Permanent magnet moving coil type electromagnet

Abstract

A permanent magnet moving coil type electromagnet (100), aiming to solve the problems in the prior art of small thrust, low action speed and relatively high power consumption. The permanent magnet moving coil type electromagnet (100) comprises a permanent magnet assembly (10), a housing (4), a flexible support plate (1), a coil assembly (20) and a conductive assembly (30). The permanent magnet assembly (10) is configured to form a closed magnetic circuit, and a magnetic gap is provided between a corresponding inner permanent magnet (I) and a corresponding outer permanent magnet (H). The coil assembly (20) comprises a coil (9) and a coil framework, and the coil assembly (20) is configured to be inserted into the magnetic gap. The conductive assembly (30) is configured to be connected to the coil (9) to conduct electricity. The magnetic gap is reduced and the thrust is increased; a large-mass armature is omitted, such that with regard to the same thrust, the force of accelerating the armature is omitted, thereby improving the action speed and simultaneously reducing the power consumption. The present invention has the advantages of large thrust, high action speed and low power consumption.

Description

Permanent magnet moving coil electromagnet Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an electromagnet, and in particular provides a permanent magnet moving coil electromagnet. Background Art

[0002] An electromagnet is a device that generates an electromagnetic field when electricity is applied. Electromagnets are widely used in production. For example, electromagnets are categorized by their intended use: brake electromagnets, lifting electromagnets, valve electromagnets, and traction electromagnets.

[0003] The electromagnets currently on the market have problems such as low thrust, slow movement speed and high power consumption.

[0004] Therefore, it is urgent to develop a permanent magnet moving coil electromagnet with large thrust, fast movement speed and low power consumption.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] The inventors discovered that the main reason for the above-mentioned problems is that, in order to meet the ideal thrust stroke, the existing technology uses a wide magnetic gap, and the thrust of the electromagnet is inversely proportional to the cube of the magnetic gap width. Moreover, the magnetic gap is largest when the armature is activated. At this time, the operated parts are still in a state of static friction that is greater than the dynamic friction, resulting in low thrust and slow movement speed of the electromagnet. In order to meet the designed thrust and movement speed, the power needs to be increased. In addition, the large mass of the armature itself increases the acceleration power consumption. The combination of these factors causes the electromagnet to be forced to waste a lot of power.

[0007] The present invention aims to solve the above technical problems, that is, to solve the problems of low thrust, slow movement speed and high power consumption in the prior art.

[0008] The present invention provides a permanent magnet moving coil electromagnet, comprising:

[0009] A permanent magnet assembly comprising inner and outer magnetic yokes and inner and outer permanent magnets, wherein the inner and outer permanent magnets are respectively mounted in the inner and outer magnetic yokes and configured to form a closed magnetic circuit, and a magnetic gap is provided between the corresponding inner and outer permanent magnets;

[0010] A housing, mounted on the outside of the outer permanent magnet;

[0011] Flexible support plates, arranged correspondingly on both sides of the permanent magnet assembly;

[0012] a coil assembly comprising a coil and a coil bobbin, wherein the coil is wound on the coil bobbin, the coil assembly is supported by the flexible support plate, and the coil assembly is configured to be inserted into the magnetic gap; and

[0013] A conductive component is fixed to the inner side of the flexible support plate via fasteners and insulating members. The conductive component is configured to be connected to the coil for conduction. The conductive component is insulated from the housing and the coil frame by the insulating member.

[0014] In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned permanent magnet moving coil electromagnet, there are two inner magnetic yokes, and the two inner magnetic yokes are plug-connected.

[0015] In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned permanent magnet moving coil electromagnet, the inner permanent magnet is embedded outside the two inner magnetic yokes.

[0016] In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned permanent magnet moving coil electromagnet, there are two outer magnetic yokes, which are arranged on both sides of the outer permanent magnet and abut against each other, and are also connected to the corresponding inner magnetic yokes.

[0017] In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned permanent magnet moving coil electromagnet, the outer permanent magnet is embedded inside the two outer magnetic yokes.

[0018] In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned permanent magnet moving coil electromagnet, an inner hole is provided in the middle of the flexible support plate, and petal-shaped support arms are provided around the periphery of the inner hole.

