with the arc generated by the conductive rod 3, which would increase the difficulty of arc extinguishing, thereby further improving the safety performance of the excitation fuse 200. The conductive fuse 4 is composed of multiple bendable fuse links 41 connected in parallel. The parallel fuse links 41 divide the current, allowing the excitation fuse 200 to handle high current scenarios.The excitation fuse 200 adopts a detachable connection structure, so that after the excitation fuse 200 is melted or detonated, the corresponding failed component can be replaced, thereby reducing costs.

[0065] As can be seen from the above description, the advantages of this application are: first, the movement of the conductive rod is less affected by the arc extinguishing medium, so that the active protection system disconnects quickly and there is no need to reduce the cross-sectional area of ​​the disconnection part to speed up the disconnection speed, resulting in less heat generation and less energy loss during normal operation. Second, by combining active and passive protection, the passive protection system will operate first in the event of a high fault current, and the active protection system will operate first in the event of a low fault current, and the protection action will respond quickly. Third, the active protection and passive protection disconnection components are separated, so that the active protection system and the passive protection system disconnect quickly while reducing the heat generation of the excitation fuse 200 under normal operating conditions and reducing energy loss. Fourth, the structure is simple and the space utilization rate is high, meeting the requirements of miniaturization and lightweight, and facilitating actual installation and application. Fifth, the detachable structure facilitates the replacement of damaged parts and saves costs. Sixth, it can cope with high voltage and high current operating conditions. Seventh, the spike structure, insulating cone, and arc extinguishing medium can increase the arc resistance and reliability of the excitation fuse 200 under high voltage conditions.

[0066] The preferred embodiments of the present application are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present application is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present application, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present application, and these simple modifications all fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0067] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. To avoid unnecessary repetition, this application will not further describe various possible combinations.

[0068] In addition, the various implementation methods of the present application may be arbitrarily combined, and as long as they do not violate the concept of the present application, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed in the present application.

Claims

1. An excitation fuse (200), wherein: The invention comprises a hollow fuse housing (29) connected to an upper connecting terminal (1) and a lower connecting terminal (2); a conductive rod (3), an actuating unit (30) and a connecting fitting (31) are installed inside the fuse housing (29); the conductive rod (3) and the connecting fitting (31) are connected and arranged in a first position via a disconnectable connecting structure (32); when the conductive rod (3) is in the first position, the upper connecting terminal (1) and the lower connecting terminal (2) are electrically connected via the conductive rod (3); the actuating unit (30) can disconnect the disconnectable connecting structure (32), thereby causing the conductive rod (3) to move from the first position to the second position, thereby disconnecting the electrical connection between the upper connecting terminal (1) and the lower connecting terminal (2).

2. The excitation fuse (200) according to claim 1, wherein: The disconnectable connection structure (32) is an interference fit connection structure or a snap-fit ​​structure.

3. The excitation fuse (200) according to claim 1, wherein: The invention also comprises a conductive fuse (4). When the conductive rod (3) is in the first position, the upper connecting terminal (1) and the lower connecting terminal (2) are electrically connected via the conductive fuse (4) and the conductive rod (3). The conductive fuse (4) can disconnect the electrical connection between the upper connecting terminal (1) and the lower connecting terminal (2). The conductive fuse (4) comprises at least one fuse piece (41). Each of the fuse pieces (41) is connected in parallel. The fuse pieces (41) have at least one row of fuse parts. The fuse pieces (41) are arranged around the action unit (30).

4. The excitation fuse (200) according to claim 3, wherein: The upper connecting terminal (1) comprises a first upper connecting wiring part (26) and a second upper connecting wiring part (27); the conductive fuse (4) comprises at least two fuse pieces (41); the first upper connecting wiring part (26) is electrically connected to a part of the fuse piece (41); the second upper connecting wiring part (27) is electrically connected to another part of the fuse piece (41); the lower connecting terminal (2) comprises a lower connecting wiring part (28); the lower connecting wiring part (28) is electrically connected to the conductive rod (3).

