Gene edited potato plants with improved haplotypes

Abstract

The disclosure herein discloses potato varieties with unique haplotypes that allow for the expression of improved cold storage in potatoes through potatoes with one or more the unique haplotypes to allow for improved ratios of reducing sugars and non-reducing sugars and / or reduced acrylamide in a processed potato product compared to that obtained from a control plant. This improved cold storage allows for improved chip lightness scores in the potatoes with these unique haplotypes.

Description

Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 TITLE GENE EDITED POTATO PLANTS WITH IMPROVED HAPLOTYPES CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED MATTER

[0001] The present application claims priority to U.S. Application No.63 / 608,058, as filed on December 8, 2023, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference for all purposes.

[0002] All references, articles, publications, patents, patent publications, and patent applications cited herein within the above text and / or cited below are incorporated by reference in their entireties for all purposes. However, mention of any reference, article, publication, patent, patent publication, and patent application cited herein is not, and should not be taken as acknowledgment or any form of suggestion that they constitute valid prior art or form part of the common general knowledge in any country in the world. FIELD

[0003] The inventions relate generally to the field of agricultural science, and specifically to crop improvement. The inventions also relate to potato cultivars with improved cold-storage characteristics, with improved ratios of reducing sugars to non-reducing sugars and increased specific gravity. The inventions further relate to potato plant products obtained by this process. BACKGROUND

[0004] The potato (Solanum tuberosum) is the third most important food crop in the world after rice and wheat, in terms of human consumption. More than a billion people worldwide eat potatoes, and global total crop production exceeds 300 million metric tons. (Clasen et al.2016).

[0005] Most potatoes grown for food by U.S. farmers are used by food processors for potato chips, French fries, and other processed products. However, because potatoes are only harvested once a year, it is necessary to cold store the tubers to ensure a year-round supply of high-quality potatoes for processing. Without cold storage, potatoes have a shelf life of about 6 months, after which they rapidly deteriorate in quality. (Sowokinos 2001). In addition to prolonged storage, cold temperatures also reduce sprouting, losses due to shrinkage and the spread of disease.

[0006] Unfortunately, cold storage also has undesirable side-effects on potato quality. One of those undesirable side-effects is referred to in the industry as “cold-induced sweetening” (“CIS”). CIS involves the accumulation of the reducing sugars glucose and fructose from the breakdown of starch. When processed at high temperatures, those reducing sugars form dark-Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 pigmented products that are bitter and unacceptable to consumers. (Sowokinos 2001). In the U.S., CIS causes up to 15% of potatoes being rejected at processing plants every year. (Bhaskar et al.2010).

[0007] In addition to producing bitter-tasting products, heat processing also causes reducing sugars to react with free amino acids (for example, asparagine) to form the potential cancer- causing agent, acrylamide. Acrylamide formation in products like potato chips and French fries has been shown to occur via the nonenzymatic Maillard reaction. (Mottram et al.2002). Acrylamide is particularly prevalent in heat-processed potatoes that have undergone CIS, due to their high levels of reducing sugars. Thus, methods that reduce acrylamide are being sought by potato growers.

[0008] At least one way to reduce CIS and therefore acrylamide content in heat-processed potatoes is to decrease the accumulation of reducing sugars formed during cold storage. Accumulation of reducing sugars during cold storage is influenced by several metabolic processes including starch synthesis and starch degradation. Potato Vacuolar invertase gene (“VINV”) plays a particularly important role in the conversion of starch into reducing sugars during storage. (Sowokinos 2001). Thus, there is a need to develop methods to quickly and effectively reduce VINV activity in potatoes in a consumer and regulatory-friendly manner.

[0009] Another potato trait is specific gravity (SpGr), which is used to estimate tuber processing and culinary quality. Typically, the SpGr measured on a sample of many tubers is used to estimate the mean value for a larger population and commonly determined by the water displacement method, which is the weight of the tubers in air divided by the difference between the weight of the tubers in air and the weight of the tubers in water. The target SpGr phenotype of tubers destined for processing is typically at least 1.080 (see Greenwood, M.L., M.H. McKendrick, and A. Hawkins.1952. The relationship of the specific gravity of six genotypes of potatoes to their mealiness as assessed by sensory methods. Am. Potato J.29:192–196; Young, D.A., P.W. Voisey, and N. Dixon.1964. A specific gravity calculator for potatoes. Am. Potato J. 41:401–405; Wang, Y., P.C. Bethke, A.J. Bussan, M.T. Glynn, D.G. Holm, F.M. Navarro et al. 2015. Acrylamide-forming potential and agronomic properties of elite U.S. potato germplasm from the National Fry Processing Trial. Crop Sci.56:1–10). SUBMISSION OF SEQUENCE LISTINGAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1

[0010] The Sequence Listing associated with this application is filed in xlm electronic format (OHLO.23WOU1; file size 200kb, created on December 6, 2024) via PatentCenter and is hereby incorporated by reference into the specification in its entirety.

[0011] SEQ ID NO: 1 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7182 Hap1 phase shift = 7bp

[0012] SEQ ID NO: 2 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7182 Hap2 phase shift = 8bp

[0013] SEQ ID NO: 3 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7182 Hap3 phase shift = 13bp

[0014] SEQ ID NO: 4 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7182 Hap4 phase shift = 7bp

[0015] SEQ ID NO: 5 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7186 Hap1 phase shift = 10bp

[0016] SEQ ID NO:6 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7186 Hap2 phase shift = 9bp

[0017] SEQ ID NO:7 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7186 Hap3 phase shift = 9bp

[0018] SEQ ID NO:8 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7186 Hap4 phase shift = 8bp

[0019] SEQ ID NO: 9 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7188 Hap1 phase shift = 7bp

[0020] SEQ ID NO: 10 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7188 Hap2 phase shift = 16bp

[0021] SEQ ID NO: 11 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7188 Hap3 phase shift = 14bp

[0022] SEQ ID NO: 12 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7188 Hap4 phase shift = 7bp

[0023] SEQ ID NO: 13 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7242 Hap1 phase shift = 9bp

[0024] SEQ ID NO: 14 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7242 Hap2 phase shift = 33bpAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1

[0025] SEQ ID NO: 15 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7242 Hap3 phase shift = 9bp

[0026] SEQ ID NO: 16 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7242 Hap4 phase shift = 8bp

[0027] SEQ ID NO: 17 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7287 Hap1 phase shift = 13bp

[0028] SEQ ID NO: 18 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7287 Hap2 phase shift = 7bp

[0029] SEQ ID NO: 19 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7287 Hap3 phase shift = 10bp

[0030] SEQ ID NO: 20 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7287 Hap4 phase shift = 6bp

[0031] SEQ ID NO: 21 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7302 Hap1 phase shift = 7bp

[0032] SEQ ID NO: 22 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7302 Hap2 phase shift = 9bp

[0033] SEQ ID NO: 23 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7302 Hap3 phase shift = 6bp

[0034] SEQ ID NO: 24 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7302 Hap4 phase shift = 5bp

[0035] SEQ ID NO: 25 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7318 Hap1 phase shift = 9bp

[0036] SEQ ID NO: 26 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7318 Hap2 phase shift = 9bp

[0037] SEQ ID NO: 27 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7318 Hap3 phase shift = 12bp

[0038] SEQ ID NO: 28 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7318 Hap4 phase shift = 6bp

[0039] SEQ ID NO: 29 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7324 Hap1 phase shift = 9bpAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1

[0040] SEQ ID NO: 30 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7324 Hap2 phase shift = 15bp

[0041] SEQ ID NO: 31 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7324 Hap3 phase shift = 15bp

[0042] SEQ ID NO: 32 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7324 Hap4 phase shift = 10bp

[0043] SEQ ID NO: 33 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7326 Hap1 phase shift = 5bp

[0044] SEQ ID NO: 34 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7326 Hap2 phase shift = 7bp

[0045] SEQ ID NO: 35 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7326 Hap3 phase shift = 11bp

[0046] SEQ ID NO: 36 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7326 Hap4 phase shift = 11bp

[0047] SEQ ID NO: 37 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7340 Hap1 phase shift = 13bp

[0048] SEQ ID NO: 38 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7340 Hap2 phase shift = 6bp

[0049] SEQ ID NO: 39 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7340 Hap3 phase shift = 6bp

[0050] SEQ ID NO: 40 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7340 Hap4 phase shift = 7bp

[0051] SEQ ID NO: 41 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7347 Hap1 phase shift = 7bp

[0052] SEQ ID NO: 42 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7347 Hap2 phase shift = 8bp

[0053] SEQ ID NO: 43 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7347 Hap3 phase shift = 11bp

[0054] SEQ ID NO: 44 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7347 Hap4 phase shift = 7bpAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1

[0055] SEQ ID NO: 45 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7373 Hap1 phase shift = 9bp

[0056] SEQ ID NO: 46 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7373 Hap2 phase shift = 0bp (wild type)

[0057] SEQ ID NO: 47 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7373 Hap3 phase shift = 13bp

[0058] SEQ ID NO: 48 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7373 Hap4 phase shift = 10bp

[0059] SEQ ID NO: 49 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7385 Hap1 phase shift = 15bp

[0060] SEQ ID NO: 50 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7385 Hap2 phase shift = 4bp

[0061] SEQ ID NO: 51 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7385 Hap3 phase shift = 8bp

[0062] SEQ ID NO: 52 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7385 Hap4 phase shift = 13bp

[0063] SEQ ID NO: 53 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7398 Hap1 phase shift = 8bp

[0064] SEQ ID NO: 54 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7398 Hap2 phase shift = 13bp

[0065] SEQ ID NO: 55 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7398 Hap3 phase shift = 8bp

[0066] SEQ ID NO: 56 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7398 Hap4 phase shift = 10bp

[0067] SEQ ID NO: 57 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7400 Hap1 phase shift = 8bp

[0068] SEQ ID NO: 58 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7400 Hap2 phase shift = 6bp

[0069] SEQ ID NO: 59 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7400 Hap3 phase shift = 6bpAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1

[0070] SEQ ID NO: 60 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7400 Hap4 phase shift = 13bp

[0071] SEQ ID NO: 61 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7413 Hap1 phase shift = 11bp

[0072] SEQ ID NO: 62 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7413 Hap2 phase shift = 17bp

[0073] SEQ ID NO: 63 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7413 Hap3 phase shift = 13bp

[0074] SEQ ID NO: 64 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7413 Hap4 phase shift = 7bp

[0075] SEQ ID NO: 65 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7421 Hap1 phase shift = 10bp

[0076] SEQ ID NO: 66 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7421 Hap2 phase shift = 13bp

[0077] SEQ ID NO: 67 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7421 Hap3 phase shift = 11bp

[0078] SEQ ID NO: 68 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7421 Hap4 phase shift = 6bp

[0079] SEQ ID NO: 69 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7426 Hap1 phase shift = 11bp

[0080] SEQ ID NO: 70 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7426 Hap2 phase shift = 7bp

[0081] SEQ ID NO: 71 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7426 Hap3 phase shift = 5bp

[0082] SEQ ID NO: 72 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7426 Hap4 phase shift = 9bp

[0083] SEQ ID NO: 73 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7432 Hap1 phase shift = 9bp

[0084] SEQ ID NO: 74 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7432 Hap2 phase shift = 14bpAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1

[0085] SEQ ID NO: 75 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7432 Hap3 phase shift = 16bp

[0086] SEQ ID NO: 76 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7432 Hap4 phase shift = 7bp

[0087] SEQ ID NO: 77 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7436 Hap1 phase shift = 7bp

[0088] SEQ ID NO: 78 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7436 Hap2 phase shift = 9bp

[0089] SEQ ID NO: 79 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7436 Hap3 phase shift = 6bp

[0090] SEQ ID NO: 80 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7436 Hap4 phase shift = 6bp

[0091] SEQ ID NO: 81 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7437 Hap1 phase shift = 7bp

[0092] SEQ ID NO: 82 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7437 Hap2 phase shift = 8bp

[0093] SEQ ID NO: 83 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7437 Hap3 phase shift = 7bp

[0094] SEQ ID NO: 84 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7437 Hap4 phase shift = 7bp

[0095] SEQ ID NO: 85 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7458 Hap1 phase shift = 8bp

[0096] SEQ ID NO: 86 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7458 Hap2 phase shift = 13bp

[0097] SEQ ID NO: 87 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7458 Hap3 phase shift = 10bp

[0098] SEQ ID NO: 88 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7458 Hap4 phase shift = 7bp

[0099] SEQ ID NO: 89 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7459 Hap1 phase shift = 11bpAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1

[0100] SEQ ID NO: 90 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7459 Hap2 phase shift = 11bp

[0101] SEQ ID NO: 91 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7459 Hap3 phase shift = 11bp

[0102] SEQ ID NO: 92 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7459 Hap4 phase shift = 7bp

[0103] SEQ ID NO: 93 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7471 Hap1 phase shift = 8bp

[0104] SEQ ID NO: 94 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7471 Hap2 phase shift = 6bp

[0105] SEQ ID NO: 95 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7471 Hap3 phase shift = 6bp

[0106] SEQ ID NO: 96 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7471 Hap4 phase shift = 13bp

[0107] SEQ ID NO: 97 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7475 Hap1 phase shift = 10bp

[0108] SEQ ID NO: 98 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7475 Hap2 phase shift = 10bp

[0109] SEQ ID NO: 99 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7475 Hap3 phase shift = 8bp

[0110] SEQ ID NO: 100 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7475 Hap4 phase shift = 8bp

[0111] SEQ ID NO: 101 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7621 Hap1 phase shift = 8bpSEQ ID NO: 102 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7621 Hap2 phase shift = 7bp

[0112] SEQ ID NO: 103 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7621 Hap3 phase shift = 8bp

[0113] SEQ ID NO: 104 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7621 Hap4 phase shift = 9bp

[0114] SEQ ID NO: 105 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7632 Hap1 phase shift = 5bpAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1

[0115] SEQ ID NO: 106 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7632 Hap2 phase shift = 5bp

[0116] SEQ ID NO: 107 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7632 Hap3 phase shift = 10bp

[0117] SEQ ID NO: 108 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7632 Hap4 phase shift = 7bp

[0118] SEQ ID NO: 109 discloses the DNA sequence for the Russet Burbank E-PED060- 8903 Hap1 phase shift = 7bp

[0119] SEQ ID NO: 110 discloses the DNA sequence for the Russet Burbank E-PED060- 8903 Hap2 phase shift = 8bp

[0120] SEQ ID NO: 111 discloses the DNA sequence for the Russet Burbank E-PED060- 8903 Hap5 phase shift = 7bp

[0121] SEQ ID NO: 112 discloses the DNA sequence for the Russet Burbank E-PED060- 8903 Hap5 phase shift = 8bp

[0122] SEQ ID NO: 113 discloses the DNA sequence for the Russet Burbank E-PED060- 8916 Hap1 phase shift = 7bp

[0123] SEQ ID NO: 114 discloses the DNA sequence for the Russet Burbank E-PED060- 8916 Hap2 phase shift = 9bp

[0124] SEQ ID NO: 115 discloses the DNA sequence for the Russet Burbank E-PED060- 8916 Hap5 phase shift = 12bp

[0125] SEQ ID NO: 116 discloses the DNA sequence for the Russet Burbank E-PED060- 8916 Hap5 phase shift = 9bp

[0126] SEQ ID NO: 117 discloses the DNA sequence for the Russet Burbank E-PED060- 8942 Hap1 phase shift = 6bp

[0127] SEQ ID NO: 118 discloses the DNA sequence for the Russet Burbank E-PED060- 8942 Hap2 phase shift = 1bp

[0128] SEQ ID NO: 119 discloses the DNA sequence for the Russet Burbank E-PED060- 8942 Hap5 phase shift = 7bp

[0129] SEQ ID NO: 120 discloses the DNA sequence for the Russet Burbank E-PED060- 8942 Hap5 phase shift = 14bpAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1

[0130] SEQ ID NO: 121 discloses the DNA sequence for the Russet Burbank E-PED060- 9609 Hap1 phase shift = 6bp

[0131] SEQ ID NO: 122 discloses the DNA sequence for the Russet Burbank E-PED060- 9609 Hap2 phase shift = 10bp

[0132] SEQ ID NO: 123 discloses the DNA sequence for the Russet Burbank E-PED060- 9609 Hap5 phase shift = 10bp

[0133] SEQ ID NO: 124 discloses the DNA sequence for the Russet Burbank E-PED060- 9609 Hap5 phase shift = 10bp

[0134] SEQ ID NO: 125 discloses the DNA sequence for the Russet Burbank E-PED060- 9610 Hap1 phase shift = 11bp

[0135] SEQ ID NO: 126 discloses the DNA sequence for the Russet Burbank E-PED060- 9610 Hap2 phase shift = 11bp

[0136] SEQ ID NO: 127 discloses the DNA sequence for the Russet Burbank E-PED060- 9610 Hap5 phase shift = 7bp

[0137] SEQ ID NO: 128 discloses the DNA sequence for the Russet Burbank E-PED060- 9610 Hap5 phase shift = 16bp

[0138] SEQ ID NO: 129 discloses the DNA sequence for the Russet Burbank E-PED060- 9653 Hap1 phase shift = 11bp

[0139] SEQ ID NO: 130 discloses the DNA sequence for the Russet Burbank E-PED060- 9653 Hap2 phase shift = 10bp

[0140] SEQ ID NO: 131 discloses the DNA sequence for the Russet Burbank E-PED060- 9653 Hap5 phase shift = 11bp

[0141] SEQ ID NO: 132 discloses the DNA sequence for the Russet Burbank E-PED060- 9653 Hap5 phase shift = 8bp

[0142] SEQ ID NO: 133 discloses the DNA sequence for the Russet Burbank E-PED060- 9687 Hap1 phase shift = 9bp

[0143] SEQ ID NO: 134 discloses the DNA sequence for the Russet Burbank E-PED060- 9687 Hap2 phase shift = 8bp

[0144] SEQ ID NO: 135 discloses the DNA sequence for the Russet Burbank E-PED060- 9687 Hap5 phase shift = 8bpAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1

[0145] SEQ ID NO: 136 discloses the DNA sequence for the Russet Burbank E-PED060- 9687 Hap5 phase shift = 13bp

[0146] SEQ ID NO: 137 discloses the DNA sequence for the Russet Burbank E-PED060- 9765 Hap1 phase shift = 9bp

[0147] SEQ ID NO: 138 discloses the DNA sequence for the Russet Burbank E-PED060- 9765 Hap2 phase shift = 10bp

[0148] SEQ ID NO: 139 discloses the DNA sequence for the Russet Burbank E-PED060- 9765 Hap5 phase shift = 8bp

[0149] SEQ ID NO: 140 discloses the DNA sequence for the Russet Burbank E-PED060- 9765 Hap5 phase shift = 7bp

[0150] SEQ ID NO: 141 discloses the DNA sequence for the Russet Burbank E-PED060- 9791vHap1

[0151] SEQ ID NO: 142 discloses the DNA sequence for the Russet Burbank E-PED060- 9791 Hap2

[0152] SEQ ID NO: 143 discloses the DNA sequence for the Russet Burbank E-PED060- 9791 Hap5

[0153] SEQ ID NO: 144 discloses the DNA sequence for the Russet Burbank E-PED060- 9791 Hap5

[0154] SEQ ID NO: 145 discloses the DNA sequence for the Russet Burbank E-PED060- 9808 Hap1 phase shift = 9bp

[0155] SEQ ID NO: 146 discloses the DNA sequence for the Russet Burbank E-PED060- 9808 Hap2 phase shift = 7bp

[0156] SEQ ID NO: 147 discloses the DNA sequence for the Russet Burbank E-PED060- 9808 Hap5 phase shift = 7bp

[0157] SEQ ID NO: 148 discloses the DNA sequence for the Russet Burbank E-PED060- 9808 Hap5 phase shift = 5bp

[0158] SEQ ID NO: 149 discloses the DNA sequence for the Proto-spacer PRS155

[0159] SEQ ID NO: 150 discloses the DNA sequence for the Proto-spacer PRS156

[0160] SEQ ID NO: 151 discloses the DNA sequence for the Proto-spacer PRS157

[0161] SEQ ID NO: 152 discloses the DNA sequence for the Proto-spacer PRS158

[0162] SEQ ID NO: 153 discloses the DNA sequence for the Proto-spacer PRS159Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1

[0163] SEQ ID NO: 154 discloses the DNA sequence for the Proto-spacer PRS160

[0164] SEQ ID NO: 155 discloses the DNA sequence for the Proto-spacer PRS161

[0165] SEQ ID NO: 156 discloses the DNA sequence for the Proto-spacer PRS162

[0166] SEQ ID NO: 157 discloses the DNA sequence for the Proto-spacer PRS163

[0167] SEQ ID NO: 158 discloses the DNA sequence for the Proto-spacer PRS164

[0168] SEQ ID NO: 159 discloses the RNA sequence for the Guide RNA GR155

[0169] SEQ ID NO: 160 discloses the RNA sequence for the Guide RNA GR156

[0170] SEQ ID NO: 161 discloses the RNA sequence for the Guide RNA GR157

[0171] SEQ ID NO: 162 discloses the RNA sequence for the Guide RNA GR158

[0172] SEQ ID NO: 163 discloses the RNA sequence for the Guide RNA GR159

[0173] SEQ ID NO: 164 discloses the RNA sequence for the Guide RNA GR160

[0174] SEQ ID NO: 165 discloses the RNA sequence for the Guide RNA GR161

[0175] SEQ ID NO: 166 discloses the RNA sequence for the Guide RNA GR162

[0176] SEQ ID NO: 167 discloses the RNA sequence for the Guide RNA GR163

[0177] SEQ ID NO: 168 discloses the RNA sequence for the Guide RNA GR164

[0178] SEQ ID NO: 169 discloses the DNA sequence for the Editing Window

[0179] SEQ ID NO: 170 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7240 Hap1 phase shift = 12bp

[0180] SEQ ID NO: 171 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7240 Hap2 phase shift = 8bp

[0181] SEQ ID NO: 172 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7240 Hap3 phase shift = 10bp

[0182] SEQ ID NO: 173 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7240 Hap4 phase shift = 12bp

[0183] SEQ ID NO: 174 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7300 Hap1 phase shift = 11bp

[0184] SEQ ID NO: 175 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7300 Hap2 phase shift = 8bp

[0185] SEQ ID NO: 176 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7300 Hap3 phase shift = 0bp (wild type)Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1

[0186] SEQ ID NO: 177 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7300 Hap4 phase shift = 7bp

[0187] SEQ ID NO: 178 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7419 Hap1 phase shift = 0bp (wild type)

[0188] SEQ ID NO: 179 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7419 Hap2 phase shift = 7bp

[0189] SEQ ID NO: 180 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7419 Hap3 phase shift = 11bp

[0190] SEQ ID NO: 181 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7419 Hap4 phase shift = 11bp

[0191] SEQ ID NO: 182 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7477 Hap1 phase shift = 2bp

[0192] SEQ ID NO: 183 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7477 Hap2 phase shift = 0bp (wild type)

[0193] SEQ ID NO: 184 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7477 Hap3 phase shift = 8bp

[0194] SEQ ID NO: 185 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7477 Hap4 phase shift = 15bp

[0195] SEQ ID NO: 186 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7487 Hap1 phase shift = 0bp (wild type)

[0196] SEQ ID NO: 187 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7487 Hap2 phase shift = 0bp (wild type)

[0197] SEQ ID NO: 188 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7487 Hap3 phase shift = 8bp

[0198] SEQ ID NO: 189 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7487 Hap4 phase shift = 0bp (wild type)

[0199] SEQ ID NO: 190 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7590 Hap1 phase shift = 19bp

[0200] SEQ ID NO: 191 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7590 Hap2 phase shift = 0bp (wild type)Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1

[0201] SEQ ID NO: 192 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7590 Hap3 phase shift = 8bp

[0202] SEQ ID NO: 193 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7590 Hap4 phase shift = 7bp

[0203] SEQ ID NO: 194 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7651 Hap1 phase shift = 0bp (wild type)

[0204] SEQ ID NO: 195 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7651 Hap2 phase shift = 0b (wild type)

[0205] SEQ ID NO: 196 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7651 Hap3 phase shift = 13bp

[0206] SEQ ID NO: 197 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7651 Hap4 phase shift = 0bp (wild type)

[0207] SEQ ID NO: 198 discloses the DNA sequence for the Russet Burbank E-PED060- 8917 Hap1 phase shift = 10bp

[0208] SEQ ID NO: 199 discloses the DNA sequence for the Russet Burbank E- PED060- 8917 Hap2 phase shift = 13bp

[0209] SEQ ID NO: 200 discloses the DNA sequence for the Russet Burbank E- PED060- 8917 Hap5 phase shift = 0bp (wild type)

[0210] SEQ ID NO: 201 discloses the DNA sequence for the Russet Burbank E- PED060- 8917 Hap5 phase shift = 8bp

[0211] SEQ ID NO: 202 discloses the DNA sequence for the Russet Burbank E-PED060- 9590 Hap1 phase shift = 0bp (wild type)

[0212] SEQ ID NO: 203 discloses the DNA sequence for the Russet Burbank E-PED060- 9590 Hap2 phase shift = 11bp

[0213] SEQ ID NO: 204 discloses the DNA sequence for the Russet Burbank E-PED060- 9590 Hap5 phase shift = 0bp (wild type)

[0214] SEQ ID NO: 205 discloses the DNA sequence for the Russet Burbank E-PED060- 9590 Hap5 phase shift = 8bp

[0215] SEQ ID NO: 206 discloses the DNA sequence for the Russet Burbank E-PED060- 9711 Hap1 phase shift = 8bpAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1

[0216] SEQ ID NO: 207 discloses the DNA sequence for the Russet Burbank E-PED060- 9711 Hap2 phase shift = 11bp

[0217] SEQ ID NO: 208 discloses the DNA sequence for the Russet Burbank E-PED060- 9711 Hap5 phase shift = 0bp (wild type)

[0218] SEQ ID NO: 209 discloses the DNA sequence for the Russet Burbank E-PED060- 9711 Hap5 phase shift = 8bp

[0219] SEQ ID NO: 210 discloses the DNA sequence for the Russet Burbank E-PED060- 9846 Hap1 phase shift = 9bp

[0220] SEQ ID NO: 211 discloses the DNA sequence for the Russet Burbank E-PED060- 9846 Hap2 phase shift = 0bp (wild type)

[0221] SEQ ID NO: 212 discloses the DNA sequence for the Russet Burbank E-PED060- 9846 Hap5 phase shift = 7bp

[0222] SEQ ID NO: 213 discloses the DNA sequence for the Russet Burbank E-PED060- 9846 Hap5 phase shift = 16bp

[0223] SEQ ID NO: 214 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7393 Hap1 phase shift = 0bp (wild type)

[0224] SEQ ID NO: 215 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7393 Hap2 phase shift = 7bp

[0225] SEQ ID NO: 216 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7393 Hap3 phase shift = 0bp (wild type)

[0226] SEQ ID NO: 217 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7393 Hap4 phase shift = 0bp (wild type)

[0227] SEQ ID NO: 218 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7594 Hap1 phase shift = 0bp (wild type)

[0228] SEQ ID NO: 219 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7594 Hap2 phase shift = 0bp (wild type)

[0229] SEQ ID NO: 220 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7594 Hap3 phase shift = 0bp (wild type)

[0230] SEQ ID NO: 221 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7594 Hap4 phase shift = 0bp (wild type)Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1

[0231] SEQ ID NO: 222 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7286 Hap1 phase shift = 0bp (wild type)

[0232] SEQ ID NO: 223 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7286 Hap2 phase shift = 0bp (wild type)

[0233] SEQ ID NO: 224 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7286 Hap3 phase shift = 0bp (wild type)

[0234] SEQ ID NO: 225 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7286 Hap4 phase shift = 0bp (wild type)

[0235] SEQ ID NO: 226 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7384 Hap1 phase shift = 0bp (wild type)

[0236] SEQ ID NO: 227 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7384 Hap2 phase shift = 0bp (wild type)

[0237] SEQ ID NO: 228 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7384 Hap3 phase shift = 0bp (wild type)

[0238] SEQ ID NO: 229 discloses the DNA sequence for the Atlantic E-PED165-7384 Hap4 phase shift = 0bp (wild type) BRIEF SUMMARY

[0239] Provided herein are compositions, methods, kits, and genomes directed to the generation of modified potato plants and products that exhibit lighter color and reduced cold- induced sweetening and acrylamide accumulation.

[0240] The following embodiments and aspects thereof are described and illustrated in conjunction with systems, tools and methods, which are meant to be exemplary and illustrative, not limiting in scope.

[0241] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided, a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell is provided comprising a genetic modification in at least one VINV allele, wherein a potato food product derived from said potato plant has a chip lightness score at least 10%, 25%, 50% or greater than a potato food product derived from a control potato plant.

[0242] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided, a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell is provided comprising a genetic modification in at least one VINV allele,Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 wherein a potato food product derived from said potato plant comprises a chip lightness score greater than 63.

[0243] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided, a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell is provided comprising a genetic modification in at least one VINV allele, wherein a tuber of the modified potato plant comprises a glucose level at least 10% lower than that of a control plant, a fructose level at least 10% lower than that of a control plant, or both.

[0244] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided, a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell is provided comprising a genetic modification in at least two VINV alleles, wherein a potato food product derived from said potato plant has a chip lightness score at least 10% greater than a potato food product derived from a control potato plant.

[0245] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided, a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell is provided where a potato food product derived from said potato plant is has a chip lightness score between 10% and 25% greater than a potato food product derived from a control potato plant.

[0246] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided, a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell provided comprising a genetic modification in at least two VINV alleles, wherein a potato food product derived from said potato plant comprises a chip lightness score greater than 63.

[0247] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided, a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell is provided comprising a genetic modification in at least two VINV alleles, wherein a tuber of the modified potato plant comprises a glucose level at least 10% lower than that of a control plant, a fructose level at least 10% lower than that of a control plant, or both.

[0248] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided, a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell is provided comprising a genetic modification in at least three VINV alleles, wherein a potato food product derived from said potato plant has a chip lightness score at least 10% greater than a potato food product derived from a control potato plant.

[0249] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided, a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell is provided comprising a genetic modification in at least three VINV alleles, wherein a potato food product derived from said potato plant comprises a chip lightness score greater than 63.Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1

[0250] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided, a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell is provided comprising a genetic modification in at least three VINV alleles, wherein a tuber of the modified potato plant comprises a glucose level at least 10% lower than that of a control plant, a fructose level at least 10% lower than that of a control plant, or both.

[0251] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided, a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprising a genetic modification in four VINV alleles, wherein a potato food product derived from said potato plant has a chip lightness score at least 10% greater than a potato food product derived from a control potato plant.

[0252] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided, a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell is provided comprising a genetic modification in four VINV alleles, wherein a potato food product derived from said potato plant comprises a chip lightness score greater than 63.

[0253] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided, a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell is provided comprising a genetic modification in four VINV alleles, wherein a tuber of the modified potato plant comprises a glucose level at least 10% lower than that of a control plant, a fructose level at least 10% lower than that of a control plant, or both.

[0254] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided, a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell is provided comprising a genetic modification or mutation such as, but not limited to, a deletion, edit, phase shift, inversion, or duplication in at least one VINV allele wherein said VINV allele selected from the group consisting of the Hap1 VINV allele, the Hap2 VINV allele, the Hap3 VINV allele, the Hap4 VINV and the Hap5 VINV allele.

[0255] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided, a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprising a modification or mutation such as, but not limited to, a deletion, edit, phase shift, inversion, or duplication in at least one of the Hap1, Hap2, Hap3, Hap4 and Hap5 VINV alleles, wherein the deletion, edit, phase shift, inversion, or duplication was generated via a guided endonuclease, and wherein the endonuclease binds to a protospacer sequence chosen from SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, SEQ ID NO: 151 SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, SEQ ID NO: 157 and SEQ ID NO: 158, or a sequence having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, or at least 95% identity to SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, SEQ ID NO: 151 SEQ ID NO: 152,Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, SEQ ID NO: 157 or SEQ ID NO: 158.

[0256] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided, a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprising a modification such as, but not limited to, a deletion, edit, phase shift, inversion, or duplication in at least one or more of the Hap1, Hap2, Hap3, Hap4 and Hap5 VINV alleles, wherein each deletion, edit, phase shift, inversion, or duplication was generated via a guided endonuclease, and wherein each deletion, edit, phase shift, inversion, or duplication comprises one or more nucleotides corresponding to the editing window of SEQ ID NO: 169 when the modified VINV allele is aligned to SEQ ID NO: 169.

[0257] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided, a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell where the Hap1 VINV allele comprises a sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO:1, SEQ ID NO:5, SEQ ID NO:9, SEQ ID NO:13, SEQ ID NO:17, SEQ ID NO:21, SEQ ID NO:25, SEQ ID NO:29, SEQ ID NO:33, SEQ ID NO:37, SEQ ID NO:41, SEQ ID NO:45, SEQ ID NO:49, SEQ ID NO:53, SEQ ID NO:57, SEQ ID NO:61, SEQ ID NO:65, SEQ ID NO:69, SEQ ID NO:73, SEQ ID NO:77, SEQ ID NO:81, SEQ ID NO:85, SEQ ID NO:89, SEQ ID NO:93, SEQ ID NO:97, SEQ ID NO:101, SEQ ID NO:105, SEQ ID NO:109, SEQ ID NO:113, SEQ ID NO:117, SEQ ID NO:1121, SEQ ID NO:125, SEQ ID NO:129, SEQ ID NO:133 SEQ ID NO:137, SEQ ID NO:141, SEQ ID NO:145, SEQ ID NO:170, SEQ ID NO:174 SEQ ID NO:178 SEQ ID NO:182, SEQ ID NO:186, SEQ ID NO:190, SEQ ID NO:194, SEQ ID NO:198, SEQ ID NO:202, SEQ ID NO:206, SEQ ID NO:210, SEQ ID NO:214, SEQ ID NO:218, SEQ ID NO:222, and SEQ ID NO:226.

[0258] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided, a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell, where the Hap2 VINV allele comprises a sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO:2, SEQ ID NO:6, SEQ ID NO:10, SEQ ID NO:14, SEQ ID NO:18, SEQ ID NO:22, SEQ ID NO:26, SEQ ID NO:30, SEQ ID NO:34, SEQ ID NO:38, SEQ ID NO:42, SEQ ID NO:46, SEQ ID NO:50, SEQ ID NO:54, SEQ ID NO:58, SEQ ID NO:62, SEQ ID NO:66, SEQ ID NO:70, SEQ ID NO:74, SEQ ID NO:78, SEQ ID NO:82, SEQ ID NO:86, SEQ ID NO:90, SEQ ID NO:94, SEQ ID NO:98, SEQ ID NO:102, SEQ ID NO:106, SEQ ID NO:110, SEQ ID NO:114, SEQ ID NO:118, SEQ ID NO:122, SEQ ID NO:126, SEQ ID NO:130, SEQ ID NO:134 SEQ ID NO:138, SEQ ID NO:142, SEQ ID NO:146, SEQ ID NO:171, SEQ ID NO:175, SEQ ID NO:179 SEQ ID NO:183, SEQ ID NO:187, SEQ IDAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 NO:191, SEQ ID NO:195, SEQ ID NO:199, SEQ ID NO:203, SEQ ID NO:207, SEQ ID NO:211, SEQ ID NO:215, SEQ ID NO:219, SEQ ID NO:223, and SEQ ID NO:227.

[0259] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided, a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell, where the Hap3 VINV allele comprises a sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO:3, SEQ ID NO:7, SEQ ID NO:11, SEQ ID NO:15, SEQ ID NO:19, SEQ ID NO:23, SEQ ID NO:27, SEQ ID NO:31, SEQ ID NO:35, SEQ ID NO:39, SEQ ID NO:43, SEQ ID NO:47, SEQ ID NO:51, SEQ ID NO:55, SEQ ID NO:59, SEQ ID NO:63, SEQ ID NO:67, SEQ ID NO:71, SEQ ID NO:75, SEQ ID NO:79, SEQ ID NO:83, SEQ ID NO:87, SEQ ID NO:91, SEQ ID NO:95, SEQ ID NO:99, SEQ ID NO:103, SEQ ID NO:107, SEQ ID NO:172, SEQ ID NO:176, SEQ ID NO:180 SEQ ID NO:184, SEQ ID NO:188, SEQ ID NO:192, SEQ ID NO:196, SEQ ID NO:216, SEQ ID NO:220, SEQ ID NO:224, and SEQ ID NO:228.

