Railway bridge

Abstract

The present invention relates to a railway bridge (1) having a bridge support (2) that has a bridge seal (3), wherein: a ballastless track (4) having a protective concrete layer (5) that has a plurality of rail fastening parts (6) is arranged on the bridge support (2) above the bridge seal (3); at least one anchor device (7) is at least partially embedded into the protective concrete layer (5) of the ballastless track (4); and the anchor device (7) has a receptacle into which at least one rail fastening part (6) is at least partially inserted and anchored in the anchor device (7) so as to be secured against lifting in a vertical direction and secured against shear in a horizontal direction. This solution is based on the finding that, in particular in the region of a railway bridge, it is possible under certain circumstances to dispense with a dedicated track support slab or a hump slab such as are additionally used in conventional ballastless tracks, and to anchor the rail fastening part directly in the protective concrete layer. This yields a very significant reduction in structural height.

Description

[0001] RAILWAY BRIDGE

[0002] The present invention relates to a railway bridge with a bridge girder having a bridge seal, wherein a slab track with a protective concrete layer having a plurality of rail fastening parts is arranged on the bridge girder above the bridge seal.

[0003] Such railway bridges are well known. A bridge girder is defined as an elongated, load-bearing structure, which may also be relatively wide, particularly in the form of a plate, such as a bridge deck. The bridge waterproofing protects the bridge girder from the penetration of moisture and dirt. This can consist of one or more layers of a suitable waterproofing material.

[0004] The term "slab track" refers to a railway track in which the track is secured on a solid concrete substructure rather than on a ballasted track bed. The slab track systems approved to date by Deutsche Bahn (DB) are further regulated in their 804.540x series of guidelines, together with the RiL 820.2020 guideline.

[0005] The protective concrete layer of a slab track is a concrete layer, usually made of prefabricated slabs. It is intended to protect the bridge waterproofing from damage and transfer horizontal and vertical forces from the slab track to the bridge girder. According to Chapter 3 (8) of the German Railways' RiL 804.5401, which is valid from November 1, 2018, the protective concrete layer must be at least 100 mm thick and reinforced.

[0006] In conventional slab track systems, additional concrete layers are arranged on top of this protective concrete layer. According to RiLi 804.5401 (Figure 4), a so-called reinforced concrete hump plate, a separating layer made of elastomer or PE film, and a reinforced concrete track support plate can be arranged on top of the protective concrete layer. This plate is primarily intended to facilitate the replacement of the rail fastening components mounted on it.

[0007] Due to their multi-layered structure, the existing slab track systems have a relatively high minimum construction height. This can be particularly disadvantageous when retrofitting existing routes and bridge structures, where the construction height is limited and can only be modified with considerable effort. The invention is therefore based on the object of creating a railway bridge with a slab track system whose construction height is reduced compared to previous solutions.

[0008] This object is achieved according to the invention with a railway bridge of the generic type, in which at least one anchoring device is at least partially embedded in the protective concrete layer of the slab track, wherein the anchoring device has a receptacle into which at least one rail fastening part is at least partially embedded and anchored in the anchoring device in a manner secured against uplift in the vertical direction and in a manner secured against shear in the horizontal direction.

[0009] The solution is based on the realization that, especially in the area of ​​a railway bridge, it may be possible to dispense with a separate track support slab or a hump plate and anchor the rail fastening component directly in the protective concrete layer. This is possible, firstly, because the bridge girder provides a very strong substructure, and secondly, with the aid of a suitably shaped anchoring device, it is possible to enable horizontal and vertical anchoring within the protective concrete layer without compromising the function of the protective concrete layer. The receptacle can be designed as a recess or even an interior space into which the rail fastening component can be inserted.In addition, the intermediate anchor structure allows the rail fastening element to be easily separated from the protective concrete layer if replacement of the rail fastening element is necessary. This also eliminates the need for a separate track support slab. All this reduces the overall height of the structure and significantly expands the application range of the bridge according to the invention compared to conventional railway bridges with a conventionally designed slab track.

