Three-dimensional fused deposition modeling method for complex model

Abstract

Disclosed is a three-dimensional fused deposition modeling method for a complex model, comprising: establishing a three-dimensional model of a complex model; on the basis of the three-dimensional model, obtaining a UV line of a layer transition surface of the complex model; determining a specific position on the layer transition surface, and determining a V line corresponding to the specific position in the UV line; and printing the complex model on the basis of a printing trajectory, wherein a plurality of points on the V line are used as layer transition points of the printing trajectory of the complex model.

Description

3D Fused Deposition Modeling Method for Complex Models

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on December 12, 2023, with application number 202311699990.8, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of building construction technology, for example, to a three-dimensional fused deposition modeling method for complex models. Background Art

[0003] Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) is a type of 3D printing technology. Its principle is to melt thermoplastic materials (such as acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and polylactic acid (PLA)) in a high-temperature nozzle. The nozzle then moves along the path described in the file data while extruding the material at a certain speed. After the extruded material solidifies on the printer platform, it forms a "layer" of the model. After each layer is completed, the nozzle will rise to a certain height to continue to complete the next layer until the model is printed.

[0004] The trajectory layer change point of 3D printing is the end point of each layer of printing trajectory and the starting point of the next layer of printing trajectory set when planning the trajectory node. There are currently two commonly used trajectory layer change point planning methods: one is to use a point on the printing trajectory line closest to the set point as the trajectory layer change point, and the other is to use the curve corner point of the printing trajectory of that layer as the trajectory layer change point.

[0005] For complex models, due to the irregular shape of the model, the above two trajectory layer change point planning schemes will cause the trajectory layer change points to appear on the front of the model. After the model is printed, an appearance point bulge will be formed at the trajectory layer change point, resulting in defects in the front appearance of the complex model; and, because the trajectory layer change point planning method in the related technology is uncontrollable for irregular models, the position of the trajectory layer change point is uncontrollable, which will cause the material to warp and crack due to weakness at the connection of the trajectory layer change point, affecting the molding quality of the model.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a three-dimensional fused deposition modeling method for complex models to solve the above problems.

[0007] Summary of the Invention

[0008] The present application provides a three-dimensional fused deposition modeling method for complex models, which can more freely set the position of the layer change point, minimize appearance defects, and reduce the risk of warping and cracking as much as possible.

[0009] This application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0010] A method for three-dimensional fused deposition modeling of a complex model is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0011] Build 3D models of complex models;

[0012] According to the 3D model, obtain the UV line of the complex model's surface change;

[0013] Determine a specific position on the layer change surface, and determine a V-line corresponding to the specific position in the UV line; print the complex model according to the printing trajectory, wherein multiple points on the V-line of the layer change surface of the complex model are used as layer change points of the printing trajectory of the complex model, and the multiple layer change points correspond one-to-one to multiple slices of the complex model.

[0014] Before printing complex models according to the printing trajectory, it also includes:

[0015] The complex model and V-line are input into the slicing module to divide the complex model into multiple slices and the V-line into multiple segments, each segment of the V-line corresponds to at least one slice; according to the slice height of each slice, the point on the V-line corresponding to each slice is determined to obtain the layer change point of each slice.

[0016] The complex model includes an outer contour, which forms a plurality of first contour lines stacked in sequence along the extension direction of the V line after the complex model is sliced, and the plurality of first contour lines respectively correspond to the plurality of slices of the complex model;

[0017] Before printing the complex model according to the printing trajectory, the method further includes: using the first contour line corresponding to each slice as the printing trajectory of the outer contour corresponding to each slice, so as to print the outer contour corresponding to each slice;

[0018] Get the layer change point of each slice, including:

[0019] The intersection point of the first contour line corresponding to each slice and the V line is used as the layer change point of the outer contour of each slice.

[0020] The complex model also includes an internal lattice arranged within the outer contour. The internal lattice includes a plurality of second contour lines stacked in sequence along the V-line extension direction after the complex model is sliced. The plurality of second contour lines correspond one-to-one to the plurality of first contour lines, and the plurality of second contour lines correspond to the plurality of slices of the complex model.

[0021] Before printing the complex model according to the printing trajectory, the method further includes: using the second contour line corresponding to each slice as the printing trajectory of the internal lattice corresponding to each slice, so as to print the internal lattice corresponding to each slice;

[0022] Get the layer change point of each slice, including:

[0023] The intersection point of the second contour line of the internal lattice corresponding to each slice and the V line is used as the layer change point of the internal lattice corresponding to each slice.

