Industrial boiler system and control method thereof

Abstract

The present invention has been devised to solve the problems of the prior art described above and provides a boiler system and a control method thereof, the boiler system being controlled by comprehensively considering the operating conditions of various boilers.

Description

Industrial boiler system and control method

[0001] The present invention relates to an industrial boiler system and a control method thereof.

[0002]

[0003] Recently, due to energy depletion and environmental issues, high-efficiency, low-pollution combustion systems have become essential, and to achieve this, research on low-pollution combustion technology and combustion control for improved efficiency is actively being conducted.

[0004] In particular, industrial boiler systems are the devices that consume the most energy among thermal energy systems, and thus, great effects can be expected from improved efficiency.

[0005] Patent Document 1 was invented by the same applicant as the inventor of the present application, and measures the distribution of radicals from the optical signal of the flame generated during combustion of the boiler and uses this to control the air-fuel ratio of the boiler, thereby significantly improving the efficiency of the boiler.

[0006] However, there are many different factors that affect the performance ratio, such as fuel pressure, ambient temperature, and humidity, and there is a disadvantage in that it does not take these various conditions into account.

[0007] In addition, due to the nature of the boiler that heats and vaporizes water with the heat generated by the boiler's combustion, the water level stored in the boiler drum changes during operation. In the past, a contact-type water level gauge was used to measure this water level, and an intermittent water supply method was used to supply water again when all the water in the drum was consumed. However, this is a major factor that hinders the improvement of the efficiency of industrial boiler systems due to stability issues and the impossibility of precise control.

[0008] In addition, if the boiler control is performed based on the fuel ratio as described above, when the conditions during boiler operation change, the amount of steam generated in the boiler, i.e., the boiler load (output), decreases, or a problem occurs in which a large amount of pollutants such as nitrogen oxides contained in combustion gas generated during combustion are emitted.

[0009] (KR 10-1759217 B1)

[0010]

[0011] Accordingly, the present invention has been devised to solve the problems of the above-mentioned prior art, and to provide a boiler system that comprehensively considers and controls the operating conditions of various boilers.

[0012]

[0013] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention comprises: a boiler in which steam is generated through heat exchange between the heat of a flame generated by a burner in which supplied fuel and air are combusted and water stored in a boiler drum; a water supply device for supplying water to the boiler drum; a fuel supply device for supplying fuel to the burner; an air supply device for supplying air to the burner; a sensor module for measuring input data including at least one of a radical distribution of a flame generated from the burner, a water level of the boiler drum, a temperature of air supplied from the air supply device to the burner, an ambient temperature, an ambient humidity, a pressure of fuel supplied from the fuel supply device to the burner, and a pressure of the boiler; a load of the boiler, a nitrogen oxide concentration of combustion gas generated from the boiler, and output data including an air-fuel ratio of the boiler; an input unit for inputting input data, output data, and a required amount of steam to be generated from the boiler measured by the sensor module as the input data; a modeling unit for constructing an operation model using learning data selected from the input data and output data measured by the sensor module; And, a control unit that controls the amount of air and fuel supplied to the burner according to output data derived by applying input data measured by the sensor module and input to the input unit during operation of the boiler to the operation model constructed in the modeling unit according to the selected operation mode.

[0014] The above driving model includes an optimal load driving model, an optimal air-fuel ratio driving model, a minimum nitrogen oxide driving model, and a rapid driving model, and the optimal load driving model, the optimal air-fuel ratio driving model, and the minimum nitrogen oxide driving model are constructed by setting all input data and all output data measured by the sensor module as learning data, and the rapid driving model is constructed by setting the OH radical distribution of the flame generated from the burner, the temperature of the air, the temperature of the surroundings, the humidity of the surroundings, the pressure of the fuel supplied from the fuel supply device to the burner, the pressure data of the steam generated from the boiler, and all output data among the input data measured by the sensor module as learning data.

[0015] The above operation modes include an optimal load mode, an optimal air-fuel ratio mode, a minimum nitrogen oxide emission mode, and a rapid mode, and in the optimal load mode, the air-fuel ratio, efficiency, and required steam amount of the boiler are input to the input unit, and the control unit supplies air and fuel to the burner according to the air-fuel ratio, efficiency, and required steam amount input to the input unit, and it is preferable that the input data measured through the sensor module and input to the input unit are applied to the optimal load operation model, and the boiler load derived from this is controlled again according to the amount of air and fuel supplied to the burner so that the required steam amount becomes the boiler load.

[0016] The above operation modes include an optimal load mode, an optimal air-fuel ratio mode, a minimum nitrogen oxide emission mode, and a rapid mode, and in the optimal air-fuel ratio mode, the air-fuel ratio, efficiency, and required steam amount of the boiler are input to the input unit, and the control unit preferably supplies air and fuel to the burner according to the air-fuel ratio, efficiency, and required steam amount, and then controls the amount of air and fuel supplied to the burner again so that the supplied fuel is minimized at the optimal air-fuel ratio derived by applying the input data to the optimal air-fuel ratio operation model.

[0017] The above driving modes include an optimal load mode, an optimal performance ratio mode, a minimum nitrogen oxide emission mode, and a rapid mode, and in the minimum nitrogen oxide emission mode,

[0018] It is preferable that the boiler's air-fuel ratio, efficiency, and required steam amount are input into the input unit, and the control unit supplies air and fuel to the burner according to the air-fuel ratio, efficiency, and required steam amount, and then controls the amount of air and fuel supplied to the burner again according to the minimum nitrogen oxide concentration derived by applying all input data input to the input unit to the minimum nitrogen oxide operation model.

[0019] The above operation modes include an optimal load mode, an optimal air-fuel ratio mode, a minimum nitrogen oxide emission mode, and a rapid mode, and in the rapid mode, the air-fuel ratio, efficiency, and required steam amount of the boiler are input to the input unit, and the control unit supplies air and fuel to the burner according to the air-fuel ratio, efficiency, and required steam amount, and it is preferable that the control unit again controls the amount of air and fuel supplied to the burner according to the optimal air-fuel ratio derived by applying data including radical distribution of a flame generated from the burner, temperature of the air, ambient temperature, humidity of the ambient, pressure of the fuel supplied to the burner from the fuel supply device, and pressure data of the boiler among input data measured through the sensor module and input to the input unit to the rapid operation model.

