Method for casting steel and tundish therefor

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for continuous casting of metal, in particular steel, wherein liquid metal is conducted from a movably mounted ladle (2) into a continuous casting tundish (3) by means of a shroud (4) and is conducted from the continuous casting tundish (3) into a casting mould (16) via an outlet (14), the continuous casting tundish (3) compensating for the interruptions when the ladles (2) are exchanged, and the ladles (2) being mounted in a movement device, wherein, to ensure a high separation efficiency for cast metal charges that follow one another, a singular rolling kind of flow is created in the continuous casting tundish (3), and the invention also relates to a fitting (22, 30) for the continuous casting tundish (3) and to a continuous casting plant (1) comprising the continuous casting tundish (3).

Description

[0001] Process for casting steel and distributor therefor

[0002] The invention relates to a method for casting steel and a distributor therefor.

[0003] Continuous steel casting is a well-known process for the continuous casting of steel slabs.

[0004] For this purpose, steel is usually produced in a converter, transferred from the steel converter to a ladle and from the ladle via a distributor to the casting mold.

[0005] The distributor's task is to ensure an uninterrupted flow of steel after one ladle has been emptied and the next ladle has been fed.

[0006] In principle, it must be ensured that there are no inclusions in the liquid steel, in particular neither slag particles nor components of the respective refractory lining or spraying of the vessels nor reaction products from metallurgical treatment steps.

[0007] This is achieved in particular by arranging appropriate fittings in a distribution trough, which generates a certain upward flow after the steel has been filled in such a way that the steel is flushed to the surface, so that particles which are lighter than the steel are absorbed into the slag or are bound by the slag.

[0008] A continuous casting plant is known from DE 33 37 739 A1. This continuous casting plant has a device for holding and changing ladles (ladle turret), ladles and a tundish, as well as a continuous casting mold and a strand withdrawal device. A tundish is assigned to the molten casting ladle, which is in the preparation position for transport to the casting position, for joint transport with the molten casting ladle. In this embodiment, the tundish is preferably inserted into the arm provided for receiving the ladle on the ladle turret below the casting ladle. The tundish and / or ladle are provided with means for detachably connecting them to one another.From EP 0 119 853 A2 a tundish for continuous casting is known, wherein the tundish has a channeled induction heating device arranged on the side wall of the tundish, wherein the device comprises a channel communicating with an opening in the side walls of the tundish.

[0009] EP 0 140 217 A1 discloses a method and a device for changing the casting ladle and the intermediate container in a continuous casting plant.

[0010] EP 0 726 115 A1 discloses a tundish for receiving and filtering molten ferrous metals, which tundish has a discharge opening in the bottom region for withdrawing the molten metal after it has passed through a deflection and / or filtering device. A ceramic filter is arranged in the tundish, covering essentially the entire horizontal cross-section of the tundish and removable in a conventional manner. This filter extends essentially horizontally and is provided with through-openings arranged in the essentially vertical flow direction of the molten metal through the tundish. This is intended to enable cleaning and filtering of molten metals, even at high casting speeds, using a simple design.

[0011] EP 0 804 306 B1 discloses a device for regulating the flow of molten metal in a tundish to improve the separation of inclusions from the metal bath. For this purpose, a flow control dam is positioned downstream of a shock buffer, which has an upper portion configured to receive a flow of molten steel detaching from the shock buffer and divert it into at least one secondary flow flowing in a downstream direction toward the slag blanket and at least one secondary flow flowing in an upstream direction toward the slag blanket. Ultimately, this is a built-in dam designed to prevent short-circuit flow.

[0012] US Pat. No. 6,074,600 discloses a modification of a tundish dam to minimize turbulence. In particular, this is intended to reduce the formation of gas bubbles and slag inclusions. This is particularly advantageous during the initial filling of the tundish. For this purpose, a type of weir is arranged between the steel inlet of the tundish and the steel outlet of the tundish, which extends from the bath surface to the bottom but is spaced from the bottom. A ramp is arranged between the weir and the steel outlet, while a second ramp is arranged upstream of the weir.

[0013] From DE 10 2009 009 740 A1, it is known to arrange vortex stones in the area of ​​the bottom outlets so that their knife edges extend into the vortex to prevent eddies in vessels containing molten steel. The vortex stones consist of a circular segment-like, flat fixing part and a braking part with the knife edge. This one-piece component can be placed on the bottom outlet or, better, placed on a perforated stone and connected to it, because the inner diameter corresponds to that of the bottom outlet.

[0014] EP 3 496 882 B1 discloses a baffle plate for placement in a distributor to reduce the effects of misalignment of an impinging stream of molten steel entering the distributor.

[0015] It is also known to equip tundishes with a lowered floor from the steel inlet (shadow tube) to the steel outlet (pour pipe). A dam or raised area is placed on this inclined floor, sometimes even a stepped floor, so that the steel inlet area forms a kind of pot, from which, after the pot is filled, the water flows over the dam and then fills the entire tundish. This dam also serves to ensure turbulent flow and slightly extend the residence time of the steel in the tundish, and in particular, to achieve contact with the slag layer.

[0016] From CN 103 25 465 Bl, a so-called turbulent flow controller for asymmetric use in the distributor is known, in which the shadow tube is arranged above this installation, whereby this installation is arranged in a plate-like manner with a slightly raised bottom on one side next to further waves in the distributor.

[0017] A comparable installation is known from CN 102 000 791 A, which is located below the shroud and next to two ridges in the base of the distributor. However, the base of this installation, which has a cuboidal basic shape, is wave-shaped, with the steel from the shroud being cast into this structure and then emerging from it again above.

[0018] From KR 2003 00 52 756 A, a trough-shaped installation with its own vertical walls is known within the distributor. The shroud pipe terminates in a spring-like projection, and from there, the steel initially fills this trough-like structure before flowing into the rest of the distributor. The basic shape of the installation is roughly T-shaped, with the steel flowing through a reduced opening into the rest of the T-shaped sub-distributor.

[0019] A comparable installation is known from EP 0 804 306 Bl, in which the steel is first filled into a trough located on the ground, then exits from the side and meets usual wall installations.

[0020] Such a trough-like installation is also known from CN 217 121 721 U, in which the trough is rather elongated-oval, but also with a wave-shaped bottom structure, so that the steel is first filled into this trough and then runs out of it into the rest of the distributor.

[0021] From "Numerical and Physical Study on New Simple Design of Subflux Flow Controller for One-Strand Tundish", Cwudzihski, Adam; Materials 2022, 15, 3756 ff., the influence on the flow using an asymmetric shadow tube was investigated, whereby various arrangements were simulated.

[0022] From "Physical and mathematical modeling of inclusion behavior in a tundish with gas curtain"; Metallurgy and Materials 2020, 73(4), 531 - 538, the influence of gas curtains in the inlet area was investigated, whereby the inlet area was additionally designed with walls hanging down from above and walls rising up from below.

[0023] It has been found that all these measures either calm the flow of the molten metal, but then lead to a shorter residence time, or make it so turbulent that the particle load is high. The object of the invention is to create a process for casting steel that significantly improves the purity of the molten steel, increases the separation accuracy between different batches, and simplifies distribution management, allowing even very different steel grades to be cast in the same tundish.

[0024] The problem is solved by a method having the features of claim 1.

[0025] Advantageous further training is indicated in subclaims.