[0010] In a further development, the anchoring device is attached to the bridge girder, so that the rail fastening component is held in place on the railway bridge by means of the anchoring device, adjusted in height relative to the bridge girder. Due to the direct attachment of the anchoring device to the bridge girder, the bridge waterproofing is penetrated in this area. However, with an appropriately shaped anchoring device, this disadvantage can be accepted under certain circumstances if it allows for more precise adjustment of the height of the rail fastening components. This way, the otherwise usual multi-layer structure of the slab track with a hump plate and the track support plate for reducing the construction height in the area of ​​the railway bridge can be dispensed with.

[0011] It is therefore particularly advantageous if the anchor device is sealingly connected to the bridge waterproofing. This allows the bridge waterproofing to be penetrated, saving overall construction height. A leveling layer and / or a seal, in particular an elastomer layer, a casting layer, an elastic mat and / or a sealing profile, is expediently arranged at least in some areas between the anchor device and the rail fastening part. The leveling layer can perform various functions. It can compensate for unevenness, absorb deformations and / or seal against moisture penetration. The provision of a seal, in particular a sealing profile, can also be useful for this purpose.

[0012] In a further development, the rail fastening component is designed in the manner of a sleeper with at least one rail support point. It can therefore be a short sleeper that supports only one rail. However, it is also conceivable that the rail fastening component is designed in the manner of a long sleeper with two rail support points.

[0013] Ideally, the rail fastening component is made of metal and / or a composite material with concrete. This ensures high strength.

[0014] In a further development, at least one rail fastening part has at least one trough-shaped rail support socket. This facilitates the mounting and installation of the rail.

[0015] It may also be advantageous if at least one rail support socket has at least one rib on its underside for transmitting force to the rail fastening part. This solution improves the transmission of horizontal forces.

[0016] It is particularly useful if at least one rail fastening component is designed to be heavy enough that its own weight is sufficient to anchor the rail attached to it. In this case, a separate anchor is unnecessary.

[0017] Advantageously, at least some of the rail fastening components and / or anchoring devices arranged on the railway bridge are of identical construction and designed as a standardized component. This reduces construction costs and simplifies manufacturing. Also, at least some rail fastening components are preferably installed in the bridge with their height adjusted using at least one, preferably standardized, support element. This ensures particularly simple and cost-effective manufacturing.

[0018] Preferably, at least one rail fastening part is bolted to an anchoring device. Thus, the anchoring device may already have been previously attached to the bridge girder.

[0019] It is particularly advantageous if at least one anchoring device has at least one base construction with a base plate and a web fastened thereon and protruding from the base plate, wherein the web is fastened to an upper side of the base plate in such a way that at least one first fastening section protruding below the web on a first side of the web can be used to fasten the bridge seal of the bridge girder and / or a second fastening section protruding on a second side of the web is provided for fastening the anchoring device to the bridge girder, wherein the web is designed in the manner of a frame in plan view which at least partially encloses an interior space, wherein the first fastening section of the base plate is arranged on the outer side of the frame and / or the second fastening section of the base plate is arranged on the inner side of the frame.

[0020] It is therefore a rather broad anchoring device that comprises at least a base structure with a base plate to be attached to the structure and an elongated web attached to it and protruding from the base plate. A base plate is defined as a flat, plate-like part with a broad underside resting on the structure. A web is defined as a slender, upright, elongated part. The component to be fastened can then be attached to the web of the anchoring device in any desired manner, either directly or indirectly, i.e., by incorporating additional components.