[0020] The above modeling unit further constructs a water level control model using the water level of the boiler drum, the boiler load, and the pressure of the boiler among the data measured through the sensor module and input to the input unit as input data, and the amount of water supplied to the boiler drum from the water supply device as output data, and the control unit preferably applies the water level of the boiler drum, the boiler load, and the pressure of the boiler among the data measured through the sensor module in real time and input to the input unit to the water level control model to control the amount of water supplied to the boiler drum, thereby maintaining the water level of the boiler drum constant.

[0021] The sensor module preferably includes a photodiode for measuring the distribution of OH radicals of a flame generated from the burner, a flame diagnosis sensor for measuring the distribution of CH and C2 radicals of a flame generated from the burner as an image; an object recognition water level sensor for recognizing the level of water stored in the boiler drum photographed by an imaging device; an air thermometer for measuring the temperature of air supplied from the air supply device to the burner; an ambient thermometer for measuring the temperature of the surroundings; an ambient hygrometer for measuring the humidity of the surroundings; a fuel pressure gauge for measuring the pressure of fuel supplied from the fuel supply device to the burner; a boiler pressure gauge for measuring the pressure of the boiler; a load gauge for measuring the load of the boiler; a nitrogen oxide gauge for measuring the concentration of nitrogen oxides of combustion gas generated from the boiler; and an air-fuel ratio gauge for measuring the air-fuel ratio from the amount of fuel and the amount of air supplied to the boiler.

[0022] The above flame diagnosis sensor measures the distribution of OH, CH and C2 radicals of the flame generated from the burner (110), and the modeling unit includes the distribution of OH, CH and C2 radicals of the flame measured by the flame diagnosis sensor in the input data to build the operation model, and the control unit preferably controls the amount of air and fuel supplied to the burner according to the boiler load, air-fuel ratio or nitrogen oxide concentration derived by applying the distribution of OH, CH and C2 radicals of the flame measured in real time to the operation model.

[0023] The above object recognition water level sensor measures the water level of water stored in the boiler drum, and the modeling unit includes the water level of water stored in the boiler drum measured in the boiler drum in the input data to build the operation model, and the control unit applies the water level of water stored in the boiler drum, boiler load, and boiler pressure measured in real time, to the operation model to control the amount of water supplied to the boiler drum, thereby maintaining the water level of the boiler drum constant.

[0024] In addition, as a control method of the boiler system, the present invention provides a control method of the boiler system, comprising: (a) a step in which data regarding boiler operating conditions including the input data and the output data are input into an input unit; (b) a step in which the modeling unit constructs the operating model using the input data regarding boiler operation as set learning data; (c) a step in which the air-fuel ratio, efficiency, and required steam amount of the boiler are input into the input unit; and (d) a step in which the input data measured and input by the sensor module according to the preset operating mode are applied to the operating model constructed by the modeling unit, and the amount of air and the amount of fuel supplied to the burner are controlled according to output data derived.

[0025] In the step (b), among the driving models, the optimal load driving model, the optimal air-fuel ratio driving model, and the minimum nitrogen oxide driving model are preferably constructed by setting all input data and all output data measured by the sensor module as learning data, and the rapid driving model is preferably constructed by setting the radical distribution of the flame generated from the burner, the temperature of the air, the temperature of the surroundings, the humidity of the surroundings, the pressure of the fuel supplied from the fuel supply device to the burner, the pressure data of the boiler, and the output data as learning data among the input data measured by the sensor module.

[0026] The step (d) above preferably includes: (d11) a step of selecting an optimal load mode among the operation modes; (d12) a step of the control unit supplying air and fuel to the burner according to the air-fuel ratio, efficiency, and required steam amount; (d13) a step of inputting input data measured through the sensor module into the input unit and applying the input data to the optimal load operation model constructed in the modeling unit; and (d4) a step of the control unit again controlling the amount of air and fuel supplied to the burner so that the boiler load derived by applying the input data to the optimal load operation model becomes the required steam amount.

[0027] The step (d) above is preferably a step in which (d21) an optimal air-fuel ratio mode is selected from the operation modes; (d22) the control unit supplies air and fuel to the burner according to the air-fuel ratio, efficiency, and required steam amount; (d23) the input data measured through the sensor module is input into the input unit and applied to the optimal air-fuel ratio operation model constructed in the modeling unit; and (d24) the control unit again controls the amount of air and fuel supplied to the burner so that the supplied fuel is minimized at the optimal air-fuel ratio derived by applying the input data to the optimal air-fuel ratio operation model.

[0028] The step (d) above preferably includes: (d31) a step of selecting a minimum nitrogen oxide emission mode among the operation modes; (d32) a step of supplying air and fuel to the burner according to the air-fuel ratio, efficiency, and required steam amount by the control unit; (d33) a step of inputting input data measured through the sensor module into the input unit and applying the same to the optimal air-fuel ratio operation model constructed by the modeling unit; and (d34) a step of controlling the amount of air and fuel supplied to the burner again according to the nitrogen oxide concentration derived by applying the input data to the minimum nitrogen oxide operation model by the control unit.

[0029] The step (d) above is a step in which a quick mode is selected among the driving modes (d41);

[0030] (d42) a step in which the control unit supplies air and fuel to the burner according to the air-fuel ratio, efficiency, and required steam amount; (d43) a step in which the input data measured through the sensor module in the input unit, among the OH radical distribution of the flame generated from the burner, the air temperature, the ambient temperature, the ambient humidity, the pressure of the fuel supplied from the fuel supply device to the burner, and the pressure data of the boiler are input and applied to the rapid operation model constructed in the modeling unit; and (d44) it is preferable that the control unit again controls the amount of air and the amount of fuel supplied to the burner according to the optimal air-fuel ratio derived by applying the input data to the rapid operation model.

[0031] In the step (b), the modeling unit further constructs a water level control model by using the water level of the boiler drum, the boiler load, and the pressure of the boiler among the data measured through the sensor module and input to the input unit as input data, and the amount of water supplied to the boiler drum from the water supply device as output data, and after the step (d), (e) the control unit preferably further includes a step of applying the water level of the boiler drum, the boiler load, and the pressure of the boiler among the data measured through the sensor module in real time and input to the input unit to the water level control model to control the amount of water supplied to the boiler drum, thereby maintaining the water level of the boiler drum constant.