[0260] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided, a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell, wherein the Hap4 VINV allele comprises a sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: SEQ ID NO:4, SEQ ID NO:8, SEQ ID NO:12, SEQ ID NO:16, SEQ ID NO:20, SEQ ID NO:24, SEQ ID NO:28, SEQ ID NO:32, SEQ ID NO:36, SEQ ID NO:40, SEQ ID NO:44, SEQ ID NO:48, SEQ ID NO:52, SEQ ID NO:56, SEQ ID NO:60, SEQ ID NO:64 SEQ ID NO:68, SEQ ID NO:72, SEQ ID NO:76, SEQ ID NO:80, SEQ ID NO:84, SEQ ID NO:88, SEQ ID NO:92, SEQ ID NO:96, SEQ ID NO:100, SEQ ID NO:104, SEQ ID NO:108, SEQ ID NO:173, SEQ ID NO:177, SEQ ID NO:181, SEQ ID NO:185, SEQ ID NO:189, SEQ ID NO:193, SEQ ID NO:197, SEQ ID NO:217, SEQ ID NO:221, SEQ ID NO:225, and SEQ ID NO:229.

[0261] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided, a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell, where the Hap5 VINV allele comprises a sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: SEQ ID NO:111, SEQ ID NO:112, SEQ ID NO:115, SEQ ID NO:116, SEQ ID NO:119, SEQ ID NO:120, SEQ ID NO:123, SEQ ID NO:124, SEQ ID NO:128, SEQ ID NO:129, SEQ ID NO:131, SEQ ID NO:132, SEQ ID NO:135, SEQ ID NO:136, SEQ ID NO:139, SEQ ID NO:140, SEQ ID NO:143, SEQ ID NO:144, SEQ ID NO:147, and SEQ ID NO:148.

[0262] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided, a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprising an edit in four VINV alleles, wherein the edit was generated via aAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 guided endonuclease, such that the VINV alleles of said potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprise four sequences selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-148 and SEQ ID Nos: 170-229.

[0263] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided, a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprising a mutation, deletion, edit, phase shift, inversion, or duplication in at least one VINV allele, where the mutation, deletion, edit, phase shift, inversion, or duplication was generated via a guided endonuclease, and where the endonuclease binds to a protospacer sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, SEQ ID NO: 151, SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, SEQ ID NO: 157, and SEQ ID NO: 158, or a sequence having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, or at least 95% identity to SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, SEQ ID NO: 151, SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, SEQ ID NO: 157, or SEQ ID NO: 158.

[0264] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided, a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell is provided, where the potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprises a mutation, deletion, edit, phase shift, inversion, or duplication in two, three, or four VINV alleles, where the endonuclease is complexed with a guide RNA comprising the sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 159, SEQ ID NO: 160, SEQ ID NO: 161, SEQ ID NO: 162, SEQ ID NO: 163, SEQ ID NO: 164, SEQ ID NO: 165, SEQ ID NO: 166, SEQ ID NO: 167 and SEQ ID NO:168, or a sequence having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, or at least 95% identity selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 159, SEQ ID NO: 160, SEQ ID NO: 161, SEQ ID NO: 162, SEQ ID NO: 163, SEQ ID NO: 164, SEQ ID NO: 165, SEQ ID NO: 166, SEQ ID NO: 167 or SEQ ID NO:168, and wherein each edit comprises edit of one or more nucleotides corresponding to the editing window of SEQ ID NO: 169 when the modified VINV allele is aligned to SEQ ID NO: 169.

[0265] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided, a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell is provided, where the potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprises a mutation, deletion, edit, phase shift, inversion, or duplication in two, three, or four VINV alleles, where the endonuclease is complexed with a guide RNA comprising the sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 159, SEQ ID NO: 160, SEQ ID NO: 161, SEQ ID NO: 162, SEQ ID NO: 163, SEQ ID NO: 164, SEQ ID NO: 165, SEQ ID NO: 166, SEQ ID NO: 167 andAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 SEQ ID NO:168, or a sequence having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, or at least 95% identity selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 159, SEQ ID NO: 160, SEQ ID NO: 161, SEQ ID NO: 162, SEQ ID NO: 163, SEQ ID NO: 164, SEQ ID NO: 165, SEQ ID NO: 166, SEQ ID NO: 167 or SEQ ID NO:168, where each edit comprises edit of one or more nucleotides corresponding to the editing window of SEQ ID NO: 169 when the modified VINV allele is aligned to SEQ ID NO: 169, and where the guided endonuclease is a Cas protein.

[0266] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided, a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell as provided herein, where the potato plant, plant part, or plant cell is derived from a breeding line selected from a group consisting of Russet Burbank or Atlantic.

[0267] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell as provided herein, where a tuber sugar profile obtained from said plant comprises a lower level of glucose, fructose, or both compared to a tuber sugar profile obtained from a control plant.

[0268] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell as provided herein, where the tuber sugar profile obtained from said plant comprises a lower level of glucose compared to the tuber sugar profile obtained from a control plant.

[0269] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided, a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell as provided herein, where the tuber sugar profile obtained from said plant comprises a lower level of fructose compared to the tuber sugar profile obtained from a control plant.

[0270] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided, a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell as provided herein, where the specific gravity profile obtained from said plant comprises a higher specific gravity compared to the specific gravity profile obtained from a control plant.

[0271] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided, a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell as provided herein, where the post-chilling acrylamide levels are at least 85% lower than those of a control potato plant, plant part, or plant cell.

[0272] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided, a processed potato product of the potatoes as provided herein, where the processed potato product is selected from the group consisting of biomass, oil, meal, food starch, syrup, sugar, animal feed, flour, flakes, chips, fries,Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 wedges, hash browns, tater tots, baked potatoes, mashed potatoes, dehydrated potatoes, pellets, abraded peels, steamed peels, potato slurry, potato puree, filter cake, screen solids, pulp, potato protein isolate or concentrate, culled fries, culled crisps, crowns, batter, crumbles, nubbins, or an alcoholic beverage.

[0273] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided, a processed potato product as provided herein, where the processed potato product is non-regenerable.

[0274] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided, method of producing a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell, is provided the method comprising: introducing into a potato cell at least one guided endonucleases that together bind to a protospacer sequence of at least one VINV allele; and regenerating a modified potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell from the potato cell, wherein the modified potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell comprises an edit in at least one VINV allele, such that the at least one VINV allele of said modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprises at least one sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-148 and SEQ ID Nos: 170-229.

[0275] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided, a method of producing a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell, is provided the method comprising: introducing into a potato cell at least one guided endonucleases that together bind to a protospacer sequence of at least two VINV alleles; and regenerating a modified potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell from the potato cell, wherein the modified potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell comprises an edit in at least two VINV allele, such that the at least two VINV alleles of said modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprises at least one sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-148 and SEQ ID Nos: 170-229.

[0276] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided, a method of producing a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell, is provided, the method comprising: introducing into a potato cell at least one guided endonucleases that together bind to a protospacer sequence of at least three VINV alleles; and regenerating a modified potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell from the potato cell, wherein the modified potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell comprises an edit in at least three VINV allele, such that the at least three VINV alleles of said modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprises at least one sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-148 and SEQ ID Nos: 170-229.Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1

[0277] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided, a method of producing a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell, the method comprising: introducing into a potato cell at least one guided endonucleases that together bind to a protospacer sequence of four VINV alleles; and regenerating a modified potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell from the potato cell, wherein the modified potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell comprises an edit in four VINV allele, such that the four VINV allele of said modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprises at least one sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-148 and SEQ ID Nos: 170-229.

[0278] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided, a method of producing a modified potato plant, wherein the method comprises: introducing the at least one guided endonucleases into a plurality of potato cells; regenerating a plurality of potato plants or plant parts from the plurality of potato cells; and selecting from the plurality of regenerated potato plants or plant parts a potato plant or plant part having an edit in at least one VINV allele.

[0279] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided, a method of producing a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell, where the method comprising: introducing into a potato cell a guided endonuclease that binds to a protospacer sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, SEQ ID NO: 151, SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, SEQ ID NO: 157, and SEQ ID NO: 158, or a sequence having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, or at least 95% identity selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, SEQ ID NO: 151, SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, SEQ ID NO: 157 or SEQ ID NO: 158; and regenerating a modified potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell from the potato cell, wherein the modified potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell comprises a deletion, edit, phase shift, inversion, or duplication in at least one VINV allele.

[0280] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided, a method of producing a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell, where the method comprising: introducing into a potato cell a guided endonuclease that binds to a protospacer sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, SEQ ID NO: 151, SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, SEQ ID NO: 157, and SEQ ID NO: 158, or a sequence having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, or at least 95% identity selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, SEQ IDAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 NO: 151, SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, SEQ ID NO: 157 or SEQ ID NO: 158; and regenerating a modified potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell from the potato cell, wherein the modified potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell comprises a deletion, edit, phase shift, inversion, or duplication in at least two VINV alleles.

[0281] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided, a method of producing a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell, where the method comprising: introducing into a potato cell a guided endonuclease that binds to a protospacer sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, SEQ ID NO: 151, SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, SEQ ID NO: 157, and SEQ ID NO: 158, or a sequence having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, or at least 95% identity selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, SEQ ID NO: 151, SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, SEQ ID NO: 157 or SEQ ID NO: 158; and regenerating a modified potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell from the potato cell, wherein the modified potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell comprises a deletion, edit, phase shift, inversion, or duplication in at least three VINV alleles.

[0282] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided, a method of producing a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell, where the method comprising: introducing into a potato cell a guided endonuclease that binds to a protospacer sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, SEQ ID NO: 151, SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, SEQ ID NO: 157, and SEQ ID NO: 158, or a sequence having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, or at least 95% identity selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, SEQ ID NO: 151, SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, SEQ ID NO: 157 or SEQ ID NO: 158; and regenerating a modified potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell from the potato cell, wherein the modified potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell comprises a deletion, edit, phase shift, inversion, or duplication in four VINV alleles.

[0283] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided a method as discussed herein, where the endonuclease is complexed with a guide RNA selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 159, SEQ ID NO: 160, SEQ ID NO: 161, SEQ ID NO: 162, SEQ ID NO: 163, SEQ ID NO: 164, SEQ ID NO: 165, SEQ ID NO: 166, SEQ ID NO: 167 and SEQ ID NO:168, or a sequence having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, or at least 95% identity toAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 SEQ ID NO: 159, SEQ ID NO: 160, SEQ ID NO: 161, SEQ ID NO: 162, SEQ ID NO: 163, SEQ ID NO: 164, SEQ ID NO: 165, SEQ ID NO: 166, SEQ ID NO: 167 or SEQ ID NO:168.

[0284] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided, a method of producing a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell, where the method comprises: introducing into a potato cell at least one guided endonuclease that binds to a protospacer sequence of at least one VINV allele; and regenerating a modified potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell from the potato cell, wherein the modified potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell comprises a mutation, such as, but not limited to, a deletion, edit, phase shift, inversion, or duplication in at least one VINV allele, such that each edit comprises mutation, such as, but not limited to, a deletion, edit, phase shift, inversion, or duplication of one or more nucleotides corresponding to the editing window of SEQ ID NO: 169 when the modified VINV allele is aligned to SEQ ID NO: 169.

[0285] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided, a method of producing a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell, where the method comprises: introducing into a potato cell at least one guided endonuclease that binds to a protospacer sequence of at least two VINV alleles; and regenerating a modified potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell from the potato cell, wherein the modified potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell comprises a mutation, such as, but not limited to, a deletion, edit, phase shift, inversion, or duplication in at least two VINV alleles, such that each edit comprises mutation, such as, but not limited to, a deletion, edit, phase shift, inversion, or duplication of one or more nucleotides corresponding to the editing window of SEQ ID NO: 169 when the modified VINV allele is aligned to SEQ ID NO: 169.

[0286] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided, a method of producing a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell, where the method comprises: introducing into a potato cell at least one guided endonuclease that binds to a protospacer sequence of at least three VINV alleles; and regenerating a modified potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell from the potato cell, wherein the modified potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell comprises a mutation, such as, but not limited to, a deletion, edit, phase shift, inversion, or duplication in at least three VINV alleles, such that each edit comprises mutation, such as, but not limited to, a deletion, edit, phase shift, inversion, or duplication of one or more nucleotides corresponding to the editing window of SEQ ID NO: 169 when the modified VINV allele is aligned to SEQ ID NO: 169.

[0287] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided, a method of producing a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell, where the method comprises: introducing into aAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 potato cell at least one guided endonuclease that together bind to a protospacer sequence of four VINV alleles; and regenerating a modified potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell from the potato cell, wherein the modified potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell comprises a mutation, such as, but not limited to, a deletion, edit, phase shift, inversion, or duplication in four VINV alleles, such that each edit comprises mutation, such as, but not limited to, a deletion, edit, phase shift, inversion, or duplication of one or more nucleotides corresponding to the editing window of SEQ ID NO: 169 when the modified VINV allele is aligned to SEQ ID NO: 169.

[0288] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided, a method of producing a modified potato, plant, part or plant cell of a potato as provided herein, wherein the endonuclease binds to a protospacer sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, SEQ ID NO: 151, SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, SEQ ID NO: 157, and SEQ ID NO: 158, or a sequence having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, or at least 95% identity to SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, SEQ ID NO: 151, SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, SEQ ID NO: 157, or SEQ ID NO: 158.

[0289] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided, a method of producing a modified potato, plant, part or plant cell of a potato as provided herein, wherein the endonuclease is complexed with a guide RNA comprising the sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 159, SEQ ID NO: 160, SEQ ID NO: 161, SEQ ID NO: 162, SEQ ID NO: 163, SEQ ID NO: 164, SEQ ID NO: 165, SEQ ID NO: 166, SEQ ID NO: 167 and SEQ ID NO:168, or a sequence having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, or at least 95% identity to SEQ ID NO: 159, SEQ ID NO: 160, SEQ ID NO: 161, SEQ ID NO: 162, SEQ ID NO: 163, SEQ ID NO: 164, SEQ ID NO: 165, SEQ ID NO: 166, SEQ ID NO: 167 or SEQ ID NO:168.

[0290] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided, a potato genome characterized by comprising a mutation in at least one VINV allele, the at least one VINV allele comprising at least one sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-148 and SEQ ID Nos: 170-229.

[0291] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided, a potato genome characterized by comprising a mutation in at least two VINV alleles, the at least two VINV alleles comprising at least two sequences selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-148 and SEQ ID Nos: 170-229.Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1

[0292] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided, a potato genome characterized by comprising a mutation in at least three VINV alleles, the at least three VINV alleles comprising at least three sequences selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-148 and SEQ ID Nos: 170-229.

[0293] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided, a potato genome characterized by comprising a mutation in four VINV alleles, the four VINV alleles comprising four sequences selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-148 and SEQ ID Nos: 170-229.

[0294] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided, a potato genome characterized by comprising a mutation in at least one VINV allele, each mutation comprising mutation of one or more nucleotides corresponding to the editing window of SEQ ID NO: 169 when the modified VINV allele is aligned to SEQ ID NO: 169.

[0295] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided, a potato genome characterized by comprising a mutation in at least two VINV alleles, each mutation comprising mutation of one or more nucleotides corresponding to the editing window of SEQ ID NO: 169 when the modified VINV allele is aligned to SEQ ID NO: 169.

[0296] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided, a potato genome characterized by comprising a mutation in at least three VINV alleles, each mutation comprising mutation of one or more nucleotides corresponding to the editing window of SEQ ID NO: 169 when the modified VINV allele is aligned to SEQ ID NO: 169.

[0297] In some aspects of the present disclosure is provided, a potato genome, characterized by comprising a mutation in four VINV alleles, each mutation comprising mutation of one or more nucleotides corresponding to the editing window of SEQ ID NO: 169 when the modified VINV allele is aligned to SEQ ID NO: 169.

[0298] In additional aspects, provided herein is a recombinant DNA construct comprising a first expression cassette comprising a first DNA sequence encoding any of the preceding guide RNAs. In some embodiments, the first DNA sequence is operably linked to a first plant- expressible promoter. In some embodiments, the recombinant DNA construct further comprises an expression cassette comprising a second DNA sequence encoding a guided endonuclease, wherein the second DNA sequence is operably linked to a second plant-expressible promoter. In certain embodiments, the guided endonuclease is a Cas protein.Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1

[0299] In additional aspects, provided herein is a vector comprising any of the preceding recombinant DNA constructs.

[0300] In additional aspects, provided herein is a host cell comprising the preceding vector construct. In some embodiments, the host cell is a bacterial cell. In certain embodiments, the bacterial cell is an Agrobacterium cell. In some embodiments, the host cell is a plant cell.

[0301] In additional aspects, provided herein is a composition comprising any of the preceding guide RNAs complexed with a guided endonuclease. In some embodiments, the guided endonuclease is a Cas protein.

[0302] In additional aspects, provided herein is a kit for producing modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell, the kit comprising any of the preceding guide RNAs, recombinant DNA constructs, vectors, host cells, compositions, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the kit further comprises instructions for using the guide RNA, the recombinant DNA construct, the vector, the host cell, the composition, or a combination thereof to introduce into a potato cell one or more guided endonucleases that together bind to a protospacer sequence of each of one or more VINV alleles, two or more VINV alleles, three or more VINV alleles or four VINV alleles

[0303] In some aspects, provided herein is a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprising a mutation, such as, but not limited to, a deletion, edit, phase shift, inversion, or duplication in one, two, three or four VINV alleles, where the mutation, was generated via a guided endonuclease, and wherein the endonuclease binds to a protospacer sequence comprising selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, SEQ ID NO: 151, SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, SEQ ID NO: 157, and SEQ ID NO: 158, or a sequence having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, or at least 95% identity to SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, SEQ ID NO: 151, SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, SEQ ID NO: 157, or SEQ ID NO: 158.

[0304] In some embodiments, the potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprises a mutation in one, two, three, or four VINV alleles. In some embodiments, the endonuclease is complexed with a guide RNA selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 159, SEQ ID NO: 160, SEQ ID NO: 161, SEQ ID NO: 162, SEQ ID NO: 163, SEQ ID NO: 164, SEQ ID NO: 165, SEQ ID NO: 166, SEQ ID NO: 167 and SEQ ID NO:168, or a sequence having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, or at least 95% identity to SEQ ID NO: 159.Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1

[0305] In some aspects, provided herein is a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprising a mutation in one, two, three or four VINV alleles, wherein each mutation was generated via a guided endonuclease, and wherein each mutation comprises mutation of one or more nucleotides corresponding to the editing window of SEQ ID NO: 169 when the modified VINV allele is aligned to SEQ ID NO: 169.

[0306] In some embodiments of the foregoing aspects, a tuber sugar profile obtained from said plant comprises a lower level of glucose, fructose, or both compared to a tuber sugar profile obtained from a control plant. In certain embodiments, the tuber sugar profile obtained from said plant comprises a lower level of glucose compared to the tuber sugar profile obtained from a control plant. In certain embodiments, the tuber sugar profile obtained from said plant comprises a lower level of fructose compared to the tuber sugar profile obtained from a control plant. In some embodiments of the foregoing aspects, a tuber sugar profile obtained from said plant comprises a higher level of sucrose compared to a tuber sugar profile obtained from a control plant, wherein the percent increase of sucrose in the modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell does not exceed 200% compared to a tuber sugar profile obtained from a control plant. In certain embodiments, the percent increase of sucrose in the modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell does not exceed 100%, 50%, or 25% compared to a tuber sugar profile obtained from a control plant. In certain embodiments, the tuber sugar profile was obtained using a colorimetric assay. In other embodiments, the tuber sugar profile was obtained using high pressure liquid chromatography. In certain embodiments, the tuber sugar profile is obtained at harvest. In other embodiments, the tuber sugar profile is obtained after cold storage.

[0307] In some embodiments of the foregoing aspects, post-chilling acrylamide levels are lower than those of a control potato plant, plant part, or plant cell. In certain embodiments, the post-chilling acrylamide levels are at least 50%, at least 75%, at least 85%, at least 95%, or at least 99% lower than those of a control potato plant, plant part, or plant cell. In certain embodiments, the post-chilling acrylamide levels are obtained from a potato food product.

[0308] In some embodiments of the foregoing aspects, specific gravity of the potatoes are higher than those of a control potato plant, plant part, or plant cell. In certain embodiments, the specific gravity levels are obtained from a potato food product.

[0309] In some embodiments of the foregoing aspects, a potato food product produced from said plant has a chip lightness score greater than a potato food product produced from a controlAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 plant. In some embodiments, the chip lightness score is determined by a colorimetric reading. In certain embodiments, the chip lightness score is between 25% and 100% greater than that of a manufactured potato product produced from a control plant.

[0310] In some variations of the foregoing aspects and embodiments, the control potato plant, plant part, or plant cell lacks one or more, or all, of the deletions, edits, inversions, or duplications in the VINV alleles. In some variations of the foregoing aspects and embodiments, the control plant is unedited. In some variations of the foregoing aspects and embodiments, the control plant is wildtype. In some variations of the foregoing aspects and embodiments, the control plant is a null segregant. In some variations of the foregoing aspects and embodiments, the control potato plant, plant part, or plant cell is of the same breeding line as the modified potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell.

[0311] In additional aspects, provided herein is a processed potato product derived from any of the preceding modified potato plants, plant parts, or plant cells, wherein the processed potato product comprises a detectable amount of one, two, three or four VINV alleles of the modified plant, plant part, or plant cell. In some embodiments, the processed potato product is selected from the group consisting of biomass, oil, meal, food starch, syrup, sugar, animal feed, flour, flakes, chips, fries, wedges, hash browns, tater tots, baked potatoes, mashed potatoes, dehydrated potatoes, pellets, abraded peels, steamed peels, potato slurry, potato puree, filter cake, screen solids, pulp, potato protein isolate or concentrate, culled fries, culled crisps, crowns, batter, crumbles, nubbins, or an alcoholic beverage. In certain embodiments, the processed potato product is chips. In some embodiments, the processed potato product is non-regenerable.

[0312] In some embodiments of the foregoing methods, VINV activity in the potato plant, plant part, or plant cell is decreased by at least 50% compared to a control potato plant, plant part, or plant cell. In certain embodiments, VINV activity in the potato plant, plant part, or plant cell is decreased by at least 85%, by at least 95%, or at least 99% compared to a control potato plant, plant part, or plant cell.

[0313] Preferably, in one embodiment, a method as described herein comprises that said at least one plant cell, tissue, organ, plant, or seed is not obtained by an essentially biological process. Instead, said at least one plant cell, tissue, organ, plant, or seed is obtained by at least one step of artificial human intervention as such not occurring in nature and influencing the plant cell by modifying and / or introducing a step of technical nature influencing sexually crossing andAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 selecting. Such a step may include a step of genome editing, e.g., to exchange a base or nucleotide of interest, a chemical treatment, e.g. for chromosome doubling an agent or gene or gene product including chromosome elimination, the introduction of an exogenous gene or genetic material into a plant genome (nuclear, mitochondrial or plastid genome) and the like, or any combination thereof. DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

[0314] The present application can be understood by reference to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying figures.

[0315] The accompanying figures, which are incorporated herein and form a part of the specification, illustrate some, but not the only or exclusive, example embodiments and / or features. It is intended that the embodiments and figures disclosed herein are to be considered illustrative rather than limiting.

[0316] FIG.1 shows the haplotypes of the present disclosure for Atlantic showing Hap1, Hap2, Hap3 and Hap4 as well as the haplotypes for Russet Burban, showing Hap1, Hap2 and two copies of Hap5.

[0317] FIG.2 shows the target site within the editing window on chromosome three of the potato genome.

[0318] FIG.3 shows a diagram visualizing the allele sequences for six fully edited potatoes highlighting the location of VINV on chromosome three with exons and introns.

[0319] FIG.4 shows a diagram showing the amino acid sequence for the edited alleles across six samples and a wild type allele.

[0320] FIG.5 depicts the editing efficiency of the guided endonuclease, based on the protospacer to which to endonuclease was targeted.

[0321] FIG.6 depicts the tuber sugar profile of Russet Burbank potatoes before and after VINV editing.

[0322] FIG.7 depicts the tuber sugar profile of Atlantic potatoes before and after VINV editing.

[0323] FIG.8 depicts the color change when unedited Russet Burbank potato chips are fried.

[0324] FIG.9 depicts edited Russet Burbank fries with a lighter color after frying compared to an unedited control.Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1

[0325] FIG.10 depicts edited Russet Burbank tubers with a similar color before frying compared to an unedited control.

[0326] FIG.11 depicts edited Atlantic chips with a lighter color after frying compared to an unedited control.

[0327] FIG.12 depicts edited Atlantic tubers with a similar color before frying compared to an unedited control.

[0328] FIG.13 depicts chip lightness scores for various combinations of VINV haplotype edits.

[0329] FIG.14 depicts the field total yield of eight specimens with edited VINV alleles when compared to unedited specimens and wildtypes.

[0330] FIG.15 depicts the chip lightness score of five specimens with edited VINV alleles when compared to unedited specimens and wildtypes.

[0331] FIG.16 depicts the reducing sugars and non-reducing sugars in wild type potatoes.

[0332] FIG.17 depicts the reducing sugars and non-reducing sugars in triplex VINV edited potatoes.

[0333] FIG.18 depicts the reducing sugars and non-reducing sugars in a full knockout VINV (four alleles) edited potatoes.

[0334] FIG.19 depicts the comparison of total sugars in wildtype (WT), triplex and a full knockout VINV edited potatoes.

[0335] FIG.20 depicts the total tuber yield of ten specimens grown in a greenhouse with edited VINV alleles when compared to unedited specimens and wildtypes.

[0336] FIG.21 depicts specific gravity scores for various combinations of VINV haplotypes.

[0337] FIG.22 depicts edited Atlantic E-PED165-7398 tubers at harvest compared to wild- type and unedited potatoes.

[0338] FIG.23 depicts edited Atlantic E-PED165-7398 tubers compared to wild-type and unedited potatoes at FRY1, one month in cold storage and then at FRY2, 3 months in cold storage.

[0339] FIG.24 depicts edited Atlantic E-PED165-7398 tubers compared to wild-type and unedited potatoes at FRY1, one month in cold storage at locations BG and MR.

[0340] FIG.25 depicts edited Atlantic E-PED165-7398 tubers compared to wild-type and unedited potatoes at FRY2, two to three months in cold storage at locations BG and MR.Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0341] The following description is presented to enable a person of ordinary skill in the art to make and use the various embodiments. Descriptions of specific devices, techniques, and applications are provided only as examples. Various modifications to the examples described herein will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other examples and applications without departing from the spirit and scope of the various embodiments. Thus, the various embodiments are not intended to be limited to the examples described herein and shown, but are to be accorded the scope consistent with the claims.

[0342] As will be discussed in further detail herein, the specification discloses potato varieties with unique edited haplotypes, wherein the haplotypes are referred to as Hap1, Hap2, Hap3, Hap4 and Hap5. The edited haplotypes allow for the expression of improved cold storage in potatoes through potatoes with one or more of the unique edited haplotypes to allow for lower levels of glucose, fructose and / or acrylamide compared to a tuber sugar profile obtained from a control plant which leads to improved cold-storage characteristics. This improved cold storage allows for improved chip lightness scores in the potatoes with these unique edited haplotypes.

[0343] As will be discussed in more detail herein, five total haplotypes have been identified in Atlantic and Russet Burbank type potatoes, shown in FIG.1. Atlantic has Hap1, Hap 2, Hap3 and Hap4, which are edited to produce improved ratios of sucrose and fructose content and decreased acrylamide in processed potato products. As also shown in FIG.1, Russet Burbank type potatoes Hap1, Hap 2 and two copies of Hap5, which can be edited for improved ratios of sucrose and fructose and decreased acrylamide in processed potato products.

[0344] In an aspect of the present disclosure, described herein is a potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprising a mutation, such as, but not limited to, a deletion, edit, phase shift, inversion, or duplication, one or more VINV alleles, two or more VINV alleles, three or more VINV alleles or four VINV alleles, where the VINV alleles are identified as Hap1, Hap2, Hap3, Hap4 and Hap5, wherein the mutation was generated via a guided endonuclease, such that the VINV alleles of said potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprises one or more sequences selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-148 and SEQ ID Nos: 170-229.

[0345] In another aspect, provided herein is a potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprising a mutation, such as, but not limited to, a deletion, edit, phase shift, inversion, orAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 duplication in one or more VINV alleles, two or more VINV alleles, three or more VINV alleles or four VINV alleles, wherein the mutation was generated via a guided endonuclease, and wherein the endonuclease binds to a protospacer sequence comprising SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, SEQ ID NO: 151 SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, SEQ ID NO: 157 and SEQ ID NO: 158, or a sequence having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, or at least 95% identity to SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, SEQ ID NO: 151 SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, SEQ ID NO: 157 or SEQ ID NO: 158.

[0346] In yet another aspect, described herein is a potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprising a mutation, such as, but not limited to, a deletion, edit, phase shift, inversion, or duplication in one or more VINV alleles, two or more VINV alleles, three or more VINV alleles or four VINV alleles, where each mutation was generated via a guided endonuclease, and wherein each mutation comprises mutation of one or more nucleotides corresponding to the editing window of SEQ ID NO: 169 when the modified VINV allele is aligned to SEQ ID NO: 169. These potato plants, plant parts, or plant cells address a long-felt need for quickly and effectively reducing the effects of cold-induced sweeting, including accumulation of reducing sugars and acrylamide as well as dark spot formation.

[0347] In another aspect, described herein are methods for producing a potato plant, plant part, or plant cell, where the method comprises introducing into a potato cell one or more guided endonucleases that together bind to a protospacer sequence of each of one or more VINV alleles, two or more VINV alleles, three or more VINV alleles or four VINV alleles one or more VINV alleles, two or more VINV alleles, three or more VINV alleles or four VINV alleles and regenerating a potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell from the potato cell, wherein the potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell comprises a mutation, such as, but not limited to, a deletion, edit, phase shift, inversion, or duplication in one or more VINV alleles, two or more VINV alleles, three or more VINV alleles or four VINV alleles, such that the VINV alleles of said potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprises one or more VINV alleles, two or more VINV alleles, three or more VINV alleles or four VINV alleles four sequences selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-148 and SEQ ID Nos: 170-229.

[0348] In yet another aspect, described herein is a method of producing a potato plant, plant part, or plant cell, where the method comprises introducing into a potato cell a guidedAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 endonuclease that binds to a protospacer sequence comprising SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, SEQ ID NO: 151 SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, SEQ ID NO: 157 and SEQ ID NO: 158, or a sequence having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, or at least 95% identity to SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, SEQ ID NO: 151 SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, SEQ ID NO: 157 or SEQ ID NO: 158; and regenerating a potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell from the potato cell, wherein the potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell comprises a deletion, edit, phase shift, inversion, or duplication in one or more VINV alleles, two or more VINV alleles, three or more VINV alleles or four VINV alleles.

[0349] In another aspect, described herein is a method of producing a potato plant, plant part, or plant cell, where the method comprises introducing into a potato cell one or more guided endonucleases that together bind to a protospacer sequence of each of one or more VINV alleles, two or more VINV alleles, three or more VINV alleles or four VINV alleles; and regenerating a potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell from the potato cell, wherein the potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell comprises a mutation in one or more VINV alleles, two or more VINV alleles, three or more VINV alleles or four VINV alleles, such that each mutation comprises a mutation of one or more nucleotides corresponding to the editing window of SEQ ID NO: 169 when the modified VINV allele is aligned to SEQ ID NO: 169.

[0350] In yet another aspect, provided herein are potato genomes characterized by comprising a mutation in one or more VINV alleles, two or more VINV alleles, three or more VINV alleles or four VINV alleles in four VINV alleles, the one or more VINV alleles, two or more VINV alleles, three or more VINV alleles or four VINV alleles selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-148 and SEQ ID Nos: 170-229.

[0351] In another aspect, described herein are potato genomes characterized comprising a mutation in one or more VINV alleles, two or more VINV alleles, three or more VINV alleles or four VINV alleles corresponding to SEQ ID NO: 169 when the modified VINV allele is aligned to SEQ ID NO: 169.

[0352] In another aspect, described herein are guide RNAs, recombinant DNA constructs, host cells, and kits associated with the generation of potato plants, plant parts, or plant cells and use in the methods of make thereof. DEFINITIONSAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1

[0353] The term “a” or “an” refers to one or more of that entity, i.e., can refer to a plural referent. As such, the terms “a” or “an”, “one or more” and “at least one” are used interchangeably herein. In addition, reference to “an element” by the indefinite article “a” or “an” does not exclude the possibility that more than one of the elements is present, unless the context clearly requires that there is one and only one of the elements.

[0354] As used in this specification, the term “and / or” is used in this disclosure to mean either “and” or “or” unless indicated otherwise.

[0355] As used in this application, the terms “about” and “approximately” are used as equivalents. Any numerals used in this application with or without about / approximately are meant to cover any normal fluctuations appreciated by one of ordinary skill in the relevant art. In certain embodiments, the term “approximately” or “about” refers to a range of values that fall within 25%, 20%, 19%, 18%, 17%, 16%, 15%, 14%, 13%, 12%, 11%, 10%, 9%, 8%, 7%, 6%, 5%, 4%, 3%, 2%, 1%, or less in either direction (greater than or less than) of the stated reference value unless otherwise stated or otherwise evident from the context (except where such number would exceed 100% of a possible value).

[0356] As used herein, the term “allele(s)” refers to any of one or more alternative forms of a gene at a particular locus. In a diploid (or amphidiploid) cell of an organism, alleles of a given gene are located at a specific location or locus on a chromosome, with one allele being present on each chromosome of the pair of homologous chromosomes. Similarly, in a tetraploid cell of an organism, one allele is present on each chromosome of the group of four homologous chromosomes. “Heterozygous” alleles are different alleles residing at a specific locus, positioned individually on corresponding homologous chromosomes. “Homozygous” alleles are identical alleles residing at a specific locus, positioned individually on corresponding homologous chromosomes in the cell.

