Multi-layer polymer panels and interconnection of worn-out tires in role of the central part of walls with frame-shaped wall posts

Abstract

The disclosure comprises a wall, where the central part is constructed using interconnected worn-out tires, preferably of the same size, with a honeycomb arrangement, all or some of the perimeter ones connected to the structure. Then, it is possible to apply various coverings to the surface of the tires. The disclosure further comprises a wall post, which mitigates the adverse effects of the wall covering's rigidity on the structure by installing moldings on it. The moldings slide on the final surface of the wall when facing seismic waves and heavy winds, akin to scissor blades. This wall post can be used for any kind of non-load bearing walls including the aforementioned walls with central part formed of worn-out tires. Furthermore, another type of non-load bearing walls, comprising a polymer panel with two outer layers, and either a middle layer or any kind of connector, has also been disclosed.

Description

Multi-Layer Polymer Panels and Interconnection of Worn-out Tires in Role of the Central Part of Walls with Frame-shaped Wall Posts

[0001] The invention is designed in the field of civil engineering to support the continuous warnings of environmental scientists and experts regarding environmental pollution and nature degradation. The disclosed invention, encompasses a generation of highly flexible walls designed based on the recycling process of worn-out tires.

[0002] The use of non-ductile material in infilled frames of building, such as masonry materials and other walls previously invented in the field, with different resistance coefficients, leads to significant alterations in the hardness, resistance, and nonlinear behavior of composite frames under in-plane and out-of-plane seismic loads.

[0003] The interaction between the frame and infill under this kind of loads results in a change in the behavior and response of the frame. During an earthquake event, infills of hard and semi-hard materials collide with the surrounding frame and the interacting forces between them increase the load-bearing capacity, ductility, and lateral stiffness of the composite frame. On the other hand, infills of prior art walls, especially unreinforced masonry materials, exhibit brittle or semi-brittle behavior and incur structural and non-structural damages under in-plane loads, ranging from partial cracking to crushing and complete collapse. The rupture of infills during an earthquake in the out-of-plane direction can lead to casualties and financial losses. Because, under these conditions, due to cracking and fragmentation of the wall, and also due to the perpendicular forces to the infill surface, the throw of wall components outward from the infill can jeopardize the safety of occupants both inside and outside the building. Moreover, during an earthquake, there is interaction between the infill's in-plane and out-of-plane forces, such that an increase in load in one direction results in a reduction in resistance in another direction. The structural behavior of composite frames can be divided into two main sections of in-plane and out-of-plane behavior. Often, the interactive effects of in-plane and out-of-plane loads have been overlooked in research, despite the simultaneous impact of in-plane and out-of-plane forces on frame behavior being evident in past earthquakes.

[0004] Due to the complexity of infills' behavior and the lack of an accurate yet simple analytical model for them in the analysis and design of composite frames, the effects of infills are often overlooked. However, the truth is these oversights lead to errors in predicting lateral stiffness, resistance, and ductility of the structure.

[0005] Unfortunately, the failure of neglecting the effects of infills in terms of resistance is highly risky. Because these walls, providing additional resistance to the frame, positively influence seismic resistance and consequently, the stability of the frame itself, however, this disregard results in damage to the structure, in a way that infills, by imposing additional stiffness on the frames, cause more force absorption than anticipated in calculations, creating two perilous conditions for the building:

[0006] A: Fragmentation and collapse of infills.

[0007] B: Change in the direction of forces towards distortion and twist of the entire structure. This is because the resistance created by infills is not uniformly applied due to their non-execution in some frames, leading to inconsistencies in structural behavior. The behavior of masonry infills under in-plane and perpendicular-to-plane forces has been studied experimentally and analytically by researchers. However, limited laboratory and theoretical studies on the out-of-plane behavior of masonry infills have been done in recent years and many contentious issues such as various cracking models in composite frames, the impact of factors like relative stiffness of the frame and infill, the presence of openings, frame type, geometric shape, loading type, and details of the interaction between the frame and infill are still unresolved.

[0008] The conclusion of the presented information is that transporting and using materials with an approximate density of 2.4 tons per cubic meter to heights and securing them using iron with a density close to 7.8 tons per cubic meter, at considerable distances from the ground, is essentially a declaration of war against the Earth's gravity. Consequently, it is clear that the outcome of this war with nature is equivalent to the “destruction of the invader.”