[0032]

[0033] According to the industrial boiler system and its control method according to the present invention, the boiler can be controlled by selecting the optimal boiler load, optimal air-fuel ratio, and minimum nitrogen oxide emission according to the operation mode of the boiler while considering various factors in a multidimensional manner rather than fragmentary conditions among the various conditions affecting the air-fuel ratio in the operation of the boiler.

[0034] In addition, the stability of the boiler can be improved by precisely controlling the low water level of the boiler drum in real time according to the above-mentioned operating conditions, rather than the intermittent water supply method of the existing boiler drum.

[0035]

[0036] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a boiler system according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a boiler system according to one embodiment of the present invention, showing the configuration of a sensor module and data regarding boiler operating conditions measured by the sensor module.

[0038] Figure 3 is a flowchart of a control method of a boiler system according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 4 is a flowchart of step (d) according to the optimal load mode in a control method of a boiler system according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] FIG. 5 is a flowchart of step (d) according to the optimal performance ratio mode in a control method of a boiler system according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 6 is a flowchart of step (d) according to the minimum nitrogen oxide emission mode in a control method of a boiler system according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 7 is a flowchart of step (d) according to the rapid mode in a control method of a boiler system according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0043]

[0044] The above-described purposes, features, and other advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by describing preferred embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In this process, the thickness of lines and the sizes of components depicted in the drawings may be exaggerated for clarity and convenience. Furthermore, the terms described below are defined based on their functions in the present invention and may vary depending on the intentions or practices of the user or operator. Therefore, the definitions of these terms should be based on the contents throughout this specification.

[0045] In addition, the described embodiments are provided as examples for the purpose of explaining the invention and do not limit the technical scope of the present invention.

[0046]

[0047] Hereinafter, an industrial boiler system and control method according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings.

[0048] First, the configuration of a boiler system according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

[0049] As shown in Fig. 1, the boiler system according to the present invention includes a boiler (100), a water supply device (200), a fuel supply device (400), an air supply device (300), a sensor module (600), an input unit (700), a modeling unit (500), and a control unit (800).

[0050] The boiler (100) is a configuration that heats and supplies water with heat generated by combustion of fuel and air, and includes a burner (110), a combustion furnace (120), and a boiler drum (121).

[0051] The burner (110) combusts the supplied fuel and air, and a flame and heat are generated by the combustion of the fuel and air by the burner (110).

[0052] The burner (110) is connected to the combustion furnace (120), and the flame, heat, and combustion gas generated by combustion by the burner (110) flow inside the combustion furnace (120).

[0053] A boiler drum (121) is installed close to a combustion chamber (120). Water is stored inside the boiler drum (121), and as the water inside the boiler drum (121) and the heat inside the combustion chamber (120) exchange heat, the water is heated and turns into steam, which is then supplied to a heat-using location where heat is needed.

[0054] The boiler drum (121) is equipped with a water level gauge (122) that displays the amount of water stored inside it, so that the amount of water stored inside the boiler drum (121) can be displayed.

[0055] The water supply device (200) supplies water to the inside of the boiler drum (121) installed in the boiler (100) to store water. A water supply means such as a water supply valve that controls the amount of water supplied to the boiler drum (121) or a water supply pump that supplies water from the water supply device (200) to the boiler drum (121) may be installed between the water supply device (200) and the boiler drum (121), but is not limited thereto, and the water supply device (200) itself may be configured to control the amount of water supplied to the boiler drum (121).

[0056] The fuel supply device (400) supplies fuel to the burner (110) installed in the boiler (100), and the air supply device (300) supplies air to the burner (110).

[0057] In this way, fuel and air are supplied to the burner (110) from the fuel supply device (400) and the air supply device (300) and combusted.

[0058] As with the water supply device (200), a fuel supply means or an air supply means such as a valve or a pump may be provided between the fuel supply device (400) and the burner (110), and between the air supply device (300) and the burner (110), but is not limited thereto.

[0059] The sensor module (600) will be described in detail with further reference to Fig. 2. The sensor module (600) measures data related to the operating conditions of the boiler (100).

[0060] The sensor module (600) measures the radical distribution of the flame generated from the burner (110), the water level of the boiler drum (121), the temperature of the air supplied from the air supply device (300) to the burner (110), the ambient temperature, the ambient humidity, the pressure of the fuel supplied from the fuel supply device (400) to the burner (110), the pressure of the boiler (100), the load of the boiler (100), the nitrogen oxide concentration of the combustion gas generated from the boiler (100), and the air-fuel ratio data of the boiler (100).

[0061] The sensor module (600) includes a photodiode (601), a flame diagnosis sensor (607), an object recognition water level sensor (608), an air thermometer (602), an ambient thermometer (103), a fuel pressure gauge (605), a boiler pressure gauge (606), a load meter (613), a nitrogen oxide meter (611), and an air-fuel ratio meter (613).

[0062] A photodiode (601) is installed on one side of the burner (110) and measures OH radical distribution data of the flame from the optical signal of the flame generated by combustion in the burner (110).

[0063] The flame diagnosis sensor (607) is installed on one side of the burner (110) and measures the distribution data of CH and C2 radicals of the flame as an image from the image of the flame generated by combustion of the burner (110).

[0064] The object recognition water level sensor (608) measures water level data through an image of water stored inside the boiler drum (121).

[0065] An imaging device such as a camera (608a) that captures the water level of the water stored in the boiler drum (121) in real time is installed to capture an image of the water level gauge (122).

[0066] The object recognition water level sensor (608) uses an object recognition technique to recognize the low water level in the boiler drum (121) from an image or video captured by a camera and outputs the current water level.

[0067] By measuring the water level of water stored in the boiler drum (121) using the object recognition water level sensor (608) as described above, unlike the existing contact type water level gauge, the water level of water stored in the boiler drum (121) can be measured precisely in real time.

[0068] The air thermometer (602) measures the temperature data of the air supplied from the air supply device (300) to the burner (110).

[0069] The ambient thermometer (603) measures temperature data around the boiler (100), and the ambient hygrometer (604) measures humidity data around the boiler (100).

