Elimination of activation signal interference in a network
The use of RS patterns to manage activation signal interference in AIoT networks enhances signal detection by minimizing interference, allowing for efficient extraction of backscattered signals.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/077271
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-02-16
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-21
AI Technical Summary
Activation signal interference in ambient Internet-of-Things (AIoT) networks causes significant challenges in detecting backscattered signals due to the stronger activation signal strength, leading to reduced signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) at the reader device.
Implementing a reference signal (RS) pattern to indicate time positions where activation signals are not backscattered by AIoT devices, allowing the reader device to extract backscattered signals efficiently by reducing interference using channel estimation and interference elimination techniques.
Effectively reduces activation signal interference, enabling the detection of useful data modulated on backscattered signals by utilizing RS patterns for channel estimation and interference mitigation.
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Figure CN2024077271_21082025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
ELIMINATION OF ACTIVATION SIGNAL INTERFERENCE IN A NETWORKFIELD
[0001] Various example embodiments generally relate to the field of communication, and in particular, to a first device, a second device, a third device, a fourth device, methods, apparatuses and a computer readable storage medium related to elimination of activation signal interference in a network, for example, an ambient Internet-of-Things (AIoT) network.BACKGROUND
[0002] In communication technology, there is a constant evolution ongoing in order to provide efficient and reliable solutions for utilizing wireless communication networks. Each new generation has its own technical challenges for handling different situations and processes that are needed to connect and serve devices connected to wireless networks. To meet the demand for increased wireless data traffic since the deployment of 4th generation (4G) communication systems, efforts have been made to develop an improved 5th generation (5G) , pre-5G, 5G-advanced, 6G, or beyond 6G communication system. The new communication systems can support various types of service applications for terminal devices.
[0003] The third generation partnership project (3GPP) is working on a Rel-19 study item on ambient power enabled IoT, which focuses on use cases and service requirements. However, there are still some open problems related to network deployment, especially AIoT network deployment, that needs to be studied.SUMMARY
[0004] In general, example embodiments of the present disclosure provide a first device, a second device, a third device, a fourth device, methods, apparatuses and a computer readable storage medium for communication, for example, for elimination of activation signal interference in a network, especially for elimination of activation signal interference in an ambient Internet-of-Things (AIoT) network based on a reference signal (RS) pattern.
[0005] In a first aspect, there is provided a first device. The first device may comprise at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the first device at least to: receive, from a second device, first configuration information comprising at least a reference signal (RS) pattern, wherein the RS pattern indicates at least RS time positions in a first signal from a third device, during which the first signal will not be backscattered by a fourth device; and in response to receiving one of the first signal or a combined signal, extract a second signal from the combined signal based on the first configuration information, wherein the combined signal comprises a combination of the first signal and the second signal.
[0006] In a second aspect, there is provided a second device. The second device may comprise at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the second device at least to: transmit, to a first device, first configuration information comprising at least a reference signal (RS) pattern, wherein the RS pattern indicates at least RS time positions in a first signal from a third device, during which the first signal will not be backscattered by a fourth device.
[0007] In a third aspect, there is provided a third device. The third device may comprise at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the third device at least to: receive, from a second device, second configuration information comprising at least a reference signal (RS) pattern, wherein the RS pattern indicates at least RS time positions in a first signal from the third device, during which the first signal will not be backscattered by a fourth device; and transmit, to the first device, the first signal which comprises at least one RS following the RS pattern.
[0008] In a fourth aspect, there is provided a fourth device. The fourth device may comprise at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the fourth device at least to: receive, from a second device, a query indication comprising at least a reference signal (RS) pattern, wherein the RS pattern indicates at least RS time positions in a first signal from a third device; and transmit, to a first device, a second signal based on reception of the first signal from the third device, wherein the first signal comprises at least one RS following the RS pattern and the first signal is not backscattered by the fourth device during the RS time positions indicated by the RS pattern.
[0009] In a fifth aspect, there is provided a method. The method may comprise: receiving, from a second device, first configuration information comprising at least a reference signal (RS) pattern, wherein the RS pattern indicates at least RS time positions in a first signal from a third device, during which the first signal will not be backscattered by a fourth device; and in response to receiving one of the first signal or a combined signal, extracting a second signal from the combined signal based on the first configuration information, wherein the combined signal comprises a combination of the first signal and the second signal.
[0010] In a sixth aspect, there is provided a method. The method may comprise: transmitting, to a first device, first configuration information comprising at least a reference signal (RS) pattern, wherein the RS pattern indicates at least RS time positions in a first signal from a third device, during which the first signal will not be backscattered by a fourth device.
[0011] In a seventh aspect, there is provided a method. The method may comprise: receiving, from a second device, second configuration information comprising at least a reference signal (RS) pattern, wherein the RS pattern indicates at least RS time positions in a first signal from a third device, during which the first signal will not be backscattered by a fourth device; and transmitting, to a first device, the first signal which comprises at least one RS following the RS pattern.
[0012] In an eighth aspect, there is provided a method. The method may comprise: receiving, from a second device, a query indication comprising at least a reference signal (RS) pattern, wherein the RS pattern indicates at least RS time positions in a first signal from a third device; and transmitting, to a first device, a second signal based on reception of the first signal from the third device, wherein the first signal comprises at least one RS following the RS pattern and the first signal is not backscattered by a fourth device during the RS time positions indicated by the RS pattern.
[0013] In a ninth aspect, there is provided an apparatus. The apparatus may comprise: means for receiving, from a second device, first configuration information comprising at least a reference signal (RS) pattern, wherein the RS pattern indicates at least RS time positions in a first signal from a third device, during which the first signal will not be backscattered by a fourth device; and means for in response to receiving one of the first signal or a combined signal, extracting a second signal from the combined signal based on the first configuration information, wherein the combined signal comprises a combination of the first signal and the second signal.
[0014] In a tenth aspect, there is provided an apparatus. The apparatus may comprise: means for transmitting, to a first device, first configuration information comprising at least a reference signal (RS) pattern, wherein the RS pattern indicates at least RS time positions in a first signal from a third device, during which the first signal will not be backscattered by a fourth device.
[0015] In an eleventh aspect, there is provided an apparatus. The apparatus may comprise: means for receiving, from a second device, second configuration information comprising at least a reference signal (RS) pattern, wherein the RS pattern indicates at least RS time positions in a first signal from a third device, during which the first signal will not be backscattered by a fourth device; and means for transmitting, to a first device, the first signal which comprises at least one RS following the RS pattern.
[0016] In a twelfth aspect, there is provided an apparatus. The apparatus may comprise: means for receiving, from a second device, a query indication comprising at least a reference signal (RS) pattern, wherein the RS pattern indicates at least RS time positions in a first signal from a third device; and means for transmitting, to a first device, a second signal based on reception of the first signal from the third device, wherein the first signal comprises at least one RS following the RS pattern and the first signal is not backscattered by a fourth device during the RS time positions indicated by the RS pattern.
[0017] In a thirteenth aspect, there is provided a non-transitory computer readable medium comprising program instructions for causing an apparatus to perform at least the method according to the fifth to eighth aspects.
[0018] In a fourteenth aspect, there is provided a computer program comprising instructions, which, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus at least to: receive, from a second device, first configuration information comprising at least a reference signal (RS) pattern, wherein the RS pattern indicates at least RS time positions in a first signal from a third device, during which the first signal will not be backscattered by a fourth device; and in response to receiving one of the first signal or a combined signal, extract a second signal from the combined signal based on the first configuration information, wherein the combined signal comprises a combination of the first signal and the second signal.
[0019] In a fifteenth aspect, there is provided a computer program comprising instructions, which, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus at least to: transmit, to a first device, first configuration information comprising at least a reference signal (RS) pattern, wherein the RS pattern indicates at least RS time positions in a first signal from a third device, during which the first signal will not be backscattered by a fourth device.
[0020] In a sixteenth aspect, there is provided a computer program comprising instructions, which, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus at least to: receive, from a second device, second configuration information comprising at least a reference signal (RS) pattern, wherein the RS pattern indicates at least RS time positions in a first signal from the third device, during which the first signal will not be backscattered by a fourth device; and transmit, to the first device, the first signal which comprises at least one RS following the RS pattern.
[0021] In a seventeenth aspect, there is provided a computer program comprising instructions, which, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus at least to: receive, from a second device, a query indication comprising at least a reference signal (RS) pattern, wherein the RS pattern indicates at least RS time positions in a first signal from a third device; and transmit, to a first device, a second signal based on reception of the first signal from the third device, wherein the first signal comprises at least one RS following the RS pattern and the first signal is not backscattered by the fourth device during the RS time positions indicated by the RS pattern.