[0009] Therefore, continuing this approach, is far from the intelligence of 21st-century human and we must swiftly recognize the oversights and change our way to ensure our safety from the impending attack of Earth.

[0010] Types of walls in prior art:

[0011] Brick walls: Compressive brick, machine-made brick, terracotta brick, sand-lime brick, welded brick, and non-combustible bricks, and also decorative bricks which are beyond the discussion of this invention.

[0012] Block walls: Cement, polystyrene, styrofoam, heavy, lightweight, leca, mine gravel, gas concrete, gypsum, hablex, perlex.

[0013] One of the major challenges in traditional construction was the difference in stiffness between the frame and infill, leading to collapses facing with seismic waves and heavy winds, resulting in casualties and financial losses. To solve this issue in prior art, integrated and discontinuous wall posts get introduced, however, both lacked the necessary performance. With the use of integrated model, it provides the conditions for destructive impacts on structures during an earthquake, and with the use of discontinuous model, during an earthquake, the forces perpendicular to the plate are transformed into rotating waves and in colliding with the separated wall posts, they turn into sinuous and highly damaging waves in fragile and brittle walls, leading to deep cracks and ultimately the collapse of the walls.

[0014] Therefore, the clear need for a flexible wall with high elasticity that does not prevent normal structural behaviors is evident.

[0015] This invention contains these properties by creating a flexible central core, in a way that the central part of the wall is constructed using interconnected worn-out tires, preferably of the same size, with a honeycomb arrangement. Additionally, all or some of the perimeter tires are connected to the structure. Then, it is possible to apply various coverings to the surface of the tires.

[0016] The invented wall, recognizing the significant potential of worn-out tires, which pose a substantial environmental challenge and are freely available, not only resolves the aforementioned problem and reduces the structure’s weight and construction costs, but also plays a notable role in alleviating environmental issues.

[0017] Additionally, a wall post is invented, which employs to mitigate the adverse effects of the wall covering’s rigidity on the structure by installing moldings on the structure. The moldings slide on the final surface of the wall during an earthquake and structure movement, akin to scissor blades. This wall post can be used for any kind of non-load bearing walls including the aforementioned walls with central part formed of worn-out tires.

[0018] Furthermore, another type of non-load bearing walls, comprising a polymer panel with two outer layers, and either a middle layer with a vertical or zigzag pattern or any kind of connector, has also been disclosed. The polymer can further comprises a combination of any metal, plastic, or natural fibers with polymer to enhance the strength and resistance of the wall panel.

[0019] One of the major technical challenges in the field of civil engineering currently is the integration of walls within structural frames. These walls are situated within the structure and form composite frames. Engineers in recent years have recognized numerous hazards associated with walls constructed using conventional building materials. Consequently, the advancements in engineering knowledge as per the revision of the International Building Code have introduced discontinuous wall posts as a solution for connecting intermediate frames to the main frame. However, the inability of this approach to prevent localized wall-to-structure joint cracking has been acknowledged.

[0020] The rigidity of the conventional wall materials and the inadvertent formation of composite frames, that during earthquakes causes asymmetrical behaviors and distortion of the structure, leading to destruction of intermediate walls and ceilings, have surpassed the realm of engineering concerns and challenges, and have converted to a deadlock and encirclement of the technical-engineering knowledge of the building industry. This is because the revision of International Building Code has introduced ineffective wall posts as the ultimate achievement in this field of science. Unfortunately, these wall posts come with significant drawbacks, including the following:

[0021] A: During finishing work, all equations collapse. Because the entire wall surface is covered, halting the performance of the wall posts. It’s clear that the fragility properties of block and clay brick walls, due to their brittleness, are far greater than the side coverings, including plaster, stone, and mortar. Therefore, in the most optimistic scenario, only up to 30% of the total stiffness of the three layers is attributed to the central core of the wall, while the rest relates to the stiffness exhibited by the finishing – The total thickness of the terracotta layers is about two centimeters, and the block layers are around five centimeters.

[0022] Unfortunately, the only measure that can be attributed to the performance of wall posts is the cracks that remain after wall shaking, which are evidence of engineering weakness. Moreover, the mentioned regulation explicitly states that the presence of these cracks is inevitable.

