Method for reinforcing high-piled wharf and reinforcing apparatus

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for reinforcing a high-piled wharf and a reinforcing apparatus. The reinforcing method comprises the following steps: 1) separately reinforcing each steel pipe pile by using a method of grouting matching reinforcing pieces; 2) at the same horizontal height, connecting the steel pipe piles at the same height by using the reinforcing pieces, and forming a plurality of horizontal reinforcement layers and / or connecting the reinforcing pieces at different heights of adjacent steel pipe piles by using height differences, such that an integral structure connected in at least two directions is formed between the plurality of steel pipe piles. According to the present invention, by means of performing construction such as reinforcing the steel pipe piles multiple times and enabling the plurality of steel pipe piles to form the integral structure, the firmness of reinforcement is ensured, and a low-cost reinforcement method is also implemented.

Description

Reinforcement method and device for high-pile wharf Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of reinforcement of high-pile docks, and in particular to a reinforcement method and a reinforcement device for high-pile docks. Background Art

[0002] Currently, existing dock reinforcement methods generally include split piers, local reinforcement, sheet pile reinforcement, expanded fenders, and forward pile platforms. These methods, without altering the existing structure, reinforce the dock by adding new structures to withstand the horizontal forces generated by berthing ships. These methods are simple to construct and are widely adopted. However, these reinforcement methods are constrained by dock space, impose significant restrictions on pile driving, require high technical requirements for integrating new and existing structures, reduce the operating range of the dock's overhead crane loading and unloading arms, and require the operator of the existing structure to cease operations during construction, resulting in high construction costs.

[0003] At the same time, the reinforcement method in the existing technology requires the use of multiple terminal equipment, which increases the overall reinforcement cost. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a reinforcement method and a reinforcement device for an existing high-pile wharf. Through grouting and various connections, multiple high-pile wharves are not only reinforced by grouting, but also connected at multiple locations to form an integral structure. The entire construction method is simple and the reinforcement effect is good.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions.

[0006] The reinforcement method of high-pile wharf includes the following steps:

[0007] 1) Each steel pipe pile is reinforced separately by grouting and reinforcement;

[0008] 2) At the same level, use reinforcement pieces to connect the steel pipe piles at the same height to form several horizontal reinforcement layers;

[0009] And / or utilize the height difference to connect the reinforcement members at different heights of adjacent steel pipe piles, so that a whole structure connected in at least two directions is formed among the plurality of steel pipe piles.

[0010] Furthermore, the grouting material is a material with self-flowing properties and a compressive strength of not less than 60 MPa.

[0011] Furthermore, in the step of pouring the grouting material, the grouting pressure is not less than 0.2 MPa and the pouring speed does not exceed 8-10 L / min.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a horizontal reinforcement layer located at a position of -2.5 mCD, which is used to reduce the net length of the pile foundation to reduce the disturbance deformation of the pile foundation.

[0013] Furthermore, the steel pipe piles are straight piles and inclined piles that are respectively perpendicular and inclined to the offshore direction, and the reinforcement pieces are connected to form an inclined reinforcement structure to achieve resistance to the pull-out force of the inclined piles.

[0014] Furthermore, the horizontal reinforcement layer includes a horizontal reinforcement layer in the X-axis direction and a horizontal reinforcement layer in the Z-axis direction, and the inclined reinforcement structure includes at least inclined reinforcement layers connecting the XY axis direction and the ZY axis direction to form an overall structure in a three-dimensional direction.

[0015] Furthermore, the horizontal reinforcement layer is provided at the intersection where adjacent inclined piles intersect with the upper structure of the wharf.

[0016] The present invention also discloses a reinforcement device for a high-pile dock, comprising a plurality of steel pipe piles extending into the seawater and connected to the dock superstructure. The steel pipe piles are provided with reinforcement members on their outer peripheries. The reinforcement members include clamps sleeved on the steel pipe piles. At least two clamps at different heights are provided where the steel pipe piles are close to the dock superstructure and in the seawater.

[0017] A filling space is formed between the clamp and the steel pipe pile, and the filling space is filled with a grouting structure, and the grouting structure is used to connect the clamp and the steel pipe pile;

[0018] The reinforcement member also includes a support member, and the hoops at the same height on several steel pipe piles are connected by the support member to form a horizontal reinforcement layer, and / or the hoops at different heights in adjacent steel pipe piles are connected by the support member, so that an integral structure connected in at least two directions is formed between the several steel pipe piles.

[0019] Furthermore, it is characterized in that a connecting plate is provided on the outside of the clamp, and the connecting plate is provided with a plurality of assembly hole groups located at different heights, and adjacent assembly hole groups are isolated by rib plates.

[0020] Furthermore, the hoops on different steel pipe piles are connected by connecting the assembly hole groups at the same height through a horizontal reinforcement layer, and / or connecting the assembly hole groups at different heights through an inclined reinforcement layer.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] Compared with the simple connection or reinforcement in the prior art, the present invention adopts the method of first grouting reinforcement and then matching connection to make the reinforced structure integrated, so that the entire reinforcement method is simple and not easily affected by space and the like.

[0023] Secondly, the present invention first uses a clamp to cover the steel pipe pile, so that the strength of the steel pipe pile body is enhanced. At this time, multiple clamps are set, and the entire resistance to external forces is strengthened. The clamp structure is relatively small, and the construction is not restricted by the existing excessive structures.