[0022] In an eighteenth aspect, there is provided a first device. The first device may comprise a receiving circuitry configured to receive, from a second device, first configuration information comprising at least a reference signal (RS) pattern, wherein the RS pattern indicates at least RS time positions in a first signal from a third device, during which the first signal will not be backscattered by a fourth device; and an extracting circuity configured to in response to receiving one of the first signal or a combined signal, extract a second signal from the combined signal based on the first configuration information, wherein the combined signal comprises a combination of the first signal and the second signal.
[0023] In a nineteenth aspect, there is provided a second device. The second device may comprise a transmitting circuitry configured to transmit, to a first device, first configuration information comprising at least a reference signal (RS) pattern, wherein the RS pattern indicates at least RS time positions in a first signal from a third device, during which the first signal will not be backscattered by a fourth device.
[0024] In a twentieth aspect, there is provided a third device. The third device may comprise a receiving circuitry configured to receive, from a second device, second configuration information comprising at least a reference signal (RS) pattern, wherein the RS pattern indicates at least RS time positions in a first signal from the third device, during which the first signal will not be backscattered by a fourth device; and a transmitting circuitry configured to transmit, to the first device, the first signal which comprises at least one RS following the RS pattern.
[0025] In a twenty-first aspect, there is provided a fourth device. The fourth device may comprise a receiving circuitry configured to receive, from a second device, a query indication comprising at least a reference signal (RS) pattern, wherein the RS pattern indicates at least RS time positions in a first signal from a third device; and a transmitting circuitry configured to transmit, to a first device, a second signal based on reception of the first signal from the third device, wherein the first signal comprises at least one RS following the RS pattern and the first signal is not backscattered by the fourth device during the RS time positions indicated by the RS pattern.
[0026] It is to be understood that the summary section is not intended to identify key or essential features of embodiments of the present disclosure, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Other features of the present disclosure will become easily comprehensible through the following description.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0027] Some example embodiments will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
[0028] FIG. 1A illustrates an example of an application scenario in which some example embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented;
[0029] FIG. 1B illustrates an example of an application scenario in which some other example embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented;
[0030] FIG. 2 illustrates an example of an application scenario in which yet other example embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented;
[0031] FIG. 3 illustrates an example signaling process of elimination of activation signal interference in an AIoT network based on a reference signal (RS) pattern in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0032] FIG. 4 illustrates an example signaling process of elimination of activation signal interference in an AIoT network based on a reference signal (RS) pattern in accordance with some other example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0033] FIG. 5A illustrates an example diagram of signal transmission passing through channels between an activator device / an AIoT device and a reader device in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0034] FIG. 5B illustrates an example diagram of signal transmission passing through channels between an activator device / an AIoT device and antennas of a reader device in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0035] FIG. 6 illustrates an example diagram of continuous time domain resources of different activator devices for activating one AIoT device in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0036] FIG. 7 illustrates a flowchart of an example method implemented at a first device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0037] FIG. 8 illustrates a flowchart of an example method implemented at a second device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0038] FIG. 9 illustrates a flowchart of an example method implemented at a third device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0039] FIG. 10 illustrates a flowchart of an example method implemented at a fourth device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0040] FIG. 11 illustrates an example simplified block diagram of a device that is suitable for implementing embodiments of the present disclosure; and
[0041] FIG. 12 illustrates an example block diagram of an example computer readable medium in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0042] Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar element.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0043] Principles of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to some example embodiments. It is to be understood that these embodiments are described only for the purpose of illustration and help those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present disclosure, without suggesting any limitation as to the scope of the disclosure. The disclosure described herein may be implemented in various manners other than the ones described below.
[0044] In the following description and claims, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skills in the art to which the present disclosure belongs.
[0045] References in the present disclosure to “one embodiment, ” “an embodiment, ” “an example embodiment, ” and the like indicate that the embodiment described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but it is not necessary that every embodiment includes the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of one skilled in the art to affect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described.
[0046] It may be understood that although the terms “first” , “second” , “third” and “fourth” etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of example embodiments. As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed terms.
[0047] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments. As used herein, the singular forms “a” , “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises” , “comprising” , “has” , “having” , “includes” and / or “including” , when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, elements, and / or components etc., but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components and / or combinations thereof. As used herein, “at least one of the following: <a list of two or more elements>” and “at least one of <a list of two or more elements>” and similar wording, where the list of two or more elements are joined by “and” or “or” , mean at least any one of the elements, or at least any two or more of the elements, or at least all the elements.
[0048] As used in this application, the term “circuitry” may refer to one or more or all of the following:
[0049] (a) hardware-only circuit implementations (such as implementations in only analog and / or digital circuitry) and
[0050] (b) combinations of hardware circuits and software, such as (as applicable) :
[0051] (i) a combination of analog and / or digital hardware circuit (s) with software / firmware and
[0052] (ii) any portions of hardware processor (s) with software (including digital signal processor (s) ) , software, and memory (ies) that work together to cause an apparatus, such as a mobile phone or server, to perform various functions) and
[0053] (c) hardware circuit (s) and or processor (s) , such as a microprocessor (s) or a portion of a microprocessor (s) that requires software (e.g., firmware) for operation, but the software may not be present when it is not needed for operation.
[0054] This definition of circuitry applies to all uses of this term in this application, including in any claims. As a further example, as used in this application, the term circuitry also covers an implementation of merely a hardware circuit or processor (or multiple processors) or portion of a hardware circuit or processor and its (or their) accompanying software and / or firmware. The term circuitry also covers, for example and if applicable to the particular claim element, a baseband integrated circuit or processor integrated circuit for a mobile device or a similar integrated circuit in server, a cellular network device, or other computing or network device.
[0055] As used herein, the term “communication network” refers to a network following any suitable communication standards, such as new radio (NR) , long term evolution (LTE) , LTE-advanced (LTE-A) , wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) , high-speed packet access (HSPA) , narrow band Internet of things (NB-IoT) and so on. Furthermore, the communications between a terminal device and a network device in the communication network may be performed according to any suitable generation communication protocols, including, but not limited to, the third generation (3G) , the fourth generation (4G) , 4.5G, the fifth generation (5G) communication protocols, and / or beyond. Embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied in various communication systems. Given the rapid development in communications, there will of course also be future type communication technologies and systems with which the present disclosure may be embodied. It should not be seen as limiting the scope of the present disclosure to only the aforementioned system.
[0056] As used herein, the term “network device” refers to a node in a communication network via which a terminal device accesses the network and receives services therefrom. The network device may refer to a base station (BS) or an access point (AP) , for example, a node B (NodeB or NB) , an evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB) , a NR NB (also referred to as a gNB) , a remote radio unit (RRU) , a radio header (RH) , a remote radio head (RRH) , a relay, a low power node such as a femto, a pico, and so forth, depending on the applied terminology and technology.
[0057] The term “terminal device” refers to any end device that may be capable of wireless communication. By way of example rather than limitation, a terminal device may also be referred to as a communication device, user equipment (UE) , a subscriber station (SS) , a portable subscriber station, a mobile station (MS) , or an access terminal (AT) . The terminal device may include, but not limited to, a mobile phone, a cellular phone, a smart phone, voice over IP (VoIP) phones, wireless local loop phones, a tablet, a wearable terminal device, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , portable computers, desktop computer, image capture terminal devices such as digital cameras, gaming terminal devices, music storage and playback appliances, vehicle-mounted wireless terminal devices, wireless endpoints, mobile stations, laptop-embedded equipment (LEE) , laptop-mounted equipment (LME) , USB dongles, smart devices, wireless customer-premises equipment (CPE) , an Internet of things (loT) device, a watch or other wearable, a head-mounted display (HMD) , a vehicle, a drone, a medical device and applications (e.g., remote surgery) , an industrial device and applications (e.g., a robot and / or other wireless devices operating in an industrial and / or an automated processing chain contexts) , a consumer electronics device, a device operating on commercial, a relay node, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, and / or industrial wireless networks, and the like. In the following description, the terms “terminal device” , “communication device” , “terminal” , “user equipment” and “UE” may be used interchangeably.