[0021] The web of the anchor device is fastened to an upper side of the base plate in such a way that a first fastening section protruding below the web on a first side of the web can be used to fasten a waterproofing layer to the structure and / or a second fastening section protruding on a second side of the web is provided for fastening the anchor device to the structure. This type of anchor construction therefore provides at least a first section of the base plate for fastening the waterproofing layer and / or at least one second section for fastening the anchor device. The design of the anchor device can therefore be viewed in the broadest sense as an elongated and upside-down T- or L-shaped part on which the waterproofing layer can be attached at least on one side and / or the anchor device can be attached to the structure at least on the other side of the base plate.This design of the anchor device leads to a simplified anchoring to the bridge girder and a more reliable sealing of the anchor device is achieved.

[0022] Preferably, the second fastening section has at least one recess, in particular a bore, for receiving a fastening means. For example, the anchoring device can be screwed to the structure. For this purpose, a threaded bolt can be embedded in the structure during its construction. The anchoring device then only needs to be placed on the bolt and screwed in place with nuts.

[0023] Alternatively or additionally, at least one anchoring element for anchoring the base structure to the bridge girder is arranged on the underside of the base plate, with the anchoring element extending downwards from the underside of the base plate in a side view. By arranging an anchoring element on the underside of the base plate, the anchoring device can be attached directly to the structure during its construction, for example, by encasing it in concrete. This results in advantages in terms of construction time, as subsequent fastening of the anchoring device is no longer necessary.

[0024] In a further development, the anchoring element has a vertical section extending vertically in the side view and a horizontal section extending horizontally in the side view, wherein the horizontal section protrudes beyond the vertical section in the plan view. The side view can be directed toward a longitudinal and / or transverse axis of the anchoring device. The horizontal section of the anchoring element can absorb both vertical and horizontal anchoring forces acting on the anchoring device. This leads to a further improved attachment of the anchoring device to the structure.

[0025] In a further development, the anchoring element is designed as a bolt, in particular a head bolt. The bolt then corresponds to the above-mentioned vertical section, and the head, which is wider than the bolt, corresponds to the horizontal section.

[0026] Alternatively, the anchoring element is designed as connecting reinforcement for anchoring the anchor device in a concrete bridge girder. This allows the anchoring element to be embedded into the bridge girder during concreting, eliminating the need for subsequent fastening to the structure. This results in advantages in terms of construction time and also ensures excellent anchoring in the structure.

[0027] Preferably, a separate anchoring component, in particular a shear element, for transmitting anchoring forces into the anchoring structure is arranged in the anchoring device, preferably within the interior of the base structure. Such an anchoring component can be designed, for example, in the form of an adapter. In this way, differently designed components can be connected relatively easily to a base structure that can then be standardized. This reduces the manufacturing costs for the base structure, which can then be produced in larger quantities. This can also facilitate and accelerate the connection of the components to the base structure of the anchoring device. The base structure can, in turn, be handled more easily on the construction site, especially if the anchoring component has not yet been installed.At the same time, the anchoring to the structure and, above all, the connection to the waterproofing of the structure are more effective because there are fewer components in the way. This is especially true if the anchoring component is only inserted into the base structure later.

[0028] The anchoring component is preferably solid or hollow. A hollow design saves material and weight, which provides advantages in transport and handling of the anchoring device. It can also make manufacturing and installation more cost-effective. A solid design of the anchoring component increases its torsional and flexural rigidity, which leads to a more even force transfer into the base structure and advantages in the dimensioning of the anchoring device.

[0029] The anchoring component preferably consists of a material that is liquid during production and hardens after production, in particular a grout, plastic, and / or concrete. The anchoring component can be produced by casting in a variety of shapes, but in particular in the shape that corresponds to the interior of the anchoring device. Advantageously, for example, the liquid material can be poured directly into the interior of the anchoring device, or the web of the base structure can be used as the outer formwork for the anchoring component.

[0030] At least one anchoring element, preferably an anchor bracket, is expediently embedded in the anchoring component for fastening the anchoring component to a component or structure. This simplifies the connection of the component to be anchored to the anchoring component.

[0031] Preferably, the anchoring device comprises a retaining structure which is operatively connected to the base structure and which in turn comprises at least one anchoring plate with at least one anchoring element projecting therefrom for fastening to the bridge girder.

