Linear electric motor, electromagnetic suspension and vehicle

Abstract

A linear electric motor, an electromagnetic suspension and a vehicle. The linear electric motor (100) comprises a guide pillar (7), a central pillar (1) and a bearing (6), wherein the guide pillar (7) extends in a first direction; the central pillar (1) is sleeved over the outer periphery of the guide pillar (7), the bearing (6) is arranged between the guide pillar (7) and the central pillar (1), and the central pillar (1) slides in the first direction relative to the guide pillar (7) by means of the bearing (6); and the linear electric motor (100) satisfies a relational expression: H2 = H4-n (H1 + H3), 0 ≤ n ≤ 1.3, where H1 is a positive motion stroke of the guide pillar (7) in the first direction, H2 is the length of the bearing (6), H3 is a negative motion stroke of the guide pillar (7) in the first direction, and H4 is the length of the guide pillar (7).

Description

Linear motor, electromagnetic suspension, vehicle

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on March 11, 2024, with application number 202410272219.0 and invention name “Linear Motor and Electromagnetic Suspension”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of automotive technology, and in particular to a linear motor, an electromagnetic suspension, and a vehicle. Background Art

[0003] Suspension is the general term for the force transmission structure between the car's frame and axle (or wheel). Its function is to transmit force and torque between the wheel and the frame, and to cushion the impact force transmitted to the frame or body by uneven road surface, and reduce the vibration caused thereby, so as to ensure that the car can run smoothly. Technical issues

[0004] Currently, mainstream suspension systems utilize either spring damping or electromagnetic structures. Electromagnetic suspensions (EMS) have garnered widespread attention. However, due to improper bearing design, existing EMS bearings often suffer from guide failure, leading to misalignment and poor heat dissipation. Technical Solutions

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a linear motor, an electromagnetic suspension, and a vehicle to solve the problems of guide failure and poor heat dissipation in linear motors.

[0006] To achieve the purpose of this application, this application provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] In the first aspect, the present application provides a linear motor, comprising a guide column, a center column and a bearing, wherein the guide column extends along a first direction; the center column is sleeved on the outer circumference of the guide column; the bearing is arranged between the guide column and the center column, and the center column slides relative to the guide column in the first direction through the bearing; the electromagnetic suspension satisfies the relationship: H2=H4-n(H1+H3), 0≤n≤1.3, wherein H1 is the forward movement stroke of the guide column in the first direction, H2 is the length of the bearing, H3 is the reverse movement stroke of the guide column in the first direction, and H4 is the length of the guide column.

[0008] In one embodiment, the linear motor satisfies the relationship: H2=H4-0.7(H1+H3).

[0009] In one embodiment, the bearing further satisfies the relationship: 0.5 mm ≤ (Dd) / 2 ≤ 3 mm, wherein D is the outer diameter of the bearing and d is the inner diameter of the bearing.

[0010] In one embodiment, the linear motor further includes an iron core and a coil, wherein the iron core is sleeved on the outer circumference of the central column, and the coil is wound around the iron core.

[0011] In one embodiment, the linear motor further includes a magnetic steel sleeve, and the magnetic steel sleeve is sleeved on the outer circumference of the iron core.

[0012] In one embodiment, the linear motor further includes a shell, the shell including an outer peripheral plate and a top plate, the outer peripheral plate is arranged around the outer periphery of the magnetic sleeve, the top plate is connected to one end face of the outer peripheral plate, and the center column is passed through the top plate.

[0013] In one embodiment, a gap exists between the outer circumferential wall of the iron core and the inner circumferential wall of the magnetic steel sleeve, and the gap distance L is 0 mm to 2 mm.

[0014] In one embodiment, the linear motor further includes a base, the central column, the magnetic sleeve and the peripheral plate are all connected to the base, and the base is connected to an end of the peripheral plate facing away from the top plate.

[0015] In one embodiment, the base and the center column are an integrated structure.

[0016] In one embodiment, the linear motor includes a stator assembly and a mover assembly, wherein the stator assembly and the mover assembly maintain relative linear motion.