[0023] Result: Regrettably, upon examining the state of prior art, we deduce the bitter reality that the aforementioned knowledge has led us astray to this day. This is because throughout history, human utilization of building materials for shelter has been reasonable and logical, as there was never an expectation for living in intermediate and high-rise buildings. However, modern society’s inclination towards living at high elevations requires providing comfort and tranquility through intelligent utilization of engineering sciences, including materials engineering science, in an appropriate and desirable manner.

[0024] In the 21stcentury, the transportation of extremely heavy materials with an approximate density of 2.4 tons per cubic meter from stone and soil products with brittle, fragile, and inflexible properties, tens to hundreds of meters above ground level, is an immature and childish performance. What’s even more concerning is that to support such weight, we waste tens to hundreds of tons of steel in every building, all for maintaining domestic assets, lightweight, conscious, and culturally enriched beings known as humans!

[0025] The larger technical issue is the impending death of the planet Earth.

[0026] Scientists have warned of the serious problem of water scarcity and the phenomenon of land subsidence, in a considerable part of world.

[0027] Water scarcity is another challenge that many countries face. With this invention, the amount of water used for constructing walls with conventional building materials, as well as the significantly larger volume of water used for irrigation and mortar and cement block production, is reintegrated into the environmental cycle.

[0028] Furthermore, reducing the weight of building walls leads to a reduction in the consumption of steel and concrete in structures, including foundations.

[0029] Land subsidence, a phenomenon of sinking or settling of the Earth’s surface, has become a growing concern across the globe. As urbanization and population growth intensify, the extraction of groundwater and natural resources has led to a significant increase in subsidence rates. Coastal regions, particularly in areas with high industrial and agricultural activities, are among the most affected. Cities built on delta plains and river basins are particularly vulnerable due to the compounding effects of sediment compaction and groundwater withdrawal. Notable regions impacted by land subsidence include parts of Southeast Asia (e.g., Bangkok and Jakarta), the Central Valley in California, the Nile Delta in Egypt, and the Netherlands, among many other parts of the world. This pervasive issue underscores the need for innovative solutions to mitigate the environmental and infrastructural risks associated with land subsidence, making it a crucial area for research and intervention.

[0030] In light of the presented topics, everyone is obligated to strive for resource conservation, including water, sand, iron, cement, and fossil fuels used for their extraction and transportation, to steer the construction industry towards optimization and efficiency by utilizing the least amount of materials. This is a professional responsibility placed upon building and urban planning experts, as they hold the greatest share of resource consumption. Unfortunately, many people often equate environmental damage solely with air pollution and oil-derived emissions, while the most devastating impacts arise from construction activities that have imposed the greatest imbalances on Earth’s surface. Riverbeds stripped of sand and gravel, and extraction of iron and stone mines have crossed the red lines, transforming into impending challenges.

[0031] Therefore, the production of lightweight and flexible walls with suitable tensile strength properties, designed in a way that imposes no restrictions on the free behavior of structures during earthquakes, hurricanes, and severe cyclones, is crucial and demands immediate action.

[0032] Key Note: This mission is of utmost importance for the community of inventors and esteemed engineers. By providing intelligent and astute solutions that offer financial benefits understandable to the public, while also reducing costs and meeting the financial expectations of builders, their performance can be harnessed and directed towards the betterment and welfare of life on our planet.

[0033] The Environmental Dilemma of Used Tires: For each person on the Earth, an annual addition of a used tire to non-biodegradable wastes in the environment is evident. Upon the first seek into “tire graveyards,” a substantial and increasing volume of these discarded tires is observed, leading to a deeper understanding of this tragedy. With a sense of concern about the exposed issues, I have successfully designed an environmentally friendly and eco-conscious invention as a combined solution to eliminate or mitigate the aforementioned crises.

[0034] The best solution involves selecting a suitable alternative for current walls with proper elasticity, no effect on structure and meanwhile indestructible, ensuring no hindrance to the free behaviors of the structure. Additionally, the chosen alternative should have a low and appropriate density to reduce the consumption of steel and concrete in the structure.

[0035] In fact, the best choice is double-walled structures with a rubber core, providing a fully compatible alternative and with the most ideal function for infills. Therefore, we propose using worn-out tires from cars and motorcycles as materials and primary resources in this invention. Through a process of honeycomb arrangement and organization, they become exploitable, taking the central core position in building walls.

