A process and device for arranging formed conductor wire pieces
The process and device for arranging conductor wire pieces using a placeholder and pulling element address the challenge of high packing density and limited space in stator slots, achieving efficient and cost-effective positioning compatible with existing methods.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2025/082461
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2024-03-18
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-13
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-25
AI Technical Summary
The arrangement of hairpin-shaped conductor wire pieces in stator slots is challenging due to the need for high packing density and limited space, leading to difficulties in positioning and increased production costs with specialized pre-fitting nests.
A process and device using a placeholder element and pulling element to adjust the distance between conductor wire pieces, allowing for efficient arrangement without major structural modifications, utilizing a placeholder element to increase spacing and a pulling element to facilitate positioning, compatible with existing basketing methods.
Enables cost-effective and efficient arrangement of conductor wire pieces with high packing density, reducing production costs and simplifying the process by maintaining compatibility with existing methods.
Smart Images

Figure CN2025082461_25092025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
A PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR ARRANGING FORMED CONDUCTOR WIRE PIECESFIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The invention pertains to a process for producing an assembly of a plurality of formed conductor wire pieces, preferably to a process for producing an assembly of a plurality of formed conductor wire pieces having the shape of hairpin, even more preferably to a process for producing a stator for electric machines in a hairpin construction, to an assembly, preferably to a stator for electric machines in a hairpin construction, obtainable by that process, to the use of such an assembly of a plurality of formed conductor wire pieces, preferably to the use of such a stator in hairpin construction, in electric machines, to electric machines comprising a stator in a hairpin construction and a rotor and to a device comprising moving parts driven by such an electric machine.BACKGROUND
[0002] Stators for electric machines in a hairpin construction are nowadays often found in drive engines, particularly in the automotive sector. With this production technique, a profile wire, usually a rectangular wire, is first bent into a U-shape, which can also be referred to as a conductor clip or “hairpin” . The legs of this hairpin are then arranged in a circle and inserted into the slots of a laminated stator core. In the next step, the free ends of the legs are twisted concentrically about the stator axis by a defined angle on the rear side of the stator, with all free ends that are on a certain diameter, i.e. on one layer of the winding, being twisted alternately clockwise and counterclockwise. This process is also known as “twisting” . Free ends that come to rest next to each other due to the twisting are welded and, depending on the winding scheme, so-called interconnecting bridges are placed on the winding head and welded to the free ends in order to connect the conductor clips to form an overall winding. Optionally, the free ends are then insulated and the entire stator is impregnated. This technology can be highly automated and achieves a high copper fill factor, i.e. a high ratio of the area covered by the conductor to the groove area. The fill factor of hairpin stators is, due to the rectangular cross-section and the small number of turns, approx. 73%and is thus considerably higher than with the classic winding methods (45-50%, depending on the insulation thickness) . Hairpin stators are therefore particularly suitable for the manufacture of electric machines in the automotive sector, in particular for the manufacture of drive units.
[0003] In arranging the legs of this hairpin into the slots of a stator core, in order to obtain a high packing density of the hairpins and thus of the stator windings, the hairpins have to be positioned very close to each other. In addition, arrangement generates a force pulling the fitted pins or hairpins towards the center of the accommodating means. As a result, the space for fitting the last several hairpins is very limited, thereby rendering the arrangement of the hairpins difficult.
[0004] US2020212771A1 describes a pre-fitting nest for forming an annular crown from a plurality of U-shaped electrically conductive hairpins. The pre-fitting nest comprises an accommodating member with a plurality of grooves for accommodating the legs of the U-shaped hairpins. The grooves are configured in such a way, with respect to their size and geometry, that in each case a first leg of a hairpin can be rotated within the groove in order thus to enable an unconstrained positioning of the second leg of the hairpin in another groove. However, manufacturing and using a specialized pre-fitting nest increase the production cost and require a major change to the arrangement process.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0005] The present invention was based on the objective of overcoming the disadvantages resulting from the prior art in connection with the production of formed conductor wire pieces, particularly with formed conductor wire piece having the shape of a hairpin.
[0006] One object of the present invention is to provide an arranging process or device for arranging formed conductor wire pieces in a cost-efficient manner.
[0007] Another object of the present invention is to provide an arranging process or device for arranging formed conductor wire pieces which requires the least structural modification, compared to the known hairpin arrangement process or device.
[0008] A contribution to at least partly solving at least one, preferably more than one, of the above objects is made by the independent claims. The dependent claims provide preferred embodiments which contribute to at least partly solving at least one of the objects.
[0009] A contribution to solving at least one of the objects according to the invention is made by a process for arranging formed conductor wire pieces according to a first embodiment of a first aspect of the present application. The process for arranging M formed conductor wire pieces around an accommodating element to obtain an annular assembly of formed conductor wire pieces, wherein M is greater than 1, comprising steps of:
[0010] - providing the M formed conductor wire pieces;
[0011] - placing a first one of the M formed conductor wire pieces in such a way that a first distance PL1 of at least part of the first formed conductor wire piece from the accommodating element is maintained;
[0012] - placing a second one of the M formed conductor wire pieces to a Nth one of the M formed conductor wire pieces around the accommodating element successively, wherein N is greater than 2, wherein a (N+1) th one of the M formed conductor wire pieces to a Mth one of the M formed conductor wire pieces overlap with the first formed conductor wire piece in the assembly;
[0013] - changing the first distance PL1 of at least part of the first formed conductor wire piece from the accommodating element to a second distance PL2, wherein the second distance PL2 is larger than the first distance PL1; and
[0014] - placing the (N+1) th formed conductor wire piece to the Mth formed conductor wire piece around the accommodating element successively, to complete the assembly.
[0015] In a second embodiment of the process according to the first aspect of the invention, that preferably depends on the first embodiment of the process according to the first aspect of the invention, the process further comprises the step of:
[0016] - reducing the second distance PL2 of at least part of the first formed conductor wire piece from the accommodating element to a third distance PL3.
[0017] In a third embodiment of the process according to the first aspect of the invention, that preferably depends on the first or second embodiment of the process according to the first aspect of the invention, the step of placing the first formed conductor wire pieces comprises:
[0018] - disposing a placeholder element at the accommodating element, wherein the placeholder element has a thickness which is equal to the first distance PL1;
[0019] - placing the first formed conductor wire piece around the accommodating element with the placeholder element in between so that at least part of the first formed conductor wire piece is away from the accommodating element with the first distance PL1.
[0020] In a fourth embodiment of the process according to the first aspect of the invention, that preferably depends on the third embodiment of the process according to the first aspect of the invention, the placeholder element comprises a plug-like tool.
[0021] In a fifth embodiment of the process according to the first aspect of the invention, that preferably depends on any one of the first to fourth embodiments of the process according to the first aspect of the invention, the step of changing the first distance PL1 to the second distance PL2 comprises: moving the first formed conductor wire piece away from the accommodating element, to increase the first distance PL1 of the first formed conductor wire piece from the accommodating element to the second distance.
[0022] In a sixth embodiment of the process according to the first aspect of the invention, that preferably depends on the fifth embodiment of the process according to the first aspect of the invention, the step of moving the first formed conductor wire piece away from the accommodating element comprises: pulling, by means of a pulling element the first formed conductor wire piece away from the accommodating element.
[0023] In a seventh embodiment of the process according to the first aspect of the invention, that preferably depends on the sixth embodiment of the process according to the first aspect of the invention, the pulling element comprises a hook-like tool.
[0024] In an eighth embodiment of the process according to the first aspect of the invention, that preferably depends on any one of the third to seventh embodiments of the process according to the first aspect of the invention, the step of reducing the second distance PL2 to the third distance PL3 comprises: removing the placeholder element and / or the pulling element.