[0017] In one embodiment, the stator assembly and the mover assembly achieve relative motion via bearings.

[0018] In one embodiment, the stator assembly includes the center column, the mover assembly includes the guide column, the guide column and the center column both extend along a first direction, the center column and the guide column are both cylindrical structures, and the first direction is the axial direction of the guide column and the center column.

[0019] In one embodiment, the central column is a hollow sleeve structure, including a first inner cavity, the first inner cavity extends along the first direction, and the bearing and at least part of the guide column are installed in the first inner cavity.

[0020] In one embodiment, the bearing is a hollow sleeve structure, and the bearing includes a second inner cavity, the second inner cavity extends along the first direction, and at least part of the guide column is installed in the second inner cavity.

[0021] In one embodiment, the bearing includes an inner ring and an outer ring, the bearing is assembled inside the center column, and the outer ring is connected to the inner wall of the center column.

[0022] In one embodiment, the guide post is assembled inside the bearing, and the inner ring is clearance-fitted with the guide post.

[0023] In a second aspect, the present application further provides an electromagnetic suspension, comprising a linear motor as described in any one of the various embodiments of the first aspect.

[0024] In a third aspect, the present application further provides a vehicle comprising the linear motor described in any one of the embodiments of the first aspect or the electromagnetic suspension described in the embodiments of the second aspect. Beneficial effects

[0025] On the one hand, when the above relationship is satisfied, a bearing of appropriate length can be designed based on the length and stroke of the guide column, thereby achieving guiding stability of the guide column through the bearing; and, the guide column and the bearing have a long overlapping length, and the bearing has a strong limiting ability, making the guide column less likely to tilt, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the air gap between the stator assembly and the mover assembly, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of linear motor failure caused by mutual contact. On the other hand, when the above relationship is satisfied, a bearing of appropriate length can be designed based on the length and stroke of the guide column, thereby obtaining a bearing that is more conducive to heat conduction; when the contact area between the center column and the bearing is large, and the contact area between the bearing and the guide column is large, the bearing has a better effect of conducting heat outward and a faster heat conduction speed; not only can the phenomenon of thermal runaway of the linear motor be avoided, but the life of the linear motor can also be improved by effectively managing the dissipation of heat. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the implementation methods of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the implementation methods or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some implementation methods of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0027] FIG1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a linear motor according to an embodiment;

[0028] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the structure and dimensions of a linear motor in one embodiment;

[0029] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a linear motor deflection according to an embodiment;

[0030] FIG4 is a temperature rise simulation diagram of a linear motor according to an embodiment of the prior art;

[0031] FIG5 is a temperature rise simulation diagram of a linear motor according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0032] Description of reference numerals:

[0033] 100-Linear Motor, 1-Center Column, 2-Iron Core, 3-Coil, 4-Magnetic Sleeve, 5-Casing, 51-Top Plate, 52-Peripheral Plate, 53-Base, 6-Bearing, 7-Guide Column

[0034] Implementation Methods of the Application

[0035] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0036] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" another component, it may be directly on the other component or there may be an intermediate component. When a component is referred to as being "connected to" another component, it may be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intermediate component.

[0037] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used in this specification are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit this application. The term "and / or" as used in this application includes any and all combinations of one or more of the relevant listed items.

[0038] The following describes some embodiments of the present application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features therein may be combined with each other.

[0039] The present application provides a linear motor 100, as shown in FIG1 , comprising a guide post 7, a center post 1, and a bearing 6. The guide post 7 extends in a first direction; the center post 1 is sleeved around the outer periphery of the guide post 7; the bearing 6 is disposed between the guide post 7 and the center post 1, and the center post 1 slides relative to the guide post 7 in the first direction via the bearing 6.

[0040] Specifically, the linear motor 100 includes a stator assembly and a mover assembly, wherein the stator assembly and the mover assembly maintain relative linear motion. It should be noted that the motion relationship between the stator assembly and the mover assembly is relative, and therefore the motion relationship between the stator assembly and the mover assembly can be interchangeable. For example, during operation of the linear motor, the stator assembly can remain stationary while the mover assembly moves relative to it; alternatively, the mover assembly can remain stationary while the stator assembly moves relative to it.