[0032] In this case, an active connection is understood to be a connection that enables forces acting on the retaining structure to be transferred to the base structure in any way. This can be, for example, a positive or non-positive connection such as a welded or screwed connection. This design of the anchoring device means that it can be manufactured in a factory and transported to the construction site as a complete unit. Additional anchoring elements must no longer be attached on site for fastening to the bridge girder, which offers advantages during construction. The anchoring element can, for example, be a headed stud or connecting reinforcement for anchoring concrete structures. Further advantages arise from the fact that the component is anchored via the retaining structure.Compared to the variant in which the anchor bracket is embedded in the anchoring component, thus securing the component to the anchoring device, no overlap thicknesses are required between the anchor bracket and the anchoring component. This allows for a lower height of the web and the interior space, as well as the structure of the anchoring device.

[0033] Preferably, the anchoring component is part of the retaining structure, wherein the retaining structure is arranged on the base structure such that the thrust element of the retaining structure extends at least partially into the interior of the base structure. The anchoring component can be directly adjacent to the inner side of the web. Advantageously, forces acting laterally on the retaining structure are thereby transferred to the base structure, so that a component attached to the retaining structure is anchored relative to the bridge girder in the longitudinal and / or transverse direction of the anchor device.

[0034] Alternatively, the anchoring component is part of the base structure, with the frame-like web of the base structure forming at least part of a side wall of a hollow box that acts as an anchoring component. In this configuration, the forces acting laterally on the retaining structure are transferred directly to the base structure, further reducing the number of components. This enables further material savings and weight reduction of the anchor device.

[0035] Advantageously, the retaining structure also has a frame-like web attached to the anchor plate and is arranged in a pot-like manner on the base structure such that its frame-like web at least partially frames the thrust element of the base structure from the outside.

[0036] In a further development, the retaining structure also has a frame-like web attached to the anchor plate and is arranged in a pot-like manner on the base structure so that its frame-like web at least partially frames the thrust element of the base structure from the outside. In this design, the retaining structure is placed on the base structure like a cap. The anchor device can thus be easily assembled on site, creating a sealed structure in a very simple manner. The external framing of the web of the base structure also creates a positive, effective connection between the retaining structure and the base structure, whereby the lateral forces are reliably transferred to the base structure.

[0037] The anchor plate and / or the base plate are expediently designed as a closed plate or as a plate with at least one recess. If a recess is provided, this is expediently located in the interior. This allows for further material savings and weight reduction without compromising the sealing. Furthermore, a recess in the interior offers advantages when the anchor device is concreted into a structure. For example, vibrators used for concrete compaction can be inserted in the first place, and the anchoring elements below the base plate are also easier to reach from the recess in the interior.

[0038] Preferably, the base structure and / or the retaining structure are designed to be watertight in that both the respective web and the respective plate (i.e., base plate or anchor plate) are made of watertight material and are connected to each other in a watertight manner, in particular with a continuous weld seam. This achieves a continuous and reliable sealing of the structure by the anchoring device itself. The lateral webs also prevent water or moisture from penetrating the interior of the anchoring device. This allows the interior to be used for fastening the anchoring device, and the installation of a seal in this area can be omitted. Preferably, the web of the base structure and / or the web of the retaining structure is / are

[0039] Preferably, the web of the base structure and / or the web of the retaining structure is / are polygonal in plan view and, in particular, has / have a rectangular shape in plan view. The rectangular shape serves in particular to accommodate prefabricated concrete components, which can be formed more easily and thus manufactured more cost-effectively thanks to the rectangular shape. The rectangular shape allows, for example, frame elements for the base plate or the webs to be cut from a single sheet, saving material.

[0040] The base structure and / or the retaining structure are expediently made at least partially of metal, plastic, concrete, and / or a mixture thereof. The plastic can, for example, also be fiber-reinforced plastic, such as glass- or carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic. Stainless steel is particularly suitable as the metal. This can reduce or even completely prevent corrosion on the anchoring device, which in turn leads to a longer service life of the anchoring device and the structure.