[0024] Thirdly, compared with simple sleeve arrangement, the present invention adds a grouting structure, which increases the strength of the connection between the clamp and the steel pipe pile. Compared with separate grouting or clamping, it achieves the effect of one plus one being greater than two.

[0025] Finally, in the present invention, the support members are used to connect the clamps directly, thereby forming an integral structure between the multiple steel pipe piles located underwater. At this time, the resistance and reinforcement strength are far greater than the reinforcement of each individual, and combined with the fact that the steel pipe pile bodies have been reinforced, the overall strength of the wharf can be increased at a lower cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] FIG1 is a construction flow chart of a method for reinforcing a high-pile wharf provided by the present invention;

[0027] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a vertical pile wharf reinforcement device provided by the present invention;

[0028] FIG3 is a front view of the straight pile wharf reinforcement device provided by the present invention;

[0029] FIG4 is a partial enlarged view of the vertical pile wharf reinforcement device provided by the present invention;

[0030] FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of the inclined pile wharf reinforcement device provided by the present invention;

[0031] In the picture:

[0032] 100, steel pipe pile; 200, reinforcement; 210, horizontal reinforcement layer; 220, inclined reinforcement layer; 300, clamp; 310, support plate; 320, limit plate; 400, connecting plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the various embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings, but it should be noted that these embodiments are not limitations of the present invention, and any equivalent transformations or substitutions in functions, methods, or structures made by ordinary technicians in this field based on these embodiments are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] 1-5 , the reinforcement method of the existing high-pile wharf in the present invention is to reinforce each steel pipe pile 100 in the horizontal direction and / or vertical direction by grouting and reinforcing members 200.

[0035] The horizontal reinforcement is to connect the steel pipe piles 100 at the same height using reinforcement members 200 to form several horizontal reinforcement layers;

[0036] The vertical reinforcement is to utilize the height difference to connect the reinforcement members 200 at different heights of adjacent steel pipe piles 100, so that a plurality of steel pipe piles 100 form an integral structure connected in at least two directions;

[0037] In order to achieve better reinforcement, the reinforcement member 200 includes a clamp 300 sleeved on the steel pipe pile 100, and at least when the steel pipe pile 100 is close to the dock superstructure and the sea water, two clamps 300 at different heights are provided, and the grouting is filled between the clamp 300 and the steel pipe pile 100.

[0038] In this embodiment, during the specific reinforcement, several clamps 300 are first set outside the steel pipe pile 100 of the existing high pile to form a reinforcement piece, and then pouring is carried out between the reinforcement piece 200 and the steel pipe pile 100. Specifically, a grouting material that meets the strength requirements, can be constructed underwater and has a good self-flowing effect is selected for pouring.

[0039] Then in the horizontal direction, separate connections are made to achieve horizontal integration.

[0040] Finally, in the vertical direction, the height difference is utilized to connect the reinforcements at different heights of adjacent steel pipe piles, so that an overall structure connected in at least two directions is formed between the steel pipe piles.

[0041] The beneficial effects of this embodiment are as follows:

[0042] 1. Avoid underwater welding: This project requires underwater work. Since the connecting plates and ribbed plates are processed in the factory, they are connected by bolts to avoid underwater construction (compared to the crossbeams in the patent, which are connected to the connecting plates by welding). Underwater welding will produce a lot of smoke, resulting in reduced visibility and construction difficulties. In addition, the weld has a high hydrogen content, which is prone to cracking.

[0043] 2. This method is applicable to the case where other structures have been poured or installed on the upper part of the pile foundation, and reinforcement is performed without changing the existing structure. In the prior art, the upper part of the pile foundation is blank and has no structure, and a steel cage or pile core concrete can be poured for reinforcement. However, in this embodiment, the upper part of the pile foundation has many restrictions and has an existing structure.

[0044] According to different heights, the connection is carried out again, so that the entire structure forms a spider web structure, which has better stability and integrity, and enhanced compression resistance. At the same time, the technical solution of the present invention is applicable to the reinforcement of both straight piles and inclined piles.

[0045] Referring to FIG. 2 , in this embodiment, the reinforcement method for high-pile straight piles is as follows: (1) Steel hoop 100. The existing high-pile wharf pile foundation is a steel pipe pile 100 with a diameter of 1000 mm. The reinforcement member 200 includes a hoop 300. Specifically, the hoop is made of 25 mm thick S355 steel plate with an inner diameter of 1060 mm. Depending on the project situation, the hoop height is divided into three types: 450 mm, 950 mm, and 1300 mm. The maximum weight of a single hoop is 850 kg.

[0046] The clamp 200 and the steel pipe pile 100 are connected by grouting material. The grouting material is SikaGrout UW-MY (specifically, the grouting material produced by the Malaysian supplier Sika Company, model SikaGrout UW-MY), which has a 28-day compressive strength of up to 60Mpa. This grouting material can be constructed underwater and has a good self-flowing effect.