[0041] Optionally, the stator assembly and the mover assembly achieve relative motion through a bearing 6 .

[0042] Optionally, the stator assembly includes a center column 1, and the mover assembly includes a guide column 7. The first guide column 7 and the center column 1 both extend along a first direction. It should be noted that both the center column 1 and the guide column 7 are cylindrical structures, so the first direction is the axial direction of the guide column 7 and the center column 1.

[0043] Optionally, the central column 1 is a hollow sleeve structure, including a first inner cavity, which extends along the first direction mentioned above, and the bearing 6 and at least part of the guide column 7 are installed in the first inner cavity.

[0044] Optionally, the center column 1 is a structure with two open ends, namely the upper end and the lower end. The guide column 7 and the bearing 6 extend into the accommodating cavity from the lower end, and the upper end can be connected to other components, thereby fixing the center column 1.

[0045] Optionally, the bearing 6 is a hollow sleeve structure, including a second inner cavity, the second inner cavity extends along the first direction mentioned above, and at least part of the guide column 7 is installed in the second inner cavity.

[0046] Optionally, bearing 6 may include an inner ring and an outer ring. Bearing 6 is assembled within the interior of center column 1 (i.e., the first inner cavity), with the outer ring connected to the inner wall of center column 1. Guide column 7 is assembled within bearing 6 (i.e., the second inner cavity), with the inner ring and guide column 7 having a clearance fit. This clearance fit on the inner ring allows guide column 7 to slide in the first direction, thereby enabling the stator assembly to slide relative to the mover assembly. Therefore, the primary function of bearing 6 is to ensure relative linear motion between the mover and stator assemblies.

[0047] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 2, the linear motor satisfies the relationship: H2=H4-n(H1+H3), 0≤n≤1.3, wherein H1 is the positive movement stroke of the guide column 7 in the first direction, H2 is the length of the bearing 6, H3 is the reverse movement stroke of the guide column 7 in the first direction, and H4 is the length of the guide column 7, wherein the units of H1, H2, H3, and H4 are all mm.

[0048] Specifically, the linear motor has a first state, a second state, and a third state. In the first state, the positional relationship between the center column 1 and the guide column 7 is shown in Figure 2. The second state represents the maximum distance the guide column 7 can reach after moving upward along the axis (the first direction). The third state represents the maximum distance the guide column 7 can reach after moving downward along the axis (the first direction).

[0049] Therefore, H1 is the distance the guide post 7 moves from the first state to the second state, and H3 is the distance the guide post 7 moves from the first state to the third state. H2 is the length of the bearing 6, and H4 is the length of the guide post 7. It is understood that H2 can be smaller than H4.

[0050] It is understandable that, as shown in FIG3 , which is a schematic diagram of a linear motor with a short bearing in the prior art ( FIG3 A) and a linear motor 100 provided in the present application ( FIG3 B), in a clearance fit, the two objects will inevitably produce deflection ( FIG3 A), and the longer the overlapping surface between the two, the smaller the deflection after fitting ( FIG3 B). Therefore, when the stiffness and length of the guide column 7 are fixed, the longer the length of the bearing 6, the longer the overlapping surface between the bearing 6 and the guide column 7, thereby ensuring the coaxiality of the stator assembly and the mover assembly, that is, the better the air gap uniformity is guaranteed to prevent the guide column 7 from tilting.

[0051] Therefore, on the first hand, when the above-mentioned relationship is satisfied, a bearing 6 of appropriate length can be designed according to the length and stroke of the guide column 7, thereby achieving the guiding stability of the guide column 7 through the bearing 6; and, the guide column 7 and the bearing 6 have a longer overlapping length, and the limiting ability of the bearing 6 is stronger, making it difficult for the guide column 7 to tilt, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the air gap between the stator assembly and the mover assembly, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of failure of the linear motor 100 caused by mutual contact.

