Tractor mounting device and tractor

Abstract

A tractor mounting device (80), comprising: a supporting base (1), provided with a mounting part (100) for fixedly connecting to a tractor; a traction pin shaft (2), which is provided with a mounted position and an unlocked position, wherein the traction pin shaft (2) is configured to be inserted into a pin hole of a coupler (90) when the traction pin shaft is in the mounted position, and is configured to be separated from the coupler (90) when the traction pin shaft is in the unlocked position; a linear driving mechanism, which is configured to drive the traction pin shaft (2) to rise from the mounted position to the unlocked position; a limiting member (4), which is configured to limit the traction pin shaft (2) to be in the unlocked position; and an unlocking member (5), which is configured to remove the limitation of the limiting member (4) on the traction pin shaft (2), such that the traction pin shaft (2) descends from the unlocked position to the mounted position under the action of gravity, the unlocking member (5) being configured to be pushed by the coupler (90) to drive the limiting member (4) to act so as to remove the limitation thereon. Further disclosed is a tractor. Automatic mounting of the traction pin shaft (2) and the coupler (90) can be achieved, thereby saving on labor costs and operation time, and eliminating potential safety hazards.

Description

Tractor mounting device and tractor Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to, but is not limited to, the technical field of tractors, and in particular to a tractor mounting device and a tractor. Background Art

[0002] At present, the mobile robots on the market mainly include fork-type mobile robots, lurking mobile robots and traction-type mobile robots. The main function of the traction-type mobile robot (referred to as the tractor) is to achieve large-scale long-distance material transportation by docking with the material truck. The mechanism connecting the tractor and the material truck is generally referred to as the tractor mounting device. Its main function is to connect the tractor and the material truck, and to achieve mounting and unloading between the tractor and the material truck as required. The currently commonly used mounting devices require manual mounting and unloading, which consumes a lot of time and labor costs. At the same time, the existing mounting devices cannot detect whether the material truck has been mounted in place, which can easily cause safety accidents.

[0003] Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application provides a tractor mounting device and a tractor.

[0005] The present application provides a tractor mounting device for connecting a tractor to a hook on a material vehicle, the tractor mounting device comprising: a support seat having a mounting portion for fixedly connecting to the tractor; a traction pin shaft arranged on the support seat and having a mounting position and an unlocking position, the traction pin shaft being configured to be inserted into a pin hole of the hook when in the mounting position and to be separated from the hook when in the unlocking position; a linear drive mechanism being arranged on the support seat for driving the traction pin shaft to rise from the mounting position to the unlocking position; a limiting member being arranged on the support seat for limiting the traction pin shaft to the unlocking position; and an unlocking member being arranged on the support seat for releasing the restriction of the traction pin shaft by the limiting member so that the traction pin shaft drops from the unlocking position to the mounting position under the action of gravity, wherein the unlocking member is configured to be pushed by the hook to drive the limiting member to move to release the restriction.

[0006] In the tractor mounting device of this application, a linear drive mechanism is used to drive the traction pin from the mounting position to the unlocked position, thereby completing the pre-mounting preparation. During the mounting operation, the unlocking member, pushed by the hook, drives the limiter to actuate, releasing the limiter's restraint on the traction pin. This allows the traction pin to descend from the unlocked position to the mounting position under the action of gravity, achieving automatic mounting of the traction pin and the hook. This process can be automated, saving labor costs and operating time while eliminating safety hazards.

[0007] Optionally, the support seat is provided with two opposite C-shaped baffles along the vertical direction, and the two C-shaped baffles are spaced apart from each other to define a slideway, and the traction pin shaft is slidably arranged in the slideway.

[0008] Optionally, the traction pin is provided with a rolling bearing adapted to the inner walls of the two C-shaped baffles. The C-shaped baffles and the rolling bearing cooperate to make the sliding of the traction pin more stable, so that when the traction pin slides downward under the action of gravity, it can be accurately inserted into the pin hole of the hook.

[0009] Optionally, the output end of the linear drive mechanism is provided with a connecting rod extending toward the traction pin shaft, the connecting rod has a push portion, and the traction pin shaft is provided with a push block located directly above the push portion.

[0010] Optionally, the support seat includes a base and a support frame fixed to the base, the support frame is provided with a slide rail along the vertical direction, and the connecting rod has a sliding portion slidably arranged on the slide rail.