[0026] A further task is to create an installation for a distributor for a continuous casting plant, which leads to an improved separation of the batches and causes a significant improvement in the purity of the steel melt.

[0027] The problem is solved by an installation having the features of claim 13.

[0028] Advantageous further training is indicated in the dependent claims.

[0029] Furthermore, it is an object of the invention to provide a continuous casting plant for carrying out the method according to the invention, comprising the installation according to the invention.

[0030] The problem is solved by a continuous casting plant having the features of claim 28.

[0031] Advantageous further training is indicated in the dependent claims.

[0032] The invention is based on a number of findings.

[0033] In continuous casting, different steel batches are cast continuously. After the converter, each steel batch is poured into a ladle where it undergoes secondary metallurgical treatment. To ensure virtually uninterrupted continuous casting, the contents of the ladle are poured into a tundish, which still contains steel from the previous ladle. This is unavoidable, as otherwise the cast strand would break.

[0034] Using multiple distributors would be immensely expensive. Therefore, the goal is to feed different steel grades or melts with different chemical analyses through one distributor one after the other.

[0035] According to the invention, the process is also intended to cast steel grades of different origins using a distributor.

[0036] In particular, steel grades produced by different methods will be cast, namely batches from the electric arc furnace (EAF) and batches from the conventional blast furnace (LD) route. These batches exhibit, among other things, a different CCh fingerprint, which should be easily traceable within the framework of a material's CCh balance.

[0037] Distribution planning (distribution management) is established well in advance. Therefore, a single distribution change for EAF or LD batches is hardly feasible.

[0038] Generally, with different steel grades, mixed areas occur in the subsequent cast strand and thus also in the slab. For steel grades with minor deviations, this may be tolerable; otherwise, the mixed area is cut out and sent to the scrap.

[0039] The more different the alloy compositions are, i.e. the greater the difference between the individual alloying elements in the pre-melt and the post-melt, the more pronounced the mixed range is. A metallurgical analysis of the mixed range can be used as a tracer for the CO2 balance. Thus, instead of the conventional procedure of casting batches of similar quality one after the other, it may be sensible to proceed in the opposite way and have batches follow one another that differ more metallurgically / chemically, for example EAF and LD melts. The problem here, however, is that using conventional techniques results in excessive mixing, and thus the area that has to be separated out and scrapped or downgraded is too large. In addition, this scrap has a mixed CC balance, which must be determined accordingly later in order to accurately evaluate the overall CCh fingerprint.

[0040] The inventors therefore set themselves the task of keeping the mixing area as small as possible in continuous casting with different steel grades and increasing the separation accuracy. This results in reduced tundish usage, truly enables CCh quantification (using the mixing area as a "tracer"), and improves slab cutting control.

[0041] The inventors have recognized that by specifically modifying the flow conditions in the distributor, especially the vortex structures, the separation efficiency can be significantly improved. In particular, this prevents long vortex trails and shortcuts of the poured charge over the entire distributor length, as well as strong horizontal mixing.

[0042] Continuous analyses are performed at the tundish, indicating the beginning and end of the mixing zone. These indicate, in particular, when the first batch is still present in the area of ​​the continuous casting tundish outlet, when mixing is taking place, and when the second batch is present. This data can be used to control the slab cutting process to reliably cut the mixing zone out of the cast strand.

[0043] From "Physical and Numerical Flow Simulation of Continuous Casting Processes in High-Temperature Technology," Jürgen Odenthal, ISBN 3-937057-10-2, 1st edition 2004, it is known that the distributor flow induced from the ladle via the shroud without any internals in the distributor very often moves in the form of two counter-rotating vortex formations or rolls toward the plug or pouring tube and the mold. This is particularly evident in the figure on page 129 of this publication. These two counter-rotating vortex formations are also called "double roll."

[0044] The inventors have discovered that common fittings in distributors can slightly increase the residence time and, moreover, can generate arbitrarily complex flow patterns, but do not necessarily lead to improved batch separation.

[0045] This is expected to become even more important in the future, as conventional steel production in the converter, which involves refining a mixture of scrap and pig iron and transferring this crude steel to a ladle, could be replaced in the future by electric steelmaking and upstream direct reduction. This process can result in a higher particle load, which is also reduced by the measures according to the invention, while the separation efficiency is significantly increased.

[0046] The inventors have discovered that a singular helical flow or flow roller of the liquid metal in the tundish from the inlet, i.e., the shroud, to the outlet, i.e., the pouring tube, significantly increases the separation efficiency. It is particularly advantageous if this flow extends over as much of the tundish cross-section as possible, i.e., starting from the inlet, via the shroud, over the tundish walls, to the bath surface, and then spiraling forward to the outlet via the pouring tube. Preferably, at least 80%, and more preferably 90%, of the tundish cross-section and / or length should be covered by the singular flow roller.

[0047] According to the invention, this singular screw- or roller-shaped flow, which is also referred to as single-roll, is generated, for example, by an asymmetric or eccentric positioning of the shadow tube in the xy-plane of the distributor.

[0048] In general, the coordinate system is defined such that the z-coordinate axis denotes a normal direction perpendicular to the surface of the manifold, the x-coordinate axis points in the direction of metal flow from the shadow tube towards the outlet in the manifold and the y-coordinate axis points in the transverse direction of the metal flow in the manifold towards the outlet.

[0049] In addition, the geometry of the flow modifier can be adjusted to influence the flow. This can be achieved through fittings such as a ramp or deflection boxes. The single-roll vortex structure is created by deflecting the flow asymmetrically toward one sidewall, rather than the usual symmetrical deflection toward both sidewalls or the endwall.

[0050] Furthermore, gas purging devices such as purging beams can be used to reinforce the single-roll vortex structure.

[0051] In addition, the geometry of the inlet, i.e. the shadow tube, can be adjusted to influence the flow.

[0052] Each of these measures can be carried out individually, several of these measures or all of these measures.

[0053] The asymmetric or eccentric positioning of the shroud in the xy plane of the tundish, or the correspondingly modified arrangement of the tundish under a ladle or other metallurgical vessel, results in the incoming steel hitting the bottom of the tundish and being naturally deflected upward by the opposite wall. In addition, the outflow through the pouring plug will lead to the formation of a helical single-roll flow structure.

[0054] By generally modifying the distributor base to a concave, curved shape, the cylindrical flow can be supported and dead corners avoided. The jet from the shroud tube can enter the distributor in the area where the concave base transitions into a side wall, thus deflecting it.

[0055] A distributor designed according to the invention can have one or more internal components for this purpose.

[0056] As already explained, these can be attached ramps or ramp-like formations in areas of the floor. In particular, ramps that are shifted to one side of the distributor or arranged adjacent to it. The installation according to the invention for influencing the flow can, for example, be a ramp that is formed in the distributor in such a way that an inclined impact surface of the ramp points towards the shroud tube, so that the liquid metal flowing into the distributor first hits the impact surface of this ramp and is deflected by this ramp in accordance with the ramp gradient. However, it can also be a deflection box, i.e. a box-shaped device that is open at the top so that the flow from the shroud tube can flow in, and has an opening to a side wall, whereby the flow from the shroud tube can be deflected accordingly.The installation can also have several openings, but all of them must be directed towards only one side wall in order to generate the single-roll flow according to the invention.