[0052] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 4, relatively short bearings are also detrimental to heat transfer. When a linear motor is operating normally, current flows through the stator assembly, inevitably generating heat loss. This heat loss radiates to the surrounding area in the form of energy. If the heat is not removed promptly, the entire motor will experience a temperature rise. Since magnets are sensitive to temperature, high temperatures can easily lead to demagnetization and motor failure. Therefore, the design requires rapid heat removal or cooling. Short bearings reduce the contact area between the stator assembly and the surrounding area, allowing heat to be conducted only through air. Air has a low heat transfer coefficient and cannot quickly transfer heat. The bearings fail to quickly transfer heat and are not effectively utilized.

[0053] Therefore, on the second aspect, as shown in Figure 5, when the above relationship is satisfied, the length of the bearing 6 can be designed according to the length and stroke of the guide column 7, so that the bearing 6 that is more conducive to heat conduction can be obtained; when the contact area between the center column 1 and the bearing 6 is large, and the contact area between the bearing 6 and the guide column 7 is large, the bearing 6 has a better effect of conducting heat outward and a faster heat conduction speed; not only can the linear motor 100 be prevented from thermal runaway, but the life of the linear motor 100 can also be improved by effectively managing the dissipation of heat.

[0054] When n approaches or equals 0, H2 (i.e., the length of bearing 6) approaches H4 (i.e., the length of guide post 7), resulting in excessively long bearing 6, increased manufacturing costs, and reduced cost-effectiveness. When n approaches or exceeds 1.3, H2 (i.e., the length of bearing 6) is too small, leading to poor air gap uniformity between bearing 6 and guide post 7, reduced heat transfer capacity, and shortened bearing 6 life.

[0055] In one embodiment, the linear motor satisfies the relationship: H2 = H4 - 0.7 (H1 + H3). Typically, the typical travel range of a linear motor is 70% of its maximum travel. Therefore, the optimal solution is to ensure that the travel range is within 70%. Therefore, n can be set to 0.7, thereby achieving the maximum effective engagement length of the guide column 7.

[0056] In one embodiment, the bearing 6 further satisfies the relationship: 0.5 mm ≤ (Dd) / 2 ≤ 3 mm, where D is the outer diameter of the bearing 6 and d is the inner diameter of the bearing 6 .

[0057] Specifically, based on the above embodiment, bearing 6 is cylindrical, so the effect of its wall thickness on performance also needs to be considered. When the above relationship is satisfied, the wall thickness of bearing 6 is within an appropriate range, which not only improves heat transfer but also ensures structural strength and space utilization.

[0058] When the wall thickness of the bearing 6 is greater than the above range, it is not conducive to lightweighting, occupies a large space and is not conducive to heat transfer; when the wall thickness of the bearing 6 is less than the above range, it is not conducive to ensuring structural strength and processing size.

[0059] Preferably, (Dd) / 2=2 mm.

[0060] Therefore, there is a theoretical value for the size design of the bearing 6, which can meet the requirements of both guidance and heat transfer and can meet the processing, life and other requirements of the bearing 6. As shown in Figure 2, the downward movement stroke of the linear motor mover assembly is H1, the length of the bearing 6 is H2, the inner diameter is d (not shown in the figure), the outer diameter is D (not shown in the figure), the upward movement stroke of the linear motor mover assembly is H3, and the length of the guide rod is H4.

[0061] In one embodiment, referring to FIG. 1 , the linear motor 100 further includes an iron core 2 and a coil 3 . The iron core 2 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the central column 1 , and the coil 3 is wound on the iron core 2 .

[0062] Specifically, the stator assembly further includes an iron core 2 and a coil 3, wherein the iron core 2 is assembled on the outer periphery of the center column 1, and the coil 3 is assembled on the iron core 2. When the guide rods move relative to each other, the center column 1, the iron core 2 and the coil 3 can remain fixed.

[0063] In one embodiment, referring to FIG. 1 , the linear motor further includes a magnetic steel sleeve 4 , which is sleeved on the outer periphery of the iron core 2 .