[0011] Optionally, the support seat is provided with a supporting plate, and the limiting member includes: a base plate, rotatably provided on the supporting plate around a longitudinal axis; and a limiting plate, rotatably provided on the base plate around a transverse axis; wherein the traction pin is provided with a limiting protrusion adapted to the limiting plate, and the limiting protrusion presses against the upper surface of the limiting plate when the traction pin is in the unlocked position. When the traction pin rises, the limiting plate can avoid the limiting protrusion on the traction pin by rotating so that it rises to a certain height, and then the limiting plate rotates downward under the action of the elastic member to below the limiting protrusion, thereby limiting the limiting protrusion.

[0012] Optionally, a first elastic member is provided between the substrate and the support seat so that the substrate has a tendency to rotate about a first direction, and the support plate is provided with a limiting protrusion for limiting the extent of rotation of the substrate along the first direction; the unlocking member includes a movable plate slidably provided on the support seat and a push plate fixedly installed on the movable plate, and the push plate pushes the substrate to rotate along a second direction during the mounting process, and the second direction is opposite to the first direction. The first elastic member and the limiting protrusion are used to maintain the stability of the substrate relative to the support seat. When the substrate is rotated by the unlocking member, the limiting plate and the limiting protrusion are disengaged, allowing the traction pin to fall. The substrate can be restored to its original position under the action of the first elastic member and the limiting protrusion, so that the traction pin can be limited again by the limiting plate when the traction pin rises.

[0013] Optionally, the base plate is provided with a bearing for rotation, and the push plate applies pressure to the bearing during the mounting process. The push plate pushes the base plate to rotate by applying pressure to the bearing, which can reduce friction during pressure application and reduce wear, thereby extending the service life of the entire tractor mounting device.

[0014] Optionally, a second elastic member is provided between the movable plate and the support base to induce the movable plate to slide toward the hook. Although the base plate reacts on the movable plate during the resetting process to complete the resetting of the movable plate, considering the service life and resetting effect of the first elastic member, a second elastic member can also be provided to apply pressure to the movable plate to ensure a smooth resetting.

[0015] Optionally, the support seat includes a base and a support frame fixed to the base, the base having a bottom plate, the support frame having a support plate located above the bottom plate, a mounting chamber for the hook to enter formed between the bottom plate and the support plate; a first guide plate and a second guide plate are rotatably provided between the bottom plate and the support plate for guiding the hook into the mounting chamber, and the first guide plate and the second guide plate are both configured with a third elastic member so that the first guide plate and the second guide plate have a tendency to converge. Through the cooperation of the bottom plate, the support plate, the first guide plate and the second guide plate, a movable opening can be formed in the mounting chamber toward one end of the hook, thereby reducing the difficulty of operation and improving the success rate in the process of controlling the hook to extend into the mounting chamber.

[0016] Optionally, the base plate is further provided with a third guide plate and / or a fourth guide plate for guiding the hook to enter the mounting chamber.

[0017] Optionally, a photoelectric sensor is provided in the mounting chamber, and the photoelectric sensor is configured to be triggered when the hook is inserted into a set position in the mounting chamber. The photoelectric sensor can be used to detect whether the hook is inserted into the set position, so as to determine whether the mounting is successful.

[0018] Optionally, the base plate is fixedly provided with a first limiting protrusion on the inner side of the first guide plate and the second guide plate, and the base plate is movably provided with a second limiting protrusion on the outer side of the first guide plate and the second guide plate; the second limiting protrusion has an extended state and a retracted state, when the second limiting protrusion is in the extended state, it is higher than the upper surface of the base plate and limits the first guide plate and the second guide plate, and when the second limiting protrusion is in the retracted state, it is lower than the upper surface of the base plate.

[0019] Optionally, a carrying plate is provided below the base plate, a lifting plate is provided between the carrying plate and the base plate, the second limiting protrusion is fixed to the lifting plate, and a fourth elastic member is provided between the carrying plate and the lifting plate; the base plate is provided with a through hole for the second limiting protrusion to pass through, and when the traction pin is in the mounting position, the traction pin applies pressure to the lifting plate and causes the second limiting protrusion to be in the retracted state; when the traction pin is in the unlocking position, the second limiting protrusion is in the extended state due to the pressure applied by the fourth elastic member. A fixed first limiting protrusion and a movable second limiting protrusion are provided, so that when the hook is extended into the mounting chamber, the first limiting protrusion and the second limiting protrusion are used to limit the movement of the first guide plate and the second guide plate, so that the first guide plate and the second guide plate play a guiding role; after successful mounting, the traction pin applies pressure to the lifting plate and causes the second limiting protrusion to be in the retracted state, so that the first guide plate and the second guide plate can move outward, and will not affect turning and other movements during the trolley being towed.