[0025] In a ninth embodiment of the process according to the first aspect of the invention, that preferably depends on any one of the second to eighth embodiments of the process according to the first aspect of the invention, the third distance PL3 is equal to zero.
[0026] In a tenth embodiment of the process according to the first aspect of the invention, that preferably depends on any one of the first to ninth embodiments of the process according to the first aspect of the invention, the first distance PL1 is larger than a width W of the formed conductor wire piece.
[0027] A contribution to solving at least one of the objects according to the invention is made by a process for producing a hairpin stator according to a second aspect of the invention. The process comprises the steps of:
[0028] - providing a conductor wire,
[0029] - wherein the conductor wire has a conductor wire surface and conductor wire cross-section;
[0030] - wherein the conductor wire surface is to at least 50%coated with an electrical insulation;
[0031] - separating the conductor wire to obtain a longitudinal conductor wire piece,
[0032] - wherein the longitudinal conductor wire piece comprises a first end and a second end;
[0033] - forming the longitudinal conductor wire piece to a formed conductor wire piece that comprises a first leg with the first end, a second leg with the second end and a bridging portion that connects the first leg and the second leg;
[0034] - arranging a plurality of such formed conductor wire pieces relative to each other to obtain an assembly of formed conductor wire pieces, wherein this arrangement is accomplished in such a way that the legs of the formed conductor wire pieces of this plurality of formed conductor wire pieces are orientated in basically the same direction, wherein this arrangement is accomplished according to any one of the first to tenth embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention;
[0035] - introducing the assembly into a stator comprising a plurality of slots, each slot having a first slot end and a second slot end, by introducing the legs of the formed conductor wire pieces into the first slot end of the slots of the stator, wherein the ends of each leg protrude from the stator at the second slot end of the slots, followed by twisting of these ends to achieve a certain spatial arrangement of these ends; and
[0036] - providing an electrical contact between the first end or the second end of a given formed conductor wire piece and the first end or the second end of another formed conductor wire piece.
[0037] A contribution to solving at least one of the objects according to the invention is made by a arranging device according to a first embodiment of a third aspect of the invention. The arranging device for arranging M formed conductor wire pieces to obtain an assembly, wherein M is greater than 1, comprises:
[0038] - a placeholder element adapted and arranged to maintain a first distance PL1 between at least part of a first one of the M formed conductor wire piece introduced into the arranging device from an accommodating element; and
[0039] - a pulling element adapted and arranged to pull the first formed conductor wire piece away from the accommodating element to increase the first distance PL1 of at least part of the first formed conductor wire piece from the accommodating element to a second distance PL2.
[0040] In a second embodiment of the arranging device according to the third aspect of the invention, that preferably depends on the first embodiment of the arranging device according to the third aspect of the invention, the placeholder element comprises:
[0041] - an extension part, in particular shaped like a plug, adapted and arranged to be disposed between the first formed conductor wire piece introduced into the arranging device and the accommodating element, wherein the extension part has a thickness which is equal to the first distance PL1; and
[0042] - a fixing part connected to the extension part, adapted and arranged to be attached to the accommodating element.
[0043] In a third embodiment of the arranging device according to the third aspect of the invention, that preferably depends on the first or second embodiment of the arranging device according to the third aspect of the invention, the pulling element comprises:
[0044] - a bent part, in particular shaped like a hook, adapted and arranged to hook up the first formed conductor wire piece introduced into the arranging device; and
[0045] - a handle part connected to the bent part, adapted and arranged to move away from the accommodating element, to increase the first distance PL1 of at least part of the first formed conductor wire piece introduced into the arranging device from the accommodating element to the second distance PL2.
[0046] In a fourth embodiment of the arranging device according to the third aspect of the invention, that preferably depends on any one of the first to third embodiments of the arranging device according to the third aspect of the invention, the pulling element is adapted and arranged to pull the first formed conductor wire piece introduced into the arranging device away from the accommodating element, after a second one to a Nth one of the M formed conductor wire pieces introduced into the arranging device are placed around the accommodating element successively, wherein N is greater than 2, wherein a (N+1) th one to a Mth one of the M formed conductor wire pieces introduced into the arranging device overlap with the first formed conductor wire piece in the assembly.
[0047] In a fifth embodiment of the arranging device according to the third aspect of the invention, that preferably depends on the fourth embodiment of the arranging device according to the third aspect of the invention, the (N+1) th one to the Mth one of the M formed conductor wire pieces introduced into the arranging device are placed around the accommodating element successively, after the first distance PL1 of at least part of the first formed conductor wire piece from the accommodating element is increased to a second distance PL2 by the pulling element.
[0048] In a sixth embodiment of the arranging device according to the third aspect of the invention, that preferably depends on any one of the first to fifth embodiments of the arranging device according to the third aspect of the invention, the arranging device further comprises: a removing element adapted and arranged to remove the placeholder element and / or the pulling element, to reduce the second distance PL2 of at least part of the first formed conductor wire piece introduced into the arranging device from the accommodating element to a third distance PL3.
[0049] In a seventh embodiment of the arranging device according to the third aspect of the invention, that preferably depends on the sixth embodiment of the arranging device according to the third aspect of the invention, the third distance PL3 is equal to zero.
[0050] In an eighth embodiment of the arranging device according to the third aspect of the invention, that preferably depends on any one of the first to seventh embodiments of the arranging device according to the third aspect of the invention, the first distance PL1 is larger than a width W of the formed conductor wire piece introduced into the arranging device.
[0051] In a ninth embodiment of the arranging device according to the third aspect of the invention, that preferably depends on any one of the first to eighth embodiments of the arranging device according to the third aspect of the invention, the arranging device further comprises: the accommodating element adapted and arranged to accommodate the M formed conductor wire pieces introduced into the arranging device, to obtain the assembly.
[0052] In a tenth embodiment of the arranging device according to the third aspect of the invention, that preferably depends on any one of the first to ninth embodiments of the arranging device according to the third aspect of the invention, the arranging device further comprises: the basketing element adapted and arranged to place the M formed conductor wire pieces introduced into the arranging device around the accommodating element.
[0053] A contribution to solving at least one of the objects according to the invention is made by a production device for producing a hairpin stator according to a fourth aspect of the invention. The production device comprises:
[0054] - the arranging device according to any one of the first to tenth embodiments of the third aspect of the present invention; and
[0055] - a machining device adapted and arranged to process the obtained assembly of formed conductor wire pieces to produce the hairpin stator.
[0056] A contribution to solving at least one of the objects according to the invention is made by a use of the arranging device according to any one of the first to tenth embodiments of the third aspect of the present invention in the process for the production of an assembly of formed conductor wire piece according to any one of the first to tenth embodiments of the first aspect of the present invention.
[0057] In the present invention, a placeholder element is disposed between the first formed wire piece and the accommodating element, thereby enabling the pulling element to pull the first formed wire piece outwards so as to increase the basketing space to facilitate the arrangement of the rest formed wire pieces. The present invention is compatible with the existing basketing method and device and thus cost efficient. The present invention is particularly advantageous in arranging the second and further circles of the hairpins because of the placeholder element.
[0058] FIGURES
[0059] The figures serve to exemplify the present invention, and should not be viewed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the figures are not drawn to scale.
[0060] Fig. 1 shows a formed conductor wire piece 100 having the shape of a hairpin obtainable in process step c. of the process according to the present invention.
[0061] Fig. 2 shows an assembly 200 in the form of a basket of a formed conductor wire pieces 100, each formed conductor wire piece 100 having the shape of a hairpin, obtainable by the process for the production of an assembly according to the present invention, before it is placed into the slots 303 of a laminated stator core 300 as shown in Fig. 3.