[0070] The fuel pressure gauge (605) measures the pressure data of the fuel supplied from the fuel supply device (400) to the burner (110).

[0071] The boiler pressure gauge (606) measures pressure data inside the boiler (100).

[0072] The load meter (613) measures the load data of the boiler (100). The load of the boiler (100) is the amount of steam generated by the operation of the boiler (100).

[0073] The nitrogen oxide meter (611) measures the concentration data of nitrogen oxide (NOx) contained in combustion gas generated by combustion in the boiler (100).

[0074] The fuel-to-air ratio meter (613) measures the fuel-to-air ratio data of the fuel and air combusted in the burner (110), which can be calculated and measured from the amount of fuel supplied from the fuel supply device (400) to the burner (110) and the amount of air supplied from the air supply device (300) to the burner (110).

[0075] The input unit (700) inputs data regarding the operating conditions of the boiler (100) measured by the sensor module (600).

[0076] Data on the operating conditions of the boiler (100) include data on the operating conditions of the boiler (100) measured by the sensor module (600) described above and data that is directly input. Specifically, when data is input for learning in the modeling unit (500), the actual load of the boiler (100) is input instead of the required steam amount, and when the actual boiler (100) is operated, the required increase amount can be directly input.

[0077] That is, the operating conditions used as learning data in the modeling unit (500) and the operating conditions during operation of the actual boiler (100) are input by the input unit (700).

[0078] The modeling unit (500) constructs a model using data on the operating conditions of the boiler (100) input from the input unit (700) as learning data.

[0079] As shown in Fig. 2, information regarding the operating conditions of the boiler (100) can be classified.

[0080] In the present invention, among the radical distribution data of the flame generated from the burner (110), the OH radical distribution data is set as data A, the temperature of the air supplied from the air supply device (300) to the burner (110), the surrounding temperature, the surrounding humidity, and the pressure of the fuel supplied from the fuel supply device (400) to the burner (110) are set as data B, and among the radical distribution data of the flame generated from the burner (110), the CH, C2 radical distribution data is set as data C, the low water level data of the boiler drum (121) is set as data D, and the amount of steam required during operation is set as data E.

[0081] And, the load data of the boiler (100) is data X, the nitrogen oxide concentration data of the combustion gas generated from the boiler (100) is data Y, and the air-fuel ratio data of the boiler (100) is data Z.

[0082] The modeling unit (500) constructs a model using each of the above data input from the input unit (700) as learning data including input data and output data.

[0083] The modeling unit (500) can build multiple models by using different learning data sets when building models.

[0084] In the present invention, an optimal load operation model, an optimal air-fuel ratio operation model, a minimum nitrogen oxide emission model, and a rapid operation model are constructed, and a boiler water level control model can be additionally constructed, which will be described in detail later.

[0085] The control unit (800) controls the amount of fuel supplied from the fuel supply device (400) to the burner (110) and the amount of air supplied from the air supply device (300) to the burner (110).

[0086] And, the amount of water supplied from the water supply device (200) to the boiler drum (121) is controlled.

[0087] Specifically, the control unit (800) controls the amount of air and fuel supplied to the burner (110) according to the output data derived by applying input data measured and input from the sensor module (600) to one of a number of models constructed in the modeling unit (500) according to the operation mode selected when operating the boiler system.

[0088] And, the amount of water supplied from the water supply device (200) to the boiler drum (121) is controlled according to the water level stored inside the boiler drum (121) derived by applying the air-fuel ratio by the controlled air amount and fuel amount to each of the above driving models.

[0089]

[0090] Next, with further reference to FIGS. 4 to 7, a control method of a boiler system according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.

[0091] First, data regarding the operating conditions of the boiler (100), including input data and output data, are input into the input unit (700) (S100).

[0092] Data regarding the operating conditions of the boiler (100) are entered into the input unit (700).

[0093] As described above, as data regarding the operating conditions of the boiler (100), the following data are input: radical distribution data of a flame generated from a burner (110), low water level data of a boiler drum (121), temperature data of air supplied from an air supply device (300) to a burner (110), temperature data around the boiler (100), humidity data around the boiler (100), pressure data of fuel supplied from a fuel supply device (400) to the burner (110), and pressure data of the boiler (100), load data of the boiler (100), nitrogen oxide concentration data of combustion gas generated from the boiler (100), and air-fuel ratio data of the boiler (100).

[0094] Data regarding the operating conditions of the above boiler (100) are measured and input from each component of the sensor module (600) while the boiler (100) is operated for a predetermined period of time.

[0095] Alternatively, data on existing operating conditions that were operated under similar specifications and conditions to the boiler system may be input into the input unit (700), but preferably, as described above, data is input by measuring from each component of the sensor module (600) while the boiler (100) is operated for a certain period of time.

[0096] Next, the modeling unit (500) constructs an operation model using data on the operation of the boiler (100) input into the input unit (700) as set learning data (S200).

[0097] The modeling unit (500) constructs an operation model using data on the operation of the boiler (100) input through the input unit (700) as learning data.

[0098] As described above, a driving model is constructed using a learning data set in which data related to the operation of the boiler (100) is divided into input data and output data, and as described above, data related to the operation of the boiler (100) can be classified into various categories to establish multiple learning data sets, thereby constructing multiple models.

[0099] As mentioned, in the present invention, among the radical distribution data of the flame generated from the burner (110), the OH radical distribution data is set as data A, the temperature of the air supplied from the air supply device (300) to the burner (110), the ambient temperature, the ambient humidity, and the pressure of the fuel supplied from the fuel supply device (400) to the burner (110) are set as data B, and among the radical distribution data of the flame generated from the burner (110), the CH, C2 radical distribution data is set as data C, the low water level data of the boiler drum (121) is set as data D, and the amount of steam required during operation is set as data E.

[0100] Among the above data, data A, B, C, and D are condition data that affect the performance ratio as conditions of the situation in which the boiler (100) is operated, and data X, Y, and Z are condition data for the results that occur as the boiler (100) is operated.

[0101] Data E is the required steam amount, and can be directly entered during the operation described below, but when entered as learning data, data X, boiler (100) load data, is entered.