[0020] Optionally, the traction pin is provided with a handle. In this way, when the linear drive mechanism fails, the traction pin can also be manually operated by the handle to drive the traction pin to rise to the unlocking position.

[0021] In addition, the present application further provides a tractor, comprising a vehicle body and any of the above-described tractor mounting devices, wherein the tractor mounting device is fixedly mounted to the vehicle body via the mounting portion. The tractor provided in the present application has similar beneficial effects as the above-described tractor mounting devices, and will not be further described herein.

[0022] These features and advantages of the present application will be disclosed in detail in the following detailed description and accompanying drawings. The embodiments and means of the present application will be described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but are not intended to limit the present application. Furthermore, although multiple features, elements, and components may be present in each of the following text and accompanying drawings, they may be labeled with different symbols or numbers for convenience, but all represent components with the same or similar structure or function. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The present application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a tractor mounting device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0025] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of an application of a tractor mounting device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0026] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of the base according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0027] FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of a support frame according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0028] FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of the traction pin shaft according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0029] FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of a position-limiting member according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0030] FIG7 is a schematic structural diagram of an unlocking member according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0031] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the limiting member, the unlocking member and the support frame according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0032] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the guide plate and the support seat according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0033] FIG10 is a schematic structural diagram of the lifting plate according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0034] Description of Reference Numerals

[0035] 1. Support seat, 10. Base, 100. Mounting portion, 101. Bottom plate, 1010. First limiting protrusion, 1011. Shaft hole, 102. Carrying plate, 12. Support frame, 120. C-shaped baffle, 121. Slide rail, 122. Support plate, 1220. Limiting protrusion, 123. First elastic member, 124. Support plate, 125. Oil-free bushing, 2. Traction pin, 20. Pin segment, 21. Connecting seat, 210. Rolling bearing, 211. Limiting protrusion, 212. Push block, 213. Handle, 3. Electric push rod, 30. Connecting rod, 300. Sliding portion, 301. Pushing portion, 4. Limiting member, 40. Base plate, 400. Locking portion, 401. Bearing, 402. Shaft mounting hole, 41. Limiting plate, 5. Unlocking member, 50. Movable plate, 500. First mounting column, 51. Push plate, 510. Actuating part, 6. Guide plate, 60. Left guide plate, 61. Right guide plate, 62. Lower guide plate, 63. Third elastic member, 7. Lifting plate, 70. Second limiting protrusion, 71. Second mounting column, 710. Fourth elastic member, 8. Vehicle body, 80. Tractor mounting device, 9. Material cart, 90. Hook. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following describes in detail embodiments of the present application, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments in the detailed description are intended to be used to explain the present application and are not to be construed as limiting the present application.

[0037] References in this specification to "one embodiment," "an example," or "an example" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment itself can be included in at least one embodiment disclosed herein. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment.

[0038] Currently, the transporters (also known as mobile robots, AGVs (Automated Guided Vehicles)) on the market mainly include three types: traction transporters, pallet transporters, and forklift transporters. Among them, the traction transporter (abbreviated as tractor) can be used as a traction force to pull the material cart with materials placed on it to move the material cart. Generally, a hook is set on the material cart, and the tractor and the hook are connected together by a mounting device. The tractor mounting device includes a pin shaft, and a pin hole is set on the hook of the material cart. When the tractor needs to be connected to the hook together (mounting operation), the pin shaft is inserted into the pin hole; after the tractor completes the traction work, the pin shaft is removed from the pin hole, and the tractor can be separated from the hook (unloading operation). Currently, most tractor mounting devices require manual operation for mounting and unloading, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive and poses safety hazards.

