Curved dimming film, curved dimming glass, and preparation thereof

Abstract

A curved dimming film, curved dimming glass, and a preparation method therefor. A curved dimming film having a predetermined size and shape, that is, a predetermined curved surface function θ, is prepared by means of technical means of pulsed thermal shock and hot-press molding of a planar dimming film, and curved glass corresponding to the curved dimming film is further used to prepare curved dimming glass. Thus, the appearance defect of wrinkles of a planar dimming film caused by the use of the planar dimming film to prepare curved dimming glass may be avoided. The method is simple and easy to control, and has good application prospects.

Description

Curved dimming film, curved dimming glass and preparation thereof

[0001] This application claims priority to the international patent application number PCT / CN2023 / 138058, filed with the Patent Office of China on December 12, 2023, entitled “A Curved Surface Dimming Film, Curved Surface Dimming Glass and Its Preparation”, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. Technical Field

[0002] The present invention relates to a dimming film and a dimming glass, and more particularly to a curved dimming film, a curved dimming glass and their preparation. Background Art

[0003] Smart glass is a light-control device that primarily involves placing a smart film between two layers of transparent glass. Types of smart films include suspended particle (SPD) smart film, polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) smart film, electrochromic (EC) smart film, thermochromic (TC) smart film, and photochromic (PC) smart film. Smart glass made with suspended particle smart film, polymer dispersed liquid crystal smart film, and electrochromic smart film are called suspended particle smart glass, polymer dispersed liquid crystal smart glass, and electrochromic smart glass, respectively. For suspended particle smart glass, polymer dispersed liquid crystal smart glass, and electrochromic smart glass, when electricity is applied, the arrangement or state of the material in the smart film changes, thereby changing the light transmittance of the smart glass, such as switching from low transmittance to high transmittance, or vice versa. This type of dimming glass, which can achieve rapid conversion between on and off states through the action of electric field / current, has the advantages of actively regulating light transmittance and energy saving. The device can be used as smart windows and rearview mirrors, sunglasses, displays, etc. in spacecraft, high-speed railways, cars, buildings, etc.

[0004] With the rapid development of new energy vehicle panoramic sunroofs and architectural glass curtain walls, users are increasingly demanding more diverse glass options for these applications, particularly complex, multi-curved glass. However, the manufacturing process for curved glass into curved dimming glass has become a bottleneck restricting its application. Unlike flat dimming glass, curved dimming glass processing increases with increasing curvature and the need for multiple curves. Using flat dimming film can easily cause wrinkles in the laminated curved dimming glass, severely affecting its appearance and ultimately leading to low product yields.

[0005] US20100014150A1 provides a control film, which realizes the preparation of curved dimming glass with good appearance by using a first transparent substrate with a thickness of 10 to 80 μm and a second transparent substrate with a thickness of 10 to 80 μm. If the thickness is greater than 80 μm, the dimming film is easily peeled off when applied to a substrate with a curved surface, and dimming glass with uniform appearance cannot be obtained. On the other hand, if the thickness is less than 10 μm, the thickness of the dimming film is likely to become uneven, and the dimming film is prone to spots or ripples. From the above point of view, the thickness of the transparent substrate is preferably 20 to 70 μm. In addition, the thickness of the transparent substrates is preferably equal to each other, so that temperature changes are less likely to cause warping, peeling and other similar problems of the dimming film. From the above content, it can be seen that US20100014150A1 uses a flat dimming film to prepare curved dimming glass, and has strict requirements on the thickness of the transparent substrate.

[0006] As can be seen, the existing technology for producing curved dimming glass has a problem in that the use of flat dimming films imposes strict requirements on the thickness of the transparent substrate. Therefore, a better technology is needed to solve the problem of producing curved dimming glass with good appearance using flat dimming films with thick transparent substrates.

[0007] Summary of the Invention

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a curved dimming film, comprising:

[0009] a first transparent substrate,

[0010] a first transparent conductive layer formed on a first transparent substrate,

[0011] a second transparent substrate,

[0012] a second transparent conductive layer formed on a second transparent substrate, wherein the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer are arranged opposite to each other, and

[0013] a light-modulating active layer disposed between the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer,

[0014] The curved surface function θ of the curved dimming film is in the range of 20 mm / m to 300 mm / m, and the dimming performance T is ≥ 20%.

[0015] Preferably, the curved dimming module has a predetermined size and shape.

[0016] Preferably, the thickness of the first transparent substrate and / or the second transparent substrate is 10-300 μm.

[0017] Preferably, the thickness of the first transparent substrate and / or the second transparent substrate is 90 to 300 μm, and the thickness of the dimming active layer is 20 to 200 μm.

[0018] Preferably, the curved surface function θ of the curved dimming film is in the range of 35 mm / m to 250 mm / m, and the dimming performance T is ≥ 25%.

[0019] Preferably, the dimming active layer is selected from at least one of a suspended particle dimming active layer, a polymer dispersed liquid crystal dimming active layer, and an electrochromic dimming active layer.

[0020] Preferably, the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate are transparent plastic sheets.

[0021] Preferably, the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate are independently selected from at least one of a polyester transparent plastic sheet and a polyolefin transparent plastic sheet.

[0022] Preferably, the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate are independently selected from at least one of PET, PMMA, and PC transparent plastic sheets.

[0023] Preferably, the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer are each independently selected from one or more of an ITO conductive layer, a FZO conductive layer, an IZO conductive layer, a GZO conductive layer, an AZO conductive layer, a PEDOT conductive layer, a nano-Ag wire conductive layer, a conductive graphene, a conductive polymer and a nano-Cu wire conductive layer.

[0024] Preferably, the surface resistivity of the first transparent conductive layer and / or the second transparent conductive layer is 10 to 600Ω / □.

[0025] Preferably, there is no particular limitation on the thickness of the first transparent conductive layer and / or the second transparent conductive layer.

[0026] Preferably, the thickness of the first transparent conductive layer and / or the second transparent conductive layer is 10 to 5000 nm.

[0027] Preferably, the curved dimming film is suitable for manufacturing automobile skylight dimming glass.

[0028] Preferably, the cross-sectional profile of the cross-sectional line of the curved dimming film is at least one of a straight line, a circular arc, an elliptical arc, a parabola, and an asymmetric curve.

[0029] Preferably, the cross-sectional profile of the cross-sectional line of the curved dimming film is at least one of a straight line, a circular arc, and an elliptical arc.

[0030] The present application also provides a method for preparing a curved dimming film, wherein the curved dimming film is prepared by sequentially subjecting a flat dimming film to pulse thermal shock and hot pressing.

[0031] Preferably, the pulse heat shock and hot pressing forming include:

[0032] The first step is pulse heat shock, using a heating device at 120-280°C for 3-60 seconds;

[0033] The second step is hot pressing, 50-180℃, relative pressure 0.05-1.5MPa, in the mold for 5-90 seconds;

[0034] The temperature of the pulse heat shock is at least 20°C higher than the temperature of the hot pressing molding;

[0035] The pulse of the pulse heat shock in this application emphasizes that the heating time is short.

[0036] Preferably, the pulse heat shock and hot pressing forming include:

[0037] The first step is pulse heat shock, using a heating device at 130-250°C for 4-35 seconds;

[0038] The second step is hot pressing, 80-140℃, relative pressure 0.2-1.2MPa, processing in the mold for 10-60 seconds;

[0039] The temperature of the pulse heat shock is at least 30° C. higher than the temperature of the thermoforming.

[0040] Preferably, the hot pressing mold comprises an upper molding mold and a lower molding mold, and the surface function θ of the upper molding mold and the lower molding mold ranges from 20 mm / m to 300 mm / m.

[0041] Preferably, the hot pressing mold comprises an upper molding mold and a lower molding mold, and the surface function θ of the upper molding mold and the lower molding mold ranges from 35 mm / m to 250 mm / m.

[0042] Preferably, the ratio of the curvature R of the cross-section of the sectional line at the same stacking position of the upper molding die and the lower molding die ranges from 0.9 to 1.1.

[0043] Preferably, the ratio of the curvature R of the cross-section of the sectional line at the same stacking position of the upper molding die and the lower molding die ranges from 0.95 to 1.05.

[0044] Preferably, the heating temperatures of the upper molding die and the lower molding die can be controlled independently.

[0045] Preferably, the relative surfaces of the upper molding die and / or the lower molding die have an uneven structure.

[0046] Preferably, the height difference between the highest point and the lowest point of the uneven structure ranges from 1 to 50 microns.

[0047] Preferably, the lower forming mold is densely covered with vacuum channels with a pore diameter of less than 2 mm.

[0048] Preferably, the relative pressure provided by the vacuum system through the vacuum channel is lower than -0.02 MPa.

[0049] Preferably, the relative pressure provided by the vacuum system through the vacuum channel is lower than -0.08 MPa.

[0050] Preferably, the transfer time from the pulse heat shock step to the hot pressing step does not exceed 50 seconds.

[0051] Preferably, the transfer time from the pulse heat shock step to the hot pressing step does not exceed 30 seconds.

[0052] Preferably, the transfer time from the pulse heat shock step to the hot pressing step does not exceed 20 seconds.

[0053] Preferably, after the pulse heat shock and hot pressing steps, a third step of cold shock curing is also included, that is, the flat dimming film is prepared by pulse heat shock and hot pressing molding in sequence, or the flat dimming film is prepared by pulse heat shock, hot pressing molding and cold shock curing in sequence.

[0054] Preferably, the cold-shock curing comprises placing the curved dimming film obtained by pulse heat shock and hot pressing in a mold at a temperature below 40° C. and a relative pressure of 0.05 to 1.5 MPa for 10 to 600 seconds.

[0055] Preferably, the cold-shock curing comprises placing the curved dimming film obtained by pulse heat shock and hot pressing in a mold at a temperature below 30° C. and a relative pressure of 0.2 to 1.2 MPa for 30 to 500 seconds.

[0056] Preferably, the cold-shock curing comprises placing the curved dimming film obtained by pulse heat shock and hot pressing in a mold at a temperature of 0 to 20° C. and a relative pressure of 0.2 to 1.2 MPa for 50 to 450 seconds.

[0057] Preferably, the cold-curing mold comprises an upper curing mold and a lower curing mold, and the surface function θ of the upper curing mold and the lower curing mold ranges from 20 mm / m to 300 mm / m.

[0058] Preferably, the cold-curing mold comprises an upper curing mold and a lower curing mold, and the surface function θ of the upper curing mold and the lower curing mold ranges from 35 mm / m to 250 mm / m.

[0059] Preferably, the ratio of the curvature R of the cross-section of the cross-sectional line at the same stacking position of the upper solid mold and the lower solid mold ranges from 0.9 to 1.1.