[0036] On the other hand, these used tires are designed to withstand very harsh conditions, undoubtedly exhibiting a quality tens of times beyond what their new mission requires. If we intend to produce them with similar geometric shapes, enabling such usage, they will certainly be made from simple polymer materials – rubber – due to economic considerations. While used tires are reinforced and processed through several complex and costly processes using steel wire and specialized adhesives and threads. Thus, for a better understanding of this difference, their resistance can be likened to comparing unreinforced concrete with reinforced concrete.

[0037] Tires are designed to simultaneously withstand highly strong forces during intense brakes, such as centrifugal force, comprehensive vertical, horizontal, and inclined pressures resulting from handling, friction-induced heat, traction on the asphalt surface, shocks by wetting with water, and the impact of relatively sharp and abrasive objects, as well as the force of compressed air from within. Therefore, with a general understanding of tire properties, it is ensured that they will be responsive beyond expectations in this new mission.

[0038] 1. The vast volume of discarded and free resources of used tires in the environment, has become a significant concern for nature enthusiasts. Annually, one tire per person is added to environmental waste, equivalent to about 8 billion used tires in a year. In this invention, by harnessing used tires, the aforementioned issue will be mitigated all over the world, while using a free but strong and useful resource.

[0039] 2. Walls should not transform a simple frame into a composite frame, in which the frame indicates a greater stiffness than what anticipated, due to the resulted combination. Therefore, the invention of "wall posts" has been introduced. The results of research by the international and national engineering organizations indicate that the integration of wall posts during earthquakes provides the conditions for destructive impacts on structures. For this reason, in the revision of the building code, the implementation of wall posts has been mandated intermittently and with intervals. However, based on physical modeling and my research, during an earthquake, the forces perpendicular to the plate are transformed into rotating waves and in colliding with the separated wall posts, they turn into sinuous and highly damaging waves in fragile and brittle walls, leading to deep cracks and ultimately the collapse of the walls. This is because the parts of the walls involved in the wall posts cannot uniformly and directly hold the entire wall perimeter. Therefore, both models of wall posts in prior art are unsuccessful in practical tests.

[0040] By examining the state of prior art, the clear need for a flexible wall with high elasticity that does not prevent normal structural behaviors is evident. Thus, this invention, by creating a flexible central core, possesses such properties.

[0041] 3. The central core of the invented wall, with an average weight of 20 to 25 kilograms per square meter, is considered as a completely unrivaled achievement in the construction industry.

[0042] 4. It is an insulator and completely non-conductive to heat and cold transfer.

[0043] 5. It provides excellent sound insulation. In addition to the physical structure of rubber, which is considered one of the most effective sound insulators, the complex visual shape of the tires breaks sound waves and prevents their transmission.

[0044] 6. It highly prevents moisture transfer.

[0045] 7. Due to the coverage of steel wires in the core of the tires, conditions for corrosion and breakage are not created, ensuring their resistance and longevity.

[0046] 8. Due to the special structure of tires, they exhibit high resistance to tensile forces. Therefore, in the honeycomb arrangement where they are subjected to tension from six sides, they will perform very successfully.

[0047] 9. This generation of walls will remain connected to the structure under any circumstances, even under severe shocks from storms and destructive earthquakes.

[0048] 10. Economically, this invention is highly cost-effective, as its primary materials are abundantly available as waste in nature.

[0049] 11. It has a very easy implementation, resulting in low installation costs.

[0050] 12. Significant time savings

[0051] 13. No need for the consumption of cement mortar in finishing

[0052] 14. The very low weight of these walls significantly reduces the volume of consumable materials in the structure, including the foundation and the skeleton.

[0053] 15. With this invention, the environment will be less susceptible to damages caused by unregulated extraction of mineral resources. Additionally, due to the significant reduction of pollution from used tires, it is considered a significant contribution to nature. Unfortunately, the continuation of the current relentless procedure will lead to a human tragedy, driven by unregulated mining, the destruction of mountains, deforestation and riverbed depletion, resulting water crises, and ultimately food shortages and famine. The outcome of perpetuating this destructive industry with previous knowledge that failed to grasp the true value of soil is tantamount to the destruction of the Earth. Therefore, any industry leading to the consumption of non-renewable soil resources – such as concrete buildings – is considered destructive to living organisms.