[0057] The base of the installation can be flat or curved, or even have grooves or other indentations. Furthermore, a nozzle-like pulse of the melt can be provided within the deflection box. In any case, however, the molten steel should be deflected toward a side wall, so that the liquid metal is deflected laterally and thus the roller flow is generated.

[0058] In both variants, a corresponding upward deflection will occur on the side wall opposite the ramp or the opening of the installation, resulting in the aforementioned single-roll flow structure. Of course, it is also possible to combine an asymmetric or eccentric positioning of the shroud tube with a corresponding ramp-shaped flow modifier, with the installation then being arranged in the area of ​​the asymmetric-eccentric positioning or, for example, being formed by a side wall of the distributor in this area.

[0059] The impact surface can be inclined obliquely with respect to the x / y direction, i.e. transversely to the width of the distributor. However, it can also have an inclination towards the outlet or against the direction of the outlet. Preferably, an angle beta (ß) of -45° to 45°, preferably 0° to 45°, in particular 0° to 20°, preferably 0° to 10°, particularly preferably 1° to 5° in the direction of the x-axis, starting from the y-axis, can be set. This can influence the initial angle of the singular, helical flow roller and thus influence the residence time accordingly. In one embodiment, the angle can be set comparatively steeply, e.g., 35° to 45°, in order to be able to specifically control the mixing time when the quality changes in the distributor. Increasing the angle can improve the quality when mixing liquid melts from electric furnaces with liquid melts from conventional blast furnaces.

[0060] Furthermore, the angle of inclination alpha (o) can be set to greater than 20°, preferably greater than 30°, particularly preferably greater than 40° with respect to the y-axis in the z-axis direction in order to create an optimized deflection effect on the side wall. The angle alpha (o) can be selected to be less than 80°, preferably less than 70° with respect to the y-axis in the z-axis direction in order to be able to generate a singular, helical flow roller with increased vortex intensity in the side wall.

[0061] In the case of an installation in the form of a deflection box, adjustments to the opening angle are also conceivable, with an angle of -60° to 60°, preferably -45° to 45°, relative to the y-axis in the z-axis direction being conceivable, i.e., an upward-facing opening toward the bath level can also be provided. Additionally or alternatively, the opening can also have an angle of -45° to 45° in the x-axis direction, starting from the y-axis. This angle can also be achieved by offsetting the deflection box relative to the distributor.

[0062] In addition, the impact surface can be grooved or concave in shape rather than flat.

[0063] In all cases, the installation is arranged in the area of ​​the shifted position of the shadow tube after the sprue.

[0064] In addition to these two measures, the opposite wall of the distributor, which deflects the flow upwards towards the covering slag, can of course also be designed with a bevel or a ramp in order to enable the most complete flow possible without turbulence in a dead corner formed by the bottom wall and the side wall.

[0065] Another way to create a corresponding single-roll flow pattern is to inject gas from below, particularly into the wall or adjacent to the wall, especially at a distance of 200 mm from the wall, which deflects the flow upwards, i.e., toward the cover slag. Such gas purges are also known from converters, for example. Inert gases are used, in particular, as the purge gas.

[0066] This gas causes the rising gas bubbles to intensify the existing flow and thus entrain the material, i.e., the liquid metal, thus promoting the single-roll flow pattern. Furthermore, these gas bubbles can also be used to specifically influence the liquid steel flow, directing particles to the covering slag and facilitating particle separation into the slag.

[0067] The gas purging measure can, of course, be combined with the first-mentioned measure of asymmetrical-eccentric positioning of the shroud tube or adjusting the geometry of the flow modifier to create a ramp, or with both measures, but can also be used alone to create a single-roll vortex structure. Gas purging can take place over a partial length of the distributor, at specific points, or at multiple locations.

[0068] The gas can be blown in through the bottom of the distributor and the bottom surface of the distributor, as is also the case in the converter with so-called purging stones.

[0069] In addition, it is possible to inject the gas through purge bars placed at the bottom of the distributor, adjacent to the wall that directs the metal flow upwards.

[0070] Such a flushing bar can of course also have a ramp-like slope towards the flow or towards the center of the distributor, which additionally guides the flow upwards gently and without harsh transitions and then further intensifies it through the injected gas.

[0071] If the gas is injected at such a high rate that the induced flow from the distributor base to the bath surface is 5 to 15 times, in particular 10 times, as high as the longitudinal flow of the metal from the inlet to the outlet, a roller-like singular flow can be generated solely by the gas purging. For example, the longitudinal flow in a conventional distributor can be approximately 20 mm / s. If a gas flow of, for example, 50 to 100 operating liters per minute is introduced at a side wall or adjacent to a side wall, the steel flow in this area can be, for example, 100 to 200 mm / s. In this way, such a strong superposition can be generated that the desired single-roll flow according to the invention can develop.

[0072] In addition, pot-shaped fixtures with a side opening can be used to influence the flow. Such fixtures, for example, have a protruding rib formed on the base of the fixture.

[0073] It may have a ramp at the bottom which forms an inclined impact surface facing the shadow tube, so that the liquid metal flowing into the distributor first hits the impact surface of this ramp and is deflected by this ramp according to the ramp gradient.

[0074] In particular, the installation is designed like a deflection box, i.e. a box-shaped device which is open at the top so that the flow from the shadow tube can flow in and has an opening towards a side wall, whereby the flow from the shadow tube can be deflected accordingly.

[0075] The installation can also have several openings, which should all be directed towards only one side wall in order to generate the single-roll flow according to the invention.

[0076] The bottom of the deflection box can be flat or curved or can have grooves or other indentations.

[0077] In both variants, a corresponding upward deflection will occur on the side wall opposite the ramp with respect to the opening of the deflection box, resulting in the aforementioned single-roll flow structure. Of course, it is also possible to combine an asymmetric or eccentric positioning of the shroud tube with a corresponding ramp-shaped flow modifier, with the installation then being arranged in the area of ​​the asymmetric-eccentric positioning or, for example, being formed by a side wall of the distributor in this area.

[0078] The impact surface can be inclined in the x / y direction, i.e., transverse to the width of the distributor. It can also be inclined toward or against the outlet.

[0079] This can influence the initial angle of the singular, helical flow roll and thus affect the residence time accordingly. In one embodiment, the angle can be set relatively steeply, e.g., 35° to 45°, to allow for targeted control of the mixing time during quality changes in the tundish. Increasing the angle can improve the quality of the mixture when mixing liquid melts from electric furnaces with liquid melts from conventional blast furnaces.

[0080] Furthermore, the angle of inclination alpha (o) can be set to a value greater than 20°, preferably greater than 30°, particularly preferably greater than 40° with respect to the y-axis in the z-axis direction in order to create an optimized deflection effect on the side wall. The angle alpha (o) can be selected to be less than 80°, preferably less than 70° with respect to the y-axis in the z-axis direction in order to be able to generate a singular, helical flow roller with increased vortex intensity in the side wall.

[0081] In the case of a deflection box, adjustments to the opening angle are also conceivable, with an angle of -60° to 60°, preferably -45° to 45°, relative to the y-axis in the z-axis direction being conceivable, i.e., an upward-facing opening toward the bath level can also be provided. Additionally or alternatively, the opening can also have an angle of -45° to 45° in the x-axis direction, starting from the y-axis. This angle can also be achieved by offsetting the deflection box relative to the distributor.