[0060] Preferably, the ratio of the curvature R of the cross-section of the cross-sectional line at the same stacking position of the upper solid mold and the lower solid mold ranges from 0.95 to 1.05.

[0061] Preferably, the upper solid mold and the lower solid mold can be individually temperature-controlled.

[0062] Preferably, the relative surfaces of the upper solid mold and / or the lower solid mold have an uneven structure.

[0063] Preferably, the height difference between the highest point and the lowest point of the uneven structure ranges from 1 to 50 microns.

[0064] Preferably, the lower solid mold is densely covered with vacuum holes with a pore diameter of less than 2 mm.

[0065] Preferably, the relative pressure provided by the vacuum system through the vacuum channel is lower than -0.02 MPa.

[0066] Preferably, the relative pressure provided by the vacuum system through the vacuum channel is lower than -0.08 MPa.

[0067] Preferably, the transfer time from the pulse heat shock step to the hot pressing step and from the hot pressing step to the cold shock curing step does not exceed 50 seconds.

[0068] Preferably, the transfer time from the pulse heat shock step to the hot pressing step and from the hot pressing step to the cold shock curing step does not exceed 30 seconds.

[0069] Preferably, the transfer time from the pulse heat shock step to the hot pressing step and from the hot pressing step to the cold shock curing step does not exceed 20 seconds.

[0070] Preferably, the surface function θ of the upper molding die and the lower molding die of the hot pressing molding die is equal to the surface function θ of the upper curing die and the lower curing die of the cold curing molding die.

[0071] Preferably, the ratios of the curvatures R of the upper and lower molding dies, measured along a cross-sectional line at the same stacking position in the hot press molding mold, and the curvatures R of the upper and lower curing dies, measured along a cross-sectional line at the same stacking position in the cold curing mold, are between 0.9 and 1.1. That is, when the curved dimming film is placed in the hot press molding mold and the cold curing mold, respectively, the ratios of the curvatures R of the upper and lower molding dies, measured along a cross-sectional line at corresponding positions in the hot press molding mold and the upper and lower curing dies, measured along a cross-sectional line at corresponding positions in the cold curing mold, are between 0.9 and 1.1.

[0072] Preferably, the curved surface function θ of the curved dimming film is in the range of 20 mm / m to 300 mm / m, and the dimming performance T is ≥ 20%.

[0073] Preferably, the curved dimming film has a predetermined size and shape.

[0074] Preferably, the thickness of the first transparent substrate and / or the second transparent substrate of the curved dimming film is 10-300 μm.

[0075] Preferably, the thickness of the first transparent substrate and / or the second transparent substrate is 90 to 300 μm, and the thickness of the dimming active layer is 20 to 200 μm.

[0076] Preferably, the curved surface function θ of the curved dimming film is in the range of 35 mm / m to 250 mm / m, and the dimming performance T is ≥ 25%.

[0077] Preferably, the type of the planar dimming film is not particularly limited, and it can be a conventional dimming film well known to those skilled in the art, and there is no need to perform other processing on the conventional dimming film.

[0078] Preferably, the planar dimming film is selected from at least one of a suspended particle dimming film, a polymer dispersed liquid crystal dimming film, and an electrochromic dimming film.

[0079] Preferably, the curved dimming film is suitable for manufacturing automobile skylight dimming glass.

[0080] Preferably, the cross-sectional profile of the cross-sectional line of the upper molding die and the lower molding die at the same stacking position is at least one of a straight line, a circular arc, an elliptical arc, a parabola, and an asymmetric curve.

[0081] Preferably, the cross-sectional profile of the cross-sectional line of the upper molding die and the lower molding die at the same stacking position is at least one of a straight line, a circular arc, and an elliptical arc.

[0082] Preferably, the cross-sectional profile of the cross-sectional line of the upper solid mold and the lower solid mold at the same stacking position is at least one of a straight line, a circular arc, an elliptical arc, a parabola, and an asymmetric curve.

[0083] Preferably, the cross-sectional profile of the cross-sectional line of the upper solid mold and the lower solid mold at the same stacking position is at least one of a straight line, a circular arc, and an elliptical arc.

[0084] Preferably, the cross-sectional profile of the cross-sectional line of the curved dimming film is at least one of a straight line, a circular arc, an elliptical arc, a parabola, and an asymmetric curve.

[0085] Preferably, the cross-sectional profile of the cross-sectional line of the curved dimming film is at least one of a straight line, a circular arc, and an elliptical arc.

[0086] The present application also provides a curved dimming glass, comprising:

[0087] A first curved glass; a second curved glass; and a curved dimming film disposed between the first curved glass and the second curved glass;

[0088] A first interlayer is provided between the first curved glass and the curved dimming film, and / or a second interlayer is provided between the second curved glass and the curved dimming film;

[0089] The curved surface function θ of the curved dimming glass ranges from 20 mm / m to 300 mm / m, and the dimming performance T is ≥5%.

[0090] Preferably, the curved surface function θ of the curved dimming glass is in the range of 35 mm / m to 250 mm / m, and the dimming performance T is ≥8%.

[0091] Preferably, the type of the curved dimming film is not particularly limited, and any conventional dimming film well known to those skilled in the art can be used.

[0092] Preferably, the curved dimming film is selected from at least one of a suspended particle dimming film, a polymer dispersed liquid crystal dimming film, and an electrochromic dimming film.

[0093] Preferably, the curved dimming film is the curved dimming film described above or the curved dimming film prepared by the preparation method described above.

[0094] Preferably, the curved surface function θ of the curved dimming film is in the range of 20 mm / m to 300 mm / m, and the dimming performance T is ≥ 20%.

[0095] Preferably, the curved dimming film has a predetermined size and shape.

[0096] Preferably, the thickness of the first transparent substrate and / or the second transparent substrate is 90 to 300 μm, and the thickness of the dimming active layer is 20 to 200 μm.

[0097] Preferably, the curved surface function θ of the curved dimming film is in the range of 35 mm / m to 250 mm / m, and the dimming performance T is ≥ 25%.

[0098] Preferably, the type of the interlayer material is not particularly limited, and can be any conventional film for switchable glass well known to those skilled in the art, which can be EVA film, TPU film or PVB film; it can also be a functional film, such as UV-blocking EVA film, UV-blocking TPU film or UV-blocking PVB film, infrared-blocking EVA film, infrared-blocking TPU film or infrared-blocking PVB film; colored EVA film, TPU film or PVB film can also be selected.

[0099] Preferably, the interlayer material is selected from at least one of EVA film, TPU film and PVB film.

[0100] Preferably, there is no special restriction on the types of the first curved glass and the second curved glass, and they can be conventional curved glass for dimming glass well known to those skilled in the art. They can be ordinary glass such as inorganic glass, organic glass, such as PC board, PMMA board, etc., or functional glass such as UV blocking glass, IR blocking glass, Low-E glass, tempered glass or antibacterial glass, etc., and can also be selected from colored glass such as gray glass, brown glass, etc.

[0101] Preferably, the curved dimming glass includes automobile skylight dimming glass.

[0102] Preferably, the cross-sectional profile of the cross-sectional line of the curved switchable glass is at least one of a straight line, a circular arc, an elliptical arc, a parabola, and an asymmetric curve.

[0103] Preferably, the cross-sectional profile of the cross-sectional line of the curved switchable glass is at least one of a straight line, a circular arc, and an elliptical arc.

[0104] Preferably, the cross-sectional profile of the cross-sectional line of the curved dimming film is at least one of a straight line, a circular arc, an elliptical arc, a parabola, and an asymmetric curve.

[0105] Preferably, the cross-sectional profile of the cross-sectional line of the curved dimming film is at least one of a straight line, a circular arc, and an elliptical arc.

[0106] The present application also provides a method for preparing curved dimming glass, comprising:

[0107] Curved glass available;

[0108] Provide an interlayer;

[0109] Provide curved dimming films with a surface function θ ranging from 20 mm / m to 300 mm / m for bonding to curved glass;

[0110] The curved glass, curved dimming film and interlayer are stacked according to the structure of the curved dimming glass and then laminated.

[0111] Preferably, the curved dimming film is laminated to the curved glass, which means that the ratio of the curvature R of the curved glass to the curvature R of the corresponding curved dimming film at the same lamination position is between 0.7 and 1.3.

[0112] Preferably, the curved dimming film is laminated to the curved glass, which means that the ratio of the curvature R of the curved glass to the curvature R of the corresponding curved dimming film at the same lamination position is between 0.8 and 1.2.

[0113] Preferably, the curved dimming film is laminated to the curved glass, which means that the ratio of the curvature R of the curved glass and the curvature R of the corresponding curved dimming film at the same lamination position is between 0.9 and 1.1.

[0114] Preferably, the curved dimming film with the curved surface function θ is prepared by sequentially subjecting a flat dimming film to pulse thermal shock and hot pressing.

[0115] Preferably, the pulse heat shock and hot pressing forming include:

[0116] The first step is pulse heat shock, using a heating device at 120-280°C for 3-60 seconds;

[0117] The second step is hot pressing, 50-180℃, relative pressure 0.05-1.0MPa, in the mold for 5-90 seconds;

[0118] The temperature of the pulse heat shock is at least 20° C. higher than the temperature of the thermoforming.

[0119] Preferably, the pulse heat shock and hot pressing forming include:

[0120] The first step is pulse heat shock, using a heating device at 130-250°C for 4-35 seconds;

[0121] The second step is hot pressing, 80-140℃, relative pressure 0.1-0.8MPa, in the mold for 10-60 seconds;

[0122] The temperature of the pulse heat shock is at least 30° C. higher than the temperature of the thermoforming.

[0123] Preferably, the hot pressing mold comprises an upper molding mold and a lower molding mold, and the surface function θ of the upper molding mold and the lower molding mold ranges from 20 mm / m to 300 mm / m.

[0124] Preferably, the hot pressing mold comprises an upper molding mold and a lower molding mold, and the surface function θ of the upper molding mold and the lower molding mold ranges from 35 mm / m to 250 mm / m.

[0125] Preferably, the ratio of the curvature R of the cross-section of the sectional line at the same stacking position of the upper molding die and the lower molding die ranges from 0.9 to 1.1.

[0126] Preferably, the ratio of the curvature R of the cross-section of the sectional line at the same stacking position of the upper molding die and the lower molding die ranges from 0.95 to 1.05.

[0127] Preferably, the heating temperatures of the upper molding die and the lower molding die can be controlled independently.

[0128] Preferably, the relative surfaces of the upper molding die and / or the lower molding die have an uneven structure.

