Excitation combination structure and brushless electric motor applying same

Abstract

Provided in the present invention is an excitation combination structure, comprising two magnets and a winding consisting of wires, wherein the two magnets are respectively a fixed magnet and a movable magnet, the winding is located between the two magnets and is attached to an adjacent surface of the fixed magnet, and the winding is connected to a power source, a sensor and a control circuit. A brushless electric motor manufactured by using the excitation combination structure comprises a stator, a rotor, a winding, a power source, an induction control circuit, etc., wherein the rotor is mainly composed of a permanent magnet group and an electric motor spindle, the stator is mainly composed of a permanent magnet group and a winding arranged on an adjacent surface of the stator relative to the rotor, and the winding is connected to the power source, a magnetic-induction or light-sensation sensor and a control circuit, and is attached to a stator permanent magnet; and an electromagnetic force generated by the winding is mainly used for overcoming a repulsive force barrier, and the main work done by the electric motor is generated by an inherent repulsive force between the permanent magnet groups of the rotor and the stator of the electric motor.

Description

A brushless motor with an excitation combination structure and its application Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of electric motors. Background Art

[0002] Since the birth of the first electric motor in the 19th century, electric motors have become one of the cornerstones driving the development of the entire industry. This field has experienced a very comprehensive development, including high-voltage, low-voltage, variable-frequency, speed-regulating, synchronous, asynchronous, brushed, and brushless motors. Their basic structure is divided into a rotor and a stator. The current is converted into a magnetic field through windings composed of wires. The principle of magnetic field repulsion and attraction between opposite poles is used to control the transformation of the two poles of the magnetic field to drive the rotor to operate and produce work. The difference is that both the stator and the rotor are composed of windings or windings and permanent magnets. The core principle is that to obtain the required power, the corresponding electricity must be provided to the windings to generate electromagnetic force and form a repulsive force with the corresponding magnetic poles. Technical issues

[0003] Data analysis indicates that approximately 70% of the world's annual electricity is used to drive various electric motors. Numerous attempts have been made to generate power by using both permanent magnets in the stator and rotor. However, this method, which generates power due to repulsion between the same magnets in the rotational path, is counteracted by the repulsive force created by the barrier ahead, preventing operation. This has been a challenge for many. Technical Solutions

[0004] To overcome the repulsive barrier problem in existing excitation structures, the present invention provides a groundbreaking excitation combination structure. When applied to brushless motors, this structure can overcome the repulsive barrier in the rotational path, generating cyclic work when both the stator and rotor are permanent magnets. The power is primarily generated by the repulsion between the adjacent surfaces of the rotor and stator permanent magnets. The novel excitation combination structure provided by the present invention incorporates a controllable conductor winding between the two layers of magnets.

[0005] The excitation combination structure includes two layers of magnet groups, a fixed magnet group and a moving magnet group, and a layer of winding composed of a conductor. The winding is connected to the power supply, sensor and control circuit. The winding is attached to the outer adjacent surface (working surface) of the fixed magnet group between the two layers of magnets, leaving a small gap with the surface of the moving magnet group.

[0006] The brushless motor made of the excitation combination structure includes a stator, a rotor, a winding, a power supply, a sensor, a control circuit, etc.; the rotor is mainly composed of a permanent magnet group and a motor main shaft, and the stator is mainly composed of a permanent magnet group and a thin winding arranged outside the adjacent surface of the stator and the rotor, and the winding includes enameled wire, silicon steel sheet, insulating wire frame, etc.; the winding is connected to the power supply, sensor and control circuit, and the sensor is a magnetic or light sensor such as a Hall sensor; the difference from traditional brushless motors is that the magnetic poles of traditional motors generally need to be made into multiples of 3 to form a push, empty, and pull structure, which is not very efficient; while the brushless motor made of the excitation combination structure does not need this and can also form a push and pull structure.