[0082] Additionally, a channel flow can be introduced through a gutter, pipe, or similar device. This can also be achieved by adjusting the outlet of the shadow pipe. Furthermore, the impact surface can be designed not only flat but also scalloped or concave.

[0083] Of course, gas flushing can also be used here, as in the case of the ramp-like installation, so that the statements made there also fully apply to a deflection box.

[0084] The invention thus relates to a method for the continuous casting of metal, in particular steel, wherein liquid metal is guided from a ladle, which is mounted so as to be movable, into a continuous casting distributor by means of a shroud pipe and is guided from the continuous casting distributor via an outlet into a casting mold, wherein the continuous casting distributor compensates for interruptions when the ladles are changed, and wherein the ladles are mounted in a moving device, wherein in order to shorten the mixing area which forms with successive cast metal batches with different alloy composition and / or origin, for example LD and EAF batches, a singular roller-like flow is generated in the continuous casting distributor from a shroud pipe to a pouring pipe.

[0085] An advantageous further development provides that one, several or all of the following measures are carried out to generate a singular roller-like flow: a. Allowing the steel to run in from the ladle with an asymmetric or eccentric positioning of the shadow tube in the xy plane of the continuous casting tundish; b. Deflecting the steel in the xy plane towards a side wall by arranging an inclined plane or ramp in the region of the steel inlet point in the continuous casting tundish; c. Arranging a deflection box at the steel inlet point, wherein the deflection box has an opening in the xy plane towards a side wall of the continuous casting tundish so that the steel is deflected towards a side wall; d. Purging with gas adjacent to a side wall of the continuous casting tundish, where the flow is directed upwards towards the bath level; e. Forming the base of the continuous casting tundish with a concave curvature or as a concave curvature in the xy plane; f.Formation of the base (9) of the continuous casting distributor with inclined or concave surfaces in the transition to the side walls; g. Formation of at least one rib running essentially transversely to the longitudinal extent of the continuous casting distributor in the xy plane on the base of the continuous casting distributor in the region of the steel inlet point; h. Allowing the steel to run in via a shadow tube which has a lateral opening in the xy plane directed towards a side wall of the continuous casting distributor, wherein the spatial orientation is such that the z coordinate axis denotes a normal direction which runs perpendicular to the surface of the distributor, the x coordinate axis points in the metal flow direction from the shadow tube towards the outlet in the distributor and the y coordinate axis points in the transverse direction of the metal flow in the distributor towards the outlet.

[0086] An advantageous further development provides that the ladle is positioned during the sprue, i.e. when the liquid metal is first poured into the continuous casting distributor, in such a way that the shadow tube is arranged in the region of a transverse center of the continuous casting distributor and after a desired height of the bath level has been reached, the ladle or the continuous casting distributor or the ladle and the continuous casting distributor are moved in the xy plane and in particular displaced laterally in such a way that in order to form the only roller-like flow of the metal in the continuous casting distributor, the shadow tube is arranged offset from a side wall outside the transverse center of the continuous casting distributor.

[0087] An advantageous further development provides that a pot-like installation is arranged below the ladle outlet, having a bottom wall and at least one side wall pointing upwards therefrom for receiving the pouring stream flowing from the first metallurgical vessel into the distributor, wherein at least one rib projecting up from the bottom wall is formed within the installation, which rib forms chambers on the bottom wall for deflecting the flow for liquid metal.

[0088] An advantageous further development provides that at least two ribs rising from a base wall are arranged on the distributor base, which ribs form grooves on the base wall, which are oriented at an angle o of -45° to 45°, preferably 0° to 45°, in particular 0° to 20°, preferably 0° to 10°, particularly preferably from 1° to 5° in the direction of the x-axis starting from the y-axis of the distributor, wherein for the spatial orientation, the z-coordinate axis designates a normal direction which runs perpendicular to the surface of the distributor, the x-coordinate axis points in the metal flow direction from the shadow tube in the direction of the pouring tube in the distributor and the y-coordinate axis points in the transverse direction of the metal flow in the distributor in the direction of the outlet.

[0089] An advantageous further development provides that the movement of the ladle or the continuous casting distributor or the ladle and the continuous casting distributor comprises one, several or all of the following movements: rotating, pivoting, lifting, lowering, tilting.

[0090] An advantageous further development provides that the shadow tube is lowered into the continuous casting distributor before or during the sprue.

[0091] An advantageous further development provides that the ladle and the continuous casting distributor are offset from each other in the xy plane when the shadow tube pierces the bath level or dips into the melt.

[0092] An advantageous further development provides that for the purpose of offsetting the ladle turret is rotated or shifted by the amount of the desired deflection.

[0093] An advantageous further development provides that a device is arranged below the impact area of ​​the liquid metal in the continuous casting distributor, which device supports a singular, directed roller-like flow after the lateral displacement.

[0094] Furthermore, the invention relates to an installation, in particular for use in the above-mentioned method in a continuous casting distributor of a continuous casting plant, characterized in that the installation has several or all of the following physical features: a) an inclined plane or an inclined base, wherein the inclined base slopes down towards a side wall in the xy plane of the continuous casting distributor; b) it has at least two ribs projecting from a base wall, which ribs are arranged in the xy plane of the continuous casting distributor orrun parallel to this; c) it is pot-shaped with a bottom wall and at least one side wall pointing upwards from this for receiving the pouring stream flowing into the distributor from the first metallurgical vessel, wherein in the at least one side wall it has an opening in the xy plane to a side wall of the continuous casting distributor, wherein for the spatial orientation the z-coordinate axis designates a normal direction which runs perpendicular to the surface of the distributor, the x-coordinate axis points in the metal flow direction from the shadow tube towards the outlet in the distributor and the y-coordinate axis points in the transverse direction of the metal flow in the distributor towards the outlet.

[0095] An advantageous further development provides that the at least two ribs are designed to form a plurality of chambers or grooves.

[0096] An advantageous further development provides that each chamber formed between the ribs is up to 3%, in particular up to 2%, of a distributor volume.

[0097] An advantageous further development provides that each chamber formed between the ribs occupies more than 5% and in particular more than 7%, preferably more than 10% and less than 25%, in particular less than 20% of the width of the distributor between the side walls.

[0098] An advantageous further development provides that the pot-like installation is cylindrical with a side wall or has a square or polygonal floor plan with four or more side walls.

[0099] An advantageous further development provides that an opening is formed in the side wall or at least one side wall adjacent to or flush with the bottom wall.

[0100] An advantageous further development provides that openings are formed in several or all side walls.

[0101] An advantageous further development provides that the ribs end with a rear wall or side walls.

[0102] An advantageous development provides that, in the case of a single opening, the ribs are arranged such that they run longitudinally along the opening. An advantageous development provides that the bottom wall of the installation is flat, convexly curved, or concavely curved and / or formed with a contour or with recesses.

[0103] An advantageous further development provides that the bottom wall is formed obliquely and in particular slopes transversely to the longitudinal extension of the distributor in the xy plane to a side wall of the continuous casting distributor, so that a sloping ramp is formed.

[0104] An advantageous further development provides that the ramp slopes down to a single opening in a side wall.

[0105] An advantageous further development provides that the side walls project upwards beyond the upper edges of the ribs via upwardly pointing upper edges.

[0106] An advantageous further development provides that the installation is made of a refractory material, in particular a basic refractory material comprising one, several or all materials from the group: AI2O3, MgO, CaO, (MgCa)O2, carbon, hydraulic binders.