[0129] Preferably, the height difference between the highest point and the lowest point of the uneven structure ranges from 1 to 50 microns.

[0130] Preferably, the lower forming mold is densely covered with vacuum channels with a pore diameter of less than 2 mm.

[0131] Preferably, the relative pressure provided by the vacuum system through the vacuum channel is lower than -0.02 MPa.

[0132] Preferably, the relative pressure provided by the vacuum system through the vacuum channel is lower than -0.08 MPa.

[0133] Preferably, the transfer time from the pulse heat shock step to the hot pressing step does not exceed 50 seconds.

[0134] Preferably, the transfer time from the pulse heat shock step to the hot pressing step does not exceed 30 seconds. Preferably, the transfer time from the pulse heat shock step to the hot pressing step does not exceed 20 seconds.

[0135] Preferably, after the pulse heat shock and hot pressing steps, cold shock curing is also included, that is, the flat dimming film is prepared by pulse heat shock and hot pressing in sequence, or the flat dimming film is prepared by pulse heat shock, hot pressing and cold shock curing in sequence.

[0136] Preferably, the cold-shock curing comprises placing the curved dimming film obtained by pulse heat shock and hot pressing in a mold at a temperature below 40° C. and a relative pressure of 0.05 to 1.5 MPa for 10 to 600 seconds.

[0137] Preferably, the cold-shock curing comprises placing the curved dimming film obtained by pulse heat shock and hot pressing in a mold at a temperature below 30° C. and a relative pressure of 0.2 to 1.2 MPa for 30 to 500 seconds.

[0138] Preferably, the cold-shock curing comprises placing the curved dimming film obtained by pulse heat shock and hot pressing in a mold at a temperature of 0 to 20° C. and a relative pressure of 0.2 to 1.2 MPa for 50 to 450 seconds.

[0139] Preferably, the cold-curing mold comprises an upper curing mold and a lower curing mold, and the surface function θ of the upper curing mold and the lower curing mold ranges from 20 mm / m to 300 mm / m.

[0140] Preferably, the cold-curing mold comprises an upper curing mold and a lower curing mold, and the surface function θ of the upper curing mold and the lower curing mold ranges from 35 mm / m to 250 mm / m.

[0141] Preferably, the ratio of the curvature R of the cross-section of the cross-sectional line at the same stacking position of the upper solid mold and the lower solid mold ranges from 0.9 to 1.1.

[0142] Preferably, the ratio of the curvature R of the cross-section of the cross-sectional line at the same stacking position of the upper solid mold and the lower solid mold ranges from 0.95 to 1.05.

[0143] Preferably, the upper solid mold and the lower solid mold can be individually temperature-controlled.

[0144] Preferably, the relative surfaces of the upper solid mold and / or the lower solid mold have an uneven structure.

[0145] Preferably, the height difference between the highest point and the lowest point of the uneven structure ranges from 1 to 50 microns.

[0146] Preferably, the lower solid mold is densely covered with vacuum holes with a pore diameter of less than 2 mm.

[0147] Preferably, the relative pressure provided by the vacuum system through the vacuum channel is lower than -0.02 MPa.

[0148] Preferably, the relative pressure provided by the vacuum system through the vacuum channel is lower than -0.08 MPa.

[0149] Preferably, the transfer time from the pulse heat shock step to the hot pressing step and from the hot pressing step to the cold shock curing step does not exceed 50 seconds.

[0150] Preferably, the transfer time from the pulse heat shock step to the hot pressing step and from the hot pressing step to the cold shock curing step does not exceed 30 seconds.

[0151] Preferably, the transfer time from the pulse heat shock step to the hot pressing step and from the hot pressing step to the cold shock curing step does not exceed 20 seconds.

[0152] Preferably, the surface function θ of the upper molding die and the lower molding die of the hot pressing molding die is equal to the surface function θ of the upper curing die and the lower curing die of the cold curing molding die.

[0153] Preferably, the ratios of the curvatures R of the upper and lower molding dies, measured along a cross-sectional line at the same stacking position in the hot press molding mold, and the curvatures R of the upper and lower curing dies, measured along a cross-sectional line at the same stacking position in the cold curing mold, are between 0.9 and 1.1. That is, when the curved dimming film is placed in the hot press molding mold and the cold curing mold, respectively, the ratios of the curvatures R of the upper and lower molding dies, measured along a cross-sectional line at corresponding positions in the hot press molding mold and the upper and lower curing dies, measured along a cross-sectional line at corresponding positions in the cold curing mold, are between 0.9 and 1.1.

[0154] Preferably, the laminating method is not particularly limited and can be a conventional laminating method for dimming glass in the art, such as laminating in a laminating machine, or laminating in an autoclave or laminating box / furnace.

[0155] Preferably, the lamination temperature of the lamination treatment is 80-130° C., the lamination relative pressure is 0.1-1.2 MPa, and the lamination time is 30-120 minutes.

[0156] Preferably, the lamination temperature of the lamination treatment is 90-120° C., the lamination relative pressure is 0.3-1.1 MPa, and the lamination time is 30-120 minutes.

[0157] Preferably, the curved surface function θ of the curved dimming glass is in the range of 20 mm / m to 300 mm / m, and the dimming performance T is ≥5%.

[0158] Preferably, the curved surface function θ of the curved dimming glass is in the range of 35 mm / m to 250 mm / m, and the dimming performance T is ≥8%.

[0159] Preferably, the type of the planar dimming film is not particularly limited, and it can be a conventional dimming film well known to those skilled in the art, and there is no need to perform other processing on the conventional dimming film.

[0160] Preferably, the planar dimming film is selected from at least one of a suspended particle dimming film, a polymer dispersed liquid crystal dimming film, and an electrochromic dimming film.

[0161] Preferably, the thickness of the first transparent substrate and / or the second transparent substrate of the planar light-shifting film is 10-300 μm.

[0162] Preferably, the thickness of the first transparent substrate and / or the second transparent substrate of the planar dimming film is 90-300 μm, the thickness of the dimming active layer is 20-200 μm, and the dimming performance T is ≥20%.

[0163] Preferably, the dimming performance T of the planar dimming film is ≥ 25%.

[0164] Preferably, the curved dimming film is the curved dimming film described above or the curved dimming film prepared by the preparation method described above.

[0165] Preferably, the curved dimming glass includes automobile skylight dimming glass.

[0166] Preferably, the cross-sectional profile of the cross-sectional line of the upper molding die and the lower molding die at the same stacking position is at least one of a straight line, a circular arc, an elliptical arc, a parabola, and an asymmetric curve.

[0167] Preferably, the cross-sectional profile of the cross-sectional line of the upper molding die and the lower molding die at the same stacking position is at least one of a straight line, a circular arc, and an elliptical arc curve.

[0168] Preferably, the cross-sectional profile of the cross-sectional line of the upper solid mold and the lower solid mold at the same stacking position is at least one of a straight line, a circular arc, an elliptical arc, a parabola, and an asymmetric curve.

[0169] Preferably, the cross-sectional profile of the cross-sectional line of the upper solid mold and the lower solid mold at the same stacking position is at least one of a straight line, a circular arc, and an elliptical arc.

[0170] Preferably, the cross-sectional profile of the cross-sectional line of the curved switchable glass is at least one of a straight line, a circular arc, an elliptical arc, a parabola, and an asymmetric curve.

[0171] Preferably, the cross-sectional profile of the cross-sectional line of the curved switchable glass is at least one of a straight line, a circular arc, and an elliptical arc.

[0172] Preferably, the cross-sectional profile of the cross-sectional line of the curved dimming film is at least one of a straight line, a circular arc, an elliptical arc, a parabola, and an asymmetric curve.

[0173] Preferably, the cross-sectional profile of the cross-sectional line of the curved dimming film is at least one of a straight line, a circular arc, and an elliptical arc.

[0174] Of course, a method for preparing curved dimming glass may also include:

[0175] Provide curved dimming film;

[0176] Provide an interlayer;

[0177] Provide curved glass with a surface function θ ranging from 20 mm / m to 300 mm / m that is compatible with the curved dimming film;

[0178] The curved glass, curved dimming film and interlayer are stacked according to the structure of the curved dimming glass and then laminated.

[0179] As can be seen from the above, in the process of manufacturing curved dimming glass, the curved dimming film needs to use the corresponding curved glass, or in other words, the curved glass needs to use the corresponding curved dimming film.

[0180] The present application also provides a use of the curved dimming glass, which can be used for automobile window glass, skylight glass or glass curtain wall.

[0181] In the present invention, the facing surfaces of the upper and / or lower molding dies of the hot-pressing mold have an uneven structure, with the height difference between the highest and lowest points ranging from 1 to 50 microns. This structure facilitates the fixation of the dimming film during the hot-pressing process, preventing displacement between the dimming film and the mold surface. The lower molding die is densely covered with vacuum channels with a diameter of 2 mm or less. The vacuum during hot-pressing allows the dimming film to adhere more closely to the surface of the lower molding die.

[0182] In the present invention, the opposing surfaces of the upper and / or lower curing molds of the cold-curing process have an uneven structure, with the height difference between the highest and lowest points ranging from 1 to 50 microns. This structure facilitates the fixation of the dimming film during the cold-curing process, preventing displacement between the dimming film and the mold surface. The lower curing mold is densely covered with vacuum channels with a diameter of 2 mm or less. The vacuum during cold-curing further secures the dimming film to the surface of the lower curing mold.

[0183] The present invention ensures that the dimming active layer in the dimming film is not affected by high temperature by precisely controlling the pulse heat shock and hot pressing conditions of the flat dimming film, while satisfying the softening of the transparent substrates on both sides of the dimming film, thereby realizing a curved dimming film with a predetermined size and shape, that is, a curved dimming film with a predetermined surface function θ. This "temperature" is crucial. The deformation of the dimming film before and after the pulse heat shock and hot pressing is controlled to not exceed 10%. The deformation variable refers to the dimensional change of the dimming film in any direction not exceeding 10%, preferably not exceeding 5%. The deformation variable C = (size before treatment - size after treatment) / absolute value of size before treatment * 100%. The maximum value of the deformation variable in any direction is recorded as C max , that is, C max ≤10%, preferably C max ≤5%.

[0184] In the present invention, the curved dimming film obtained by pulse heat shock and hot pressing also includes a cold shock curing step. The purpose of this step is to prevent the curved dimming film formed by hot pressing from rebounding and deforming during the natural cooling process after the molding pressure is released at a high temperature, thereby causing the curved surface function θ to decrease. Cold shock curing can effectively prevent the curved surface function θ from decreasing.