[0054] The overall cost of constructing buildings will see a considerable reduction, leading to ease in housing for the community.

[0055] Some exemplary embodiments of the present invention are illustrated by way of examples in the accompanying drawings in which:Fig.1

[0056] is a line drawing of an exemplary full-tire, cut-tire, and an exemplary arrangement of them in the wall, in which:

[0057] Number 1 displays a full tire;

[0058] Number 2 illustrates a partially cut tire used in the arrangement;

[0059] Number 3 is a cross-sectional view of an exemplary wall;

[0060] Number 31 shows the belt connecting a complete tire to the structure;

[0061] Number 32 displays the belts connecting a cut-tire to the structure;

[0062] Number 33 represents a beam; and

[0063] Number 34 represents a column.Fig.2

[0064] is a line drawing of an exemplary wall with the invented wall post installed on it in which:

[0065] Number 4 displays an exemplary wall in a structure with installed wall post;

[0066] Number 41 shows the molding of the wall post;

[0067] Number 42 represents an exemplary finishing layer which can have a single or multiple layers, any material and any pattern;

[0068] Number 43 represents an exemplary fastener;

[0069] Number 44 represents an exemplary structure in which the wall is placed.Fig.3

[0070] is a line drawing of two exemplary polymer panels in role of wall in which:

[0071] Number 51 displays an exemplary polymer panel in role of wall in which its middle layer has a zigzag pattern;

[0072] Number 511 shows the outer layers;

[0073] Number 512 shows a part of the middle layer with a zigzag pattern;

[0074] Number 52 displays an exemplary polymer panel in role of wall in which its middle layer comprises multiple vertical plates;

[0075] Number 521 shows the outer layers;

[0076] Number 522 shows one of the vertical plates of the middle layer.

[0077] Taking inspiration from nature, where honeycombs achieve necessary strength using soft and flexible wax, emulate this pattern in arranging tires and typically similar to the honeycomb structure, connect the tires from six attachment points to achieve the required strength.

[0078] Following the exemplary wall (3), the first tire is attached to the building’s floor using galvanized belt typically with 2 millimeters thick and 3 centimeters wide, connecting from the inner hole of the tire to the adjacent column like a belt, in a way that belt tension does not reduce the tire’s sidewall height. The tire’s bottom is connected from the inside to the building’s floor using screws, wall anchor or roll bolt, and washers, typically with 1 millimeter thickness and with a radius of 2 centimeters. The remaining distance to the opposite column is similarly filled with arrangement of tires in a straight line which are connected together by using similar belts.

[0079] When the end tire is completely placed, like the first tire, it is connected to the column using a belt, and if there is a need for cutting, the excess sidewall is completely cut, preparing the circumferential surface of the tire like tire (2), and as illustrated in exemplary wall (3) is bent towards the inner hole and is fastened to the column with belt, fully under tension and compression, from the two points, top and bottom, which are closest to the tread of the tire (outer surface).

[0080] For the arrangement of the second row, a tire is initially placed on the lower row so that it is positioned between two lower tires. Using belts around the sidewalls, perpendicular to the hypothetical center of the tires, as shown in exemplary wall (3), they are connected to each other. When reaching the end of the wall, if necessary, excess sidewalls are cut again, and according to points (31) and (32) in the exemplary wall (3), they are connected to the adjacent column.

[0081] The upper row also needs to be connected with a belt around the upper beam – top of the exemplary wall (3). However, it is essential to place weak pressure PVC pipe inside the ceiling and predict and create waiting holes before pouring the concrete. Additionally, the connecting belt can be welded to the metal beams and columns. The best approach is to ensure that the welding length for each end of the belt reaches 13 centimeters on the beam or column.

[0082] If the upper row has a smaller space and the tires are not fully accommodated, like tire (2), cut them and cover the upper space. It is evident that if necessary, cuts can be made more or fewer.

[0083] At this stage, the central core of the wall is fully connected to the structure, and in terms of flexibility, is formed in ideal manner. It means that both complete and direct connection is done and also the required flexibility for the structural engineer is existed.