[0039] In view of this, an embodiment of the present application provides a tractor mounting device 80. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the tractor mounting device 80 is used to connect the tractor body 8 to the hook 90 on the material cart 9. During use, the tractor mounting device 80 is installed on the tractor body 8, and then the tractor body 8 is moved to dock and mount the tractor mounting device 80 with the hook 90 (that is, the traction pin in the tractor mounting device is inserted into the pin hole on the hook). In this way, the tractor can tow and drive the material cart to move with the tractor. The tractor mounting device 80 includes a support base 1 and multiple components arranged on the support base 1, including a mounting portion 100, a traction pin 2, an electric push rod 3, a limiter 4, and an unlocking member 5. The mounting portion 100 is used to be fixedly connected to the tractor. The traction pin 2 has a mounting position and an unlocking position. The traction pin 2 is configured to be inserted into the pin hole of the hook 90 when in the mounting position and to be separated from the hook 90 when in the unlocking position. The electric push rod 3 is used to drive the traction pin 2 from the mounted position to the unlocked position. Specifically, after the tractor completes the towing operation, the electric push rod 3 drives the traction pin 2 out of the pin hole of the hook 90 and into the unlocked position. The limiter 4 is used to restrain the traction pin 2 in the unlocked position. The unlocking member 5 is used to release the restraint of the limiter 4 on the traction pin 2, allowing the traction pin 2 to descend from the unlocked position to the mounted position under the action of gravity. The unlocking member 5 is configured to be pushed by the hook 90 to actuate the limiter 4 to release the restraint of the traction pin 2. When the towing operation is not required, the traction pin 2 remains in the unlocked position. When the towing operation is required (i.e., when the traction pin 2 needs to be inserted into the pin hole of the hook 90), the unlocking member 5 releases the restraint of the limiter 4 on the traction pin 2. Thus, during the mounting operation, the traction pin 2 only needs to be raised once, and then restrained in the unlocked position by the limiter 4, which saves time during the mounting operation.

[0040] In this embodiment, the support base 1 includes a base 10 and a support frame 12 fixed to the base 10. The base 10 and support frame 12 can be fixed together by bolts and threaded connections. The support frame 12 is provided with a slideway along the vertical direction, and the traction pin 2 is slidably mounted within the slideway. In addition, the base 10 includes a bottom plate 101 and a mounting portion 100 fixed to the bottom plate 101. In this embodiment, the mounting portion 100 can be plate-shaped and can be provided with through holes for bolts to pass through. During use, the tractor mounting device is threadedly connected to the tractor body 8 by bolts passing through the through holes in the mounting portion 100. It will be readily understood that in other embodiments, the mounting portion and the tractor body can also be fixed by welding, clamping, or other methods. However, the threaded connection in this embodiment has the advantage of easy disassembly. It should also be noted that in this embodiment, an electric push rod is used to drive the traction pin from the mounting position to the unlocked position. In other embodiments, other linear drive mechanisms can also be used to drive the traction pin.

[0041] In the tractor mounting device of the present application, the linear drive mechanism can be used to drive the traction pin 2 from the mounting position to the unlocked position, thereby completing the preparation before mounting. During the mounting operation, the unlocking member 5 is pushed by the hook, driving the limit member 4 to move, thereby releasing the limit member 4 from the restriction on the traction pin 2, so that the traction pin 2 can be lowered from the unlocked position to the mounting position under the action of gravity. In this way, the traction pin 2 can be automatically mounted and separated from the hook, saving labor costs and operation time while eliminating safety hazards. As mentioned above, during the mounting operation, the traction pin 2 only needs to be raised once, and then it can be restricted to the unlocked position by the limit member 4, which saves time for the mounting operation.

[0042] As shown in Figures 3, 4, and 5, the base 10 has a bottom plate 101, and the support frame 12 has a support plate 124 located above the bottom plate 101. A mounting chamber for the hook to enter is formed between the bottom plate 101 and the support plate 124. The support plate 124 is located below the slide and has a through hole for the traction pin 2 to pass through. Two opposing C-shaped baffles 120 are arranged in the vertical direction on the support plate 124. The two C-shaped baffles 120 are spaced apart from each other to define the slide, and the traction pin 2 is slidably arranged in the slide. The traction pin 2 includes a pin section 20 and a connecting seat 21 fixed to the pin section 20. A rolling bearing 210 is provided on the connecting seat 21 to match the inner wall of the C-shaped baffle 120. In this embodiment, rolling bearings 210 are disposed on opposite sides of the connecting seat 21, each adapted to mate with the corresponding C-shaped baffle 120. Three sets of rolling bearings 210 are provided on each side, with each set comprising two rolling bearings 210. As will be readily understood, the inner wall of the C-shaped baffle 120 includes a bottom wall and sidewalls located on either side of the bottom wall. One set of the three rolling bearings 210 is in rolling contact with the bottom wall, while the other two sets of rolling bearings 210 are in rolling contact with the sidewalls. The coordination between the C-shaped baffle 120 and the rolling bearings 210 further stabilizes the sliding motion of the traction pin 2, ensuring that the traction pin 2 can be accurately inserted into the pin hole of the hook as it slides downward under the force of gravity. Furthermore, to reduce sliding friction on the traction pin 2, an oil-free bushing 125 is disposed at the bottom of the slideway, through which the lower portion of the pin section 20 of the traction pin 2 passes.