[0185] Experiments have shown that the curved dimming glass of the present invention adopts the method of pulse heat shock and hot pressing to form a flat dimming film to prepare a curved dimming film of predetermined size and shape, that is, a curved dimming film with a predetermined surface function θ. The curved dimming film is used in the production of curved dimming glass, which solves the problem of wrinkle defects in the appearance of curved dimming glass prepared by using a flat dimming film with a thick transparent substrate, and has good application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0186] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a curved dimming film according to the present invention. In the schematic diagram, the transparent substrate, the transparent conductive layer, and the dimming active layer are considered as a whole, and the curved dimming film is represented by a single layer structure.

[0187] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the curved dimming glass of the present invention;

[0188] FIG3 is a schematic top view of the curved switchable glass of the present invention;

[0189] FIG4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the curved switchable glass in FIG3 in the XX or YY direction of the present invention;

[0190] FIG5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another curved dimming glass according to the present invention in the XX or YY direction;

[0191] FIG6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another curved switchable glass according to the present invention in the XX or YY direction;

[0192] FIG7 is a photograph of wrinkles of the switchable glass of Comparative Example 9 of the present invention;

[0193] FIG8 is a photograph of wrinkles of the switchable glass of Comparative Example 10 of the present invention;

[0194] FIG9 is a photograph of wrinkles of the switchable glass of Comparative Example 11 of the present invention;

[0195] FIG10 is a photograph of wrinkles of the switchable glass of Comparative Example 12 of the present invention;

[0196] In Figures 4 and 5, the solid curve segment ADB represents the curved dimming glass, the dotted line ACB represents the reference plane, the length of the dotted straight line segment ACB is L (in meters), the length of the dotted straight line segment CD is H (in millimeters), and the dotted straight line segment CD is perpendicular to the dotted straight line segment ACB, that is, the angle β is 90°, where the maximum value of H is recorded as H max The angle between the XX and YY section lines is α, and 0°<α≤90°. The intersection point O of the two section lines is the center of gravity projection point of the curved dimming glass. In Figure 2, 1 is the clear glass, 2 is the interlayer, and 3 is the dimming film. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0197] In the present invention, the curvature R of the curved dimming glass is defined as shown in FIG4 or FIG5: curvature R = H max / L, where H max The unit of is mm (millimeter), the unit of L is m (meter), and the unit of curvature R is mm / m (millimeter / meter).

[0198] In the present invention, the size and shape of the curved smart glass are represented by the surface function θ, that is, the surface characteristics of the curved smart glass are represented by the surface function θ. The larger the value of the surface function θ, the more complex the surface. The surface function θ is defined as follows: Among the values ​​of the curvature R of any cross-section passing through the center of gravity of the curved smart glass and the cross-section line passing through the laminated structure of the curved smart glass, the maximum curvature R is called R max , the minimum curvature R is called R min When R max >0, R min = 0, then the surface function θ = R max / 2, such as a single curved surface, then R max The range is 40 mm / m to 600 mm / m, preferably 70 mm / m to 500 mm / m; when R max =R min >0, then the surface function θ=R max , such as an axisymmetric surface (sphere), then R max The range is 20 mm / m to 300 mm / m, preferably 35 mm / m to 250 mm / m; when Rmax > Rmin >0, then the surface function θ=(R max +Rmin ) / 2, such as hyperbolic and complex surfaces; when R max =R min = 0, then θ = 0, which means it is a plane. The unit of surface function θ is mm / m (millimeter / meter).

[0199] The above definitions of curvature R and surface function θ both ignore the thickness of the curved smart glass. That is, the calculation is based on the concavity or convexity of any cross-section line passing through the center of gravity of the curved smart glass and penetrating the laminated structure of the curved smart glass. In other words, the cross-sectional profile of the cross-sectional line is simplified to a line segment with no thickness.

[0200] The above definition of the surface function θ is for the case where the curved switchable glass is on the same side of the reference plane. However, for the case where the curved switchable glass is on both sides of the reference plane, as shown in Figure 6, the reference plane should be used as the dividing plane to divide the curved switchable glass into two parts, and the surface function θ should be calculated for each part separately. The reference plane is represented by the dashed line segment AB in Figures 4, 5, and 6.

[0201] The surface characteristics are quite complex. The surface function θ defined in this application is intended to describe the surface characteristics, namely the size and shape of the surface, simply and clearly through this parameter.

[0202] Furthermore, due to the difficulty in processing curved glass, the curved surface of the manufactured curved dimming glass rarely has surface convexities or concavities.

[0203] Furthermore, in practical applications, considering aesthetic requirements, curved switchable glass often has a certain degree of symmetry, and the undulations of the curved surface are continuous and gentle.

[0204] Furthermore, in practical applications, considering the economy and processing difficulty, the curved surface of the curved dimming glass is usually not too complicated.

[0205] Furthermore, for a simple curved dimming glass, such as a hemispherical surface, the top view is a circle, and the cross-sectional view in the XX direction and the cross-sectional view in the YY direction are both a circular arc (refer to FIG4 ), R max =R min > 0. Such a surface can be described by the surface function θ to give a specific surface condition.

[0206] Furthermore, for simple curved dimming glass, refer to Figures 3 and 5, R max =R min > 0. Such a surface can be described by the surface function θ to give a specific surface condition.

[0207] Furthermore, for some simple curved surfaces, such as single curved surfaces, the top view is shown in Figure 3, the cross-sectional profile of the section line in the XX direction is a circular arc, as shown in Figure 4, the cross-sectional profile of the section line in the YY direction is a straight line, α is 90°, R max >0, R min = 0. Such a surface can be described by a surface function θ to form a specific surface.

[0208] Furthermore, single curved surfaces have at least two planes of symmetry, and spheres have infinitely many planes of symmetry. These have been discussed above and will not be included here in the category of simple surfaces with symmetry. Simple surfaces with symmetry, such as polyhedral surfaces with at least two planes of symmetry, are often rectangular or regular polygonal when viewed from above, and their cross-sectional profiles are circular arcs.

[0209] Furthermore, specifically for the hyperbolic automotive sunroof dimming glass, the top view generally shows a rectangle, and the height of the sunroof dimming glass increases as it moves toward the center. For such a curved sunroof dimming glass, in order to more simply and clearly illustrate the surface characteristics of the curved dimming glass, the calculation method of the surface function θ can be further simplified, that is, the curvature R of the cross section of a line parallel to any two sides of the rectangle and perpendicular to each other, passing through the center of gravity of the curved dimming glass and penetrating the laminated structure of the curved dimming glass is used for calculation. This makes the description of the surface characteristics simple and clear. The curvature R of the cross section of the XX line is denoted as R X-X , the curvature R of the cross section of the YY section line is denoted as R Y-Y In the specific example of this application, this simplified method is used to describe the surface characteristics of the hyperbolic automobile skylight dimming glass. X-X 、R Y-Y >0, then the surface function θ=(R X-X +R Y-Y ) / 2. XX points to the forward and backward direction of the vehicle, and YY points to the width direction of the vehicle body. Generally, the curvature R of the cross section of the XX cross section line is greater than the curvature R of the cross section of the YY cross section line.

[0210] From the definition of the surface function θ above, it can be seen that for the same surface function θ, a single-curved surface is more curved than a double-curved surface. It is well known that double-curved smart glass is more difficult to avoid wrinkling than single-curved smart glass. Clearly, the surface characteristics expressed by the surface function θ of this application are more reasonable than those expressed by a single curvature R. The fundamental reason is that the surface function θ takes into account the situation of double-curved surfaces while also considering more complex surfaces. In other words, the surface function θ fully considers the characteristic of automotive skylight smart glass, which is essentially a double-curved surface.

[0211] In this application, the definitions of the curvature R and the surface function θ of the curved glass, curved dimming film, upper forming mold, lower forming mold, upper solidifying mold, and lower solidifying mold are the same as those of the curved dimming glass and will not be repeated here.

[0212] If the curved surfaces of the curved dimming film and the curved glass are similar, that is, the curves of the cross sections of any corresponding section lines on the curved surface are similar curves, then the curved dimming film and the curved glass are in the most ideal state of bonding. However, in this application, such a perfect bonding is not required. In this application, the method for preparing the curved dimming glass provides a curved dimming film having a surface function θ in the range of 20 mm / m to 300 mm / m for bonding to the curved glass. As is well known, the area of ​​the curved dimming film should match the curved glass. Obviously, according to the definition of the surface function θ of the present invention, two surfaces with equal surface functions θ can have unequal surface areas. The bonding mentioned in this application has three meanings that must be met simultaneously: 1. The area of ​​the curved dimming film is equivalent to that of the curved glass, meeting the requirements of general dimming glass; 2. The surface function θ of the curved dimming film ranges from 20 mm / m to 300 mm / m; 3. The ratio of the curvature R of the curved glass in the cross-section of the cross-section line of the same laminated structure to the curvature R of the corresponding curved dimming film is between 0.7 and 1.3. The measurement method is to divide the curved glass and the curved dimming film into 25 cross-section lines, calculate the ratio of the curvature R of the curved glass in each cross-section to the curvature R of the corresponding curved dimming film, and use the minimum and maximum two values ​​in this group of 25 values ​​as the starting value and the ending value, which are recorded as the numerical range of the ratio of the curvature R of the curved glass in the cross-section line of the cross-section of the same laminated structure of the curved dimming glass to the curvature R of the corresponding curved dimming film.

[0213] In the present application, the method for measuring the ratio of the curvature R of the cross-section line of the same laminated structure of the upper forming mold and the lower forming mold, and the method for measuring the ratio of the curvature R of the cross-section line of the same laminated structure of the upper solid mold and the lower solid mold are the same as the method for measuring the ratio of the curvature R of the curved glass and the curvature R of the corresponding curved dimming film in the preparation of curved dimming glass, and will not be repeated here.

[0214] In the present application, the cross-sections of the cross-sectional lines all pass through the center of gravity of the curved dimming glass, the curved dimming film, the upper forming mold, the lower forming mold, the upper solidifying mold, and the lower solidifying mold.