[0064] Specifically, the rotor assembly also includes a magnetic steel sleeve 4, which is a hollow sleeve structure and includes a third inner cavity. The third inner cavity extends along the first direction mentioned above. The iron core 2, coil 3, and bearing 6 are all installed in the third inner cavity, and at least part of the center column 1 and guide column 7 are accommodated in the third inner cavity.

[0065] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 1, the linear motor also includes a shell 5, the shell 5 includes an outer peripheral plate 52 and a top plate 51, the outer peripheral plate 52 is wrapped around the outer periphery of the magnetic sleeve 4, the top plate 51 is connected to one end face of the outer peripheral plate 52, and the center column 1 is passed through the top plate 51.

[0066] Specifically, the housing 5 encloses a housing cavity and includes an outer peripheral plate 52 and a top plate 51. The housing cavity can have a cylindrical outline. The magnetic sleeve 4, iron core 2, and coil 3 described above are all housed within the housing cavity. The center post 1 extends through the top plate 51 from one end thereof and into the housing cavity. The guide post 7 extends into the housing cavity from a portion facing away from the top plate 51.

[0067] As can be understood, the magnetic sleeve 4, guide post 7, and housing 5 together constitute the mover assembly. The magnetic sleeve 4 moves up and down in the first direction under the action of the iron core 2 and coil 3, and the guide post 7, in conjunction with the bearing 6 and connected to the housing 5, moves along with the magnetic sleeve 4.

[0068] In one embodiment, referring to FIG. 1 , a gap is formed between the outer circumferential wall of the iron core 2 and the inner circumferential wall of the magnetic sleeve 4 , and the gap distance L is 0 mm to 2 mm.

[0069] Specifically, there is a gap between the magnetic steel sleeve 4 and the iron core 2. This gap is a necessary condition for the normal operation of the electromagnetic suspension. Under ideal conditions, the gap in the entire circumferential range needs to be uniform and equal, which can offset the magnetic bias force of the magnetic steel sleeve 4 on the iron core 2 in all directions. The larger the air gap deviation, the greater the difference in magnetic bias forces in all directions, and they cannot offset each other. That is, the greater the lateral force applied to the bearing 6, the greater the friction resistance, and the greater the performance loss of the linear motor 100.

[0070] In one embodiment, referring to FIG. 1 , the linear motor 100 further includes a base 53 , the center column 1 , the magnetic sleeve 4 and the peripheral plate 52 are all connected to the base 53 , and the base 53 is connected to one end of the peripheral plate 52 facing away from the top plate 51 .

[0071] Specifically, the base 53 is connected and fixed to the central column 1 , and the base 53 is also used to support the magnetic steel sleeve 4 .

[0072] Optionally, the peripheral plate 52 and the base 53 are an integrated structure.

[0073] In one embodiment, the base 53 and the center column 1 are an integrated structure.

[0074] Based on the structure of the linear motor 100 described above, when the linear motor 100 is operating normally, current flows into the coil 3 and generates heat, i.e., the coil 3 heats up. This application also provides two heat transfer paths for the linear motor 100:

[0075] (1) Coil 3 → iron core 2 → gap → magnetic sleeve 4 → housing 5 → external environment.

[0076] (2) Coil 3 → iron core 2 → bearing 6 → guide column 7 → external environment.

[0077] It can be understood that the higher the thermal conductivity of each part on the path, the higher the thermal conductivity coefficient, the better the heat transfer effect, and the faster it can be transferred to the external environment for heat dissipation. When the bearing 6 is a link on the path and its matching dimensions with the guide column 7 are not well designed, the heat can only be transferred from the air between the iron core 2 and the guide column 7. The thermal conductivity of air is 0.027W / (m·K), which is much smaller than the thermal conductivity of the bearing 6 (the material of the bearing 6 is usually aluminum 236W / (m·K) or copper 398W / (m·K) or steel 35~50W / (m·K)). Therefore, the design and matching dimensions of the bearing 6 and the guide column 7 are very particular. It is necessary to try to make the heat exchange along the bearing 6 with higher thermal conductivity, increase the heat transfer efficiency, reduce the internal temperature of the linear motor 100, and avoid the risk of demagnetization of the magnetic sleeve 4 due to excessive temperature.