[0024] After splitting the complex model into multiple slices, it also includes:

[0025] For each slice, a cutting circle is drawn with the layer change point on the first contour line as the center, the cutting circle at least partially intersecting the second contour line, and the first contour line and the second contour line within the cutting circle are removed to form the printing start and end points of the first contour line and the printing start and end points of the second contour line;

[0026] The printing end point of the first contour line of the nth layer, the printing starting point of the second contour line of the nth layer, the printing end point of the second contour line of the nth layer and the printing starting point of the first contour line of the n+1th layer are connected at the layer change point of the first contour line, and the layer change point of the first contour line of the n+1th layer is the layer change point of the printing trajectory of the nth layer and the printing trajectory of the n+1th layer of the complex model, and so on, until the printing trajectory of all slices of the complex model is obtained to print all slices of the complex model, where n≥1, and the printing trajectory of each slice includes the printing trajectory of the outer contour corresponding to each slice and the printing trajectory of the internal lattice corresponding to each slice.

[0027] Complex models include multiple model segments. Printing complex models includes:

[0028] Print multiple model segments separately and then join them together to form a complex model.

[0029] The V line of each model segment serves as the alignment line when two adjacent model segments of each model segment are spliced ​​together.

[0030] UV lines are obtained according to the UV map axis of the complex model.

[0031] The V-line is located on the non-use surface of the complex model.

[0032] Unused surfaces include the bottom or back surfaces of complex models. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] FIG1 is a flow chart of a three-dimensional fused deposition modeling method for a complex model provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0034] FIG2 is a first structural diagram of a complex model provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0035] FIG3 is a second structural diagram of a complex model provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0036] FIG4 is a third structural diagram of a complex model provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0037] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a model segment of a complex model provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0038] FIG6 is a first process diagram of obtaining a complex model printing trajectory provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0039] FIG7 is a second process diagram of obtaining a complex model printing trajectory provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0040] FIG8 is a third process diagram of obtaining a complex model printing trajectory provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.

[0041] In the figure: 1-model segment; 2-V line; 3-layer change point; 4-cutting circle; 11-outer contour; 12-inner lattice; 111-first contour line; 121-second contour line. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on this application. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. Among them, the terms "first position" and "second position" are two different positions.

[0043] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed or detachable connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application in specific contexts.

[0044] As shown in FIG1 , this embodiment provides a three-dimensional fused deposition modeling method for a complex model, comprising the following steps:

[0045] S1. Build a three-dimensional model of a complex model;

[0046] S2. In the process of building a 3D model, obtain the UV line of the complex model’s surface change;

[0047] S3. Determine a specific position on the layer change surface, and determine the V line corresponding to the specific position in the UV line; print the complex model according to the printing trajectory, wherein multiple points on the V line 2 of the layer change surface of the complex model are used as layer change points 3 of the printing trajectory of the complex model, and the multiple layer change points 3 correspond one-to-one to the multiple layers of the complex model.

[0048] Among them, in step S2, the change layer is the surface where multiple layer change points 3 are located after the complex model is formed. If the layer change point 3 is to be on the back of the complex model, the V line corresponding to a specific U position on the back of the complex model is obtained. The three-dimensional fused deposition modeling method of the complex model provided in this embodiment uses the points on the V line 2 in the UV line of the complex model change layer as the layer change points 3 during 3D printing, so that the layer change points 3 of each layer of the complex model after printing are all located on the V line 2, that is, multiple layer change points 3 form a continuous line, which can improve the appearance quality of the complex model after molding and avoid the situation where the appearance defects are caused by the non-uniformity of the layer change points 3 during the printing process of large components such as complex models. In addition, using the points on the V line 2 as the layer change points 3 makes the selection of the layer change points 3 more free and flexible. Especially for complex models with irregular shapes, this three-dimensional fused deposition modeling method can ensure the appearance molding quality of the complex model, minimize the material warping and cracking caused by the weak points at the position of the layer change points 3, and improve the structural strength of the complex model after molding.

[0049] In this embodiment, referring to Figures 2 and 3 , the complex model comprises multiple model segments 1. Each model segment 1 is printed separately, and after printing, the multiple model segments 1 are assembled to form the complex model. For large components, a single printing operation is difficult. Therefore, the complex model is divided into multiple model segments 1, each of which can be printed individually. This reduces the printing difficulty, facilitates handling and transportation, and improves construction convenience.