[0215] In this application, after the flat dimming film is subjected to pulse heat shock and hot pressing, the dimming performance T of the curved dimming film is determined as follows: 16 points are evenly selected on each square meter of the curved dimming film, and the visible light transmittance of these 16 points when no power is applied is measured and recorded as Toff1 to Toff16. Then, the curved dimming film is loaded with the corresponding working power, and the visible light transmittance of these 16 points is measured and recorded as Ton1 to Ton16. Then, ΔT of each point is calculated, that is, ΔT1 = Ton1 - Toff1, and so on, where the maximum ΔT is recorded as ΔT max , the minimum value of ΔT is recorded as ΔT min , then T=(ΔT1+ΔT2+ΔT3…+ΔT16) / 16. The measurement method of dimming uniformity U of curved dimming film: U=(ΔT max -ΔT min ) / T, where U≤5% is recorded as "normal" and U>5% is recorded as "abnormal". 16 points are evenly selected on each square meter of the curved dimming film to test and calculate the dimming performance T and dimming uniformity U. It is not a mandatory requirement to select only 16 points. If the area of ​​the curved dimming film is smaller or larger, the number of selected test points can be adjusted, as long as the number of selected points can illustrate the performance of the curved dimming film. Obviously, at least 2 test points need to be selected. The working power supply of different curved dimming films is not the same. For example, the suspended particle curved dimming film can generally be connected to 110V, 60Hz AC, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal curved dimming film can generally be connected to 60V, 60Hz AC, and the electrochromic curved dimming film can generally be connected to 3V DC. The specific requirements shall be in accordance with the product requirements of the flat dimming film.

[0216] In this application, the measuring methods of dimming performance T and dimming uniformity U of curved dimming glass are the same as those of curved dimming film, and are not described here in detail.

[0217] In the present invention, the concepts of upper forming mold and lower forming mold merely indicate their relative relationship and are not limiting. They do not necessarily need to be in an up-down relationship; they can be in a front-to-back, left-to-right, or other orientations. Similarly, the concepts of upper solidifying mold and lower solidifying mold merely indicate their relative relationship and are not limiting. They do not necessarily need to be in an up-to-down relationship; they can be in a front-to-back, left-to-right, or other orientations. Furthermore, the lower forming mold and lower solidifying mold can be densely covered with vacuum ducts with a diameter of 2 mm or less, or the upper forming mold and upper solidifying mold can be densely covered with vacuum ducts with a diameter of 2 mm or less, but not both.

[0218] The present invention will be further described below by way of examples.

[0219] [Example 1] A hyperbolic dimming film

[0220] A planar suspended particle dimming film, with a first and second transparent substrate thickness of 126 μm and a dimming active layer thickness of 100 μm, was subjected to pulse thermal shock and hot pressing. The surface function θ of the upper and lower molding dies during the hot pressing process was 40 mm / m, and the transition time from the pulse thermal shock step to the hot pressing step was 50 seconds. The resulting curved dimming film had a surface function θ of 35 mm / m, as shown in Figure 1. The film is approximately rectangular, and the cross-sectional profile along the XX and YY directions is approximately an elliptical arc, as shown in Figure 4. The dimming performance T and dimming uniformity U were tested under 220 V, 60 Hz AC conditions. Specific parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0221] [Example 2] A hyperbolic dimming film

[0222] A planar suspended particle dimming film, with a first and second transparent substrate thickness of 188 μm and a dimming active layer thickness of 80 μm, was subjected to pulse thermal shock and hot pressing. The surface function θ of the upper and lower molding dies during the hot pressing process was 83 mm / m, and the transition time from the pulse thermal shock step to the hot pressing step was 40 seconds. The resulting curved dimming film had a surface function θ of 76 mm / m, as shown in Figure 1. The film is approximately rectangular, and the cross-sectional profile along the XX and YY directions is approximately circular, as shown in Figure 4. The dimming performance T and dimming uniformity U were tested under 110 V, 60 Hz AC conditions. Specific parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0223] [Example 3] A hyperbolic dimming film

[0224] A planar suspended particle dimming film, with a first and second transparent substrates each having a thickness of 250 μm and a dimming active layer having a thickness of 40 μm, was subjected to pulse thermal shock and hot pressing. The surface function θ of the upper and lower molding dies during the hot pressing process was 168 mm / m, and the transition time from the pulse thermal shock step to the hot pressing step was 30 seconds. The resulting curved dimming film had a surface function θ of 150 mm / m, as shown in Figure 1. The film is approximately rectangular, and the cross-sectional profile along the XX and YY directions is approximately parabolic, as shown in Figure 4. The dimming performance T and dimming uniformity U were tested under 60 V, 60 Hz AC conditions. Specific parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0225] [Example 4] A hyperbolic dimming film

[0226] A planar electrochromic dimming film, with a first and second transparent substrates each having a thickness of 15 μm and a dimming active layer having a thickness of 40 μm, was subjected to pulsed thermal shock and hot pressing. The surface function θ of the upper and lower molding dies during the hot pressing process was 85 mm / m, and the transfer time from the pulsed thermal shock step to the hot pressing step was 50 seconds. The resulting curved dimming film had a surface function θ of 71 mm / m, as shown in Figure 1. The film is approximately rectangular, and the cross-sectional profile along the XX and YY directions is approximately an elliptical arc, as shown in Figure 4. The dimming performance T and dimming uniformity U were tested under 3 V DC conditions. Specific parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0227] [Example 5] A hyperbolic dimming film

[0228] A planar electrochromic dimming film, with a first and second transparent substrate thickness of 188 μm and a dimming active layer thickness of 20 μm, was subjected to pulse thermal shock and hot pressing. The surface function θ of the upper and lower molding dies during the hot pressing process was 55 mm / m, and the transfer time from the pulse thermal shock step to the hot pressing step was 50 seconds. The resulting curved dimming film had a surface function θ of 48 mm / m, as shown in Figure 1. The film is approximately rectangular, and the cross-sectional profile along the XX and YY directions is approximately circular, as shown in Figure 4. The dimming performance T and dimming uniformity U were tested under 3 V DC conditions. Specific parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0229] [Example 6] A hyperbolic dimming film

[0230] A planar electrochromic dimming film, with a first and second transparent substrates each 300 μm thick and a dimming active layer 60 μm thick, was subjected to pulsed thermal shock and hot pressing. The surface function θ of the upper and lower molding dies during the hot pressing process was 285 mm / m, and the transition time from the pulsed thermal shock step to the hot pressing step was 10 seconds. The resulting curved dimming film had a surface function θ of 262 mm / m, as shown in Figure 1. The film is approximately rectangular, and the cross-sectional profile along the XX and YY directions is approximately parabolic, as shown in Figure 4. The dimming performance T and dimming uniformity U were tested under 3 V DC conditions. Specific parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0231] [Example 7] A hyperbolic dimming film

[0232] A planar polymer-dispersed liquid crystal dimming film, with a first and second transparent substrate thickness of 88 μm and a dimming active layer thickness of 40 μm, was subjected to pulse thermal shock and hot pressing. The surface function θ of the upper and lower molding dies during the hot pressing process was 30 mm / m, and the transfer time from the pulse thermal shock step to the hot pressing step was 25 seconds. The resulting curved dimming film had a surface function θ of 26 mm / m, as shown in Figure 1. The film is approximately rectangular, and the cross-sectional profile along the XX and YY directions is approximately an elliptical arc, as shown in Figure 4. The dimming performance T and dimming uniformity U were tested under 50 V, 60 Hz AC conditions. Specific parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0233] [Example 8] A hyperbolic dimming film

[0234] A planar polymer-dispersed liquid crystal dimming film, with a first and second transparent substrate thickness of 50 μm and a dimming active layer thickness of 200 μm, was subjected to pulse thermal shock and hot pressing. The surface function θ of the upper and lower molding dies during the hot pressing process was 204 mm / m, and the transition time from the pulse thermal shock step to the hot pressing step was 5 seconds. The resulting curved dimming film had a surface function θ of 185 mm / m, as shown in Figure 1. The film is approximately rectangular, and the cross-sectional profile along the XX and YY directions is approximately circular, as shown in Figure 4. The dimming performance T and dimming uniformity U were tested under 110 V, 60 Hz AC conditions. Specific parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0235] [Example 9] A hyperbolic dimming film

[0236] A planar polymer dispersed liquid crystal dimming film, with a first transparent substrate and a second transparent substrate having a thickness of 200 μm and a dimming active layer having a thickness of 150 μm, is subjected to pulse heat shock, hot pressing molding, and cold shock curing to obtain a curved dimming film with a surface function θ of 290 mm / m. The cold shock curing conditions are: 20°C, a relative pressure of 0.5 MPa, and the film is processed in a mold for 150 seconds. The surface function θ of the upper molding mold and the lower molding mold of the hot pressing molding is 295 mm / m, and the surface function θ of the upper solidifying mold and the lower solidifying mold of the cold shock curing is 295 mm / m. The transfer time from the pulse heat shock step to the hot pressing step is 10 seconds, and the transfer time from the hot pressing step to the cold shock curing step is 10 seconds. As shown in Figure 1, the film is approximately rectangular. The cross-sectional profile of the cross-sectional line in the XX and YY directions is an approximately elliptical arc as shown in Figure 4. The dimming performance T and dimming uniformity U were tested under 80V, 60Hz AC conditions. The specific parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0237] [Example 10] A hyperbolic car skylight dimming glass

[0238] The curved dimming film of [Example 1] is used, the thickness of the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate is 126 μm, the thickness of the dimming active layer is 100 μm, EVA film, ordinary white glass, and its surface function θ is 35 mm / m.

[0239] After stacking the layers according to the structure of the dimming glass, lamination was carried out in an autoclave; the lamination conditions were: temperature 110°C, vacuuming for 10 minutes, gradually increasing the pressure to 450kPa, and delaying for 60 minutes.

[0240] A curved dimming glass was prepared. The dimming glass had a normal appearance without wrinkles. Its dimming performance T and dimming uniformity U were tested under 220V, 60Hz AC conditions. The specific parameters are shown in Table 2.

[0241] [Example 11] A hyperbolic car skylight dimming glass

[0242] The same as [Example 10], except that the curved dimming film of [Example 1] is replaced by the curved dimming film of [Example 2], the thickness of the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate is 188 μm, the thickness of the dimming active layer is 80 μm, the EVA film is replaced by PVB film, and the ordinary white glass is replaced by brown glass. The surface function θ is 70 mm / m. The dimming performance T and dimming uniformity U are tested under 110 V, 60 Hz AC conditions. Specific parameters are shown in Table 2.

[0243] [Example 12] A hyperbolic car skylight dimming glass

[0244] The same as [Example 10], except that the curved dimming film in [Example 1] is replaced by the curved dimming film in [Example 3], the thickness of the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate is 250 μm, the thickness of the dimming active layer is 40 μm, the EVA film is replaced by a TPU film, and the ordinary white glass is replaced by a PC board. The surface function θ is 155 mm / m. The dimming performance T and dimming uniformity U are tested under 60 V, 60 Hz AC conditions. Specific parameters are shown in Table 2.

[0245] [Example 13] A hyperbolic car skylight dimming glass

[0246] The same as [Example 10], except that the curved dimming film in [Example 1] is replaced with the curved dimming film in [Example 4]. The thickness of the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate is 15 μm, the thickness of the dimming active layer is 40 μm, and the surface function θ of ordinary white glass is 71 mm / m. The dimming performance T and dimming uniformity U are tested under 3 V DC conditions. Specific parameters are shown in Table 2.