5. The excitation fuse (200) according to claim 4, wherein: The fuse housing (29) further comprises an internal connection terminal (9), wherein the fuse housing (29) comprises an upper housing (5) and a lower housing (6), wherein an upper housing cavity (51) and a lower housing cavity (61) are formed inside the upper housing (5) and the lower housing (6), respectively, and a support step surface (8) is formed between the upper housing cavity (51) and the lower housing cavity (61), and the internal connection terminal (9) is supported on the support step surface (8), and one end of the conductive fuse (4) is connected to the upper connection terminal (1), and the other end is connected to the internal connection terminal (9) ), the connecting fitting (31) comprises the internal connecting terminal (9) and the lower connecting terminal (2); when the conductive rod (3) is in the first position, the internal connecting terminal (9) and the conductive rod (3) are connected via the disconnectable connecting structure (32); the lower connecting terminal (2) and the conductive rod (3) are connected via the disconnectable connecting structure (32); when the conductive rod (3) is in the second position, the internal connecting terminal (9) and the conductive rod (3) are disconnected.

6. The excitation fuse (200) according to claim 5, wherein: The action unit (30) comprises an ignition device (10), an ignition tube base (11) and an air guide tube (12); a gas cavity (13) is formed inside the air guide tube (12); one end of the air guide tube (12) is supported on the internal connection terminal (9), and the other end is connected to the ignition tube base (11); the ignition device (10) is arranged on the ignition tube base (11); the detonating portion (14) of the ignition device (10) extends into one end of the gas cavity (13), and the connecting portion (15) of the conductive rod (3) extends into the other end of the gas cavity (13); after the ignition device (10) is detonated, high-pressure gas can be generated to disconnect the disconnectable connection structure (32), thereby causing the conductive rod (3) to move from the first position to the second position.

7. The excitation fuse (200) according to claim 6, wherein: A conductive rod cavity (16) is formed inside one end of the lower connecting terminal (2), and a flange support portion (23) is formed inside the lower connecting terminal (2). The guide portion (17) of the conductive rod (3) extends into the conductive rod cavity (16), so that the conductive rod (3) moves from the first position along the conductive rod cavity (16) to the second position. When the conductive rod (3) is in the second position, the conductive rod (3) is supported on the flange support portion (23), and the conductive rod (3) and the internal connecting terminal (9) are disconnected.

8. The excitation fuse (200) according to claim 6, wherein: The air guide tube (12) comprises a seamless steel sleeve (24) and an insulating tube (25), wherein the insulating tube (25) is wrapped around the outer side of the seamless steel sleeve (24) so ​​that the seamless steel tube (24) is insulated from the upper connecting terminal (1) and the internal connecting terminal (9), respectively. The connecting fitting also comprises an insulating tube (25), and the insulating tube (25) and the conductive rod (3) are connected via the disconnectable connection structure.

9. The energizing fuse (200) according to claim 6, wherein: The upper shell (5) and the lower shell (6) are connected via a locking ring (7), the lower connecting terminal (2) is connected to the lower shell (6) via screws, the fuse shell (29) further comprises an end cap (18) and a cover (19), and the upper shell (5) is respectively connected to the end cap (18), the cover (19), and the ignition tube base (11) via screws.

10. The excitation fuse (200) according to claim 6, wherein: The fuse housing (29) is filled with an arc extinguishing medium (20), and the connecting portion (15) is formed with a spike structure (21) for striking an arc.

11. The excitation fuse (200) according to claim 10, wherein: An insulating cone (22) having a flat upper surface is mounted on the upper end surface of the connecting portion (15) of the conductive rod (3); the insulating cone (22) can cooperate with the inner surface of the gas guide tube (12) to isolate the high-pressure gas generated by the ignition device (10).

12. An electric power device, wherein: An excitation fuse (200) comprising any one of claims 1 to 11.

13. A vehicle, wherein: An excitation fuse (200) comprising any one of claims 1 to 11.

Images