[0102] The modeling unit (500) generates learning data by using one or more of data A, B, C, and D as input data and one of data X, Y, and Z as output data, and by selecting the number of input data and output data and learning, a plurality of driving models can be constructed.

[0103] In this embodiment, first, model 1 is set up with data A, B, C, D, and E as input data and data X, Y, and Z as output data.

[0104] Then, model 2 is set up with data A, B, E as input data and data X, Y, Z as output data.

[0105] And, model 3 is set up with data A and E as input data and data X, Y, and Z as output data.

[0106] In the case of models 2 and 3, data C is CH, C2 radical distribution data among the radical distribution data of the flame generated from the burner (110), and data D is the low water level of the boiler drum (121). In data A, only the OH radical data among the radical distribution data of the flame generated from the burner (110) can be used as learning data, and data C can be excluded. In addition, the low water level of the boiler drum (121) is data that has little to do with the operating air-fuel ratio, etc., so by excluding it, the model construction speed and the amount of calculation required for control during actual operation can be reduced.

[0107] In the present invention, the modeling unit (500) constructs an optimal load operation model, an optimal air-fuel ratio operation model, a minimum nitrogen oxide emission model, and a rapid operation model.

[0108] The optimal load operation model, the optimal performance ratio operation model, and the minimum nitrogen oxide operation model can be constructed as the above model 1, and the rapid operation model can be constructed as the above model 2 or 3.

[0109] Additionally, a driving model can be built by setting up other driving models and selecting learning data accordingly.

[0110] In the case of the water level control model, the modeling unit (500) is constructed using the water level of the boiler drum (121) recognized by the object recognition water level sensor (108), the boiler (100) load measured by the boiler load measuring device (113), and the pressure of the boiler (100) measured by the boiler pressure gauge (106) as input data among the data measured through the sensor module (600) and input to the input unit (700), and the amount of water supplied from the water supply device (200) to the boiler drum (121) as output data.

[0111] The amount of water supplied from the water supply device (200) to the boiler drum (121) is input as data by inputting the operating amount (inverter rotation speed, etc.) of the water supply means such as the above-mentioned water supply pump into the input unit (700).

[0112] After building the operation model in this way, actual operation of the boiler system is performed.

[0113] Next, the performance ratio, efficiency, and required steam amount of the boiler (100) are input into the input section (700) (S300).

[0114] The performance ratio, efficiency, and required steam amount of the boiler (100) are input through the input unit (700).

[0115] The efficiency can be known through the specifications of the boiler (100), and the air-fuel ratio can be known along with the amount of steam required from the boiler system.

[0116] Next, the amount of air and fuel supplied to the burner (110) is controlled according to the output data derived by applying the input data measured and input in real time from the sensor module (600) in the actual operation of the boiler system according to the preset operation mode to the operation model constructed in the modeling unit (500) (S400).

[0117] In the present invention, the operation of the boiler system can be performed in multiple modes, and each mode includes an optimal load mode, an optimal air-fuel ratio mode, a minimum nitrogen oxide emission mode, and a rapid mode.

[0118] When the boiler (100) is operated, operation is performed according to a pre-selected operation mode among each operation mode, and the amount of air and fuel supplied to the burner (110) is controlled according to the output data derived by applying the input data measured and input from each component of the sensor module (600) to one of the operation models constructed in the modeling unit (500).

[0119] Referring to FIGS. 4 to 7, a method for controlling a boiler system according to each of the above operation modes in step S400 is described.

[0120] Describes the control method according to the optimal load mode.

[0121] First, the optimal load mode is selected among the driving modes (S411).

[0122] The optimal load mode is selected from among the multiple driving modes through the input unit (700).

[0123] Next, air and fuel are supplied to the burner (110) according to the performance ratio, efficiency and required steam amount (S412).

[0124] The control unit (800) controls the fuel supply device (400) and the air supply device (300) (or fuel supply means, air supply means) according to the performance ratio, efficiency, and required steam amount input through the input unit (700), thereby supplying air and fuel to the burner (110).

[0125] Next, input data measured through the sensor module (600) is input into the input unit (700) and applied to the optimal load operation model constructed in the modeling unit (500) (S413).

[0126] The above A, B, C, and D data are measured through the sensor module (600), and the measured data is input as input data to the optimal load driving model among the driving models constructed by the modeling unit (500).

[0127] As a result, data X, Y, and Z, which are output data, are derived, and since this mode is the optimal load mode, data X is used.

[0128] Next, the input data is applied to the optimal load operation model to control the amount of air and fuel supplied to the burner (110) so that the resulting boiler (100) load becomes the required amount of steam (S414).

[0129] The control unit (800) controls the air-fuel ratio again so that the boiler (100) load derived by applying the above input data to the optimal load operation model becomes the required amount of steam.

[0130] That is, in the above optimal load mode, the fuel supply device (400) and the air supply device (300) are operated according to data Y in a state where data X is greater than or equal to the pre-input required steam amount data E, thereby controlling the fuel and air ratio of the fuel and air supplied to the burner (110).

[0131] This optimal load mode controls the air-fuel ratio according to the required steam amount, and is a mode that controls the air-fuel ratio by giving priority to the load of the boiler (100) over fuel efficiency according to the air-fuel ratio or nitrogen oxides generated by combustion of the boiler (100).

[0132] Next, the control method according to the optimal performance ratio mode is explained.

[0133] First, the optimal performance ratio mode is selected among the driving modes (S421).

[0134] The optimal performance ratio mode is selected from among the above multiple driving modes through the input unit (700).

[0135] Next, air and fuel are supplied to the burner (110) according to the performance ratio, efficiency and required steam amount (S422).

[0136] The control unit (800) controls the fuel supply device (400) and the air supply device (300) (or fuel supply means, air supply means) according to the performance ratio, efficiency, and required steam amount input through the input unit (700), thereby supplying air and fuel to the burner (110).

[0137] Next, input data measured through the sensor module (600) is input into the input unit (700) and applied to the optimal performance ratio operation model constructed in the modeling unit (500) (S423).

[0138] Data A, B, C, and D are measured through the sensor module (600), and the measured data is input as input data to the optimal performance ratio driving model among the driving models constructed by the modeling unit (500).

[0139] As a result, data X, Y, and Z, which are output data, are derived, and since this mode is the optimal performance ratio mode, data Y is used.