[0247] [Example 14] A hyperbolic car skylight dimming glass

[0248] The same as [Example 10], except that the curved dimming film in [Example 1] is replaced by the curved dimming film in [Example 5], the thickness of the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate is 188 μm, the thickness of the dimming active layer is 20 μm, the EVA film is replaced by PVB film, and the ordinary white glass is replaced by IR blocking glass. The surface function θ is 50 mm / m. The dimming performance T and dimming uniformity U are tested under 3 V DC conditions. Specific parameters are shown in Table 2.

[0249] [Example 15] A hyperbolic car skylight dimming glass

[0250] The same as [Example 10], except that the curved dimming film in [Example 1] is replaced by the curved dimming film in [Example 6], the thickness of the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate is 300 μm, the thickness of the dimming active layer is 60 μm, the EVA film is replaced by a TPU film, and the ordinary white glass is replaced by a PC board. The surface function θ is 265 mm / m. The dimming performance T and dimming uniformity U are tested under 3 V DC conditions. Specific parameters are shown in Table 2.

[0251] [Example 16] A hyperbolic car skylight dimming glass

[0252] The same as [Example 10], except that the curved dimming film in [Example 1] is replaced with the curved dimming film in [Example 7]. The thickness of the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate is 88 μm, the thickness of the dimming active layer is 40 μm, and the surface function θ of ordinary white glass is 30 mm / m. The dimming performance T and dimming uniformity U are tested under 50 V, 60 Hz AC conditions. Specific parameters are shown in Table 2.

[0253] [Example 17] A hyperbolic car skylight dimming glass

[0254] The same as [Example 10], except that the curved dimming film in [Example 1] is replaced by the curved dimming film in [Example 8], the thickness of the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate is 50 μm, the thickness of the dimming active layer is 200 μm, the EVA film is replaced by a PVB film, and the ordinary white glass is replaced by a PMMA plate. The surface function θ is 180 mm / m. The dimming performance T and dimming uniformity U are tested under 110 V, 60 Hz AC conditions. Specific parameters are shown in Table 2.

[0255] [Example 18] A hyperbolic car skylight dimming glass

[0256] The same as [Example 10], except that the curved dimming film in [Example 1] is replaced by the curved dimming film in [Example 9], the thickness of the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate is 200 μm, the thickness of the dimming active layer is 150 μm, the EVA film is replaced by a TPU film, and the ordinary white glass is replaced by a PC board. The surface function θ is 290 mm / m. The dimming performance T and dimming uniformity U are tested under 80 V, 60 Hz AC conditions. Specific parameters are shown in Table 2.

[0257] [Example 19] A hyperbolic dimming film

[0258] Similar to Example 3, the thickness of the first and second transparent substrates is 250 μm, and the thickness of the dimming active layer is 40 μm. However, the curved dimming film formed by pulse heat shock and hot pressing is quickly placed in a cold-curing mold and treated in the mold at 30°C and a relative pressure of 0.5 MPa for 100 seconds. The surface function θ of the upper and lower cold-curing molds is 168 mm / m.

[0259] [Example 20] A hyperbolic dimming film

[0260] The same as in Example 6, except that the thickness of the first and second transparent substrates is 300 μm, and the thickness of the dimming active layer is 60 μm. The curved dimming film, after pulse heat shock and hot pressing, is quickly placed in a cold-curing mold and cured in the mold at 10°C and a relative pressure of 1.0 MPa for 200 seconds. The surface function θ of the upper and lower cold-curing molds is 285 mm / m.

[0261] [Example 21] A hyperbolic dimming film

[0262] Same as [Example 3], the thickness of the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate is 250 μm, the thickness of the dimming active layer is 40 μm, except that the surface function θ of the upper molding die and the lower molding die of the hot pressing molding is 22 mm / m, and a curved dimming film with a surface function θ of 20 mm / m is obtained.

[0263] [Example 22] A hyperbolic dimming film

[0264] Same as [Example 3], the thickness of the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate is 250 μm, the thickness of the dimming active layer is 40 μm, except that the surface function θ of the upper molding die and the lower molding die of the hot pressing molding is 15 mm / m, and the curved dimming film with a surface function θ of 14 mm / m is obtained.

[0265] [Example 23] A hyperbolic dimming film

[0266] Same as [Example 3], the thickness of the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate is 250 μm, the thickness of the dimming active layer is 40 μm, except that the surface function θ of the upper molding die and the lower molding die of the hot pressing molding is 5 mm / m, and the curved dimming film with a surface function θ of 4 mm / m is obtained.

[0267] [Example 24] A hyperbolic dimming film

[0268] The same as [Example 19], the thickness of the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate is 250 μm, the thickness of the dimming active layer is 40 μm, except that the surface function θ of the upper molding mold and the lower molding mold of the hot pressing molding, and the upper curing mold and the lower curing mold of the cold curing molding is 5 mm / m, and a curved dimming film with a surface function θ of 5 mm / m is obtained.

[0269] [Example 25] A hyperbolic dimming film

[0270] The same as [Example 19], the thickness of the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate is 250 μm, the thickness of the dimming active layer is 40 μm, except that the surface function θ of the upper molding mold and the lower molding mold of the hot pressing molding, and the upper curing mold and the lower curing mold of the cold curing molding is 3 mm / m, and a curved dimming film with a surface function θ of 3 mm / m is obtained.

[0271] [Comparative Example 1] A hyperbolic dimming film

[0272] Similar to Example 2, the thickness of the first and second transparent substrates was 188 μm, and the thickness of the dimming active layer was 80 μm. However, the first pulse heat shock duration was replaced by 100 seconds instead of 3 seconds. This resulted in a curved dimming film with a surface function θ of 76 mm / m. Its dimming performance T and dimming uniformity U were tested. Because the first pulse heat shock duration exceeded 60 seconds, reaching 100 seconds, the dimming performance T of the curved dimming film was reduced to only 15.6%, and the dimming uniformity U was abnormal. Specific parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0273] [Comparative Example 2] A hyperbolic dimming film

[0274] Similar to Example 3, the thickness of the first and second transparent substrates was 250 μm, and the thickness of the dimming active layer was 40 μm. However, the second hot pressing temperature was changed from 120°C to 30°C. This resulted in a curved dimming film with a surface function θ of 18 mm / m. Its dimming performance T and dimming uniformity U were tested. However, because the second hot pressing temperature was only 30°C, lower than 50°C, the surface function θ of the film was too small, only 18 mm / m. Specific parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0275] [Comparative Example 3] A hyperbolic dimming film

[0276] Similar to Example 4, the thickness of the first and second transparent substrates was 15 μm, and the thickness of the dimming active layer was 40 μm. However, the first pulse thermal shock temperature was replaced with 80°C in the first step, replacing 250°C. This resulted in a curved dimming film with a surface function θ of 19 mm / m. Its dimming performance T and dimming uniformity U were tested. However, because the first pulse thermal shock temperature was only 80°C, lower than 120°C, the surface function θ of the film was too small, at only 19 mm / m. Specific parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0277] [Comparative Example 4] A hyperbolic dimming film

[0278] Similar to Example 5, the thickness of the first and second transparent substrates was 188 μm, and the thickness of the dimming active layer was 20 μm. However, the second hot pressing step was performed for 125 seconds instead of 25 seconds. This resulted in a curved dimming film with a surface function θ of 48 mm / m. Its dimming performance T and dimming uniformity U were tested. Because the second hot pressing step lasted for 125 seconds, exceeding 90 seconds, the dimming performance T of the curved dimming film was reduced to only 10.1%, and the dimming uniformity U was abnormal. Specific parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0279] [Comparative Example 5] A hyperbolic dimming film

[0280] Similar to Example 7, the thickness of the first and second transparent substrates was 88 μm, and the thickness of the dimming active layer was 40 μm. However, the relative pressure in the second hot pressing step was replaced with 2.0 MPa instead of 0.4 MPa. This resulted in a curved dimming film with a surface function θ of 26 mm / m. Its dimming performance T and dimming uniformity U were tested. Because the relative pressure in the second hot pressing step exceeded 1.5 MPa, reaching 2.0 MPa, the dimming performance T of the curved dimming film was attenuated to only 12.1%, and the dimming uniformity U was abnormal. Specific parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0281] [Comparative Example 6] A hyperbolic dimming film

[0282] Similar to Example 8, the thickness of the first and second transparent substrates was 50 μm, and the thickness of the dimming active layer was 200 μm. However, the first pulse thermal shock temperature was replaced with 300°C in the first step, resulting in a curved dimming film with a surface function θ of 195 mm / m. Its dimming performance T and dimming uniformity U were tested. Because the first pulse thermal shock temperature was lower than 280°C and reached 300°C, the dimming performance T of the curved dimming film was reduced to only 17.6%, and the dimming uniformity U was abnormal. Specific parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0283] [Comparative Example 7] A hyperbolic dimming film

[0284] Similar to Example 3, the thickness of the first and second transparent substrates was 250 μm, and the dimming active layer was 40 μm thick. However, the first pulse thermal shock step was omitted. Dimming performance T and dimming uniformity U were tested. Specific parameters are shown in Table 1. Due to the omission of the first pulse thermal shock step, the resulting surface function θ was too small, only 13 mm / m.

[0285] [Comparative Example 8] A hyperbolic dimming film

[0286] Similar to Example 3, the thickness of the first and second transparent substrates was 250μm, and the thickness of the dimming active layer was 40μm. However, the first pulse thermal shock step was omitted, and the second hot pressing temperature was set at 280°C. The dimming performance T and dimming uniformity U were tested. Specific parameters are shown in Table 1. Due to the omission of the first pulse thermal shock step and the excessively high second hot pressing temperature, the dimming performance T of the curved dimming film was reduced to only 15.3%, and the dimming uniformity U was abnormal.

[0287] [Comparative Example 9] A flat dimming glass

[0288] Similar to Example 10, the thickness of the first and second transparent substrates was 126 μm, and the thickness of the dimming active layer was 100 μm. However, the ordinary white glass was flat (the curvature function θ was 0). The dimming performance T and dimming uniformity U were tested. Specific parameters are shown in Table 2. The edges of the dimming glass exhibited obvious wrinkles, as shown in Figure 7. Arrows in the figure indicate wrinkles. This indicates that dimming glass fabricated with flat glass and curved dimming films is prone to wrinkles.