[0058] As used herein, the term “resource” , “transmission resource” , “resource block” , “physical resource block” (PRB) , “uplink (UL) resource” or “downlink (DL) resource” may refer to any resource for performing a communication, for example, a communication between a terminal device and a network device, such as a resource in time domain, a resource in frequency domain, a resource in space domain, a resource in code domain, a resource in a combination of more than one domain or any other resource enabling a communication, and the like. In the following, a resource in time domain (such as, a subframe) will be used as an example of a transmission resource for describing some example embodiments of the present disclosure. It is noted that example embodiments of the present disclosure are equally applicable to other resources in other domains.
[0059] For AIoT network deployment, there may exist monostatic and bistatic scenarios. The monostatic scenario comprises at least two components, including an activator device and an AIoT device (e.g., a tag) . In the monostatic scenario, the activator device could transmit an activation signal to activate the AIoT device, the activator device can also act as a reader device and receive a modulated backscattered signal from the AIoT device. The bistatic scenario comprises at least three components, including an activator device, an AIoT device (e.g., a tag) and a reader device different from the activator device. In the bistatic scenario, the activator device could transmit an activation signal to activate the AIoT device, and the reader device can receive a modulated backscattered signal from the AIoT device.
[0060] In the AIoT network, the reader device (i.e., the receiver) may suffer activation signal interference from a direct link between the activator device and the reader device when detecting the backscattered signal from the AIoT device. The activation signal strength may be much larger than the backscattered signal strength received at the reader device and usually cause interference to the detection of the backscattered signal at the reader device. How to reduce the interference caused by the activation signal at the reader device needs to be studied.
[0061] Therefore, example embodiments of the present disclosure provide a solution for elimination of activation signal interference in a network, especially for elimination of activation signal interference in an ambient Internet-of-Things (AIoT) network based on a reference signal (RS) pattern. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a first device (e.g., a reader device) receives, from a second device (e.g., a network device) , first configuration information comprising at least a RS pattern, wherein the RS pattern indicates at least RS time positions in a first signal (e.g., an activation signal) from a third device (e.g., an activator device) , during which the first signal will not be backscattered by a fourth device (e.g., an AIoT device) . Then, in response to receiving one of the first signal or a combined signal, the first device extracts a second signal (e.g., a backscattered signal) from the combined signal based on the first configuration information, wherein the combined signal comprises a combination of the first signal and the second signal.
[0062] It is understood that the above procedure steps may work together, in a flow of operations as described below, partly together or independent of each other. By implementing the embodiments of the present disclosure, on the RS time positions indicated by the RS pattern in the activation signal, the activation signal will not be backscattered by the AIoT device, and the reader device can eliminate the activation signal interference on the signal received at the reader device based on the RS pattern, thereby efficiently reducing the interference caused by the activation signal to the backscattered signal and enabling the obtaining of useful data modulated on the backscattered signal.
[0063] For illustrative purposes, principles and example embodiments of the present disclosure of elimination of activation signal interference in a network will be described below with reference to FIG. 1A through FIG. 12. However, it is to be noted that these embodiments are given to enable the skilled person in the art to understand inventive concepts of the present disclosure and implement the solution as proposed herein, and not intended to limit scope of the present application in any way.
[0064] FIG. 1A illustrates an example of an application scenario 100A in which some example embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented. The application scenario 100A may be an AIoT network, which may be a part of a communication network, includes a network device 110-1, an AIoT device 120-1, and an assisting node 130-1.
[0065] As illustrated in FIG. 1A, the network device 110-1 may also be referred to as a base station (BS) or an access point (AP) , for example, a gNB 110-1. The AIoT device 120-1 may also be referred to as an AIoT tag 120-1 or a backscattering device 120-1. The assisting node 130-1 may be a network device, a relay, an IAB node, a terminal device or a repeater. The network device 110-1 may act as an activator device and the assisting node 130-1 may act as a reader device in the AIoT network. The network device 110-1 may transmit an activation signal 140-1 to the AIoT device 120-1 to activate the AIoT device 120-1 to transmit an AIoT signal 150-1. In response to the reception of the activation signal 140-1, the AIoT device 120-1 transmits the AIoT signal 150-1 to the assisting node 130-1. The AIoT signal 150-1 may also be referred to as a backscattered signal 150-1. The activation signal 140-1 may be a broadcast signal and may also be transmitted to the assisting node 130, thus causing interference to the AIoT signal 150-1.
[0066] FIG. 1B illustrates an example of an application scenario 100B in which some example embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented. The application scenario 100B may also be an AIoT network, which may be a part of a communication network, includes a terminal device 110-2, an AIoT device 120-2, and a terminal device 130-2. FIG. 1B merely differs from FIG. 1A in the device type of devices 110-2 and 130-2.
[0067] As illustrated in FIG. 1B, the terminal device 110-2 may also be referred to as a user equipment 110-2 or a UE 110-2. The AIoT device 120 may also be referred to as an AIoT tag 120-2 or a backscattering device 120-2. The terminal device 130-2 may also be referred to as a user equipment 130-2 or a UE 130-2. The terminal device 110-2 may act as an activator device and the terminal device 130-2 may act as a reader device in the AIoT network. The terminal device 110-2 may transmit an activation signal 140-2 to the AIoT device 120-2 to activate the AIoT device 120-2 to transmit an AIoT signal 150-2. In response to the reception of the activation signal 140-2, the AIoT device 120-2 transmits the AIoT signal 150-2 to the terminal device 130-2. The AIoT signal 150-2 may also be referred to as a backscattered signal 150-2. The activation signal 140-2 may be a broadcast signal and may also be transmitted to the terminal device 130-2, thus causing interference to the AIoT signal 150-2.
[0068] FIG. 2 illustrates an example of an application scenario 200 in which yet other example embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented. FIG. 2 may cover both the application scenarios in FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B. The application scenario 200 may also be an AIoT network, which may be a part of a communication network, includes an activator device 210 (e.g., a network device 110-1 or a terminal device 110-2) , at least one AIoT device 220, and a reader device 230 (e.g., an assisting node 130-1 or a terminal device 130-2) .
[0069] The activator device 210 can transmit an activation signal, due to the spatial propagation characteristics of wireless signals, the wave propagated to the AIoT device 220 is denoted as activation signal 240-1, which activates the AIoT device 220 to transmit or backscatter an AIoT signal 250. At the same time, the wave propagated to the reader device 230 is denoted as activation signal 240-2, which may be received by the reader device 230, thus causing interference to the AIoT signal 250. The transmission link between the activator device 210 and the reader device 230 may also be called as a direct link, and the transmission link between the AIoT device 220 and the reader device 230 may also be called as a backscattered link. In response to the reception of the activation signal 240-1, the AIoT device 220 transmits the AIoT signal 250 to the reader device 230. The AIoT signal 250 may also be referred to as a backscattered signal 250.
[0070] As can be seen, the reader device 230 may receive the activation signal 240-2 and the AIoT signal 250 at the same time. The activation signal 240-2 is usually much stronger than the AIoT signal 250, and will cause interference to the AIoT signal 250, rendering the AIoT signal 250 to be not well detected (e.g., detected with a low signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) ) at the reader device 220. Therefore, the present disclosure proposes a solution for eliminating or reducing the activation signal interference at the reader device side based on a RS pattern, which would be helpful for effectively reducing the interference caused by the activation signal to the backscattered signal and enabling the obtaining of useful data modulated on the backscattered signal.
[0071] FIG. 3 illustrates an example signaling process 300 of elimination of activation signal interference in an AIoT network based on a reference signal (RS) pattern in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. For ease of understanding, the process 300 will be described with reference to FIG. 2.
[0072] As shown in FIG. 3, the process 300 may involve a first device 302 (e.g., a reader device 302) , a second device 304 (e.g., a network device 304) , a third device 306 (e.g., an activator device 306) and a fourth device 308 (e.g., an AIoT device 308) . In some embodiments, the first device 302 may be a reader device associated with the fourth device 308, the third device 306 may be at least one activator device associated with the fourth device 308, and the fourth device 308 may be an AIoT device. The reader device may be a terminal device or a network device. The first device 302 could be the reader device 230 in FIG. 2, the second device 304 could be a network device serving the activator device 210 in FIG. 2, the third device 306 could be the activator device 210 in FIG. 2, and the fourth device 308 could be the AIoT device 220 in FIG. 2.