[0019] In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned permanent magnet moving coil electromagnet, the coil frame includes a left coil frame and a right coil frame, the left coil frame and the right coil frame are plug-connected, the right coil frame is provided with a coil slot, and the coil is wound in the coil slot.

[0020] In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned permanent magnet moving coil electromagnet, the conductive component includes a terminal and a wire, the terminal is arranged corresponding to the middle and edge of the flexible support plate, and the terminal is connected to the coil via the wire.

[0021] In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned permanent magnet moving coil electromagnet, the permanent magnet moving coil electromagnet further includes a left end cover and a right end cover, the left end cover and the right end cover correspond to the two ends of the shell, and the corresponding coil skeleton extends into the left end cover and the right end cover.

[0022] In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned permanent magnet moving coil electromagnet, the right end cover has a right end cover inner hole, the coil skeleton includes a thimble, and the permanent magnet moving coil electromagnet also includes a reset spring, which presses against the end surface of the coil skeleton and the inner hole of the right end cover, so that the permanent magnet moving coil electromagnet is constructed as a thimble retraction type electromagnet.

[0023] When the above technical solution is adopted, the permanent magnet moving coil electromagnet of the present invention constructs a closed magnetic circuit through a permanent magnet assembly, and the armature in the prior art is replaced by a coil assembly composed of a coil and a coil frame, which is connected to the coil assembly through a conductive assembly. Through the above technical solution, the mass of the energized coil (especially the aluminum wire) passing through the magnetic gap of the permanent magnet composed of the inner permanent magnet and the outer permanent magnet is much smaller than the mass of the armature. Since the magnetic gap is not related to the operating range of the permanent magnet moving coil electromagnet and therefore does not need to be designed to be too wide, the magnetic gap of the present invention is reduced, thereby increasing the thrust. Since the large mass of the armature is omitted, the same thrust does not require the force to accelerate the armature, thereby improving the operating speed and reducing the power consumption. Therefore, the present invention has the advantages of large thrust, fast operating speed, and low power consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0025] FIG1 is a schematic front cross-sectional view of a permanent magnet moving coil electromagnet according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] FIG2 is a schematic front view of a flexible support plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] FIG3 is a schematic front view of a right coil bobbin and a right outer magnetic yoke assembled together according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] FIG4 is a schematic partial enlarged view of A in FIG1 ;

[0029] FIG5 is a schematic partial enlarged view of B in FIG1 ;

[0030] FIG6 is a schematic partial enlarged view of F in FIG1 .

[0031] The symbols in the figure represent the following meanings: 100 permanent magnet moving coil electromagnet, 10 permanent magnet assembly, 20 coil assembly, 30 conductive assembly, 1 flexible support plate, 2 left outer yoke, 3 left inner yoke, 4 housing, 5 right end cover, 6 right coil bobbin, 7 right outer yoke, 8 right inner yoke, 9 coil, C mounting bolt, D left end cover, E threaded connection, G wire, H outer permanent magnet, I inner permanent magnet, J locking nut, K return spring, M left coil bobbin, U outlet terminal, V wiring terminal, Y insulating washer, Z ejector pin, 11 inner hole, 12 support arm, 31 first groove, 32 second protrusion, 33 circumferential groove, 81 first protrusion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are merely intended to illustrate the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may adjust these embodiments as needed to suit specific applications.