[0062] Fig. 3 shows the side-view of a laminated stator core 300, into which the formed conductor wire pieces 100 obtainable by the process according to the present invention or into which one or more assemblies 200 of such formed conductor wire pieces 100 can be introduced for the formation of a stator in a hairpin construction 400.
[0063] Fig. 4 shows a top-view of such a laminated stator core 300.
[0064] Fig. 5 shows the connected ends of the formed conductor wire pieces 100 obtainable by the process according to the present invention after the have been bend in opposing directions.
[0065] Fig. 6 shows a stator in a hairpin construction 400 that can be produced by means of the process for the preparation of an assembly according to the present invention.
[0066] Fig. 7 shows an arranging device 1400 according to an embodiment of the present invention that comprises placeholder element 1450 and pulling element 1480.
[0067] Fig. 8 shows application of the arranging device 1400 in a process for arranging a first circle of a plurality of formed conductor wire pieces 100 according to one example of the present invention.
[0068] Fig. 9 shows application of the arranging device 1400 in a process for arranging a second circle of a plurality of formed conductor wire pieces 100 according to one example of the present invention.DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0069] The present disclosure can be understood more readily by reference to the following detailed description taken in connection with the accompanying figures and examples, which form a part of this disclosure. It is to be understood that this disclosure is not limited to the specific devices, methods, applications, conditions or parameters described and / or shown herein, and that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments by way of example only and is not intended to be limiting of the scope of the present disclosure. Also, as used herein, the singular forms “a, ” “an, ” and “the” include “at least one” and a plurality. Further, reference to a plurality as used in the specification including the appended claims includes the singular “a, ” “an, ” “one, ” and “the, ” and further includes “at least one. ” Further still, reference to a particular numerical value in the specification including the appended claims includes at least that particular value, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.
[0070] The term “plurality” , as used herein, means more than one. When a range of values is expressed, another example includes from the one particular value and / or to the other particular value. Similarly, when values are expressed as approximations, by use of the antecedent “about, ” it will be understood that the particular value forms another example. All ranges are inclusive and combinable.
[0071] The term “substantially, ” “approximately, ” and derivatives thereof, and words of similar import, when used to describe sizes, shapes, spatial relationships, distances, directions, and other similar parameters includes the stated parameter in addition to a range up to 10%more and up to 10%less than the stated parameter, including up to 5%more and up to 5%less, including up to 3%more and up to 3%less, including up to 1%more and up to 1%less.
[0072] Fig. 1 shows a formed conductor wire piece 100 having the shape of a hairpin as it is obtainable in process step c. by the process according to the present invention. The hairpin is preferably a copper hairpin comprising an insulation on the outer surface (indicated by the black colour) . The hairpin comprises two substantially parallel legs 101 and 103, the first leg 101 having a first end 102 and the second leg 103 having a second end 104, wherein at the first end 102 and at the second end 104 the insulation is preferably removed (indicated by the grey color) . The conductor wire used for form the hairpin 100 preferably has a rectangular cross-sectional shape with, for example, a width of 3.24 mm and a thickness of 2.84 mm. However, the actual size of the rectangular cross-sectional shape depends, for example, on the size of the stator into which the hairpins are to be introduced and / or the density of the assembly of formed conductor wire pieces that is to be introduced into the slots of the stator. The thickness of the insulation that is applied onto at least a part of the surface of the conductor wire can, for example, be in the range from 0.01 mm to 0.1 mm, preferably in the range from 0.03 to 0.07 mm. Preferably, the section 105 of the hairpins by means of which the two legs 101 and 103 are connected with each other (indicated by the dotted circle in Fig. 1) is curved three-dimensionally so that the two legs 101 and 103 of a given formed conductor wire piece 100 do not lie in a common plane when the outer edges of the cross-sectional areas of these legs 101 and 103 are aligned identically.
[0073] Fig. 2 shows an assembly 200 in the form of a basket of a formed conductor wire pieces 100 having the shape of a hairpin obtainable by the process for the production of an assembly according to the present invention, wherein the formed conductor wire pieces 100 are arranged in circles or rings, wherein two of such circles 202 and 203 are formed in a concentric arrangement. Such an assembly of formed conductor wire pieces can be placed into the slots 303 of a laminated stator core 300 as shown in Fig. 3 for the formation of a stator in a hairpin construction 400. Each circle or ring 202 and 203 forms a conductive winding when at the end of the process for the preparation of an assembly the ends 102 and 104 of the hairpins are connected with each other in a well-defined manner. As shown in Fig. 2, the formed conductor wire pieces 100 are arranged relative to each other in such a way that the first end 102 and the further end 104 of each of these formed conductor wire pieces is orientated in basically the same direction. In this context it is also preferred that the first ends 102 and the further ends 104 of all of these formed conductor wire pieces 100 are basically located in the same plane 201 (this plane being indicated by means of a dotted circle at the bottom of the assembly) . On the opposite side of the assembly section 105 of the hairpins by means of which the two legs 101 and 103 of a given hairpin are connected with each other may also be located substantially in a same plane.
[0074] Fig. 3 shows the side-view of a laminated cylindrical stator core 300 into which the formed conductor wire pieces 100 obtainable by the process according to the present invention or into which an assembly 200 of such formed conductor wire pieces 100, as it is shown in Fig. 2, can be introduced for the formation of a stator in a hairpin construction 400. The cylindrical stator core 300 comprises an outer perimeter surface 301 and an inner perimeter surface 302 with a plurality of slots 303 formed between the inner perimeter surface 302 and the outer perimeter surface 301, the inner perimeter surface 302 defining an inner cylindrical space 306 (shown in Fig. 4) that extends in an axial direction within the stator 300, wherein the first and the second legs 101 and 103 of the formed conductor wire pieces 100 are introduced into the slots 303 of the cylindrical stator core 300. The cylindrical stator core 300 shown in Fig. 3 is formed from a large number of stacked electrical laminations 304, each of the electrical laminations 304 being closed to form a circular ring. The cylindrical stator core 300 comprises individual stator teeth 305, with each individual stator core teeth 305 being formed from a large number of stacked electrical laminations 304. Stator core teeth 305 are components of the stator core 300 which are designed as circumferentially spaced, teeth-like radially inwardly directed parts of the stator body, wherein the free space between two adjacent teeth 305 form slots 303 into which the formed conductor wire pieces 100 can be introduced as described above.
[0075] Fig. 4 shows a top view of a laminated stator core 300 similar to the one shown in Fig. 3. As can be seen in Fig. 4, depending on the width of the slots 303, each slot 303 can accommodate a certain number n of legs 101 and 103 of the formed conductor wire pieces 100 (in Fig. 4 n is 6) .
[0076] Fig. 5 shows the connected ends 102 and 104 of the formed conductor wire pieces in an assembly that may be obtained by the process according to the present invention after they have been bend in opposing directions. For the formation of a stator in a hairpin construction 400, the first end 102 and the second end 104 of each formed conductor wire piece 100 that has been introduced into the slots 303 of a cylindrical stator core 300 is twisted in such a way that an s-shaped form of the ends is obtained, wherein the first end 102 of a given formed conductor wire piece 100 (hairpin) is bent in one direction and the further end 104 is bent in the opposite direction so that the first end 102 of a one formed conductor wire piece 100 comes to rest next to the second end 104 of another formed conductor wire piece 100. The ends 102 and 104 thus brought into close proximity are then connected to each other, for example, by Laser-welding. If this process is carried out for all the formed conductor wire pieces 100 within a given circle 202, 203 of the circularly arranged formed conductor wire pieces 100, electrically conductive winding is obtained in the cylindrical stator core 300.