[0007] There are many types of brushless motors made with the excitation combination structure. The first type: the stator permanent magnet group and the rotor permanent magnet group are both composed of subdivided magnetic poles. The number of subdivided magnetic poles on both is the same and is a multiple of two. Both are arranged with one positive and one negative magnetic pole on the adjacent surface (work surface). Each magnetic pole of the stator permanent magnet group corresponds to two groups of subdivided windings.

[0008] The second type of brushless motor made of the excitation combination structure is different from the first type in that each magnetic pole on the stator permanent magnet group corresponds to a group of subdivided windings. The other structures are the same. The disadvantage is that it is prone to reversal.

[0009] The third type of brushless motor made with the excitation combination structure is a power-enhanced version of the first type. Both the stator permanent magnet group and the rotor permanent magnet group are composed of subdivided magnetic poles. The number of subdivided magnetic poles in both is a multiple of two, and both are arranged with one positive and one negative magnetic pole on the adjacent surface (work surface). The stator permanent magnet group is one group, and the rotor permanent magnet group is two groups. They are connected in series along the axial direction of the motor main shaft. The sum of the axial heights of the two groups of rotor permanent magnet groups is equivalent to that of one group of stator permanent magnet group. There are also two groups of stator windings, which are connected in series along the axial direction of the motor main shaft and correspond to the rotor permanent magnets. Each stator magnetic pole corresponds to two groups of subdivided windings. The advantage of this motor is high power.

[0010] The fourth type of brushless motor made with the excitation combination structure described above has a stator permanent magnet group with only one magnetic pole, on which a plurality of subdivided windings are arranged, and the number of rotor magnetic poles is a multiple of two, distributed symmetrically along the radial direction of the motor main axis, and the rotor magnetic poles repel the adjacent surfaces of the stator magnetic poles. The disadvantage is that the energy consumption is relatively high;

[0011] Of course, there are other combination structures, but the basic structure remains unchanged, that is, adding a controllable winding composed of conductors between two layers of magnets;

[0012] Since the electromagnetic force generated by the stator winding in the brushless motor made with the excitation combination structure described in the present invention is mainly used to break through the repulsive barrier, and the main work is generated by the mutual repulsive force of the adjacent surfaces of the rotor permanent magnet and the stator permanent magnet, the radial thickness of the stator winding in the motor can be made very thin, and it only needs to generate about 20% of the electromagnetic force of the traditional motor winding. The rest is similar to the traditional motor, and the electromagnetic force is provided by the circuit controlled by magnetic induction or light induction sensors, but the control logic is different. Beneficial effects

[0013] It can generate the same power as the original motor with less power consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] FIG1 is a motion principle diagram of the excitation combination structure of the present invention;

[0015] FIG2 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of an inner rotor brushless motor made of an excitation combination structure according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] FIG3 is a perspective schematic diagram of an inner rotor brushless motor made of an excitation combination structure according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] FIG4 is a perspective schematic diagram of an inner rotor brushless motor manufactured by an excitation combination structure according to a specific embodiment of the present invention in an open state;

[0018] FIG5 is a perspective view of a double-series rotor open state of an inner-rotor brushless motor manufactured by an excitation combination structure according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] FIG6 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of a single-pole outer rotor brushless motor made of an excitation combination structure according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] FIG7 is a perspective schematic diagram of a core component of a single-pole outer rotor brushless motor made of an excitation combination structure according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Among them, 1. Moving magnet group (in the motor, it is: rotor permanent magnet group); 2. Fixed magnet group (in the motor, it is: stator permanent magnet group); 3. Winding (in the motor, it is: thin winding); 4. Sensor sensing point; 5. Power supply wire; 6. Motor main shaft assembly; 7. Lining; 8. Motor housing; 9. Control circuit board containing sensor; 10. Movement direction (in the motor, it is: rotor movement direction); Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0022] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0023] The following describes the novel excitation combination structure disclosed in this invention in detail with reference to specific embodiments. As shown in Figure 1, the motion principle of the novel excitation combination structure disclosed in this embodiment is divided into four stages: a, b, c, and d. The structural components include a moving magnet group 1, a fixed magnet group 2, a winding 3, a sensor sensing point 4, and a motion direction 10.