[0033] It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, terms such as "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer" indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. These are merely for ease of description and do not indicate or imply that the device or element described must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0034] Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integral connection; they may refer to direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediary. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0035] To meet ideal usage requirements and address the low thrust, slow motion, and high power consumption issues of existing technologies, the inventors, after years of innovative research and practice, have abandoned the design drawbacks of previous electromagnets. Leveraging theories such as Ampere's circuit theorem and the Lorentz right-hand rule, they have successfully developed a permanent magnet moving coil electromagnet 100 with an alternative, entirely new structure. Figure 1 is a schematic front cross-sectional view of a permanent magnet moving coil electromagnet according to one embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides a permanent magnet moving coil electromagnet 100, which generally includes: a permanent magnet assembly 10, a housing 4, a flexible support plate 1, a coil assembly 20, and a conductive assembly 30. The permanent magnet assembly 10 includes inner magnetic yokes (left inner magnetic yoke 3, right inner magnetic yoke 8), outer magnetic yokes (left outer magnetic yoke 2, right outer magnetic yoke 7), an inner permanent magnet I, and an outer permanent magnet H. The inner permanent magnet I and outer permanent magnet H are mounted in the inner and outer magnetic yokes, respectively, to form a closed magnetic circuit. A magnetic gap is defined between the inner permanent magnet I and outer permanent magnet H. The housing 4 fits over the outer permanent magnet H. Two outlet terminals U are spaced apart at the bottom end of the housing 4. A flexible support plate 1 is positioned on either side of the permanent magnet assembly 10. The coil assembly 20 includes a coil 9 and a coil bobbin. The coil 9 is wound around the coil bobbin, and the coil assembly 20 is supported by the flexible support plate 1. The coil assembly 20 is configured to be inserted into the magnetic gap. A conductive assembly 30 is secured to the inner side of the flexible support plate 1 via fasteners and insulating members. The conductive assembly 30 is configured to connect to the coil 9 for electrical conduction and is insulated from the housing 4 and the coil bobbin by insulating members.

[0036] In a specific implementation, the fastener may be a locking nut J, and the insulating member may be an insulating washer Y.

[0037] When the above technical solution is adopted, the permanent magnet moving coil electromagnet 100 of the present invention constructs a closed magnetic circuit through the permanent magnet assembly 10, and the armature in the prior art is replaced by a coil assembly 20 composed of a coil 9 and a coil skeleton, which is connected to the coil assembly 20 via a conductive assembly 30. Through the above technical solution, the mass of the energized coil 9 (particularly the aluminum wire) passing through the magnetic gap of the permanent magnet composed of the inner permanent magnet I and the outer permanent magnet H is much smaller than the mass of the armature. Since the magnetic gap is not related to the operating range of the permanent magnet moving coil electromagnet 100, it does not need to be designed to be too wide. Therefore, the magnetic gap of the present invention is reduced, which increases the thrust. Since the large mass of the armature is omitted, the force required to accelerate the armature is omitted for the same thrust, thereby improving the operating speed and reducing power consumption. Therefore, the present invention has the advantages of high thrust, fast operating speed, and low power consumption.

[0038] In addition, the present invention also has a larger magnetic flux area.

[0039] As a possible embodiment, as shown in FIG1 , there are two inner magnetic yokes, and the two inner magnetic yokes are plug-connected. Specifically, the inner magnetic yoke includes a left inner magnetic yoke 3 and a right inner magnetic yoke 8. In a specific implementation, a first groove 31 may be provided in the middle portion of the left inner magnetic yoke 3, and a first protrusion 81 matching the first groove 31 may be provided in the middle portion of the right inner magnetic yoke 8 to form a plug-in connection between the left inner magnetic yoke 3 and the right inner magnetic yoke 8. In other embodiments, referring to FIG1 , a first groove may be provided in the middle portion of the right inner magnetic yoke 8, and a first protrusion matching the groove may be provided in the middle portion of the left inner magnetic yoke 3 to form a plug-in connection between the left inner magnetic yoke 3 and the right inner magnetic yoke 8.

[0040] As one possible embodiment, as shown in FIG1 , a corresponding second protrusion 32 is provided on the outer wall of each inner magnetic yoke, each second protrusion 32 protruding radially outward. Specifically, the left inner magnetic yoke 3 and the right inner magnetic yoke 8 are provided with corresponding second protrusions 32, each of which is formed with a circumferential annular groove 33. The inner permanent magnets 1 are embedded in the exterior of the two inner magnetic yokes, that is, in the circumferential annular grooves 33.

[0041] As one possible embodiment, as shown in Figure 1 , there are two outer yokes, which are disposed on either side of the outer permanent magnet H and abut each other. The two outer yokes are also connected to the corresponding inner yokes. Specifically, the outer yokes include a left outer yoke 2 and a right outer yoke 7 . The ends of the left inner yoke 3 and the right inner yoke 8 are connected to the left outer yoke 2 and the right outer yoke 7 , forming a closed magnetic circuit.