[0077] Fig. 6 shows a stator in a hairpin construction 400 that can be produced by means of the process for the preparation of an assembly according to the present invention. The stator 400 comprises a stator core 300 into which the assembly 200 of formed conductor wire pieces 100, preferably the assembly of formed conductor wire pieces 100 having the shape of a hairpin, has been introduced and in which the ends 102 an 104 of each hairpin have been twisted and connected as described above. The stator 400 further comprises connections 401 to enable electric contact of the respective windings of the stator 400.
[0078] Fig. 7 shows an arranging device 1400 for arranging a plurality of formed conductor wire pieces 100 to obtain an assembly 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention. In one embodiment, the formed conductor wire pieces to be arranged are two-dimensional wire pieces 100 where the bridging portion 105 are substantially on the same plane as the first leg 101 and the second leg 103. In a preferred embodiment, the formed conductor wire pieces to be arranged are three-dimensional wire pieces 100 where the bridging portion 105 protrudes from the plane of the first leg 101 and the second leg 103, as shown in Fig. 1. In a further preferred embodiment, the three-dimensional formed conductor wire piece 100 has an offset bent portion in the bridging portion 105. The offset bent portion is, in particular, Z-formed, as shown in Figs. 8 and 9. Because of the offset bent portion in the bridging portion 105, a part of the bridging portion 105 in the assembly 200 is closer to the accommodating element 1300 than the other part of the bridging portion 105.
[0079] In this embodiment, M formed conductor wire pieces 100 are arranged around an accommodating element 1300, wherein M is greater than 1. The accommodating element 1300 can be a part of a pre-fitting element. In one example, the accommodating element 1300 is shaped like a cylinder having a base surface and a body. The M formed wire pieces are arranged around the accommodating element 1300 into one or more circles, as shown in Figs. 8 and 9. In the present invention, the (N+1) th one of the M formed conductor wire pieces 100 to the last one of the M formed conductor wire pieces 100 overlap with the first formed conductor wire piece 100 in the assembly 200. Here, N is greater than 2.
[0080] As illustrated in Fig. 7, the arranging device 1400 comprises placeholder element 1450 and pulling element 1480. The placeholder element 1450 comprises an extension part 1451, in particular shaped like a plug, and a fixing part 1455 connected to the extension part 1451. The extension part 1451 can be disposed between the first formed conductor wire piece 100 introduced into the arranging device 1400 and the accommodating element 1300 in arranging the first circle of the formed conductor wire pieces 100 in the assembly 200. In arranging the subsequent one or more circles of the formed conductor wire pieces, the extension part 1451 can be disposed between the first formed conductor wire piece 100 and the circumference of the previous circle of the assembled formed conductor wire pieces. In this case, the previous one or more circles of the assembled formed conductor wire pieces can be regarded as a part of the accommodating element 1300.
[0081] The extension part 1451 has a thickness of PL1, as shown in Fig. 7. In one example, PL1 is larger than a width W of the formed conductor wire piece, as shown in Fig. 8. Therefore, the placeholder element 1450 can maintain the first distance PL1 of the first formed conductor wire piece 100 from the accommodating element 1300. As shown in Fig. 8, when arranging the formed wire pieces 100, the fixing part 1455 can rest on or be attached to the accommodating element 1300 to support the extension part 1451. In one example, the width of extension part 1451 can be smaller than the extension of the bridging portion 105. In one example, as shown in Fig. 8, the place holder element 1450 can be disposed so as to abut against a part (the left part in the example of Fig. 8) of the bridging portion 105 of the first formed conductor wire piece 100 that is closer to the accommodating element 1300 than the other part (the right part in the example of Fig. 8) of the bridging portion 105. Thus, at least part of the first formed conductor wire piece 100 is away from the accommodating element 1300 with the first distance PL1.
[0082] The pulling element 1480 is used to pull the first formed conductor wire piece 100 away from the accommodating element 1300 to increase the first distance PL1 of at least of the first formed conductor wire piece 100 from the accommodating element 1300 to a second distance PL2. In one embodiment, the pulling element 1480 comprises a bent part 1481 and a handle part 1485 connected to the bent part 1481. The bent part 1481 is in particular shaped like a hook and can hook up the first formed conductor wire piece 100. The handle part 1485 can be driven to move away from the accommodating element 1300.
[0083] In one embodiment, the arranging device 1400 further comprises a removing element (not shown) to remove the placeholder element 1450 and / or the pulling element 1480 after arranging the formed wire pieces is completed. As a result, the distance of at least of the first formed conductor wire piece from the accommodating element 1300 is reduced from the second distance PL2 to a third distance PL3. The third distance PL3 can be equal to zero.
[0084] Fig. 8 shows application of the arranging device 1400 in a process for arranging the first circle of a plurality of formed conductor wire pieces 100. Fig. 9 shows the scenario where the second circle of formed conductor wire pieces are arranged. In the arranging process, before the first formed wire piece is arranged, the placeholder element 1450 is disposed at the accommodating element 1300 in such a way that the fixing part 1455 rests on or is attached to the base surface of the accommodating element 1300 while the extension part 1451 extends along the body of the accommodating element 1300. It is noted that in arranging the second and further circles of the formed conductor wire pieces, the placeholder element 1450 is disposed at the circumference of the previous circle of the assembled formed conductor wire pieces, as shown in Fig. 9. In this case, the accommodating element 1300 can be regarded as including previous one or more circles of the assembled formed conductor wire pieces.
[0085] Then the first formed wire piece is placed with the extension part 1451 being between the first formed wire piece and the accommodating element 1300. That is, the first formed conductor wire pieces is placed so that the first distance PL1 of at least part of the first formed conductor wire piece from the accommodating element 1300 is maintained.
[0086] Next, the second formed conductor wire pieces to a Nth one of the M formed conductor wire pieces are placed around the accommodating element 1300 successively. In order to obtain a high packing density of the formed wire pieces and thus of the stator windings, the hairpins have to be positioned very close to each other and some formed wire pieces overlap with the neighboring pieces. In the embodiment of the present invention, it is assumed that the (N+1) th one of the M formed conductor wire pieces 100 to the Mth of the M formed conductor wire pieces 100 overlap with the first formed conductor wire piece 100 in the assembly 200.
[0087] Then, the pulling element 1480 pulls the first formed conductor wire piece away from the accommodating element 1300. As a result, the distance of at least part of the first formed conductor wire piece from the accommodating element 1300 is increased from the first distance PL1 to the second distance PL2. The arrangement generates a force pulling the placed formed wire pieces towards the center of the accommodating element. As a result, the space for fitting the last several hairpins is very limited, thereby rendering the arrangement of the formed wire pieces difficult. By use of the pulling element 1480, the basketing space is increased so as to facilitate the arrangement of the rest formed wire pieces. Furthermore, the placeholder element 1450 leaves some room between the first formed wire piece and the accommodating element 1300, which also facilitates pulling the first formed wire piece by means of the pulling element 1480. The present invention is particularly advantageous in arranging the second and further circles of the hairpins because of the placeholder element. Without the placeholder element, it would be difficult to hook up the first formed wire piece in the second or further circles.
[0088] Then, the (N+1) th formed conductor wire piece to the Mth formed conductor wire piece are placed around the accommodating element 1300 successively, to complete the assembly 200. When all M formed wire pieces are arranged, the placeholder element 1450 and / or the pulling element 1480 are removed. Thus the distance of at least part of the first formed conductor wire piece from the accommodating element 1300 is reduced from the second distance PL2 to the third distance PL3, or to zero.
[0089] Also provided is a process of producing an assembly 200 of formed conductor wire pieces according to the present invention.
[0090] Process step a.