[0047] Before pouring the grouting material, a small hoop made of 14mm thick steel plate needs to be installed at the bottom of the hoop 300 to form a support plate 310 with a diameter of 1000mm and a height of 100mm. A 3mm thick steel plate is welded on the top of the hoop 300 to form a limit plate 320. The main function of this small hoop is to support the upper main hoop and fix it in the designated position before grouting construction. The 3mm thick steel plate is mainly used to prevent the grouting material from overflowing.

[0048] (2) Support rods. There are two types of support rods: one is a horizontal support (forming the horizontal reinforcement layer 210) and the other is a diagonal support (i.e., the inclined reinforcement layer 220). The support rods are made of S355 steel pipes with a diameter of 219 mm and a wall thickness of 16 mm. The two ends of the steel pipes are welded to a square steel plate with a side length of 240 mm and a thickness of 20 mm. The weight of the steel pipe support rod is 86.4 kg / m. A connecting steel plate with two bolt holes is welded to the steel plate with a side length of 240 mm. The dimensions of the connecting steel plate are 275 mm*220 mm and 343 mm*220 mm (for diagonal support). The thickness of the connecting steel plate is 30 mm, the diameter of the bolt hole is 30 mm, and the bolts are M27 high-strength bolts. The main purpose of this connecting plate is to form a whole with the support rod and to be connected to the clamp by bolts.

[0049] (3) Connecting plate 400 for clamps. The connecting plate 400 for clamps is made of 30mm thick S355 steel, with a width of 350mm and the same height as the clamp 300. Three 20mm thick reinforced plates are welded on both sides of the connecting plate to make the connection between the connecting plate and the clamp more secure. The connecting plate and the clamp are connected by welding, and the two connecting plates are connected by bolts. The bolt hole diameter is 30mm and the bolts are M27 high-strength bolts. Two bolts are required for a height of 450mm, six bolts are required for a height of 950mm, and eight bolts are required for a height of 1300mm. Bolt holes are also reserved for connection with support rods, and the number is determined by the number of connecting rods.

[0050] The average sea level for this project is +1.23mCD. The reinforced lateral supports for this project are divided into two layers, with the upper layer at +1.5mCD and the lower layer at -2.5mCD. Therefore, during construction, the lower support components must be completed underwater, and the reinforced components will be exposed to corrosive conditions such as seawater for a long time. This reinforcement method avoids the durability issues of reinforced components caused by seawater by applying an anti-corrosion coating to the components and replacing the traditional clamping structure with a corrosion-resistant, high-strength grouting material instead of the non-corrosive rubber pad between the clamping and the pile.

[0051] All components of this reinforcement method can be processed in the factory in advance. Before processing in the factory, the surface of the pile foundation to be reinforced on site needs to be cleaned, surface attachments removed, and the pile foundation spacing and plane position measured. After measurement, the components are processed in the factory according to the measurement data. In order to avoid bolt hole displacement caused by processing errors, the bolt holes of the connecting plate connected to the clamp can be processed in the factory according to the drawings, and the bolt holes of the connecting plate connected to the support rods can be drilled on site. According to the size of the connecting plate, ensure that the distance between the hole and the edge of the plate is not less than 50mm, and the allowable deviation of the plane position of the hole must be controlled within 20mm to ensure that it can be adjusted according to the actual situation on site during installation.

[0052] After transportation to the site, installation is carried out. Before installation, a temporary small clamp is installed to support the main clamp. After the main clamp is installed, the horizontal support and diagonal support are installed. The bolts are tightened with a torque wrench to a tightening torque of 900Nm.

[0053] After all support rods are installed, the clamps are grouted. The grouting material is impact-resistant and vibration-resistant. The grouting material is mixed on site, requiring 17-19L of water for every 100kg. 80% of the water is first added to the mixing equipment, and then the raw materials are added to the water and mixed. The remaining 20% ​​of water is added during the mixing process. Once the mixture is evenly mixed, grouting is carried out. A 30mm diameter flexible pipe is used for grouting. The outlet of the flexible pipe is lowered from the upper edge of the clamp to the bottom of the clamp. Grouting is then carried out, and the water between the clamp and the pile is drained through the grouting material. As the grouting material fills, the flexible pipe slowly rises, but the outlet of the flexible pipe must not exceed the top of the grouting material. The outlet of the flexible pipe remains inside the grouting material until the gap between the clamp and the pile is completely filled.

[0054] After grouting is completed, check whether the anti-corrosion coating of the supporting components is damaged due to construction. For damaged locations, underwater painting will be carried out. The anti-corrosion coating is incompatible with water. Divers will repair the damaged areas, and the new coating will overlap with the surrounding original coating by at least 50mm.

[0055] Once installed, this device effectively prevents poor reinforcement results caused by seawater corrosion and enhances durability. Since the clamp is connected to the pile foundation via grouting, the component's adjustability is greatly increased during installation, even for large areas requiring reinforcement. After the support rods are installed, the clamp's orientation is fine-tuned before the grouting is finally poured.

[0056] This device has a wide range of applications. It is not only suitable for reinforcing existing docks in freshwater environments, but also for reinforcing existing structures under seawater corrosion conditions. By changing the type of contact material between the clamp and the pile foundation, the durability of the reinforcement device can be improved, and the constructability of the reinforcement device can be improved.

[0057] The present invention has a simple structure and is relatively easy to install, and can effectively improve installation efficiency and reinforcement effect.