[0073] At 315, the first device 302 receives, from the second device 304, first configuration information comprising at least a reference signal (RS) pattern. At the same time, in a reverse direction, the second device 304 transmits, to the first device 302, first configuration information comprising at least a reference signal (RS) pattern. The RS pattern indicates at least RS time positions in a first signal (e.g., an activation signal) from the third device 306, during which the first signal will not be backscattered by the fourth device 308. In some example embodiments, the RS pattern may also indicate RS frequency positions in the first signal. At 340, in response to receiving one of the first signal (e.g., an activation signal) or a combined signal, the first device 302 extracts a second signal (e.g., an AIoT signal, also referred to as a backscattered signal) from the combined signal based on the first configuration information. The combined signal comprises a combination of the first signal and the second signal. The second signal may be a backscattered signal of the first signal. With the knowledge of the RS pattern, it could be known which parts of the first signal will not be backscattered and the RS pattern could be used for channel estimation and interference elimination, the first device 302 can estimate the channel response from the third device 306 to the first device 302 (i.e., the channel response of the direct link) and then eliminate the interference of the first signal to the second signal (i.e., the interference of the direct link to the backscattered link) , thereby enabling the obtaining of useful data modulated on the second signal.
[0074] In some example embodiments, the first device 302 may receive the first configuration information by receiving downlink control information (DCI) comprising the first configuration information. Alternatively or additionally, the first device 302 may receive the first configuration information by receiving downlink control information (DCI) comprising scheduling information for a data channel (e.g., physical downlink shared channel, PDSCH) transmission comprising the first configuration information. The DCI may be scrambled by a radio network temporary identifier (RNTI) of the first device 302. The second device 304 may scramble the DCI and transmit the DCI to the first device 302. In this way, the first device 302 could obtain the first configuration information from the second device 304, thereby obtaining the RS pattern.
[0075] In some example embodiments, the first device 302 may receive, from the second device 304, the RNTI of the first device 302 when the first device 302 has not been assigned a RNTI before. At the same time, in a reverse direction, the second device 304 may transmit, to the first device 302, the RNTI of the first device 302 when the first device 302 has not been assigned a RNTI before. For example, the first device 302 may not have its own quality of service (QoS) flow or data radio bearer (DRB) , which means the first device 302 has not been assigned a RNTI before, then the second device 304 will assign the RNTI to the first device 302 for scrambling the DCI carrying the first configuration information or scheduling the first configuration information. Alternatively or additionally, when the first device 302 already has been assigned a RNTI before, the first device 302 may use the previously assigned RNTI for descrambling the DCI carrying the first configuration information or scheduling the first configuration information.
[0076] In some example embodiments, the first device 302 may estimate at least one channel response from the third device 306 to at least two antennas of the first device 302 based on the RS pattern. Then, the first device 302 may extract the second signal from the combined signal based on the at least one channel response estimated. In this way, the present disclosure provides an antenna dimension interference mitigation method, by which the first device 302 could extract the second signal from the combined signal based on the first configuration information.
[0077] In some example embodiments, the at least two antennas may comprise a first antenna and a second antenna, and the first device 302 may extract the second signal from the combined signal based on the at least one channel response by the following equation (1) :
[0078] wherein r1 corresponds to the first antenna and r2 corresponds to the second antenna, represents a Hermitian transpose of represents the at least one channel response, y represents the combined signal received at the first device 302, n represents a noise vector, hbsb represents the second signal after going through the channel from the fourth device 308 to the at least one antenna of the first device 302, hb represents at least one channel coefficient of at least one channel from the fourth device 308 to the at least one antenna of the first device 302, and sb represents the second signal. In this way, the present disclosure provides a detailed method for extracting the second signal from the combined signal, so as to eliminate the interference of the first signal to the second signal.
[0079] In some example embodiments, the first device 302 may detect a data modulated on the second signal extracted from the combined signal. In this way, the first device 302 could obtain useful data modulated on the second signal. In some embodiments, at 345, the first device 302 may transmit, to the second device 304, the data detected from combined signal. At the same time, in a reverse direction, the second device 304 may receive, from the first device 302, the data detected from the second signal. Then, the second device 304 may decode the data received.
[0080] In some example embodiments, the first device 302 may receive, one of the first signal or the combined signal based on the first configuration information. In other words, the first device 302 may only receive the first signal when there is no second signal (e.g., when the first signal is not backscattered by the fourth device 308) , and the first device 302 may also receive a combined signal comprising both the first signal and the second signal (i.e., the backscattered signal of the first signal) .
[0081] In some example embodiments, the first configuration information may further comprise at least one occasion for the transmission of the second signal. Alternatively or additionally, the first configuration information may further comprise at least one duration for the transmission of the second signal. Alternatively or additionally, the first configuration information may further comprise at least one frequency location for the transmission of the second signal. Alternatively or additionally, the first configuration information may further comprise at least one spectrum bandwidth for the transmission of the second signal. As such, the time windows in the time domain as well as the frequency location and spectrum bandwidth in the frequency domain occupied by the second signal could be known.
[0082] In some example embodiments, the RS pattern is used to transmit at least one channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) . Alternatively or additionally, the RS pattern is used to transmit at least one demodulation reference signal (DMRS) . Alternatively or additionally, the RS pattern is used to transmit at least one positioning reference signal (PRS) . Alternatively oar additionally, the RS pattern is used to transmit at least one RS dedicated to the fourth device 308. In this way, the present disclosure provides a plurality types of RS and may use an aggregation of the plurality types of RS for eliminating the interference of the first signal to the second signal.
[0083] In some example embodiments, at least one RS following the RS pattern may occupy an entire channel bandwidth of the first signal. Alternatively or additionally, the at least one RS following the RS pattern may occupy a part of the entire channel bandwidth. As such, the first device 302 is able to detect the data modulated on the second signal by processing the entire channel bandwidth or a part of the entire channel bandwidth.
[0084] In some example embodiments, the first configuration information may comprise continuous time domain resources of the at least one activator device. This applies to the scenario in which the fourth device 308 may be activated by a plurality of activator devices the transmission signals of which are continuous in time. In some example embodiments, the transmission signals of the plurality of activator devices may hop in frequency and have similar beam directions.
[0085] Prior to 340, at 320, the second device 304 may transmit, to the third device 306, second configuration information comprising the RS pattern. At the same time, in a reverse direction, the third device 306 may receive, from the second device 304, the second configuration information comprising at least the RS pattern. Then, at 330a, the third device 306 may transmit, to the first device 302, the first signal which comprises at least one RS following the RS pattern. With the knowledge of the RS pattern, the third device 306 can insert at least one RS as indicated by the RS pattern so as to construct the first signal for elimination of the activation signal interference.
[0086] In some example embodiments, the third device 306 may receive the second configuration information by receiving downlink control information (DCI) comprising the second configuration information. Alternatively or additionally, the third device 306 may receive the second configuration information by receiving downlink control information (DCI) comprising scheduling information for a data channel (e.g., physical downlink shared channel, PDSCH) transmission comprising the second configuration information. The DCI may be scrambled by a radio network temporary identifier (RNTI) of the third device 306. The second device 304 may scramble the DCI and transmit the DCI to the third device 306. In this way, the third device 306 could obtain the second configuration information from the second device 304, thereby obtaining the RS pattern.
[0087] In some example embodiments, the second configuration information may further comprise at least one occasion for the transmission of the first signal. Alternatively or additionally, the second configuration information may further comprise at least one duration for the transmission of the first signal. Alternatively or additionally, the second configuration information may further comprise at least one frequency location for the transmission of the first signal. Alternatively or additionally, the second configuration information may further comprise at least one spectrum bandwidth for the transmission of the first signal. As such, the time windows in the time domain as well as the frequency location and the spectrum bandwidth in the frequency domain occupied by the first signal could be known.
[0088] At 325, the second device 304 may transmit, to the fourth device 308, a query indication comprising at least the RS pattern. At the same time, in a reverse direction, the fourth device 308 may receive, from the second device 304, the query indication comprising at least the RS pattern. Alternatively or additionally, the query indication comprising at least the RS pattern may be transmitted from the third device 306 before the first signal. With the knowledge of the RS pattern, the fourth device 308 can skip the RS time positions indicated by the RS pattern and does not modulate or reflect the RS signals on these RS time positions, so as to facilitate elimination of the activation signal interference.
[0089] In some example embodiments, at the same time of 330a, the first signal may also be received by the fourth device 308 at 330b. Then, at 335, the fourth device 308 may transmit, to the first device 302, the second signal based on reception of the first signal from the third device 306. The first signal comprises at least one RS following the RS pattern and the first signal is not backscattered by the fourth device 308 during the RS time positions indicated by the RS pattern.
[0090] In some example embodiments, the fourth device 308 may perform modulation to modulate data on the first signal to obtain the second signal. In some example embodiments, the modulation may comprise on-off keying (OOK) modulation. Alternatively or additionally, the modulation may comprise amplitude shift keying (ASK) modulation. In some example embodiments, the first signal received at the fourth device 308 may go though some processes and then be modulated with data.