[0024] In this example, a thin layer of winding 3 is disposed between the moving magnet group 1 and the fixed magnet group 2 in the excitation assembly structure. The winding 3 comprises subdivided windings comprising enameled wire, silicon steel sheets, and an insulated bobbin. The subdivided windings are bonded to the fixed magnet group 2 and connected to a power supply conductor 5 and a control circuit board 9 containing a sensor. Both the moving magnet group 1 and the fixed magnet group 2 comprise magnetic poles, which are multiples of two and have the same number of adjacent surfaces (work-generating surfaces) of equal length. The respective poles are arranged with one positive and one negative adjacent surface (work-generating surface) interleaved. Each magnetic pole on the fixed magnet group 2 corresponds to two subdivided windings, with a sensor sensing point 4 disposed between each pair of subdivided windings (no gaps are left between the subdivided windings, shown in the figure for easier identification). The control circuit board 9, to which the winding 3 is connected, contains a magnetic or optical sensor that switches the power on and off using unique control logic to generate electromagnetic force.

[0025] The control logic is as follows: in the startup phase a, when the front end of any magnetic pole in the moving magnet group 1 (for example, the adjacent surface is the N pole) approaches the induction position point 4 between two subdivided windings in the winding 3, the control instruction of the control circuit board 9 is triggered, causing the subdivided winding in front of the magnetic pole to generate an electromagnetic force opposite to that of the moving magnetic pole (upward S pole), that is, attraction. Because the length of the subdivided winding is approximately half of the adjacent surface of its lower magnetic pole, as the magnetic pole of the moving magnet group 1 continuously triggers the induction position point 4 along the movement direction 10, the front is continuously attracted, and the opposite subdivided magnetic pole (adjacent surface is the S pole) in the back also continuously triggers the induction position point 4, causing the winding in front of the magnetic pole to generate the opposite electromagnetic force (upward N pole). In this way, while the rear magnetic pole is pulled, a repulsive force is generated on the front magnetic pole (both are N poles), forming push and pull work, which is phase B.

[0026] In the aforementioned stages a to B, the magnetic poles of the moving magnet group 1 (the adjacent surface is the N pole) need to break through the attractive force of the magnetic poles of the fixed magnet group 2 below (the adjacent surface is the S pole) and the repulsive force of the magnetic poles in front of it (the adjacent surface is the N pole), that is, to cross the repulsive barrier.

[0027] Further: When the rear moving magnetic pole (the adjacent surface is the S pole) runs to the same magnetic pole (S pole) as the adjacent surface of the fixed magnet group 2 below, the same electromagnetic force (upward S pole) generated by the triggering of the subdivided winding below will be superimposed, which will generate the maximum repulsive force, that is, the maximum work, that is, stages c and d.

[0028] Testing has shown that the corresponding subdivided windings of winding 3 only need to generate approximately 20% of the opposite magnetic force (of the same polarity) to shield the magnetic poles of the fixed magnet group 2 below, thus overcoming the repulsive barrier. Once this barrier is overcome, the repulsive force between the moving magnet group 1 and the fixed magnet group 2, when their poles are aligned, becomes a driving force. Therefore, the electromagnetic force generated by winding 3 is primarily used to break through the repulsive barrier, with the primary work being generated by the mutual repulsion between the adjacent surfaces of the moving magnet group 1 and the fixed magnet group 2. This allows for power output when both are permanent magnets, resulting in several times greater power output with less power consumption. This excitation combination structure can also be used in other electromagnetic fields. Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0029] The novel brushless motor made of the excitation combination structure disclosed in the present invention is described in detail with reference to specific embodiments.

[0030] As shown in Figures 2-7, the brushless motor made of the new excitation combination structure disclosed in this example includes: a rotor permanent magnet group 1, a stator permanent magnet group 2, a thin winding 3, a sensor sensing position point 4, a power supply wire 5, a motor main shaft assembly 6, an inner lining 7, a motor housing 8, a control circuit board containing a sensor 9, and a rotor movement direction 10.