[0091] In process step a. of the process for producing an assembly of a plurality of formed conductor wire pieces according to the present invention a conductor wire is provided, wherein the conductor wire has a conductor wire surface and wherein the conductor wire surface is to at least 50%, preferably at least 75%and more preferably at least 95%, coated with an electrical insulation. The wire surface that is coated with the electrical insulation is the perimeter surface of the conductor wire that surrounds the conductor wire in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the conductor wire.
[0092] Preferably, the conductor wire can have any cross-sectional shape, such as a cyclic shape, an elliptic shape or a rectangular shape, wherein a rectangular shape of the cross-section of the conductor wire is particularly preferred. In case of such a rectangular shape, the length of the sides A and B of the rectangular cross-sectional area A × B is preferably in a range from 1 to 10 mm, more preferably in a range from 1.5 to 8 mm, and even more preferably in a range from 2 to 6 mm. Furthermore, the length of sides A and B defining the cross-sectional rectangular shape of the conductor wire may differ from each other by at least 0.25 mm, by at least 0.5 mm or by at least 1 mm.
[0093] The electrical insulation that covers at least a part of the conductor wire surface may be based on any material, such as enamel, paper, polymer, fiberglass, mica, and combinations thereof. In one specific example, the electrical insulation may be a polyamide-imide film. Also, the method for coating the conductor wire assembly may be any method as long as it is a method that is normally used as an insulation coating method such as immersion, electrodeposition coating, oxide filming, or plating. Conductor wires coated with such an electrical insulating that are suitable to be used in process step a. are commercially available from Hitachi Cable America, Inc. of White Plains, New York.
[0094] Providing the conductor wire in process step a. is preferably accomplished by means of a continues process in which a conductor wire that is wound on a reel and is continuously unwound from this reel by means of a feeding element and is subsequently straightened in several stages to reduce residual curvature and residual stresses. The process of providing a conductor wire may also include an additional step in which the electrical insulation of the conductor wire is partially stripped (removed) after the straightening process, preferably in regular intervals. Both laser-based and mechanical processes are used here to at least partially remove the electrical insolation.
[0095] Process step b.
[0096] In process step b. of the process for producing an assembly of a plurality of formed conductor wire pieces according to the present invention the conductor wire provided in process step a. is separated to obtain a plurality of longitudinal wire pieces, wherein each longitudinal wire piece in the plurality of longitudinal wire pieces comprises a first end and a second end. Preferably, separation is carried out within the stripped area of the conductor wire, preferably essentially centrally within this stripped area, so that the resulting longitudinal wire pieces are stripped to a certain length at their first and their second end –this length depending on the length of the area of the conductor wire stripped in process step a..
[0097] The length of each longitudinal wire piece in the plurality of longitudinal wire pieces that is produced in process step b. depends on the shape of the formed conductor wire piece, preferably on the shape of the hairpin, that is to be formed in process step c.. The conductor wire can, for example, be separated by means of a simple cutting process using a cam driven punch and die set which creates notches with a well-defined depth across the surface of the conductor wire in the middle of a stripped section thereof to separate the conductor wire at that point. In the alternative, the conductor wire may also be separated by means of a process selected from the group consisting of shear cutting, knife cutting, bite cutting, tearing or a combination of two or more of these approaches.
[0098] Process step b. may additionally comprise a process step in which the ends of the conductor wire piece are sharpened or chamfered for an easier arrangement of the formed conductor wire piece, preferably of the hairpin, in the slots of a stator as described later.
[0099] Process step c.
[0100] In process step c. of the process for producing an assembly of a plurality of formed conductor wire pieces according to the present invention the longitudinal wire pieces are formed to obtain formed wire pieces that comprise a first leg with a first end, a second leg with a second end and a bridging portion that connects the first leg and the second leg, preferably to hairpins. Preferably, formation is performed in such a way that formed conductor wire pieces are obtained in which the first and the second leg basically show in the same direction and are aligned substantially parallel to each other. According to one embodiment of the process according to the present invention the formed conductor wire pieces are characterized by a two-dimensional structure in such a sense that the two legs of a given formed conductor wire piece extend in one plane. According to another embodiment of the process according to the present invention the formed conductor wire pieces are characterized by a three-dimensional structure in such a sense that the two legs of a given formed conductor wire piece extend in two parallel planes offset from each other, this embodiment being particularly preferred. In order to obtain such a three-dimensional form, the bridging portion that connects the first and the second leg has the shape of a twisted “U” . An example of such a 3D-structured hairpin in shown in Fig. 1.
[0101] Forming of the longitudinal conductor wire piece can be accomplished by any method the person skilled in the art would consider to be suitable from forming a conductor wire such as a copper wire. Preferred forming methods comprise Computer Numerically Controlled (CNC) -bending, swivel bending, press brake bending, free bending and a combination of at least two of these approaches. CNC-bending allows 2D-and 3D-bending of the conductor wire. The conductor wire is bent directly by a single or multiple bending tools into the desired final contour. When using swivel bending, the conductor wire is positioned on a stop system, in which an upper beam clamps the conductor wire against a lower beam. These bending clamps give the conductor wire the required 2D-geometry. The desired 3D-geometry can be obtained by combining the swivel bending processes with die bending processes or free bending processes. When using press brake bending, the 2D-bent hairpin is positioned on a die. The 3D-shape is subsequently imparted to the hairpin by downward movement of a press brake. When using free bending, one leg of the 2D-bent hairpin is placed between an upper and a lower cheek. A gripper then takes the free hairpin-leg and pulls the hairpin apart in order to obtain the desired 3D-shape.
[0102] It should be noted that in the process according to the present invention process step c. not nec-essarily has to be carried out after process step b. but can also be performed before process step b. In that case, first a formed conductor wire piece is prepared at the free end of the conductor wire provided in process step a. and thereafter the formed conductor wire piece it is separated from the conductor wire to obtain the formed conductor wire piece that in process step d. is then used to prepare an assembly of formed conductor wire pieces.
[0103] Process step d.
[0104] In process step d. of the process for producing an assembly of a plurality of formed conductor wire pieces the formed conductor wire pieces obtained in process step c. are arranged relative to each other in such a way that the first end of each of these formed conductor wire pieces and the second end of each of these formed conductor wire pieces are orientated in basically the same direction. In this context it is also preferred that the first ends and the second ends of each of these formed conductor wire pieces are basically located in the same plane. The total amount of formed conductor wire pieces that are arranged in process step d. depends on the desired size of the assembly and can be in the range from, for example, 25 to 3,000, in the range from 50 to 2,000 or in the range from 100 to 1,000.
[0105] Preferably, the formed conductor wire pieces are arranged in one or more circles, wherein in case of more than one circle these circles may be formed in a concentric arrangement. In this context it is particularly preferred that the plurality of formed conductor wire pieces is to be arranged within a cylindrical stator core, preferably within a cylindrical stator core, the stator core comprising an outer perimeter surface, an inner perimeter surface and a plurality of slots formed between the inner perimeter surface and the outer perimeter surface, the inner perimeter surface defining an inner space, preferably an inner cylindrical space, that extends in an axial direction within the stator core, wherein the formed conductor wire pieces are placed in the slots of the stator core. The longitudinal axis of the legs of the formed conductor wire pieces, preferably the longitudinal axis of the legs of the hairpins, runs parallel to the axial direction in which the inner space of the stator core extends. Depending on the width of the slots, each slot can accommodate a certain number n of legs of the formed conductor wire pieces, preferably of formed conductor wire pieces having the shape of a hairpin, n preferably being an even number in the range from 2 to 12, more preferably in the range from 4 to 10. The slot-positions of the legs of the formed conductor wire piece within a given slot can be numbered from 1 (the slot-position furthest away to the inner space of the stator) to x (the slot-position closet to the inner space of the stator) . An example of a cylindrical stator core in which the formed conductor wire pieces obtained in process step c. can be placed is shown in Fig. 3.