[0058] (1) The front of the wharf of this project is a berth, which needs to be dredged. Since the surface layer is silt soil, the soil at the pile foundation will slide during dredging, resulting in a decrease in the depth of the pile foundation cover and a reduction in the overall stability of the wharf. Therefore, the wharf needs to be reinforced before dredging the berth. In order to ensure that the operation of the existing wharf is not affected during the reinforcement process, the wharf reinforcement is considered to be carried out by increasing the overall stiffness and stability of the wharf. Referring to the inter-column support of a single-story steel structure factory building as an example, the form of inter-pile support is adopted.

[0059] (2) In the marine environment, the pile foundation is corroded and the junction between the superstructure and the pile foundation is relatively weak. Under the long-term lateral load of ship berthing and the longitudinal load of the upper crane, this weak position is prone to fatigue. The longitudinal and transverse stiffness of the wharf is increased by inter-pile support, and the upper berthing load and crane operation load are transmitted to the bottom of the pile foundation through the inter-pile support to avoid the load affecting the junction between the superstructure and the pile foundation.

[0060] (3) The wharf is simplified into a cantilever structure. When a ship berths, the rubber fender provides a berthing force to the wharf, and the deflection and deformation of the pile top and the superstructure are the largest.

[0061] (4) To ensure that the berthing load and the crane operation load are smoothly transmitted to the lower part of the pile foundation, the upper horizontal support is arranged at the top of the pile foundation (+1.5mCD). Since the longitudinal net spacing of the pile foundation is about 5.3m and the inter-column support (diagonal brace) is generally arranged at an angle of 35°-55° to the horizontal, the lower horizontal support is arranged at an elevation of -2.5mCD.

[0062] (5) Upper and lower horizontal supports: their main function is to enhance the lateral stability and rigidity of the existing wharf.

[0063] (6) Upper and lower longitudinal horizontal supports: their main function is to enhance the longitudinal stability and rigidity of the existing wharf.

[0064] (7) Transverse bracing: Its function is to increase the transverse stiffness and transmit the transverse horizontal force of the berthing ship to the lower part of the pile foundation.

[0065] (8) Longitudinal bracing: Its function is to increase the longitudinal stiffness and transmit the dynamic load of the crane traveling in the longitudinal direction to the lower part of the pile foundation.

[0066] (9) Selection of longitudinal and transverse horizontal supports: Due to local design requirements, the maximum transverse displacement of the existing structure is required to be no more than 30 mm when the ship is berthing. Through analysis, the transverse berthing load is approximately 2061 kN, and the longitudinal horizontal load generated by the upper crane during operation is 630 kN. Based on local resources, the longitudinal and transverse connections are made of steel pipes with a diameter of 219 mm and a wall thickness of 16 mm, which meets the requirements, and the stiffness and bearing capacity of the steel pipes also meet the requirements.

[0067] (10) Selection of longitudinal and transverse braces: The main function of the longitudinal and transverse braces is to transfer the dynamic loads generated by the berthing of ships and the operation of the upper crane to the lower part of the pile. They need to have sufficient rigidity. Considering the uniform ratio of the overall rigidity in the longitudinal and transverse directions and the rigidity at the node positions, the braces are made of the same steel pipes as the horizontal supports, with a diameter of 219 mm and a wall thickness of 16 mm, which meets the requirements.

[0068] Referring to FIG3 , in this embodiment, the reinforcement method for high-piled and inclined piles is as follows: (1) Hoop 300. The existing high-piled wharf pile foundation of this project is a steel pipe pile with a diameter of 1000mm. The steel hoop is made of 25mm thick S355 steel plate with an inner diameter of 1060mm. According to the actual situation of the project, the height of the hoop 300 is 1300mm, and the maximum weight of a single hoop is 850kg.

[0069] The steel clamp (i.e., clamp 300) and the steel pipe pile 100 are connected by grouting material. The grouting material used is SikaGrout UW-MY, which has a 28-day compressive strength of up to 60 MPa. This grouting material can be constructed underwater and has a good self-flowing effect.

[0070] Before pouring the grouting material, a small hoop made of 14mm thick steel plate with a diameter of 1000mm and a height of 100mm needs to be installed at the bottom of the hoop. A 3mm thick steel plate is welded on the top of the hoop. The main function of the small hoop is to support the upper main hoop and fix it in the designated position before grouting construction. The 3mm thick steel plate is mainly used to prevent the grouting material from overflowing.

[0071] (2) Support rods. There are two types of support rods: one is horizontal support and the other is diagonal support. The support rods are made of steel pipes made of S355 steel. The steel pipe diameter is 219mm and the wall thickness is 16mm. The two ends of the steel pipe are welded to a square steel plate with a side length of 240mm and a thickness of 20mm. The weight of the steel pipe support rod is 86.4kg / m. On the steel plate with a side length of 240mm, a connecting steel plate with two bolt holes is welded. The dimensions of the connecting steel plate are 275mm*220mm and 343mm*220mm (for diagonal support). The thickness of the connecting steel plate is 30mm, the diameter of the bolt hole is 30mm, and the bolts are M27 high-strength bolts. The main purpose of this connecting plate is to form a whole with the support rod and to be connected to the clamp by bolts.