[0091] By implementing the embodiments described with reference to FIG. 3, elimination of activation signal interference in an AIoT network based on a RS pattern is supported. With the embodiments as described above, the RS pattern could inform which parts of the first signal will not be backscattered and the RS pattern could be used for channel estimation and interference elimination, and the first device 302 (e.g., a reader device) is able to eliminate the interference of the first signal to the second signal (i.e., the interference of the direct link to the backscattered link) , thereby enabling the obtaining of useful data modulated on the second signal.
[0092] FIG. 4 illustrates an example signaling process 400 of elimination of activation signal interference in an AIoT network based on a reference signal (RS) pattern in accordance with some other example embodiments of the present disclosure. For ease of understanding, the process 400 will be described with reference to FIGS 2 and 3.
[0093] As shown in FIG. 4, the process 400 may involve UE1 402 (i.e., the reader device 402) , a gNB 404, UE2 406 (i.e., the activator device 406) and an AIoT device 408. UE1 402 could be the reader device 230 in FIG. 2 or the first device 302 in FIG. 3, gNB could be a network device serving the activator device 210 in FIG. 2 or the second device 304, UE2 406 could be the activator device 210 in FIG. 2 or the third device 306 in FIG. 3, and the AIoT device 408 could be the AIoT device 220 in FIG. 2 or the fourth device 308 in FIG. 3.
[0094] At 405, the gNB 404 determines occurrence of a need of a data report of the AIoT device 408. In other words, the gNB 404 determines there is a need of a data report of the AIoT device 408. The occurrence of a need of a data report of the AIoT device 408 may be a need of network initiated device-terminated (DT) traffic transmission, or a network initiated device-originated –device-terminated triggered (Do-DTT) traffic transmission. Then, at 405, the gNB 404 may also determine a transmission of UE2 406 is to be used for activating the AIoT device 408. In other words, the gNB 404 may schedule transmissions of a plurality of activator devices including UE2 406 and select a transmission of UE2 406 from the transmissions of the plurality of activator devices for activating the AIoT device 408. The signal of the transmission of UE2 406 is to be used as the activation signal for activating the AIoT device 408 to transmit the backscattered signal.
[0095] At 410, the gNB 404 determines UE1 402 as the reader device for the backscattered transmission. In some embodiments, the gNB 404 may determine a plurality of reader UEs including UE1 402 as the reader devices for the backscattered transmission. The gNB 404 may know association relationships between the plurality of reader UEs and the AIoT device 408. The association relationships imply that the plurality of reader UEs are able to aware of the AIoT device 408 in their surroundings.
[0096] At 415, the gNB 404 transmits, to UE1 402, first configuration information for extraction of the backscattered signal. The first configuration information may comprise at least a reference signal (RS) pattern, which indicates at least RS time positions in an activation signal from UE2 406, during which the activation signal will not be backscattered by the AIoT device 408. In other words, the RS pattern informs which parts of the activation signal will not be backscattered and the RS pattern could be used for channel estimation and interference elimination. In some example embodiments, the RS pattern may also indicate RS frequency positions in the first signal. The first configuration information may further comprise at least one of the following for the transmission of the backscattered signal: at least one occasion; at least one duration; at least one frequency location; or at least one spectrum bandwidth.
[0097] In some example embodiments, gNB 404 may transmit, to UE1 402, a RNTI of UE1 402 when UE1 402 does not have its own quality of service (QoS) flow or data radio bearer (DRB) , which means UE1 402 has not been assigned a RNTI before. This is necessary when UE1 402 has not been assigned a RNTI before since UE1 402 cannot decode the first configuration information when it does not know the RNTI for scrambling the first configuration information.
[0098] At 420, the gNB 404 may transmit, to UE2 406, second configuration information for UL transmission and activation. The second configuration information may comprise at least the RS pattern. The first configuration information may further comprise at least one of the following for the transmission of the activation signal: at least one physical resource block (PRB) ; at least one transmission block size (TBS) ; at least one modulation and coding scheme (MCS) index values; at least one hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) ; or at least one transmission power control (TPC) field values. The at least one PRB may comprise at least one of the following: at least one occasion; at least one duration; at least one frequency location; or at least one spectrum bandwidth. The second configuration information may be scrambled by a RNTI of UE2 406.
[0099] At 425, the gNB 404 may transmit, to the AIoT device 408, a query indication comprising at least the RS pattern. The AIoT device 408 should skip the RS time positions indicated by the RS pattern and does not modulate or reflect the RS signals on these RS time positions. Alternatively or additionally, the query indication comprising at least the RS pattern may be transmitted from the UE2 406 before the activation signal. The query indication may further comprise at least one of the following: at least one tag identification (ID) ; at least one command, or at least one duration. The at least one tag IDs may indicate the query indication is targeted for which tag. The at least one command may request the AIoT device 408 to return which kind of information. The at least one duration may indicate the duration of the query indication.
[0100] At 430a, the UE2 406 may transmit, to UE1 402, an uplink signal comprising at least one specific RS following the RS pattern for uplink data transmission. At the same time of 430a, the uplink signal may also be received by the AIoT device 408 at 430b as an activation signal for activation of the AIoT device 408. The at least one specific RS are inserted as indicated by the RS pattern in the uplink signal.
[0101] At 435, the AIoT device 408 backscatters the uplink activation signal by modulate data on it using OOK modulation or ASK modulation. The AIoT device 408 skips the RS time positions indicated by the RS pattern and does not modulate or reflect the RS signals on these RS time positions.
[0102] At 440, in response to receiving the UL activation signal along with the backscattered signal, UE1 402 extracts the backscattered signal from a combined signal comprises a combination of the UL activation signal and the backscattered signal. UE1 402 may eliminate or reduce the interference caused by the activation signal to the backscattered signal using an antenna dimension interference mitigation method as described with reference to FIGS 5A and 5B as below. UE1 402 may also detect data modulated on the backscattered signal. At 445, UE1 402 may transmit, to gNB 404, the data detected from the backscattered signal.
[0103] Next, the example antenna dimension interference mitigation method used for eliminating or reducing the interference caused by the activation signal to the backscattered signal will be described with reference to FIGS 5A and 5B as below.
[0104] FIG. 5A illustrates an example diagram 500A of signal transmission passing through channels between an activator device 510 / an AIoT device 520 and a reader device 530 in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 5A is the same as FIG. 1B. The terminal device 510 may act as an activator device and may also be called as the terminal device 110-2 in FIG. 1B, the AIoT device 520 may also be called as the AIoT device 120, and the terminal device 530 may act as a reader device and may also be called as the terminal device 130-2 in FIG. 1B.
[0105] In FIG. 5A, ha represents at least one channel coefficient of at least one channel from the activator device 510 to the reader device 530, sa represents the activation signal, and hasa represents the activation signal after going through the channel from the activator device 510 to the reader device 530. hb represents at least one channel coefficient of at least one channel from the AIoT device 520 to the reader device 530, sb represents the backscattered signal, and hbsb represents the backscattered signal after going through the channel from the AIoT device 520 to the reader device 530.
[0106] FIG. 5B illustrates an example diagram 500B of signal transmission passing through channels between an activator device 510 / an AIoT device 520 and antennas of a reader device 530 in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. The reader device 530 may have at least two antennas, including a first antenna 530-1 and a second antenna 530-2 as shown in FIG. 5B.
[0107] In FIG. 5B, represents the channel coefficient of the channel from the activator device 510 to the first antenna 530-1 of the reader device 530, and represents the channel coefficient of the channel from the activator device 510 to the second antenna 530-2 of the reader device 530. represents the channel coefficient of the channel from the AIoT device 520 to the first antenna 530-1 of the reader device 530, and represents the channel coefficient of the channel from the AIoT device 520 to the second antenna 530-2 of the reader device 530.
[0108] The reader device 530 may receive a combined signal which can be written as equation (2) for Nr=2, Nr represents the antenna number of the at least two antennas.
[0109] wherein n represents a noise vector. Without losing generality, here the parameter t in y (t) could be omitted.
[0110] Equation (2) can also be written as: y=hbsb+Hasa+n (3) wherein sa= [sa sa] T , and (·) T denotes the transpose. Considering the at least one RS in the activation signal following the RS pattern is not modulated or reflected by the AIoT device 520, the reader device 530 could estimate the channel response of the direct link from the activator device 510 to reader device 530 based on the RS pattern, which is denote as
[0111] A generalized inverse of can be generated using equation (4) .