[0078] In one embodiment, the present application further provides an electromagnetic suspension, comprising the linear motor of any one of the above embodiments.

[0079] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship of terms such as "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", and "outside" are based on the orientation or positional relationship described in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present application.

[0080] The above disclosure is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and certainly cannot be used to limit the scope of rights of the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field can understand that all or part of the processes of the above embodiment and equivalent changes made in accordance with the claims of the present application are still within the scope covered by the present application.

Claims

1. A linear motor comprising: a guide post extending along a first direction; A center column, sleeved on the outer periphery of the guide column; a bearing, disposed between the guide post and the center post, wherein the center post slides relative to the guide post in the first direction via the bearing; The linear motor satisfies the relationship: H2=H4-n(H1+H3), 0≤n≤1.3, wherein H1 is the positive movement stroke of the guide column in the first direction, H2 is the length of the bearing, H3 is the reverse movement stroke of the guide column in the first direction, and H4 is the length of the guide column.

2. The linear motor according to claim 1, wherein: The linear motor satisfies the relationship: H2=H4-0.7(H1+H3).

3. The linear motor according to claim 1, wherein: The bearing also satisfies the relationship: 0.5 mm ≤ (Dd) / 2 ≤ 3 mm, wherein D is the outer diameter of the bearing and d is the inner diameter of the bearing.

4. The linear motor according to claim 1, wherein: The linear motor further comprises an iron core and a coil. The iron core is sleeved on the outer periphery of the central column, and the coil is wound on the iron core.

5. The linear motor according to claim 4, wherein: The linear motor further includes a magnetic steel sleeve, which is sleeved on the outer periphery of the iron core. The linear motor according to claim 5 , wherein: The linear motor also includes a shell, which includes an outer peripheral plate and a top plate. The outer peripheral plate is arranged around the outer periphery of the magnetic steel sleeve, the top plate is connected to one end surface of the outer peripheral plate, and the center column is passed through the top plate.

7. The linear motor according to claim 6, wherein: There is a gap between the outer circumferential wall of the iron core and the inner circumferential wall of the magnetic steel sleeve, and the gap distance L is 0 mm to 2 mm.

8. The linear motor according to claim 6, wherein: The linear motor further includes a base, the central column, the magnetic steel sleeve and the peripheral plate are all connected to the base, and the base is connected to one end of the peripheral plate facing away from the top plate.

9. The linear motor according to claim 8, wherein: The base and the center column are an integrated structure.

10. The linear motor according to claim 1, wherein: The linear motor includes a stator assembly and a mover assembly, wherein the stator assembly and the mover assembly maintain relative linear motion.

11. The linear motor according to claim 10, wherein: The stator assembly and the mover assembly achieve relative motion via bearings.

12. The linear motor according to claim 10, wherein: The stator assembly includes the center column, and the mover assembly includes the guide column. The guide column and the center column both extend along a first direction. The center column and the guide column are both cylindrical structures. The first direction is the axial direction of the guide column and the center column.

13. The linear motor according to claim 12, wherein: The central column is a hollow sleeve structure, including a first inner cavity, the first inner cavity extending along the first direction, and the bearing and at least part of the guide column are installed in the first inner cavity.

14. The linear motor according to claim 1, wherein: The bearing is a hollow sleeve structure, and includes a second inner cavity extending along the first direction. At least part of the guide column is installed in the second inner cavity.

15. The linear motor according to claim 1, wherein The bearing comprises an inner ring and an outer ring. The bearing is assembled inside the central column, and the outer ring is connected to the inner wall of the central column.

16. The linear motor according to claim 15, wherein: The guide post is assembled inside the bearing, and the inner ring is clearance-matched with the guide post.

17. An electromagnetic suspension comprising the linear motor according to any one of claims 1 to 16.

18. A vehicle comprising the linear motor according to any one of claims 1 to 16 or the electromagnetic suspension according to claim 17.

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