[0043] In this embodiment, the electric push rod 3 is fixedly mounted on the base 10. Specifically, a U-shaped mounting frame is fixedly provided below the base plate 101, and a corresponding avoidance hole for avoiding the electric push rod 3 is provided on the base plate 101. The electric push rod 3 is fixedly mounted on the U-shaped mounting frame and the upper end of the electric push rod 3 can extend from the avoidance hole. This design can make full use of space and reduce the overall height of the tractor mounting device. Furthermore, in this embodiment, a connecting rod 30 facing the traction pin 2 is also provided at the output end of the electric push rod 3. The connecting rod 30 is configured to be able to contact the traction pin 2 and push the traction pin 2 to the unlocked position when it is driven to rise by the electric push rod 3. It should be noted here that in this embodiment, the connecting rod 30 is configured to be able to contact the traction pin 2 rather than fixing the connecting rod 30 and the traction pin 2 together. Specifically, the connecting rod 30 has a push portion 301. A push block 212 is provided on the connection base 21 of the traction pin 2, adapted to the push portion 301. The push block 212 is located directly above the push portion 301. When the connecting rod 30 is driven upward until it contacts the push block 212, it can apply force to the push block 212, thereby driving the traction pin 2 upward. Thus, when the traction pin 2 needs to be separated from the hook, the electric push rod 3 drives the connecting rod 30 upward and applies force to the push block 212, thereby driving the traction pin 2 upward until it reaches the unlocked position. Afterwards, the electric push rod 3 can immediately lower the connecting rod 30, preparing for subsequent mounting (the connecting rod 30 will not hinder the descent of the traction pin 2), saving time in the mounting operation. To ensure that the connecting rod 30 remains stable during the lifting process, in this embodiment, a slide rail 121 is provided vertically on the support frame 12. The connecting rod 30 has a sliding portion 300 that slides on the slide rail 121.

[0044] With reference to Figures 6, 7, and 8, the structure and operating principle of the limiting member 4 and unlocking member 5 in this embodiment are described below. In this embodiment, the limiting member 4 includes a base plate 40 and a limiting plate 41. To facilitate assembly of the limiting member 4, the support frame 12 in this embodiment is provided with a support plate 122, on which the base plate 40 is rotatably mounted. Specifically, a rotating shaft is provided on the support plate 122, and a rotating shaft mounting hole 402 is provided on the base plate 40 to rotatably engage with the rotating shaft. For ease of description, the axis of the rotating shaft or the rotating shaft mounting hole 402 is referred to as the longitudinal axis, and the base plate 40 is rotatably mounted on the support plate 122 about the longitudinal axis. In this embodiment, the limiting plate 41 is rotatably mounted on the base plate 40 about a transverse axis. A limiting protrusion 211 is provided on the connecting seat 21 of the traction pin 2, which is compatible with the limiting plate 41. Because the limit plate 41 is rotatably connected to the base plate 40, during the upward movement of the traction pin 2, the limit protrusion 211 pushes the limit plate 41, causing it to rotate, thereby allowing the limit plate 41 to avoid the limit protrusion 211 and allowing it to continue to rise to a height above the limit plate 41. In this embodiment, a torsion spring (not shown) is further provided between the limit plate 41 and the base plate 40 to force the limit plate 41 to rotate downward. In this manner, after the limit protrusion 211 rises to a height above the limit plate 41, the limit plate 41 will rotate downward and return to its original position due to the loss of the thrust of the limit protrusion 211. In this embodiment, the base plate 40 further includes a stopper 400. When the limit plate 41 rotates downward to be parallel to the base plate 40, it abuts against the stopper 400. This stops the stopper 400, thereby restricting the limit plate 41, and thus the limit plate 41 can restrict the limit protrusion 211. With the above design, after the electric push rod 3 pushes the traction pin 2 to a preset highest position via the connecting rod 30, the electric push rod 3 drives the connecting rod 30 to descend back to its original position. The traction pin 2 falls after losing the thrust of the connecting rod 30. At this time, the limit plate 41 is located below the limit protrusion 211. After the traction pin 2 falls a short distance, the limit protrusion 211 presses against the limit plate 41, and the limit plate 41 restricts the traction pin 2, keeping the traction pin 2 in the unlocked position. Alternatively, a limit structure for limiting the upward rotation range of the limit plate can be provided on the base plate. The limit structure restricts the limit plate from rotating perpendicular to the base plate. In this way, the limit plate always remains tilted relative to the base plate during the process of rotating relative to the base plate under the push of the limit protrusion. In this way, after the limit protrusion rises to a height higher than the limit plate, the limit plate can also rotate downward and reset under the action of gravity due to the loss of the thrust of the limit protrusion. It is easy to understand that a guide surface can be provided on the limiting protrusion 211 to facilitate the above-mentioned action process.