[0112] wherein (·) H represents the Hermitian transpose.
[0113] Assuming equation (5) could be obtained:
[0114] If the channel estimation is accurate, would be and equation (5) could also be written as equation (6) :
[0115] Then, let the signal r pass through a subtractor as shown in equation (7) :
[0116] As such, using equations (2) through (7) , by only estimating the channel response of the direct link from the activator device 510 to reader device 530 based on the RS pattern, the interference of the activation signal to the backscattered signal can be eliminated, and the backscattered signal hbsb after going through the channel from the AIoT device 520 to the reader device 530 could be obtained.
[0117] In some example embodiments, the at least one RS following the RS pattern may occupy an entire channel bandwidth of the activation signal. Therefore, the reader device 530 may process the entire channel bandwidth when estimating the channel response of the direct link from the activator device 510 to reader device 530. In this circumstance, the at least one RS following the RS pattern should span the entire channel bandwidth. At least one CSI-RS may be used as the at least one RS following the RS pattern for elimination of the activation signal interference. If the at least one CSI-RS is not dense enough, at least one new RS dedicated to the AIoT device 520 could be used.
[0118] Alternatively, the at least one RS following the RS pattern may occupy a part of the entire channel bandwidth of the activation signal. Therefore, the reader device 530 may process a part of the entire channel bandwidth when estimating the channel response of the direct link from the activator device 510 to reader device 530. In this circumstance, it requires to indicate an aggregation of at least one RS for which part of the entire channel bandwidth that will be processed. The at least one RS may comprise at least one CSI-RS as well as other RSs (e.g., DMRS, PRS, etc. ) that are already carried in the activation signal within that part of the entire channel bandwidth. In other words, the aggregation of the at least one RS in the activation signal are used for activating the AIoT device 520.
[0119] In some embodiments, the AIoT device 520 may be activated by uplink signals of multiple activator UEs that are continuous in time. FIG. 6 illustrates an example diagram 600 of continuous time domain resources of different activator devices for activating one AIoT device in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 6 involves three activator devices comprising UE A, UE B and UE C and one AIoT device. As shown in FIG. 6, the AIoT device 520 may be activated by multiple uplink signals of UE A, UE B and UE C that are continuous in time, hop in frequency and have similar beam directions. In this circumstance, the first configuration information may comprise information of continuous time resources of the multiple uplink signals of UE A, UE B and UE C for activating the one AIoT device 520.
[0120] By implementing the embodiments described with reference to FIG. 4 to FIG. 6, elimination or reduction of activation signal interference in an AIoT network based on a RS pattern is supported. With the embodiments as described above, the RS pattern could inform which parts of the activation signal will not be backscattered and the RS pattern could be used for channel estimation and interference elimination, and UE1 402 (i.e., a reader device) is able to eliminate or reduce the interference of the activation signal to the backscattered signal, thereby enabling obtaining of useful data modulated on the backscattered signal.
[0121] FIG. 7 illustrates a flowchart of an example method 700 implemented at a first device (for example, a first device 302 or a reader device 402) in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For ease of understanding, the method 700 will be described from the perspective of the first device 302 with reference to FIG. 3.
[0122] At block 710, the first device 302 may receive, from a second device 304, first configuration information comprising at least a reference signal (RS) pattern, wherein the RS pattern indicates at least RS time positions in a first signal from a third device 306, during which the first signal will not be backscattered by a fourth device 308. At block 720, in response to receiving one of the first signal or a combined signal, the first device 302 may extract a second signal from the combined signal based on the first configuration information, wherein the combined signal comprises a combination of the first signal and the second signal.
[0123] In some example embodiments, the first device 302 is caused to receive the first configuration information by: receiving downlink control information (DCI) comprising one of the following, wherein the DCI is scrambled by a radio network temporary identifier (RNTI) of the first device 302: the first configuration information; or scheduling information for a data channel transmission comprising the first configuration information.
[0124] In some example embodiments, the first device 302 is further caused to: receive, from the second device 304, the RNTI of the first device 302 when the first device 302 has not been assigned a RNTI before.
[0125] In some example embodiments, the first device 302 is caused to extract the second signal from the combined signal based on the first configuration information by: estimating at least one channel response from the third device 306 to at least two antennas of the first device 302 based on the RS pattern; and extracting the second signal from the combined signal based on the at least one channel response estimated.
[0126] In some example embodiments, the first device 302 is further caused to: detect a data modulated on the second signal extracted from the combined signal.
[0127] In some example embodiments, the first device 302 is further caused to: transmit, to the second device 304, the data detected.
[0128] In some example embodiments, the first device 302 is further caused to: receive, one of the first signal or the combined signal based on the first configuration information.
[0129] In some example embodiments, the first configuration information further comprises at least one of the following for the transmission of the second signal: at least one occasion; at least one duration; at least one frequency location; or at least one spectrum bandwidth.
[0130] In some example embodiments, the RS pattern is used to transmit at least one of the following: at least one channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) ; at least one demodulation reference signal (DMRS) ; at least one positioning reference signal (PRS) ; or at least one RS dedicated to the fourth device 308.
[0131] In some example embodiments, at least one RS following the RS pattern occupies an entire channel bandwidth of the first signal or a part of the entire channel bandwidth.
[0132] In some example embodiments, at least one of the following is satisfied: the first device 302 is a reader device associated with an ambient Internet-of-Things (AIoT) device; the second device 304 is a network device; the third device 306 is at least one activator device associated with the AIoT device; or the fourth device 308 is the AIoT device.
[0133] In some example embodiments, the first configuration information comprises continuous time domain resources of the at least one activator device.
[0134] In some example embodiments, the reader device is one of the following: a terminal device; or a network device.
[0135] In some example embodiments, the second signal is a backscattered signal of the first signal.
[0136] FIG. 8 illustrates a flowchart of an example method 800 implemented at a second device (for example, a second device 304 or a gNB 404) in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For ease of understanding, the method 800 will be described from the perspective of the second device 304 with reference to FIG. 3.
[0137] At block 810, the second device 304 may transmit, to a first device 302, first configuration information comprising at least a reference signal (RS) pattern, wherein the RS pattern indicates at least RS time positions in a first signal from a third device 306, during which the first signal will not be backscattered by a fourth device 308.
[0138] In some example embodiments, the second device 304 is caused to transmit the first configuration information by: scrambling downlink control information (DCI) comprising one of the following by a radio network temporary identifier (RNTI) of the first device 302: the first configuration information; or scheduling information for a data channel transmission comprising the first configuration information; and transmitting the DCI to the first device 302.
[0139] In some example embodiments, the second device 304 is further caused to: transmit, to the first device 302, the RNTI of the first device 302 when the first device 302 has not been assigned a RNTI before.
[0140] In some example embodiments, the second device 304 is further caused to: receive, from the first device 302, data detected from a second signal, wherein the second signal is extracted from a combined signal based on the first configuration information, wherein the combined signal comprises a combination of the first signal and the second signal.
[0141] In some example embodiments, the second device 304 is further caused to: transmit, to the third device 306, second configuration information comprising at least the RS pattern.
[0142] In some example embodiments, the second configuration information further comprises at least one of the following for the transmission of the first signal: at least one occasion; at least one duration; at least one frequency location; or at least one spectrum bandwidth.
[0143] In some example embodiments, the second device 304 is further caused to: transmit, to the fourth device 308, a query indication comprising the RS pattern.
[0144] FIG. 9 illustrates a flowchart of an example method 900 implemented at a third device (e.g., a third device 306) in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For ease of understanding, the method 900 will be described from the perspective of the third device 306 with reference to FIG. 3.
[0145] At block 910, the third device 306 may receive, from a second device 304, second configuration information comprising at least a reference signal (RS) pattern, wherein the RS pattern indicates at least RS time positions in a first signal from the third device 306, during which the first signal will not be backscattered by a fourth device 308. At block 920, the third device 306 may transmit, to the first device 302, the first signal which comprises at least one RS following the RS pattern.
[0146] In some example embodiments, the third device 306 is caused to receive the second configuration information by: receiving downlink control information (DCI) comprising one of the following, wherein the DCI is scrambled by a radio network temporary identifier (RNTI) of the third device 306: the second configuration information; or scheduling information for a data channel transmission comprising the second configuration information.
[0147] FIG. 10 illustrates a flowchart of an example method 1000 implemented at a fourth device (for example, the fourth device 308 or the AIoT device 408) in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For ease of understanding, the method 1000 will be described from the perspective of the fourth device 308 with reference to FIG. 3.