[0072] (3) Hoop connection plate. The hoop connection plate is made of 30mm thick S355 steel, with a width of 350mm and the same height as the hoop. Three 20mm thick reinforced plates are welded on both sides of the connection plate to make the connection between the connection plate and the hoop more secure. The connection between the connection plate and the hoop is welded, and the two connection plates are bolted. The bolt hole diameter is 30mm and the bolts are M27 high-strength bolts. Two bolts are required for a height of 450mm, six bolts are required for a height of 950mm, and eight bolts are required for a height of 1300mm. Bolt holes are also reserved for connection with support rods, and the number is determined by the number of connecting rods.

[0073] When the present invention is used for inclined piles, it can perform overall balanced support by decomposing the force.

[0074] In this embodiment, prior to pouring, the surface of the steel pipe piles must be cleaned of marine debris using a high-pressure water gun to ensure a tight fit between the grouting material and the piles. The grouting material must be mechanically mixed at a speed not exceeding 500 rpm. For every 25 kg of grouting material, 4.3 to 4.7 L of water is required. 80% of the water should be added to the grouting material first, and the remaining 20% ​​should be added after the mixture is evenly mixed. To ensure that the grouting material fully penetrates into every position of the pouring cavity and meets the grouting quality requirements, the grouting pressure is ensured to be no less than 0.2Mpa during the grouting process, and the pouring speed does not exceed 10L / min. After pouring is completed, the strength can reach 40Mpa in 7 days and 60Mpa in 28 days. This grouting material will not cause corrosion to the pile foundation. If ordinary clamps are used, in order to increase the friction between the clamps and the pile foundation, rubber pads will be added to the lining of the clamps. However, the rubber pads will corrode after being immersed in seawater for a long time, thereby reducing the friction between the clamps and the pile foundation and reducing the reinforcement effect.

[0075] In this embodiment, a horizontal reinforcement layer is installed at -2.5 mCD. This location is determined based on general regulatory requirements. Because the beam-pile joint has the greatest impact on horizontal forces, the upper support point is located at the beam-pile joint. Diagonal bracing is generally arranged at an angle of 35-55° to the horizontal. Based on the pile spacing for this project, the lower support point is calculated to be at -2.5 mCD. This reinforcement method primarily enhances the overall stability of the wharf by reducing the impact of horizontal forces on the pile-beam joint through the use of horizontal and diagonal bracing. On the other hand, considering the wharf (pile foundation and superstructure) as a whole, the buried portion of the pile foundation serves as the fixed end. Under the action of horizontal forces, the deck displacement is the largest. Since the displacement formula is qL³ / 48EI, it is most affected by the net length L of the pile foundation. With this reinforcement method, part of the horizontal force acting on the deck is transmitted to the pile foundation at a position of -2.5mCD through horizontal supports and diagonal braces. The diagonal braces then decompose the force into horizontal and vertical forces, significantly reducing the horizontal force and indirectly shortening the net length of the pile foundation, thereby reducing the horizontal displacement of the wharf structure.

[0076] The reinforcement method of the present invention has advantages and effects compared with commonly used reinforcement solutions in China, such as:

[0077] (1) In the present invention, no large equipment is required during the entire reinforcement implementation process, so the required costs are only labor, materials and material processing costs.

[0078] (2) In the current existing technology, the commonly used reinforcement method requires the terminal to stop operating, which will cause huge losses to the operator. However, in the present invention, there is no need to stop the terminal operation, thereby effectively avoiding the problem of stopping operation in the existing technology and greatly reducing the losses for the operator.

[0079] (3) According to the commonly used reinforcement scheme in China, the effective construction range of the crane arm above the existing dock becomes smaller, and it is usually modified, which will increase the cost again. If the modification is not carried out, the efficiency of the crane arm will be greatly reduced, and the operator's benefits will also be reduced.

[0080] (4) The solution of the present invention is adopted. Since the construction is carried out under the existing dock deck, it will not cause large construction noise, and there is no need to apply for relevant procedures with relevant departments, which greatly shortens the construction period.

[0081] (5) The present invention not only improves the overall stability of the existing wharf and plays a reinforcing role, but also has a significant effect in terms of cost and construction period.

[0082] The specific construction cases of the present invention are as follows:

[0083] The case in the present invention is applied to a certain confidential project. Specifically, the average sea level of the project is +1.23mCD, and the lateral support reinforced in this project is divided into two layers, the upper elevation is +1.5mCD, and the lower elevation is -2.5mCD. Therefore, during the construction process, the lower support components need to be completed underwater, and the reinforced components will be in corrosive environments such as seawater for a long time. This reinforcement method avoids the problem of insufficient durability of reinforced components due to seawater by applying anti-corrosion coatings to the components, changing the traditional clamp form, and replacing the non-corrosion-resistant rubber pads between the clamps and the piles with corrosion-resistant, high-strength grouting materials. In the case of inclined piles, the arrangement of support rods is different from that of straight piles. The lower layer of inclined piles is fully distributed, and the upper layer has a small distance between the tops of the two piles in the same rack in opposite directions. Only clamps are installed, and the arrangement of lateral support rods is cancelled.