[0357] As used herein, the term “at least a portion” or “fragment” of a nucleic acid or polypeptide means a portion having the minimal size characteristics of such sequences, or any larger fragment of the full-length molecule, up to and including the full-length molecule. A fragment of a polynucleotide of the disclosure may encode a biologically active portion of a genetic regulatory element. A biologically active portion of a genetic regulatory element can be prepared by isolating a portion of one of the polynucleotides of the disclosure that comprises the genetic regulatory element and assessing activity as described herein. Similarly, a portion of aAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 polypeptide may be 4 amino acids, 5 amino acids, 6 amino acids, 7 amino acids, and so on, going up to the full-length polypeptide. The length of the portion to be used will depend on the particular application. A portion of a nucleic acid useful as a hybridization probe may be as short as 12 nucleotides; in some embodiments, it is 20 nucleotides. A portion of a polypeptide useful as an epitope may be as short as 4 amino acids. A portion of a polypeptide that performs the function of the full-length polypeptide would generally be longer than 4 amino acids. In some embodiments, a fragment of a polypeptide or polynucleotide comprises at least 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99% of the entire length of the reference polypeptide or polynucleotide. In some embodiments, a polypeptide or polynucleotide fragment may contain 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000, 2000 or more nucleotides or amino acids. As used herein, “base editor” as used herein refers to a protein or a fragment thereof having the same catalytic activity as the protein it is derived from, which protein or fragment thereof, alone or when provided as molecular complex, referred to as base editing complex herein, has the capacity to mediate a targeted base modification, i.e., the conversion of a base of interest resulting in a point mutation of interest, which in turn can result in a targeted mutation, if the base conversion does not cause a silent mutation, but rather a conversion of an amino acid encoded by the codon comprising the position to be converted with the base editor. At least one base editor according to the present disclosure temporarily or permanently linked to at least one CRISPR-associated effector, or optionally to a component of at least one CRISPR-associated effector complex. As used herein, the term “Cas9 nuclease” and “Cas9” can be used interchangeably herein, which refer to an RNA-guided DNA endonuclease enzyme associated with the CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats), including the Cas9 protein or fragments thereof (such as a protein comprising an active DNA cleavage domain of Cas9 and / or a gRNA binding domain of Cas9). Cas9 is a component of the CRISPR / Cas genome editing system, which targets and cleaves a DNA target sequence to form a DNA double strand breaks (DSB) under the guidance of a guide RNA. The term “Cas12 nuclease” and “Cas12” can be used interchangeably herein, which refer to an RNA-guided DNA endonuclease enzyme associated with the CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats), including the Cas12 protein or fragments thereof (suchAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 as a protein comprising an active DNA cleavage domain of Cas12 and / or a gRNA binding domain of Cas12). Cas12 is a component of the CRISPR / Cas genome editing system, which targets and cleaves a DNA target sequence to form a DNA double strand breaks (DSB) under the guidance of a guide RNA. As used herein, a “centimorgan” (cM) is a unit of measure of recombination frequency and genetic distance between two loci. One cM is equal to a 1% chance that a marker at one genetic locus will be separated from a marker at a second locus due to crossing over in a single generation. As used herein, the terms “clone” or “cloning” when used in the context of plants refers to the production of ‘suckers’ which are genetically identical to the original plant. These suckers can be cut off from the original plant, planted in the ground, and they will grow into a fruit producing plant too. “Cloning vectors” typically contain one or a small number of restriction endonuclease recognition sites at which foreign DNA sequences can be inserted in a determinable fashion without loss of essential biological function of the vector, as well as a marker gene that is suitable for use in the identification and selection of cells transformed with the cloning vector. Marker genes typically include genes that provide tetracycline resistance, hygromycin resistance or ampicillin resistance. As used herein, “closely linked” means that the marker or locus is within about 20 cM, 15 cM, 10 cM, 5 cM, 4 cM, 3 cM, 2 cM, 1 cM, 0.5 cM, or less than 0.5 cM of another marker or locus. For example, 20 cM means that recombination occurs between the marker and the locus with a frequency of equal to or less than about 20%. As used herein, the term “codon optimization" implies that the codon usage of a DNA or RNA is adapted to that of a cell or organism of interest to improve the transcription rate of said recombinant nucleic acid in the cell or organism of interest. The skilled person is well aware of the fact that a target nucleic acid can be modified at one position due to the codon degeneracy, whereas this modification will still lead to the same amino acid sequence at that position after translation, which is achieved by codon optimization to take into consideration the species- specific codon usage of a target cell or organism As used herein “cold storage” refers to the storage of a potato at a temperature of 12° C. or less. Alternatively, “cold storage” refers to a range of a temperature of from 2° C. to 12° C.Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 Examples of “cold storage” temperatures for potato are temperatures from 2° C. to 4° C. or 8° C. to 10° C. Cold storage can occur for a period of at a period for at least 2 hours. More specifically, cold storage can occur for a period of at least three hours, at least four hours, at least five hours, at least six hours, at least eight hours, at least ten hours, at least 12 hours, at least 18 hours, at least 24 hours, at least 30 hours, at least 36 hour or longer. As used herein, “complementary” refers to the capacity for pairing, through base stacking and specific hydrogen bonding, between two sequences comprising naturally or non-naturally occurring bases or analogs thereof. For example, if a base at one position of a nucleic acid is capable of hydrogen bonding with a base at the corresponding position of a target, then the bases are considered to be complementary to each other at that position. Nucleic acids can comprise universal bases, or inert abasic spacers that provide no positive or negative contribution to hydrogen bonding. Base pairings may include both canonical Watson-Crick base pairing and non-Watson-Crick base pairing (e.g., Wobble base pairing and Hoogsteen base pairing). It is understood that for complementary base pairings, adenosine-type bases (A) are complementary to thymidine-type bases (T) or uracil-type bases (U), that cytosine-type bases (C) are complementary to guanosine-type bases (G), and that universal bases such as such as 3- nitropyrrole or 5-nitroindole can hybridize to and are considered complementary to any A, C, U, or T. Nichols et al., Nature, 1994;369:492-493 and Loakes et al., Nucleic Acids Res., 1994;22:4039-4043. Inosine (I) has also been considered in the art to be a universal base and is considered complementary to any A, C, U, or T. See Watkins and Santa Lucia, Nucl. Acids Research, 2005; 33 (19): 6258-6267. As referred to herein, a “complementary nucleic acid sequence” is a nucleic acid sequence comprising a sequence of nucleotides that enables it to non-covalently bind to another nucleic acid in a sequence-specific, antiparallel, manner (i.e., a nucleic acid specifically binds to a complementary nucleic acid) under the appropriate in vitro and / or in vivo conditions of temperature and solution ionic strength / Methods of sequence alignment for comparison and determination of percent sequence identity and percent complementarity are well known in the art. Optimal alignment of sequences for comparison can be conducted, e.g., by the homology alignment algorithm of Needleman and Wunsch, (1970) J. Mol. Biol.48:443, by the search for similarity method of Pearson and Lipman, (1988) Proc. Nat’l. Acad. Sci. USA 85:2444, by computerized implementations of theseAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 algorithms (GAP, BESTFIT, FASTA, and TFASTA in the Wisconsin Genetics Software Package, Genetics Computer Group, 575 Science Dr., Madison, WI), by manual alignment and visual inspection (see, e.g., Brent et al., (2003) Current Protocols in Molecular Biology), by use of algorithms know in the art including the BLAST and BLAST 2.0 algorithms, which are described in Altschul et al., (1977) Nuc. Acids Res.25:3389-3402; and Altschul et al., (1990) J. Mol. Biol.215:403-410, respectively. Software for performing BLAST analyses is publicly available through the National Center for Biotechnology Information. Some alignment programs are MacVector (Oxford Molecular Ltd, Oxford, U.K.), ALIGN Plus (Scientific and Educational Software, Pennsylvania) and AlignX (Vector NTI, Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA). Another alignment program is Sequencher (Gene Codes, Ann Arbor, Michigan), using default parameters, and MUSCLE (Multiple Sequence Comparison by Log-Expection; a computer software licensed as public domain). As described herein, a “control potato plant” is a plant that does not have at least one genetic modification of a VINV allele. This can be a plant that has undergone the process intended to create a genetic modification, but for whatever reason the genetic modification did not occur, i.e. an “unedited control”. In some circumstances, a control potato plant could be a “wild type” potato plant, e.g. a control potato plant that has not been subjected to an experimental treatment to which other potato plants are subjected. An example of a control potato plant can be one that potato breeders use as “checks” in growing trials against which the performance of an experimental group of potatoes can be compared. As used herein, the “control plant” generally refers to a potato plant, plant part, or plant cell that has not been genetically edited. A control plant may be a “null segregant” which is a near isogenic plant that has undergone the same gene editing and regeneration process, but lacks the gene edit(s). A control plant may be “unedited”, referring to a plant which has undergone protoplasting and has subsequently been regenerated from the resulting protoplast. A control plant may also be “wildtype”, referring to a plant that has not undergone the process of protoplasting and regeneration. By “corresponds to” or “corresponding to” is meant a polynucleotide (a) having a nucleotide sequence that is substantially identical or complementary to all or a portion of a reference polynucleotide sequence or (b) encoding an amino acid sequence identical to an amino acid sequence in a peptide or protein. This phrase also includes within its scope a peptide orAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 polypeptide having an amino acid sequence that is substantially identical to a sequence of amino acids in a reference peptide or protein. The term “CRISPR RNA” or “crRNA” refers to the RNA strand responsible for hybridizing with target DNA sequences and recruiting CRISPR endonucleases and / or CRISPR- associated effectors. crRNAs may be naturally occurring or may be synthesized according to any known method of producing RNA. A “CRISPR-associated effector” as used herein can thus be defined as any nuclease, nickase, or recombinase associated with the CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats), having the capacity to introduce a single- or double-strand cleavage into a genomic target site, or having the capacity to introduce a targeted modification, including a point mutation, an insertion, or a deletion, into a genomic target site of interest. At least one CRISPR- associated effector can act on its own, or in combination with other molecules as part of a molecular complex. The CRISPR-associated effector can be present as fusion molecule, or as individual molecules associating by or being associated by at least one of a covalent or non- covalent interaction with gRNA and / or target site so that the components of the CRISPR- associated complex are brought into close physical proximity. The term “CRISPR landing site” as used herein, refers to a DNA sequence capable of being targeted by a CRISPR-Cas complex. In some embodiments, a CRISPR landing site comprises a proximately placed protospacer / Protospacer Adjacent Motif combination sequence that is capable of being cleaved by a CRISPR complex. The term “CRISPR complex”, “CRISPR endonuclease complex”, “CRISPR Cas complex”, or “CRISPR-gRNA complex” are used interchangeably herein. “CRISPR complex” refers to a Cas9 nuclease and / or a CRISPR-associated effectors complexed with a guide RNA (gRNA). The term “CRISPR complex” thus refers to a combination of CRISPR endonuclease and guide RNA capable of inducing a double stranded break at a CRISPR landing site. In some embodiments, “CRISPR complex” of the present disclosure refers to a combination of catalytically dead Cas9 protein and guide RNA capable of targeting a target sequence, but not capable of inducing a double stranded break at a CRISPR landing site because it loses a nuclease activity. In other embodiments, “CRISPR complex” of the present disclosure refers to a combination of Cas9 nickase and guide RNA capable of introducing gRNA-targeted single- strand breaks in DNA instead of the double-strand breaks created by wild type Cas enzymes.Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 As used herein, the term “cross”, “crossing”, “cross pollination” or “crossbreeding” refers to the process by which the pollen of one flower on one plant is applied (artificially or naturally) to the ovule (stigma) of a flower on another plant. As used herein, the term “deaminase” refers to an enzyme that catalyzes the deamination reaction. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the deaminase refers to a cytidine deaminase, which catalyzes the deamination of a cytidine or a deoxycytidine to an uracil or a deoxyuridine, respectively. In other embodiments of the present disclosure, the deaminase refers to an adenosine deaminase, which catalyzes the deamination of an adenine to form hypoxanthine (in the form of its nucleoside inosine), which is read as guanine by DNA polymerase. As used herein, the term “derived from” refers to the origin or source, and may include naturally occurring, recombinant, unpurified, or purified molecules. A nucleic acid or an amino acid derived from an origin or source may have all kinds of nucleotide changes or protein modification as defined elsewhere herein. As used herein, the terms “dicotyledon,” “dicot” and “dicotyledonous” refer to a flowering plant having an embryo containing two seed halves or cotyledons. Examples include tobacco; tomato; legumes, including peas, alfalfa, clover and soybeans; oaks; maples; roses; mints; squashes; daisies; walnuts; cacti; violets and buttercups. As used herein, the term “directing sequence-specific binding” in the context of CRISPR complexes refers to a guide RNA’s ability to recruit a CRISPR endonuclease and / or a CRISPR- associated effectors to a CRISPR landing site. As used herein, “duplex” mutation refers to a genetic modification occurring in two alleles for a given gene. As used herein, the term “endogenous” or “endogenous gene,” refers to the naturally occurring gene, in the location in which it is naturally found within the host cell genome. “Endogenous gene” is synonymous with “native gene” as used herein. An endogenous gene as described herein can include alleles of naturally occurring genes that have been mutated according to any of the methods of the present disclosure, i.e., an endogenous gene could have been modified at some point by traditional plant breeding methods and / or next generation plant breeding methods. As used herein, the term “exogenous” refers to a substance coming from some source other than its native source. For example, the terms “exogenous protein,” or “exogenous gene”Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 refer to a protein or gene from a non-native source, and that has been artificially supplied to a biological system. As used herein, the term “exogenous” is used interchangeably with the term “heterologous,” and refers to a substance coming from some source other than its native source. As used herein, “expression” and “expression level” refer to the relative or absolute amount of a functional gene product present in a cell. As used herein, “gene products” include, but are not limited to, nucleic acids (e.g. RNA), post-transcriptionally modified nucleic acids (e.g. spliced RNA, poly-adenylated mRNA), proteins (e.g. enzymes, structural proteins, etc.), and post-translationally modified proteins (e.g. glycoproteins, lipoproteins, etc.). The function of the gene product refers to the wild-type, unmodified, uninhibited function of the gene product. As used herein, “decreased expression” refers to a relative decrease in the amount of a functional gene product present in a cell. The decreased expression may refer to a decrease in the total amount of a gene product present in a cell (e.g. a decrease in the amount of a protein) or to a decrease in the amount of functional gene products present in a cell (e.g. a decrease in the percentage of proteins with wild-type function, e.g., an altered activity of the protein) or to a decrease in the function of gene products present in a cell (e.g. a decrease in the activity of proteins as compared to proteins with wild-type function). The decreased expression may be of a gene product encoded at a certain genomic locus. Decreased expression also includes “non- expression.” As used herein, “non-expression” refers to the absence of a functional gene product present in a cell, or to an expression level insufficient for detection of the gene product in the cell, or to an expression level insufficient to result in the function of the gene product within the cell, or to an activity level insufficient to result in the detectable activity of the gene product within the cell. As used herein, “expression cassette” refers to DNA sequence capable of directing expression of a particular nucleotide sequence in an appropriate host cell, comprising a promoter operably linked to the nucleotide sequence of interest which is operably linked to termination signals. It also typically comprises sequences required for proper translation of the nucleotide sequence. The coding region usually codes for a protein of interest but may also code for a functional RNA of interest, for example antisense RNA or a nontranslated RNA, in the sense or antisense direction. The expression cassette comprising the nucleotide sequence of interest may be chimeric, meaning that at least one of its components is heterologous with respect to at least one of its other components. The expression cassette may also be one which is naturallyAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 occurring but has been obtained in a recombinant form useful for heterologous expression. The expression of the nucleotide sequence in the expression cassette may be under the control of a constitutive promoter or of an inducible promoter which initiates transcription only when the host cell is exposed to some particular external stimulus. In the case of a multicellular organism, the promoter can also be specific to a particular tissue or organ or stage of development in animal and / or plant including potato species. As used herein, the term “gene” refers to any segment of DNA associated with a biological function. Thus, genes include, but are not limited to, coding sequences and / or the regulatory sequences required for their expression. Genes can also include nonexpressed DNA segments that, for example, form recognition sequences for other proteins. Genes can be obtained from a variety of sources, including cloning from a source of interest or synthesizing from known or predicted sequence information, and may include sequences designed to have desired parameters. The term “gene edited plant, part or cell” as used herein refers to a plant, part or cell that comprises one or more endogenous genes that are edited by a gene editing system. The gene editing system of the present disclosure comprises a targeting element and / or an editing element. The targeting element can recognize a target genomic sequence. The editing element can modify the target genomic sequence, e.g., by substitution or insertion of one or more nucleotides in the genomic sequence, deletion of one or more nucleotides in the genomic sequence, alteration of genomic sequences to include regulatory sequences, insertion of transgenes at a safe harbor genomic site or other specific location in the genome, or any combination thereof. The targeting element and the editing element can be on the same nucleic acid molecule or different nucleic acid molecules. In some embodiments, the editing element is capable of precise genome editing by substitution of a single nucleotide using a base editor, such cytosine base editor (CBE) and / or adenine base editor (ABE), which is directly or indirectly fused to a CRISPR-associated effector protein. As used herein, “genetic modification” or “modification” refers to any sequence or portion thereof within a nucleic acid molecule that differs from the sequence of an ancestral nucleic acid molecule. For example, a seed that contains an inserted or deleted genomic sequence that is not present in one of its parent plants comprises a genetic modification. A genetic modification may be naturally occurring or introduced. A genetic modification may beAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 introduced via, for example: plant breeding to introduce a naturally-occurring genetic modification of one plant line into another plant line; transgenic methods; gene editing; chemical mutagenesis; and the like. As used herein, “genotype” is the genetic constitution of an individual (or group of individuals) at one or more genetic loci, as contrasted with the observable trait (phenotype). Genotype is defined by the allele(s) of one or more known loci that the individual has inherited from its parents. The term genotype can be used to refer to an individual's genetic constitution at a single locus, at multiple loci, or, more generally, the term genotype can be used to refer to an individual's genetic make-up for all the genes in its genome. The term “genotype” can also refer to determining the genetic constitution of an individual (or group of individuals) at one or more genetic loci. As used herein, “germplasm” refers to living sources of genetic material. The germplasm can be part of an organism or cell, or can be separate from the organism or cell. In general, germplasm provides genetic material with a specific molecular makeup that provides a physical foundation for some or all of the hereditary qualities of an organism or cell culture. As used herein, germplasm includes cells, seed, or tissues from which new plants can be grown, or plant parts, such as leaves, stems, pollen, or cells that can be cultured into a whole plant. The terms “growing”, or “regeneration” as used herein mean growing a whole, differentiated plant from a plant cell, a group of plant cells, a plant part (including seeds), or a plant piece (e.g., from a protoplast, callus, or tissue part). The term “Guided endonuclease” refers to a polypeptide having RNA binding activity, DNA binding activity, and / or DNA cleavage activity. RNA guided endonucleases form a complex with a guide RNA, which contains a sequence that is able to bind a target sequence on double stranded DNA. In some embodiments, the RNA guided endonuclease cleaves the double stranded target DNA. The term “Guide RNA” or “gRNA” as used herein refers to an RNA sequence or combination of sequences capable of recruiting a CRISPR endonuclease and / or CRISPR- associated effectors to a target sequence. Typically, gRNA is composed of crRNA and tracrRNA molecules forming complexes through partial complement, wherein crRNA comprises a sequence that is sufficiently complementary to a target sequence for hybridization and directs the CRISPR complex (i.e., Cas9-crRNA / tracrRNA hybrid) to specifically bind to the targetAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 sequence. Also, single guide RNA (sgRNA) can be designed, which comprises the characteristics of both crRNA and tracrRNA. Therefore, as used herein, a guide RNA can be a natural or synthetic crRNA (e.g., for Cpf1), a natural or synthetic crRNA / tracrRNA hybrid (e.g., for Cas9), or a single-guide RNA (sgRNA). The term “guide sequence” or “spacer sequence” refers to the portion of a crRNA or guide RNA (gRNA) that is responsible for hybridizing with the target DNA. As used herein, “haplotype” refers to a distinct 1n set of chromosomes with a unique set of alleles. As used herein, each haplotype is distinct from other haplotypes in that it contains a set of alleles that confers a unique set of characteristics not conferred by other haplotypes. As used herein, as a feature of the present disclosure, each distinct haplotype need not be inherited from a different parent – a polyploid organism of the present disclosure may comprise three or more haplotypes inherited from two parents. As used herein, “monoallelic plant” typically refers to a plant line containing a single haplotype, “biallelic plant” typically refers to a plant line containing two haplotypes, and “multiallelic plant” typically refers to a plant line containing three or more haplotypes. In the case of allopolyploid potato plants that contain multiple subgenomes between which there is little to no recombination, as used herein, the term “at least one haplotypes” typically refers to one or more haplotypes of the same subgenome, “at least two haplotypes” typically refers to two or more haplotypes of the same subgenome and “at least three haplotypes” typically refers to three or more haplotypes of the same subgenome. As used herein, the term “heterologous” refers to a substance coming from some source or location other than its native source or location. In some embodiments, the term “heterologous nucleic acid” refers to a nucleic acid sequence that is not naturally found in a particular organism. For example, the term “heterologous promoter” may refer to a promoter that has been taken from one source organism and utilized in another organism, in which the promoter is not naturally found. However, the term “heterologous promoter” may also refer to a promoter that is from within the same source organism, but has merely been moved to a novel location, in which said promoter is not normally located. Heterologous gene sequences can be introduced into a target cell by using an “expression vector,” which can be a eukaryotic expression vector, for example a plant expression vector. Methods used to construct vectors are well known to a person skilled in the art and described in various publications. In particular, techniques for constructing suitable vectors, including aAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 description of the functional components such as promoters, enhancers, termination and polyadenylation signals, selection markers, origins of replication, and splicing signals, are reviewed in the prior art. Vectors may include but are not limited to plasmid vectors, phagemids, cosmids, artificial / mini-chromosomes (e.g. ACE), or viral vectors such as baculovirus, retrovirus, adenovirus, adeno-associated virus, herpes simplex virus, retroviruses, bacteriophages. The eukaryotic expression vectors will typically contain also prokaryotic sequences that facilitate the propagation of the vector in bacteria such as an origin of replication and antibiotic resistance genes for selection in bacteria. A variety of eukaryotic expression vectors, containing a cloning site into which a polynucleotide can be operatively linked, are well known in the art and some are commercially available from companies such as Stratagene, La Jolla, Calif.; Invitrogen, Carlsbad, Calif.; Promega, Madison, Wis. or BD Biosciences Clontech, Palo Alto, Calif. In one embodiment the expression vector comprises at least one nucleic acid sequence which is a regulatory sequence necessary for transcription and translation of nucleotide sequences that encode for a peptide / polypeptide / protein of interest. As used herein, the term “hemizygous” refers to a cell, tissue or organism in which a gene is present only once in a genotype, as a gene in a haploid cell or organism, a sex-linked gene in the heterogametic sex, or a gene in a segment of chromosome in a diploid cell or organism where its partner segment has been deleted. As used herein, the term "homologous" or "homolog" is known in the art and refers to related sequences that share a common ancestor or family member and are determined based on the degree of sequence identity. The terms “homology”, “homologous”, “substantially similar” and “corresponding substantially” are used interchangeably herein. Homologs usually control, mediate, or influence the same or similar biochemical pathways, yet particular homologs may give rise to differing phenotypes. It is therefore understood, as those skilled in the art will appreciate, that the disclosure encompasses more than the specific exemplary sequences. These terms describe the relationship between a gene found in one species, subspecies, variety, cultivar or strain and the corresponding or equivalent gene in another species, subspecies, variety, cultivar or strain. For purposes of this disclosure homologous sequences are compared. As used herein, the term “heterozygote” refers to a diploid or polyploid individual cell or plant having different alleles (forms of a given gene) present at least at one locus. As used herein, the term “heterozygous” refers to the presence of different alleles (formsAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 of a given gene) at a particular gene locus. As used herein, the term “homozygote” refers to an individual cell or plant having the same alleles at one or more loci. As used herein, the term “homozygous” refers to the presence of identical alleles at one or more loci in homologous chromosomal segments. The term “homolog” is sometimes used to apply to the relationship between genes separated by the event of speciation (see “ortholog”) or to the relationship between genes separated by the event of genetic duplication (see “paralog”). The term “homeolog” refers to a homeologous gene or chromosome, resulting from polyploidy or chromosomal duplication events. This contrasts with the more common 'homolog’, which is defined immediately above. "Homologous sequences" or "homologs" or “orthologs” are thought, believed, or known to be functionally related. A functional relationship may be indicated in any one of several ways, including, but not limited to: (a) degree of sequence identity and / or (b) the same or similar biological function. Preferably, both (a) and (b) are indicated. The degree of sequence identity may vary, but in one embodiment, is at least 50% (when using standard sequence alignment programs known in the art), at least 60%, at least 65%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least about 91%, at least about 92%, at least about 93%, at least about 94%, at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least 98.5%, or at least about 99%, or at least 99.5%, or at least 99.8%, or at least 99.9%. Homology can be determined using software programs readily available in the art, such as those discussed in Current Protocols in Molecular Biology (F.M. Ausubel et al., eds., 1987) Supplement 30, section 7.718, Table 7.71. Some alignment programs are MacVector (Oxford Molecular Ltd, Oxford, U.K.) and ALIGN Plus (Scientific and Educational Software, Pennsylvania). Other non-limiting alignment programs include Sequencher (Gene Codes, Ann Arbor, Michigan), AlignX, and Vector NTI (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA). The terms “host cell”, “genetically engineered host cell,” “recombinant host cell,” and “recombinant strain” are used interchangeably herein and refer to host cells that have been genetically engineered by the methods of the present disclosure. Thus, the terms include a host cell (e.g., bacteria, yeast cell, fungal cell, CHO, human cell, plant cell, protoplast derived from plant, callus, etc.) that has been genetically altered, modified, or engineered, such that it exhibitsAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 an altered, modified, or different genotype and / or phenotype (e.g., when the genetic modification affects coding nucleic acid sequences), as compared to the naturally-occurring host cell from which it was derived. It is understood that the terms refer not only to the particular recombinant host cell in question, but also to the progeny or potential progeny of such a host cell. As used herein, the term “hybridize” refers to pairing between complementary nucleotide bases (e.g., adenine (A) forms a base pair with thymine (T) in a DNA molecule and with uracil (U) in an RNA molecule, and guanine (G) forms a base pair with cytosine (C) in both DNA and RNA molecules) to form a double-stranded nucleic acid molecule. (See, e.g., Wahl and Berger (1987) Methods Enzymol.152:399; Kimmel, (1987) Methods Enzymol.152:507). In addition, it is also known in the art that for hybridization between two RNA molecules (e.g., dsRNA), guanine (G) base pairs with uracil (U). For example, G / U base-pairing is partially responsible for the degeneracy (i.e., redundancy) of the genetic code in the context of tRNA anti-codon base- pairing with codons in mRNA. In the context of this disclosure, a guanine (G) of a protein- binding segment (dsRNA duplex) of a guide RNA molecule is considered complementary to an uracil (U), and vice versa. As such, when a G / U base-pair can be made at a given nucleotide position a protein-binding segment (dsRNA duplex) of a guide RNA molecule, the position is not considered to be non-complementary but is instead considered to be complementary. It is understood in the art that the sequence of polynucleotide need not be 100% complementary to that of its target nucleic acid to be specifically hybridizable. Moreover, a polynucleotide may hybridize over one or more segments such that intervening or adjacent segments are not involved in the hybridization event (e.g., a loop structure or hairpin structure). A polynucleotide can comprise at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 99%, or 100% sequence complementarity to a target region within the target nucleic acid sequence to which they are targeted. As used herein, the terms “introgression”, “introgressed” and “introgressing” refer to the process whereby genes of one species, variety or cultivar are moved into the genome of another species, variety or cultivar, by crossing those species. The crossing may be natural or artificial. The process may optionally be completed by backcrossing to the recurrent parent, in which case introgression refers to infiltration of the genes of one species into the gene pool of another through repeated backcrossing of an interspecific hybrid with one of its parents. An introgression may also be described as a heterologous genetic material stably integrated in the genome of aAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 recipient plant. The disclosure encompasses isolated or substantially purified nucleic acid or protein compositions. As used herein, an “isolated” or “purified” nucleic acid molecule or protein, or biologically active portion thereof, is substantially or essentially free from components that normally accompany or interact with the nucleic acid molecule or protein as found in its naturally occurring environment. Thus, an isolated or purified polynucleotide or polypeptide is substantially free of other cellular material, or culture medium when produced by recombinant techniques, or substantially free of chemical precursors or other chemicals when chemically synthesized. Suitably, an “isolated” polynucleotide is free of sequences (especially protein encoding sequences) that naturally flank the polynucleotide (i.e., sequences located at the 5′ and 3′ ends of the polynucleotide) in the genomic DNA of the organism from which the polynucleotide was derived. For example, in various embodiments, the isolated polynucleotide can contain less than about 5 kb, 4 kb, 3 kb, 2 kb, 1 kb, 0.5 kb, or 0.1 kb of nucleotide sequences that naturally flank the polynucleotide in genomic DNA of the cell from which the polynucleotide was derived. A polypeptide that is substantially free of cellular material includes preparations of protein having less than about 30%, 20%, 10%, 5%, (by dry weight) of contaminating protein. When the protein of the disclosure or biologically active portion thereof is recombinantly produced, culture medium suitably represents less than about 30%, 20%, 10%, or 5% (by dry weight) of chemical precursors or non-protein-of-interest chemicals. As used herein, the term “line” is used broadly to include, but is not limited to, a group of plants vegetatively propagated from a single parent plant, via tissue culture techniques or a group of inbred plants which are genetically very similar due to descent from a common parent(s). A plant is said to “belong” to a particular line if it (a) is a primary transformant (T0) plant regenerated from material of that line; (b) has a pedigree comprised of a T0 plant of that line; or (c) is genetically very similar due to common ancestry (e.g., via inbreeding or selfing). In this context, the term “pedigree” denotes the lineage of a plant, e.g., in terms of the sexual crosses affected such that a gene or a combination of genes, in heterozygous (hemizygous) or homozygous condition, imparts a desired trait to the plant. As used herein, the term “locus” (plural: “loci”) refers to any site that has been defined genetically. A locus may be a gene, or part of a gene, or a DNA sequence that has some regulatory role, and may be occupied by different sequencesAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 As used herein, the term “mass selection” refers to a form of selection in which individual plants are selected and the next generation propagated from the aggregate of their seeds. More details of mass selection are described herein in the specification. The term “modified” refers to a substance or compound (e.g., a cell, a polynucleotide sequence, and / or a polypeptide sequence) that has been altered or changed as compared to the corresponding unmodified substance or compound. As used herein, the term “molecular marker” or “genetic marker” refers to an indicator that is used in methods for visualizing differences in characteristics of nucleic acid sequences. Examples of such indicators are restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers, amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), insertion mutations, microsatellite markers (SSRs), sequence-characterized amplified regions (SCARs), cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) markers or isozyme markers or combinations of the markers described herein which defines a specific genetic and chromosomal location. Mapping of molecular markers in the vicinity of an allele is a procedure which can be performed quite easily by the average person skilled in molecular-biological techniques which techniques are for instance described in Lefebvre and Chevre, 1995, Lorez and Wenzel, 2007, Srivastava and Narula, 2004, Meksem and Kahl, 2005, and Phillips and Vasil, 2001. General information concerning AFLP technology can be found in Vos et al. (1995, AFLP: a new technique for DNA fingerprinting, Nucleic Acids Res.1995 Nov.11; 23(21): 4407-4414). A probe comprises an identifiable, isolated nucleic acid that recognizes a target nucleic acid sequence. A probe includes a nucleic acid that is attached to an addressable location, a detectable label or other reporter molecule and that hybridizes to a target sequence. Typical labels include radioactive isotopes, enzyme substrates, co-factors, ligands, chemiluminescent or fluorescent agents, haptens, and enzymes. Methods for labelling and guidance in the choice of labels appropriate for various purposes are discussed, for example, in Sambrook et al. (ed.), Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, 2nded., vol.1-3, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 1989 and Ausubel et al. Short Protocols in Molecular Biology, 4thed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1999. As used herein, “mutagenesis” refers to processes in which mutations are introduced into a selected DNA sequence. Mutations induced by endonucleases generally are obtained by aAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 double strand break, which results in insertion / deletion mutations (“indels”) that can be detected by deep-sequencing analysis. Such mutations typically are deletions of several base pairs, and have the effect of inactivating the mutated allele. In the methods described herein, for example, mutagenesis occurs via double stranded DNA breaks made by TALE-nucleases targeted to selected DNA sequences in a plant cell. Such mutagenesis results in “TALE-nuclease-induced mutations” (e.g., TALE-nuclease-induced knockouts) and reduced expression of the targeted gene. Following mutagenesis, plants can be regenerated from the treated cells using known techniques (e.g., planting seeds in accordance with conventional growing procedures, followed by self-pollination). As used herein, the term “naturally occurring” as applied to a nucleic acid, a polypeptide, a cell, or an organism, refers to a nucleic acid, polypeptide, cell, or organism that is found in nature. The term “naturally occurring” may refer to a gene or sequence derived from a naturally occurring source. Thus, for the purposes of this disclosure, a “non-naturally occurring” sequence is a sequence that has been synthesized, mutated, engineered, edited, or otherwise modified to have a different sequence from known natural sequences. In some embodiments, the modification may be at the protein level (e.g., amino acid substitutions). In other embodiments, the modification may be at the DNA level (e.g., nucleotide substitutions). As used herein, the term “non-regenerable” generally refers to a potato plant part, a plant cell, a processed potato product, or a portion or cell of any of the foregoing, that cannot be induced to form a whole potato plant or that cannot be induced to form a whole potato plant that is capable of sexual and / or asexual reproduction. As used herein, the term "nucleotide change" or “nucleotide modification” refers to, e.g., nucleotide substitution, deletion, and / or insertion, as is well understood in the art. For example, such nucleotide changes / modifications include mutations containing alterations that produce silent substitutions, additions, or deletions, but do not alter the properties or activities of the encoded protein or how the proteins are made. As another example, such nucleotide changes / modifications include mutations containing alterations that produce replacement substitutions, additions, or deletions, that alter the properties or activities of the encoded protein or how the proteins are made. As used herein, the term “offspring” refers to any plant resulting as progeny from a vegetative or sexual reproduction from one or more parent plants or descendants thereof. ForAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 instance, an offspring plant may be obtained by cloning or selfing of a parent plant or by crossing two parent plants and include selfings as well as the F1 or F2 or still further generations. An F1 is a first-generation offspring produced from parents at least one of which is used for the first time as donor of a trait, while offspring of second generation (F2) or subsequent generations (F3, F4, etc.) are specimens produced from selfings of F1's, F2's etc. An F1 may thus be (and usually is) a hybrid resulting from a cross between two true breeding parents (true breeding is homozygous for a trait), while an F2 may be (and usually is) an offspring resulting from self- pollination of said F1 hybrids. As used herein, the term “open pollination” refers to a plant population that is freely exposed to some gene flow, as opposed to a closed one in which there is an effective barrier to gene flow. As used herein, the terms “open-pollinated population” or “open-pollinated variety” refer to plants normally capable of at least some cross-fertilization, selected to a standard, that may show variation but that also have one or more genotypic or phenotypic characteristics by which the population or the variety can be differentiated from others. A hybrid, which has no barriers to cross-pollination, is an open-pollinated population or an open-pollinated variety. As used herein, the term “operably linked” refers to the association of nucleic acid sequences on a single nucleic acid fragment so that the function of one is regulated by the other. For example, a promoter is operably linked with a coding sequence when it is capable of regulating the expression of that coding sequence (i.e., that the coding sequence is under the transcriptional control of the promoter). Coding sequences can be operably linked to regulatory sequences in a sense or antisense orientation. In another example, the complementary RNA regions of the disclosure can be operably linked, either directly or indirectly, 5′ to the target mRNA, or 3′ to the target mRNA, or within the target mRNA, or a first complementary region is 5′ and its complement is 3′ to the target mRNA. The term “ortholog” refers to genes in different species that evolved from a common ancestral gene by speciation. Normally, orthologs retain the same function in the course of evolution. Identification of orthologs is critical for reliable prediction of gene function in newly sequenced genomes. As used herein when discussing plants, the term “ovule” refers to the female gametophyte, whereas the term “pollen” means the male gametophyte.Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 The term “paralog” refers to genes related by duplication within a genome. While orthologs generally retain the same function in the course of evolution, paralogs can evolve new functions, even if these are related to the original one. The terms “peptide,” “polypeptide,” and “protein” are used interchangeably herein, and refer to a polymeric form of amino acids of any length, which can include coded and non-coded amino acids, chemically or biochemically modified or derivatized amino acids, and polypeptides having modified peptide backbones. As used herein, the term “phenotype” refers to the observable characters of an individual cell, cell culture, organism (e.g., a plant), or group of organisms which results from the interaction between that individual’s genetic makeup (i.e., genotype) and the environment. The term “plant” refers to a whole plant, any part thereof, or a cell or tissue culture derived from a plant, comprising any of: whole plants, plant components or organs (e.g., leaves, stems, roots, tubers, etc.), plant tissues, tubers, microtubers, seeds, embryos, plant cells, protoplasts and / or progeny of the same. A plant cell is a biological cell of a plant, taken from a plant or derived through culture of a cell taken from a plant. The term “plant part” includes differentiated and undifferentiated tissues including, but not limited to tubers, microtubers, plant organs, plant tissues, roots, stems, shoots, rootstocks, scions, stipules, petals, leaves, flowers, ovules, pollens, bracts, petioles, internodes, bark, pubescence, tillers, rhizomes, fronds, blades, stamens, fruits, seeds, tumor tissue and plant cells (e.g., single cells, protoplasts, embryos, and callus tissue). Plant cells include, without limitation, cells from seeds, suspension cultures, embryos, meristematic regions, callus tissue, leaves, roots, shoots, gametophytes, sporophytes, pollen and microspores. The plant tissue may be in a plant or in a plant organ, tissue or cell culture. As used herein, the term “plant tissue” refers to any part of a plant. Examples of plant organs include, but are not limited to the leaf, stem, root, tuber, seed, branch, pubescence, nodule, leaf axil, flower, pollen, stamen, pistil, petal, peduncle, stalk, stigma, style, bract, fruit, trunk, carpel, sepal, anther, ovule, pedicel, needle, cone, rhizome, stolon, shoot, pericarp, endosperm, placenta, berry, stamen, and leaf sheath. The terms “polynucleotide,” “nucleic acid,” and “nucleotide sequence,” used interchangeably herein, refer to a polymeric form of nucleotides of any length, either ribonucleotides or deoxyribonucleotides, or analogs thereof. This term refers to the primaryAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 structure of the molecule, and thus includes double- and single-stranded DNA, as well as double- and single-stranded RNA. This term includes, but is not limited to, single-, double-, or multi- stranded DNA or RNA, genomic DNA, cDNA, DNA-RNA hybrids, or a polymer comprising purine and pyrimidine bases or other natural, chemically or biochemically modified, non-natural, or derivatized nucleotide bases. It also includes modified nucleic acids such as methylated and / or capped nucleic acids, nucleic acids containing modified bases, backbone modifications, and the like. “Oligonucleotide” generally refers to polynucleotides of between about 5 and about 100 nucleotides of single- or double-stranded DNA. However, for the purposes of this disclosure, there is no upper limit to the length of an oligonucleotide. Oligonucleotides are also known as “oligomers” or “oligos” and may be isolated from genes, or chemically synthesized by methods known in the art. The terms “polynucleotide” “nucleic acid,” and “nucleotide sequence” should be understood to include, as applicable to the embodiments being described, single-stranded (such as sense or antisense) and double-stranded polynucleotides. As used herein, the term “population” means a genetically homogeneous or heterogeneous collection of plants sharing a common genetic derivation. As used herein, “potato” typically refers to the species Solanum tuberosum. Moreover, it will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that some varieties of Solanum tuberosum include genetic introgressions from related Solanum species, but that such varieties are still considered Solanum tuberosum unless otherwise noted. The terms “potato” and “potato plant” include the whole potato plant or any parts or derivatives thereof, such as plant organs (e.g., harvested or non-harvested flowers, leaves, etc.), plant cells, plant protoplasts, plant cell or tissue cultures from which whole plants can be regenerated, regenerable or non-regenerable plant cells, plant calli, plant cell clumps, and plant cells that are intact in plants, or parts of plants, such as embryos, pollen, ovules, ovaries (e.g., harvested tissues or organs), flowers, leaves, seeds, tubers, clonally propagated plants, roots, stems, cotyledons, hypocotyls, root tips, meristems, nodes, stolon tips and the like. The potato plant parts or derivatives thereof can also include any of the aforementioned plant parts in an encapsulated form such as, for example, shoot meristems, nodes, stolon tips, and the like, encapsulated in alginate, e.g., in a synthetic seed. Any developmental stage is also included, such as seedlings, immature and mature, etc. As described herein, a “potato food product” can be a food and / or an ingredient and / or component of a food that contains the tissue of a potato tuber. The tissue of the tuber can beAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 prepared for consumption and / or incorporated into a food product by any of the many different forms of manual and / or mechanical processing, including “chipping”, defined herein as cutting or slicing a potato tuber into various shapes. Other methods of preparing potato food products include cleaning, peeling, cutting, blanching, frying, freezing, and packaging. Potato tubers are commonly chipped into cross sections to produce round, flat disks which can then be processed to make potato chips (as they are commonly called in the USA) or “crisps” (as they are called in the UK). Potato tubers can also be chipped into rod-shaped longitudinal sections and processed into “French fries”, as they are called in the USA, or “chips” as they are called in the UK. The invention described herein is not limited to any particular chip shape. Some examples of potato food products include tuber flesh that is mashed, baked, boiled, fried, dehydrated, etc. and includes potato starch, which may be used to bind meat mixtures, thicken sauces, stews, gravies and soups as well as a binding agent in cake mixes, dough, biscuits, and ice-cream. Potato food products also included those derived from fermenting tuber tissue to create beverages, including vodka and akvavit. Some examples of potato food products include tuber flesh that is mashed, baked, boiled, fried, dehydrated, etc. and includes potato starch, which may be used to bind meat mixtures, thicken sauces, stews, gravies and soups as well as a binding agent in cake mixes, dough, biscuits, and ice-cream. Potato food products also included those derived from fermenting tuber tissue to create beverages, including vodka and akvavit. As used herein, “potato processed potato product” typically refers to biomass, oil, meal, food starch, syrup, sugar, animal feed, flour, flakes, chips, fries, wedges, hash browns, tater tots, baked potatoes, mashed potatoes, dehydrated potatoes, pellets, abraded peels, steamed peels, potato slurry, potato puree, filter cake, screen solids, pulp, potato protein isolate or concentrate, culled fries, culled crisps, crowns, batter, crumbles, nubbins, or an alcoholic beverage. In certain embodiments, the processed potato product is chips. In some embodiments, the processed potato product is non-regenerable. The term “primer” as used herein refers to an oligonucleotide which is capable of annealing to the amplification target allowing a DNA polymerase to attach, thereby serving as a point of initiation of DNA synthesis when placed under conditions in which synthesis of primer extension product is induced, i.e., in the presence of nucleotides and an agent for polymerizationAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 such as DNA polymerase and at a suitable temperature and pH. The (amplification) primer is preferably single stranded for maximum efficiency in amplification. Preferably, the primer is an oligodeoxyribonucleotide. The primer must be sufficiently long to prime the synthesis of extension products in the presence of the agent for polymerization. The exact lengths of the primers will depend on many factors, including temperature and composition (A / T and G / C content) of the primer. A pair of bi-directional primers consists of one forward and one reverse primer as commonly used in the art of DNA amplification such as in PCR amplification. The term “protospacer” refers to the DNA sequence targeted by a guide sequence of crRNA or gRNA. In some embodiments, the protospacer sequence hybridizes with the crRNA or gRNA guide (spacer) sequence of a CRISPR complex. As used herein, “quadraplex” mutation refers to a genetic modification occurring in four alleles for a given gene. As used herein, the phrases “recombinant construct”, “expression construct”, “chimeric construct”, “construct”, and “recombinant DNA construct” are used interchangeably herein. A recombinant construct comprises an artificial combination of nucleic acid fragments, e.g., regulatory and coding sequences that are not found together in nature. For example, a chimeric construct may comprise regulatory sequences and coding sequences that are derived from different sources, or regulatory sequences and coding sequences derived from the same source but arranged in a manner different than that found in nature. Such construct may be used by itself or may be used in conjunction with a vector. If a vector is used then the choice of vector is dependent upon the method that will be used to transform host cells as is well known to those skilled in the art. For example, a plasmid vector can be used. The skilled artisan is aware of the genetic elements that must be present on the vector to successfully transform, select and propagate host cells comprising any of the isolated nucleic acid fragments of the disclosure. The skilled artisan will also recognize that different independent transformation events will result in different levels and patterns of expression (Jones et al., (1985) EMBO J.4:2411-2418; De Almeida et al., (1989) Mol. Gen. Genetics 218:78-86), and thus that multiple events must be screened in order to obtain lines displaying the desired expression level and pattern. Such screening may be accomplished by Southern analysis of DNA, Northern analysis of mRNA expression, immunoblotting analysis of protein expression, or phenotypic analysis, among others. Vectors can be plasmids, viruses, bacteriophages, pro-viruses, phagemids, transposons,Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 artificial chromosomes, and the like, which replicate autonomously or can integrate into a chromosome of a host cell. A vector can also be a naked RNA polynucleotide, a naked DNA polynucleotide, a polynucleotide composed of both DNA and RNA within the same strand, a poly-lysine-conjugated DNA or RNA, a peptide-conjugated DNA or RNA, a liposome- conjugated DNA, or the like, which is not autonomously replicating. As used herein, the term “expression” refers to the production of a functional end-product e.g., an mRNA or a protein (precursor or mature). The term “seed region” refers to the critical portion of a crRNA’s or guide RNA’s guide sequence that is most susceptible to mismatches with their targets. In some embodiments, a single mismatch in the seed region of a crRNA / gRNA can render a CRISPR complex inactive at that binding site. In some embodiments, the seed regions for Cas9 endonucleases are located along the last ~12 nts of the 3’ portion of the guide sequence, which correspond (hybridize) to the portion of the protospacer target sequence that is adjacent to the PAM. In some embodiments, the seed regions for Cpf1 endonucleases are located along the first ~5 nts of the 5’ portion of the guide sequence, which correspond (hybridize) to the portion of the protospacer target sequence adjacent to the PAM. As used herein, the term “self-crossing”, “self-pollinated” or “self-pollination” means the pollen of one flower on one plant is applied (artificially or naturally) to the ovule (stigma) of the same or a different flower on the same plant. The term “sequence identity” refers to the percentage of bases or amino acids between two polynucleotide or polypeptide sequences that are the same, and in the same relative position. As such one polynucleotide or polypeptide sequence has a certain percentage of sequence identity compared to another polynucleotide or polypeptide sequence. For sequence comparison, typically one sequence acts as a reference sequence, to which test sequences are compared. The term “reference sequence” refers to a molecule to which a test sequence is compared. When percentage of sequence identity is used in reference to proteins it is recognized that residue positions which are not identical often differ by conservative amino acid substitutions, where amino acid residues are substituted for other amino acid residues with similar chemical properties (e.g., charge or hydrophobicity) and therefore do not change the functional properties of the molecule. Where sequences differ in conservative substitutions, the percent sequence identity may be adjusted upwards to correct for the conservative nature of the substitution.Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 Sequences which differ by such conservative substitutions are said to have "sequence similarity" or "similarity." Means for making this adjustment are well-known to those of skill in the art. Typically this involves scoring a conservative substitution as a partial rather than a full mismatch, thereby increasing the percentage sequence identity. Thus, for example, where an identical amino acid is given a score of 1 and a non-conservative substitution is given a score of zero, a conservative substitution is given a score between zero and 1. The scoring of conservative substitutions is calculated, e.g., according to the algorithm of Meyers and Miller, Computer Applic. Biol. Sci., 4:11-17 (1988). As used herein, “simplex” mutation refers to a genetic modification occurring in only one allele for a given gene. The term “single allele converted plant” as used herein refers to those plants which are developed by a plant breeding technique called backcrossing wherein essentially all of the desired morphological and physiological characteristics of an inbred are recovered in addition to the single allele transferred into the inbred via the backcrossing technique. As used herein, “specific gravity” is an expression of density and is a measurement of potato quality. There is a high correlation between the specific gravity of the tuber and the starch content and percentage of dry matter or total solids. A higher specific gravity contributes to higher recovery rate and better quality of the processed product. As used herein the term “targeted” refers to the expectation that one item or molecule will interact with another item or molecule with a degree of specificity, so as to exclude non- targeted items or molecules. For example, a first polynucleotide that is targeted to a second polynucleotide, according to the present disclosure has been designed to hybridize with the second polynucleotide in a sequence specific manner (e.g., via Watson-Crick base pairing). In some embodiments, the selected region of hybridization is designed so as to render the hybridization unique to the one, or more targeted regions. A second polynucleotide can cease to be a target of a first targeting polynucleotide, if its targeting sequence (region of hybridization) is mutated or is otherwise removed / separated from the second polynucleotide. Furthermore, “targeted” can be interchangeably used with “site-specific” or “site-directed,” which refers to an action of molecular biology which uses information on the sequence of a genomic region of interest to be modified, and which further relies on information of the mechanism of action of molecular tools, e.g., nucleases, including CRISPR nucleases and variants thereof, TALENs,Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 ZFNs, meganucleases or recombinases, DNA-modifying enzymes, including base modifying enzymes like cytidine deaminase enzymes, histone modifying enzymes and the like, DNA- binding proteins, cr / tracr RNAs, guide RNAs and the like. As used herein, the term “tissue culture” indicates a composition comprising isolated cells of the same or a different type or a collection of such cells organized into parts of a plant. Exemplary types of tissue cultures are protoplasts, calli, plant clumps, and plant cells that can generate tissue culture that are intact in plants or parts of plants, such as embryos, pollen, flowers, seeds, leaves, stems, roots, root tips, anthers, pistils, meristematic cells, axillary buds, ovaries, seed coat, endosperm, hypocotyls, cotyledons and the like. The term "plant organ" refers to plant tissue or a group of tissues that constitute a morphologically and functionally distinct part of a plant. "Progeny" comprises any subsequent generation of a plant. The term “tracrRNA” refers to a small trans-encoded RNA. TracrRNA is complementary to and base pairs with crRNA to form a crRNA / tracrRNA hybrid, capable of recruiting CRISPR endonucleases and / or CRISPR-associated effectors to target sequences. The terms “transgene” or “transgenic” as used herein refer to at least one nucleic acid sequence that is taken from the genome of one organism, or produced synthetically, and which is then introduced into a host cell or organism or tissue of interest and which is subsequently integrated into the host’s genome by means of “stable” transformation or transfection approaches. In contrast, the term “transient” transformation or transfection or introduction refers to a way of introducing molecular tools including at least one nucleic acid (DNA, RNA, single- stranded or double-stranded or a mixture thereof) and / or at least one amino acid sequence, optionally comprising suitable chemical or biological agents, to achieve a transfer into at least one compartment of interest of a cell, including, but not restricted to, the cytoplasm, an organelle, including the nucleus, a mitochondrion, a vacuole, a chloroplast, or into a membrane, resulting in transcription and / or translation and / or association and / or activity of the at least one molecule introduced without achieving a stable integration or incorporation and thus inheritance of the respective at least one molecule introduced into the genome of a cell. The terms “transgene-free” refers to a condition that transgene is not present or found in the genome of a host cell or tissue or organism of interest. As used herein, “triplex” mutation refers to a genetic modification occurring in three alleles for a given gene.Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 By “variant” polypeptide is intended a polypeptide derived from the native protein by deletion (so-called truncation) or addition of one or more amino acids to the N-terminal and / or C-terminal end of the native protein; deletion or addition of one or more amino acids at one or more sites in the native protein; or substitution of one or more amino acids at one or more sites in the native protein. Variant proteins encompassed by the present disclosure are biologically active, that is they continue to possess the desired biological activity of the native protein, that is, modulating or regulatory activity as described herein. Such variants may result from, for example, genetic polymorphism or from human manipulation. Biologically active variants of a native R protein of the disclosure will have at least 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, generally at least 75%, 80%, 85%, preferably about 90% to 95% or more, and more preferably about 98% or more sequence identity to the amino acid sequence for the native protein as determined by sequence alignment programs described elsewhere herein using default parameters. A biologically active variant of a protein of the disclosure may differ from that protein by as few as 1-15 amino acid residues, as few as 1-10, such as 6-10, as few as 5, as few as 4, 3, 2, or even 1 amino acid residue. The nucleic proteins of the disclosure may be altered in various ways including amino acid substitutions, deletions, truncations, and insertions. Methods for such manipulations are generally known in the art. For example, amino acid sequence variants of the R proteins can be prepared by mutations in the DNA. Methods for mutagenesis and nucleotide sequence alterations are well known in art. See, for example, Kunkel (1985) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82:488-492; Kunkel et al. (1987) Methods in Enzymol.154:367-382; U.S. Pat. No.4,873,192; Walker and Gaastra, eds. (1983) Techniques in Molecular Biology (MacMillan Publishing Company, New York) and the references cited therein. Guidance as to appropriate amino acid substitutions that do not affect biological activity of the protein of interest may be found in the model of Dayhoff et al. (1978) Atlas of Protein Sequence and Structure (Natl. Biomed. Res. Found., Washington, D.C.), herein incorporated by reference. Conservative substitutions, such as exchanging one amino acid with another having similar properties, may be preferable. Individual substitutions, deletions or additions that alter, add or delete a single amino acid or a small percentage of amino acids (typically less than 5%, more typically less than 1%) in an encoded sequence are “conservatively modified variations,” where the alterations result in the substitution of an amino acid with a chemically similar amino acid. Conservative substitutionAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 tables providing functionally similar amino acids are well known in the art. The following five groups each contain amino acids that are conservative substitutions for one another, Aliphatic: Glycine (G), Alanine (A), Valine (V), Leucine (L), Isoleucine (I); Aromatic: Phenylalanine (F), Tyrosine (Y), Tryptophan (W); Sulfur-containing: Methionine (M), Cysteine (C); Basic: Arginine I, Lysine (K), Histidine (H); and Acidic: Aspartic acid (D), Glutamic acid (E), Asparagine (N), Glutamine (Q). See also, Creighton, 1984. In addition, individual substitutions, deletions or additions which alter, add or delete a single amino acid or a small percentage of amino acids in an encoded sequence are also “conservatively modified variations.” Methods for preparing and using nucleic acid probes and primers are described, for example, in Sambrook et al. (ed.), Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, 2nded., vol.1-3, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 1989; Ausubel et al. Short Protocols in Molecular Biology, 4thed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1999; and Innis et al. PCR Protocols, A Guide to Methods and Applications, Academic Press, Inc., San Diego, CA, 1990. Amplification primer pairs can be derived from a known sequence, for example, by using computer programs intended for that purpose such as PRIMER (Version 0.5, 1991, Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA). One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the specificity of a particular probe or primer increases with its length. Thus, to obtain greater specificity, probes and primers can be selected that comprise at least 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50 or more consecutive nucleotides of a target nucleotide sequence. For PCR amplifications of the polynucleotides disclosed herein, oligonucleotide primers can be designed for use in PCR reactions to amplify corresponding DNA sequences from cDNA or genomic DNA extracted from any organism of interest. Methods for designing PCR primers and PCR cloning are generally known in the art and are disclosed in Sambrook et al. (2001) Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual (3rd ed., Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Plainview, New York). See also Innis et al., eds. (1990) PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications (Academic Press, New York); Innis and Gelfand, eds. (1995) PCR Strategies (Academic Press, New York); and Innis and Gelfand, eds. (1999) PCR Methods Manual (Academic Press, New York). Known methods of PCR include, but are not limited to, methods using paired primers, nested primers, single specific primers, degenerate primers, gene-specific primers, vector- specific primers, partially mismatched primers, and the like. As used herein, the term “variety” or “cultivar” means a group of similar plants that byAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 structural features and performance can be identified from other varieties within the same species. The term “variety” as used herein has identical meaning to the corresponding definition in the International Convention for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV treaty), of Dec.2, 1961, as Revised at Geneva on Nov.10, 1972, on Oct.23, 1978, and on Mar.19, 1991. Thus, “variety” means a plant grouping within a single botanical taxon of the lowest known rank, which grouping, irrespective of whether the conditions for the grant of a breeder's right are fully met, can be i) defined by the expression of the characteristics resulting from a given genotype or combination of genotypes, ii) distinguished from any other plant grouping by the expression of at least one of the said characteristics and iii) considered as a unit with regard to its suitability for being propagated unchanged. As used herein, the term “vector”, “plasmid”, or “construct” refers broadly to any plasmid or virus encoding an exogenous nucleic acid. The term should also be construed to include non-plasmid and non-viral compounds which facilitate transfer of nucleic acid into virions or cells, such as, for example, polylysine compounds and the like. The vector may be a viral vector that is suitable as a delivery vehicle for delivery of the nucleic acid, or mutant thereof, to a cell, or the vector may be a non-viral vector which is suitable for the same purpose. Examples of viral and non-viral vectors for delivery of DNA to cells and tissues are well known in the art and are described, for example, in Ma et al. (1997, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 94:12744-12746). Examples of viral vectors include, but are not limited to, recombinant plant viruses. Non-limiting examples of plant viruses include, TMV-mediated (transient) transfection into tobacco (Tuipe, T-H et al (1993), J. Virology Meth, 42: 227-239), ssDNA genomes viruses (e.g., family Geminiviridae), reverse transcribing viruses (e.g., families Caulimoviridae, Pseudoviridae, and Metaviridae), dsNRA viruses (e.g., families Reoviridae and Partitiviridae), (-) ssRNA viruses (e.g., families Rhabdoviridae and Bunyaviridae), (+) ssRNA viruses (e.g., families Bromoviridae, Closteroviridae, Comoviridae, Luteoviridae, Potyviridae, Sequiviridae and Tombusviridae) and viroids (e.g., families Pospiviroldae and Avsunviroidae). Detailed classification information of plant viruses can be found in Fauquet et al (2008, "Geminivirus strain demarcation and nomenclature". Archives of Virology 153:783–821, incorporated herein by reference in its entirety), and Khan et al. (Plant viruses as molecular pathogens; Publisher Routledge, 2002, ISBN 1560228954, 9781560228950). Examples of non-viral vectors include, but are not limited to, liposomes, polyamine derivatives of DNA, and the like.Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 Also, “vector” is defined to include, inter alia, any plasmid, cosmid, phage or Agrobacterium binary vector in double or single stranded linear or circular form which may or may not be self-transmissible or mobilizable, and which can transform prokaryotic or eukaryotic host either by integration into the cellular genome or exist extrachromosomally (e.g., autonomous replicating plasmid with an origin of replication). Specifically included are shuttle vectors by which is meant a DNA vehicle capable, naturally or by design, of replication in two different host organisms, which may be selected from actinomycetes and related species, bacteria and eukaryotic (e.g., higher plant, mammalian, yeast or fungal cells). The nucleic acid in the vector is under the control of, and operably linked to, an appropriate promoter or other regulatory elements for transcription in a host cell such as a microbial, e.g., bacterial, or plant cell. The vector may be a bi-functional expression vector which functions in multiple hosts. In the case of genomic DNA, this may contain its own promoter or other regulatory elements and in the case of cDNA this may be under the control of an appropriate promoter or other regulatory elements for expression in the host cell. As used herein, “Wild type” refers to a typical form of a plant or a gene as it most commonly occurs in nature. A “wild type VInv allele” is a naturally occurring VInv allele (e.g., as found within naturally occurring S. tuberosum plants) that encodes a functional VInv protein, while a “non-functional mutant VInv allele” is a VInv allele that does not encode a functional VInv protein. Such a “non-functional mutant VInv allele” can include one or more mutations in its nucleic acid sequence, where the mutation(s) result in no detectable amount of functional VInv protein in the plant or plant cell in vivo. General methods in molecular and cellular biochemistry can be found in such standard textbooks as Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, 3rd Ed. (Sambrook et al., Harbor Laboratory Press 2001); Short Protocols in Molecular Biology, 4th Ed. (Ausubel et al. eds., John Wiley & Sons 1999); Protein Methods (Bollag et al., John Wiley & Sons 1996); Nonviral Vectors for Gene Therapy (Wagner et al. eds., Academic Press 1999); Viral Vectors (Kaplift & Loewy eds., Academic Press 1995); Immunology Methods Manual (I. Lefkovits ed., Academic Press 1997); and Cell and Tissue Culture: Laboratory Procedures in Biotechnology (Doyle & Griffiths, John Wiley & Sons 1998), the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference.Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 Modifications of Potatoes and Potato Parts