[0148] At block 1000, the fourth device 308 receives, from a second device 304, a query indication comprising at least a reference signal (RS) pattern, wherein the RS pattern indicates at least RS time positions in a first signal from a third device 306. At block 1100, the fourth device 308 transmits, to a first device 302, a second signal based on reception of the first signal from the third device 306, wherein the first signal comprises at least one RS following the RS pattern and the first signal is not backscattered by the fourth device 308 during the RS time positions indicated by the RS pattern.
[0149] In some example embodiments, the fourth device 308 is further caused to: perform modulation to modulate data on the first signal to obtain the second signal.
[0150] In some example embodiments, the modulation comprises at least one of the following: on-off keying (OOK) modulation; or amplitude shift keying (ASK) modulation.
[0151] In some example embodiments, an apparatus capable of performing the method 700 (for example, the first device 302) may comprise means for performing the respective steps of the method 700. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0152] In some example embodiments, the apparatus comprises: means for receiving, from a second device 304, first configuration information comprising at least a reference signal (RS) pattern, wherein the RS pattern indicates at least RS time positions in a first signal from a third device 306, during which the first signal will not be backscattered by a fourth device 308; and means for in response to receiving one of the first signal or a combined signal, extracting a second signal from the combined signal based on the first configuration information, wherein the combined signal comprises a combination of the first signal and the second signal.
[0153] In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises means for performing other steps in some embodiments of the method 700. In some embodiments, the means comprises at least one processor and at least one memory including computer program code, the at least one memory and computer program code configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the performance of the apparatus.
[0154] In some example embodiments, an apparatus capable of performing the method 800 (for example, the second device 304) may comprise means for performing the respective steps of the method 800. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0155] In some example embodiments, the apparatus comprises: means for transmitting, to a first device 302, first configuration information comprising at least a reference signal (RS) pattern, wherein the RS pattern indicates at least RS time positions in a first signal from a third device 306, during which the first signal will not be backscattered by a fourth device 308.
[0156] In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises means for performing other steps in some embodiments of the method 800. In some embodiments, the means comprises at least one processor and at least one memory including computer program code, the at least one memory and computer program code configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the performance of the apparatus.
[0157] In some example embodiments, an apparatus capable of performing the method 900 (for example, the third device 306) may comprise means for performing the respective steps of the method 900. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0158] In some example embodiments, the apparatus comprises: means for receiving, from a second device 304, second configuration information comprising at least a reference signal (RS) pattern, wherein the RS pattern indicates at least RS time positions in a first signal from a third device 306, during which the first signal will not be backscattered by a fourth device 308; and means for transmitting, to a first device 302, the first signal which comprises at least one RS following the RS pattern.
[0159] In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises means for performing other steps in some embodiments of the method 900. In some embodiments, the means comprises at least one processor and at least one memory including computer program code, the at least one memory and computer program code configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the performance of the apparatus.
[0160] In some example embodiments, an apparatus capable of performing the method 1000 (for example, the fourth device 308) may comprise means for performing the respective steps of the method 1000. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0161] In some example embodiments, the apparatus comprises: means for receiving, from a second device 304, a query indication comprising at least a reference signal (RS) pattern, wherein the RS pattern indicates at least RS time positions in a first signal from a third device 306; and means for transmitting, to a first device 302, a second signal based on reception of the first signal from the third device 306, wherein the first signal comprises at least one RS following the RS pattern and the first signal is not backscattered by a fourth device 308 during the RS time positions indicated by the RS pattern.
[0162] In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises means for performing other steps in some embodiments of the method 1000. In some embodiments, the means comprises at least one processor and at least one memory including computer program code, the at least one memory and computer program code configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the performance of the apparatus.
[0163] FIG. 11 illustrates an example simplified block diagram of a device 1100 that is suitable for implementing embodiments of the present disclosure. The device 1100 may be provided to implement a communication device or a network element, for example, the first device 302, the second device 304, the third device 306 or the fourth device 308 as shown in FIG. 3. As shown, the device 1100 includes one or more processors 1110, one or more memories 1120 may couple to the processor 1110, and one or more communication modules 1140 may couple to the processor 1110.
[0164] The communication module 1140 is for bidirectional communications. The communication module 1140 has at least one antenna to facilitate communication. The communication interface may represent any interface that is necessary for communication with other network elements, for example the communication interface may be wireless or wireline to other network elements, or software based interface for communication.
[0165] The processor 1110 may be of any type suitable to the local technical network and may include one or more of the following: general purpose computers, special purpose computers, microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs) and processors based on multicore processor architecture, as non-limiting examples. The device 1100 may have multiple processors, such as an application specific integrated circuit chip that is slaved in time to a clock which synchronizes the main processor.
[0166] The memory 1120 may include one or more non-volatile memories and one or more volatile memories. Examples of the non-volatile memories include, but are not limited to, a read only memory (ROM) 1124, an electrically programmable read only memory (EPROM) , a flash memory, a hard disk, a compact disc (CD) , a digital video disk (DVD) , and other magnetic storage and / or optical storage. Examples of the volatile memories include, but are not limited to, a random access memory (RAM) 1122 and other volatile memories that will not last in the power-down duration.
[0167] A computer program 1130 includes computer executable instructions that are executed by the associated processor 1110. The program 1130 may be stored in the ROM 1124. The processor 1110 may perform any suitable actions and processing by loading the program 1130 into the RAM 1122.
[0168] The embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented by means of the program so that the device 1100 may perform any process of the disclosure as discussed with reference to FIG. 3. The embodiments of the present disclosure may also be implemented by hardware or by a combination of software and hardware.
[0169] In some example embodiments, the program 1130 may be tangibly contained in a computer readable medium which may be included in the device 1100 (such as in the memory 1120) or other storage devices that are accessible by the device 1100. The device 1100 may load the program 1130 from the computer readable medium to the RAM 1122 for execution. The computer readable medium may include any types of tangible non-volatile storage, such as ROM, EPROM, a flash memory, a hard disk, CD, DVD, and the like. FIG. 12 shows an example of the computer readable medium 1200 in form of CD or DVD. The computer readable medium has the program 1130 stored thereon.
[0170] Generally, various embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented in hardware or special purpose circuits, software, logic or any combination thereof. Some aspects may be implemented in hardware, while other aspects may be implemented in firmware or software which may be executed by a controller, microprocessor or other computing device. While various aspects of embodiments of the present disclosure are illustrated and described as block diagrams, flowcharts, or using some other pictorial representations, it is to be understood that the block, apparatus, system, technique or method described herein may be implemented in, as non-limiting examples, hardware, software, firmware, special purpose circuits or logic, general purpose hardware or controller or other computing devices, or some combination thereof.
[0171] The present disclosure also provides at least one computer program product tangibly stored on a non-transitory computer readable storage medium. The computer program product includes computer-executable instructions, such as those included in program modules, being executed in a device on a target real or virtual processor, to carry out the methods 700, 800, 900 or 1000 as described above with reference to FIG. 7, FIG. 8, FIG. 9 or FIG. 10. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, libraries, objects, classes, components, data structures, or the like that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. The functionality of the program modules may be combined or split between program modules as desired in various embodiments. Machine-executable instructions for program modules may be executed within a local or distributed device. In a distributed device, program modules may be located in both local and remote storage media.
[0172] Program code for carrying out methods of the present disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These program codes may be provided to a processor or controller of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus, such that the program codes, when executed by the processor or controller, cause the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams to be implemented. The program code may execute entirely on a machine, partly on the machine, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the machine and partly on a remote machine or entirely on the remote machine or server.
[0173] In the context of the present disclosure, the computer program codes or related data may be carried by any suitable carrier to enable the device, apparatus or processor to perform various processes and operations as described above. Examples of the carrier include a signal, computer readable medium, and the like.
[0174] The computer readable medium may be a computer readable signal medium or a computer readable storage medium. A computer readable medium may include but not limited to an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of the computer readable storage medium would include an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM) , a read-only memory (ROM) , an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory) , an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) , an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. The term “non-transitory, ” as used herein, is a limitation of the medium itself (i.e., tangible, not a signal) as opposed to a limitation on data storage persistency (e.g., RAM vs. ROM) .
[0175] Further, while operations are depicted in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirable results. In certain circumstances, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Likewise, while several specific implementation details are contained in the above discussions, these should not be construed as limitations on the scope of the present disclosure, but rather as descriptions of features that may be specific to particular embodiments. Certain features that are described in the context of separate embodiments may also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features that are described in the context of a single embodiment may also be implemented in multiple embodiments separately or in any suitable sub-combination.