[0031] As shown in Figures 2-4, an inner rotor brushless motor made of the excitation combination structure is shown: the rotor is mainly composed of a motor main shaft assembly 6 and a rotor permanent magnet group 1 fixed thereon; the stator is mainly composed of a stator permanent magnet group 2 and a thin winding 3; the thin winding 3 is composed of a subdivided winding, which includes enameled wire, silicon steel sheet, and an insulating wire frame; the subdivided winding is between the rotor permanent magnet group 1 and the stator permanent magnet group 2, attached to the stator permanent magnet group 2, and connected to the power supply wire 5 and the control circuit board 9 containing the sensor; the above components are all installed in the motor housing 8 through the insulating lining 7; each magnetic pole on the stator permanent magnet group 2 corresponds to two groups of subdivided windings, and a sensor sensing position point 4 is set between each group of subdivided windings (there is no gap between the subdivided windings, as shown in the figure for easy distinction).

[0032] The rotor permanent magnet group 1 and the stator permanent magnet group 2 are both composed of magnetic poles, which are multiples of two, the same number of poles, and the lengths of the adjacent surfaces (working surfaces) are equal. The respective magnetic poles are a combination of adjacent surfaces (working surfaces) with one positive and one negative spacing. The control circuit connected to the thin winding 3 includes a magnetic or optical sensor, which connects and disconnects the power supply through a unique control logic to generate electromagnetic force. The control logic is: when the front end of any magnetic pole in the rotor permanent magnet group 1 approaches the induction position point 4 between the two subdivided windings in the thin winding 3, the electromagnetic force is generated. The signal triggers the logic control circuit through the control circuit board 9 containing the sensor and the power supply wire 5, causing the subdivided winding in front of the magnetic pole to generate an inward electromagnetic force opposite to the rotor magnetic pole (attraction). Because the subdivided winding length is approximately one-half of the magnetic pole in the stator permanent magnet group 2, the adjacent magnetic pole opposite to the magnetic pole behind the magnetic pole also approaches the sensing position point 4, triggering the logic control circuit. As a result, on the rotor permanent magnet group 1, the front magnetic pole is continuously attracted, and the rear opposite magnetic pole is attracted at the same time, and the subdivided winding also produces a repulsive force on the front magnetic pole.

[0033] According to tests, the corresponding subdivided winding only needs approximately 20% of the (same-pole) opposing electromagnetic force to shield the corresponding subdivided magnetic poles of fixed magnet group 2, thus crossing the repulsive barrier. Once this barrier is crossed, the repulsive force between the rotor permanent magnet group 1 and the stator permanent magnet group 2, when their corresponding poles are aligned, becomes a driving force. Therefore, the electromagnetic force generated by the thin winding 3 is primarily used to break through the repulsive barrier. The primary work is generated by the mutual repulsion between the adjacent magnetic poles of the rotor permanent magnet group 1 and the stator permanent magnet group 2, thus generating power output when both are permanent magnets.

[0034] The second type of inner rotor brushless motor made of the excitation combination structure is the same as the first type in other aspects, the difference is that each magnetic pole on the stator permanent magnet group 2 corresponds to a group of subdivided windings, the disadvantage is that reversal is prone to occur.