[0107] An advantageous further development provides that the bottom wall has anchor elements on the underside for pressing or pouring into the bottom material of a distributor.

[0108] Furthermore, the invention relates to a continuous casting plant for metal continuous casting for carrying out the above-mentioned method, comprising at least one ladle and a continuous casting distributor arranged thereunder with the above-mentioned installation.

[0109] An advantageous further development provides that the continuous casting plant provides a continuous casting distributor for generating a singular roller-like flow, which has one, several or all of the following devices: a) a movement device which is designed to bring about an asymmetric or eccentric positioning of the shadow tube in the xy plane of the continuous casting distributor when the steel is allowed to run in from the ladle; b) an inclined plane or ramp in the region of the inlet point of the steel in the continuous casting distributor for deflecting the steel in the xy plane towards a side wall; c) a deflection box at the inlet point of the steel, wherein the deflection box has an opening in the xy plane towards a side wall of the continuous casting distributor, so that the steel is deflected towards a side wall;d) gas purging devices for purging with gas adjacent to a side wall of the continuous casting distributor, where the flow is directed upwards towards the bath level; e) design of the bottom of the continuous casting distributor with a concave curvature or as a concave curvature in the xy plane; f) design of the bottom of the continuous casting distributor with inclined or concave surfaces in the transition to the side walls; g) at least one rib which runs essentially transversely to the longitudinal extent of the continuous casting distributor in the xy plane on the bottom of the continuous casting distributor in the region of the inlet point of the steel;h) a shadow tube having a lateral opening in the xy plane directed towards a side wall of the continuous casting distributor, wherein the spatial orientation is such that the z-coordinate axis denotes a normal direction perpendicular to the surface of the distributor, the x-coordinate axis points in the direction of metal flow from the shadow tube towards the outlet in the distributor and the y-coordinate axis points in the transverse direction of the metal flow in the distributor towards the outlet.;

[0110] An advantageous further development provides that the installation runs from a side wall of the continuous casting distributor in the direction of the longitudinal axis z or transverse center of the distributor in the xy plane, wherein the at least one rib runs substantially parallel or at an angle thereto.

[0111] An advantageous further development provides that the bottom wall of the installation is flat or convexly curved or concavely curved and / or formed with a contour or with depressions.

[0112] An advantageous development provides that the distributor is a longitudinal, transverse, or V-shaped distributor. An advantageous development provides that the rib projecting from the bottom wall is oriented at an angle α of -45° to 45°, preferably 0° to 45°, in particular 0° to 20°, preferably 0° to 10°, particularly preferably 1° to 5° in the x-axis direction, starting from the y-axis of the distributor.

[0113] The invention is explained by way of example with reference to a drawing. It shows:

[0114] Figure 1: the state of the art with two counter-rotating vortex formations (double roll);

[0115] Figure 2: a highly schematic view of a continuous casting plant; Figure 3: a longitudinal section through a box installation;

[0116] Figure 4: a top view of the installation according to Figure 3;

[0117] Figure 5: a cross-section through the installation according to Figure 3;

[0118] Figure 6: a perspective view of an installation;

[0119] Figure 7: a longitudinal section through a distributor with installation; Figure 8: the distributor according to Figure 7 in a cross section with a central shadow pipe in the

[0120] sprue;

[0121] Figure 9: a distributor with a displaced shadow tube in perspective view; Figure 10: a longitudinal section through a distributor with the forming single roll and schematically showing the separation of the batches in the single roll;

[0122] Figure 11: a cross-section through the distributor according to Figure 10 with a displacement of the shadow tube;

[0123] Figure 12: Distributor weight, casting capacity and proportion of pre-melt and post-melt as a function of time;

[0124] Figure 13: highly schematic view of a continuous casting plant showing the cast strand with the mixing zone;

[0125] Figure 14: Simulation data showing the flow conditions in a state-of-the-art distributor;

[0126] Figure 15: Simulation data showing the flow conditions in a distributor at

[0127] Formation of a single-roll flow by an exemplary measure according to the invention.

[0128] The formation of two counter-rotating vortex formations (double roll) with short-circuit flows in a continuous casting distributor is known from the state of the art (Figure 1).

[0129] Figure 2 shows a highly schematic view of a continuous casting plant 1. This plant has a first metallurgical vessel 2, for example, a ladle 2, containing liquid metal. Arranged below this is a continuous casting distributor 3, which is loaded with liquid metal via a shroud 4 arranged on the ladle 2. The shroud 4 can have one or more outlet openings. The distributor 3 is an elongated, preferably trough-like container with two opposing end walls 5, 6 and two side walls 7, 8 connecting the end walls 5, 6.

[0130] In addition, the continuous casting distributor 3 has a base 9, with an inlet area 11 and an outlet area 12 provided along a central axis of the continuous casting distributor 3. The inlet area 11 is arranged adjacent to an inlet-side end wall 5, while the outlet area 12 is formed adjacent to an outlet-side end wall 6, so that the incoming steel generally flows through the vessel following the longitudinal extension of the continuous casting distributor 3. However, the continuous casting distributor 3 can also be shaped differently, for example, V-shaped or with multiple fingers or multiple outlets.

[0131] The bottom 9 of the continuous casting distributor 3 can deepen diagonally from an inlet area 11 to an outlet area 12, whereby diagonally means that the depth becomes deeper compared to a bath level 13.

[0132] In the outlet area 12, an outlet 14 with a pouring tube 15 is arranged in the bottom 9. The pouring tube 15 opens into a mold 16, in which the metal is cooled until solidification occurs. The strand 17 emerges from the bottom of the mold 16, is deflected by refractory rollers 18, and enters a straightening zone 19. After the straightening zone 19, the strand 17 is cut into slabs 21 by flame cutters 20.

[0133] According to the invention, as a measure for forming the aforementioned screw-like or roller-like flow (Figures 7, 8), the ladle 2 is positioned during the sprue, i.e., during the first pouring of the liquid metal into the continuous casting distributor 3, such that the shroud 4 is located in the region of a transverse center of the continuous casting distributor 3. After the desired height of the bath level 13 has been reached, the ladle 2 or the continuous casting distributor 3, or the ladle 2 and the continuous casting distributor 3, are moved, and in particular shifted laterally, such that, in order to form a single roller-like flow of metal in the distributor, the shroud 4 is arranged offset from the transverse center of the distributor 2 relative to a side wall 7, 8 (Figure 9). This movement can be achieved, for example, by a corresponding pivoting movement of the ladle turret. As a result, the steel jet strikes the distributor base 9 at an impact point offset from the transverse center.

[0134] In principle, the movement of the ladle 2 or the continuous casting distributor 3, or of the ladle 2 and the continuous casting distributor 3, can include one, several, or all of the following movements: rotating, pivoting, lifting, lowering, or tilting. For example, the shroud 4 can be lowered into the continuous casting distributor 3 before or during the sprue. This serves to prevent splashing.

[0135] For example, it is possible that ladle 2 and continuous casting distributor 3 are displaced relative to each other when the shroud 4 penetrates the bath surface 13 or dips into the melt. In this case, splashing is no longer to be expected when the displacement movement occurs.

[0136] In order to support the flow formation, the continuous casting distributor base 9 - regardless of the method chosen for forming the singular roller-like flow - can also be designed with a barrel-like concave arch in order to support the single-roll flow formation.