[0140] Next, the input data is applied to the optimal performance ratio driving model, and the amount of air and fuel supplied to the burner (110) are controlled again so that the fuel supply is minimized based on the derived performance ratio data (S424).

[0141] The control unit (800) applies the input data to the optimal performance ratio driving model and controls the performance ratio again so that the fuel supply is minimized from the performance ratio data derived.

[0142] That is, in the above optimal performance ratio mode, the fuel supply device (400) and the air supply device (300) are operated so that the fuel supply is minimized at the performance ratio data Y, thereby controlling the performance ratio of the fuel and air supplied to the burner (110).

[0143] This optimal performance ratio mode is a mode that controls the performance ratio to minimize fuel use, and prioritizes controlling the performance ratio over increasing fuel efficiency rather than the boiler (100) load or nitrogen oxides generated by boiler (100) combustion.

[0144]

[0145] Next, a control method according to the minimum nitrogen oxide emission mode is described.

[0146] First, the minimum nitrogen oxide emission mode is selected among the driving modes (S431).

[0147] The minimum nitrogen oxide emission mode among the above multiple driving modes is selected through the input unit (700).

[0148] Next, air and fuel are supplied to the burner (110) according to the performance ratio, efficiency and required steam amount (S432).

[0149] The control unit (800) controls the fuel supply device (400) and the air supply device (300) (or fuel supply means, air supply means) according to the performance ratio, efficiency, and required steam amount input through the input unit (700), thereby supplying air and fuel to the burner (110).

[0150] Next, input data measured through the sensor module (600) is input into the input unit (700) and applied to the minimum nitrogen oxide driving model constructed in the modeling unit (500) (S423).

[0151] A, B, C, and D data are measured through the sensor module (600), and the measured data is input as input data to the minimum nitrogen oxide driving model among the driving models constructed by the modeling unit (500).

[0152] As a result, data X, Y, and Z, which are output data, are derived, and since this mode is a minimum nitrogen oxide driving model, data Z is used.

[0153] Next, the input data is applied to the minimum nitrogen oxide driving model, and the amount of air and fuel supplied to the burner (110) are controlled again so that nitrogen oxide emissions are minimized from the derived performance ratio data (S433).

[0154] The control unit (800) applies the input data to the minimum nitrogen oxide driving model and controls the air-fuel ratio again so that nitrogen oxide emissions are minimized from the derived air-fuel ratio data.

[0155] That is, in the above minimum nitrogen oxide operation model, the fuel supply device (400) and the air supply device (300) are operated so that the nitrogen oxide emission concentration data, which is data Z, is minimized, thereby controlling the air-fuel ratio of the fuel and air supplied to the burner (110).

[0156] This minimum nitrogen oxide emission mode is a mode that controls the fuel ratio to minimize nitrogen oxide emissions, and controls the fuel ratio by giving priority to reducing nitrogen oxides over boiler (100) load or fuel efficiency.

[0157]

[0158] Next, the control method according to the quick mode is explained.

[0159] First, the quick mode is selected among the driving modes (S441).

[0160] A quick mode is selected from among the above multiple driving modes through the input unit (700).

[0161] Next, air and fuel are supplied to the burner (110) according to the performance ratio, efficiency and required steam amount (S442).

[0162] The control unit (800) controls the fuel supply device (400) and the air supply device (300) (or fuel supply means, air supply means) according to the performance ratio, efficiency, and required steam amount input through the input unit (700), thereby supplying air and fuel to the burner (110).

[0163] Next, among the input data measured through the sensor module (600) in the input unit (700), the distribution of OH radicals of the flame generated from the burner (110), the temperature of the air, the temperature of the surroundings, the humidity of the surroundings, and the pressure of the fuel supplied from the fuel supply device (400) to the burner (110) are input and applied to the rapid operation model constructed in the modeling unit (500) (S443).

[0164] Data A, B, C, and D are measured through the sensor module (600), and among the measured data, only data A, B, or A is input as input data to the rapid driving model among the driving models constructed by the modeling unit (500).

[0165] In this way, data X, Y, and Z, which are output data, are derived, and since this mode is a quick mode, only data A, B, or A is input into model 2 or 3 constructed in the modeling unit (500) to derive output data, so that quick result data can be derived.

[0166] Next, the input data is applied to the rapid driving model to control the amount of air and fuel supplied to the burner (110) again according to the derived performance ratio data (S444).

[0167] The control unit (800) controls the performance ratio again according to the performance ratio data derived by applying the above input data to the high-speed driving model, and the data Y becomes the optimal performance ratio data derived using A, B or A as input data.

[0168] That is, in the above-described rapid driving model, the fuel supply device (400) and the air supply device (300) are operated according to the performance ratio data Y, thereby controlling the performance ratio of the fuel and air supplied to the burner (110).

[0169] This type of fast mode is similar to optimal fuel ratio control in that it controls the fuel ratio to minimize fuel use, but it minimizes the amount of computation by deriving output data by minimizing input data, thereby enabling fast control.

[0170] Next, the control unit (800) controls the amount of water supplied from the water supply device (200) to the boiler drum (121) according to the water level of the boiler drum (121) derived by applying the air-fuel ratio based on the controlled air amount and fuel amount to each of the above driving models.

[0171] The control unit (800) controls the air-fuel ratio according to the output data according to each of the above driving modes, and then, in addition, the control unit (800) applies the water level of the boiler drum (121), the boiler load, and the pressure of the boiler, among the data measured in real time through the sensor module (600) and input to the input unit (700), to the water level control model to control the amount of water supplied to the boiler drum (121), thereby maintaining the water level of the boiler drum (121) constant.

[0172]

[0173] As described above, according to the industrial boiler system and control method thereof according to the present invention, the boiler can be controlled by selecting the optimal boiler load, optimal air-fuel ratio, and minimum nitrogen oxide emission according to the operation mode of the boiler while considering various factors in a multidimensional manner rather than fragmentary conditions among the various conditions affecting the air-fuel ratio in the operation of the boiler.

[0174] In addition, the stability of the boiler can be improved by precisely controlling the low water level of the boiler drum in real time according to the above-mentioned operating conditions, rather than the intermittent water supply method of the existing boiler drum.