[0289] [Comparative Example 10] A hyperbolic dimming glass

[0290] The same test as in Example 10 was performed, except that the curved dimming film in Example 1 was replaced with a flat dimming film (curvature function θ was 0). The thicknesses of the first and second transparent substrates were 126 μm, and the dimming active layer was 100 μm thick. The dimming performance T and dimming uniformity U were tested. Specific parameters are shown in Table 2. The edges of the dimming glass exhibited obvious wrinkles, as shown in Figure 8. The arrows in the figure indicate wrinkles. This indicates that wrinkles are more likely to form when a flat dimming film and curved glass are used to create dimming glass.

[0291] [Comparative Example 11] A hyperbolic dimming glass

[0292] Similar to Example 10, the thickness of the first and second transparent substrates was 126 μm, and the thickness of the dimming active layer was 100 μm. However, the curvature function θ of the ordinary white glass was set to 50, and the curvature ratio R of the curved glass / curvature R of the curved dimming film ranged from 1.10 to 1.63. The dimming performance T and dimming uniformity U were tested. Specific parameters are shown in Table 2. The edges of the dimming glass exhibited noticeable wrinkles, as shown in Figure 9. Arrows in the figure indicate wrinkles. This indicates that wrinkles are more likely to occur when the curvature ratio R of the curved glass / curvature R of the curved dimming film exceeds 0.7 to 1.3.

[0293] [Comparative Example 12] A hyperbolic dimming glass

[0294] Similar to Example 10, the thickness of the first and second transparent substrates was 126 μm, and the thickness of the dimming active layer was 100 μm. However, the curvature function θ for ordinary white glass was 50, while that for the curved dimming film was 80. The curvature ratio R of the curved glass / curvature R of the curved dimming film ranged from 0.45 to 0.81. The dimming performance T and dimming uniformity U were tested. Specific parameters are shown in Table 2. The edges of the dimming glass exhibited noticeable wrinkles, as shown in Figure 10. Arrows in the figure indicate wrinkles. This indicates that wrinkles are more likely to occur when the curvature ratio R of the curved glass / curvature R of the curved dimming film exceeds 0.7 to 1.3.

[0295] Table 1 Parameters of curved dimming film Note: X indicates not applicable.

[0296] Table 1 Parameters of curved dimming film (continued) Note: X indicates not applicable.

[0297] Table 2 Parameters of curved dimming glass Note: X indicates not applicable.

[0298] According to the data in Table 1, the thickness of the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate of the dimming film used in [Example 10], [Example 11], [Example 12], [Example 14], [Example 15], [Example 16] and [Example 18] are all greater than 80μm. The prepared curved dimming glass has no wrinkles and good appearance. It can be seen that the thickness of the transparent substrate of the dimming film is not required to be less than 80μm when the curved dimming glass is prepared using the technical solution of this application. The preparation method of the curved dimming glass provided by this application is not limited to the first transparent substrate and / or the second transparent substrate of the dimming film having a thickness of 10 to 300μm. The thickness of the transparent substrate can be greater than 300μm. However, from a practical point of view, the range of 10 to 300μm is sufficient to meet the needs of actual applications.

[0299] Comparing [Comparative Example 1] and [Example 2], it can be seen that extending the first-step pulse heat shock time from 3 seconds to 100 seconds resulted in a 15.6% decrease in the dimming performance T of the curved dimming film, with abnormal dimming uniformity U and uneven local dimming of the film. Comparing [Comparative Example 2] and [Example 3], it can be seen that reducing the second-step hot press molding temperature from 120°C to 30°C resulted in the dimming film's surface function θ falling below 20 mm / m, to only 18 mm / m. Comparing [Comparative Example 3] and [Example 4], it can be seen that reducing the first-step pulse heat shock temperature from 250°C to 80°C resulted in a 19 mm / m decrease in the dimming performance θ of the curved dimming film. Comparing [Comparative Example 4] and [Example 5], it can be seen that extending the second-step hot press molding time from 25 seconds to 125 seconds resulted in a 10.1% decrease in the dimming performance T of the curved dimming film, with abnormal dimming uniformity U and uneven local dimming of the film. Comparing [Comparative Example 5] with [Example 7], it can be seen that increasing the relative pressure in the second hot pressing step from 0.4MPa to 2.0MPa causes the dimming performance T of the curved dimming film to decrease by only 12.1%, the dimming uniformity U is abnormal, and the dimming film has localized dimming unevenness. Comparing [Comparative Example 6] with [Example 8], it can be seen that increasing the first pulse heat shock temperature from 240°C to 300°C causes the dimming performance T of the curved dimming film to decrease by only 17.6%, the dimming uniformity U is abnormal, and the dimming film has localized dimming unevenness. Comparing [Comparative Example 7] with [Example 3], it can be seen that without the first pulse heat shock, the surface function θ of the curved dimming film is lower, only 13 mm / m. Comparing [Comparative Example 8] and [Example 3], it can be seen that without the first-step pulse heat shock and increasing the temperature of the second-step hot pressing molding to 280°C, the surface function θ of the obtained curved dimming film is normal. However, due to the excessively high temperature of the second-step hot pressing molding, the dimming performance T of the curved dimming film is attenuated to only 15.3%, the dimming uniformity U is abnormal, and the local dimming of the dimming film is uneven.

[0300] As can be seen from the above, in the process of pulse heat shock and hot pressing, each process parameter is crucial. Without the first step of pulse heat shock, it is difficult to prepare a curved dimming film with dimming performance T and dimming uniformity U. The normal surface function θ ranges from 20 mm / m to 300 mm / m.

[0301] By comparing [Example 3] and [Example 19], and [Example 6] and [Example 20], it can be seen that by adding a cold curing step, a curved dimming film with a slightly higher surface function θ can be prepared. This can prevent the curved dimming film formed by hot pressing from rebounding and deforming during the natural cooling process after the molding pressure is released at a high temperature, resulting in a decrease in the surface function θ.

[0302] Comparing the data in Table 2 with Comparative Example 9 and Example 10, it can be seen that wrinkles are generated when flat glass is laminated with a curved smart film to produce flat smart glass. Comparing Comparative Example 10 with Example 10 also shows that wrinkles are generated when curved glass is laminated with a flat smart film to produce curved smart glass. Comparing Comparative Examples 11-12 with Examples 10-18 shows that wrinkles are generated when the curvature R of the curved glass / the curvature R of the curved smart film exceeds the range of 0.7-1.3 when producing curved smart glass.

[0303] As can be seen from the above, in the process of manufacturing curved dimming glass, the curved dimming film needs to use the corresponding curved glass, or in other words, the curved glass needs to use the corresponding curved dimming film.

[0304] In the present invention, the dimming performance T of curved smart glasses made with the same type of curved smart film varies significantly. For example, the dimming performance T of [Example 10] is 49.2%, while the dimming performance T of [Example 11] is only 31.4%. This is due to the different curved glass used in the production of the curved smart glasses. As is well known, the visible light transmittance of curved glass of different colors varies, and some vary significantly. However, in some scenarios, a dimming performance T of ≥ 5% for curved smart glasses can meet practical requirements.

[0305] It can be seen from [Example 22] and [Example 23] that the preparation method of the curved dimming film described in the present application can be used to prepare a curved dimming film with a surface function θ less than 20 mm / m through pulse heat shock and hot pressing molding. The surface function θ of the curved dimming film prepared in [Example 22] is 14 mm / m, and the surface function θ of the curved dimming film prepared in [Example 23] is 4 mm / m.

[0306] It can be seen from [Example 24] and [Example 25] that the preparation method of the curved dimming film described in the present application can prepare a curved dimming film with a surface function θ less than 20 mm / m through pulse heat shock, hot pressing molding, and cold shock curing. The surface function θ of the curved dimming film prepared in [Example 24] is 5 mm / m, and the surface function θ of the curved dimming film prepared in [Example 25] is 3 mm / m.

[0307] Obviously, the method for preparing the curved dimming film provided in the present application is not limited to preparing a curved dimming film with a surface function θ ranging from 20 mm / m to 300 mm / m, but can also prepare a curved dimming film with a surface function θ ranging from 0 mm / m to 300 mm / m. Although the starting point of the inventors is to solve the technical problem of preparing a curved dimming film with a larger surface function θ, the method for preparing the curved dimming film provided can not only prepare a curved dimming film with a larger surface function θ, which can be up to 300 mm / m, but is also applicable to the preparation of a curved dimming film with a surface function θ less than 20 mm / m and as low as 0. In summary, the method for preparing the curved dimming film of the present application can prepare a curved dimming film with a surface function θ ranging from 0 mm / m to 300 mm / m.

[0308] In summary, the curved dimming film and curved dimming glass described in the present invention prepare a curved dimming film with a predetermined surface function θ through the technical means of pulse heat shock and hot pressing to form a flat dimming film, and further use the corresponding curved glass to prepare the curved dimming glass. This can avoid the appearance defect of wrinkles in the dimming film when using a flat dimming film to prepare the curved dimming glass, which is of great significance.

Claims

1. A curved dimming film, characterized in that: include: a first transparent substrate, a first transparent conductive layer formed on a first transparent substrate, The second transparent substrate, a second transparent conductive layer formed on a second transparent substrate, wherein the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer are arranged opposite to each other, and a dimming active layer disposed between the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer, Wherein, the curved surface function θ of the curved dimming film ranges from 20 mm / m to 300 mm / m, and the dimming performance T≥20%.

2. The curved dimming film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The curved dimming film has a predetermined size and shape.

3. The curved dimming film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first transparent substrate and / or the second transparent substrate has a thickness of 10 to 300 μm.

4. The curved dimming film according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The thickness of the first transparent substrate and / or the second transparent substrate is 90 to 300 μm, and the thickness of the dimming active layer is 20 to 200 μm.

5. The curved dimming film according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The curved surface function θ of the curved dimming film ranges from 35 mm / m to 250 mm / m, and the dimming performance T is ≥ 25%.

6. The curved dimming film according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The dimming active layer is selected from at least one of a suspended particle dimming active layer, a polymer dispersed liquid crystal dimming active layer, and an electrochromic dimming active layer.

7. The curved dimming film according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate are transparent plastic sheets.

8. The curved dimming film according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer are independently selected from one or more of ITO conductive layer, FZO conductive layer, IZO conductive layer, GZO conductive layer, AZO conductive layer, PEDOT conductive layer, nano-Ag wire conductive layer, conductive graphene, conductive polymer and nano-Cu wire conductive layer.

9. The curved dimming film according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The curved dimming film is suitable for manufacturing automobile skylight dimming glass.

10. The curved dimming film according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The cross-sectional profile of the cross-sectional line of the curved dimming film is at least one of a straight line, a circular arc, an elliptical arc, a parabola, and an asymmetric curve.