[0468] In some embodiments, potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprises one or more genetic modifications. Genetic modifications may be generated by modification of any nucleic acid sequence or genetic element by insertion, deletion, or substitution of one or more nucleotides in a nucleic acid molecule. This can occur by a replacement of at least one nucleotide, a mutation of at least one nucleotide, an insertion of at least one nucleotide, a chemical alteration of at least one nucleotide, or a combination thereof as long as the result is a detectable (e.g., by PCR, DNA sequencing, chromatography, etc.) change of nucleotide sequence compared to the sequence of the nucleic acid molecule prior to modification. Such modifications can be achieved by any of several well-known methods known in the art including, but not limited to, random mutagenesis, genome editing, insertion of a recombinant nucleic acid, crossing of an unmodified plant with a modified plant to introduce the modification of the modified plant into the unmodified plant, and the like. A genetic modification may be naturally occurring or non-naturally occurring.

[0469] The genetic modifications described herein may be present in any known genetic element including, but not limited to, protein-coding sequences, non-protein-coding sequences, promoter regions, 5' untranslated leaders, genes, exons, introns, poly-A signal sequences, 3' untranslated regions, regions encoding small RNAs (such as microRNAs and small-interfering RNAs), and any other sequences that affect transcription or translation of one or more nucleic acid sequences. In some embodiments, genetic modifications may include, but are not limited to, modifying or replacing nucleotide sequences of interest (such as regulatory elements), gene disruption, gene knockout, gene knockdown, gene knock-in, gene silencing (including, e.g., by expressing an inverted repeat into a gene of interest), RNA interference (including, e.g., by insertion and / or expression of an RNA interference construct), modification of methylation status, modification of splicing sites, introducing alternate splicing sites, or any combination thereof. As used herein, gene disruption refers to the alteration or insertion of a sequence into a gene or locus that results in decreased expression (including non-expression or altered activity) of a functional protein gene product. A gene disruption may be achieved by introduction of a genetic modification in a protein-coding sequence, including, but not limited to, as a mis-sense or non-sense mutation, or an insertion, deletion, or substitution. As used herein, a knockout is a genetic modification wherein a gene or gene product has been rendered completely inoperative.Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 A knockout of a gene product may be achieved by introduction of a genetic modification in a protein-coding sequence of a gene or any non-protein-coding or regulatory sequence described herein. As used herein, a knockdown is a genetic modification wherein a gene or gene product has been rendered partially inoperative. A knockdown of a gene product may be achieved by introduction of a genetic modification in a protein-coding sequence of a gene or in a non-protein- coding or regulatory sequence, or insertion of a trans-acting element, such as a construct that expresses an inverted repeat of the gene product or a construct that expresses a DNA- or RNA- binding protein such as a transcriptional repressor which may include, for example, a deactivated targeted nuclease such as deactivated Cas9 (dCas9). As used herein, knock-in represents the replacement or insertion of a DNA sequence at a specific DNA locus in a cell. Knock-ins may include, but are not limited to, specific insertion of a heterologous amino acid coding sequence in a coding region of a gene, an insertion of a transcriptional regulatory element in a genetic locus, or any of several methods of inserting a DNA sequence into a call that are known to one of ordinary skill in the art.

[0470] In certain embodiments, the potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprises one or more mutations resulting in decreased or increased expression (including non-expression or altered activity) of a gene product of a genomic locus. In some embodiments, genetic modifications resulting in decreased or increased expression (including non-expression or altered activity) of a gene product or locus may include, but are not limited to, modification of an enhancer, modification of a promoter, modification of a 5’ untranslated leader, modification of a coding region, modification of a non-coding region, insertion and / or expression of an RNA interference construct that targets an mRNA, modification of a region encoding a small RNA, modification of methylation status of a genomic locus, expression of a repressor protein that targets a DNA or mRNA sequence, and any other sequences that affect transcription or translation of one or more nucleic acid sequences. In some embodiments, genetic modifications resulting in decreased expression (including non-expression or altered activity) of a gene product or locus may include, but are not limited to, modifying or replacing nucleotide sequences of interest (such as a regulatory elements), gene disruption, gene knockout, gene knockdown, gene knock-in, gene silencing (including, e.g., by inserting and / or expressing an inverted repeat into a gene of interest), RNA interference (including, e.g., by insertion and / or expression of an RNA interference construct), expression of a repressor protein (e.g. dCas9), modification ofAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 methylation status of gene loci, modification of splicing sites, introducing alternate splicing sites, or any combination thereof. As described herein, potato plants, plant parts, or plant cells generated using a guided endonuclease result in a plant, plant part, or plant cell that is non- transgenic. Given that the plants, plant parts, or plant cells do not carry any foreign DNA, they therefore may be considered by regulatory agencies as non-modified, which is different than as defined herein, or non-transgenic.

[0471] In some embodiments, provided herein is a potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprising a mutation in at least one VINV alleles, at least two VINV alleles, at least three VINV alleles or four VINV alleles, wherein the mutation was generated via a guided endonuclease, such that the VINV alleles of said potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprise at least one sequence, at least two sequences, at least three sequences or four sequences selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-148 and SEQ ID Nos: 170-229. Herein, the one or more VINV alleles, two or more VINV alleles, three or more VINV alleles or four VINV alleles are typically referred to as “Hap1,” “Hap2,” “Hap3,” “Hap4,” and “Hap5” referring to one, two, three or four of five VINV alleles on four different haplotypes. Also, as used herein, a potato plant, plant part, or plant cell having a mutation in at least one VINV alleles, at least two VINV alleles, at least three VINV alleles or four VINV alleles may be referred to, by way of example, as “Hap1”, “Hap1_Hap2”, “Hap1_Hap3”, “Hap1_Hap4”, “Hap2_Hap3”, “Hap2_Hap4” “Hap1_Hap2_Hap3”, “Hap1_Hap2__Hap4”, “Hap1__Hap3_Hap4”, “_Hap2_Hap3_Hap4”, “Hap1_Hap2_Hap3_Hap4”, or “Hap1_Hap2__Hap5 Hap5”. These sequences may comprise scars created by a guided endonuclease. In certain embodiments, the potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprises a mutation in one, two, three, or four VINV alleles. In additional embodiments, provided herein is a potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprising a mutation in one, two, three, or four VINV alleles, wherein each mutation was generated via a guided endonuclease, and wherein each mutation comprises mutation of one or more nucleotides corresponding to the editing window of SEQ ID NO: 169 when the modified VINV allele is aligned to SEQ ID NO: 169.

[0472] In certain embodiments, the VINV alleles comprise a set of one, two, three or four sequences comprising SEQ ID NOs: 1-4, SEQ ID NOs: 5-8, SEQ ID NOs: 9-12, SEQ ID NOs: 13-16, SEQ ID NOs: 17-20, SEQ ID NOs: 21-24, SEQ ID NOs: 25-28, SEQ ID NOs: 29-32, SEQ ID NOs: 33-36, SEQ ID NOs: 37-40, SEQ ID NOs: 41-44, SEQ ID NOs: 45-48, SEQ IDAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 NOs: 49-52, SEQ ID NOs: 53-56, SEQ ID NOs: 57-60, SEQ ID NOs: 61-64, SEQ ID NOs: 65- 68, SEQ ID NOs: 69-72, SEQ ID NOs: 73-76, SEQ ID NOs: 77-80, SEQ ID NOs: 81-84, SEQ ID NOs: 85-88, SEQ ID NOs: 89-92, SEQ ID NOs: 93-96, SEQ ID NOs: 97-100, SEQ ID NOs: 101-104, SEQ ID NOs: 105-108, SEQ ID NOs: 109-112, SEQ ID NOs: 113-116, SEQ ID NOs: 117-120, SEQ ID NOs: 121-124, SEQ ID NOs: 125-128, SEQ ID NOs: 129-132, SEQ ID NOs: 133-136, SEQ ID NOs: 137-140, SEQ ID NOs: 141-144, SEQ ID NOs: 145-148, SEQ ID NOs: 170-173, SEQ ID NOs: 174-177, SEQ ID NOs: 178-181, SEQ ID NOs: 182-185, SEQ ID NOs: 186-189, SEQ ID NOs: 190-193, SEQ ID NOs: 194-197, SEQ ID NOs: 198-201, SEQ ID NOs: 202-205, SEQ ID NOs: 206-209, SEQ ID NOs: 210-213, SEQ ID NOs: 214-217, SEQ ID NOs: 218-221, SEQ ID NOs: 222-225, and SEQ ID NOs: 226-229.

[0473] In some embodiments, the endonuclease targets a protospacer sequence utilizing a guide RNA. Protospacer and guide RNA selection is determined by editing efficiency. One of ordinary skill in the art would be able to select an appropriate protospacer and guide RNA to achieve optimal editing efficiency of the target gene. In some embodiments, the endonuclease targets a protospacer comprising a sequence selected from the group composed of SEQ ID NO: 149-158. In some embodiments, the protospacer sequence comprises SEQ ID NO: 149. In certain embodiments, the endonuclease utilizes a guide RNA comprising a sequence selected from the group composed of SEQ ID NO: 159-168. In some embodiments, the guide RNA sequence comprises SEQ ID NO: 159. In any of the above embodiments, the sequence may have at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, or at least 95% identity to the SEQ ID NO.

[0474] In genetic and phenotypic assays described herein, the modified potato plants, plant parts, or plant cells can be compared to a control plant, plant part, or plant cell. The control plant should lack one or more, or all, of the deletions, inversions, or duplications in the VINV alleles. The control plant may also be of the same breeding line as the modified potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell. In some embodiments, the control plant is unedited. In certain embodiments, the control plant is wildtype. In some embodiments, the control plant is a null segregant.

[0475] In some embodiments, the decreased expression is of the VINV gene product. In certain embodiments, the decreased expression of the VINV gene product may result from a deletion, duplication, or inversion. In some embodiments, the expression of the VINV gene product may be decreased by at least 50%, at least 85%, at least 95%, at least 99%, or 100% (e.g., no VINV protein is expressed or only a non-functional truncated form). In certainAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 embodiments, the decreased expression of VINV gene occurs throughout the entirety of the plant. As used herein, VINV gene product can include RNA and / or protein levels. Plants and Plant Parts

[0476] Modified potato plants can be obtained from a modified potato seed. Modified potato plant parts can be obtained by cutting, snapping, grinding or otherwise disassociating the part from the potato plant. The potato plant part may be any plant part known in the art, including, but not limited to, a flower, a pistil, a leaf, a stem, a petiole, a cutting, a tissue, a seed coat, an ovule, a microspore, a pollen, a tuber, a stolon, a meristem, a root, a rootstock, a scion, a fruit, a cotyledon, a hypocotyl, a protoplast, an embryo, an anther, a seed, or any portion thereof. In certain embodiments, a modified potato plant part provided herein is a non-regenerable portion of a modified potato plant part. As used in this context, a “non-regenerable” portion of a modified potato plant part refers to a portion that cannot be induced to form a whole potato plant or that cannot be induced to form a whole potato plant (e.g., through in vitro culture) that is capable of sexual and / or asexual reproduction. A non-regenerable portion of a modified potato plant part may be a portion of a flower, a pistil, a leaf, a stem, a petiole, a cutting, a tissue, a seed coat, an ovule, a microspore, a pollen, a tuber, a stolon, a root, a rootstock, a scion, a fruit, a cotyledon, a hypocotyl, a protoplast, an embryo, an anther, or any portion thereof.

[0477] In some embodiments, a non-regenerable or non-propagating potato plant cell is provided herein. As used in this context, a “non-regenerable plant cell” is a cell which cannot be regenerated into a whole potato plant that is capable of sexual and / or asexual reproduction through in vitro culture. The non-regenerable potato cell may be in a potato plant or plant part described herein. The non-regenerable potato cell may be a cell in a seed, or in the seedcoat of said seed. Mature potato plant organs, including a mature leaf, a mature stem or a mature root, contain at least one non-regenerable cell. In certain embodiments, the non-regenerable potato plant cell is a somatic cell.

[0478] Also provided herein is a potato cell culture or tissue culture of non-regenerable or regenerable potato cells or tissue of a potato plant or modified plant part described herein, wherein the non-regenerable or regenerable potato cells comprise one or more genetic modifications resulting in decreased expression of one or more VINV loci described herein. Preferably, the regenerable potato cells are derived from embryos, protoplasts, meristematic cells, callus, microspores, pollen, leaves, tubers, microtubers, stolons, anthers, stems, petioles,Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 roots, root tips, fruits, seeds, flowers, cotyledons, and / or hypocotyls of a modified potato plant or a modified plant part described herein.

[0479] In some embodiments, provided herein is a processed potato product derived from a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell described herein comprising or more modifications or mutations resulting in decreased expression of one or more VINV loci. In certain embodiments, the processed potato product contains sufficient nucleic acid (e.g., DNA or RNA) and / or protein material from the modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell to detect nucleic acid and / or protein sequences corresponding to the one, two, three or four haplotypes, the one or more modifications mutations resulting in decreased expression of one or more VINV loci, or both. In some embodiments, the processed potato product is non-regenerable, i.e., cannot be induced to form a whole potato plant or that cannot be induced to form a whole potato plant that is capable of sexual and / or asexual reproduction.

[0480] A processed potato product may be a seed, a tuber, a microtuber, plant tissue, a fruit, a grain, a root, a stolon, a vegetable, or any potato plant part described herein, and may be blended as a commodity or other product which moves through commerce and is derived from a mutation or modified potato plant or a plant part. In some embodiments, the commodity or other product can be tracked through commerce by detecting nucleic acid and / or protein sequences of the modified potato plant or plant part from which they were obtained. In certain embodiments, the processed potato product comprises a detectable amount of nucleotide and / or protein sequences corresponding to the one or more modifications or mutations resulting in decreased expression of one or more VINV loci. In certain embodiments, the commodity or other potato product is produced in or maintained in the modified potato plant or plant part from which the commodity or other product has been obtained. Such commodities or other products of commerce include, but are not limited to, potato plant parts, biomass, oil, meal, food starch, syrup, sugar, animal feed, flour, flakes, processed seed, seed, potato fries (French fries), wedges, shredded potato products (e.g., hash browns, tater tots), baked potatoes, fresh potatoes, mashed potatoes, dehydrated potatoes, pellets, abraded peels, steamed peels, potato slurry, puree, filter cake, gray starch, screen solids, pulp, potato protein concentrate, culled fries, culled crisps, crowns, batter, crumbles, nubbins, or fermented for alcoholic beverage production. The processed potato product may be a food product that is processed by any means known in the art, e.g., canned, steamed, boiled, fried, blanched and / or frozen etc. The potato product may beAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 produced for any purpose or industry, including but not limited to human consumption, animal consumption, dietary supplement, food product ingredient, pharmaceutical, textile, wood, paper, adhesive, binder, texture agent, filler, washing of boreholes or biofuel production.