[0041] Preferably, an elastic material, preferably made of a plastic and / or an elastomer, is arranged at least partially between the base structure and the retaining structure. In a case where the base structure and the retaining structure are both made of metal, direct metal contact is avoided. The elastomer advantageously enables slight rotation between the base structure and the retaining structure along a transverse, longitudinal, and vertical axis of the anchor device.

[0042] The invention is explained in more detail below using exemplary embodiments. These schematically show: Fig. 1 is a plan view of an exemplary embodiment of a railway bridge according to the invention;

[0043] Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section through the railway bridge shown in Fig. 1, cut parallel to a rail;

[0044] Fig. 3 is a cross-section along the axis AA through the railway bridge shown in Fig. 1;

[0045] Fig. 4 is a plan view of the rail fastening part made of solid steel shown in Fig. 3;

[0046] Fig. 5 is an enlarged section of the cross-section shown in Fig. 3 along the axis AA through the railway bridge with a rail fastening part cut in the longitudinal direction;

[0047] Fig. 6 is an enlarged section of the longitudinal section shown in Fig. 2 along the axis BB through the railway bridge with two cross-sectioned rail fastening parts;

[0048] Fig. 7 is an enlarged section of the longitudinal section shown in Fig. 6 along the axis BB through the railway bridge with a cross-sectioned rail fastening part made of solid steel;

[0049] Fig. 8 is a plan view of a second embodiment of a thinner rail fastening part made of solid steel and bolted to the underlying anchor device;

[0050] Fig. 9 is an enlarged section of a cross-section of a second embodiment of a railway bridge according to the invention, in which the thinner steel rail fastening part shown in Fig. 8, which is screwed to an underlying anchor device, is shown in cross-section and in its installed position;

[0051] Fig. 10 is a plan view of a third embodiment of a rail fastening component, which is also thin and bolted to the underlying anchor device, but is made of ultra-high-strength reinforced concrete (UHPC). Fig. 11 is an enlarged section of a cross-section of a third embodiment of a railway bridge according to the invention, in which the rail fastening component shown in Fig. 10 is shown in cross-section and in its installed position; and

[0052] Fig. 12 is a spatial view of a third embodiment of an anchor device according to the invention.

[0053] The same components are identified by the same reference numerals in the different embodiments.

[0054] The first exemplary embodiment of a railway bridge 1 designed according to the invention, shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 7, with a bridge girder 2 and a bridge sealing 3 arranged thereon, is characterized by an extremely flat slab track 4 in the area of ​​the bridge girder 2. For this purpose, according to the invention, the protective concrete layer 5 is used to anchor the rail fastening parts 6. This is achieved by anchoring the rail fastening parts 6 not directly in the protective concrete layer 5, but with the interposition of an anchor device 7. For this purpose, they are at least partially embedded in a specially shaped anchor device 7, which in turn is partially embedded in the protective concrete layer 5 of the slab track 4, as can be seen in particular in the enlarged sections in Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7.

[0055] The rail fastening parts 6, designed like a long sleeper, are relatively thick and made of solid steel in the first embodiment shown here. They therefore have a relatively high deadweight. This allows them to be loosely inserted into the anchoring device 7 while still being anchored vertically within the anchoring device 7 against uplifting forces solely by their high deadweight.

[0056] The rails 8 are fastened to the rail support points using two tension clamps 23 screwed onto the sides of the rail fastening parts 6 and onto a support part 24. To simplify this, a rail support point socket 9 is provided on the top of each rail fastening part 6 and below the rail support point. In this case, this consists of a sheet metal piece bent upwards at the side. With a long version of the rail fastening part 6 (as shown here), there are two rail support point sockets 9.

[0057] A compensating layer 10 is also arranged between the anchor device 7 and the rail fastening part 6, as can be seen particularly clearly in Fig. 6 and Fig. 7. This compensating layer 10 can be made of an elastic material such as an elastomer and / or an elastic mat. The use of conventional casting materials is also conceivable.