[0106] Preferably, in such a stator core the formed conductor wire pieces, preferably the formed conductor wire pieces having the shape of a hairpin, form a number n / 2 of rings, each ring running in a circumferential direction with the first ring r1 being the ring closest to the inner cylindrical space and the last ring rx being furthest away from the inner cylindrical space, wherein the formed conductor wire pieces are arranged in these rings in such a way that the first leg of a given formed conductor wire piece is placed in one of the plurality of slots at slot-position y (wherein y may, for example, be position 1, position 3, position 5 etc. ) , and the second leg of the same formed conductor wire piece may be positioned in the another slot at a slot-position y + 1 (e.g., if the first leg is placed in position 1 of a first slot, the second leg is placed in position 2 of another slot) . The circumferential distance of the two slots in the stator core depends, for example, on the distance between the first and the second end of a given formed conductor wire piece. When placing the formed conductor wire pieces, preferably the formed conductor wire pieces having the shape of a hairpin, into the slots in such a way, a plurality of concentrically arranged rings of formed conductor wire pieces is obtained, the number of rings being n / 2. According to a particular embodiment of the process according to the present invention n is 4, 6, 8 or 10 and thus 2, 3, 4 or 5 rings for hairpins are present in the assembly. At the end of process step e. (which will be described below) each of these rings forms an electrically conductive stator winding, these windings being arranged concentrically.
[0107] The stator core, preferably the cylindrical stator core, can be designed in one piece or in multiple pieces, in particular in multiple segments. A one-piece stator core is characterized in that the entire stator core is formed in one piece, viewed circumferentially. The stator core is preferably formed from a large number of electrical laminations that are electrically insulated from one another and are constructed in layers and packaged to form laminated cores. This structure keeps the eddy currents in the stator caused by the stator field low. The sheets are generally made of electrical steel and are stacked and packaged one on top of the other to form a stack. The individual laminations can then remain held together in the laminated core by gluing, welding or screwing. A segmented stator core is characterized in that it is made up of individual stator segment parts. The stator core can be made up of individual stator tooth, with each individual stator tooth being formed from the electrical laminations. Stator teeth are components of the stator core which are designed as circumferentially spaced, tooth-like radially inwardly directed parts of the stator body, wherein the free space between two adjacent tooth forms the slots mentioned above.
[0108] In addition to these slots, the cylindrical stator core may also comprise separate cooling ducts, which can be integrated into the laminated core of the stator as disclosed in EP 3 157 138 A1 as well as in the slot in addition to the electrically conductive stator winding as disclosed in Markus Schiefer: , , Indirect winding cooling of highly utilized permanently excited synchronous machines with tooth coil winding” , dissertation, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) , 2017) .
[0109] Before introducing the formed conductor wire pieces into the slots of the cylindrical stator core, these slots are preferably insulated. For that purpose, insulation paper is usually fed through a paper roll and is then continuously folded and cut into the respective shape. After the paper has been cut and folded, the insulation paper is inserted into the slots of the stator slot by slot. In a subsequent process step the insulation paper can be expanded using a forming die that moves to both sides of the stator and expands the slot insulation by applying heat.
[0110] With respect to the introduction of the formed conductor wire pieces, preferably of the formed conductor wire pieces having the shape of a hairpin, into such a cylindrical stator core, different approaches can be used. It is, for example, possible to introduce the formed conductor wire pieces one after another into the slots of the stator. However, according to a preferred embodiment of the process for producing an assembly according to the present invention, the plurality of formed conductor wire pieces, preferably the plurality of formed conductor wire pieces having the shape of a hairpin are first assembled in such a way that the arrangement of the first and the second endings of all formed conductor wire pieces in that assembly corresponds to the arrangement of the slots of the cylindrical stator core, thereby forming a basket that comprises one or more rings (or crowns) of formed conductor wire pieces, preferably one or more rings of hairpins, wherein this basket (or each separate ring) is then introduced into the slots of the cylindrical stator core. A process for producing such a “pre-fitting nest” of hairpins is, for example, disclosed in US 11,652,392 B2. An example of such a basket that comprises two concentrically arranged rings of formed conductor wire pieces having the shape of a hairpin is shown in Fig. 2.
[0111] It has to be noted that not all formed conductor wire pieces having the shape of a hairpin that are assembled in the cylindrical stator core must have exactly the same shape. Usually, two, three or more different types of hairpins can be assembled in the stator as it is disclosed, for example, in US 2014 / 319953 A1.
[0112] The assembly of the formed conductor wire pieces in the form of the above-described basket, preferably the assembly of the formed conductor wire pieces having the shape of a hairpin, may take place in a workpiece carrier or in a transfer device. Preferred assembly strategies comprise techniques such as turning or radial feed. All formed conductor wire pieces assembled in such a basket may then be aligned of a single level to the required electrical circuit. Subsequently, all formed conductor wire pieces of each level may be assembled into the cylindrical stator core with the help of an entering mask and a counter stay for hairpin guiding and an assembly gripper for hairpin inserting. After the formed conductor wire pieces or the assembly of formed conductor wire pieces have been introduced into the slots of the stator core from one side of the stator core, the ends of the formed conductor wire pieces protrude from the opposite side of the stator.
[0113] The process according to the present invention is now characterized in that process step d. for arranging M formed conductor wire pieces around an accommodating element to obtain an an-nular assembly of formed conductor wire pieces, wherein M is greater than 1, comprises steps of:
[0114] - providing the M formed conductor wire pieces;
[0115] - placing a first one of the M formed conductor wire pieces in such a way that a first distance PL1 of at least part of the first formed conductor wire piece from the accommodating element is maintained;
[0116] - placing a second one of the M formed conductor wire pieces to a Nth one of the M formed conductor wire pieces around the accommodating element successively, wherein N is greater than 2, wherein a (N+1) th one of the M formed conductor wire pieces to a Mth one of the M formed conductor wire pieces overlap with the first formed conductor wire piece in the assembly;
[0117] - changing the first distance PL1 of at least part of the first formed conductor wire piece from the accommodating element to a second distance PL2, wherein the second distance PL2 is larger than the first distance PL1; and
[0118] - placing the (N+1) th formed conductor wire piece to the Mth formed conductor wire piece around the accommodating element successively, to complete the assembly.
[0119] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the process further comprises the step of: reducing the second distance PL2 of at least part of the first formed conductor wire piece from the accommodating element to a third distance PL3. In one example, the above step of reducing comprises removing the placeholder element and / or the pulling element. In one example, the third distance PL3 is equal to zero. In one example, the first distance PL1 is larger than a width W of the formed conductor wire piece.
[0120] It is also preferred that the step of placing the first formed conductor wire pieces comprises:
[0121] - disposing a placeholder element at the accommodating element, wherein the placeholder element has a thickness which is equal to the first distance PL1, wherein the placeholder element comprises a plug-like tool;
[0122] - placing the first formed conductor wire piece around the accommodating element with the placeholder element in between so that at least part of the first formed conductor wire piece is away from the accommodating element with the first distance PL1.
[0123] In a preferred embodiment, the formed conductor wire pieces to be arranged are three-dimensional wire pieces 100 where the bridging portion 105 protrudes from the plane of the first leg 101 and the second leg 103, as shown in Fig. 1. In a further preferred embodiment, the three-dimensional formed conductor wire piece 100 has an offset bent portion in the bridging portion 105. The offset bent portion is, in particular, Z-formed, as shown in Figs. 8 and 9. Because of the offset bent portion in the bridging portion 105, a part of the bridging portion 105 in the assembly 200 is closer to the accommodating element 1300 than the other part of the bridging portion 105.