[0137] Furthermore, the edges between the continuous casting distributor base 9 and the side walls 7, 8 can be rounded or bridged with wedge-shaped elements. This advantageously allows the dead volume to be further reduced.

[0138] If it is intended to arrange the shadow tube 4 offset from the transverse center of the continuous casting distributor 3, the side wall 7, 8 to which the shadow tube 4 is offset can be formed with a reinforced refractory support or a refractory plate in the inlet area 11.

[0139] In this case, but also independently of this, the outlet area 12 can be arranged offset relative to a side wall 7, 8 with respect to the central axis of the continuous casting distributor 3.

[0140] In particular, it is useful if the outlet 14 is offset in the same direction to the same side as the shadow tube 4.

[0141] To support the formation of the desired flow and avoid undesirable turbulence in the impact area of ​​the pouring stream, a device 22 or an installation 22 can be arranged in the impact area of ​​the liquid metal in the continuous casting distributor 3, which, after lateral displacement, supports a singular, directed flow. In the simplest case, this can be a ramp 28 whose sloping flank is directed toward the transverse center of the distributor.

[0142] The device 22 or the installation 22 is thus arranged offset from the transverse center of the continuous casting distributor 3 relative to a side wall 7, 8 of the continuous casting distributor 3 (Figure 11). In particular, it can also be arranged adjacent to a side wall 7, 8 and even be part of the side wall 7, 8.

[0143] A further measure for generating the singular roller-like flow is such a device in the form of ribs 25 formed on the bottom 9 (Figures 6, 9).

[0144] In general, it is provided that the device 22 is arranged below a pouring position 23, wherein the device 22 has at least two ribs 25 rising from a continuous casting distributor bottom wall 9 or a device bottom wall 24, which ribs form grooves 26 on the bottom wall 9, 24, which grooves are oriented at an angle o of -45° to 45°, preferably 0° to 45°, in particular 0° to 20°, preferably 0° to 10°, particularly preferably from 1° to 5° in the direction of the x-axis starting from the y-axis of the continuous casting distributor 3.

[0145] It has been found that the arrangement of ribs 25 in this way can suppress the formation of undesirable turbulent flows and promote the formation of a directed, roller-like singular flow.

[0146] The bottom wall 24 of the device 22 can be flat, convexly curved, or concavely curved. The bottom wall 24 supports the ribs 25 on one side or is formed integrally with them.

[0147] On the other hand, the bottom wall 24 also serves as impact and wear protection for the distributor base 9.

[0148] To promote directed flow, the device bottom wall 24 can be designed to be inclined and, in particular, to rise in the x-axis direction, starting from the y-axis, toward the side wall 7, 8 of the metallurgical vessel, forming a sloping ramp 28. The rib upper edges 27 can also be designed to be sloping.

[0149] In order to further support a directed flow, a rear wall 29 can be arranged transversely to the grooves 26 away from the bottom wall 24, which closes off the grooves 26 on one side.

[0150] It is useful if the ramp 28 slopes down from the rear wall 29.

[0151] Figures 3 to 5 show a further measure for generating a screw-like roller flow (single-roll flow).

[0152] In this case, an installation 30 is pot-shaped, whereby this can basically be round, square or polygonal.

[0153] Accordingly, the pot-like installation 30 has at least one bottom wall 31 and at least one side wall 32 pointing upwards therefrom for receiving the pouring stream flowing from the ladle 2 into the continuous casting distributor 3.

[0154] Within the installation 30, at least one rib 33 is formed which projects upwards from the bottom wall 31 and forms chambers 34 on the bottom wall 31 for deflecting the flow of liquid metal.

[0155] In particular, between two and four ribs 33 are formed, which form a plurality of chambers 34.

[0156] In one embodiment, the pot-shaped insert 30 can be cylindrical with a single side wall 32, or it can have a rectangular or polygonal shape with four or more side walls 32. Each chamber 34 formed between the ribs 33 can be up to 3%, in particular up to 2%, of the continuous casting distributor volume. This creates a good ratio to the inflowing metal quantity.

[0157] In addition, each chamber 34 formed between the ribs 33 can occupy more than 5% and in particular more than 7%, preferably more than 10% and less than 25%, in particular less than 20% of the width of the continuous casting distributor 3 between the side walls 7, 8, which creates a good ratio to the continuous casting distributor size.

[0158] An opening 35 is formed in the side wall 32 or at least one side wall 32 adjacent to or flush with the bottom wall 31. The opening 35 ensures that the metal flowing into the insert 30 does not simply flow over the upper edges 36 of the side walls 32 in an undirected manner, but rather exits the insert 30 directed in a predetermined direction. In addition, the opening 35 ensures that the insert 30 does not retain any melt as dead material when the continuous casting distributor 3 is idle.

[0159] The bottom wall 31 of the installation 30 can be flat, convexly curved or concavely curved and / or formed with a contour or with depressions in order to form or support certain flow patterns.

[0160] In the cup-shaped installation 30, the ribs 33 can be flush with the side wall(s) 32, so that they form closed chambers 34 in the area of ​​the side walls 32. The chambers 34 are then open toward the opening 35, if necessary.

[0161] Accordingly, in the case of a single opening 35, the ribs 33 are arranged such that the ribs 33 are arranged running longitudinally to the opening 35.

[0162] The ribs 33 can be arranged at an angle α of -45° to 45°, preferably 0° to 45°, in particular 0° to 20°, preferably 0° to 10°, particularly preferably 1° to 5° in the x-axis direction, starting from the y-axis. The bottom wall 31 can also be inclined and, in particular, rise transversely to the longitudinal extent of the continuous casting distributor 3, so that a sloping ramp 38 is formed.

[0163] In this case, it makes sense for the ramp 38 to slope down to a single opening 35 in a side wall 32. This supports the outflow from the opening and the formation of a flow.

[0164] A further development provides that the side walls 32 project upwards beyond the rib upper edges 37 via upwardly pointing upper edges 36.

[0165] The upper edges of the ribs 37 can be horizontal, convex or concave and in particular can slope towards an opening 35.

[0166] The use in metal casting necessitates that the insert 22 and the pot-like insert 30—as well as the lining of the continuous casting distributor 3—be made of a refractory material, in particular a basic refractory material comprising one, several, or all of the materials from the group: Al2O3, MgO, CaO, (MgCa)O2, carbon, and hydraulic binders. Basic refractory materials generally resist liquid steel and the basic slag used better than acidic materials, e.g., based on SiO2.

[0167] In the figures, a deflection to the left side wall 7 is shown as an example; of course, a mirror-inverted deflection alternatively to the right side wall 8 is just as possible and would lead to the same screw-like roller flow (single-roll flow) according to the invention.

[0168] Figure 10 shows the single-roll flow in distributor 3, showing the state in which a change of ladle 2 and thus the charge has taken place. Red is pre-melt, green is post-melt, during a melt change. Due to the single-roll flow, which is formed across the entire distributor cross-section, there are no short circuits and thus no mixing across the length of distributor 3. Rather, a clean separation of the charges is visible; the second charge follows directly on from the first, so to speak.