[0035] As shown in FIG5 , the third type of inner rotor brushless motor made of the excitation combination structure is an enhanced version of the first type. The difference is that: two sets of rotor permanent magnet groups 1 are connected in series along the axial direction of the motor main shaft; the windings on the stator are also two sets, connected in series along the axial direction of the motor main shaft, corresponding to the rotor permanent magnets; the stator permanent magnet group 2 is a set, and each magnetic pole corresponds to two sets of subdivided windings on the upper and lower sides; the sum of the axial heights of the two sets of rotor permanent magnet groups 1 is equal to that of one set of stator permanent magnet group 2; the advantage of this motor is high power; because in the first In this type of motor, when the rotor permanent magnet group 1 moves to a position opposite to the magnetic poles of the stator permanent magnet group 2, the opposite poles attract each other, while the magnetic poles in the forward direction repel each other with the same poles. At this time, the electromagnetic force generated by the thin winding 3 is mainly used to break through the repulsive barrier and get rid of the attractive force, and it operates by inertia and weak magnetic force. The motor power is insufficient at this moment. When the magnetic poles of the two sets of rotor permanent magnet groups 1 connected axially in series are staggered in an upper and lower arrangement, the combination with the single set of stator permanent magnet group 2 can ensure that one set of rotors is in a high-power operation state at any time.

[0036] As shown in Figures 6-7, the fourth type of brushless motor made with the excitation combination structure is as follows: the stator permanent magnet group 2 has only one magnetic pole, and the thin winding 3 above is provided with a plurality of subdivided windings. The outer rotor permanent magnet group 1 also has a unidirectional magnetic pole, the number of which is a multiple of two, and is distributed radially symmetrically along the motor main shaft assembly 6, and repels the adjacent surface of the magnetic pole of the stator permanent magnet group 2; the two ends of the rotor magnetic pole are acute angles, and the rear end is slightly raised to prevent jamming; the logic of the control circuit is: when the front end point of the magnetic pole of the rotor permanent magnet group 1 approaches the induction position point 4, several groups of subdivided windings on the thin winding 3 at the front, middle and rear corresponding positions of the front end point of the magnetic pole are triggered, and the winding generates an outward electromagnetic force opposite to (attracting) the rotor magnetic pole.

[0037] Specifically, as shown in Figure 6, when the adjacent surfaces of the magnetic poles on the rotor permanent magnet group 1 and the stator permanent magnet group 2 are both (S poles), they repel each other. During startup, the front end of the magnetic pole of the rotor permanent magnet group 1 triggers the induction position point 4, and the corresponding front, middle, and rear subdivided windings on the thin winding 3 generate an outward (N pole) electromagnetic force, which generates a traction force on the front end of the rotor magnetic pole, while the rear end naturally forms a thrust due to the repulsive force of the magnetic pole on the corresponding stator permanent magnet group 2. (If the winding corresponding to the rear end is controlled to generate an outward S pole electromagnetic force, the power can be increased). As the motor runs, push and pull work is continuously generated. The advantage of this motor is its simplicity, but the disadvantage is that the energy consumption is slightly higher.

[0038] In summary, the new brushless motor made of the excitation combination structure can cross the repulsive barrier in the rotation path to form a closed loop when the stator and rotor are both permanent magnets, and can generate the same power as the existing motor with only very little power consumption. The excitation combination structure can also be used in other electromagnetic fields.

[0039] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention. Industrial Applicability

[0040] The present invention provides a groundbreaking excitation combination structure, which is applied to brushless motors. When both the stator and rotor are permanent magnets, the repulsive barrier can be crossed in the rotation path to form a cyclic work. Its power is mainly generated by the repulsion of the adjacent surfaces of the permanent magnets of the rotor and stator. The excitation combination structure includes two layers of magnet groups, a fixed magnet group and a moving magnet group, and a layer of winding composed of conductors. The winding is connected to the power supply, sensor and control circuit. The winding is attached to the outer adjacent surface (working surface) of the fixed magnet group between the two layers of magnets, leaving a small gap with the surface of the moving magnet group.