[0058] To prevent water from penetrating from above into the leveling layer 10 or into the area between the rail fastening part 6 and the anchoring device 7, the rail fastening part 6 has a laterally circumferential, horizontally protruding collar 11 with a drip nose 12 on its upper side. The collar 11 covers the space between the anchoring device 7 and the rail fastening part 6. The drip nose 12 ensures that no water flows under the collar 11 toward the anchoring device 7, but drips down the edge of the collar 11.

[0059] The anchoring device 7, in turn, comprises a base structure 13 with a base plate 14, which in this first embodiment is closed, and a web 15 fastened thereto and projecting from the base plate 14. The web 15 is designed in the manner of a frame into which the rail fastening part 6 is inserted. For anchoring in the protective concrete layer 5, several headed bolts 16 projecting laterally in a horizontal direction are arranged around the frame-like web 15 of the anchoring device 7.

[0060] The second exemplary embodiment of a railway bridge 1 designed according to the invention, shown in Fig. 8 and Fig. 9, differs from the first exemplary embodiment in that the rail fastening parts 6 used in the area of ​​the railway bridge 1 are also made of steel but are significantly thinner. This reduces their manufacturing costs but also their weight. Therefore, rail fastening parts 6 designed in this way can no longer be anchored in the anchor device 7 against uplift forces solely by their own weight. In order to anchor them vertically in the anchor device 7, four threaded bolts 17 are provided per rail support point, i.e. a total of 8 in the design shown here in the manner of a long sleeper. The rail fastening part 6 is screwed to the anchor device 7 using these threaded bolts.

[0061] The anchor device 7 is now, in turn, fastened directly to the bridge girder 2. For this purpose, its base plate 14 is embedded in the concrete of the bridge girder such that the upper side of the base plate 14 is flush with the upper side of the bridge girder 2. In addition, several downward-facing head bolts 16 are arranged on the underside of the base plate 14. This enables the second embodiment of the anchor device 7 to absorb greater upward tensile forces than the first embodiment. In the areas of the anchor device 7 where the threaded bolts 17 are inserted, spacers 18 are arranged, into which the threaded bolts either engage via a threaded hole or, alternatively, to which corresponding threaded bolts 17 can be fastened. In the latter case, the rail fastening part 7 could be fastened using nuts screwed onto the threaded bolts.

[0062] The space between the underside of the rail fastening part 6 and the top of the base plate 14 is filled with a suitable grouting material 19, for example, a grouting mortar, before the rail fastening part 6 is inserted. The spacers 18 also assist in the insertion of the grouting material 19 as a marker. This should not be filled higher than the upper edge of the spacers 18. Subsequently, a leveling layer 10 is again inserted between the rail fastening part 6 and the anchoring device 7, and then the rail fastening part 6 is inserted into the anchoring device 7 and screwed to it.

[0063] Due to the special shape of the anchor device 7, it can be connected relatively easily and tightly to the bridge sealing 3. The part of the base plate 14 that protrudes on the outside below the web 15 helps with this. This is generously dimensioned and serves as the fastening section 20 for the bridge sealing 3. The bridge sealing 3 simply needs to be cut out to match the frame-like shape of the web 15 and then placed on the anchor structure 7. There, the bridge sealing 7 can then be relatively easily glued to the fastening section. Since in this embodiment the base plate 14 of the anchor structure 7 forms a closed base, the entire structure is sealed.

[0064] The third embodiment of a rail fastening part shown in Fig. 10 and Fig. 11 differs from the second embodiment shown in Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 only in the material from which the rail fastening part 6 is made. In the third embodiment, it is made of ultra-high-strength concrete (UHPBC). Both the collar 11 and the drip nose 12 can also be made of UHPBC. However, a two-part design (not shown here) is also conceivable, in which a cover plate is placed on the upper side of the rail fastening part 6, which protrudes beyond the body of the rail fastening part at the edges and is folded downwards at the edge. This projection then forms the collar 11 with the drip nose 12. The anchor device 7 shown in Fig. 10 and Fig. 11 corresponds exactly in its design to that already shown in Fig. 8 and Fig. 9.