[0084] All components of this reinforcement method can be processed in the factory in advance. Before processing in the factory, the surface of the pile foundation to be reinforced on site needs to be cleaned, surface attachments removed, and the pile foundation spacing and plane position measured. After measurement, the components are processed in the factory according to the measurement data. In order to avoid bolt hole displacement caused by processing errors, the bolt holes of the connecting plate connected to the clamp can be processed in the factory according to the drawings, and the bolt holes of the connecting plate connected to the support rods can be drilled on site. According to the size of the connecting plate, ensure that the distance between the hole and the edge of the plate is not less than 50mm, and the allowable deviation of the plane position of the hole must be controlled within 20mm to ensure that it can be adjusted according to the actual situation on site during installation.

[0085] After transportation to the site, installation is carried out. Before installation, a temporary small clamp is installed to support the main clamp. After the main clamp is installed, the horizontal support and diagonal support are installed. The bolts are tightened with a torque wrench to a tightening torque of 900Nm.

[0086] After all support rods are installed, the clamps are grouted. The grouting material is impact-resistant and vibration-resistant. The grouting material is mixed on site, requiring 17-19L of water for every 100kg. 80% of the water is first added to the mixing equipment, and then the raw materials are added to the water and mixed. The remaining 20% ​​of water is added during the mixing process. Once the mixture is evenly mixed, grouting is carried out. A 30mm diameter flexible pipe is used for grouting. The outlet of the flexible pipe is lowered from the upper edge of the clamp to the bottom of the clamp. Grouting is then carried out, and the water between the clamp and the pile is drained through the grouting material. As the grouting material fills, the flexible pipe slowly rises, but the outlet of the flexible pipe must not exceed the top of the grouting material. The outlet of the flexible pipe remains inside the grouting material until the gap between the clamp and the pile is completely filled.

[0087] After grouting is completed, check whether the anti-corrosion coating of the supporting components is damaged due to construction. For damaged locations, underwater painting will be carried out. The anti-corrosion coating is incompatible with water. Divers will repair the damaged areas, and the new coating will overlap with the surrounding original coating by at least 50mm.

[0088] Once installed, this device effectively prevents poor reinforcement results caused by seawater corrosion and enhances durability. Since the clamp is connected to the pile foundation via grouting, the component's adjustability is greatly increased during installation, even for large areas requiring reinforcement. After the support rods are installed, the clamp's orientation is fine-tuned before the grouting is finally poured.

[0089] This device has a wide range of applications. It is not only suitable for reinforcing existing docks in freshwater environments, but also for reinforcing existing structures under seawater corrosion conditions. By changing the type of contact material between the clamp and the pile foundation, the durability of the reinforcement device can be improved, and the constructability of the reinforcement device can be improved.

[0090] The present invention has a simple structure and is relatively easy to install, and can effectively improve installation efficiency and reinforcement effect.

[0091] For inclined pile construction, the specific principles and force analysis are as follows:

[0092] For inclined piles, when the wharf superstructure is subjected to a horizontal force F, the node a of pile A is subjected to a rightward horizontal force, and its component force will generate an anti-pull force on pile A; the node b of pile B is subjected to a rightward horizontal force, and its component force generates an axial pressure on pile B. Under the action of long-term dynamic loads and through underwater investigation of the existing structure, it was found that some pile foundation nodes a and nodes b were detached, and the pile foundation and the superstructure were loose. This will cause the piles close to the horizontal force position and pile B to bear most of the horizontal force, which cannot be evenly transmitted to other pile foundations. Therefore, a horizontal support member 1 is added to make the pile foundation form a whole, so that it can be evenly stressed when subjected to horizontal force.

[0093] Since the inclined pile has a long net length under the action of horizontal force F, in order to reduce its slenderness ratio, a horizontal support 2, 3, 5, etc. is added at the -2.5mCD position to reduce the net length of the pile foundation. By reducing the slenderness ratio of the pile foundation, the deflection deformation of the pile foundation is reduced.

[0094] In order to smoothly transmit the upper load to the lower part of the pile foundation, a diagonal brace 4 is added to transmit the upper load to the pile -2.5mCD, thereby reducing the dynamic load on nodes a and b.

[0095] In the direction perpendicular to this plane, due to the large spacing between the pile foundations, the upper and lower layers of horizontal supports and diagonal braces are arranged, making the entire wharf structure form a whole.

[0096] The principles of the present invention are described as follows:

[0097] (1) The front of the wharf is a berth, which needs to be dredged. Since the surface layer is silt soil, the soil at the pile foundation will slide during dredging, resulting in a decrease in the depth of the pile foundation cover and a reduction in the overall stability of the wharf. Therefore, the wharf needs to be reinforced before dredging the berth. In order to ensure that the operation of the existing wharf is not affected during the reinforcement process, the wharf reinforcement is considered to be carried out by increasing the overall stiffness and stability of the wharf. Referring to the inter-column support of a single-story steel structure factory building as an example, the form of inter-pile support is adopted.

[0098] (2) In the marine environment, the pile foundation is corroded and the junction between the superstructure and the pile foundation is relatively weak. Under the long-term lateral load of ship berthing and the longitudinal load of the upper crane, this weak position is prone to fatigue. The longitudinal and transverse stiffness of the wharf is increased by inter-pile support, and the upper berthing load and crane operation load are transmitted to the bottom of the pile foundation through the inter-pile support to avoid the load affecting the junction between the superstructure and the pile foundation.