[0050] Print complex models, including:

[0051] Print multiple model segments separately and then join them together to form a complex model.

[0052] The V-line 2 of each model segment 1 serves as the alignment line for joining two adjacent segments 1. That is, after 3D printing, the V-line 2 formed by the multiple layer change points 3 on each segment 1 serves as the alignment line for joining the segments 1. As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the ends of the V-lines 2 of two adjacent segments 1 face each other. This arrangement facilitates subsequent assembly and prevents misalignment, further improving the finished appearance of the complex model.

[0053] In step S2, UV lines are obtained based on the complex model's UV mapping axes. UV mapping axes refer to the UV mapping axes of a 3D model corresponding to a 2D texture, with U indicating the horizontal direction and V indicating the vertical direction. UV mapping axes were first used in the model rendering stage. They are used to map a 2D texture map onto a 3D model, and are introduced as coordinate mapping axes for 2D unfolding of the 3D model.

[0054] In step S3, V-line 2 is located on the non-use surface of the complex model. In other words, the layer change point can be the non-use surface of the complex model. This configuration allows the joints created at layer change point 3 to be hidden on the non-use surface after printing, without affecting the smoothness of the use surface and ensuring a high-quality appearance.

[0055] The non-use surface includes the bottom or back of the complex model. For example, as shown in Figures 2, 3, and 4, the complex model is a landscape chair model for a construction project. V-line 2 is located on the bottom of the chair model, completely concealing the printed joints. After the chair is installed, the joints are invisible from the outside, improving its aesthetics.

[0056] Referring to FIG1 , before printing a complex model according to the printing trajectory, the following steps are also included:

[0057] S301: Perform a model slicing process: The complex model and the corresponding V-line 2 are input into a slicing program (slicing module) as input sources. This divides the complex model into multiple slices and the V-line 2 into multiple segments, each corresponding to at least one slice. The corresponding point on each V-line 2 is obtained from each segment of the V-line 2 based on the slice height of each slice of the complex model to obtain the layer transition point 3 for each layer of the complex model. The slicing module is a related technology that is configured to divide the established 3D model into multiple slices.

[0058] In this embodiment, referring to Figures 5, 7, and 8, the complex model includes an outer contour 11. After slicing the complex model, the outer contour 11 forms a plurality of first contour lines 111 stacked in sequence along the extension direction of the V-line 2. The plurality of first contour lines 111 correspond to multiple layers of the complex model. The intersection of each first contour line 111 and the V-line 2 is the layer change point 3 of the corresponding layer of the complex model. The first contour line 111 is the printing trajectory of the outer contour 11. The shape of the outer contour 11 is the outer shape of the complex model, and the number of first contour lines 111 is the number of layers when the complex model is printed.

[0059] The three-dimensional fused deposition modeling method of the complex model provided in this embodiment, before printing the complex model according to the printing trajectory, also includes: using the first contour line corresponding to each slice as the printing trajectory of the outer contour corresponding to each slice, so as to print the outer contour corresponding to each slice.

[0060] Get the layer change point of each slice, including:

[0061] The intersection point of the first contour line corresponding to each slice and the V line is used as the layer change point of the outer contour of each slice.

[0062] The complex model also includes an internal lattice 12 disposed within the outer contour 11. This internal lattice 12 includes a plurality of second contour lines 121 stacked sequentially along the direction of the V-line 2 after the complex model is sliced. The plurality of second contour lines 121 correspond one-to-one with the plurality of first contour lines 111. The plurality of second contour lines 121 correspond to the plurality of slices of the complex model, and the second contour lines 121 form the printing trajectory of the internal lattice 12. The internal lattice 12 is used to enhance the structural strength of the complex model, ensuring that the formed model has a certain load-bearing capacity.

[0063] The three-dimensional fused deposition modeling method of the complex model provided in this embodiment, before printing the complex model according to the printing trajectory, also includes: using the second contour line corresponding to each slice as the printing trajectory of the internal lattice corresponding to each slice to print the internal lattice corresponding to each slice.

[0064] Get the layer change point of each slice, including:

[0065] The intersection point of the second contour line of the internal lattice corresponding to each slice and the V line is used as the layer change point of the internal lattice corresponding to each slice.