[0169] Figure 12 shows a diagram in which the distributor weight, the casting capacity and the proportions of pre-melt and post-melt are plotted as a function of time. Temporarily, both melts are present simultaneously, creating a mixing zone that can be used, for example, as a CCh tracer. With very different alloy compositions, the mixing zone can be very pronounced. However, thanks to the single-roll flow according to the invention, which significantly improves the separation between the melts, the same distributor 3 can also be used in this case. The use of one and the same distributor 3 for different batches, for example LD and EAF melts, in a continuous casting plant 1, whereby a cast strand 17 with a mixing zone is formed, is shown schematically in Figure 13.

[0170] Simulation data showing the flow conditions in a state-of-the-art tundish (Figure 14) illustrate that such a tundish results in wake turbulence and short circuits of the poured charge along the entire length of the tundish, as well as strong horizontal mixing. The formation of a cylindrical flow toward the outlets is not observed. Consequently, when casting different steel grades, the region with mixed properties in the cast strand is very long. For melts with a large difference in the individual alloying elements between the pre-melt and the post-melt, a larger region must be removed, resulting in increased scrap production.

[0171] Figure 15, on the other hand, shows the simulated flow conditions in a distributor 3 with the formation of a pronounced roller-shaped flow (single-roll) through the measures according to the invention. This single-roll flow leads to improved separation efficiency when pouring different batches onto one another.

[0172] The higher the selectivity, the easier it is to track the analysis change and thus the batch assignment. With a very high selectivity, batches with very different analyses can be cast much more easily one after the other, something that is usually avoided. For melts of different origins, such as EAF and LD melts, especially with different CCh concentrations, the mixed area with an unclear CCh imprint is not too large according to the invention, but is nevertheless very clearly recognizable.

[0173] The invention is therefore advantageous in that the separation accuracy between the batches is improved and, in addition, both the filling and the emptying of the continuous casting distributor 3 can take place without an accumulation of inclusions and, in addition, the filling efficiency of the continuous casting distributor 3 is improved.

[0174] List of reference symbols

[0175] 1 continuous casting plant

[0176] 2 metallurgical vessel / ladle

[0177] 3 continuous casting distributors

[0178] 4 shadow tube

[0179] 5 Front wall

[0180] 6 front wall

[0181] 7 Side wall

[0182] 8 Side wall

[0183] 9 Distribution floor

[0184] 11 Inlet area

[0185] 12 Run-off area

[0186] 13 bathroom mirrors

[0187] 14 Outlet

[0188] 15 pouring pipe

[0189] 16 mold

[0190] 17 strands

[0191] 18 fireproof rolls

[0192] 19 Guideline zone

[0193] 20 flame cutters

[0194] 21 slabs

[0195] 22 Furnishing / Installation

[0196] 23 Pouring position

[0197] 24 Furnishing floor wall

[0198] 25 ribs

[0199] 26 gutter

[0200] 27 top edge of ribs

[0201] 28 Ramp

[0202] 29 Furnishing rear wall

[0203] 30 pot-shaped installation

[0204] 31 Bottom wall of the pot-like installation

[0205] 32 Side wall of the pot-like installation

[0206] 33 Rib (pot-like installation)

[0207] 34 chamber (pot-like installation)

[0208] 35 Opening

[0209] 36 Upper edges of the side wall of the pot-shaped installation

[0210] 37 Rib top edge (pot-like installation)

[0211] 38 Ramp (pot-shaped installation)

Claims

Patent claims 1. A method for continuously casting metal, in particular steel, wherein liquid metal is guided from a movably mounted ladle (2) by means of a shroud (4) into a continuous casting distributor (3) and is guided from the continuous casting distributor (3) via an outlet (14) into a casting mold (16), wherein the continuous casting distributor (3) compensates for interruptions when the ladles (2) are changed, and wherein the ladles (2) are mounted in a moving device, characterized in that in order to shorten the mixing area which forms with successive cast metal batches with different alloy compositions and / or origins, for example LD and EAF batches, a singular roller-like flow is generated in the continuous casting distributor (3) from a shroud (4) to a pouring tube (15).

2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that to generate a singular roller-like flow, one, several or all of the following measures are carried out: a. Allowing the steel to run in from the ladle (2) with an asymmetrical or eccentric positioning of the shadow tube (4) in the xy plane of the continuous casting distributor (3); b. Deflecting the steel in the xy plane towards a side wall (7, 8) by arranging an inclined plane or ramp (28, 38) in the region of the inlet point (23) of the steel in the continuous casting distributor (3); c. Arranging a deflection box (30) at the inlet point (23) of the steel, wherein the deflection box (30) has an opening (35) in the xy plane to a side wall (7, 8) of the continuous casting distributor (3), so that the steel is deflected towards a side wall (7, 8); d. Flushing with gas adjacent to a side wall (7, 8) of the continuous casting distributor (3), where the flow is directed upwards towards the bath level (13); e.Formation of the bottom (9) of the continuous casting distributor (3) with a concave curvature or as a concave curvature in the xy plane; f. Formation of the bottom (9) of the continuous casting distributor (3) with inclined or concave surfaces in the transition to the side walls (7, 8);. g. Formation of at least one rib (25) running essentially transversely to the longitudinal extent of the continuous casting distributor (3) in the xy plane on the bottom (9) of the continuous casting distributor (3) in the region of the inlet point (23) of the steel; h. Allowing the steel to run in via a shadow tube (4) which has a lateral opening in the xy plane directed towards a side wall (7, 8) of the continuous casting distributor (3), wherein the spatial orientation is such that the z coordinate axis denotes a normal direction which runs perpendicular to the surface of the distributor, the x coordinate axis points in the metal flow direction from the shadow tube (4) towards the outlet (14) in the distributor (3) and the y coordinate axis points in the transverse direction of the metal flow in the distributor (3) towards the outlet (14).

3. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that the ladle (2) is positioned during the sprue, i.e. during the first filling of the liquid metal into the continuous casting distributor (3), in such a way that the shadow tube (4) is arranged in the region of a transverse center of the continuous casting distributor (3) and after a desired height of the bath level (13) has been reached, the ladle (2) or the continuous casting distributor (3) or the ladle (2) and the continuous casting distributor (3) are moved and in particular displaced laterally in the xy plane in such a way that in order to form the single roller-like flow of the metal in the continuous casting distributor (3), the shadow tube (4) is arranged offset from a side wall (7, 8) outside the transverse center of the continuous casting distributor (3).

4. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that a pot-like installation (30) is arranged below the ladle outlet (23) with a bottom wall (31) and at least one side wall (32) pointing upwards from this for receiving the pouring stream flowing from the first metallurgical vessel (2) into the distributor (3), wherein at least one rib (33) projecting up from the bottom wall (31) is formed within the installation (30), which rib forms chambers (34) on the bottom wall (31) for deflecting the flow for liquid metal.

5. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that at least two ribs (25) are arranged on the distributor base (9) which rise from a base wall (24) and form grooves (26) on the base wall (9, 24) which are inclined at an angle o of - 45° to 45°, preferably 0° to 45°, in particular 0° to 20°, preferably 0° to 10°, particularly preferably oriented from 1° to 5° in the direction of the x-axis starting from the y-axis of the distributor, wherein for the spatial orientation the z-coordinate axis denotes a normal direction which runs perpendicular to the surface of the distributor (3), the x-coordinate axis points in the metal flow direction from the shadow tube (4) in the direction of the pouring tube (15) in the distributor (3) and the y-coordinate axis points in the transverse direction of the metal flow in the distributor (3) in the direction of the outlet (14).

6. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the movement of the ladle (2) or the continuous casting distributor (3) or the ladle (2) and the continuous casting distributor (3) comprises one, several or all of the following movements: rotating, pivoting, lifting, lowering, tilting.

7. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shadow tube (4) is lowered into the continuous casting distributor (3) before or during the sprue.

8. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ladle (2) and the continuous casting distributor (3) are offset from one another in the xy plane when the shadow tube (4) pierces the bath level (13) or dips into the melt.

9. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for the purpose of offsetting the ladle turret is rotated or shifted by the amount of the desired deflection.

10. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a device (22, 30) is arranged below the impact area (11) of the liquid metal in the continuous casting distributor (3), which device supports a singular, directed roller-like flow after the lateral displacement.

11. Installation, in particular for use in the method according to one of the preceding claims in a continuous casting distributor (3) of a continuous casting plant (1), characterized in that the installation (22, 30) has several or all of the following physical features: a) an inclined plane or an inclined base (28, 38), the inclined base sloping towards a side wall (7, 8) in the xy plane of the continuous casting distributor (3); b) it has at least two ribs (25, 33) projecting from a base wall (24, 31) which are arranged in the xy plane of the continuous casting distributor (3) orrun parallel to this; c) it is pot-shaped with a bottom wall (31) and at least one side wall (32) pointing upwards from this for receiving the pouring stream flowing from the first metallurgical vessel (2) into the distributor (3), wherein in the at least one side wall (32) it has an opening (35) in the xy plane to a side wall of the continuous casting distributor (3), wherein for the spatial orientation the z-coordinate axis denotes a normal direction which runs perpendicular to the surface of the distributor, the x-coordinate axis points in the metal flow direction from the shadow tube (4) in the direction of the outlet (14) in the distributor (3) and the y-coordinate axis points in the transverse direction of the metal flow in the distributor (3) in the direction of the outlet (14).

12. Installation according to claim 11, characterized in that the at least two ribs (25, 33) are designed to form a plurality of chambers (34) or grooves (26).

13. Installation according to one of claims 11 or 12, characterized in that each chamber (34) formed between the ribs (33) is up to 3%, in particular up to 2%, of a distributor volume.

14. Installation according to one of claims 11 to 12, characterized in that each chamber (34) formed between the ribs (33) occupies more than 5% and in particular more than 7%, preferably more than 10% and less than 25%, in particular less than 20% of the width of the distributor between the side walls (7, 8).

15. Installation according to one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that the pot-like installation (30) is cylindrical with a side wall (32) or has a square or polygonal plan with four or more side walls (32).

16. Installation according to one of claims 11 to 15, characterized in that an opening (35) is formed in the side wall (32) or at least one side wall (32) adjacent to or flush with the bottom wall (31).

17. Installation according to one of claims 11 to 16, characterized in that openings (35) are formed in several or all side walls (32).

18. Installation according to one of claims 11 to 17, characterized in that the ribs (25, 33) terminate with a rear wall (29) or side walls (32).

19. Installation according to one of claims 11 to 18, characterized in that in the case of a single opening (35) the ribs (33) are arranged such that the ribs (33) are arranged running longitudinally to the opening (35).

20. Installation according to one of claims 11 to 19, characterized in that the bottom wall (24, 31) of the installation (22, 30) is flat or convexly curved or concavely curved and / or is formed with a contour or with depressions.

21. Installation according to one of claims 11 to 20, characterized in that the bottom wall (24, 31) is formed obliquely and in particular falls transversely to the longitudinal extent of the distributor (3) in the xy plane to a side wall (7, 8) of the continuous casting distributor (3), so that a falling ramp (28, 38) is formed.

22. Installation according to one of claims 11 to 21, characterized in that the ramp (38) slopes down to a single opening (35) in a side wall (32).

23. Installation according to one of claims 11 to 22, characterized in that the side walls (32) project upwards beyond the rib upper edges (37) via upwardly facing upper edges (36).

24. Installation according to one of claims 11 to 23, characterized in that the installation (22, 30) is made of a refractory material, in particular a basic Refractory material comprising one, several or all materials from the group: AI2O3, MgO, CaO, (MgCa)O2, carbon, hydraulic binders.

25. Installation according to one of claims 11 to 24, characterized in that the bottom wall (24, 31) has anchor elements on the underside for pressing or pouring into the bottom material of a distributor (3).

26. Continuous casting plant for continuous metal casting for carrying out the method according to one of claims 1 to 10, comprising at least one ladle (2) and a continuous casting distributor (3) arranged thereunder with an installation (22, 30) according to one of claims 11 to 25.

27. Continuous casting plant according to claim 26, characterized in that the continuous casting distributor (3) has one, several or all of the following devices for generating a singular roller-like flow: a) a movement device which is designed to bring about an asymmetric or eccentric positioning of the shadow tube (4) in the xy plane of the continuous casting distributor (3) when the steel is allowed to run in from the ladle (2); b) an inclined plane or ramp (28, 38) in the region of the inlet point of the steel in the continuous casting distributor (3) for deflecting the steel in the xy plane to a side wall (7, 8); c) a deflection box (30) at the inlet point of the steel, wherein the deflection box has an opening (35) in the xy plane to a side wall (7, 8) of the continuous casting distributor (3), so that the steel is deflected towards a side wall (7, 8);d) gas purging devices for purging with gas adjacent to a side wall (7, 8) of the continuous casting distributor (3), at which the flow is directed upwards towards the bath level (13); e) design of the bottom (9) of the continuous casting distributor (3) with a concave curvature or as a concave curvature in the xy plane; f) design of the bottom (9) of the continuous casting distributor (3) with inclined or concave surfaces in the transition to the side walls (7, 8); g) at least one rib (25) which runs essentially transversely to the longitudinal extent of the continuous casting distributor (3) in the xy plane on the bottom (9) of the continuous casting distributor (3) in the region of the inlet point (23) of the steel; h) a shadow tube (4) which has a lateral opening in the xy plane directed towards a side wall (7, 8) of the continuous casting distributor (3), wherein the spatial orientation is such that the z coordinate axis denotes a normal direction which runs perpendicular to the surface of the distributor, the x coordinate axis points in the metal flow direction from the shadow tube (4) towards the outlet (14) in the distributor (3) and the y coordinate axis points in the transverse direction of the metal flow in the distributor (3) towards the outlet (14).

28. Continuous casting plant according to claim 26 or 27, characterized in that the installation (22, 30) runs from a side wall (7, 8) of the continuous casting distributor (3) in the direction of the longitudinal axis z or transverse center of the distributor (3) in the xy plane, wherein the at least one rib (25, 33) runs substantially parallel or at an angle thereto.

29. Continuous casting plant according to one of claims 26 to 28, characterized in that the bottom wall (24, 31) of the installation (22, 30) is flat or convexly curved or concavely curved and / or is formed with a contour or with depressions.

30. Continuous casting plant according to one of claims 26 to 29, characterized in that the distributor (3) is a longitudinal, transverse or V-distributor.

31. Continuous casting plant according to one of claims 26 to 30, characterized in that the rib (25, 33) projecting up from the bottom wall (24, 31) is oriented at an angle o of -45° to 45°, preferably 0° to 45°, in particular 0° to 20°, preferably 0° to 10°, particularly preferably 1° to 5° in the direction of the x-axis starting from the y-axis of the distributor (3).

Images