[0124] The placeholder element can be disposed between the first formed conductor wire piece 100 introduced into the arranging device 1400 and the accommodating element 1300 in arranging the first circle of the formed conductor wire pieces 100 in the assembly 200. In arranging the subsequent one or more circles of the formed conductor wire pieces, the placeholder element is disposed between the first formed conductor wire piece 100 and the circumference of the previous circle of the assembled formed conductor wire pieces, as shown in Fig. 9. In this case, the accommodating element 1300 can be regarded as including previous one or more circles of the assembled formed conductor wire pieces.
[0125] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step of changing the first distance PL1 to the second distance PL2 comprises: moving the first formed conductor wire piece away from the accommodating element, to increase the first distance PL1 of at least part of the first formed conductor wire piece from the accommodating element to the second distance. Preferably, the above step is accomplished by means of a pulling element for pulling the first formed conductor wire piece away from the accommodating element. In one example, the pulling element comprises a hook-like tool.
[0126] By use of the pulling element 1480, the basketing space is increased so as to facilitate the arrangement of the rest formed wire pieces. Furthermore, the placeholder element 1450 leaves some room between the first formed wire piece and the accommodating element 1300, which also facilitates pulling the first formed wire piece by means of the pulling element 1480. The present invention is particularly advantageous in arranging the second and further circles of the hairpins because of the placeholder element. Without the placeholder element, it would be difficult to hook up the first formed wire piece in the second or further circles.
[0127] Process step e.
[0128] In process step e. of the process for producing an assembly of a plurality of formed conductor wire pieces according to the present invention an electrical contact is provided between the first or the second end of a given formed and the first or the second end of another formed conductor wire piece. Preferably, these contacts are formed for all formed conductor wire pieces that are located within in a given ring of formed conductor wire pieces, thereby forming one or more electrically conductive windings.
[0129] After the formed conductor wire pieces have been assembled, preferably after these formed conductor wire pieces have been assembled within a cylindrical stator core in the manner described above, conductive windings are formed by electrically connecting the ends of the formed conductor wire pieces according to the desired winding scheme. For that purpose, an electrical contact is provided between the first or the second end of a given formed with the first or the second end of another formed conductor wire piece.
[0130] Before forming these contacts, the process may comprise the process step of radially separating the ends of the formed conductor wire pieces (= necking process) of to allow a better axial access to the twisting tool in the subsequent twisting step. In this necking process the ends of the formed conductor wire pieces may be radially shaped by a forming tool to create sufficient distance between them.
[0131] After this separation, the first and the second end of each formed conductor wire piece of the assembly, preferably the first end the second end of each formed conductor wire piece having the shape of a hairpin, are twisted according to the requirement of the desired winding scheme, so that the first or the second end of one formed conductor wire piece comes into close contact with the first or the second end of another formed conductor wire piece (= twisting process) . To achieve such a contact, the first leg of a given formed conductor wire piece is bonded into the direction in which the first or the second leg of the formed conductor wire piece with which the given formed conductor wire piece is to be connected and vice versa. When bending the ends of the formed conductor wire pieces in such a way, preferably an s-shaped structure of the ends is obtained. In this context it is particularly preferred that, after the formed conductor wire pieces are arranged in the cylindrical stator core, the formed conductor wire pieces are bent in such a way that two connecting ends of different hairpins represent adjacent connecting ends (see Fig. 5) . For the purposes of the invention, adjacent connection ends are understood to be two connection ends that are nearest neighbors to each other and may even be adjacent to each other, i.e. may be in mechanical contact with each other as disclosed, for example, in DE 10 2017 201 533 A1 or in DE 2019 219 683 A1.
[0132] After the formed conductor wire pieces have been bent as described above, the respective adjacent connection ends are electrically conductively connected to each other, e.g. by soldering, by welding or, which is also conceivable, by mechanical plug-in connections. It is particularly preferred to melt the surfaces of the copper ends by absorption of laser power and to then bind them together in the subsequent cooling process (Laser-welding) . If the adjacent connection ends have been connected to each other in an electrically conductive manner, they may subsequently be provided with an anti-corrosive insulation according to the invention, whereby the anti-corrosive insulation exclusively covers the connection ends.
[0133] To realize phase jumps and the winding connection, the process for producing an assembly of a plurality of formed conductor wire piece preferably comprises, as a further process step, the connection of switching elements or assemblies to the windings. This process is usually also carried out by a Laser-welding process. Examples of interconnection elements are contact rings, jumpers and terminals. A process for providing such connections is, for example, disclosed in DE 10 2018 009 206 A1.
[0134] A contribution to solving at least one of the objects according to the invention is also made by an assembly, preferably by a stator for electric machines in a hairpin construction, that is obtainable by that process.
[0135] A contribution to solving at least one of the objects according to the invention is also made by electric machines comprising a stator in a hairpin construction obtainable by the process for producing a stator for electric machines in a hairpin construction and a rotor that is located in the inner cylindrical space of the stator.
[0136] The electric machine according to the invention can also include a motor housing. The motor housing encloses the electrical machine. In particular, the stator is accommodated in the motor housing and fixed in a rotationally fixed manner relative to it. A motor housing can also accommodate the control and power electronics. The motor housing can also be part of a cooling system for the electrical machine and designed in such a way that cooling fluid is supplied via the motor housing to the electrical machine, in particular to the stator and cooling ducts present in the stator, and / or the heat is dissipated to the outside via the housing surfaces. In addition, the motor housing protects the electrical machine and any electronics that may be present from external influences. A motor housing can be formed in particular from a metallic material. Advantageously, the motor housing can be formed from a cast metal material, such as gray cast iron or cast steel. In principle, it is also conceivable to form the motor housing entirely or partially from a plastic.
[0137] A contribution to solving at least one of the objects according to the invention is also made by a device comprising moving parts driven by such an electric machine. The electric machine is intended in particular for use within a drive train of a hybrid or all-electric motor vehicle. In particular, the electric machine may be dimensioned in such a way that vehicle speeds of more than 50 km / h, preferably more than 80 km / h and in particular more than 100 km / h can be achieved. The electric machine particularly preferably has a power of more than 30 kW, preferably more than 50 kW and in particular more than 70 kW. Furthermore, it is preferred that the electric machine provides speeds greater than 5,000 rpm, particularly preferably greater than 10,000 rpm, very particularly preferably greater than 12,500 rpm.
[0138] The electrical machine can be installed in an electrically operable final drive train. An electric final drive train of a motor vehicle includes an electric machine and a transmission, the electric machine and the transmission forming a structural unit. Provision can in particular be made for the electric machine and the transmission to be arranged in a common drive train housing. Alternatively, it would of course also be possible for the electric machine to have a motor housing and the gearbox to have a gearbox housing, in which case the structural unit can then be effected by fixing the gearbox in relation to the electric machine. This structural unit is sometimes also referred to as the E-axis.
[0139] For the purposes of this application, motor vehicles are land vehicles that are moved by machine power without being tied to railroad tracks. A motor vehicle can be selected, for example, from the group of passenger cars (cars) , trucks (lorries) , mopeds, light motor vehicles, motorcycles, buses (COM) or tractors.