[0481] The potato products described herein may include potato food products, such as chips and / or fries. Industry standard methods to generate chips and fries are well known in the art. To create chips, tubers can be cut from bud end to stem end longitudinally. In some embodiments, 4-5 chips are created from each half of the tuber. In certain embodiments, the chips are about 1 mm thick. In certain embodiments, the chips are sliced using a Mandolin slicer.

[0482] In certain embodiments, which may be combined with any of the previous embodiments, the potato plant part is a flower, a pistil, a leaf, a stem, a petiole, a cutting, a tissue, a seed coat, an ovule, a microspore, a pollen, a tuber, a stolon, a meristem, a root, a rootstock, a scion, a fruit, a cotyledon, a hypocotyl, a protoplast, an embryo, an anther, or a portion thereof.

[0483] In some embodiments, provided herein is a processed potato product derived from the potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of any one of the preceding embodiments. In certain embodiments, the product is selected from the group consisting of potato biomass, oil, meal, animal feed, flour, flakes, and processed seed. In some embodiments, the processed potato product is non-regenerable. In certain embodiments, the processed potato product contains sufficient nucleic acid (e.g., DNA or RNA) and / or protein material from the modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell to detect nucleic acid and / or protein sequences corresponding to the one, two, three or four haplotypes, the one or more genetic modifications resulting in decreased expression of one or more VINV loci, or both.

[0484] In some embodiments, the potato plant, plant part, or plant cell is derived from a particular breeding line. This breeding line may be selected from a group consisting of Russet Burbank and Atlantic. In certain embodiments, the modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell is derived from the Russet Burbank variety. In certain embodiments, the modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell is derived from the Atlantic variety. Plant Harvesting and Storage

[0485] In some embodiments, modified potato tubers were harvested from modified potato plants. Potato tubers may be harvested between about 5 and 15 days (e.g., about 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, or 15 days, e.g., about 10 days) after vine killing. In certain embodiments, potato tuber size is assessed with potato sizing squares. Potato tubers can be A-size (diameter >4.8 cm),Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 B-size (3.8 cm< diameter < 4.8 cm) or C-size (diameter <3.8cm). In certain embodiments, potato tubers selected for further processing were A-size with little or no external defects.

[0486] In certain embodiments, harvested potato tubers undergo cold storage. Cold storage conditions are variety / processor specific, with temperatures ranging from 3° C to 13° C. Cold storage conditions may initially be about 55 degrees Fahrenheit and about 95% relative humidity. This initial cold storage period can last for about 2 weeks before the temperature ramps down to about 4 degrees Celsius. In some embodiments, the rate of temperature change is 0.5 degrees Fahrenheit every 12 hours. Potato plants, plant parts, or plant cells that have been removed after cold storage have undergone “chilling” for at least two weeks, at least four weeks, at least eight weeks, at least sixteen weeks, at least twenty-four weeks, or at least thirty-two weeks. In other embodiments, the potato plants, plant parts, or plant cells that have been removed after cold storage have undergone “chilling” for two weeks, four weeks, eight weeks, sixteen weeks, twenty-four weeks, or thirty-two weeks. Tuber Sugar Profile

[0487] In some embodiments, a tuber sugar profile is obtained from the modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell. In certain embodiments, the tuber sugar profile obtained from said plant comprises a lower level of glucose and / or fructose compared to a tuber sugar profile obtained from a control plant. In some embodiments, the tuber sugar profile obtained from said plant comprises a higher level of sucrose compared to a tuber sugar profile obtained from a control plant. In certain embodiments, the percent increase of sucrose in the potato plant, plant part, or plant cell does not exceed 200%, does not exceed 100%, does not exceed 50%, or does not exceed 25% compared to a tuber sugar profile obtained from a control plant. In some embodiments, the tuber sugar profile obtained from said plant comprises a lower level of glucose compared to a tuber sugar profile obtained from a control plant, e.g., after chilling for sixteen weeks. In certain embodiments, the percent decrease of in the potato plant, plant part, or plant cell is at least 10% lower, at least 20% lower, at least 30% lower, at least 40% lower, at least 50% lower, at least 60% lower, at least 70% lower, at least 80% lower, or at least 90% lower as compared to a tuber sugar profile obtained from a control plant. In some embodiments, the tuber sugar profile obtained from said plant comprises a lower level of fructose compared to a tuber sugar profile obtained from a control plant, e.g., after chilling for sixteen weeks. In certain embodiments, the percent decrease of fructose in the modified potato plant, plant part, or plantAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 cell is at least 10% lower, at least 20% lower, at least 30% lower, at least 40% lower, at least 50% lower, at least 60% lower, at least 70% lower, at least 80% lower, or at least 90% lower as compared to a tuber sugar profile obtained from a control plant.

[0488] Tuber sugar profiles may be obtained via various methods known to those skilled in the art. In some embodiments, the tuber sugar profiles are obtained using a colorimetric assay. In other embodiments, the tuber sugar profiles are obtained using industry-standard high pressure liquid chromatography, for example, as described in (“HPLC determination of fructose, glucose, and sucrose in potatoes." Journal of Food Science 46.1 (1981): 300-301). Tuber sugar profiles may be obtained at any time post-harvest. In certain embodiments, the tuber sugar profiles are obtained at harvest. In some embodiments, the tuber sugar profiles are obtained after the tubers have undergone cold storage. Tuber Acrylamide Levels

[0489] In some embodiments, the modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell contains a lower level of acrylamide compared to a control potato plant, plant part, or plant cell. Controlling the acrylamide formation during heat processing of a potato is particularly important when the potato has been subjected to cold storage for any period of time. In certain embodiments, the post-chilling (e.g., after sixteen weeks of chilling) acrylamide levels are at least 50%, at least 75%, at least 85%, at least 95%, or at least 99% lower than those of a control potato plant, plant part, or plant cell. The acrylamide levels can be measured at any time post-harvest. In certain embodiments, acrylamide levels are determined post-chilling. In further embodiments, the acrylamide levels are obtained from a potato food product. Routine techniques known in the art can be used to determine the acrylamide levels. For example, a combination of mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography can be used to detect acrylamide. [doi DOT org SLASH 10.3390 SLASH foods10092038 for more details]

[0490] The assaying of the level of acrylamide in the potato product can further comprise comparing the acrylamide level of a potato product derived from a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell and which has been subjected to cold storage for a period of at least sixteen weeks to an acrylamide level in a control potato product from a control potato plant. When assayed, potato products derived from a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell will exhibit at least a 5 fold reduction, at least a 6 fold reduction, at least a 7 fold reduction, at least a 8 fold reduction, at least a 9 fold reduction, at least a 10 fold reduction, at least a 11 foldAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 reduction, at least a 12 fold reduction, at least a 13 fold reduction, at least a 14 fold reduction, at least a 15 fold reduction, at least a 20 fold reduction, at least a 25 fold reduction, at least a 30 fold reduction, at least a 35 fold reduction, at least a 40 fold reduction, at least a 45 fold reduction, at least a 50 fold reduction, at least a 55 fold reduction, at least a 60 fold reduction, at least a 65 fold reduction, at least a 70 fold reduction, at least a 75 fold reduction, at least a 80 fold reduction, at least a 85 fold reduction, at least a 90 fold reduction, at least a 95 fold reduction, at least a 100 fold reduction, at least a 150 fold reduction, at least a 200 fold reduction, at least a 250 fold reduction, at least a 300 fold reduction, at least a 350 fold reduction, at least a 400 fold reduction, at least a 450 fold reduction, or at least a 500 fold reduction in the level of acrylamide when compared to a potato product from a control potato plant. More specifically, cold storage can last for at least two weeks, at least four weeks, at least eight weeks, at least sixteen weeks, at least twenty-four weeks, or at least thirty-two weeks. In other embodiments, alternatively, the potato products derived from a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell and which have been subjected to cold storage for a period of at least two hours when assayed exhibit a 5 to 500 fold reduction, a 5 to 450 fold reduction, a 5 to 400 fold reduction, a 5 to 400 fold reduction, a 5 to 350 fold reduction, a 5 to 300 fold reduction, a 5 to 250 fold reduction, a 5 to 200 fold reduction, a 5 to 150 fold reduction, a 5 to 100 fold reduction, a 5 to 95 fold reduction, a 5 to 90 fold reduction, a 5 to 85 fold reduction, a 5 to 80 fold reduction, a 5 to 75 fold reduction, a 5 to 70 fold reduction, a 5 to 65 fold reduction, a 5 to 60 fold reduction, a 5 to 55 fold reduction, a 5 to 50 fold reduction, a 5 to 45 fold reduction, a 5 to 40 fold reduction, a 5 to 35 fold reduction, a 5 to 30 fold reduction, a 5 to 25 fold reduction, a 5 to 20 fold reduction, a 5 to 15 fold reduction, a 5 to 10 fold reduction, a 10 to 500 fold reduction, a 10 to 450 fold reduction, a 10 to 400 fold reduction, a 10 to 400 fold reduction, a 10 to 350 fold reduction, a 10 to 300 fold reduction, a 10 to 250 fold reduction, a 10 to 200 fold reduction, a 10 to 150 fold reduction, a 10 to 100 fold reduction, a 10 to 95 fold reduction, a 10 to 90 fold reduction, a 10 to 85 fold reduction, a 10 to 80 fold reduction, a 10 to 75 fold reduction, a 10 to 70 fold reduction, a 10 to 65 fold reduction, a 10 to 60 fold reduction, a 10 to 55 fold reduction, a 10 to 50 fold reduction, a 10 to 45 fold reduction, a 10 to 40 fold reduction, a 10 to 35 fold reduction, a 10 to 30 fold reduction, a 10 to 25 fold reduction, a 10 to 20 fold reduction, or a 10 to 15 fold reduction in the level of acrylamide when compared to a potato product from a control potato plant. More specifically, cold storage can be for a period of at least three hours, at least fourAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 hours, at least five hours, at least six hours, at least eight hours, at least ten hours, at least 12 hours, at least 18 hours, at least 24 hours, at least 30 hours, at least 36 hours or longer. Still further alternatively, the potato products derived from a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell and which has been subjected to cold storage for a period of at least two hours when assayed exhibit levels of acrylamide 25% to 75% less, 25% to 70% less, 25% to 65% less, 25% to 60% less, 25% to 55% less, 25% to 55% less, 25% to 50% less, 25% to 45% less, 25% to 40% less, 25 to 35% less, 30% to 75% less, 30% to 70% less, 30% to 65% less, 30% to 60% less, 30% to 55% less, 30% to 55% less, 30% to 50% less, 30% to 45% less, 25% to 40% less, 30% to 35% less, 35% to 75% less, 35% to 70% less, 35% to 65% less, 35% to 60% less, 35% to 55% less, 35% to 55% less, 35% to 50% less, 35% to 45% less, 35% to 40% less, 40% to 75% less, 40% to 70% less, 40% to 65% less, 40% to 60% less, 40% to 55% less, 40% to 55% less, 40% to 50% less, 40% to 45% less, 45% to 75% less, 45% to 70% less, 45% to 65% less, 45% to 60% less, 45% to 55% less, 45% to 55% less, 45% to 50%, 50% to 75% less, 50% to 70% less, 50% to 65% less, 50% to 60% less, or 50% to 55% less, when compared to a potato product from a control potato plant. More specifically, cold storage can be for a period of for a period of at least three hours, at least four hours, at least five hours, at least six hours, at least eight hours, at least ten hours, at least 12 hours, at least 18 hours, at least 24 hours, at least 30 hours, at least 36 hours, or longer.

[0491] Additionally, it is also believed that when assayed as described above, potato products derived from a modified or mutated potato plant, plant part, or plant cell and which has been subjected to cold storage for a period of at least two hours will exhibit levels of acrylamide less than 500 ppb (mg / Kg), less than 400 ppb (mg / Kg), less then 300 ppb (mg / Kg), less then 200 ppb (mg / Kg), or less than less then 100 ppb (mg / Kg). Alternatively, when assayed, the potato products derived from a potato plant produced by the above method will exhibit levels of acrylamide between about 90 ppb (mg / Kg) to about 500 ppb (mg / Kg), about 100 ppb (mg / Kg) to about 500 ppb (mg / Kg), about 200 ppb (mg / Kg) to about 500 ppb (mg / Kg), about 250 ppb (mg / Kg) to about 500 ppb (mg / Kg), about 100 ppb (mg / Kg) to about 300 ppb (mg / Kg), about 100 ppb (mg / Kg) to about 250 ppb (mg / Kg), about 200 ppb (mg / Kg) to about 300 ppb (mg / Kg), about 250 ppb (mg / Kg) to about 300 ppb (mg / Kg), about 300 ppb (mg / Kg) to about 500 ppb (mg / Kg), or about 400 ppb (mg / Kg) to about 500 ppb (mg / Kg). More specifically, cold storage can be for a period of at least three hours, at least four hours, at least five hours, at least sixAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 hours, at least eight hours, at least ten hours, at least 12 hours, at least 18 hours, at least 24 hours, at least 30 hours, at least 36 hours, or longer. Additionally, it is also believed that when assayed as described above, potato products derived from a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell which have been subjected to or stored at room temperature conditions can exhibit levels of acrylamide less than 1100 ppb (mg / Kg), less than 1000 ppb (mg / Kg), less than 900 ppb (mg / Kg), less than 800 ppb (mg / Kg), less than 700 ppb (mg / Kg), less than 600 ppb (mg / Kg), or less than 500 ppb (mg / Kg). Alternatively, when assayed, the potato products derived from a potato plant produced by the above method will exhibit levels of acrylamide between about 400 ppb (mg / Kg) to about 1100 ppb (mg / Kg), about 400 ppb (mg / Kg) to about 1000 ppb (mg / Kg), about 400 ppb (mg / Kg) to about 900 ppb (mg / Kg), about 400 ppb (mg / Kg) to about 800 ppb (mg / Kg), about 400 ppb (mg / Kg) to about 700 ppb (mg / Kg), about 500 ppb (mg / Kg) to about 1100 ppb (mg / Kg), about 500 ppb (mg / Kg) to about 1000 ppb (mg / Kg), about 500 ppb (mg / Kg) to about 900 ppb (mg / Kg), about 500 ppb (mg / Kg) to about 800 ppb (mg / Kg), or about 500 ppb (mg / Kg) to about 750 ppb (mg / Kg).

[0492] The assaying of the level of acrylamide in the potato product can further comprise comparing the acrylamide level of a potato product derived from a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell and which has been stored or subjected to room temperature conditions with an acrylamide level in a control potato product from a control potato plant. When assayed, potato products derived from a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell will exhibit at least a 1 fold reduction, at least a 2 fold reduction, at least a 3 fold reduction, at least a 4 fold reduction, at least a 5 fold reduction, at least a 6 fold reduction, at least a 7 fold reduction, at least a 8 fold reduction, at least a 9 fold reduction, at least a 10 fold reduction, at least a 11 fold reduction, at least a 12 fold reduction, at least a 13 fold reduction, at least a 14 fold reduction, or at least a 15 fold reduction in the level of acrylamide when compared to a potato product from a control potato plant.

[0493] Alternatively, the potato products derived from a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell which has been stored or subjected to room temperature conditions can exhibit a reduction of at least a 1 to 15 fold reduction, a 2 to 15 fold reduction, a 3 to 15 fold reduction, a 4 to 15 fold reduction, a 5 to 15 fold reduction, a 1 to 14 fold reduction, a 2 to 14 fold reduction, a 3 to 14 fold reduction, a 4 to 14 fold reduction, a 5 to 14 fold reduction, a 1 to 13 fold reduction, a 2 to 13 fold reduction, a 3 to 13 fold reduction, a 4 to 13 fold reduction, a 5 to 15 foldAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 reduction, a 1 to 12 fold reduction, a 2 to 12 fold reduction, a 3 to 12 fold reduction, a 4 to 12 fold reduction, a 5 to 12 fold reduction, a 1 to 11 fold reduction, a 2 to 11 fold reduction, a 3 to 11 fold reduction, a 4 to 11 fold reduction, a 5 to 11 fold reduction, a 1 to 10 fold reduction, a 2 to 10 fold reduction, a 3 to 10 fold reduction, a 4 to 10 fold reduction, or a 5 to 10 fold reduction in the level of acrylamide when compared to a potato product from a control potato plant.

[0494] Still further alternatively, the potato products derived from a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell which has been stored or subjected to room temperature conditions can have levels of acrylamide 25% to 75% less, 25% to 70% less, 25% to 65% less, 25% to 60% less, 25% to 55% less, 25% to 55% less, 25% to 50% less, 25% to 45% less, 25% to 40% less, 25 to 35% less, 30% to 75% less, 30% to 70% less, 30% to 65% less, 30% to 60% less, 30% to 55% less, 30% to 55% less, 30% to 50% less, 30% to 45% less, 25% to 40% less, 30% to 35% less, 35% to 75% less, 35% to 70% less, 35% to 65% less, 35% to 60% less, 35% to 55% less, 35% to 55% less, 35% to 50% less, 35% to 45% less, 35% to 40% less, 40% to 75% less, 40% to 70% less, 40% to 65% less, 40% to 60% less, 40% to 55% less, 40% to 55% less, 40% to 50% less, 40% to 45% less, 45% to 75% less, 45% to 70% less, 45% to 65% less, 45% to 60% less, 45% to 55% less, 45% to 55% less, 45% to 50%, 50% to 75% less, 50% to 70% less, 50% to 65% less, 50% to 60% less, or 50% to 55% less, when compared to a potato product from a control potato plant or a sweet potato product from a control sweet potato plant.

[0495] The above methods (both the cold storage and room temperature) can further comprise heat processing the potato into a crisp, chip, French fry, potato stick or shoestring potato, or other edible potato product. Chip Color

[0496] In some embodiments, potato products produced from a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell have a lighter color than those produced from a control plant. When determining chip color, tubers can be cut from bud end to stem end longitudinally.4-5 chips that are 1mm thick can be created from each half of the tuber to have 8-10 slices in total with a Mandolin slicer. The chip slices can be fried in customized baskets with peanut oil at about 360 degrees Fahrenheit for about 2 minutes and 10 seconds. Chips can then be crushed into particle sizes into a measuring utensil for chip color quantification immediately after frying and cooling through reflectance using a Konica Minolta CR410 colorimeter (Konica Minolta, NJ, USA). Readings can be obtained on the Hunter Lab color space L, a, and b. L is the relative lightness, aAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 is the color range between red and green, and b is the range between yellow and blue. Color of potato products can then be reported as a chip lightness score. Chip color may be determined at harvest, post-cold storage, or at any intervening timepoint.

[0497] In certain embodiments, a potato product produced from a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell has a chip lightness score between 25 to 100% greater than those produced from a control plant. In some embodiments, a potato product produced from a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell has a chip lightness score at least 10% greater, at least 20% greater, at least 30% greater, at least 40% greater, at least 50% greater, at least 60% greater, at least 70% greater, at least 80% greater, at least 90% greater, at least 100% greater, at least 200% greater, at least 300% greater, at least 400% greater, at least 500% greater, at least 1000% greater, at least 5000% greater, or at least 10000% greater, than those produced from a control plant. In some embodiments, a potato product produced from a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell has a chip lightness score greater than 63.

[0498] In some embodiments, the chip lightness score of a potato product produced from a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprising mutations in one, two, three, or four VINV alleles is lighter than the chip lightness score of a potato product produced from a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprising mutations in all 4 VINV alleles. Methods of Producing Modified Potatoes

[0499] In yet another aspect, provided herein are methods of producing modified potato plants, plant parts, or plant cells. In some embodiments, a method of producing a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprising providing to the plant, plant part, or plant cell a guided endonuclease and generating a mutation in at least one VINV alleles, at least two VINV alleles, at least three VINV alleles, or four VINV alleles is provided herein. In some embodiments, provided herein are methods of producing a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprising generating a mutation, such as, but not limited to, a deletion, edit, phase shift, inversion, or duplication in all at least one VINV alleles, at least two VINV alleles, at least three VINV alleles, or four VINV alleles, further comprising generating the mutation, using a guided endonuclease, and wherein the endonuclease targets a protospacer sequence comprising chosen from SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, SEQ ID NO: 151 SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, SEQ ID NO: 157, and SEQ ID NO: 158, or a sequence having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, or at least 95%Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 identity to SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, SEQ ID NO: 151 SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, SEQ ID NO: 157, or SEQ ID NO: 158. In another aspect, provided herein are methods of producing a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprising providing to the plant, plant part, or plant cell a guided endonuclease and generating a mutation in at least one VINV alleles, at least two VINV alleles, at least three VINV alleles, or four VINV alleles, wherein each mutation was generated via a guided endonuclease, and wherein each mutation comprises mutation of one or more nucleotides corresponding to the editing window of SEQ ID NO: 169 when the modified VINV allele is aligned to SEQ ID NO: 169. In some embodiments, the guided endonuclease is a Cas protein. Breeding Potato Lines

[0500] In some embodiments, the method of breeding a polyploid hybrid potato line comprising one or more edits to the VINV alleles comprises breeding the lines using traditional plant breeding methods to produce a set of candidate lines of potato. The method may comprise breeding the lines using any traditional plant breeding method known in the art or described herein. In some embodiments, the breeding of the lines comprises reciprocal recurrent selection. In additional embodiments, the breeding of the lines comprises inbreeding one or more of the lines to homozygosity. In some variations, the breeding of the lines comprises crossing, selfing (self-pollinating), and backcrossing the lines to produce candidate lines. In additional variations, the breeding of the lines comprises crossing pairs of the lines to generate an F1 (first filial) generation, followed by several generations of selfing (generating F2, F3, etc.). In yet additional variations, the breeding of the lines comprises backcrossing (BC) steps, whereby the offspring is backcrossed to one of the parental lines, termed the recurrent parent.

[0501] There are numerous steps that may be taken in breeding the lines of potato using traditional plant breeding methods to produce a set of candidate lines of potato. The choice of breeding method depends on the mode of plant reproduction and the heritability of the trait(s) being improved. Backcross breeding may be used to transfer one or a few favorable genes for a highly heritable trait into a desirable line. This approach has been used extensively for breeding disease-resistant lines. Various recurrent selection techniques may be used to improve quantitatively inherited traits controlled by numerous genes. The use of recurrent selection in self-pollinating crops depends on the ease of pollination, the frequency of successful hybrids from each pollination, and the number of hybrid offspring from each successful cross. A breederAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 can initially select and cross two or more parental lines, followed by repeated selfing and selection, producing many new genetic combinations. Moreover, a breeder can generate multiple different genetic combinations by crossing, selfing, generating mutations, or any combination thereof. A plant breeder can then select which lines to select as candidate lines. Recurrent selection techniques are reviewed in Vasal et al. (2004. Population Improvement Strategies for Crop Improvement. In: Plant Breeding. Springer, p 391-406).

[0502] The development of candidate lines for the methods described herein may include obtaining parental lines, crossing of these lines, and evaluating the crosses. Pedigree breeding and recurrent selection breeding methods may be used to develop candidate lines from breeding populations. Breeding programs may combine desirable traits from two or more varieties or various broad-based sources into breeding pools from which lines are developed by selfing and selection of desired phenotypes. The new lines may be further crossed with other lines and the hybrids from these crosses may be evaluated for potential selection as candidate lines.

[0503] Choice of breeding or selection methods depends on the mode of plant reproduction and the heritability of the trait(s) being improved. For highly heritable traits, a choice of superior individual plants evaluated at a single location will be effective, whereas for traits with low heritability, selection should be based on mean values obtained from replicated evaluations of families of related plants. Popular selection methods commonly include pedigree selection, modified pedigree selection, mass selection, and recurrent selection.

[0504] In some embodiments, the breeding of the potato lines comprises inbreeding one or more of the lines to homozygosity. In some variations, inbreeding a potato line to homozygosity may comprise selfing plants of the line for two or more generations, such as for five to seven generations, to produce an inbred or homozygous potato line. Homozygous potato lines may also be developed by the production of double haploids. Double haploids are produced by generating a haploid plant from a heterozygous plant and the doubling of the genome of the haploid plant to produce a completely homozygous individual. The process of generating a haploid plant is also known as haploid induction. Haploid induction can be achieved in a variety of plants using methods well-known in the art and described herein. After a haploid plant is generated, genome doubling may occur spontaneously or may be achieved artificially using, for example, colchicine, amiprophos-mehtyl (APM), oryzalin, pronamide, trifluralin, or nitrous oxide. Methods of producing double haploids are well known in the literature, and examples areAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 described Wan, et al. (1989. Efficient production of doubled haploid plants through colchicine treatment of anther-derived maize callus. Theor. Appl. Genet., 77:889-892.) and Ren et al. (2017. Novel technologies in doubled haploid line development. Plant Biotechnol J 15, 1361-1370.) and references cited therein.

[0505] Pedigree breeding is used commonly for the improvement of self-pollinating crops or inbred lines of cross-pollinating crops. Two parents which possess favorable, complementary traits are crossed to produce an F1 population. An F2 population is produced by selfing one or several F1s or by intercrossing two F1s (sib mating). Selection of the best individuals may begin in the F2 population; then, beginning in the F3, the best individuals in the best families may be selected. Replicated testing of families, or hybrid combinations involving individuals of these families, may follow in the F4 generation to improve the effectiveness of selection for traits with low heritability. At an advanced stage of inbreeding (i.e., F6 and F7), the best lines or mixtures of phenotypically similar lines may be tested for potential selection as candidate lines.

[0506] Mass and recurrent selections can be used to improve lines of either self- or cross- pollinating crops. A genetically variable population of heterozygous individuals may be either identified or created by intercrossing several different parents. The best plants are selected based on individual superiority, outstanding progeny, or heterotic performance. The selected plants are intercrossed to produce a new population in which further cycles of selection are continued.

[0507] Backcross breeding may be used to transfer genes for a simply inherited, highly heritable trait into a desirable homozygous line that is the recurrent parent. The source of the trait to be transferred is called the donor parent. The resulting plant is expected to have the attributes of the recurrent parent and the desirable trait transferred from the donor parent. After the initial cross, individuals possessing the phenotype of the donor parent are selected and repeatedly crossed (backcrossed) to the recurrent parent. The resulting plant is expected to have the attributes of the recurrent parent (e.g., cultivar) and the desirable trait transferred from the donor parent.

[0508] The single-seed descent procedure in the strict sense refers to planting a segregating population, harvesting a sample of one seed per plant, and using the one-seed sample to plant the next generation. When the population has been advanced from the F2 to the desired level of inbreeding, the plants from which lines are derived will each trace to different F2 individuals. The number of plants in a population declines each generation due to failure of some seeds toAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 germinate or some plants to produce at least one seed. As a result, not all of the F2 plants originally sampled in the population will be represented by a progeny when generational advancement is completed.

[0509] In addition to phenotypic observations, the genotype of a plant can also be examined during breeding to produce candidate lines. There are many laboratory-based techniques available for the analysis, comparison and characterization of plant genotype; among these are Isozyme Electrophoresis, Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms (RFLPs), Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs), Arbitrarily Primed Polymerase Chain Reaction (AP- PCR), DNA Amplification Fingerprinting (DAF), Sequence Characterized Amplified Regions (SCARs), Amplified Fragment Length polymorphisms (AFLPs), Simple Sequence Repeats (SSRs—which are also referred to as Microsatellites), and Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs).

[0510] Molecular markers can also be used during the breeding process for the selection of qualitative traits. For example, markers closely linked to alleles or markers containing sequences within the actual alleles of interest can be used to select plants that contain the alleles of interest during a backcrossing breeding program. The markers can also be used to select toward the genome of the recurrent parent and against the markers of the donor parent. This procedure attempts to minimize the amount of genome from the donor parent that remains in the selected plants. It can also be used to reduce the number of crosses back to the recurrent parent needed in a backcrossing program. The use of molecular markers in the selection process is often called genetic marker enhanced selection or marker-assisted selection. Molecular markers may also be used to identify and exclude certain sources of lines as parental varieties or ancestors of a plant by providing a means of tracking genetic profiles through crosses.

[0511] Mutation breeding may also be used in the breeding of potato lines to produce candidate lines. Mutations that occur spontaneously or are artificially induced can be useful sources of variability for a plant breeder. The goal of artificial mutagenesis is to increase the rate of mutation for a desired characteristic. Mutation rates can be increased by many different means including temperature, long-term seed storage, tissue culture conditions, radiation (such as X- rays, Gamma rays, neutrons, Beta radiation, or ultraviolet radiation), chemical mutagens (such as base analogs like 5-bromo-uracil), antibiotics, alkylating agents (such as sulfur mustards, nitrogen mustards, epoxides, ethyleneamines, sulfates, sulfonates, sulfones, or lactones), azide,Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 hydroxylamine, nitrous acid, or acridines. Once a desired trait is observed through mutagenesis the trait may then be incorporated into an existing line by traditional breeding techniques. Details of mutation breeding can be found in Principles of Cultivar Development by Fehr, Macmillan Publishing Company, 1993.

[0512] Additional non-limiting examples of breeding methods that may be used include, without limitation, those found in Allard (1960. Principles of Plant Breeding, John Wiley and Son, pp.115-161); Simmonds (1979. Principles of Crop Improvement, Longman Group Limited), Sneep (1979. Plant Breeding Perspectives, Unipub); and Fehr and Walt (1987. Principles of Cultivar Development, pp.261-286).

[0513] In certain embodiments, breeding the lines of potato comprises generating and maintaining one or more potato lines having VINV mutations. The one or more potato lines having VINV mutations may be maintained via vegetative propagation, selfing, apomixis, cell culture, or any combination thereof. The VINV alleles of the one or more potato lines having VINV mutations may be propagated across breeding cycles to reduce the number of required editing or transgenesis events to introduce VINV mutations into candidate lines of potato. Methods of Introducing Genetic Modifications

[0514] In certain embodiments, the genetic modifications are introduced by gene editing. Any of several gene editing methods known in the art may be used to introduce the genetic modifications to the VINV gene. In some variations, gene editing is performed with one or more natural or engineered nucleases including, but not limited to, RNA-guided nucleases, meganucleases, zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs), and transcription activator-like effector-based nucleases (TALENs). In further variations, gene editing is performed with RNA-guided nucleases including, but not limited to, Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) associated nucleases. Methods of gene editing are numerous, well-known and routine in the art, and are described in US17 / 045747, US16 / 977020, and US16 / 961396, which are herein incorporated in their entirety.

[0515] An engineered nuclease may be a guided nuclease, which may function as a ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex with a guide RNA. According to some embodiments, a guided nuclease may be selected from the group consisting of Cas1, Cas1B, Cas2, Cas3, Cas4, Cas5, Cash, Cas7, Cas8, Cas9 (also known as Csn1 and Csx12), Cas10, Csy1, Csy2, Csy3, Cse1, Cse2, Csc1, Csc2, Csa5, Csn2, Csm2, Csm3, Csm4, Csm5, Csm6, Cmr1, Cmr3, Cmr4, Cmr5, Cmr6,Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 Csb1, Csb2, Csb3, Csx17, Csx14, Csx10, Csx16, CsaX, Csx3, Csx1, Csx15, Csf1, Csf2, Csf3, Csf4, Cpf1, CasX, CasY, CasZ, and homologs or modified versions thereof, Argonaute (non- limiting examples of Argonaute proteins include Thermus thermophilus Argonaute (TtAgo), Pyrococcus furiosus Argonaute (PfAgo), Natronobacterium gregoryi Argonaute (NgAgo), and homologs or modified versions thereof). According to some embodiments, a guided nuclease is a Cas9 or Cpf1 enzyme. The DNA construct or molecule encoding a guided nuclease, or the guided nuclease itself, may be delivered with or without a guide nucleic acid.

[0516] For guided nucleases, a guide nucleic acid molecule may be further provided to direct the guided nuclease to a target site in the genome of the plant via base-pairing or hybridization to cause a DSB or nick at or near the target site. The guide nucleic acid may be transformed or introduced into a plant cell or tissue as a guide nucleic acid molecule, or as a recombinant DNA molecule, construct or vector comprising a transcribable DNA sequence encoding the guide nucleic acid operably linked to a promoter or plant-expressible promoter. The promoter may be a constitutive promoter, a tissue-specific or tissue-preferred promoter, a developmental stage promoter, or an inducible promoter. Host cells may comprise the recombinant DNA molecules, constructs, or vectors comprising a transcribable DNA sequence encoding the guide nucleic acid operably linked to a promoter or plant-expressible promoter. Host cells can be bacterial cells or plant cells. In some embodiments, the host cell is an Agrobacterium cell.

[0517] In some embodiments, the guide nucleic acid comprises a first segment comprising a nucleotide sequence that is complementary to a sequence in a target nucleic acid and a second segment that interacts with a guided nuclease protein. In some embodiments, the first segment of a guide comprising a nucleotide sequence that is complementary to a sequence in a target nucleic acid corresponds to a CRISPR RNA (crRNA or crRNA repeat). In some embodiments, the second segment of a guide comprising a nucleic acid sequence that interacts with a guided nuclease protein corresponds to a trans-acting CRISPR RNA (tracrRNA). In some embodiments, the guide nucleic acid comprises two separate nucleic acid molecules (a polynucleotide that is complementary to a sequence in a target nucleic acid and a polynucleotide that interacts with a guided nuclease protein) that hybridize with one another. In other embodiments, the guide nucleic acid is a single polynucleotide. In some embodiments, the guide nucleic acid may comprise DNA, RNA, or a combination of DNA and RNA.Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1

[0518] In some embodiments, the method utilized an endonuclease that targets a protospacer sequence utilizing a guide RNA. Protospacer and guide RNA selection is determined by editing efficiency. One of ordinary skill in the art would be able to select an appropriate protospacer and guide RNA to achieve optimal editing efficiency of the target gene. In some embodiments, the endonuclease targets a protospacer comprising a sequence selected from the group chosen from SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, SEQ ID NO: 151 SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, SEQ ID NO: 157, and SEQ ID NO: 158, or a sequence having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, or at least 95% identity to SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, SEQ ID NO: 151 SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, SEQ ID NO: 157, or SEQ ID NO: 158.

[0519] In certain embodiments, the endonuclease utilizes a guide RNA comprising a sequence selected from the group composed of guide RNA comprising the sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 159, SEQ ID NO: 160, SEQ ID NO: 161, SEQ ID NO: 162, SEQ ID NO: 163, SEQ ID NO: 164, SEQ ID NO: 165, SEQ ID NO: 166, SEQ ID NO: 167, and SEQ ID NO:168, or a sequence having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, or at least 95% identity selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 159, SEQ ID NO: 160, SEQ ID NO: 161, SEQ ID NO: 162, SEQ ID NO: 163, SEQ ID NO: 164, SEQ ID NO: 165, SEQ ID NO: 166, SEQ ID NO: 167, or SEQ ID NO:168.

[0520] A protospacer-adjacent motif (PAM) may be present in the genome immediately adjacent and upstream to the 5’ end of the genomic target site sequence complementary to the targeting sequence of the guide RNA, immediately downstream (3’) to the sense (+) strand of the genomic target site (relative to the targeting sequence of the guide RNA) as known in the art. See, e.g., Wu, X. et al.2014. “Target specificity of the CRISPR-Cas9 system,” Quant Biol.2(2): 59-70. The genomic PAM sequence on the sense (+) strand adjacent to the target site (relative to the targeting sequence of the guide RNA) may comprise 5’-NGG-3’. However, the corresponding sequence of the guide nucleic acid (immediately downstream (3’) to the targeting sequence of the guide RNA) may generally not be complementary to the genomic PAM sequence.

[0521] The guide nucleic acid may typically be a non-coding RNA molecule that does not encode a protein. The targeting sequence of the guide nucleic acid may be at least 10 nucleotides in length, such as 12-40 nucleotides, 12-30 nucleotides, 12-20 nucleotides, 12-35 nucleotides,Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 12-30 nucleotides, 15-30 nucleotides, 17-30 nucleotides, or 17-25 nucleotides in length, or about 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, or more nucleotides in length. The targeting sequence may be at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identical or complementary to at least 10, at least 11, at least 12, at least 13, at least 14, at least 15, at least 16, at least 17, at least 18, at least 19, at least 20, at least 21, at least 22, at least 23, at least 24, at least 25, or more consecutive nucleotides of a DNA sequence at the genomic target site.

[0522] In addition to the targeting sequence, a guide nucleic acid may further comprise one or more other structural or scaffold sequence(s), which may bind or interact with an RNA-guided endonuclease. Such scaffold or structural sequences may further interact with other RNA molecules (e.g., tracrRNA). Methods and techniques for designing targeting constructs and guide nucleic acids for genome editing and site-directed integration at a target site within the genome of a plant using a guided nuclease are known in the art.