[0066] 1 , 6 , 7 and 8 , after step S301 , the following steps are also included:

[0067] S302, obtaining a printing trajectory of the complex model: for each slice, a cutting circle 4 is drawn with the layer change point 3 on the first contour line 111 as the center, the cutting circle 4 at least partially intersecting the second contour line 121, and the first contour line 111 and the second contour line 121 within the cutting circle 4 are removed to form the printing start and end points of the first contour line 111 and the second contour line 121;

[0068] The printing end point of the first contour line 111 of the nth layer, the printing starting point of the second contour line 121 of the nth layer, the printing end point of the second contour line 121 of the nth layer, and the printing starting point of the first contour line 111 of the n+1th layer are connected at the layer change point 3 of the first contour line 111 of the n+1th layer, and this point is the layer change point 3 between the printing trajectory of the nth layer of the complex model and the printing trajectory of the n+1th layer, and so on, until the printing trajectory of all layers of the complex model is obtained to print all slices of the complex model, where n≥1. The printing trajectory of each slice includes the printing trajectory of the outer contour corresponding to each slice, and the printing trajectory of the internal lattice corresponding to each slice. The multi-layer printing trajectory is connected through the corresponding multiple layer change points 3 to form a complete and continuous overall printing trajectory of the complex model.

[0069] As shown in Figure 6, a cutting circle 4 is formed at the position corresponding to the layer change point 3 on each first contour line 111. After removing the first contour lines 111 and second contour lines 121 within the cutting circle 4, each first contour line 111 and second contour line 121 becomes an open trajectory line, as shown in Figure 7. By sequentially connecting the first contour lines 111 of the outer contour 11 with the second contour lines 121 of the inner lattice 12 layer by layer, a continuous layer change trajectory of the complex model can be formed.

[0070] As shown in Figure 8, assuming that the bottom circle of the first contour line 111 in Figure 8 is the first layer, the printing starting point of the first contour line 111 of the first layer is the printing starting point of the entire complex model (that is, the layer-changing point of the first layer). From this point, the print head moves along the trajectory of the first contour line 111 of the first layer to the printing end point of the first contour line 111 of the first layer and the printing starting point of the second contour line 121 of the first layer (the printing end point of the first contour line 111 and the printing starting point of the second contour line 121 of the first layer are the same point), and continues to move along the trajectory of the second contour line 121 of the first layer to the printing end point of the second contour line 121 of the first layer. This point is also the printing starting point of the first contour line 111 of the second layer, and is also the layer-changing point 3 between the first layer and the second layer of the complex model.

[0071] Starting from the layer switching point 3 between the first and second layers, the print head moves along the trajectory of the second layer's first contour line 111 to the printing end point of the second layer's first contour line 111 and the printing start point of the second layer's second contour line 121 (the printing end point of the first contour line 111 and the printing start point of the second layer's second contour line 121 are the same point), and continues to move along the trajectory of the second layer's second contour line 121 to the printing end point of the second layer's second contour line 121. This point is also the printing start point of the third layer's first contour line 111 and the layer switching point 3 between the second and third layers of the complex model. This process continues in this manner until the complex model is printed.

[0072] The complex model 3D fused deposition modeling method in the embodiments of the present application can be performed by a complex model 3D fused deposition modeling apparatus. The complex model 3D fused deposition modeling method provided in this embodiment comprises a modeling software that creates a 3D model of the complex model, a UV mapping software that obtains UV lines of a cross-section of the complex model based on the 3D model, a slicing module that determines a specific position U on the cross-section and determines a V line corresponding to the specific position U in the UV lines, and a 3D printing device that prints the complex model according to the printing trajectory.

[0073] This application also proposes a three-dimensional fused deposition modeling device for complex models, including a memory, a processor, and a 3D printing device;

[0074] The memory stores a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, the following steps are implemented:

[0075] Build 3D models of complex models;

[0076] In the process of building a 3D model, obtain the UV lines of the complex model's surface.

[0077] The 3D printing device is configured to print the complex model by using multiple points on the V-line of the complex model's layer change point as the layer change point of the complex model printing trajectory.

[0078] The three-dimensional fused deposition modeling apparatus for complex models may further include an assembly device, which is configured to splice a plurality of printed model segments according to a splicing scheme to form a complex model.

[0079] The assembly equipment may include virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) equipment, laser measuring instruments, jigs and fixtures, or robots.