11. A method for preparing a curved dimming film, characterized in that: The curved dimming film is prepared by sequentially subjecting a flat dimming film to pulse thermal shock and hot pressing.

12. The method for preparing a curved dimming film according to claim 11, characterized in that: The pulse heat shock and hot pressing forming include: The first step is pulse heat shock, using a heating device, 120-280°C, heating for 3-60 seconds; The second step is hot pressing, 50-180°C, relative pressure 0.05-1.5MPa, processing in the mold for 5-90 seconds; The temperature of the pulse heat shock is at least 20° C. higher than the temperature of the thermoforming.

13. The method for preparing a curved dimming film according to claim 11, characterized in that: The pulse heat shock and hot pressing forming include: The first step is pulse heat shock, using a heating device, 130-250°C, heating for 4-35 seconds; The second step is hot pressing, 80-140°C, relative pressure 0.2-1.2MPa, in the mold for 10-60 seconds; The temperature of the pulse heat shock is at least 30° C. higher than the temperature of the thermoforming.

14. The method for preparing a curved dimming film according to claim 12, characterized in that: The hot pressing forming mold comprises an upper forming mold and a lower forming mold, and the surface function θ of the upper forming mold and the lower forming mold ranges from 20 mm / m to 300 mm / m.

15. The method for preparing a curved dimming film according to claim 14, characterized in that: The value range of the ratio of the curvature R of the cross-section lines of the upper molding die and the lower molding die at the same stacking position is between 0.9 and 1.

1.

16. The method for preparing a curved dimming film according to claim 14, characterized in that: The upper molding die and the lower molding die can be individually controlled in heating temperature.

17. The method for preparing a curved dimming film according to claim 14, characterized in that: The opposing surfaces of the upper molding die and / or the lower molding die have an uneven structure.

18. The method for preparing a curved dimming film according to claim 14, characterized in that: The lower molding die is densely covered with vacuum channels with a hole diameter of less than 2 mm.

19. The method for preparing a curved dimming film according to claim 11, characterized in that: The curved dimming film has a predetermined size and shape.

20. The method for preparing a curved dimming film according to claim 11, characterized in that: The curved surface function θ of the curved dimming film ranges from 20 mm / m to 300 mm / m, and the dimming performance T is ≥ 20%.

21. The method for preparing a curved dimming film according to claim 11 or 20, characterized in that: The first transparent substrate and / or the second transparent substrate has a thickness of 10 to 300 μm.

22. The method for preparing a curved dimming film according to claim 11 or 20, characterized in that: The thickness of the first transparent substrate and / or the second transparent substrate is 90 to 300 μm, and the thickness of the dimming active layer is 20 to 200 μm.

23. The method for preparing a curved dimming film according to claim 11, characterized in that: The curved surface function θ of the curved dimming film ranges from 35 mm / m to 250 mm / m, and the dimming performance T is ≥ 25%.

24. The method for preparing a curved dimming film according to any one of claims 11 to 23, characterized in that: After the pulse heat shock and hot pressing molding steps, a third step of cold shock solidification is also included.

25. The method for preparing a curved dimming film according to claim 24, characterized in that: The cold shock curing includes placing the curved dimming film obtained by pulse heat shock and hot pressing molding under the conditions of less than 40° C. and a relative pressure of 0.05 to 1.5 MPa in a mold for 10 to 600 seconds.

26. The method for preparing a curved dimming film according to claim 25, characterized in that: The cold-curing mold comprises an upper curing mold and a lower curing mold, and the surface function θ of the upper curing mold and the lower curing mold ranges from 20 mm / m to 300 mm / m.

27. The method for preparing a curved dimming film according to any one of claims 11 to 26, characterized in that: The curved dimming film is suitable for manufacturing automobile skylight dimming glass.

28. The method for preparing a curved dimming film according to claim 14, characterized in that: The cross-sectional profile of the section line of the upper molding die and the lower molding die at the same stacking position is at least one of a straight line, a circular arc, an elliptical arc, a parabola, and an asymmetric curve.

29. The method for preparing a curved dimming film according to claim 11, characterized in that: The cross-sectional profile of the cross-sectional line of the curved dimming film is at least one of a straight line, a circular arc, an elliptical arc, a parabola, and an asymmetric curve.

30. A curved dimming glass, characterized in that: include: A first curved glass; a second curved glass; a curved dimming film disposed between the first curved glass and the second curved glass; A first interlayer is provided between the first curved glass and the curved dimming film, and / or a second interlayer is provided between the second curved glass and the curved dimming film; The curved surface function θ of the curved dimming glass is in the range of 20 mm / m to 300 mm / m, and the dimming performance T is ≥5%.

31. The curved dimming glass according to claim 28, characterized in that: The thickness of the first transparent substrate and / or the second transparent substrate of the curved dimming film is 10-300 μm.

32. The curved dimming glass according to claim 30 or 31, characterized in that: The curved surface function θ of the curved dimming glass ranges from 35 mm / m to 250 mm / m, and the dimming performance T≥8%.

33. The curved dimming glass according to claim 30 or 31, characterized in that: The curved dimming film is selected from at least one of a suspended particle dimming film, a polymer dispersed liquid crystal dimming film, and an electrochromic dimming film.

34. The curved dimming glass according to claim 30 or 31, characterized in that: The curved dimming film is the curved dimming film according to any one of claims 1 to 10 or the curved dimming film prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 11 to 29.

35. The curved dimming glass according to claim 30 or 31, characterized in that: The interlayer material is selected from at least one of EVA film, TPU film and PVB film.

36. The curved dimming glass according to claim 30 or 31, characterized in that: The curved glass is selected from at least one of inorganic glass and organic glass.

37. The curved dimming glass according to any one of claims 30 to 36, characterized in that: The curved dimming glass includes automobile skylight dimming glass.

38. The curved dimming glass according to claim 30 or 31, characterized in that: The cross-sectional profile of the cross-sectional line of the curved dimming glass is at least one of a straight line, a circular arc, an elliptical arc, a parabola, and an asymmetric curve.

39. A method for preparing curved dimming glass, characterized in that: include: Provide curved glass; Providing an interlayer; Providing a curved dimming film with a curved function θ ranging from 20 mm / m to 300 mm / m for bonding with curved glass; The curved glass, the curved dimming film and the interlayer are stacked according to the structure of the curved dimming glass and then laminated.

40. The method for preparing curved dimming glass according to claim 39, characterized in that: The bonding of the curved dimming film to the curved glass means that the ratio of the curvature R of the curved glass and the curvature R of the corresponding curved dimming film in the cross-section line at the same lamination position is between 0.7 and 1.

3.

41. The method for preparing curved dimming glass according to claim 39, characterized in that: The curved dimming film with the curved surface function θ is prepared by subjecting a flat dimming film to pulse thermal shock and hot pressing in sequence.

42. The method for preparing curved dimming glass according to claim 41, characterized in that: The pulse heat shock and hot pressing forming include: The first step is pulse heat shock, using a heating device, 120-280°C, heating for 3-60 seconds; The second step is hot pressing, 50-180°C, relative pressure 0.05-1.0MPa, in the mold for 5-90 seconds; The temperature of the pulse heat shock is at least 20° C. higher than the temperature of the thermoforming.

43. The method for preparing curved dimming glass according to claim 41, characterized in that: The pulse heat shock and hot pressing forming include: The first step is pulse heat shock, using a heating device, 130-250°C, heating for 4-35 seconds; The second step is hot pressing, 80-140°C, relative pressure 0.1-0.8MPa, in the mold for 10-60 seconds; The temperature of the pulse heat shock is at least 30° C. higher than the temperature of the thermoforming.

44. The method for preparing curved dimming glass according to claim 42, characterized in that: The hot pressing forming mold comprises an upper forming mold and a lower forming mold, and the surface function θ of the upper forming mold and the lower forming mold ranges from 20 mm / m to 300 mm / m.

45. The method for preparing curved dimming glass according to claim 44, characterized in that: The value range of the ratio of the curvature R of the cross-section lines of the upper molding die and the lower molding die at the same stacking position is between 0.9 and 1.

1.

46. ​​The method for preparing curved dimming glass according to claim 44, characterized in that: The upper molding die and the lower molding die can be individually controlled in heating temperature.

47. The method for preparing curved dimming glass according to claim 44, characterized in that: The opposing surfaces of the upper molding die and / or the lower molding die have an uneven structure.

48. The method for preparing curved dimming glass according to claim 44, characterized in that: The lower molding die is densely covered with vacuum channels with a hole diameter of less than 2 mm.

49. The method for preparing curved dimming glass according to any one of claims 41 to 48, characterized in that: After the pulse heat shock and hot pressing molding steps, a third step of cold shock solidification is also included.

50. The method for preparing curved dimming glass according to claim 49, characterized in that: The cold shock curing step includes placing the curved dimming film obtained by pulse heat shock and hot pressing in a mold at a temperature below 40° C. and a relative pressure of 0.05 to 1.5 MPa for 10 to 600 seconds.

51. The method for preparing curved dimming glass according to claim 50, characterized in that: The cold-curing mold comprises an upper curing mold and a lower curing mold, and the surface function θ of the upper curing mold and the lower curing mold ranges from 20 mm / m to 300 mm / m.

52. The method for preparing curved dimming glass according to claim 39, characterized in that: The laminating temperature of the laminating treatment is 80-130° C., the laminating relative pressure is 0.1-1.2 MPa, and the laminating time is 30-120 minutes.

53. The method for preparing curved dimming glass according to claim 39, characterized in that: The curved surface function θ of the curved dimming glass is in the range of 20 mm / m to 300 mm / m, and the dimming performance T is ≥5%.

54. The method for preparing curved dimming glass according to claim 39, characterized in that: The curved surface function θ of the curved dimming glass ranges from 35 mm / m to 250 mm / m, and the dimming performance T≥8%.

55. The method for preparing curved dimming glass according to claim 39, characterized in that: The curved dimming film is the curved dimming film according to any one of claims 1 to 11 or the curved dimming film prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 12 to 29.

56. The method for preparing curved dimming glass according to any one of claims 39 to 55, characterized in that: The curved dimming glass includes automobile skylight dimming glass.

57. The method for preparing curved dimming glass according to claim 44, characterized in that: The cross-sectional profile of the section line of the upper molding die and the lower molding die at the same stacking position is at least one of a straight line, a circular arc, an elliptical arc, a parabola, and an asymmetric curve.

58. Use of the curved dimming glass according to any one of claims 30 to 38 or the curved dimming glass prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 39 to 57, characterized in that: The dimming glass can be used for automobile window glass, skylight glass or glass curtain wall.

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