[0523] An engineered nuclease may be a site-specific nuclease. Several site-specific nucleases, such as recombinases, zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs), meganucleases, and TALENs, are not nucleic acid-guided and instead rely on their protein structure to determine their target site for causing the DSB or nick, or they are fused, tethered or attached to a DNA-binding protein domain or motif. The protein structure of the site-specific nuclease (or the fused / attached / tethered DNA binding domain) may target the site-specific nuclease to the target site. According to many of these embodiments, non-nucleic acid-guided site-specific nucleases, such as recombinases, zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs), meganucleases, and TALENs, may be designed, engineered and constructed according to known methods to target and bind to a target site at or near the genomic locus of an endogenous gene of a plant to create a DSB or nick at such genomic locus to knockout or knockdown expression of the gene via repair of the DSB or nick, which may lead to the creation of a mutation or insertion of a sequence at the site of the DSB or nick, through cellular repair mechanisms, which may be guided by a donor template molecule.

[0524] In some embodiments, a site-specific nuclease is a recombinase. A recombinase may be a serine recombinase attached to a DNA recognition motif, a tyrosine recombinase attached to a DNA recognition motif, or other recombinase enzyme known in the art. A recombinase or transposase may be a DNA transposase or recombinase attached or fused to a DNA binding domain. Non-limiting examples of recombinases include a tyrosine recombinase attached, etc., toAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 a DNA recognition motif provided herein, selected from the group consisting of a Cre recombinase, a gin recombinase, a Flp recombinase, and a Tnp1 recombinase. In an aspect, a Cre recombinase or a Gin recombinase provided herein is tethered to a zinc-finger DNA-binding domain, or a transcription activator-like effector (TALE) DNA-binding domain, or a Cas9 nuclease. In another aspect, a serine recombinase attached to a DNA recognition motif provided herein is selected from the group consisting of a PhiC31 integrase, an R4 integrase, and a TP-901 integrase. In another aspect, a DNA transposase attached to a DNA binding domain provided herein is selected from the group consisting of a TALE-piggyBac and TALE-Mutator.

[0525] A site-specific nuclease may be a zinc finger nuclease (ZFN). ZFNs are synthetic proteins consisting of an engineered zinc finger DNA-binding domain fused to a cleavage domain (or a cleavage half-domain), which may be derived from a restriction endonuclease (e.g., FokI). The DNA binding domain may be canonical (C2H2) or non-canonical (e.g., C3H or C4). The DNA-binding domain can comprise one or more zinc fingers (e.g., 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or more zinc fingers) depending on the target site. Multiple zinc fingers in a DNA-binding domain may be separated by linker sequence(s). ZFNs can be designed to cleave almost any stretch of double-stranded DNA by modification of the zinc finger DNA-binding domain. ZFNs form dimers from monomers composed of a non-specific DNA cleavage domain (e.g., derived from the FokI nuclease) fused to a DNA-binding domain comprising a zinc finger array engineered to bind a target site DNA sequence. The DNA-binding domain of a ZFN may typically be composed of 3-4 (or more) zinc-fingers. The amino acids at positions -1, +2, +3, and +6 relative to the start of the zinc finger alpha-helix, which contribute to site-specific binding to the target site, can be changed and customized to fit specific target sequences. The other amino acids may form a consensus backbone to generate ZFNs with different sequence specificities.

[0526] Methods and rules for designing ZFNs for targeting and binding to specific target sequences are known in the art. See, e.g., US Patent App. Nos.2005 / 0064474, 2009 / 0117617, and 2012 / 0142062. The FokI nuclease domain may require dimerization to cleave DNA and therefore two ZFNs with their C-terminal regions are needed to bind opposite DNA strands of the cleavage site (separated by 5-7 bp). The ZFN monomer can cut the target site if the two-ZF- binding sites are palindromic. A ZFN, as used herein, is broad and includes a monomeric ZFN that can cleave double stranded DNA without assistance from another ZFN. The term ZFN may also be used to refer to one or both members of a pair of ZFNs that are engineered to workAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 together to cleave DNA at the same site. Without being limited by any theory, because the DNA- binding specificities of zinc finger domains can be re-engineered using one of various methods, customized ZFNs can theoretically be constructed to target nearly any target sequence (e.g., at or near a gene in a plant genome). Publicly available methods for engineering zinc finger domains include Context-dependent Assembly (CoDA), Oligomerized Pool Engineering (OPEN), and Modular Assembly. In an aspect, a method and / or composition provided herein comprises one or more, two or more, three or more, four or more, or five or more ZFNs. In another aspect, a ZFN provided herein is capable of generating a targeted DSB or nick.

[0527] A site-specific nuclease may be a TALEN enzyme. TALENs are artificial restriction enzymes generated by fusing the TALE DNA binding domain to a nuclease domain (e.g., FokI). When each member of a TALEN pair binds to the DNA sites flanking a target site, the FokI monomers dimerize and cause a double-stranded DNA break at the target site. Besides the wild- type FokI cleavage domain, variants of the FokI cleavage domain with mutations have been designed to improve cleavage specificity and cleavage activity. The FokI domain functions as a dimer, requiring two constructs with unique DNA binding domains for sites in the target genome with proper orientation and spacing. Both the number of amino acid residues between the TALEN DNA binding domain and the FokI cleavage domain and the number of bases between the two individual TALEN binding sites are parameters for achieving high levels of activity.

[0528] TALENs are artificial restriction enzymes generated by fusing the TALE DNA binding domain to a nuclease domain. In some aspects, the nuclease is selected from a group consisting of PvuII, MutH, TevI, FokI, AlwI, MlyI, SbfI, SdaI, StsI, CleDORF, Clo051, and Pept071. When each member of a TALEN pair binds to the DNA sites flanking a target site, the FokI monomers dimerize and cause a double-stranded DNA break at the target site. The term TALEN, as used herein, is broad and includes a monomeric TALEN that can cleave double stranded DNA without assistance from another TALEN. The term TALEN also refers to one or both members of a pair of TALENs that work together to cleave DNA at the same site.

[0529] TALEs can be engineered to bind practically any DNA sequence, such as at or near the genomic locus of a gene in a plant. TALEs have a central DNA-binding domain composed of 13-28 repeat monomers of 33-34 amino acids. The amino acids of each monomer are highly conserved, except for hypervariable amino acid residues at positions 12 and 13. The two variable amino acids are called repeat-variable diresidues (RVDs). The amino acid pairs NI, NG, HD, andAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 NN of RVDs preferentially recognize adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine / adenine, respectively, and modulation of RVDs can recognize consecutive DNA bases. This simple relationship between amino acid sequence and DNA recognition has allowed for the engineering of specific DNA binding domains by selecting a combination of repeat segments containing the appropriate RVDs.

[0530] Besides the wild-type FokI cleavage domain, variants of the FokI cleavage domain with mutations have been designed to improve cleavage specificity and cleavage activity. The FokI domain functions as a dimer, requiring two constructs with unique DNA binding domains for sites in the target genome with proper orientation and spacing. Both the number of amino acid residues between the TALEN DNA binding domain and the FokI cleavage domain and the number of bases between the two individual TALEN binding sites are parameters for achieving high levels of activity. PvuII, MutH, and TevI cleavage domains are useful alternatives to FokI and FokI variants for use with TALEs. PvuII functions as a highly specific cleavage domain when coupled to a TALE (see Yank et al.2013. PloS One.8: e82539). MutH is capable of introducing strand-specific nicks in DNA (see Gabsalilow et al.2013. Nucleic Acids Research. 41: e83). TevI introduces double-stranded breaks in DNA at targeted sites (see Beurdeley et al., 2013. Nature Communications.4: 1762).

[0531] The relationship between amino acid sequence and DNA recognition of the TALE binding domain allows for designable proteins. Software programs such as DNAWorks can be used to design TALE constructs. Other methods of designing TALE constructs are known to those of skill in the art. See Doyle et al., Nucleic Acids Research (2012) 40: W117-122.; Cermak et al., Nucleic Acids Research (2011) 39:e82; and tale-nt.cac.cornelledu / about. In another aspect, a TALEN provided herein is capable of generating a targeted DSB.

[0532] A site-specific nuclease may be a meganuclease. Meganucleases, which are commonly identified in microbes, such as the LAGLIDADG family of homing endonucleases, are unique enzymes with high activity and long recognition sequences (>14 bp) resulting in site- specific digestion of target DNA. Engineered versions of naturally occurring meganucleases typically have extended DNA recognition sequences (for example, 14 to 40 bp). According to some embodiments, a meganuclease may comprise a scaffold or base enzyme selected from the group consisting of I-CreI, I-CeuI, I-MsoI, I-SceI, I-AniI, and I-DmoI. The engineering of meganucleases can be more challenging than ZFNs and TALENs because the DNA recognitionAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 and cleavage functions of meganucleases are intertwined in a single domain. Specialized methods of mutagenesis and high-throughput screening have been used to create novel meganuclease variants that recognize unique sequences and possess improved nuclease activity. Thus, a meganuclease may be selected or engineered to bind to a genomic target sequence in a plant, such as at or near the genomic locus of a gene. In another aspect, a meganuclease provided herein is capable of generating a targeted DSB.

[0533] In some embodiments, gene editing comprises (a) inducing a DSB in the genome of a cell at a cleavage site at or near a recognition site for a natural or engineered nuclease by expressing in the cell the natural or engineered nuclease recognizing said recognition site and inducing said DSB at the cleavage site; (b) introducing into the cell a repair nucleic acid molecule comprising an upstream flanking region having homology to the DNA region upstream of the preselected site and / or a downstream flanking DNA region having homology to the DNA region downstream of the preselected site for allowing homologous recombination between said flanking region or regions and said DNA region or regions flanking said preselected site; and (c) selecting a cell wherein said repair nucleic acid molecule has been used as a template for making a modification of said genome at said preselected site. In other embodiments, gene editing comprises (a) inducing a DSB in the genome of a cell at a cleavage site at or near a recognition site for a natural or engineered nuclease by introducing into the cell the natural or engineered nuclease recognizing said recognition site and inducing said DSB at the cleavage site; (b) introducing into the cell a repair nucleic acid molecule comprising an upstream flanking region having homology to the DNA region upstream of the preselected site and / or a downstream flanking DNA region having homology to the DNA region downstream of the preselected site for allowing homologous recombination between said flanking region or regions and said DNA region or regions flanking said preselected site; and (c) selecting a cell wherein said repair nucleic acid molecule has been used as a template for making a modification of said genome at said preselected site.

[0534] As used herein, a repair nucleic acid molecule is a single-stranded or double-stranded DNA molecule or RNA molecule that is used as a template for modification of the genomic DNA at the preselected site in the vicinity of or at the cleavage site. As used herein, use as a template for modification of the genomic DNA, means that the repair nucleic acid molecule is copied or integrated at the preselected site by homologous recombination between the flankingAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 region(s) and the corresponding homology region(s) in the target genome flanking the preselected site, optionally in combination with non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) at one of the two ends of the repair nucleic acid molecule (e.g. in case there is only one flanking region). Integration by homologous recombination will allow precise joining of the repair nucleic acid molecule to the target genome up to the nucleotide level, while NHEJ may result in small insertions / deletions at the junction between the repair nucleic acid molecule and genomic DNA.

[0535] In some embodiments, the genetic modifications introduced by gene editing result in the decreased expression (including non-expression or altered activity) of one or more VINV loci. In gene editing, the introduction of a DSB or nick may be used to introduce targeted genetic modifications in the genome of a plant. According to this approach, genetic modifications, such as deletions, insertions, inversions and / or substitutions may be introduced at a target site via imperfect repair of the DSB or nick to produce a knock-out or knock-down of a gene, or to produce a VINV component with altered activity. Such genetic modifications may be generated by imperfect repair of the targeted locus even without the use of a donor template molecule, and can result in decreased expression (including non-expression or altered activity) of an endogenous gene product. For example, genetic modifications may be produced by an indel (insertion or deletion of nucleotide bases in a target DNA sequence through NHEJ), or by specific removal of sequence that reduces or completely destroys the function of a sequence or motif at or near the targeting site, or which results in an altered activity of a VINV component. Such embodiments may comprise a deletion or insertion which alters one or more post- translational modifications on the one or more VINV components. The post-translational modifications can include phosphorylation, glycosylation, ubiquitination, nitrosylation, methylation, acetylation, lipidation, and the like. Altered activity in a VINV component can be achieved, for example, by deleting or otherwise disrupting one or more phosphorylation sites (e.g., Tyrosine phosphorylation site or Serine / Threonine phosphorylation site). In further embodiments, the motif which is disrupted is a proteolytic cleavage site. A knockout of a gene may be achieved by inducing a DSB or nick at or near the endogenous locus of the gene that results in non-expression of the gene product, whereas a knockdown of a gene may be achieved in a similar manner by inducing a DSB or nick at or near the endogenous locus of the gene that is repaired imperfectly at a site that does not affect the coding sequence of the gene in a manner that would eliminate the function of the gene product. For example, the site of the DSB or nickAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 within the endogenous locus may be in the upstream or 5' region of the gene (e.g., a promoter and / or enhancer sequence) to affect or reduce its level of expression. Similarly, such targeted knockout or knockdown mutations of a gene may be generated with a donor template molecule to direct a particular or desired mutation at or near the target site via repair of the DSB or nick. The donor template molecule may comprise a homologous sequence with or without an insertion sequence and comprising one or more mutations, such as one or more deletions, insertions, inversions and / or substitutions, relative to the targeted genomic sequence at or near the site of the DSB or nick. For example, targeted knockout mutations of a gene may be achieved by substituting, inserting, deleting or inverting at least a portion of the gene, including, but not limited to, by introducing a frame shift or premature stop codon into a protein coding sequence of the gene. A deletion of a portion of a gene may also be introduced by generating DSBs or nicks at two target sites and causing a deletion of the intervening target region flanked by the target sites.

[0536] In some embodiments, the genetic modification comprises introducing proteins, nucleic acids, or a combination thereof into a plant cell, e.g., a CRISPR / cas RNP. The introduction of the proteins, nucleic acids, or combination thereof into the plant cell may be achieved by any of several means known and routinely-used in the art. In some embodiments, the introduction of the proteins, nucleic acids, or combination thereof into the plant cell comprises isolating protoplasts, transfecting the protoplasts, encapsulating the protoplasts, and regenerating plants from the protoplasts. In other embodiments, the introduction of the proteins, nucleic acids, or combination thereof into the plant cell comprises biolistic transformation. In certain embodiments, the introduction of the proteins, nucleic acids, or combination thereof into the plant cell comprises isolating immature plant embryos, bombarding the embryos with particles comprising nucleic acids, and regenerating plants from the immature embryos. Numerous additional transformation methods may be used to introduce the proteins, nucleic acids, or combination thereof into a suitable plant or plant cell. Transformation methods include the use of liposomes, electroporation, chemicals that increase free DNA uptake, injection of the DNA directly into the plant (cell) such as microinjection, particle gun bombardment, transformation using viruses or pollen and microprojection. Methods may be selected from the calcium / polyethylene glycol method for protoplasts (Krens et al. (1982) Nature 296: 72-74; Negrutiu et al. (1987) Plant. Mol. Biol.8: 363-373); electroporation of protoplasts (Shillito et al.Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 (1985) Bio / Technol.3: 1099-1102); microinjection into plant material (Crossway et al. (1986) Mol. Gen. Genet.202: 179-185); DNA or RNA-coated particle bombardment (Klein et al. (1987) Nature 327: 70) infection with (non-integrative) viruses; and the like.

[0537] Reference in this application to an “isolated DNA molecule” or “recombinant DNA construct”, or an equivalent term or phrase, is intended to mean that the DNA molecule is one that is present alone or in combination with other compositions, but not within its natural environment. For example, nucleic acid elements such as a coding sequence, intron sequence, untranslated leader sequence, promoter sequence, transcriptional termination sequence, and the like, that are naturally found within the DNA of the genome of an organism are not considered to be “isolated” so long as the element is within the genome of the organism and at the location within the genome in which it is naturally found. However, each of these elements, and subparts of these elements, would be “isolated” within the scope of this disclosure so long as the element is not within the genome of the organism and at the location within the genome in which it is naturally found. Similarly, a nucleotide sequence encoding an insecticidal protein or any naturally occurring insecticidal variant of that protein would be an isolated nucleotide sequence so long as the nucleotide sequence was not within the DNA of the bacterium from which the sequence encoding the protein is naturally found. A synthetic nucleotide sequence encoding the amino acid sequence of the naturally occurring insecticidal protein would be considered to be isolated for the purposes of this disclosure. For the purposes of this disclosure, any transgenic nucleotide sequence, i.e., the nucleotide sequence of the DNA inserted into the genome of the cells of a plant or bacterium, or present in an extrachromosomal vector, would be considered to be an isolated nucleotide sequence whether it is present within the plasmid or similar structure used to transform the cells, within the genome of the plant or bacterium, or present in detectable amounts in tissues, progeny, biological samples or commodity products derived from the plant or bacterium.

[0538] As used herein, the term “control plant” (or likewise a “control” plant seed, plant part, plant cell and / or plant genome) refers to a plant (or plant seed, plant part, plant cell and / or plant genome) that is used for comparison to a modified plant (or modified plant seed, plant part, plant cell and / or plant genome) and has the same or similar genetic background (e.g., same parental lines, hybrid cross, inbred line, testers, etc.) as the modified plant (or plant seed, plant part, plant cell and / or plant genome), except for a transgene, expression cassette, mutation, and / or genomeAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 edit affecting one or more genes. For purposes of comparison to a modified plant, plant seed, plant part, plant cell and / or plant genome, a “wild-type plant” (or likewise a “wild-type” plant seed, plant part, plant cell and / or plant genome) refers to a non-transgenic, non-mutated, and non-genome edited control plant, plant seed, plant part, plant cell and / or plant genome. Alternatively as can be specified herein, such a “control plant” (or likewise a “control” plant seed, plant part, plant cell and / or plant genome) can refer to a plant (or plant seed, plant part, plant cell and / or plant genome) that (i) is used for comparison to a modified plant (or modified plant seed, plant part, plant cell and / or plant genome) having a stack of two or more transgene(s), expression cassette(s), mutation(s) and / or genome edit(s), (ii) has the same or similar genetic background (e.g., same parental lines, hybrid cross, inbred line, testers, etc.) as the modified plant (or plant seed, plant part, plant cell and / or plant genome), but (iii) lacks at least one of the two or more transgene(s), expression cassette(s), mutation(s) and / or genome edit(s) of the modified plant (e.g., a stack in comparison to a single of one of the members of the stack). As used herein, such a “control” plant, plant seed, plant part, plant cell and / or plant genome can also be a plant, plant seed, plant part, plant cell and / or plant genome having a similar (but not the same or identical) genetic background to a modified plant, plant seed, plant part, plant cell and / or plant genome, if deemed sufficiently similar for comparison of the characteristics or traits to be analyzed.

[0539] In some embodiments, the methods described herein result in decreased expression of the VINV gene product. In certain embodiments, the decreased expression of the VINV gene product may result from a deletion, duplication, or inversion. In some embodiments, the expression of the VINV gene product may be decreased by at least 50%, at least 85%, at least 95%, at least 99%, or 100% (e.g., no VINV protein is expressed or only a non-functional truncated form). In certain embodiments, the decreased expression of VINV gene occurs throughout the entirety of the plant. As used herein, VINV gene product can include RNA and / or protein levels.

[0540] In some embodiments, the methods described herein result in increased expression of the VINV gene product. In certain embodiments, the increased expression of the VINV gene product may result from a deletion, duplication, or inversion. In some embodiments, the expression of the VINV gene product may be increased by at least 50%, at least 85%, at least 95%, at least 99%, or 100% (e.g., no VINV protein is expressed or only a non-functionalAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 truncated form). In certain embodiments, the increased expression of VINV gene occurs throughout the entirety of the plant. As used herein, VINV gene product can include RNA and / or protein levels.

[0541] In some embodiments, the methods described herein result in genetic modifications which comprise 1, 2, 3, or 4 sequences selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-148 and SEQ ID Nos: 170-229. In certain embodiments, the VINV alleles comprise the set of four sequences comprising SEQ ID NOs: 1-4, SEQ ID NOs: 5-8, SEQ ID NOs: 9-12, SEQ ID NOs: 13-16, SEQ ID NOs: 17-20, SEQ ID NOs: 21-24, SEQ ID NOs: 25-28, SEQ ID NOs: 29-32, SEQ ID NOs: 33-36, SEQ ID NOs: 37-40, SEQ ID NOs: 41-44, SEQ ID NOs: 45-48, SEQ ID NOs: 49-52, SEQ ID NOs: 53-56, SEQ ID NOs: 57-60, SEQ ID NOs: 61-64, SEQ ID NOs: 65- 68, SEQ ID NOs: 69-72, SEQ ID NOs: 73-76, SEQ ID NOs: 77-80, SEQ ID NOs: 81-84, SEQ ID NOs: 85-88, SEQ ID NOs: 89-92, SEQ ID NOs: 93-96, SEQ ID NOs: 97-100, SEQ ID NOs: 101-104, SEQ ID NOs: 105-108, SEQ ID NOs: 109-112, SEQ ID NOs: 113-116, SEQ ID NOs: 117-120, SEQ ID NOs: 121-124, SEQ ID NOs: 125-128, SEQ ID NOs: 129-132, SEQ ID NOs: 133-136, SEQ ID NOs: 137-140, SEQ ID NOs: 141-144, SEQ ID NOs: 145-148, SEQ ID NOs: 170-173, SEQ ID NOs: 174-177, SEQ ID NOs: 178-181, SEQ ID NOs: 182-185, SEQ ID NOs: 186-189, SEQ ID NOs: 190-193, SEQ ID NOs: 194-197, SEQ ID NOs: 198-201, SEQ ID NOs: 202-205, SEQ ID NOs: 206-209, SEQ ID NOs: 210-213, SEQ ID NOs: 214-217, SEQ ID NOs: 218-221, SEQ ID NOs: 222-225, or SEQ ID NOs: 226-229. Inventory and Maintenance of Lines

[0542] In some embodiments, the method of breeding a polyploid potato line comprises maintaining the lines of potato. In some variations, the lines of potato are maintained via vegetative propagation, selfing, cell culture, apomixis, or any combination thereof. Additional methods of maintaining lines of potato are well-known in the art. In some variations, the inventory of lines comprises one or more potato lines having at least one, at least two, at least three or four VINV alleles described herein that are maintained through vegetative propagation, hybridization with a haploid inducer, or a combination thereof. Plant Harvesting and Storage

[0543] In some embodiments, the method comprises harvesting modified potato tubers from modified potato plants. Potato tubers may be harvested between about 5 and 15 days (e.g., about 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, or 15 days, e.g., about 10 days) after vine killing. In certainAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 embodiments, potato tuber size is assessed with potato sizing squares. Potato tubers can be A- size size (diameter >4.8 cm), B-size (3.8 cm< diameter < 4.8 cm) or C-size (diameter <3.8cm). In certain embodiments, potato tubers selected for further processing were A-size with little or no external defects.

[0544] In certain embodiments, the method comprises placing harvested potato tubers into cold storage. Cold storage conditions are variety / processor specific, with temperatures ranging from 3° C to 13° C. Cold storage conditions may initially be about 55 degrees Fahrenheit and about 95% relative humidity. This initial cold storage period can last for about 2 weeks before the temperature ramps down to about 4 degrees Celsius. In some embodiments, the rate of temperature change is 0.5 degrees Fahrenheit every 12 hours. Potato plants, plant parts, or plant cells that have been removed after cold storage have undergone “chilling” for at least two weeks, at least four weeks, at least eight weeks, at least sixteen weeks, at least twenty-four weeks, or at least thirty-two weeks. In other embodiments, the potato plants, plant parts, or plant cells that have been removed after cold storage have undergone “chilling” for two weeks, four weeks, eight weeks, sixteen weeks, twenty-four weeks, or thirty-two weeks. Tuber Sugar Profile

[0545] In some embodiments, the method comprises obtaining a tuber sugar profile from the modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell. In certain embodiments, the tuber sugar profile obtained from said plant comprises a lower level of glucose and / or fructose compared to a tuber sugar profile obtained from a control plant. In some embodiments, the tuber sugar profile obtained from said plant comprises a higher level of sucrose compared to a tuber sugar profile obtained from a control plant. In certain embodiments, the percent increase of sucrose in the modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell does not exceed 200%, does not exceed 100%, does not exceed 50%, or does not exceed 25% compared to a tuber sugar profile obtained from a control plant. In some embodiments, the tuber sugar profile obtained from said plant comprises a lower level of glucose compared to a tuber sugar profile obtained from a control plant, e.g., after chilling for sixteen weeks. In certain embodiments, the percent decrease of in the modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell is at least 10% lower, at least 20% lower, at least 30% lower, at least 40% lower, at least 50% lower, at least 60% lower, at least 70% lower, at least 80% lower, or at least 90% lower as compared to a tuber sugar profile obtained from a control plant. In some embodiments, the tuber sugar profile obtained from said plant comprises a lower level ofAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 fructose compared to a tuber sugar profile obtained from a control plant, e.g., after chilling for sixteen weeks. In certain embodiments, the percent decrease of fructose in the modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell is at least 10% lower, at least 20% lower, at least 30% lower, at least 40% lower, at least 50% lower, at least 60% lower, at least 70% lower, at least 80% lower, or at least 90% lower as compared to a tuber sugar profile obtained from a control plant.

[0546] Tuber sugar profiles may be obtained via various methods known to those skilled in the art. In some embodiments, the tuber sugar profiles are obtained using a colorimetric assay. In other embodiments, the tuber sugar profiles are obtained using industry-standard high pressure liquid chromatography. Tuber sugar profiles may be obtained at any time post-harvest. In certain embodiments, the tuber sugar profiles are obtained at harvest. In some embodiments, the tuber sugar profiles are obtained after the tubers have undergone cold storage. Tuber Acrylamide Levels

[0547] In some embodiments, the method comprises obtaining acrylamide levels from the edited potato plants, plant parts, or plant cells. In some embodiments, the modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell contains a lower level of acrylamide compared to a control potato plant, plant part, or plant cell. Controlling the acrylamide formation during heat processing of a potato is particularly important when the potato has been subjected to cold storage for any period of time. In certain embodiments, the post-chilling (e.g., after sixteen weeks of chilling) acrylamide levels are at least 50%, at least 75%, at least 85%, at least 95%, or at least 99% lower than those of a control potato plant, plant part, or plant cell. The acrylamide levels can be measured at any time post-harvest. In certain embodiments, acrylamide levels are determined post-chilling. In further embodiments, the acrylamide levels are obtained from a potato food product. Routine techniques known in the art can be used to determine the acrylamide levels. For example, a combination of mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography can be used to detect acrylamide. [doi DOT org SLASH 10.3390 SLASH foods10092038 for more details]

[0548] The assaying of the level of acrylamide in the potato product can further comprise comparing the acrylamide level of a potato product derived from a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell and which has been subjected to cold storage for a period of at least sixteen weeks to an acrylamide level in a control potato product from a control potato plant. When assayed, potato products derived from a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell will exhibit at least an at least a 5 fold reduction, at least a 6 fold reduction, at least a 7 fold reduction,Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 at least a 8 fold reduction, at least a 9 fold reduction, at least a 10 fold reduction, at least a 11 fold reduction, at least a 12 fold reduction, at least a 13 fold reduction, at least a 14 fold reduction, at least a 15 fold reduction, at least a 20 fold reduction, at least a 25 fold reduction, at least a 30 fold reduction, at least a 35 fold reduction, at least a 40 fold reduction, at least a 45 fold reduction, at least a 50 fold reduction, at least a 55 fold reduction, at least a 60 fold reduction, at least a 65 fold reduction, at least a 70 fold reduction, at least a 75 fold reduction, at least a 80 fold reduction, at least a 85 fold reduction, at least a 90 fold reduction, at least a 95 fold reduction, at least a 100 fold reduction, at least a 150 fold reduction, at least a 200 fold reduction, at least a 250 fold reduction, at least a 300 fold reduction, at least a 350 fold reduction, at least a 400 fold reduction, at least a 450 fold reduction, or at least a 500 fold reduction in the level of acrylamide when compared to a potato product from a control potato plant. More specifically, cold storage can last for at least two weeks, at least four weeks, at least eight weeks, at least sixteen weeks, at least twenty-four weeks, or at least thirty-two weeks. In other embodiments, alternatively, the potato products derived from a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell and which have been subjected to cold storage for a period of at least two hours when assayed exhibit a 5 to 500 fold reduction, a 5 to 450 fold reduction, a 5 to 400 fold reduction, a 5 to 400 fold reduction, a 5 to 350 fold reduction, a 5 to 300 fold reduction, a 5 to 250 fold reduction, a 5 to 200 fold reduction, a 5 to 150 fold reduction, a 5 to 100 fold reduction, a 5 to 95 fold reduction, a 5 to 90 fold reduction, a 5 to 85 fold reduction, a 5 to 80 fold reduction, a 5 to 75 fold reduction, a 5 to 70 fold reduction, a 5 to 65 fold reduction, a 5 to 60 fold reduction, a 5 to 55 fold reduction, a 5 to 50 fold reduction, a 5 to 45 fold reduction, a 5 to 40 fold reduction, a 5 to 35 fold reduction, a 5 to 30 fold reduction, a 5 to 25 fold reduction, a 5 to 20 fold reduction, a 5 to 15 fold reduction, a 5 to 10 fold reduction, a 10 to 500 fold reduction, a 10 to 450 fold reduction, a 10 to 400 fold reduction, a 10 to 400 fold reduction, a 10 to 350 fold reduction, a 10 to 300 fold reduction, a 10 to 250 fold reduction, a 10 to 200 fold reduction, a 10 to 150 fold reduction, a 10 to 100 fold reduction, a 10 to 95 fold reduction, a 10 to 90 fold reduction, a 10 to 85 fold reduction, a 10 to 80 fold reduction, a 10 to 75 fold reduction, a 10 to 70 fold reduction, a 10 to 65 fold reduction, a 10 to 60 fold reduction, a 10 to 55 fold reduction, a 10 to 50 fold reduction, a 10 to 45 fold reduction, a 10 to 40 fold reduction, a 10 to 35 fold reduction, a 10 to 30 fold reduction, a 10 to 25 fold reduction, a 10 to 20 fold reduction, or a 10 to 15 fold reduction in the level of acrylamide when compared to a potato product from a controlAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 potato plant. More specifically, cold storage can be for a period of for a period of at least three hours, at least four hours, at least five hours, at least six hours, at least eight hours, at least ten hours, at least 12 hours, at least 18 hours, at least 24 hours, at least 30 hours, at least 36 hours, or longer. Still further alternatively, the potato products derived from a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell and which has been subjected to cold storage for a period of at least two hours when assayed exhibit levels of acrylamide 25% to 75% less, 25% to 70% less, 25% to 65% less, 25% to 60% less, 25% to 55% less, 25% to 55% less, 25% to 50% less, 25% to 45% less, 25% to 40% less, 25 to 35% less, 30% to 75% less, 30% to 70% less, 30% to 65% less, 30% to 60% less, 30% to 55% less, 30% to 55% less, 30% to 50% less, 30% to 45% less, 25% to 40% less, 30% to 35% less, 35% to 75% less, 35% to 70% less, 35% to 65% less, 35% to 60% less, 35% to 55% less, 35% to 55% less, 35% to 50% less, 35% to 45% less, 35% to 40% less, 40% to 75% less, 40% to 70% less, 40% to 65% less, 40% to 60% less, 40% to 55% less, 40% to 55% less, 40% to 50% less, 40% to 45% less, 45% to 75% less, 45% to 70% less, 45% to 65% less, 45% to 60% less, 45% to 55% less, 45% to 55% less, 45% to 50%, 50% to 75% less, 50% to 70% less, 50% to 65% less, 50% to 60% less, or 50% to 55% less, when compared to a potato product from a control potato plant. More specifically, cold storage can be for a period of for a period of at least three hours, at least four hours, at least five hours, at least six hours, at least eight hours, at least ten hours, at least 12 hours, at least 18 hours, at least 24 hours, at least 30 hours, at least 36 hours, or longer.

[0549] Additionally, it is also believed that when assayed as described above, potato products derived from a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell and which has been subjected to cold storage for a period of at least two hours will exhibit levels of acrylamide less than 500 ppb (mg / Kg), less than 400 ppb (mg / Kg), less than 300 ppb (mg / Kg), less than 200 ppb (mg / Kg), or less than less than 100 ppb (mg / Kg). Alternatively, when assayed, the potato products derived from a potato from a potato plant produced by the above method will exhibit levels of acrylamide between about 90 ppb (mg / Kg) to about 500 ppb (mg / Kg), about 100 ppb (mg / Kg) to about 500 ppb (mg / Kg), about 200 ppb (mg / Kg) to about 500 ppb (mg / Kg), about 250 ppb (mg / Kg) to about 500 ppb (mg / Kg), about 100 ppb (mg / Kg) to about 300 ppb (mg / Kg), about 100 ppb (mg / Kg) to about 250 ppb (mg / Kg), about 200 ppb (mg / Kg) to about 300 ppb (mg / Kg), about 250 ppb (mg / Kg) to about 300 ppb (mg / Kg), about 300 ppb (mg / Kg) to about 500 ppb (mg / Kg), or about 400 ppb (mg / Kg) to about 500 ppb (mg / Kg). More specifically, coldAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 storage can be for a period of for a period of at least three hours, at least four hours, at least five hours, at least six hours, at least eight hours, at least ten hours, at least 12 hours, at least 18 hours, at least 24 hours, at least 30 hours, at least 36 hours, or longer. Additionally, it is also believed that when assayed as described above, potato products derived from a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell which have been subjected to or stored at room temperature conditions can exhibit levels of acrylamide less than 1100 ppb (mg / Kg), 1000 ppb (mg / Kg), less than 900 ppb (mg / Kg), less than 800 ppb (mg / Kg), less than 700 ppb (mg / Kg), less than less than 600 ppb (mg / Kg), or less than 500 ppb (mg / Kg). Alternatively, when assayed, the potato products derived from a potato from a potato plant produced by the above method will exhibit levels of acrylamide between about 400 ppb (mg / Kg) to about 1100 ppb (mg / Kg), about 400 ppb (mg / Kg) to about 1000 ppb (mg / Kg), about 400 ppb (mg / Kg) to about 900 ppb (mg / Kg), about 400 ppb (mg / Kg) to about 800 ppb (mg / Kg), about 400 ppb (mg / Kg) to about 700 ppb (mg / Kg), about 500 ppb (mg / Kg) to about 1100 ppb (mg / Kg), about 500 ppb (mg / Kg) to about 1000 ppb (mg / Kg), about 500 ppb (mg / Kg) to about 900 ppb (mg / Kg), about 500 ppb (mg / Kg) to about 800 ppb (mg / Kg), or about 500 ppb (mg / Kg) to about 750 ppb (mg / Kg).

[0550] The assaying of the level of acrylamide in the potato product can further comprise comparing the acrylamide level of a potato product derived from a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell and which has been stored or subjected to room temperature conditions with an acrylamide level in a control potato product from a control potato plant. When assayed, potato products derived from a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell will exhibit at least a 1 fold reduction, at least a 2 fold reduction, at least a 3 fold reduction, at least a 4 fold reduction, at least a 5 fold reduction, at least a 6 fold reduction, at least a 7 fold reduction, at least a 8 fold reduction, at least a 9 fold reduction, at least a 10 fold reduction, at least a 11 fold reduction, at least a 12 fold reduction, at least a 13 fold reduction, at least a 14 fold reduction, or at least a 15 fold reduction in the level of acrylamide when compared to a potato product from a control potato plant.

[0551] Alternatively, the potato products derived from a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell which has been stored or subjected to room temperature conditions can exhibit a reduction of at least a 1 to 15 fold reduction, a 2 to 15 fold reduction, a 3 to 15 fold reduction, a 4 to 15 fold reduction, a 5 to 15 fold reduction, a 1 to 14 fold reduction, a 2 to 14 fold reduction, a 3 to 14 fold reduction, a 4 to 14 fold reduction, a 5 to 14 fold reduction, a 1 to 13 fold reduction,Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 a 2 to 13 fold reduction, a 3 to 13 fold reduction, a 4 to 13 fold reduction, a 5 to 15 fold reduction, a 1 to 12 fold reduction, a 2 to 12 fold reduction, a 3 to 12 fold reduction, a 4 to 12 fold reduction, a 5 to 12 fold reduction, a 1 to 11 fold reduction, a 2 to 11 fold reduction, a 3 to 11 fold reduction, a 4 to 11 fold reduction, a 5 to 11 fold reduction, a 1 to 10 fold reduction, a 2 to 10 fold reduction, a 3 to 10 fold reduction, a 4 to 10 fold reduction or a 5 to 10 fold reduction in the level of acrylamide when compared to a potato product from a control potato plant.