[0045] The unlocking member 5 in this embodiment comprises a movable plate 50 slidably mounted on the base 10 and a push plate 51 fixedly mounted on the movable plate 50. A first elastic member 123 is disposed between the base 40 and the support frame 12 to allow the base 40 to rotate in a first predetermined direction. Furthermore, the support plate 122 is provided with a limiting protrusion 1220 to limit the extent of rotation of the base 40 in the first predetermined direction. In this embodiment, the first elastic member 123 is a tension spring that is always in tension, i.e., it constantly applies tension to the base 40. However, the limiting protrusion 1220 maintains the base 40 in a stable position relative to the support frame 12. During docking and mounting, the hook extends into the mounting chamber. As the hook moves forward relative to the tractor, it pushes against the movable plate 50. The movable plate 50, driven by the hook, drives the push plate 51 to move along with it. The push plate 51 is formed with an actuating portion 510. The actuating portion 510, in turn, drives the base plate 40 to rotate in a second set direction, which is opposite to the first set direction. As the base plate 40 rotates, it drives the limit plate 41 to rotate synchronously, thereby disengaging the limit plate 41 from the limit protrusion 211, releasing the limit plate 41 from its restraint on the traction pin 2. Because the second set direction is opposite to the first set direction, the tension spring is further stretched during the docking and mounting process. Therefore, when the docking and mounting is completed, as the tractor moves forward, carrying the material vehicle with it, the hook moves backward relative to the tractor. After the hook's push is lost, the tension spring exerts a tensile force on the base plate 40, driving the base plate 40 to rotate and return to its original position in the first set direction. It is readily understood that those skilled in the art can readily conceive of simple modifications based on the principles and concepts of the disclosed structure. For example, when viewed from a top-down perspective, the tension spring in this embodiment causes the base plate to rotate counterclockwise, meaning the first set direction is counterclockwise. However, in other embodiments, the first set direction can be designed to be clockwise by simply changing the relative positions of the tension spring, the stopper, and the unlocking member. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the base plate 40 is fixedly provided with a longitudinal axis, which is rotatably provided with a bearing 401. The actuator 510 applies pressure to the bearing 401 during the mounting process. By applying pressure to the bearing 401, the actuator 510 pushes the base plate 40 to rotate, which can reduce friction during the application of pressure, reduce wear, and thus extend the service life of the entire tractor mounting device.

[0046] Although the base plate 40 reacts against the movable plate 50 during the reset process, allowing the movable plate 50 to complete the reset, considering the service life and reset effect of the first elastic member 123, in this embodiment, a second elastic member (not shown) is further provided between the movable plate 50 and the support frame 12 to allow the movable plate 50 to slide toward the hook. In this embodiment, a first mounting post 500 is provided on the movable plate 50, and the second elastic member is a spring that is sleeved on the first mounting post 500.

[0047] As shown in Figure 9, to reduce the difficulty of the mounting operation and improve the success rate of mounting, in this embodiment, a left guide plate 60 and a right guide plate 61 are rotatably disposed between the base plate 101 and the support plate 124 to guide the hook into the mounting chamber. Both the left and right guide plates 60 and 61 are equipped with a third elastic member 63 to force them to converge. In this embodiment, the third elastic member 63 is a torsion spring. The coordination of the base plate 101, the support plate 124, the left guide plate 60, and the right guide plate 61 creates a movable opening in the mounting chamber toward one end of the hook. This reduces the difficulty of controlling the hook's insertion into the mounting chamber and improves the success rate. Furthermore, in this embodiment, a lower guide plate 62 is also disposed on the base plate 101 to guide the hook into the mounting chamber. It is understood that in other embodiments, an upper guide plate may be provided instead of a lower guide plate, or both an upper guide plate and a lower guide plate may be provided.