[0099] (3) The wharf is simplified to a cantilever structure. When a ship berths, the rubber fender provides a berthing force to the wharf, and the deflection and deformation of the pile top and superstructure are the largest. In this embodiment, the wharf (pile foundation and superstructure) is regarded as a whole, and the buried part of the pile foundation is used as the fixed end. Under the action of horizontal force, the deck displacement is the largest. Since the displacement formula is qL³ / 48EI, it is most affected by the net length L of the pile foundation. Through this reinforcement method, part of the horizontal force acting on the deck will be transmitted to the pile foundation -2.5mCD position through horizontal supports and diagonal braces, and the force will be decomposed into horizontal force and vertical force through diagonal braces, which greatly reduces the horizontal force and indirectly reduces the net length of the pile foundation, thereby reducing the horizontal displacement of the wharf structure.

[0100] (4) To ensure that the berthing load and the crane operation load are smoothly transmitted to the lower part of the pile foundation, the upper horizontal support is arranged at the top of the pile foundation (+1.5mCD). Since the longitudinal net spacing of the pile foundation is about 5.3m and the inter-column support (diagonal brace) is generally arranged at an angle of 35°-55° to the horizontal, the lower horizontal support is arranged at an elevation of -2.5mCD.

[0101] (5) Upper and lower horizontal supports: their main function is to enhance the lateral stability and rigidity of the existing wharf.

[0102] (6) Upper and lower longitudinal horizontal supports: their main function is to enhance the longitudinal stability and rigidity of the existing wharf.

[0103] (7) Transverse bracing: Its function is to increase the transverse stiffness and transmit the transverse horizontal force of the berthing ship to the lower part of the pile foundation.

[0104] (8) Longitudinal bracing: Its function is to increase the longitudinal stiffness and transmit the dynamic load of the crane traveling in the longitudinal direction to the lower part of the pile foundation.

[0105] (9) Selection of longitudinal and transverse horizontal supports: Due to local design requirements, the maximum transverse displacement of the existing structure is required to be no more than 30 mm when the ship is berthing. Through analysis, the transverse berthing load is approximately 2061 kN, and the longitudinal horizontal load generated by the upper crane during operation is 630 kN. Based on local resources, the longitudinal and transverse connections are made of steel pipes with a diameter of 219 mm and a wall thickness of 16 mm, which meets the requirements, and the stiffness and bearing capacity of the steel pipes also meet the requirements.

[0106] (10) Selection of longitudinal and transverse braces: The main function of the longitudinal and transverse braces is to transfer the dynamic loads generated by the berthing of ships and the operation of the upper crane to the lower part of the pile. They need to have sufficient rigidity. Considering the uniform ratio of the overall rigidity in the longitudinal and transverse directions and the rigidity at the node positions, the braces are made of the same steel pipes as the horizontal supports, with a diameter of 219 mm and a wall thickness of 16 mm, which meets the requirements.

[0107] In this embodiment, the specific reinforcement member is actually the clamp 300, the purpose of which is to enable the dock structure to resist the impact of seawater. When the steel pipe pile is too high, its strength is weak all day long. At this time, the clamp added in the seawater also increases its strength.

[0108] In order to increase the strength of the clamp and the steel pipe pile, in this embodiment, a filling space is formed between the clamp 300 and the steel pipe pile 100, and the filling space is filled with a grouting structure. The grouting structure is used to connect the clamp 300 and the steel pipe pile 100. Compared with a separate mechanical connection, the added grouting structure makes the whole integrated and the overall strength is better.

[0109] In order to achieve integration, this embodiment has a variety of support members to form a horizontal reinforcement layer and an inclined reinforcement layer. The clamps 200 between adjacent steel pipe piles 100 are connected by the support members formed by the horizontal reinforcement layer 210 and the inclined reinforcement layer 220. The support members connect several steel pipe piles 100 to form an integral structure.

[0110] By adding clamps and pouring, the entire steel pipe pile can be reinforced, and at the same time, supporting parts are added to improve the overall strength. Compared with a single clamp, the strength of the steel pipe pile body can be greatly improved.

[0111] The reinforcement structure in this embodiment can be used to reinforce straight piles or inclined piles, as follows:

[0112] The clamp 300 and the steel pipe pile 100 are connected by grouting material to form a grouting structure. The grouting material is SikaGrout UW-MY (specifically, the grouting material produced by the Malaysian supplier Sika Company, model SikaGrout UW-MY), which has a 28-day compressive strength of up to 60 MPa. This grouting material can be constructed underwater and has a good self-flowing effect.

[0113] Before pouring the grouting material, a small hoop made of 14mm thick steel plate needs to be installed at the bottom of the hoop to form a limiting ring with a diameter of 1000mm and a height of 100mm. A 3mm thick steel plate is welded on the top of the hoop to form a limiting plate. A limiting plate can also be added above the limiting ring at the bottom of the hoop. The main function of the limiting plate at this time is to support the upper hoop and fix it in the specified position before grouting construction. The 3mm thick steel plate mainly prevents the grouting material from overflowing. At this time, the limiting plate, limiting ring and 200 form a pouring cavity for pouring the grouting material to form a grouting structure.