[0065] Fig. 12 shows a perspective view of a third embodiment of an anchoring device 7 according to the invention. Unlike the two previously shown embodiments of the anchoring device 7, the base plate 14 is not designed as a solid plate here, but rather has a recess to save material. This recess can have any shape. In the present case, it is rectangular.

[0066] Otherwise, the structure of the anchoring device 7 corresponds to the two previously shown embodiments. It therefore has a base construction 13 with a base plate 14 and a web 15 fastened to the base plate 14. The web 15 is fastened to an upper side of the base plate 14 such that a first fastening section 20 protrudes below the web 15 on a first side of the web 15. The inner part of the base plate 14 can be regarded as a second fastening section 21, with which the anchoring device 7 can be anchored to the bridge girder 2 (for example, with screws not shown here). The web 15 is designed in the manner of a rectangular frame, each having two sides running parallel to one another, which tightly enclose an interior space 22 laterally and outwards. The web 15 protrudes perpendicularly from the base plate 14, but this is not mandatory.It is thus conceivable that the web 15 can enclose an angle with the base plate 14 that is greater or smaller than 90°.

[0067] REFERENCE SYMBOL anchoring device anchoring device

Claims

PATENT CLAIMS 1 . Railway bridge (1) with a bridge girder (2) which has a bridge seal (3), wherein on the bridge girder (2) above the bridge seal (3) there is arranged a slab track (4) with a protective concrete layer (5) which has a plurality of rail fastening parts (6), characterized in that at least one anchor device (7) is at least partially embedded in the protective concrete layer (5) of the slab track (4), wherein the anchor device (7) has a receptacle into which at least one rail fastening part (6) is at least partially embedded and anchored in the anchor device (7) in a manner secured against uplift in the vertical direction and in a manner secured against shear in the horizontal direction.

2. Railway bridge according to claim 1, characterized in that the anchor device (7) is fastened to the bridge girder (2), so that the rail fastening part (6) is held on the railway bridge (1) with the aid of the anchor device (7) in its height position adjusted to the bridge girder (2).

3. Railway bridge according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the anchor device (7) is sealingly connected to the bridge seal (3).

4. Railway bridge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that between the anchor device (7) and the rail fastening part (6) at least in some regions a leveling layer (10) and / or a seal, in particular an elastomer layer, a casting layer, an elastic mat and / or a sealing profile, is arranged.

5. Railway bridge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rail fastening part (6) is designed in the manner of a sleeper with at least one rail support point.

6. Railway bridge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rail fastening part (6) is designed in the manner of a long sleeper with two rail support points.

7. Railway bridge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rail fastening part (6) is made of metal and / or a composite material with concrete.

8. Railway bridge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one rail fastening part (6) has at least one trough-shaped rail support point holder (9).

9. Railway bridge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one rail support point socket (9) has at least one rib on its underside for transmitting force into the rail fastening part (6).

10. Railway bridge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one rail fastening part (6) is designed to be so heavy that its own weight is sufficient as a tension anchorage for a rail (8) fastened thereto.

11. Railway bridge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least some of the rail fastening parts (6) and / or anchoring devices (7) arranged on the railway bridge (1) are of identical construction and designed in the manner of a standardized component.

12. Railway bridge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least some rail fastening parts (6) are installed in the railway bridge (1) with the use of at least one, preferably standardized, support element adjusted in height.

13. Railway bridge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one rail fastening part (6) is screwed to an anchor device (7).