[0176] Although the present disclosure has been described in languages specific to structural features and / or methodological acts, it is to be understood that the present disclosure defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described above. Rather, the specific features and acts described above are disclosed as example forms of implementing the claims.
Claims
1.A first device comprising:at least one processor; andat least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the first device at least to:receive, from a second device, first configuration information comprising at least a reference signal (RS) pattern, wherein the RS pattern indicates at least RS time positions in a first signal from a third device, during which the first signal will not be backscattered by a fourth device; andin response to receiving one of the first signal or a combined signal, extract a second signal from the combined signal based on the first configuration information, wherein the combined signal comprises a combination of the first signal and the second signal.2.The first device of claim 1, wherein the first device is caused to receive the first configuration information by:receiving downlink control information (DCI) comprising one of the following, wherein the DCI is scrambled by a radio network temporary identifier (RNTI) of the first device:the first configuration information; orscheduling information for a data channel transmission comprising the first configuration information.3.The first device of claim 2, wherein the first device is further caused to:receive, from the second device, the RNTI of the first device when the first device has not been assigned a RNTI before.4.The first device of any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first device is caused to extract the second signal from the combined signal based on the first configuration information by:estimating at least one channel response from the third device to at least two antennas of the first device based on the RS pattern; andextracting the second signal from the combined signal based on the at least one channel response estimated.5.The first device of any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first device is further caused to:detect a data modulated on the second signal extracted from the combined signal.6.The first device of claim5, wherein the first device is further caused to:transmit, to the second device, the data detected.7.The first device of any of claims 1 to 6, wherein the first device is further caused to:receive, one of the first signal or the combined signal based on the first configuration information.8.The first device of any of claims 1 to 7, wherein the first configuration information further comprises at least one of the following for the transmission of the second signal:at least one occasion;at least one duration;at least one frequency location; orat least one spectrum bandwidth.9.The first device of any of claims 1 to 8, wherein the RS pattern is used to transmit at least one of the following:at least one channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) ;at least one demodulation reference signal (DMRS) ;at least one positioning reference signal (PRS) ; orat least one RS dedicated to the fourth device.10.The first device of any of claims 1 to 9, wherein at least one RS following the RS pattern occupies an entire channel bandwidth of the first signal or a part of the entire channel bandwidth.11.The first device of any of claims 1 to 10, wherein at least one of the following is satisfied:the first device is a reader device associated with an ambient Internet-of-Things (AIoT) device;the second device is a network device;the third device is at least one activator device associated with the AIoT device; orthe fourth device is the AIoT device.12.The first device of claim 11, wherein the first configuration information comprises continuous time domain resources of the at least one activator device.13.The first device of claim 11 or 12, wherein the reader device is one of the following:a terminal device; ora network device.14.The first device of any of claims 1 or 13, wherein the second signal is a backscattered signal of the first signal.15.A second device comprising:at least one processor; andat least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the second device at least to:transmit, to a first device, first configuration information comprising at least a reference signal (RS) pattern, wherein the RS pattern indicates at least RS time positions in a first signal from a third device, during which the first signal will not be backscattered by a fourth device.16.The second device of claim 15, wherein the second device is caused to transmit the first configuration information by:scrambling downlink control information (DCI) comprising one of the following by a radio network temporary identifier (RNTI) of the first device: the first configuration information; or scheduling information for a data channel transmission comprising the first configuration information; andtransmitting the DCI to the first device.17.The second device of claim 16, wherein the second device is further caused to:transmit, to the first device, the RNTI of the first device when the first device has not been assigned a RNTI before.18.The second device of any of claims 15 to 17, wherein the second device is further caused to:receive, from the first device, data detected from a second signal, wherein the second signal is extracted from a combined signal based on the first configuration information, wherein the combined signal comprises a combination of the first signal and the second signal.19.The second device of any of claims 15 to 18, wherein the second device is further caused to:transmit, to the third device, second configuration information comprising at least the RS pattern.20.The second device of claim 19, wherein the second configuration information further comprises at least one of the following for the transmission of the first signal:at least one occasion;at least one duration;at least one frequency location; orat least one spectrum bandwidth.21.The second device of any of claims 15 to 20, wherein the second device is further caused to:transmit, to the fourth device, a query indication comprising the RS pattern.22.A third device comprising:at least one processor; andat least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the third device at least to:receive, from a second device, second configuration information comprising at least a reference signal (RS) pattern, wherein the RS pattern indicates at least RS time positions in a first signal from the third device, during which the first signal will not be backscattered by a fourth device; andtransmit, to the first device, the first signal which comprises at least one RS following the RS pattern.23.The third device of claim 22, wherein the third device is caused to receive the second configuration information by:receiving downlink control information (DCI) comprising one of the following, wherein the DCI is scrambled by a radio network temporary identifier (RNTI) of the third device:the second configuration information; orscheduling information for a data channel transmission comprising the second configuration information.24.A fourth device comprising:at least one processor; andat least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the fourth device at least to:receive, from a second device, a query indication comprising at least a reference signal (RS) pattern, wherein the RS pattern indicates at least RS time positions in a first signal from a third device; andtransmit, to a first device, a second signal based on reception of the first signal from the third device, wherein the first signal comprises at least one RS following the RS pattern and the first signal is not backscattered by the fourth device during the RS time positions indicated by the RS pattern.25.The fourth device of claim 24, wherein the fourth device is further caused to:perform modulation to modulate data on the first signal to obtain the second signal.26.The fourth device of claim 25, wherein the modulation comprises at least one of the following:on-off keying (OOK) modulation; oramplitude shift keying (ASK) modulation.27.A method comprising:receiving, from a second device, first configuration information comprising at least a reference signal (RS) pattern, wherein the RS pattern indicates at least RS time positions in a first signal from a third device, during which the first signal will not be backscattered by a fourth device; andin response to receiving one of the first signal or a combined signal, extracting a second signal from the combined signal based on the first configuration information, wherein the combined signal comprises a combination of the first signal and the second signal.28.A method comprising:transmitting, to a first device, first configuration information comprising at least a reference signal (RS) pattern, wherein the RS pattern indicates at least RS time positions in a first signal from a third device, during which the first signal will not be backscattered by a fourth device.29.A method comprising:receiving, from a second device, second configuration information comprising at least a reference signal (RS) pattern, wherein the RS pattern indicates at least RS time positions in a first signal from a third device, during which the first signal will not be backscattered by a fourth device; andtransmitting, to a first device, the first signal which comprises at least one RS following the RS pattern.30.A method comprising:receiving, from a second device, a query indication comprising at least a reference signal (RS) pattern, wherein the RS pattern indicates at least RS time positions in a first signal from a third device; andtransmitting, to a first device, a second signal based on reception of the first signal from the third device, wherein the first signal comprises at least one RS following the RS pattern and the first signal is not backscattered by a fourth device during the RS time positions indicated by the RS pattern.31.An apparatus comprising:means for receiving, from a second device, first configuration information comprising at least a reference signal (RS) pattern, wherein the RS pattern indicates at least RS time positions in a first signal from a third device, during which the first signal will not be backscattered by a fourth device; andmeans for in response to receiving one of the first signal or a combined signal, extracting a second signal from the combined signal based on the first configuration information, wherein the combined signal comprises a combination of the first signal and the second signal.32.An apparatus comprising:means for transmitting, to a first device, first configuration information comprising at least a reference signal (RS) pattern, wherein the RS pattern indicates at least RS time positions in a first signal from a third device, during which the first signal will not be backscattered by a fourth device.33.An apparatus comprising:means for receiving, from a second device, second configuration information comprising at least a reference signal (RS) pattern, wherein the RS pattern indicates at least RS time positions in a first signal from a third device, during which the first signal will not be backscattered by a fourth device; andmeans for transmitting, to a first device, the first signal which comprises at least one RS following the RS pattern.34.An apparatus comprising:means for receiving, from a second device, a query indication comprising at least a reference signal (RS) pattern, wherein the RS pattern indicates at least RS time positions in a first signal from a third device; andmeans for transmitting, to a first device, a second signal based on reception of the first signal from the third device, wherein the first signal comprises at least one RS following the RS pattern and the first signal is not backscattered by a fourth device during the RS time positions indicated by the RS pattern.35.A non-transitory computer readable medium comprising program instructions stored thereon for performing the method of any of claims 27 to 30.
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