[0048] In this embodiment, the bottom plate 101 is fixedly provided with first limiting protrusions 1010 on the inner sides of both the left guide plate 60 and the right guide plate 61. Furthermore, the bottom plate 101 is movably provided with second limiting protrusions 70 on the outer sides of both the left guide plate 60 and the right guide plate 61. The second limiting protrusions 70 have an extended state and a retracted state. In the extended state, the second limiting protrusions 70 are higher than the upper surface of the bottom plate 101 and limit the position of the left guide plate 60 and the right guide plate 61. In the retracted state, the second limiting protrusions 70 are lower than the upper surface of the bottom plate 101. Specifically, as shown in FIG10 , a supporting plate 102 is provided below the bottom plate 101. A lifting plate 7 is provided between the supporting plate 102 and the bottom plate 101. A fourth elastic member 710 is provided between the supporting plate 102 and the lifting plate 7. The fourth elastic member 710 applies force to the lifting plate 7, causing the lifting plate 7 to move toward the bottom plate 101. The second limiting protrusions 70 are fixed to the lifting plate 7. Specifically, in this embodiment, a second mounting post 71 is provided below the lifting plate 7, and a fourth elastic member 710 is a spring sleeved on the second mounting post 71. The base plate 101 is provided with a through-hole for the second limiting protrusion 70 to pass through, and an axial hole 1011 for the lower end of the traction pin 2 to pass through. When the traction pin 2 is in the mounting position, the bottom end of the traction pin 2 applies pressure to the lifting plate 7, causing the second limiting protrusion 70 to retract. When the traction pin 2 is in the unlocking position, the lifting plate 7 rises under the action of the fourth elastic member 710, causing the second limiting protrusion 70 to extend. A fixed first limiting protrusion 1010 and a movable second limiting protrusion 70 are provided, so that when the hook is extended into the mounting chamber, the first limiting protrusion 1010 and the second limiting protrusion 70 are used to limit the movement of the left guide plate 60 and the right guide plate 61, so that the left guide plate 60 and the right guide plate 61 play a guiding role; after the mounting is successful, the bottom end of the traction pin shaft 2 is used to apply pressure to the lifting plate 7 and make the second limiting protrusion 70 in a retracted state, so that the left guide plate 60 and the right guide plate 61 can move outward, and will not affect the turning and other actions during the traction of the material cart.

[0049] In this embodiment, a photoelectric sensor is provided within the mounting chamber, and the photoelectric sensor is configured to be triggered when the hook is inserted into a set position within the mounting chamber. As previously mentioned, after successful docking and mounting, the front end of the hook (the end of the hook facing the tractor) is further into the mounting chamber relative to the traction pin 2. By pre-testing the position where the front end of the hook penetrates into the mounting chamber when docking and mounting are successful, a photoelectric sensor is provided at the corresponding position. In this way, the photoelectric sensor can be used to detect whether the hook is fully inserted into the mounting chamber, thereby determining whether docking and mounting are successful.

[0050] In order to cope with the situation of accidental failure of the electric push rod 3, a handle 213 is provided on the traction pin shaft 2 in this embodiment, and the handle 213 is fixedly installed on the connecting seat 21. In this way, in the event of failure of the electric push rod 3, the traction pin shaft 2 can also be manually operated by the handle 213 to drive the traction pin shaft 2 to rise to the unlocked position.

[0051] The above are only specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present application includes but is not limited to the contents described in the drawings and the above specific embodiments. Any modifications that do not deviate from the functional and structural principles of the present application are included within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A tractor mounting device, used to connect a tractor with a hook on a material vehicle, the tractor mounting device comprising: A support seat (1) having a mounting portion (100) for fixedly connecting to the tractor; A traction pin shaft (2) is arranged on the support seat (1) and has a mounting position and an unlocking position. The traction pin shaft (2) is configured to be inserted into the pin hole of the hook when located at the mounting position and to be separated from the hook when located at the unlocking position. A linear drive mechanism, arranged on the support seat (1), and used for driving the traction pin shaft (2) to rise from the mounting position to the unlocking position; A limiting member (4) is arranged on the support seat (1) and is used to limit the traction pin shaft (2) to the unlocking position; as well as An unlocking member (5) is arranged on the support seat (1) and is used to release the restriction of the limiting member (4) on the traction pin (2) so that the traction pin (2) can be lowered from the unlocking position to the mounting position under the action of gravity. Wherein, the unlocking member (5) is configured to be able to be pushed by the hook to drive the limiting member (4) to move so as to release the restriction.

2. The tractor mounting device according to claim 1, wherein: The support seat (1) is provided with two opposite C-shaped baffles (120) in the vertical direction. The two C-shaped baffles (120) are arranged at a distance from each other to define a slideway, and the traction pin shaft (2) is slidably arranged in the slideway.

3. The tractor mounting device according to claim 2, wherein: The traction pin shaft (2) is provided with a rolling bearing (210) adapted to the inner walls of the two C-shaped baffles (120).

4. The tractor mounting device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: The output end of the linear drive mechanism is provided with a connecting rod (30) extending toward the traction pin shaft (2), the connecting rod (30) having a push portion (301), and the traction pin shaft (2) is provided with a push block (212) located directly above the push portion (301).