[0175]

[0176] While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. That is, those skilled in the art will appreciate that numerous modifications and variations to the present invention can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the appended claims, and all such appropriate modifications and equivalents should be considered within the scope of the present invention.

[0177]

[0178] (Explanation of drawing symbols)

[0179] 100: Boiler

[0180] 110: Burner

[0181] 120: Combustion

[0182] 121: Boiler drum

[0183] 200: Water supply device

[0184] 300: Air supply device

[0185] 400: Fuel supply unit

[0186] 500: Modeling Department

[0187] 600: Sensor module

[0188] 700: Input section

[0189] 800: Control Unit

Claims

1. A boiler (100) in which steam is generated through heat exchange between the heat of a flame generated by a burner (110) in which supplied fuel and air are combusted and water stored in a boiler drum (121); A water supply device (200) that supplies water to the above boiler drum (121); A fuel supply device (400) that supplies fuel to the above burner (110); An air supply device (300) that supplies air to the above burner (110); A sensor module (600) for measuring input data including one or more of the radical distribution of a flame generated from the burner (110), the water level of the boiler drum (121), the temperature of air supplied from the air supply device (300) to the burner (110), the ambient temperature, the ambient humidity, the pressure of fuel supplied from the fuel supply device (400) to the burner (110), and the pressure of the boiler (100), and output data including the load of the boiler (100), the nitrogen oxide concentration of the combustion gas generated from the boiler (100), and the air-fuel ratio of the boiler (100); An input section (700) into which input data, output data measured by the sensor module (600) and the required amount of steam to be generated by the boiler (100) are input as input data; A modeling unit (500) that builds a driving model using learning data selected from input data and output data measured by the above sensor module (600); and A control unit (800) that controls the amount of air and fuel supplied to the burner (110) according to the output data derived by applying input data measured by the sensor module (600) and input to the input unit (700) during operation of the boiler (100) to the operation model constructed in the modeling unit (500) according to the selected operation mode; Boiler system.

2. In paragraph 1, The above driving model includes an optimal load driving model, an optimal air-fuel ratio driving model, a minimum nitrogen oxide driving model, and a rapid driving model. The above optimal load driving model, the above optimal performance ratio driving model and the above minimum nitrogen oxide driving model are constructed by setting all input data and all output data measured by the sensor module (600) as learning data. The above rapid driving model is constructed by setting the input data measured by the sensor module (600), including the distribution of OH radicals of the flame generated from the burner (110), the temperature of the air, the temperature of the surroundings, the humidity of the surroundings, the pressure of the fuel supplied from the fuel supply device (400) to the burner (110), the pressure data of the steam generated from the boiler (100), and all of the output data as learning data. Boiler system.

3. In paragraph 2, The above driving modes include an optimum load mode, an optimum performance ratio mode, a minimum nitrogen oxide emission mode, and a fast mode. In the above optimal load mode, The performance ratio, efficiency and required steam amount of the boiler (100) are input into the above input section (700). The above control unit (800) supplies air and fuel to the burner (110) according to the air-to-fuel ratio, efficiency and required steam amount inputted into the input unit (700), and applies the input data measured through the sensor module (600) and inputted into the input unit (700) to the optimal load operation model so that the boiler (100) load derived from the input data is the required steam amount, thereby controlling the amount of air and fuel supplied to the burner (110). Boiler system.

4. In paragraph 2, The above driving modes include an optimum load mode, an optimum performance ratio mode, a minimum nitrogen oxide emission mode, and a fast mode. In the above optimal performance ratio mode, The performance ratio, efficiency and required steam amount of the boiler (100) are input into the above input section (700). The above control unit (800) supplies air and fuel to the burner (110) according to the air-fuel ratio, efficiency and required steam amount, and controls the amount of air and fuel supplied to the burner (110) again so that the supplied fuel is minimized at the optimum air-fuel ratio derived by applying the input data to the optimum air-fuel ratio operation model. Boiler system.

5. In paragraph 2, The above driving modes include an optimum load mode, an optimum performance ratio mode, a minimum nitrogen oxide emission mode, and a fast mode. In the above minimum nitrogen oxide emission mode, The performance ratio, efficiency and required steam amount of the boiler (100) are input into the above input section (700). The above control unit (800) supplies air and fuel to the burner (110) according to the above performance ratio, efficiency and required steam amount, and controls the amount of air and fuel supplied to the burner (110) again according to the minimum nitrogen oxide concentration derived by applying all input data input to the input unit (700) to the minimum nitrogen oxide operation model. Boiler system.

6. In paragraph 2, The above driving modes include an optimum load mode, an optimum performance ratio mode, a minimum nitrogen oxide emission mode, and a fast mode. In the above fast mode, The performance ratio, efficiency and required steam amount of the boiler (100) are input into the above input section (700). The above control unit (800) supplies air and fuel to the burner (110) according to the air-fuel ratio, efficiency and required steam amount, and applies the input data measured through the sensor module (600) and input to the input unit (700), among which the radical distribution of the flame generated from the burner (110), the air temperature, the surrounding temperature, the surrounding humidity, the pressure of the fuel supplied from the fuel supply device (400) to the burner (110), and the pressure data of the boiler (100), to the rapid operation model, and controls the amount of air and fuel supplied to the burner (110) again according to the optimal air-fuel ratio derived. Boiler system.

7. In any one of paragraphs 3 to 6, The above modeling unit (500) uses the water level of the boiler drum (121), the boiler load, and the pressure of the boiler as input data among the data measured through the sensor module (600) and input to the input unit (700), and further constructs a water level control model using the amount of water supplied from the water supply device (200) to the boiler drum (121) as output data. The above control unit (800) applies the data measured in real time through the sensor module (600) and input to the input unit (700), including the water level of the boiler drum (121), the boiler load, and the pressure of the boiler, to the water level control model to control the amount of water supplied to the boiler drum (121) and maintain the water level of the boiler drum (121) constant. Boiler system.