[0042] As a possible implementation, as shown in FIG1 , the outer permanent magnet H is embedded in two outer magnetic yokes, namely, the left outer magnetic yoke 2 and the right outer magnetic yoke 7 .

[0043] In a specific implementation, the magnetic pole of the inner permanent magnet I close to the coil 9 can be the N pole, and the magnetic pole of the outer permanent magnet H close to the outer side of the coil 9 can be the S pole.

[0044] Figure 2 is a schematic front view of a flexible support plate according to an embodiment of the present invention. As a possible implementation, as shown in Figure 2 , the flexible support plate 1 has an inner hole 11 in the middle, and petal-shaped support arms 12 are provided around the inner hole 11 .

[0045] FIG3 is a schematic front view of the right coil bobbin and the right outer magnetic yoke of an embodiment of the present invention when assembled together. As a possible embodiment, as shown in FIG1 , and also referring to FIG3 , the coil bobbin includes a left coil bobbin M and a right coil bobbin 6, and the left coil bobbin M and the right coil bobbin 6 are plug-connected, and the right coil bobbin 6 is provided with a coil slot, and the coil 9 is wound in the coil slot. More specifically, the coil 9 is wound in the coil slot of the right coil bobbin 6 and plug-in combined with the left coil bobbin M in the magnetic gap relative to the outer permanent magnet H and the inner permanent magnet I, and is fixed to the inner hole 11 of the flexible support plate 1 connected to the left and right ends of the shell 4 by a locking nut J and an insulating washer Y. More specifically, the locking nut J is installed on the outside of the flexible support plate 1, and the insulating washer Y is installed on the inside and outside of the flexible support plate 1.

[0046] As a possible embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, the permanent magnet moving coil electromagnet 100 further includes a left end cap D and a right end cap 5. The left end cap D and the right end cap 5 correspond to the ends of the housing 4, and the corresponding coil bobbins extend into the left end cap D and the right end cap 5. Specifically, the left end cap D and the right end cap 5 are connected to the housing 4 via threaded connections E. The left end cap D is open at both ends, while the right end cap 5 is closed at one end and open at the other. The left coil bobbin M extends into the left end cap D, and the right coil bobbin 6 extends into the right end cap 5.

[0047] Figure 4 is a schematic partial enlarged view of A in Figure 1. Figure 5 is a schematic partial enlarged view of B in Figure 1. Figure 6 is a schematic partial enlarged view of F in Figure 1. As a possible embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, and also referring to Figures 4, 5 and 6, the conductive component 30 includes a terminal V and a wire G. The terminal V is arranged corresponding to the middle and edge of the flexible support plate 1, and the terminal V is connected to the coil 9 via the wire G. In specific implementation, the terminal V is pressed onto the inner side of the flexible support plate 1 by the left end cover D and the right end cover 5 through the connecting thread E and the locking nut J. At the same time, the coil 9 and the outlet terminal U are connected through the wire G and are insulated from the housing 4, the right coil skeleton 6 and the left coil skeleton M by the insulating gasket Y.

[0048] As a possible embodiment, as shown in FIG1 , the right end cap 5 has a right end cap inner hole. The coil bobbin includes an ejector pin Z. Specifically, the left coil bobbin M includes an ejector pin Z. The permanent magnet moving coil electromagnet 100 also includes a return spring K, which abuts against the end surface of the right coil bobbin 6 and the inner hole of the right end cap. More specifically, the two ends of the return spring K abut against the end surfaces of the locking nut J and the inner hole of the right end cap, respectively. This configures the permanent magnet moving coil electromagnet 100 as an ejector pin retracting electromagnet, and when powered off, the permanent magnet moving coil electromagnet 100 is in the ejector pin Z push-out position.

[0049] It should be noted that the electromagnet with the reset spring K installed belongs to the ejector retraction type, while the electromagnet without the reset spring K belongs to the ejector push type.

[0050] Referring to Figure 1, the structure of the mounting bolt C is a schematic diagram of a tubular connection type electromagnet, and the overall square four-bolt stop connection form is a plate flange connection type electromagnet. Different models can be adjusted according to industry standard connection dimensions. For this part, the present invention will no longer repeat the drawings.