[0084] Columnar Method for Creating Breaks in Walls: For creating short walls and breaks, the columnar method is recommended. This means connecting tires in a columnar manner, either stacked or side by side, in horizontal and vertical directions. This method results in fewer cuts but is specifically suitable for building narrow walls and forming curved and semicircular surfaces. It is emphasized not to use this method for large walls due to its high instability in joints, compared to the honeycomb model – in terms of resistance.

[0085] For the final covering and concealing of tires surface, various panels with different hardness and inflexibility characteristics, can be used.

[0086] Scissors Design Wall Post: This wall post comprises of moldings (41), and to imply it, the finishing work (42) should be done in a way that set an empty space between wall and structure on the sides and top, according to the calculations of the structural engineer, and connecting the finishing layer (42) only to the bottom of the structure. Then, the moldings (41), in an exemplary calculation with a width of 5 centimeters more than the mentioned gap, are installed on the structure (44) by a fastener (43) and flush with the wall surface, in a way that a 5-centimeter overlap is created and remain tangent together so that during an earthquake or heavy wind, the overlap of moldings always fits completely without any gap on the final wall surface, moving like blades of scissors, without revealing any seams or cracks. This wall post can be implied in any kind of non-structural walls including the aforementioned walls with central cores of worn-out tires, and especially If an inflexible material like ceramic is used. The aforementioned sizes must be calculated according to the building or structure in which the wall post is utilized.

[0087] The finishing layer (42) is only an example, and it can have a single or multiple layers, any material and any pattern.

[0088] If rubber sheets or upholstery of leather, fabric or similar materials are used for covering, they can be directly attached to the tires and the structure's surface – in this approach an intermediate fire barrier is necessary. In implementing this method, the use of moldings, and scissors design is not necessary.

[0089] Safety Instructions: For covering each side of the wall in this invention, fire-resistant materials should be used. Otherwise, at first an appropriate fire-resistant insulator should be applied to the central core of the wall – rubber tire – and then install the desired material as the final covering.

[0090] Choosing Suitable Tires for Implementing the Invention: Through a simple calculation it is possible to select tire sizes proportional to the chosen width and height of the opening, to avoid unnecessary cuts. The variety in tire sizes provides flexibility in selecting the width of the walls.

[0091] Blade Walls: For constructing internal partition walls, motorcycle tires can be used. If we do not anticipate waiting holes, the tires connection belt would be attached to the ceiling by welding or using screws and wall anchors.

[0092] Concealed Piping: There is no obstacle to drilling and passing pipes through the tires for the installation of facilities. However, it is recommended to place the pipes with 10-centimeter intervals to avoid weakening the wall’s resistance due to adjacent holes.

[0093] Installation Methods for Internal and External Coverings on the Core of the Inventive Wall:

[0094] External Facade: The best approach is when aluminum composites are directly screwed onto the tires, and the difference is that for screwing into the tire's tread, only 4-centimeter screws are used, and for screwing into the inside of the tire's sidewall, washers with a thickness of 1 millimeter and a radius of 1 centimeter are used. It can be implemented with different composites and types and sizes of fasteners.

[0095] Implementation Method of Stone and Ceramic Facades on Walls of this Invention: Since the main mission of this invention is environmental protection, and invented to prevent sand and cement extraction and reduce iron consumption from mines, the method of installing stone and ceramic on these walls without mortar is described below:

[0096] Before using hard and inflexible materials for the external covering of these walls, first connect and cover the entire wall surface to the core using galvanized sheets with a minimum thickness of six-tenths of a millimeter, using self-drilling screws. Then, adhere the desired material to the sheet using silicone or iron adhesive, perforate the intersection of the four corners, and install the screws and nuts. The nuts are tightened from inside the building. The gaps should be at least one percent of the length of the exterior cladding material, and flexible silicone or specialized mastics are used to fill the gaps.

[0097] Internal Covering: Start by attaching a layer of rock wool to the surface of the rubber wall. Then, directly screw plasterboard – i.e. processed gypsum sheets – onto it without using a metal structure, ensuring that it penetrates the tires and to prevent hairline cracks in the middle joints, it is better to use wallpaper with elastic properties.

[0098] Reminder: In the typical approach, scissors design is implemented in both cases.