Claims

1. Three-dimensional fused deposition modeling method for complex models, including: Build 3D models of complex models; According to the three-dimensional model, obtaining UV rays of the face-changing layers of the complex model; Determine a specific position on the switching layer, and determine a V line corresponding to the specific position in the UV line; The complex model is printed according to the printing trajectory, wherein a plurality of points on the V line are used as layer-changing points of the printing trajectory of the complex model, and the plurality of layer-changing points correspond one-to-one to a plurality of slices of the complex model.

2. The three-dimensional fused deposition modeling method of a complex model according to claim 1, before printing the complex model according to the printing trajectory, further comprising: Inputting the complex model and the V-line into a slicing model to slice the complex model into a plurality of slices, and to slice the V-line into a plurality of segments, each segment of the V-line corresponding to at least one slice; According to the slice height of each slice, a point on the segment V line corresponding to each slice is determined to obtain a layer change point of each slice.

3. The three-dimensional fused deposition modeling method of a complex model according to claim 2, wherein: The complex model comprises an outer contour, and after the complex model is sliced, the outer contour forms a plurality of first contour lines which are sequentially stacked and arranged along the extension direction of the V line, and the plurality of first contour lines respectively correspond to a plurality of slices of the complex model; Before printing the complex model according to the printing trajectory, the method further includes: using the first contour line corresponding to each slice as the printing trajectory of the outer contour corresponding to each slice, so as to print the outer contour corresponding to each slice; The step of obtaining the layer change point of each slice comprises: The intersection point of the first contour line corresponding to each slice and the V line is used as the layer-changing point of the outer contour of each slice.

4. The three-dimensional fused deposition modeling method of a complex model according to claim 3, wherein: The complex model also includes an internal lattice arranged in the outer contour, and the internal lattice forms a plurality of second contour lines stacked in sequence along the extension direction of the V line after the complex model is sliced, and the plurality of second contour lines correspond to the plurality of first contour lines one by one, and the plurality of second contour lines correspond to the plurality of slices of the complex model respectively. Before printing the complex model according to the printing trajectory, the method further includes: using the second contour line corresponding to each slice as the printing trajectory of the internal lattice corresponding to each slice, so as to print the internal lattice corresponding to each slice; The step of obtaining the layer change point of each slice comprises: The intersection point of the second contour line of the internal lattice corresponding to each slice and the V line is used as the layer change point of the internal lattice corresponding to each slice.

5. The three-dimensional fused deposition modeling method of a complex model according to claim 4, after said dividing said complex model into a plurality of slices, further comprising: For each slice, a cutting circle is drawn with the layer-changing point on the first contour line as the center, the cutting circle at least partially intersecting the second contour line, and the first contour line and the second contour line within the cutting circle are removed to form a printing start point and a printing end point of the first contour line, and a printing start point and a printing end point of the second contour line; The printing end point of the first contour line of the nth layer, the printing starting point of the second contour line of the nth layer, the printing end point of the second contour line of the nth layer and the printing starting point of the first contour line of the n+1th layer are connected at the layer change point of the first contour line of the n+1th layer, and the layer change point of the first contour line of the n+1th layer is the layer change point of the printing trajectory of the nth layer and the printing trajectory of the n+1th layer of the complex model, and so on, until the printing trajectory of all slices of the complex model is obtained to print all slices of the complex model, wherein n≥1, and the printing trajectory of each slice includes the printing trajectory of the outer contour corresponding to each slice, and the printing trajectory of the internal lattice corresponding to each slice.

6. The three-dimensional fused deposition modeling method of a complex model according to claim 1, wherein: The complex model includes a plurality of model segments, and printing the complex model includes: The multiple model segments are printed separately, and the multiple model segments after printing are spliced ​​to form the complex model.

7. The three-dimensional fused deposition modeling method of a complex model according to claim 6, wherein: The V line of each model segment serves as an alignment line when two adjacent model segments of each model segment are spliced ​​together.

8. The three-dimensional fused deposition modeling method of a complex model according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: The UV lines are obtained according to the UV mapping axis of the complex model.

9. The three-dimensional fused deposition modeling method of a complex model according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: The V-line is located on the non-use surface of the complex model.

10. The three-dimensional fused deposition modeling method of a complex model according to claim 9, wherein: The non-use surface includes the bottom surface or the back surface of the complex model.

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