[0051] Working process of the present invention

[0052] Taking the ejector pin retraction electromagnet of Figure 1 as an example, the magnetic pole of the inner permanent magnet I close to the coil 9 is the N pole, and the S pole of the outer permanent magnet H is close to the outside of the coil 9. When viewed from the left end of the permanent magnet moving coil electromagnet 100, the coil 9 is wound in a clockwise direction. The current enters from the left outlet terminal U, passes through the flexible support plate 1 and the connecting wire G on the left, and then flows out through the right outlet terminal U through the flexible support plate 1 and the connecting wire G on the right. At the same time, according to the principle of the Lorentz force right-hand law, the coil 9 obtains a macroscopic Ampere force moving to the right, driving the coil skeleton to move right to compress the reset spring K, thereby completing the retraction of the ejector pin Z.

[0053] It should be noted that compared with the ejector electromagnet, the energized working process of the ejector electromagnet requires reverse current to complete the ejection action of the ejector.

[0054] Thus far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principles of the present invention, those skilled in the art may make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after such changes or substitutions will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A permanent magnet moving coil electromagnet, characterized in that: include: A permanent magnet assembly (10) comprising inner and outer magnetic yokes and inner and outer permanent magnets (I, H), wherein the inner and outer permanent magnets (I, H) are correspondingly mounted in the inner and outer magnetic yokes and configured to form a closed magnetic circuit, and a magnetic gap is provided between the corresponding inner and outer permanent magnets (I, H); A housing (2) mounted on the outside of the outer permanent magnet (H); Flexible support plates (1) are arranged correspondingly on two sides of the permanent magnet assembly (10); A coil assembly (20), comprising a coil (9) and a coil frame, wherein the coil (9) is wound on the coil frame, the coil assembly (20) is supported by the flexible support plate (1), and the coil assembly (20) is configured to be inserted into the magnetic gap; and A conductive component (30) is fixed to the inner side of the flexible support plate (1) via a fastener and an insulating member, the conductive component (30) is configured to be connected to the coil (9) for conduction, and the conductive component (30) is insulated from the housing (2) and the coil frame via the insulating member.

2. The permanent magnet moving coil electromagnet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the inner magnetic yokes is two, and the two inner magnetic yokes are plug-connected.

3. The permanent magnet moving coil electromagnet according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner permanent magnet (I) is embedded outside the two inner magnetic yokes.

4. The permanent magnet moving coil electromagnet according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are two outer magnetic yokes, which are arranged on both sides of the outer permanent magnet (H) and abut against each other, and are also connected to the corresponding inner magnetic yokes.

5. The permanent magnet moving coil electromagnet according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer permanent magnet (H) is embedded inside the two outer magnetic yokes.

6. The permanent magnet moving coil electromagnet according to claim 1, characterized in that: An inner hole (11) is provided in the middle of the flexible support plate (1), and a petal-shaped support arm (12) is provided around the periphery of the inner hole (11).

7. The permanent magnet moving coil electromagnet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coil frame comprises a left coil frame (M) and a right coil frame (6), the left coil frame (M) and the right coil frame (6) are plug-connected, the right coil frame (6) is provided with a coil slot, and the coil (9) is wound in the coil slot.

8. The permanent magnet moving coil electromagnet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conductive component (30) comprises a connection terminal (V) and a wire (G); the connection terminal (V) is arranged corresponding to the middle and edge of the flexible support plate (1); and the connection terminal (V) is connected to the coil (9) via the wire (G).

9. The permanent magnet moving coil electromagnet according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The permanent magnet moving coil electromagnet (100) further comprises a left end cover (D) and a right end cover (5), wherein the left end cover (D) and the right end cover (5) correspond to two ends of the housing (2), and the corresponding coil skeletons extend into the left end cover (D) and the right end cover (5).

10. The permanent magnet moving coil electromagnet according to claim 9, characterized in that: The right end cover (5) has a right end cover inner hole, the coil frame includes a pin, and the permanent magnet moving coil electromagnet (100) also includes a reset spring (K), the reset spring (K) abuts against the end surfaces of the coil frame and the right end cover inner hole, so that the permanent magnet moving coil electromagnet (100) is constructed as a pin retracting electromagnet.

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