14. Railway bridge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one anchor device (7) has at least one base structure (13) with a base plate (14) and a web (15) fastened thereon and projecting from the base plate (14), wherein the web (15) is fastened to an upper side of the base plate (14) in such a way that at least one first fastening section (20) protruding below the web (15) on a first side of the web (15) can be used to fasten the bridge seal (3) of the bridge girder (2) and / or a second fastening section (21) protruding on a second side of the web (15) is provided for fastening the anchor device to the bridge girder, wherein the web (15) is designed in the manner of a frame in plan view, which at least partially encloses an interior space (22),wherein the first fastening section (20) of the foot plate (14) is arranged on the outer side of the frame and / or the second fastening section (21) of the foot plate is arranged on the inner side of the frame., 15. Railway bridge with an anchor device according to claim 14, characterized in that the second fastening section (21) has at least one recess, in particular a bore, for receiving a fastening means.

16. Railway bridge with an anchoring device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one anchoring element for anchoring the base structure (13) to the bridge girder (2) is arranged on an underside of the base plate (14), wherein the anchoring element extends downwards from the underside of the base plate (14) in a side view.

17. Railway bridge with an anchor device according to claim 16, characterized in that the anchoring element has a vertical section in side view and a horizontal section in side view, the horizontal section protruding beyond the vertical section in plan view.

18. Railway bridge with an anchor device according to one of claims 16 to 17, characterized in that the anchoring element is designed as a bolt, in particular a head bolt (16).

19. Railway bridge with an anchoring device according to one of claims 16 to 17, characterized in that the anchoring element is designed as a connecting reinforcement for anchoring the anchoring device in a bridge girder (2) made of concrete.

20. Railway bridge with an anchor device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the anchor device (7), preferably within the interior of the base structure (13), a thrust element for transmitting thrust forces between the rail fastening part (6) and the bridge girder (2) is arranged.

21. Railway bridge with an anchor device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thrust element is solid and / or hollow.

22. Railway bridge with an anchor device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thrust element consists of a material which is liquid during manufacture and hardens after manufacture, in particular a grouting mortar, plastic and / or concrete.

23. Railway bridge with an anchoring device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one anchoring element, preferably an anchor bracket, for fastening the thrust element to the bridge girder (2) is embedded in the thrust element.

24. Railway bridge with an anchor device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the anchor device (7) has a retaining structure which is operatively connected to the base structure (13) and which in turn has at least one anchor plate with at least one anchoring element projecting therefrom for attachment to the bridge girder (2).

25. Railway bridge with an anchor device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thrust element is part of the fixed structure reconstruction, wherein the retaining structure is arranged on the base structure (13) in such a way that the thrust element of the fixed structure reconstruction extends at least partially into the interior of the base structure.

26. Railway bridge with an anchor device according to one of the preceding claims 14 to 24, characterized in that the thrust element is part of the base structure, wherein the frame-like web (15) of the base structure (13) forms at least part of a side wall of a hollow box which acts as a thrust element.

27. Railway bridge with an anchor device according to claim 24, characterized in that the retaining structure also has a frame-like web (15) fastened to the anchor plate and is arranged in a pot-like manner on the base structure (13) such that its frame-like web (15) at least partially frames the thrust element of the base structure (13) from the outside.

28. Railway bridge with an anchor device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the anchor plate and / or the base plate (14) is designed as a closed plate or as a plate with at least one recess.

29. Railway bridge with an anchor device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base structure (13) and / or the retaining structure is designed to be watertight in that both the respective web (15) and the respective plate (14) are made of watertight material and are connected to one another in a watertight manner, in particular with a continuous weld seam.

30. Railway bridge with an anchor device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the web (15) of the base structure (13) and / or the web of the retaining structure in is / are polygonal in plan view and in particular has / have a rectangular shape in plan view.

31. Railway bridge with an anchor device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base structure (13) and / or the retaining structure is made at least partially from metal, plastic, concrete and / or a mixture thereof.

32. Railway bridge with an anchor device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an elastic material, preferably made of a plastic and / or an elastomer, is arranged at least in regions between the base structure (13) and the retaining structure.

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