[0041] The brushless motor made of the excitation combination structure includes a stator, a rotor, a winding, a power supply, a sensor, a control circuit, etc.; the rotor is mainly composed of a permanent magnet group and a motor main shaft, and the stator is mainly composed of a permanent magnet group and a thin winding arranged outside the adjacent surface of the stator and the rotor, and the winding includes enameled wire, silicon steel sheet, insulating wire frame, etc.; the winding is connected to the power supply, sensor and control circuit, and the sensor is a magnetic or light sensor such as a Hall sensor; the difference from traditional brushless motors is that the magnetic poles of traditional motors generally need to be made into multiples of 3 to form a push, empty, and pull structure, which is not very efficient; while the brushless motor made of the excitation combination structure does not need this and can also form a push and pull structure. Sequence Listing Free Content

[0042] This invention provides a groundbreaking excitation combination structure. When applied to brushless motors, this structure can overcome repulsive barriers in the rotational path, generating cyclical work, even when both the stator and rotor are permanent magnets. The power is primarily generated by the same-level repulsion between the adjacent permanent magnet surfaces of the rotor and stator. An initial proof-of-principle machine has been fabricated, confirming the feasibility of the principle.

Claims

1. A new excitation combination structure, characterized in that: It includes two layers of magnets and a layer of winding composed of wires. The two layers of magnets are fixed magnets and moving magnets respectively. The winding is between the two layers of magnets and adheres to the outer adjacent surface (working surface) of the fixed magnet, leaving a small gap with the surface of the moving magnet. The winding is connected to the power supply, sensor and control circuit.

2. The excitation combination structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed magnet and the moving magnet may both be composed of subdivided magnetic poles, or may be composed of a fixed magnet consisting of a single magnetic pole and a moving magnet consisting of subdivided magnetic poles.

3. The excitation combination structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the fixed magnet and the moving magnet are both composed of subdivided magnetic poles, the number of their respective magnetic poles is the same and is a multiple of two, and the adjacent surfaces (working surfaces) of the magnetic poles are combined in a positive and negative interval.

4. The excitation combination structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the fixed magnet is a single magnetic pole, the adjacent surface (working surface) with the magnetic pole of the moving magnet repels each other.

5. The excitation combination structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The brushless motor made using the excitation combination structure includes a stator, a rotor, a winding, a power supply, an induction control circuit, etc., wherein the rotor is mainly composed of a permanent magnet group and a motor main shaft, and the stator is mainly composed of a permanent magnet group and a layer of winding arranged on the adjacent surface of the stator and the rotor. The winding is connected to the power supply, a magnetic or optical sensor and a control circuit, and is attached to the stator permanent magnet, leaving a small gap with the surface of the rotor permanent magnet.

6. The excitation combination structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The brushless motor made using this excitation combination structure has a stator permanent magnet group and a rotor permanent magnet group that are both composed of subdivided magnetic poles. The number of subdivided magnetic poles is the same for both, and both are combined with one positive and one negative magnetic pole on the adjacent surface (working surface). Each magnetic pole of the stator permanent magnet group corresponds to two equally divided groups of subdivided windings.

7. The excitation combination structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The brushless motor made using this excitation combination structure has a stator permanent magnet group and a rotor permanent magnet group that are both composed of subdivided magnetic poles. The number of subdivided magnetic poles is the same for both, and both are combined with a positive and negative interval of the magnetic poles on the adjacent surface (work surface). Each magnetic pole of the stator permanent magnet group corresponds to a group of subdivided windings.

8. The excitation combination structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The brushless motor made using this excitation combination structure has a stator permanent magnet group and a rotor permanent magnet group that are both composed of subdivided magnetic poles, and are combined in a positive and negative interval arrangement according to the magnetic poles of the adjacent surfaces (working surfaces). The stator permanent magnet group is one set, and the rotor permanent magnet group is two sets, which are connected in series along the axial direction of the motor main shaft, and the magnetic poles are arranged in an upper and lower staggered manner. There are also two sets of windings on the stator, which are connected in series along the axial direction of the motor main shaft and correspond to the rotor permanent magnets. Each magnetic pole of the stator corresponds to two sets of equally divided subdivided windings above and below.

9. The excitation combination structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The brushless motor made with this excitation combination structure has a stator permanent magnet group that is a single pole with numerous windings arranged thereon, and a rotor permanent magnet that has a pole number that is a multiple of two, symmetrically distributed along the motor main axis, and repelling the stator poles.

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