[0114] (2) Support rods. The support rods in this embodiment are of two types: a horizontal support member (i.e., horizontal reinforcement layer 210) and an inclined support member (i.e., inclined reinforcement layer 220) for diagonal bracing. Both types of support rods are made of S355 steel pipes with a diameter of 219 mm and a wall thickness of 16 mm. The two ends of the steel pipe are welded to a square steel plate with a side length of 240 mm and a thickness of 20 mm. The weight of the steel pipe support rod is 86.4 kg / m. A connecting steel plate with two bolt holes is welded to the steel plate with a side length of 240 mm. The dimensions of the connecting steel plate are 275 mm*220 mm and 343 mm*220 mm (for diagonal bracing). The thickness of the connecting steel plate is 30 mm, the diameter of the bolt hole is 30 mm, and the bolts are M27 high-strength bolts. The main purpose of this connecting plate is to form a whole with the support rod and to be connected to the clamp by bolts.

[0115] (3) Hoop connecting plate. The hoop connecting plate is the connecting plate 400 in this embodiment. The connecting plate 400 is made of 30mm thick S355 steel, has a width of 350mm, and is the same height as the hoop. Three 20mm thick reinforced plates (i.e., ribbed plates) are welded on both sides of the connecting plate 400 to make the connection between the connecting plate 400 and the hoop 300 more secure. The connecting plate and the hoop are connected by welding, and the two connecting plates are connected by bolts. The screw hole diameter is 30mm, and the bolts are M27 high-strength bolts. Two bolts are required for a height of 450mm, six bolts are required for a height of 950mm, and eight bolts are required for a height of 1300mm. Screw holes are also reserved for connection with support rods (horizontal reinforcement layer 210 and inclined reinforcement layer 220), and the number is determined by the number of connecting rods. In this embodiment, a number of assembly hole groups are provided on the connecting plate 400, which can be used for connecting support rods.

[0116] The series of detailed descriptions listed above are only specific descriptions of feasible implementation methods of the present invention. They are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any equivalent implementation methods or changes that do not deviate from the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0117] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, not the foregoing description, and all variations within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0118] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of implementation methods, not every implementation method contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A method for reinforcing a high-pile wharf, characterized in that: The following steps are included: 1) Each steel pipe pile is reinforced separately by grouting and reinforcement; 2) At the same level, use reinforcement pieces to connect the steel pipe piles at the same height to form several horizontal reinforcement layers; And / or utilize the height difference to connect the reinforcement members at different heights of adjacent steel pipe piles, so that a whole structure connected in at least two directions is formed among the plurality of steel pipe piles.

2. The reinforcement method of an existing high-pile wharf according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grouting material is a material with self-flowing properties and a compressive strength of not less than 60Mpa.

3. The reinforcement method of an existing high-pile wharf according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step of pouring the grouting material, the grouting pressure is not less than 0.2Mpa and the pouring speed does not exceed 8-10L / min.

4. The reinforcement method of an existing high-pile wharf according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a horizontal reinforcement layer located at a position of -2.5 mCD, which is used to reduce the net length of the pile foundation to reduce the disturbance deformation of the pile foundation.

5. The reinforcement method of an existing high-pile wharf according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steel pipe piles are straight piles and inclined piles which are respectively perpendicular and inclined to the offshore direction, and the reinforcement members are connected to form an inclined reinforcement structure to achieve resistance to the pull-out force of the inclined piles.

6. The reinforcement method of an existing high-pile wharf according to claim 5, characterized in that: The horizontal reinforcement layer includes a horizontal reinforcement layer in the X-axis direction and a horizontal reinforcement layer in the Z-axis direction, and the inclined reinforcement structure includes at least an inclined reinforcement layer connecting the XY axis direction and the ZY axis direction to form an overall structure in a three-dimensional direction.

7. The reinforcement method of an existing high-pile wharf according to claim 5, characterized in that: The horizontal reinforcement layer is provided at the intersection where the adjacent inclined piles intersect with the upper structure of the wharf.

8. A reinforcement device for a high-pile wharf, characterized in that: It comprises a plurality of steel pipe piles extending into the seawater and connected to the upper structure of the wharf, wherein the outer periphery of the steel pipe piles is provided with a reinforcing member, wherein the reinforcing member comprises a clamp sleeved on the steel pipe piles, and at least two clamps at different heights are provided at the steel pipe piles close to the upper structure of the wharf and in the seawater; A filling space is formed between the clamp and the steel pipe pile, and a grouting structure is filled in the filling space, and the grouting structure is used for connecting the clamp and the steel pipe pile; The reinforcement member also includes a support member, through which hoops at the same height on several steel pipe piles are connected to form a horizontal reinforcement layer, and / or hoops at different heights in adjacent steel pipe piles are connected through the support member, so that an integral structure connected in at least two directions is formed between the several steel pipe piles.

9. The reinforcement device for high-pile docks according to claim 8, characterized in that: A connecting plate is provided on the outer side of the clamp, and a plurality of assembly hole groups located at different heights are provided on the connecting plate, and adjacent assembly hole groups are isolated by ribbed plates.

10. The reinforcement device for high-pile docks according to claim 9, characterized in that: The clamps on different steel pipe piles are connected by connecting the assembly hole groups at the same height through a horizontal reinforcement layer, and / or connecting the assembly hole groups at different heights through an inclined reinforcement layer.

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