[0552] Still further alternatively, the potato products derived from a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell which has been stored or subjected to room temperature conditions can levels of acrylamide 25% to 75% less, 25% to 70% less, 25% to 65% less, 25% to 60% less, 25% to 55% less, 25% to 55% less, 25% to 50% less, 25% to 45% less, 25% to 40% less, 25 to 35% less, 30% to 75% less, 30% to 70% less, 30% to 65% less, 30% to 60% less, 30% to 55% less, 30% to 55% less, 30% to 50% less, 30% to 45% less, 25% to 40% less, 30% to 35% less, 35% to 75% less, 35% to 70% less, 35% to 65% less, 35% to 60% less, 35% to 55% less, 35% to 55% less, 35% to 50% less, 35% to 45% less, 35% to 40% less, 40% to 75% less, 40% to 70% less, 40% to 65% less, 40% to 60% less, 40% to 55% less, 40% to 55% less, 40% to 50% less, 40% to 45% less, 45% to 75% less, 45% to 70% less, 45% to 65% less, 45% to 60% less, 45% to 55% less, 45% to 55% less, 45% to 50%, 50% to 75% less, 50% to 70% less, 50% to 65% less, 50% to 60% less, or 50% to 55% less, when compared to a potato product from a control potato plant or a sweet potato product from a control sweet potato plant.

[0553] The above methods (both the cold storage and room temperature) can further comprise heat processing the potato into a crisp, chip, French fry, potato stick or shoestring potato or other edible potato product. Chip Color and Chip Lightness Score (CLS)

[0554] In some embodiments, the method comprises producing potato products from a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell that have a lighter color than those produced from a control plant. When determining chip color, a tuber approximately the size of a baseball can be longitudinally bisected from bud end to stem end.4-5 chips that are 1mm thick, yielding 8 to 10 chips in total. The chip slices can be fried in customized baskets with peanut oil at about 360 F for about 2 minutes and 10 seconds. Chips can then be crushed to particle sizes into a measuring utensil for chip color quantification immediately after frying and cooling through reflectance using a Konica Minolta CR410 colorimeter (Konica Minolta, NJ, USA). Readings can beAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 obtained on the Hunter Lab color space L, a, and b. L is the relative lightness, a is the color range between red and green, and b is the range between yellow and blue and the results can then be reported as a chip lightness score. Chip color may be determined at harvest, post-cold storage, or at any intervening timepoint.

[0555] In certain embodiments, the method comprises generating a potato product produced from a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell that has a chip lightness score between 25 to 100% greater than those produced from a control plant. In some embodiments, a potato product produced from a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell has a chip lightness score at least 10% greater, at least 20% greater, at least 30% greater, at least 40% greater, at least 50% greater, at least 60% greater, at least 70% greater, at least 80% greater, at least 90% greater, at least 100% greater, at least 200% greater, at least 300% greater, at least 400% greater, at least 500% greater, at least 1000% greater, at least 5000% greater, or at least 10000% greater, than those produced from a control plant. In some embodiments, a potato product produced from a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell has a chip lightness score greater than 63.

[0556] In some embodiments, the chip lightness score of a potato product produced from a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprising mutations in fewer than 4 VINV alleles is lighter than the chip lightness score of a potato product produced from a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprising mutations in all 4 VINV alleles. Potato Genomes

[0557] In another aspect, provided herein are potato genomes. In some embodiments, these genomes are characterized by comprising a mutation in at least one VINV allele, at least two VINV alleles, at least three VINV alleles or four VINV alleles comprising sequences selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-148 and SEQ ID Nos: 170-229. In some embodiments, the genomes are characterized by comprising a mutation in at least one VINV allele, at least two VINV alleles, at least three VINV alleles or four VINV alleles, each mutation comprising mutation of one or more nucleotides corresponding to the editing window of SEQ ID NO: 169 when the modified VINV allele is aligned to SEQ ID NO: 169. In certain embodiments, the potato genome is modified. In some embodiments, the potato genome is not in a viable non- microbial cell. Kits for Producing Modified PotatoesAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1

[0558] In another aspect, provided herein are kits for producing modified potato plants, plant parts, or plant cells. The kits may comprise the guide RNAs, recombinant DNA constructs, vectors, host cells, and / or guide RNA-endonuclease complexes described herein. In certain embodiments, the kits may further comprise instructions for using the guide RNA, the recombinant DNA construct, the vector, the host cell, the composition, or a combination thereof to introduce into a potato cell one or more guided endonucleases that together bind to a protospacer sequence of each of at least one VINV allele, at least two VINV alleles, at least three VINV alleles or four VINV alleles. EXAMPLES

[0559] The presently disclosed subject matter will be better understood by reference to the following Examples, which are provided as exemplary of the inventions, and not by way of limitation. Example 1: General Methods GM1: Identifying VINV editing target sites GM1.1: Identification of target DNA sequences for crRNA design

[0560] A protein Blast search was conducted using BLAST’s “tblastn” search, specifically the Protein Query-Translated Subject BLAST 2.11.0+ with default parameters (gap opening penalty =11, gap extension penalty =1, E-value = 10, word size = 3, max score = 25, query filter = SEG, query genetic code = universal, substitution matrix = BLOSUM 62). The corresponding nucleotide sequences of identified orthologs and any putative paralogs were extracted from this search, including 5 kb upstream of each gene, using custom shell scripts. These sequences were then aligned to each other using Clustal Omega - 1.2.4 with default parameters (substitution matrix = GONNET). Most likely candidate sequences, with the highest identity to the canonical sequences and with the most conserved exon structure were used to design CRISPR RNA (crRNA) for an appropriate CRISPR-associated (Cas) nuclease. GM1.2: Design of crRNA for DNA editing with a Cas nuclease

[0561] The most probable candidate VINV sequences identified from the protein BLAST, tblastn, and Clustal Omega workflows were targeted for crRNA design in Geneious Prime 2020.0.3, with protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) sites near each candidate identified for an appropriate Cas nuclease. crRNA with high specificity targeting the first or second exons or promoter sequences were generally preferred, but high-scoring crRNA targeting later exons wereAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 also selected. Resulting sequences were exported and scaffolds for an appropriate Cas nuclease were added. Functional crRNAs were synthesized by IDT (Integrated DNA Technologies, Newark, NJ, USA) using standard RNA synthesis. crRNA were screened for editing efficiency in protoplasts.

[0562] FIG.2 is a diagram that shows the target site for the StVINV locations on chromosome 3, with thick boxes representing coding sequence exons and thin lines indicating introns.

[0563] FIG.3 shows a visualization of the allele sequences for six fully edited samples, (E- PED165-7186 Hap1, SEQ ID NO:5, Hap2, SEQ ID NO:6, Hap3, SEQ ID NO:7 and Hap8 SEQ ID NO:8; E-PED165-7398 Hap1, SEQ ID NO:53, Hap2, SEQ ID NO:54, Hap3, SEQ ID NO:55 and Hap8 SEQ ID NO:56; E-PED165-7475 Hap1, SEQ ID NO:97, Hap2, SEQ ID NO:98, Hap3, SEQ ID NO:99 and Hap8 SEQ ID NO:100; E-PED165-7459 Hap1, SEQ ID NO:89, Hap2, SEQ ID NO:90, Hap3, SEQ ID NO:91 and Hap8 SEQ ID NO:92; E-PED165-7632 Hap1, SEQ ID NO:105, Hap2, SEQ ID NO:106, Hap3, SEQ ID NO:107 and Hap8 SEQ ID NO:108; E- PED165-7621 Hap1, SEQ ID NO:101, Hap2, SEQ ID NO:102, Hap3, SEQ ID NO:103 and Hap8 SEQ ID NO:104). FIG.3 highlights the location of the VINV on chromosome 3 of the potato genome, with thick boxes representing coding sequence exons and thin lines indicating introns.

[0564] FIG.4 shows a visualization of the amino acid sequence for all 24 edited allele sequences for six fully edited samples, (E-PED165-7186 Hap1, SEQ ID NO:5, Hap2, SEQ ID NO:6, Hap3, SEQ ID NO:7 and Hap4 SEQ ID NO:8; E-PED165-7398 Hap1, SEQ ID NO:53, Hap2, SEQ ID NO:54, Hap3, SEQ ID NO:55 and Hap4 SEQ ID NO:56; E-PED165-7475 Hap1, SEQ ID NO:97, Hap2, SEQ ID NO:98, Hap3, SEQ ID NO:99 and Hap4 SEQ ID NO:100; E- PED165-7459 Hap1, SEQ ID NO:89, Hap2, SEQ ID NO:90, Hap3, SEQ ID NO:91 and Hap4 SEQ ID NO:92; E-PED165-7632 Hap1, SEQ ID NO:105, Hap2, SEQ ID NO:106, Hap3, SEQ ID NO:107 and Hap4 SEQ ID NO:108; E-PED165-7621 Hap1, SEQ ID NO:101, Hap2, SEQ ID NO:102, Hap3, SEQ ID NO:103 and Hap4 SEQ ID NO:104) and the wild type (WT) allele. As shown in FIG.4, amino acid sequences for the edit-induced deletions are shown as dashed lines in the allele sequence, while naturally occurring SNPs used for haplotype assignment appear outside the dashed lines as darker regions. The functional consequences of the edit mutations are summarized to the left of each allele.Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 GM2: Ribonucleoprotein preparation

[0565] To prepare ribonucleoproteins (RNPs), 2 μL of New England Biolabs buffer (NEBuffer™) 2.1 (10x stock) was placed into a 1.5 mL microcentrifuge tube with 10-600 pmol of crRNA and with an equal amount of the selected Cas nuclease protein. The final volume was adjusted to 20 μL using nuclease-free water. The solution was prepared fresh and used after a 15- minute incubation at room temperature. GM3: Sequence-based edit confirmation

[0566] Primers were designed to amplify VINV, and protoplasts were generated. Further details on plant selection, plant growth, protoplast generation, and protoplast transfection, are provided in the species-specific protocols in the Examples below.

[0567] Some transfected protoplasts were incubated at room temperature for 24 to 48 hours, then lysed and one or more long-range direct polymerase chain reactions (PCRs) were performed on the crude lysates. Other transfected protoplasts were regenerated, and DNA was then extracted from these protoplasts’ regenerated callus, leaf, or other plant tissue. PCR products were pooled by transfection sample and a seqWell™ (Beverly, MA, USA) library preparation was performed to generate an Illumina (Illumina, San Diego, CA, USA) library. Samples were loaded onto an Illumina iSeq (Illumina, San Diego, CA, USA) and sequenced with a paired-end 150 nt sequencing kit. Sequences were analyzed by aligning FASTQ files to reference sequences and mutations adjacent to target sites for each gene were tabulated relative to a control. Editing efficiency was calculated based on the frequency of observed mutations in the reads obtained for a given sample, and this information was used to calculate how many plants should be screened to identify the multi-gene knockouts required to induce the clonal gamete production.

[0568] PCR amplicons were used to prepare Illumina sequencing libraries using plexWell 96 kits (seqWell™, Beverly, MA, USA) and libraries were sequenced on an Illumina iSeq (Illumina, San Diego, CA, USA). FASTQ data sets were aligned to the corresponding reference genomes using the BWA-MEM algorithm (Li, H. (2013) Aligning sequence reads, clone sequences and assembly contigs with BWA-MEM. arXiv preprint arXiv:1303.3997) and variants were visualized and quantified using custom scripts. Editing efficiency was calculated as the fraction of reads in an edited sample with on-target mutations relative to an unedited control. Editing efficiency was determined for each guide and used to estimate the minimum number of plants needed to recover the required multi-gene knockout.Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 GM4: Flow cytometry

[0569] Flow cytometry was performed on parent plants and on the progeny using the methods of Galbraith et al.1983 (Rapid flow cytometric analysis of the cell cycle in intact plant tissues. Science.220(4601): 1049-1051). Briefly, intact nuclei were extracted, filtered, and stained with propidium iodide as per instructions of the CyStain® PI Absolute P kit (Sysmex America, Lincolnshire, IL, USA). DNA content of nuclei was determined by applying the samples to a BD Accuri C6 Flow Cytometer. Gating was performed and genomic DNA content was calculated by comparing the peak area for the sample to the known position of a control with known ploidy. The ploidy of the unknown samples was determined based on relative comparison to each control. GM5: Protoplasts GM5.1: Protoplast isolation technique

[0570] Plants from potato accessions that were selected and tested included Russet Burbank and Atlantic types. The plant material was propagated in vitro via internode cuttings on Murashige & Skoog Modified BC Potato Medium containing sucrose and grown under 16-hour day with cool white, fluorescent lighting. Approximately one gram of leaves from 2–3-week-old explants were removed under aseptic conditions and placed in sterile water.

[0571] Leaves were sliced into thin sections approximately 1 mm in width and incubated in digest solution overnight. (See, e.g., Clasen et al. (2016). Improving cold storage and processing traits in potato through targeted gene knockout. Plant biotechnology journal, 14(1), 169-176; Fossi et al. (2019). Regeneration of Solanum tuberosum plants from protoplasts induces widespread genome instability. Plant physiology, 180(1), 78-86; Masson et al. (1987). Plant regeneration from protoplasts of diploid potato derived from crosses of Solanum tuberosum with wild Solanum species. Plant Science, 53(2), 167-176; Nicolia et al. (Nicolia et al. (2015) Targeted gene mutation in tetraploid potato through transient TALEN expression in protoplasts. Journal of biotechnology.204: 17-24; Veillet et al. (2019). The Solanum tuberosum GBSSI gene: a target for assessing gene and base editing in tetraploid potato. Plant cell reports, 38(9), 1065-1080). Sliced leaves in the digest solution were then incubated overnight at 24 °C. The next day, protoplasts were liberated from the leaf tissue after 15-minute shaking at 40 RPM at room temperature.Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1

[0572] Protoplasts were harvested through 100 µm sterile cell filters into sterile 50 mL conical tubes and centrifuged at 100 x g for 5 minutes. Supernatant was removed and replaced with wash solution (See, e.g., Clasen et al.2016; Fossi et al.2019; Masson et al.1987; Nicolia et al.2015; and Veillet et al.2019). Cells were then gently resuspended by rocking and slowly layered onto a 0.43 M sucrose solution. Tubes were centrifuged at 100 x g for 15 minutes. After 15 minutes, a thick dark band of protoplasts appeared at the interface of the two solutions. This band was harvested in one continuous motion using a sterile serological pipette and combined with transformation buffer (See, e.g., Clasen et al.2016; Fossi et al.2019; Masson et al.1987; Nicolia et al 2015; and Veillet et al.2019). Harvested cells were quantified using a Bürker hemocytometer and stored at 4°C in the dark until transfection. A sample was reserved to test cell viability using FDA staining as described by Larkin (1976. Purification and viability determinations of plant protoplasts. Planta.128(3): 213-216). GM5.2: Protoplast transfection

[0573] Transfection proceeded as described in the art. (See, e.g., Clasen et al.2016; Fossi et al.2019; Masson et al.1987; Nicolia et al 2015; and Veillet et al.2019). Protoplasts were centrifuged at 50 x g for 10 minutes and resuspended in a volume of transformation buffer to achieve a cell density of 1 x 106 protoplasts / mL.20 μL of freshly prepared RNP as described in section GM2 was added to the bottom of a 15 mL round bottom tube and 100 μL of protoplasts suspended in the transformation buffer were mixed with the RNP solution. Next, 120 μL of PEG solution was added and gently mixed by rotating the tubes. After a 15-minute incubation at room temperature the protoplasts were washed twice following centrifugation at 50 x g for 10 minutes using a wash solution consisting of 0.4M D-Mannitol, 15 mM CaCl2, and 5 mM HEPES (4-(2- hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid). A final centrifugation was performed and transfected cells were resuspended in culture medium. (See, e.g., Clasen et al.2016; Fossi et al. 2019; Masson et al.1987; Nicolia et al 2015; and Veillet et al.2019). GM6: Encapsulation and regeneration of plants

[0574] An equal volume of transfected cells was combined with a 3.2% sodium alginate solution and then gently mixed together. The resulting solution was pipetted on top of setting agar to solidify the alginate matrix, creating alginate lenses. Lenses were incubated for 30 minutes at room temperature and then transferred to a new petri dish with 20 mL of culture medium.Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1

[0575] Plant regeneration protocols proceeded as described in the art. (See, e.g., Clasen et al. 2016; Fossi et al.2019; Masson et al.1987; Nicolia et al 2015; and Veillet et al.2019). The alginate lenses in culture medium were placed at 24 °C in the dark for about 3-4 weeks, during which time cell division and signs of mini calli induction were observed through an inverted microscope. When mini-calli reached 1 mm in size, culture medium was replaced with a first callus induction medium as described in the art (see, e.g., Clasen et al.2016; Fossi et al.2019; Masson et al.1987; Nicolia et al 2015; and Veillet et al.2019) and light was gradually increased by first covering and then removing layers of cheesecloth under cool white fluorescent bulbs. After 3-6 weeks, or when minicalli reach approximately 2 mm in diameter, the mini calli were liberated from the alginate using a citric acid solution consisting of 20 mM sodium citrate and 0.5 M sorbitol. Mini calli were then washed in callus induction medium and incubated in a second callus induction medium, then replacing the second callus induction medium with a freshly prepared solution on a weekly basis. (See, e.g., Clasen et al.2016; Fossi et al.2019; Masson et al.1987; Nicolia et al 2015; and Veillet et al.2019). Finally, large green calli of 3-5 mm were removed and placed on Petri dishes with shoot induction media. (See, e.g., Clasen et al. 2016; Fossi et al.2019; Masson et al.1987; Nicolia et al 2015; and Veillet et al.2019). Calli were then transferred every 2 weeks to a fresh shoot induction medium until shoots emerged, in about 2-3 months. When shoots reached a size of approximately 1 cm on shoot induction media, they were excised from the calli and transferred to Murashige & Skoog Modified BC Potato Medium with sucrose and 16-hour day length under cool white fluorescent bulbs.

[0576] Plants were then propagated by nodal segments and genotyped using the same sequencing methods described in Example 1’s section GM3. GM7: Plant growth and crossing conditions

[0577] Once plants had completely regenerated in vitro from protoplasts, rooted plantlets were transferred from tissue culture into 1-gallon pots with peat substrate and grown under greenhouse conditions with a continued 16-hour daylength. Freshly transplanted in vitro plants were covered with humidity domes for up to 3 days.

[0578] Regenerated plants with confirmed edits in VINV were transplanted from tissue culture into peat substrate as described in the previous paragraph. When plants produced flowers, pollen was collected from the male and cross pollinations were performed. GM8: Potato Harvesting and StorageAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1

[0579] Potato tubers were harvested 10 days after vine killing. Potato sizing squares were used for assessing and classifying tubers into A-size (diameter >4.8 cm), B-size (3.8 cm< diameter < 4.8 cm) and C-size (diameter <3.8cm) categories. A-size tubers with little or no external defects were selected for frying trial. Tubers were stored at 55 degrees Fahrenheit and 95% relative humidity for two weeks to allow wound healing. The cold storage was set to ramp down to 39.2 degrees Fahrenheit (4 degrees Celsius) at the rate of 0.5 degrees Fahrenheit every 12 hours. GM9: FRY test and General Phenotypes

[0580] An initial frying experiment was performed after two weeks of healing. Before the first fry test, specific gravity was measured on the genotype basis. The tubers from the same genotype were gathered and the weight was measured both in the air and in water. Specific gravity was then calculated by dividing the weight in air by the difference between the weight in air and water (Wang et al., 2017). https: / / doi.org / 10.2135 / cropsci2016.12.0976]. GM10: Chipping technique

[0581] Tubers were cut from bud end to stem end longitudinally.4-5 chips that are 1mm thick were created from each half of the tuber with a Mandolin slicer to have 8-10 slices in total. The chip slices were fried in customized baskets with peanut oil at 360 degrees Fahrenheit for 2 minutes and 10 seconds. GM11: Sugar content measurement (HPLC)

[0582] Sugar content of potato tubers and products can be measured, for example, by HPLC using the method described in Wilson, A. M., et al. ("HPLC determination of fructose, glucose, and sucrose in potatoes." Journal of Food Science 46.1 (1981): 300-301.) or similar. Example 2: Reduction of cold-induced sweetening via CRIPSR-Cas editing Protospacer Selection

[0583] Ten protospacers were tested for editing efficiency at the VINV allele as described in GM 1.2. Protospacer PRS155 exhibited the best editing efficiency and was selected as the lead protospacer candidate based on this editing efficiency. (see FIG.5) Plant selection, growth, harvest, and storage

[0584] 36 unique genotypes of Atlantic variety potatoes, comprising edited, unedited, and wildtype haplotypes, were selected and grown.Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1

[0585] The edits were phased using Illumina iSeq amplicon sequencing. For effective phasing, there typically needs to be sufficient variation between the one, two, three or four haplotypes within the vicinity of the protospacer cut site, as to be captured by the same read of 200-300bp. Phased edit calls were manually curated, and true / false was determined by degree of confidence. ddPCR phasing (DropPhase) in addition to other sequencing analyses and manual curation were used to determine the haplotypes of the selections. Table 1. Phasing of selected plants with edits in VINV alleles. plant material IDAtl_HapAtl_Hap Atl_Hap 1 23Atl_Hap4 ClassAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 E-PED165-7373 13.00 49.00 13.00 10.00 4_Hap1_Hap2_Hap3_Hap4 E-PED165-7398 13.00 13.00 8.00 10.00 4Hap1Hap2Hap3Hap4p , y p p . breakdown of genotype, plot, and plant quantities per haplotype is shown in Table 2. Table 2. Genotype, plot, and plant quantity. #genotypes #plots #plants EditdAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 Unedited 3 9 27 ealed for 2 weeks at 55°Fthen subsequently stored at 4°C. Some tubers were also chipped and measured for sugar content, color, etc. before cold storage. Sugar content measurement (colorimetric)

[0588] 50mg of tuber sample was combined with 100uL of 100 mM Na-phosphate, pH 7.0. Sample was vortexed thoroughly for 3 minutes to homogenize then centrifuged at 10k x G at 4°C for 5 min. Supernatant was removed and put in fresh tube. Samples were then boiled for 5 min at 95°C to inactivate endogenous invertase, then spun down to remove precipitation.

[0589] Remainder of the assay followed the protocol Sigma Cat # MAK013. Briefly, for glucose, 10uL of supernatant was added for edited samples or 0.5uL for unedited samples, then the volume of supernatant was brought up to 50uL with glucose assay buffer. For sucrose, 0.5uL of supernatant was added for both edited and unedited samples, then the volume of supernatant was brought up to 50uL with glucose assay buffer.

[0590] 2 uL of Invertase was added to each of the sucrose samples and to the sucrose standards.2 uL of Glucose Assay Buffer was added to the glucose sample. Plates were incubated at 37°C for 30 minutes.50 uL of the Master Reaction Mix was added to each of the wells. Solutions were mixed well using a horizontal shaker or by pipetting and the reaction was incubated for 30 minutes at 37 °C. Absorbance at 595 nm was measured on the plate reader, see Lindsay, H. A colorimetric estimation of reducing sugars in potatoes with 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid. Potato Res 16, 176–179 (1973). Sugar content results

[0591] Glucose and sucrose levels were measured in Russet Burbank potatoes with a full frameshift mutation in VINV as well as potatoes with a simplex frameshift mutation in VINV (FIG.6). Compared to an unedited control, potatoes with a full frameshift showed a 57% decrease in glucose, as well as a 30% decrease in sucrose. Compared to a wildtype control, potatoes with a full frameshift showed a 25% decrease in glucose and no change in sucrose levels. Compared to an unedited control, potatoes with a simplex frameshift showed a 57% decrease in glucose, as well as a 60% decrease in sucrose. Compared to a wildtype control,Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 potatoes with a simplex frameshift showed a 25% decrease in glucose and a 33% decrease in sucrose levels.

[0592] Glucose and sucrose levels were measured in Atlantic potatoes from two plants with full frameshift mutations in VINV (FIG.7). Compared to an unedited control, potatoes with a full frameshift showed a 90% decrease in glucose, as well as a 122% increase in sucrose. Compared to a wildtype control, potatoes with a full frameshift showed an 83% decrease in glucose and a 300% increase in sucrose levels. Compared to an unedited control, potatoes from a different plant with a full frameshift showed a 100% decrease in glucose, as well as an 11% increase in sucrose. Compared to a wildtype control, potatoes from a different plant with a full frameshift showed a 100% decrease in glucose and a 100% increase in sucrose levels. Example 3: Reduction of acrylamide via CRIPSR-Cas editing

[0593] Various methods known in the art can be utilized to assess acrylamide levels in potato products. Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS), gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and Fourier transform–near infrared spectroscopy (FT-NIR) have all been shown to accurately measure potato acrylamide content (see Skinner et al. Instrumentation for Routine Analysis of Acrylamide in French Fries: Assessing Limitations for Adoption, Foods, 202110(9), 2038). Example 4: Generation of lighter fried potato products via CRIPSR-Cas editing Measuring chip color

[0594] Post-harvest, tubers optionally underwent a period of cold storage. To measure the chip color, tubers were cut from bud end to stem end longitudinally.4-5 chips that are 1mm thick were created from each half of the tuber to have 8-10 slices in total with a Mandolin slicer. The chips were collected after the first slice was discarded from each half. Chip slices were then washed twice in the cold water to remove free starch granules and dried with a paper towel. The chip slices were fried in customized baskets with peanut oil at 360 degrees Fahrenheit for 2 minutes and 10 seconds. Then the chips were crushed to particle sizes into a measuring utensil for chip color quantification immediately after frying and cooling through reflectance using a Konica Minolta CR410 colorimeter (Konica Minolta, NJ, USA). Readings were obtained on the Hunter Lab color space L, a, and b. L is the relative lightness, a is the color range between red and green, and b is the range between yellow and blue. Color resultsAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1

[0595] FIG.8 provides a visual of chips produced from unedited Russet Burbank potatoes after 2 minutes of frying, where the chips were produced from unedited Russet Burbank potatoes exhibited a stark dark color change.

[0596] FIG.9 provides a visual of fries produced from an unedited plant that exhibited a similar dark color change after frying, while fries produced from VINV edited Russet Burbank potatoes were substantially lighter.

[0597] FIG.10 the color difference in edited potatoes was only apparent after frying, as edited potatoes at harvest exhibited similar colors when compared to unedited potatoes.

[0598] FIG.11 shows that similar color differences as found in Russet Burbank varieties were also observed in Atlantic potato chips post-frying, however, FIG.12 shows Atlantic varieties post-harvest with similar colors to Russet Burbank potatoes.

[0599] FIG.13 shows edited Atlantic potatoes chips, with two or three haplotypes, post- frying was about 11% lighter than unedited chips. Two combinations in particular displayed this phenotype: knockouts in alleles 1, 2, and 3, but not 4 (Hap1_Hap2_Hap3), and knockouts in alleles 2 and 3, but not 1 and 4.

[0600] FIG.22 shows chips of the edited line E-PED165-7398 Quadruplex (E-PED165- 7398 Hap1, SEQ ID NO:53, Hap2, SEQ ID NO:54, Hap3, SEQ ID NO:55 and Hap4 SEQ ID NO:56) at harvest, grown in a greenhouse and compared to a wildtype and an unedited potato. As shown in FIG.22, chips of the edited line E-PED165-7398 Quadruplex showed significantly lighter chips than the WT and unedited control.

[0601] FIG.23 shows in the first row, chips of the edited line E-PED165-7398 Quadruplex at one month from harvest, grown in a greenhouse and compared to a wildtype and an unedited potato and then in the second row, chips of the edited line E-PED165-7398 Quadruplex at two to three months from harvest, grown in a greenhouse and compared to a wildtype and an unedited potato. As shown in FIG.23, chips of the edited line E-PED165-7398 Quadruplex showed significantly lighter chips than the WT and unedited control.

[0602] FIG.24 shows in the first row, chips of the edited line E-PED165-7398 Quadruplex at one month from harvest, grown in a field at location BG (Black Gold farm in Camden, North Carolina) and the second row, chips of the edited line E-PED165-7398 Quadruplex at one month from harvest, grown in a field at location MR (Mills River farm, Mills, River, North Carolina).Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 As shown in FIG.24, chips of the edited line E-PED165-7398 Quadruplex showed significantly lighter chips than the WT and unedited control.

[0603] FIG.25 shows in the first row, chips of the edited line E-PED165-7398 Quadruplex at two to three months from harvest, grown in a field at location BG and the second row, chips of the edited line E-PED165-7398 Quadruplex at two to three months from harvest, grown in a field at location MR (Mills River farm, Mills, River, North Carolina). As shown in FIG.25, chips of the edited line E-PED165-7398 Quadruplex showed significantly lighter chips than the WT and unedited control. Measuring color post cold storage

[0604] Color is measured as described above after cold storage at about 4°C for two weeks, four weeks, eight weeks, sixteen weeks, twenty-four weeks, or thirty-two weeks. Example 5: Field Trials

[0605] FIG.14 provides data from field trials of greenhouse-grown minitubers sown as seed potatoes to begin field trials at two locations in North Carolina, USA. One trial was conducted at the Black Gold Farm (BG) in Camden, North Carolina and a second trial conducted at the Mills River farm (MR), Mills River, North Carolina.

[0606] Table 3 below shows the dates when mini-tubers were planted, vines were cut, and when tubers were harvested and graded. Table 3. Location Planting Vine Cutting Harvesting Grading

[0607] At BG, a randomized complete block design experiment was conducted with 4 blocks, 15 plants / plot, 1ft in-row spacing, including Atlantic .18 different genotypes were assessed, including 1 WT (wild-type), 1 unedited control, 1 minituber planting in field year 4, and 15 genotypes comprising different VINV allele combinations.

[0608] Tubers were harvested, counted by size, assessed for yield by size, specific gravity, hollow heart, soft rot, brown center, heat necrosis, misshape, growth crack, sun scald, pointed shape, and knobs. Symptoms of Rhizoctonia, common scab, and other infections were also assessed on 10 tubers per plot.Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1

[0609] Two tubers per plot, 8 tubers per genotype were chipped and assayed for chip color. Tubers were either subjected to frying at harvest (FRY0) or stored at 4° C for 1mo (FRY1) or 3 mo (FRY2) before frying. Chipping, frying, and color assessments were conducted as described herein.

[0610] At MR, a partially replicated randomized design experiment was conducted with 8 commercial varieties: Adirondack Blue, Dark Red Norland, Russet Burbank, Gold Rush, Kennebec, Superior, Yukon Gold, and Norwis.15 plants were planted per plot with 1 ft in-row spacing.24 different genotypes were assessed, including 1 WT, 1 unedited control, and 22 edited genotypes comprising different VINV allele combinations.

[0611] Tubers were harvested and assessed for total tuber weight, specific gravity, internal and external defects, and selected genotypes fried and assessed for post-frying chip color at time of harvest (FRY0), or after 1mo (FRY1) or after 3 mo (FRY2) cold storage at 4° C, as described herein.

[0612] There were 10 genotypes in common among both the BG and MR trials: 1 WT, 1 unedited control, and 8 edited comprising different VINV allele combinations. Field Trial Results - Yield

[0613] FIG.14 reveals the yield results of the experiments, demonstrating that in several instances, plants with edits in one or more VINV alleles performed better than plants with wild- type (WT) and / or unedited genotypes. In all cases, the simplex / single, duplex / double, or triplex / triple edit genotypes yielded more than the quadruple edit genotype, signifying that it is possible to improve yield by selectively editing certain VINV alleles instead of knocking out all four.

[0614] Several edited genotypes surprisingly appear to yield as well or better than the unedited controls, and a duplex edit genotype (2_Hap1_Hap2) and a triplex edit genotype (3_Hap1_Hap2_Hap3) produced mean yields that exceeded the WT and unedited controls. Chip Color

[0615] FIG.15 reveals the results of the CLS analysis conducted on tubers harvested from the field trials.

[0616] Although there was no Fry0 data collected from the BG trial, the quadruple edit genotype generated the best chip color whenever tested.Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1

[0617] Furthermore, tubers in the MR trial with the double / duplex edit genotype Hap1_Hap4_ or the triple / triplex edit genotype Hap1_Hap2_Hap3 unexpectedly performed about as well or better than the WT and unedited controls whenever tested (FRY1 and FRY2). Specific Gravity

[0618] FIG.21 reveals the specific gravity (SpGr) scores of the plants harvested from the BG trial. Twelve genotypes comprising edits in two or more VINV alleles exhibited average SpGr greater than the industry standard desired by most potato processors of 1.08: 7240, 7300, 7347, 7398, 7413, 7419, 7437, 7458, 7459, 7475, 7590, and 7632. Seven genotypes with edits in all four VINV alleles demonstrated surprisingly improved average SpGr compared to the wild type and the unedited control: 7347, 7398, 7458, 7459, 7475, and 7632. Two genotypes with edits in two 3 VINV alleles demonstrated surprisingly improved average SpGr compared to the unedited control: 7300 and 7590. Plants with the duplex edit included E-PED165 -7240 = Hap2_Hap3, triplex edited plants included E-PED165-7300 = hap1_hap2_hap4; E-PED165-7590 = hap1_hap3_hap4, and all full edits, shown in brown are quadraplex edits, also demonstrated surprisingly improved average SpGr compared to the wildtype and unedited control. Example 6: Greenhouse Trials

[0619] Atlantic variety minitubers were sown on August 9, 2023 in soil in 2-gallon pots in a greenhouse and grown under artificial lighting, fertilization and irrigation.80 days after planting (DAP), fertil...

Claims

Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 CLAIMS What is claimed is:

1. A potato plant comprising at least one mutation in a VINV allele wherein the plant exhibits an improved cold storage phenotype and improved yield compared to a potato plant lacking the at least one VINV mutation.

2. A potato plant comprising at least two mutations in a VINV allele wherein the plant exhibits an improved cold storage phenotype and improved yield compared to a potato plant lacking the at least two VINV mutations.

3. A potato plant comprising at least three mutations in a VINV allele wherein the plant exhibits an improved cold storage phenotype and improved yield compared to a potato plant lacking the at least three VINV mutations.

4. A modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprising a modification in at least one VINV allele, wherein a potato food product derived from said potato plant has a chip lightness score at least 10% greater than a potato food product derived from a control potato plant.

5. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of claim 4, wherein a potato food product derived from said potato plant is has a chip lightness score after frying between 10% and 25% greater than a potato food product derived from a control potato plant.

6. A modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprising a modification in at least one VINV allele, wherein a potato food product derived from said potato plant comprises a chip lightness score after frying greater than 63.

7. A modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprising a modification in at least one VINV allele, wherein a tuber of the modified potato plant comprises a glucose level at least 10% lower than that of a control plant, a fructose level at least 10% lower than that of a control plant, or both.

8. A modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprising a modification in at least two VINV alleles, wherein a potato food product derived from said potato plant has a chip lightness score at least 10% greater than a potato food product derived from a control potato plant.

9. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of claim 8, wherein a potato food product derived from said potato plant has a chip lightness score after frying between 10% and 25% greater than a potato food product derived from a control potato plant.Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 10. A modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprising a modification in at least two VINV alleles, wherein a potato food product derived from said potato plant comprises a chip lightness score after frying greater than 63.

11. A modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprising a modification in at least two VINV alleles, wherein a tuber of the modified potato plant comprises a glucose level at least 10% lower than that of a control plant, a fructose level at least 10% lower than that of a control plant, or both.

12. A modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprising a modification in at least three VINV alleles, wherein a potato food product derived from said potato plant has a chip lightness score after frying at least 10% greater than a potato food product derived from a control potato plant.

13. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of claim 12, wherein a potato food product derived from said potato plant is has a chip lightness score after frying between 10% and 25% greater than a potato food product derived from a control potato plant.

14. A modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprising a modification in at least three VINV alleles, wherein a potato food product derived from said potato plant comprises a chip lightness score after frying greater than 63.

15. A modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprising a modification in at least three VINV alleles, wherein a tuber of the modified potato plant comprises a glucose level at least 10% lower than that of a control plant, a fructose level at least 10% lower than that of a control plant, or both.

16. A modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprising a modification in four VINV alleles, wherein a potato food product derived from said potato plant has a chip lightness score after frying at least 10% greater than a potato food product derived from a control potato plant.

17. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of claim 16, wherein a potato food product derived from said potato plant is has a chip lightness score between 10% and 25% greater than a potato food product derived from a control potato plant.