8. In paragraph 2, The above sensor module (600) is A photodiode (601) for measuring the distribution of OH radicals of a flame generated from the burner (110) and a flame diagnostic sensor (607) for measuring the distribution of CH and C2 radicals of a flame generated from the burner (110) through an image; An object recognition water level sensor (608) that recognizes the water level stored in the boiler drum (121) photographed from an imaging device; An air thermometer (602) that measures the temperature of air supplied from the air supply device (300) to the burner (110); Ambient thermometer (103) for measuring the surrounding temperature; Ambient hygrometer (604) for measuring ambient humidity; A fuel pressure gauge (605) that measures the pressure of fuel supplied from the fuel supply device (400) to the burner (110); A boiler pressure gauge (606) for measuring the pressure of the above boiler (100); A load measuring device (613) for measuring the load of the above boiler (100); A nitrogen oxide meter (611) for measuring the nitrogen oxide concentration of combustion gas generated from the above boiler (100); and Including a fuel ratio measuring device (613) that measures the fuel ratio from the amount of fuel and air supplied to the above boiler (100); Boiler system.

9. In paragraph 8, The above flame diagnostic sensor (607) measures the distribution of OH, CH and C2 radicals of the flame generated from the burner (110). The above modeling unit (500) builds the driving model by including the distribution of OH, CH and C2 radicals of the flame measured by the flame diagnosis sensor (607) in the input data, The above control unit (800) controls the amount of air and fuel supplied to the burner (110) according to the boiler load, air-fuel ratio or nitrogen oxide concentration derived by applying the distribution of OH, CH and C2 radicals of the flame measured in real time to the above operation model. Boiler system.

10. In paragraph 8, The above object recognition water level sensor (608) measures the water level stored in the boiler drum (121). The above modeling unit (500) builds the operation model by including the water level measured in the boiler drum (121) stored in the boiler drum (121) in the input data, and The above control unit (800) applies the water level of the boiler drum (121), the boiler load, and the pressure of the boiler, which are measured in real time, to the above operation model to control the amount of water supplied to the boiler drum (121), thereby maintaining the water level of the boiler drum (121) constant. Boiler system.

11. A method for controlling a boiler system according to Article 2, (a) a step in which data on boiler (100) operating conditions including the input data and the output data are input into an input unit (700); (b) a step in which the modeling unit (500) constructs the operation model using the input data on the operation of the boiler (100) as the set learning data; (c) a step in which the performance ratio, efficiency and required steam amount of the boiler (100) are input into the input unit (700); (d) a step of controlling the amount of air and fuel supplied to the burner (110) according to the output data derived by applying the input data measured and input from the sensor module (600) according to the preset driving mode to the driving model constructed in the modeling unit (500); Control method.

12. In paragraph 11, Step (b) above, Among the above driving models, The above optimal load driving model, the above optimal air-fuel ratio driving model and the above minimum nitrogen oxide driving model are constructed by setting all input data and all output data measured in the sensor module (600) as learning data. The above rapid driving model is a step in which a rapid driving model is constructed by setting the input data measured by the sensor module (600), among which the radical distribution of the flame generated from the burner (110), the air temperature, the surrounding temperature, the surrounding humidity, the pressure of the fuel supplied from the fuel supply device (400) to the burner (110), the pressure data of the boiler (100), and the output data, as learning data. Control method.

13. In paragraph 12, Step (d) above, (d11) A step in which the optimal load mode is selected among the above driving modes; (d12) The control unit (800) supplies air and fuel to the burner (110) according to the performance ratio, efficiency, and required steam amount; (d13) a step in which input data measured through the sensor module (600) is input into the input unit (700) and applied to the optimal load operation model constructed in the modeling unit (500); and (d4) a step in which the control unit (800) controls the amount of air and fuel supplied to the burner (110) again so that the boiler (100) load derived by applying the input data to the optimal load operation model becomes the required amount of steam; Control method.

14. In paragraph 12, Step (d) above, (d21) A step in which the optimal performance ratio mode is selected among the above driving modes; (d22) The control unit (800) supplies air and fuel to the burner (110) according to the performance ratio, efficiency, and required steam amount; (d23) a step in which input data measured through the sensor module (600) is input into the input unit (700) and applied to the optimal performance ratio operation model constructed in the modeling unit (500); and (d24) The control unit (800) controls the amount of air and fuel supplied to the burner (110) again so that the supplied fuel is minimized at the optimal air-fuel ratio derived by applying the input data to the optimal air-fuel ratio operation model. Control method.

15. In paragraph 12, Step (d) above, (d31) A step in which the minimum nitrogen oxide emission mode is selected among the above driving modes; (d32) The control unit (800) supplies air and fuel to the burner (110) according to the performance ratio, efficiency, and required steam amount; (d33) A step in which input data measured through the sensor module (600) is input into the input unit (700) and applied to the optimal performance ratio operation model constructed in the modeling unit (500); and (d34) The control unit (800) includes a step of controlling the amount of air and fuel supplied to the burner (110) again according to the nitrogen oxide concentration derived by applying the input data to the minimum nitrogen oxide operation model; Control method.

16. In paragraph 12, Step (d) above, (d41) A step in which a quick mode is selected among the above driving modes; (d42) The control unit (800) supplies air and fuel to the burner (110) according to the performance ratio, efficiency, and required steam amount; (d43) A step of inputting data measured through the sensor module (600) to the input unit (700), including the distribution of OH radicals of a flame generated from a burner (110), air temperature, ambient temperature, ambient humidity, pressure of fuel supplied from the fuel supply device (400) to the burner (110), and pressure data of the boiler (100) and applying them to the rapid operation model constructed in the modeling unit (500); and (d44) The control unit (800) controls the amount of air and fuel supplied to the burner (110) again according to the optimal air-fuel ratio derived by applying the input data to the rapid operation model. Control method.

17. In any one of paragraphs 12 to 16, In step (b) above, The above modeling unit (500) uses the water level of the boiler drum (121), the boiler load, and the pressure of the boiler as input data among the data measured through the sensor module (600) and input to the input unit (700), and further constructs a water level control model using the amount of water supplied from the water supply device (200) to the boiler drum (121) as output data. After step (d) above, (e) The control unit (800) further includes a step of applying data, including the water level of the boiler drum (121), boiler load, and boiler pressure, measured in real time through the sensor module (600) and input to the input unit (700), to the water level control model to control the amount of water supplied to the boiler drum (121) and thereby maintain the water level of the boiler drum (121) constant; Control method.

Images