5. The tractor mounting device according to claim 4, wherein: The support seat (1) comprises a base (10) and a support frame (12) fixed to the base (10); the support frame (12) is provided with a slide rail (121) in a vertical direction; and the connecting rod (30) has a sliding portion (300) slidably arranged on the slide rail (121).

6. The tractor mounting device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: The support seat (1) is provided with a supporting plate (122), and the limiting member (4) comprises: A base plate (40) is rotatably disposed on the supporting plate (122) around a longitudinal axis; and A limiting plate (41) is rotatably arranged on the base plate (40) around a transverse axis; The traction pin shaft (2) is provided with a limiting protrusion (211) adapted to the limiting plate (41). The limiting protrusion (211) presses against the upper surface of the limiting plate (41) when the traction pin shaft (2) is located in the unlocking position.

7. The tractor mounting device according to claim 6, wherein: A first elastic member (123) is provided between the base plate (40) and the support seat (1) so that the base plate (40) has a tendency to rotate about a first direction, and the support plate (122) is provided with a limiting convex column (1220) for limiting the degree of rotation of the base plate (40) along the first direction; The unlocking member (5) comprises a movable plate (50) slidably arranged on the support seat (1) and a push plate (51) fixedly mounted on the movable plate (50), wherein the push plate (51) pushes the base plate (40) to rotate along a second direction during the mounting process, and the second direction is opposite to the first direction.

8. The tractor mounting device according to claim 7, wherein: The base plate (40) is rotatably provided with a bearing (401), and the push plate (51) applies pressure to the bearing (401) during the mounting process.

9. The tractor mounting device according to claim 7 or 8, wherein: A second elastic member is provided between the movable plate (50) and the support seat (1) so that the movable plate (50) has a tendency to slide towards the hook.

10. The tractor mounting device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: The support seat (1) comprises a base (10) and a support frame (12) fixed to the base (10), the base (10) having a bottom plate (101), the support frame (12) having a support plate (124) located above the bottom plate (101), and a mounting chamber for the hook to enter is formed between the bottom plate (101) and the support plate (124); A first guide plate (60) and a second guide plate (61) are rotatably arranged between the bottom plate (101) and the support plate (124) for guiding the hook to enter the mounting chamber, and the first guide plate (60) and the second guide plate (61) are both provided with a third elastic member (63) so that the first guide plate (60) and the second guide plate (61) have a tendency to converge.

11. The tractor-mounted device according to claim 10, wherein: The bottom plate (101) is also provided with a third guide plate and / or a fourth guide plate (62) for guiding the hook to enter the mounting chamber.

12. The tractor mounting device according to claim 10 or 11, wherein: A photoelectric sensor is disposed in the mounting chamber, and the photoelectric sensor is configured to be triggered when the hook is extended into a set position in the mounting chamber.

13. The tractor-mounted device according to any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein: The bottom plate (101) is fixedly provided with a first limiting protrusion (1010) on the inner side of the first guide plate (60) and the second guide plate (61), and the bottom plate (101) is movably provided with a second limiting protrusion (70) on the outer side of the first guide plate (60) and the second guide plate (61); The second limiting protrusion (70) has an extended state and a retracted state. The second limiting protrusion (70) is in a In the extended state, the protrusion (70) is higher than the upper surface of the bottom plate (101) and limits the first guide plate (60) and the second guide plate (61); and in the retracted state, the second limiting protrusion (70) is lower than the upper surface of the bottom plate (101).

14. The tractor-mounted device according to claim 13, wherein: A carrying plate (102) is arranged below the bottom plate (101), a lifting plate (7) is arranged between the carrying plate (102) and the bottom plate (101), the second limiting protrusion (70) is fixed to the lifting plate (7), and a fourth elastic member (710) is arranged between the carrying plate (102) and the lifting plate (7); The bottom plate (101) is provided with a through hole for the second limiting protrusion (70) to pass through; when the traction pin shaft (2) is located at the mounting position, the traction pin shaft (2) applies pressure to the lifting plate (7) and causes the second limiting protrusion (70) to be in the retracted state; when the traction pin shaft (2) is located at the unlocking position, the second limiting protrusion (70) is in the extended state due to the pressure applied by the fourth elastic member (710).

15. The tractor-mounted device according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein: The traction pin shaft (2) is provided with a handle (213).

16. A tractor, comprising a vehicle body and a tractor mounting device according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the tractor mounting device is fixedly mounted on the vehicle body via the mounting portion (100).

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