18. A modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprising a modification in four VINV alleles, wherein a potato food product derived from said potato plant comprises a chip lightness score after frying greater than 63.Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 19. A modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprising a modification in four VINV alleles, wherein a tuber of the modified potato plant comprises a glucose level at least 10% lower than that of a control plant, a fructose level at least 10% lower than that of a control plant, or both.

20. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of any one of claims 4-19, wherein the potato food product is a chip.

21. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell any one of claims 4-19, wherein the potato food product is a French fry.

22. A modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprising a modification in at least one VINV allele wherein said VINV allele selected from the group consisting of the Hap1 VINV allele, the Hap2 VINV allele, the Hap3 VINV allele, the Hap4 VINV and the Hap5 VINV allele.

23. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of any one of claims 1-22, wherein the chip lightness score after frying is greater than 65.

24. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of any one of claims 1-22, wherein at least one of the Hap1 VINV allele, the Hap2 VINV allele, the Hap3 VINV allele, the Hap4 VINV or the Hap5 VINV allele comprises a mutation.

25. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of any one of claims 1-22, at least one of the Hap1 VINV allele, the Hap2 VINV allele, the Hap3 VINV allele, the Hap4 VINV or the Hap5 VINV allele comprises a mutation.

26. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of any of any one of claims 1-22, wherein at least one of the Hap1 VINV allele, the Hap2 VINV allele, the Hap3 VINV allele, the Hap4 VINV or the Hap5 VINV allele are wild type.

27. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of any one of claims 1-22, wherein at least two of the VINV alleles are edited.

28. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of any one of claims 1-22, wherein at least three of the VINV alleles are edited.

29. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of any one of claims 1-22, wherein four of the VINV alleles are edited.

30. A modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprising a mutation in at least one of the Hap1, Hap2, Hap3, Hap4 and Hap5 VINV alleles, wherein the mutation was generated via a guided endonuclease, and wherein the endonuclease binds to a protospacer sequence chosenAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 from SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, SEQ ID NO: 151 SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, SEQ ID NO: 157 and SEQ ID NO: 158, or a sequence having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, or at least 95% identity to SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, SEQ ID NO: 151 SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, SEQ ID NO: 157 or SEQ ID NO:

158.

31. A modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprising a mutation in at least one or more of the Hap1, Hap2, Hap3, Hap4 and Hap5 VINV alleles, wherein each mutation was generated via a guided endonuclease, and wherein each mutation comprises one or more nucleotides corresponding to the editing window of SEQ ID NO: 169 when the modified VINV allele is aligned to SEQ ID NO:

169.

32. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of any one of claims 1-31, wherein the Hap1 VINV allele comprises a sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO:1, SEQ ID NO:5, SEQ ID NO:9, SEQ ID NO:13, SEQ ID NO:17, SEQ ID NO:21, SEQ ID NO:25, SEQ ID NO:29, SEQ ID NO:33, SEQ ID NO:37, SEQ ID NO:41, SEQ ID NO:45, SEQ ID NO:49, SEQ ID NO:53, SEQ ID NO:57, SEQ ID NO:61, SEQ ID NO:65, SEQ ID NO:69, SEQ ID NO:73, SEQ ID NO:77, SEQ ID NO:81, SEQ ID NO:85, SEQ ID NO:89, SEQ ID NO:93, SEQ ID NO:97, SEQ ID NO:101, SEQ ID NO:105, SEQ ID NO:109, SEQ ID NO:113, SEQ ID NO:117, SEQ ID NO:1121, SEQ ID NO:125, SEQ ID NO:129, SEQ ID NO:133 SEQ ID NO:137, SEQ ID NO:141, SEQ ID NO:145, SEQ ID NO:170, SEQ ID NO:174 SEQ ID NO:178 SEQ ID NO:182, SEQ ID NO:186, SEQ ID NO:190, SEQ ID NO:194, SEQ ID NO:198, SEQ ID NO:202, SEQ ID NO:206, SEQ ID NO:210, SEQ ID NO:214, SEQ ID NO:218, SEQ ID NO:222, and SEQ ID NO:

226.

33. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of any one of claims 1-31, wherein the Hap2 VINV allele comprises a sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO:2, SEQ ID NO:6, SEQ ID NO:10, SEQ ID NO:14, SEQ ID NO:18, SEQ ID NO:22, SEQ ID NO:26, SEQ ID NO:30, SEQ ID NO:34, SEQ ID NO:38, SEQ ID NO:42, SEQ ID NO:46, SEQ ID NO:50, SEQ ID NO:54, SEQ ID NO:58, SEQ ID NO:62, SEQ ID NO:66, SEQ ID NO:70, SEQ ID NO:74, SEQ ID NO:78, SEQ ID NO:82, SEQ ID NO:86, SEQ ID NO:90, SEQ ID NO:94, SEQ ID NO:98, SEQ ID NO:102, SEQ ID NO:106, SEQ ID NO:110, SEQ ID NO:114, SEQ ID NO:118, SEQ ID NO:122, SEQ ID NO:126, SEQ ID NO:130, SEQ ID NO:134 SEQ IDAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 NO:138, SEQ ID NO:142, SEQ ID NO:146, SEQ ID NO:171, SEQ ID NO:175, SEQ ID NO:179 SEQ ID NO:183, SEQ ID NO:187, SEQ ID NO:191, SEQ ID NO:195, SEQ ID NO:199, SEQ ID NO:203, SEQ ID NO:207, SEQ ID NO:211, SEQ ID NO:215, SEQ ID NO:219, SEQ ID NO:223, and SEQ ID NO:

227.

34. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of any one of claims 1-31, wherein the Hap3 VINV allele comprises a sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO:3, SEQ ID NO:7, SEQ ID NO:11, SEQ ID NO:15, SEQ ID NO:19, SEQ ID NO:23, SEQ ID NO:27, SEQ ID NO:31, SEQ ID NO:35, SEQ ID NO:39, SEQ ID NO:43, SEQ ID NO:47, SEQ ID NO:51, SEQ ID NO:55, SEQ ID NO:59, SEQ ID NO:63, SEQ ID NO:67, SEQ ID NO:71, SEQ ID NO:75, SEQ ID NO:79, SEQ ID NO:83, SEQ ID NO:87, SEQ ID NO:91, SEQ ID NO:95, SEQ ID NO:99, SEQ ID NO:103, SEQ ID NO:107, SEQ ID NO:172, SEQ ID NO:176, SEQ ID NO:180 SEQ ID NO:184, SEQ ID NO:188, SEQ ID NO:192, SEQ ID NO:196, SEQ ID NO:216, SEQ ID NO:220, SEQ ID NO:224, and SEQ ID NO:

228.

35. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of any one of claims 1-31, wherein the Hap4 VINV allele comprises a sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: SEQ ID NO:4, SEQ ID NO:8, SEQ ID NO:12, SEQ ID NO:16, SEQ ID NO:20, SEQ ID NO:24, SEQ ID NO:28, SEQ ID NO:32, SEQ ID NO:36, SEQ ID NO:40, SEQ ID NO:44, SEQ ID NO:48, SEQ ID NO:52, SEQ ID NO:56, SEQ ID NO:60, SEQ ID NO:64 SEQ ID NO:68, SEQ ID NO:72, SEQ ID NO:76, SEQ ID NO:80, SEQ ID NO:84, SEQ ID NO:88, SEQ ID NO:92, SEQ ID NO:96, SEQ ID NO:100, SEQ ID NO:104, SEQ ID NO:108, SEQ ID NO:173, SEQ ID NO:177, SEQ ID NO:181, SEQ ID NO:185, SEQ ID NO:189, SEQ ID NO:193, SEQ ID NO:197, SEQ ID NO:217, SEQ ID NO:221, SEQ ID NO:225, and SEQ ID NO:

229.

36. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of any one of claims 1-31, wherein the Hap5 VINV allele comprises a sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: SEQ ID NO:111, SEQ ID NO:112, SEQ ID NO:115, SEQ ID NO:116, SEQ ID NO:119, SEQ ID NO:120, SEQ ID NO:123, SEQ ID NO:124, SEQ ID NO:128, SEQ ID NO:129, SEQ ID NO:131, SEQ ID NO:132, SEQ ID NO:135, SEQ ID NO:136, SEQ ID NO:139, SEQ ID NO:140, SEQ ID NO:143, SEQ ID NO:144, SEQ ID NO:147, and SEQ ID NO:

148.

37. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of any one of claims 1-36, wherein the chip lightness score was determined prior to cold storage.Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 38. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of any one of claims 1-36, wherein the chip lightness score was determined after cold storage.

39. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of any one of claims 1-36, wherein the control potato plant comprises a genetic modification in four of the Hap1, Hap2, Hap3, Hap4 and Hap5 VINV alleles.

40. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of any one of claims 1-36, wherein the control potato plant lacks one or more, or all, of the genetic modifications in the VINV alleles.

41. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of any one of claims 1-36, wherein the control plant is unedited.

42. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of any one of claims 1-36, wherein the control plant is wildtype.

43. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of any one of claims 1-36, wherein the control plant is a null segregant.

44. A modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprising an edit in four VINV alleles, wherein the edit was generated via a guided endonuclease, such that the VINV alleles of said potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprise four sequences selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-148 and SEQ ID Nos: 170-229.

45. A modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprising a mutation in at least one VINV allele, wherein the mutation was generated via a guided endonuclease, and wherein the endonuclease binds to a protospacer sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, SEQ ID NO: 151, SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, SEQ ID NO: 157, and SEQ ID NO: 158, or a sequence having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, or at least 95% identity to SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, SEQ ID NO: 151, SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, SEQ ID NO: 157, or SEQ ID NO:

158.

46. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of claim 45, wherein the potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprises a mutation in two, three, or four VINV alleles.

47. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of claim 45 or 46, wherein the endonuclease is complexed with a guide RNA comprising the sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 159, SEQ ID NO: 160, SEQ ID NO: 161, SEQ ID NO: 162, SEQ ID NO: 163, SEQ ID NO: 164, SEQ ID NO: 165, SEQ ID NO: 166, SEQ ID NO: 167 and SEQ IDAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 NO:168, or a sequence having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, or at least 95% identity selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 159, SEQ ID NO: 160, SEQ ID NO: 161, SEQ ID NO: 162, SEQ ID NO: 163, SEQ ID NO: 164, SEQ ID NO: 165, SEQ ID NO: 166, SEQ ID NO: 167 or SEQ ID NO:

168.

48. A modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprising a mutation in four VINV alleles, wherein each edit was generated via a guided endonuclease, and wherein each edit comprises edit of one or more nucleotides corresponding to the editing window of SEQ ID NO: 169 when the modified VINV allele is aligned to SEQ ID NO:

169.

49. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of any one of claims 30-48, wherein the guided endonuclease is a Cas protein.

50. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of any one of claims 30-48, wherein the VINV alleles are selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-148 and SEQ ID Nos: 170-229.

51. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of any one of claims 30-48, wherein the potato plant, plant part, or plant cell is derived from a breeding line selected from a group consisting of Russet Burbank and Atlantic.

52. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of claim 51, wherein the breeding line is Atlantic.

53. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of claim 51, wherein the breeding line is Russet Burbank.

54. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of any one of claims 30-53, wherein VINV activity in the potato plant, plant part, or plant cell is decreased by at least 50% compared to a control potato plant, plant part, or plant cell.

55. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of claim 54, wherein VINV activity in the potato plant, plant part, or plant cell is decreased by at least 85% compared to a control potato plant, plant part, or plant cell.

56. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of claim 54, wherein VINV activity in the potato plant, plant part, or plant cell is decreased by at least 95% compared to a control potato plant, plant part, or plant cell.Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 57. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of claim 54, wherein VINV activity in the potato plant, plant part, or plant cell is decreased by at least 99% compared to a control potato plant, plant part, or plant cell.

58. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of any one of claims 30-57, wherein the plant, plant part, or plant cell is non-transgenic.

59. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of any one of claims 30-58, wherein a tuber sugar profile obtained from said plant comprises a lower level of glucose, fructose, or both compared to a tuber sugar profile obtained from a control plant.

60. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of claim 59, wherein the tuber sugar profile obtained from said plant comprises a lower level of glucose compared to the tuber sugar profile obtained from a control plant.

61. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of claim 59, wherein the tuber sugar profile obtained from said plant comprises a lower level of fructose compared to the tuber sugar profile obtained from a control plant.

62. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of claim 59, wherein the specific gravity profile obtained from said plant comprises a higher specific gravity compared to the specific gravity profile obtained from a control plant.

63. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of any one of claims 30-62, wherein a tuber sugar profile obtained from said plant comprises a higher level of sucrose compared to a tuber sugar profile obtained from a control plant, wherein the percent increase of sucrose in the modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell does not exceed 200% compared to a tuber sugar profile obtained from a control plant.

64. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of claim 63, wherein a tuber sugar profile obtained from said plant comprises a higher level of sucrose compared to a tuber sugar profile obtained from a control plant, wherein the percent increase of sucrose in the modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell does not exceed 100% compared to a tuber sugar profile obtained from a control plant.

65. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of claim 63, wherein a tuber sugar profile obtained from said plant comprises a higher level of sucrose compared to a tuber sugar profile obtained from a control plant, wherein the percent increase of sucrose in the modifiedAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 potato plant, plant part, or plant cell does not exceed 50% compared to a tuber sugar profile obtained from a control plant.

66. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of claim 63, wherein a tuber sugar profile obtained from said plant comprises a higher level of sucrose compared to a tuber sugar profile obtained from a control plant, wherein the percent increase of sucrose in the modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell does not exceed 25% compared to a tuber sugar profile obtained from a control plant.

67. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of claims 59-66, wherein the tuber sugar profile was obtained using a colorimetric assay.

68. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of claim 59-66, wherein the tuber sugar profile was obtained using high pressure liquid chromatography.

69. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of any one of claims 59-68, wherein the tuber sugar profile is obtained at harvest.

70. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of any one of claims 59-68, wherein the tuber sugar profile is obtained after cold storage.

71. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of any one of claims 30-70, wherein post-chilling acrylamide levels are lower than those of a control potato plant, plant part, or plant cell.

72. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of claim 71, wherein the post-chilling acrylamide levels are at least 50% lower than those of a control potato plant, plant part, or plant cell.

73. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of claim 71, wherein the post-chilling acrylamide levels are at least 75% lower than those of a control potato plant, plant part, or plant cell.

74. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of claim 71, wherein the post-chilling acrylamide levels are at least 85% lower than those of a control potato plant, plant part, or plant cell.

75. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of claim 71, wherein the post-chilling acrylamide levels are at least 95% lower than those of a control potato plant, plant part, or plant cell.Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 76. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of claim 71, wherein the post-chilling acrylamide levels are at least 99% lower than those of a control potato plant, plant part, or plant cell.

77. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of claims 72-76, wherein the post- chilling acrylamide levels are obtained from a potato food product.

78. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of any one of claims 30-76, wherein a potato food product produced from said plant has a chip lightness score greater than a potato food product produced from a control plant.

79. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of claim 78, wherein the chip lightness score is determined by a colorimetric reading.

80. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of claim 79, wherein the chip lightness score is between 25% and 100% greater than that of a manufactured potato product produced from a control plant.

81. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of any one of claims 1-80, wherein the control potato plant, plant part, or plant cell lacks one or more, or all, of the mutations, edits, deletions, inversions, or duplications in the VINV alleles.

82. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of any one of claims 1-80, wherein the control plant is unedited.

83. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of any one of claims 1-80, wherein the control plant is wildtype.

84. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of any one of claims 1-80, wherein the control plant is a null segregant.

85. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of claim of any one of claims 1-84, wherein the control potato plant, plant part, or plant cell is of the same breeding line as the modified potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell.

86. The modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of any one of claims 1-85 wherein the plant part or plant cell is non-regenerable.

87. A processed potato product derived from the modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell of any one of claims 1-86, wherein the processed potato product comprises a detectable amount of at least one of the VINV alleles of the modified plant, plant part, or plant cell.Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 88. The processed potato product of claim 87, wherein the processed potato product is selected from the group consisting of biomass, oil, meal, food starch, syrup, sugar, animal feed, flour, flakes, chips, fries, wedges, hash browns, tater tots, baked potatoes, mashed potatoes, dehydrated potatoes, pellets, abraded peels, steamed peels, potato slurry, potato puree, filter cake, screen solids, pulp, potato protein isolate or concentrate, culled fries, culled crisps, crowns, batter, crumbles, nubbins, or an alcoholic beverage.

89. The processed potato product of claim 88, wherein the processed potato product is chips.

90. The processed potato product of any one of claims 87-89, wherein the processed potato product is non-regenerable.

91. A method of producing a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell, the method comprising: introducing into a potato cell at least one guided endonuclease that together bind to a protospacer sequence of at least one VINV allele; and regenerating a modified potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell from the potato cell, wherein the modified potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell comprises an edit in at least one VINV allele, such that the at least one VINV allele of said modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprises at least one sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-148 and SEQ ID Nos: 170-229.

92. A method of producing a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell, the method comprising: introducing into a potato cell at least one guided endonuclease that together bind to a protospacer sequence of at least two VINV alleles; and regenerating a modified potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell from the potato cell, wherein the modified potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell comprises an edit in at least two VINV allele, such that the at least two VINV alleles of said modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprises at least one sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-148 and SEQ ID Nos: 170-229.

93. A method of producing a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell, the method comprising: introducing into a potato cell at least one guided endonuclease that together bind to a protospacer sequence of at least three VINV alleles; andAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 regenerating a modified potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell from the potato cell, wherein the modified potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell comprises an edit in at least three VINV allele, such that the at least three VINV alleles of said modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprises at least one sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-148 and SEQ ID Nos: 170-229.

94. A method of producing a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell, the method comprising: introducing into a potato cell at least one guided endonuclease that together bind to a protospacer sequence of four VINV alleles; and regenerating a modified potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell from the potato cell, wherein the modified potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell comprises an edit in four VINV allele, such that the four VINV allele of said modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell comprises at least one sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-148 and SEQ ID Nos: 170-229.

95. The method of claims 91-94, wherein the method comprises: introducing the at least one guided endonuclease into a plurality of potato cells; regenerating a plurality of potato plants or plant parts from the plurality of potato cells; and selecting from the plurality of regenerated potato plants or plant parts a potato plant or plant part having an edit in at least one VINV allele.

96. A method of producing a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell, the method comprising: introducing into a potato cell a guided endonuclease that binds to a protospacer sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, SEQ ID NO: 151, SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, SEQ ID NO: 157, and SEQ ID NO: 158, or a sequence having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, or at least 95% identity selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, SEQ ID NO: 151, SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, SEQ ID NO: 157 or SEQ ID NO: 158; and regenerating a modified potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell from the potato cell,Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 wherein the modified potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell comprises a mutation in at least one VINV allele.

97. The method of claim 96, wherein the method comprises: introducing the guided endonuclease into a plurality of potato cells; regenerating a plurality of potato plants or plant parts from the plurality of potato cells; and selecting from the plurality of regenerated potato plants or plant parts a potato plant or plant part having a mutation in at least one VINV allele.

98. The method of claim 96 or 97, wherein the modified potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell comprises an edit at least one VINV allele.

99. A method of producing a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell, the method comprising: introducing into a potato cell a guided endonuclease that binds to a protospacer sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, SEQ ID NO: 151, SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, SEQ ID NO: 157, and SEQ ID NO: 158, or a sequence having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, or at least 95% identity selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, SEQ ID NO: 151, SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, SEQ ID NO: 157 or SEQ ID NO: 158; and regenerating a modified potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell from the potato cell, wherein the modified potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell comprises a mutation in at least two VINV alleles.

100. The method of claim 99, wherein the method comprises: introducing the guided endonuclease into a plurality of potato cells; regenerating a plurality of potato plants or plant parts from the plurality of potato cells; and selecting from the plurality of regenerated potato plants or plant parts a potato plant or plant part having a mutation in at least two VINV alleles.

101. The method of claim 99 or 100, wherein the modified potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell comprises an edit at least two VINV alleles.Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 102. A method of producing a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell, the method comprising: introducing into a potato cell a guided endonuclease that binds to a protospacer sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, SEQ ID NO: 151, SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, SEQ ID NO: 157, and SEQ ID NO: 158, or a sequence having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, or at least 95% identity selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, SEQ ID NO: 151, SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, SEQ ID NO: 157 or SEQ ID NO: 158; and regenerating a modified potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell from the potato cell, wherein the modified potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell comprises a mutation in at least three VINV alleles.

103. The method of claim 102, wherein the method comprises: introducing the guided endonuclease into a plurality of potato cells; regenerating a plurality of potato plants or plant parts from the plurality of potato cells; and selecting from the plurality of regenerated potato plants or plant parts a potato plant or plant part having a mutation in at least three VINV alleles.

104. The method of claim 102 or 103, wherein the modified potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell comprises an edit at least three VINV alleles.

105. A method of producing a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell, the method comprising: introducing into a potato cell a guided endonuclease that binds to a protospacer sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, SEQ ID NO: 151, SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, SEQ ID NO: 157, and SEQ ID NO: 158, or a sequence having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, or at least 95% identity selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, SEQ ID NO: 151, SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, SEQ ID NO: 157 or SEQ ID NO: 158; andAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 regenerating a modified potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell from the potato cell, wherein the modified potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell comprises a mutation in four VINV alleles.

106. The method of claim 105, wherein the method comprises: introducing the guided endonuclease into a plurality of potato cells; regenerating a plurality of potato plants or plant parts from the plurality of potato cells; and selecting from the plurality of regenerated potato plants or plant parts a potato plant or plant part having a mutation in four VINV alleles.

107. The method of claim 105 or 106, wherein the modified potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell comprises an edit in four VINV alleles.

108. The method of any one of claims 91-106, wherein the endonuclease is complexed with a guide RNA comprising the sequence of SEQ ID NO: selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 159, SEQ ID NO: 160, SEQ ID NO: 161, SEQ ID NO: 162, SEQ ID NO: 163, SEQ ID NO: 164, SEQ ID NO: 165, SEQ ID NO: 166, SEQ ID NO: 167 and SEQ ID NO:168, or a sequence having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, or at least 95% identity to SEQ ID NO: 159, SEQ ID NO: 160, SEQ ID NO: 161, SEQ ID NO: 162, SEQ ID NO: 163, SEQ ID NO: 164, SEQ ID NO: 165, SEQ ID NO: 166, SEQ ID NO: 167 or SEQ ID NO:

168.

109. A method of producing a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell, the method comprising: introducing into a potato cell at least one guided endonuclease that binds to a protospacer sequence of at least one VINV allele; and regenerating a modified potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell from the potato cell, wherein the modified potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell comprises a mutation in at least one VINV allele, such that each edit comprises mutation of one or more nucleotides corresponding to the editing window of SEQ ID NO: 169 when the modified VINV allele is aligned to SEQ ID NO:

169.

110. The method of claim 109, wherein the method comprises: introducing the at least one guided endonuclease into a plurality of potato cells; regenerating a plurality of potato plants or plant parts from the plurality of potato cells; andAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 selecting from the plurality of regenerated potato plants or plant parts a potato plant or plant part having, in each VINV allele, a mutation of one or more nucleotides corresponding to the editing window of SEQ ID NO: 169 when the modified VINV allele is aligned to SEQ ID NO:

169.

111. A method of producing a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell, the method comprising: introducing into a potato cell at least one guided endonuclease that binds to a protospacer sequence of at least two VINV alleles; and regenerating a modified potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell from the potato cell, wherein the modified potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell comprises a mutation in at least two VINV alleles, such that each edit comprises mutation of one or more nucleotides corresponding to the editing window of SEQ ID NO: 169 when the modified VINV allele is aligned to SEQ ID NO:

169.

112. The method of claim 111, wherein the method comprises: introducing the at least one guided endonuclease into a plurality of potato cells; regenerating a plurality of potato plants or plant parts from the plurality of potato cells; and selecting from the plurality of regenerated potato plants or plant parts a potato plant or plant part having, in each VINV allele, a mutation of one or more nucleotides corresponding to the editing window of SEQ ID NO: 169 when the modified VINV allele is aligned to SEQ ID NO:

169.

113. A method of producing a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell, the method comprising: introducing into a potato cell at least one guided endonuclease that binds to a protospacer sequence of at least three VINV alleles; and regenerating a modified potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell from the potato cell, wherein the modified potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell comprises a mutation in at least three VINV alleles, such that each edit comprises mutation of one or more nucleotides corresponding to the editing window of SEQ ID NO: 169 when the modified VINV allele is aligned to SEQ ID NO:

169.

114. The method of claim 113, wherein the method comprises:Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 introducing the at least one guided endonuclease into a plurality of potato cells; regenerating a plurality of potato plants or plant parts from the plurality of potato cells; and selecting from the plurality of regenerated potato plants or plant parts a potato plant or plant part having, in each VINV allele, a mutation of one or more nucleotides corresponding to the editing window of SEQ ID NO: 169 when the modified VINV allele is aligned to SEQ ID NO:

169.

115. A method of producing a modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell, the method comprising: introducing into a potato cell at least one guided endonuclease that together bind to a protospacer sequence of four VINV alleles; and regenerating a modified potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell from the potato cell, wherein the modified potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell comprises a mutation in four VINV alleles, such that each edit comprises mutation of one or more nucleotides corresponding to the editing window of SEQ ID NO: 169 when the modified VINV allele is aligned to SEQ ID NO:

169.

116. The method of claim 115, wherein the method comprises: introducing the at least one guided endonuclease into a plurality of potato cells; regenerating a plurality of potato plants or plant parts from the plurality of potato cells; and selecting from the plurality of regenerated potato plants or plant parts a potato plant or plant part having, in each VINV allele, a mutation of one or more nucleotides corresponding to the editing window of SEQ ID NO: 169 when the modified VINV allele is aligned to SEQ ID NO:

169.

117. The method of any one of claims 91-116, wherein the guided endonuclease is a Cas protein.

118. The method of any one of claims 91-116, wherein the at least one VINV allele is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-148 and SEQ ID Nos: 170-229.

119. The method of any one of claims 91-116, wherein the at least two VINV alleles are selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-148 and SEQ ID Nos: 170-229.Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 120. The method of any one of claims 91-116, wherein the at least three VINV alleles are selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-148 and SEQ ID Nos: 170-229.

121. The method of any one of claims 91-116, wherein the four VINV alleles are selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-148 and SEQ ID Nos: 170-229.

122. The method of any one of claims 91-116, wherein the endonuclease binds to a protospacer sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, SEQ ID NO: 151, SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, SEQ ID NO: 157, and SEQ ID NO: 158, or a sequence having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, or at least 95% identity to SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, SEQ ID NO: 151, SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, SEQ ID NO: 157, or SEQ ID NO:

158.

123. The method of any one of claims 91-116, wherein the endonuclease is complexed with a guide RNA comprising the sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 159, SEQ ID NO: 160, SEQ ID NO: 161, SEQ ID NO: 162, SEQ ID NO: 163, SEQ ID NO: 164, SEQ ID NO: 165, SEQ ID NO: 166, SEQ ID NO: 167 and SEQ ID NO:168, or a sequence having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, or at least 95% identity to SEQ ID NO: 159, SEQ ID NO: 160, SEQ ID NO: 161, SEQ ID NO: 162, SEQ ID NO: 163, SEQ ID NO: 164, SEQ ID NO: 165, SEQ ID NO: 166, SEQ ID NO: 167 or SEQ ID NO:

168.

124. The method of any one of claims 91-116, wherein is the potato plant, plant part, or plant cell is derived from a breeding line selected from a group consisting of Russet Burbank and Atlantic.

125. The method of claim 124, wherein the breeding line is Atlantic.

126. The method of claim 124, wherein the breeding line is Russet Burbank.

127. The method of any one of claims 91-124, wherein VINV activity in the modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell is decreased by at least 50% compared to a control potato plant, plant part, or plant cell.

128. The method of claim 127, wherein VINV activity in the modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell is decreased by at least 85% compared to a control potato plant, plant part, or plant cell.Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 129. The method of claim 127, wherein VINV activity in the modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell is decreased by at least 95% compared to a control potato plant, plant part, or plant cell.

130. The method of claim 127, wherein VINV activity in the modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell is decreased by at least 99% compared to a control potato plant, plant part, or plant cell.

131. The method of any one of claims 91-130 wherein the plant, plant part, or plant cell is non-transgenic.

132. The method of any one of claims 91-130, wherein a tuber sugar profile obtained from said plant comprises a lower level of glucose, fructose, or both compared to a tuber sugar profile obtained from a control plant.

133. The method of claim 132, wherein the tuber sugar profile obtained from said plant comprises a lower level of glucose compared to the tuber sugar profile obtained from a control plant.

134. The method of claim 132, wherein the tuber sugar profile obtained from said plant comprises a lower level of fructose compared to the tuber sugar profile obtained from a control plant.

135. The method of any one of claims 91-134, wherein a tuber sugar profile obtained from said plant comprises a higher level of sucrose compared to a tuber sugar profile obtained from a control plant, wherein the percent increase of sucrose in the modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell does not exceed 200% compared to a tuber sugar profile obtained from a control plant.

136. The method of claim 135, wherein a tuber sugar profile obtained from said plant comprises a higher level of sucrose compared to a tuber sugar profile obtained from a control plant, wherein the percent increase of sucrose in the modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell does not exceed 100% compared to a tuber sugar profile obtained from a control plant.

137. The method of claim 135, wherein a tuber sugar profile obtained from said plant comprises a higher level of sucrose compared to a tuber sugar profile obtained from a control plant, wherein the percent increase of sucrose in the modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell does not exceed 50% compared to a tuber sugar profile obtained from a control plant.

138. The method of claim 135, wherein a tuber sugar profile obtained from said plant comprises a higher level of sucrose compared to a tuber sugar profile obtained from a controlAttorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 plant, wherein the percent increase of sucrose in the modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell does not exceed 25% compared to a tuber sugar profile obtained from a control plant.

139. The method of claims 132-138, wherein the tuber sugar profile was obtained using a colorimetric assay.

140. The method of claims 132-138, wherein the tuber sugar profile was obtained using high pressure liquid chromatography.

141. The method of any one of claims 132-140, wherein the tuber sugar profile is obtained at harvest.

142. The method of any one of claims 132-140, wherein the tuber sugar profile is obtained after cold storage.

143. The method of any one of claims 91-142, wherein the specific gravity profile obtained from said plant comprises a higher specific gravity compared to the specific gravity profile obtained from a control plant.

144. The method of any one of claims 91-140, wherein post-chilling acrylamide levels are lower than those of a control potato plant, plant part, or plant cell.

145. The method of claim 144, wherein the post-chilling acrylamide levels are at least 50% lower than those of a control potato plant, plant part, or plant cell.

146. The method of claim 144, wherein the post-chilling acrylamide levels are at least 75% lower than those of a control potato plant, plant part, or plant cell.

147. The method of claim 144, wherein the post-chilling acrylamide levels are at least 85% lower than those of a control potato plant, plant part, or plant cell.

148. The method of claim 144, wherein the post-chilling acrylamide levels are at least 99% lower than those of a control potato plant, plant part, or plant cell.

149. The method of claims 144-149, wherein the post-chilling acrylamide levels are obtained from a potato food product.

150. The method of any one of claims 91-149, wherein a potato food product produced from said plant has a chip lightness score greater than a potato food product produced from a control plant.

151. The method of claim 150, wherein the chip lightness score is determined by a colorimetric reading.Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 152. The method of claim 150 or 151, wherein the chip lightness score is between 25% and 100% greater than that of a manufactured potato product produced from a control plant.

153. The method of any one of claims 91-152, wherein the control potato plant, plant part, or plant cell lacks one or more, or all, of the deletions, inversions, or duplications in the VINV alleles.

154. The method of any one of claims 91-152, wherein the control plant is unedited.

155. The method of any one of claims 91-152, wherein the control plant is wildtype.

156. The method of any one of claims 91-152, wherein the control plant is a null segregant.

157. The method of any one of claims 91-152, wherein the control potato plant, plant part, or plant cell is of the same breeding line as the modified potato plant, plant, part, or plant cell.

158. The method of any one of claims 91-152 wherein the plant part or plant cell is non- regenerable.

159. A potato genome, characterized by comprising a mutation in at least one VINV allele, the at least one VINV allele comprising at least one sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-148 and SEQ ID Nos: 170-229.

160. A potato genome, characterized by comprising a mutation in at least two VINV alleles, the at least two VINV alleles comprising at least two sequences selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-148 and SEQ ID Nos: 170-229.

161. A potato genome, characterized by comprising a mutation in at least three VINV alleles, the at least three VINV alleles comprising at least three sequences selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-148 and SEQ ID Nos: 170-229.

162. A potato genome, characterized by comprising a mutation in four VINV alleles, the four VINV alleles comprising four sequences selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1- 148 and SEQ ID Nos: 170-229.

163. A potato genome, characterized by comprising a mutation in at least one VINV allele, each mutation comprising mutation of one or more nucleotides corresponding to the editing window of SEQ ID NO: 169 when the modified VINV allele is aligned to SEQ ID NO:

169.

164. A potato genome, characterized by comprising a mutation in at least two VINV alleles, each mutation comprising mutation of one or more nucleotides corresponding to the editing window of SEQ ID NO: 169 when the modified VINV allele is aligned to SEQ ID NO: 169.Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 165. A potato genome, characterized by comprising a mutation in at least three VINV alleles, each mutation comprising mutation of one or more nucleotides corresponding to the editing window of SEQ ID NO: 169 when the modified VINV allele is aligned to SEQ ID NO:

169.

166. A potato genome, characterized by comprising a mutation in four VINV alleles, each mutation comprising mutation of one or more nucleotides corresponding to the editing window of SEQ ID NO: 169 when the modified VINV allele is aligned to SEQ ID NO:

169.

167. The potato genome of claims 159-166, wherein the potato genome is modified.

168. The potato genome of any one of claims 159-166, where the potato genome is not in a viable non-microbial cell.

169. The potato genome of any one of claims 159-166, wherein the VINV alleles are selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-148 and SEQ ID Nos: 170-229.

170. A potato product comprising the potato genome of any one of claims 159-169.

171. A guide RNA comprising a targeting sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 159, SEQ ID NO: 160, SEQ ID NO: 161, SEQ ID NO: 162, SEQ ID NO: 163, SEQ ID NO: 164, SEQ ID NO: 165, SEQ ID NO: 166, SEQ ID NO: 167 and SEQ ID NO:168, or a sequence having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, or at least 95% identity to SEQ ID NO: 159, SEQ ID NO: 160, SEQ ID NO: 161, SEQ ID NO: 162, SEQ ID NO: 163, SEQ ID NO: 164, SEQ ID NO: 165, SEQ ID NO: 166, SEQ ID NO: 167 or SEQ ID NO:

168.

172. A guide RNA comprising a target sequence having at least at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, or 100% identity to 20 consecutive nucleotides of SEQ ID NO:

169.

173. A recombinant DNA construct comprising a first expression cassette comprising a first DNA sequence encoding the guide RNA of claim 168 or claim 169.

174. The recombinant DNA construct of claim 173, wherein the first DNA sequence is operably linked to a first plant-expressible promoter.

175. The recombinant DNA construct of claim 174, further comprising an expression cassette comprising a second DNA sequence encoding a guided endonuclease, wherein the second DNA sequence is operably linked to a second plant-expressible promoter.

176. The recombinant DNA construct of claim 175, wherein the guided endonuclease is a Cas protein.

177. A vector comprising the recombinant DNA construct of any one of claims 173-176.Attorney Docket: OHLO.23WOU1 178. A host cell comprising the vector of claim 177.

179. The host cell of claim 178, wherein the host cell is a bacterial cell.

180. The host cell of claim 179, wherein the bacterial cell is an Agrobacterium cell.

181. The host cell of claim 180, wherein the host cell is a plant cell.

182. A composition comprising the guide RNA of claim 171 or 172 complexed with a guided endonuclease.

183. The composition of claim 182, wherein the guided endonuclease is a Cas protein.

184. A kit for producing modified potato plant, plant part, or plant cell, the kit comprising one or more of the guide RNA of claim 171 or 172, the recombinant DNA construct of any one of claims 173-176, the vector of claim 177, the host cell of any one of claims 178-181, and the composition of claim 182 or 183.

185. The kit of claim 184, further comprising instructions for using the guide RNA, the recombinant DNA construct, the vector, the host cell, the composition, or a combination thereof to introduce into a potato cell one or more guided endonucleases that together bind to a protospacer sequence of each of one or more VINV alleles, two or more VINV alleles, three or more VINV alleles or four VINV alleles.

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