[0140] REFERENCE LIST 100 formed conductor wire piece, preferably formed conductor wire piece with the shape of a hairpin 101 first leg of the formed conductor wire piece 100 102 first end of the formed conductor wire piece 100 103 second leg of the formed conductor wire piece 100 104 second end of the formed conductor wire piece 100 105 bridging portion of formed conductor wire piece 100 by means of which legs 101 and 103 are connected 200 assembly of formed conductor wire pieces 100 201 plane in which the ends 102, 104 of the first and second leg 101, 103 of each formed conductor wire piece 100 are located 202 first circle of assembled formed conductor wire pieces 100 203 second circle of assembled formed conductor wire pieces 100 300 cylindrical stator core 301 outer perimeter surface 302 inner perimeter surface 303 slot 304 electrical lamination layer 305 tooth 400 stator in hairpin construction 401 connections 1300 accommodating element 1400 arranging device 1450 placeholder element 1480 pulling element 1451 extension part 1455 fixing part 1480 bent part 1485 handle part
Claims
1.A process for arranging M formed conductor wire pieces (100) around an accommodating element (1300) to obtain an annular assembly (200) of formed conductor wire pieces, wherein M is greater than 1, comprising the steps of:a) providing the M formed conductor wire pieces (100) ;b) placing a first one of the M formed conductor wire pieces (100) in such a way that a first distance (PL1) of at least a part of the first formed conductor wire piece (100) from the accommodating element (1300) is maintained;c) placing a second one of the M formed conductor wire pieces (100) to a Nth one of the M formed conductor wire pieces (100) around the accommodating element (1300) successively, wherein N is greater than 2, wherein a (N+1) th one of the M formed conductor wire pieces (100) to a Mth one of the M formed conductor wire pieces (100) overlap with the first formed conductor wire piece (100) in the assembly (200) ;d) changing the first distance (PL1) of at least part of the first formed conductor wire piece (100) from the accommodating element (1300) to a second distance (PL2) , wherein the second distance (PL2) is larger than the first distance (PL1) ; ande) placing the (N+1) th formed conductor wire piece (100) to the Mth formed conductor wire piece (100, 130) around the accommodating element (1300) successively, to complete the assembly (200) .2.The process according to claim 1, further comprising the step off) reducing the second distance (PL2) of at least part of the first formed conductor wire piece (100) from the accommodating element (1300) to a third distance (PL3) .3.The process according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the step b) comprises:b1) disposing a placeholder element (1450) at the accommodating element (1300) , wherein the placeholder element (1450) has a thickness which is equal to the first distance (PL1) ;b2) placing the first formed conductor wire piece (100) around the accommodating element (1300) with the placeholder element (1450) in between so that at least part of the first formed conductor wire piece (100) is away from the accommodating element (1300) with the first distance (PL1) .4.The process according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the step d) comprises:d1) moving the first formed conductor wire piece (100) away from the accommodating element (1300) , to increase the first distance (PL1) of the first formed conductor wire piece (100) from the accommodating element (1300) to the second distance (PL2) .5.The process according to claim 4, wherein the step d1) comprises:d11) pulling, by means of a pulling element (1480) the first formed conductor wire piece (100) away from the accommodating element (1300) .6.The process according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the step f) comprises:f1) removing the placeholder element (1450) and / or the pulling element (1480) .7.A process for producing a hairpin stator, the process comprising the steps of:i) providing a conductor wire (501) ,- wherein the conductor wire (501) has a conductor wire surface and conductor wire cross-section;- wherein the conductor wire surface is to at least 50%coated with an electrical insulation;ii) separating the conductor wire (501) to obtain a longitudinal conductor wire piece,- wherein the longitudinal conductor wire piece comprises a first end (102) and a second end (104) ;iii) forming the longitudinal conductor wire piece to a formed conductor wire piece (100) that comprises a first leg (101) with the first end (102) , a second leg (103) with the second end (104) and a bridging portion (105) that connects the first leg (101) and the second leg (103) ;iv) arranging a plurality of such formed conductor wire pieces (100, 130) relative to each other to obtain an assembly (200) of formed conductor wire pieces (100) , wherein this arrangement is accomplished in such a way that the legs (101, 103) of the formed conductor wire pieces (100) of this plurality of formed conductor wire pieces (100) are orientated in basically the same direction, wherein this arrangement is accomplished according to any one of claims 1 to 6;v) introducing the assembly (200) into a stator (300) comprising a plurality of slots (303) , each slot (303) having a first slot end (303a) and a second slot end (303b) , by introducing the legs (102, 104) of the formed conductor wire pieces (100) into the first slot end (303a) of the slots (303) of the stator (300) , wherein the ends (102, 104) of each leg (101, 103) protrude from the stator (303) at the second slot end (303b) of the slots (303) , followed by twisting of these ends (102, 104) to achieve a certain spatial arrangement of these ends (102, 104) ; andvi) providing an electrical contact between the first end (102) or the second end (104) of a given formed conductor wire piece (100) and the first end (102) or the second end (104) of another formed conductor wire piece (100) .8.An arranging device (1400) for arranging M formed conductor wire pieces (100) to obtain an assembly (200) , wherein M is greater than 1, comprising:- a placeholder element (1450) adapted and arranged to maintain a first distance (PL1) between at least part of a first one of the M formed conductor wire piece (100) introduced into the arranging device (1400) from an accommodating element (1300) ; and- a pulling element (1480) adapted and arranged to pull the first formed conductor wire piece (100) away from the accommodating element (1300) to increase the first distance (PL1) of at least part of the first formed conductor wire piece (100) from the accommodating element (1300) to a second distance (PL2) .9.The arranging device (1400) according to claim 8, wherein the placeholder element (1450) comprises:- an extension part (1451) , in particular shaped like a plug, adapted and arranged to be disposed between the first formed conductor wire piece (100) introduced into the arranging device (1400) and the accommodating element (1300) , wherein the extension part (1451) has a thickness which is equal to the first distance (PL1) ; and- a fixing part (1455) connected to the extension part (1451) , adapted and arranged to be attached to the accommodating element (1300) .10.The arranging device (1400) according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the pulling element (1480) comprises:- a bent part (1481) , in particular shaped like a hook, adapted and arranged to hook up the first formed conductor wire piece (100) introduced into the arranging device (1400) ; and- a handle part (1485) connected to the bent part (1481) , adapted and arranged to move away from the accommodating element (1300) , to increase the first distance (PL1) of at least part of the first formed conductor wire piece (100) introduced into the arranging device (1400) from the accommodating element (1300) to the second distance (PL2) .11.The arranging device (1400) according to any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein the pulling element (1480) is adapted and arranged to pull the first formed conductor wire piece (100) introduced into the arranging device (1400) away from the accommodating element (1300) , after a second one to a Nth one of the M formed conductor wire pieces (100) introduced into the arranging device (1400) are placed around the accommodating element (1300) successively, wherein N is greater than 2, wherein a (N+1) th one to a Mth one of the M formed conductor wire pieces (100) introduced into the arranging device (1400) overlap with the first formed conductor wire piece (100) in the assembly (200) .12.The arranging device (1400) according to claim 11, wherein the (N+1) th one to the Mth one of the M formed conductor wire pieces (100) introduced into the arranging device (1400) are placed around the accommodating element (1300) successively, after the first distance (PL1) of at least part of the first formed conductor wire piece (100) from the accommodating element (1300) is increased to a second distance (PL2) by the pulling element (1480) .13.The arranging device (1400) according to any one of claims 8 to 12, further comprising:- a removing element adapted and arranged to remove the placeholder element (1450) and / or the pulling element (1480) , to reduce the second distance (PL2) of at least part of the first formed conductor wire piece (100) introduced into the arranging device (1400) from the accommodating element (1300) to a third distance (PL3) .14.The arranging device (1400) according to any one of claims 8 to 13, wherein the first distance (PL1) is larger than a width (W) of the formed conductor wire piece (100) introduced into the arranging device (1400) .15.Use of the arranging device (1400) according to any of claims 8 to 14 in the process for the production of an assembly (200) of formed conductor wire piece (100) according to any of claims 1 to 6.
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