[0099] To implement the openings, connect the belts to the iron frame or the opening frame by cutting the tires. For arranging and establishing a permanent connection of the tires, you can use the following methods: 1. Screw and nut the contact surfaces. 2. Riveting the contact surfaces. 3. Gluing, screwing, or riveting the tires from one or both sides to one or two resistant plates to achieve the desired integrity. 4. Sturdy belts of any material or alloy capable of establishing the desired strength. 5. Use various adhesives. 6. Sew the contact surfaces with wire or resistant threads. 7. Hot pressing.

[0100] Another type of walls that solve the mentioned issues related to the frame and infill is the polymer panel (5), either integrated or discontinuous, serving as building walls and comprising two outer layers and either a middle layer or any kind of connector. In one embodiment (51) the polymer panel comprises two outer layers (511) and a zigzag middle layer (512). In another embodiment (52) the polymer panel comprises two outer layers (521) and a middle layer comprising multiple vertical plates (522).

[0101] If there is a need for an angled wall, a portion of one of the outer layers of these panels can be cut, then bent as required, and connect the two edges of the cut outer layer with a plate suitable to the created gap.

[0102] The aforementioned polymer panel, can further comprises a combination of any metal, plastic, or natural fibers with polymer to enhance the strength and resistance of the wall panel.Examples

[0103] A: This invention can be used in the construction of walls for commercial, administrative and residential centers, as well as factories, apartments, motels, hotels, beach resorts, facilities for camping and other types of buildings.

[0104] B: The central core formed of worn-out tires can serve as a flower box or a barrier separating spaces in tourist areas, gardens, zoos, beaches, parks, and other locations.

[0105] C: The crucial traffic application of this invention involves its use on the edges of mountain roads to prevent the danger of rockfall onto the roads, only by installing this invention along the mountain surfaces.

[0106] D: It can provide an effective alternative to guardrails, preventing vehicles from tumbling into ravines.

[0107] E: This invention can also be utilized as a wave breaker.

[0108] This invention serves as a wall between two physical environments. By installing covering layers on it, which play the role of finishing, efficient walls are formed that have practical applications in buildings. The disclosed wall posts can be used for any kind of non-load bearing walls, including the aforementioned walls with central part formed of worn-out tires

Claims

1. A non-load bearing wall, comprising:- a central core formed by honeycomb arrangement and interconnection of worn-out tires;- wires or belts which connect the worn-out tires together and to the structure in which the wall is applied;- a finishing layer or layers of any material applied on the central core formed by the honeycomb arrangement and interconnection of worn-out tires.

2. The non-load bearing wall of claim 1, wherein any non-peripheral worn-out tire is connected to other worn-out tires in either four or six directions.

3. The non-load bearing wall of claim 1, where in the case of angle creating or crescent shaping of the wall, worn-out tires are stacked vertically on top of each other.

4. A wall post comprising moldings surrounding the wall from sides and top, and the wall is placed between them with the required gap, and the installation method includes:- doing the finishing work by creating an empty space between the wall and the structure, on the sides and top, as much as the structure’s displacement, and connecting the finishing layer only to the bottom of the structure;- the installation of moldings with a width more than the corresponding empty space, on the structure and flush with the wall surface, in a way that an overlap is created and remain tangent together, to when facing seismic waves and heavy winds, the overlap of moldings persists without any gap on the final wall surface, moving like blades of scissors, without revealing any seams or cracks.

5. The non-load bearing wall of claim 1, wherein the finishing work is done in a way that set an empty space between wall and structure, on the sides and top, as much as the structure’s displacement, and connecting the finishing only to the bottom of the structure, then a wall post comprising moldings with a width more than the corresponding empty space, is installed on the structure, wherein the moldings are flush with the wall surface, an overlap is created, and they remain tangent together, to when facing seismic waves and heavy winds, the overlap of moldings persists without any gap on the final wall surface, moving like blades of scissors, without revealing any seams or cracks.

6. An integrated or discontinuous polymer panel serves as a non-load bearing wall, comprising two outer layers and either a middle layer with a vertical or zigzag pattern or any kind of connector, with the possibility to employ either flexible or semi-brittle materials on the polymer panel as finishing.

7. The polymer panel of claim 6, further comprising a combination of any metal, plastic, or natural fibers with polymer to enhance the strength and resistance of the wall panel.

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