Hydrogen transfer pipe having excellent high-pressure resistance and bending characteristics

Abstract

The present invention relates to a hydrogen transfer pipe having excellent high-pressure resistance and bending characteristics. Specifically, the present invention relates to the hydrogen transfer pipe, which has excellent high-pressure resistance characteristics not to be expanded or deformed by the high pressure of transferred hydrogen, satisfies bending characteristics required for long-distance hydrogen transfer, and enables reduction in manufacturing costs and installation costs.

Description

Hydrogen transport pipe with excellent high pressure and bending characteristics

[0001] The present invention relates to a hydrogen transport pipe with excellent high-pressure resistance and bending characteristics. Specifically, the present invention relates to a hydrogen transport pipe with excellent high-pressure resistance, which does not expand or deform under the high pressure of the transported hydrogen, satisfies the bending characteristics required for long-distance hydrogen transport, and reduces manufacturing and installation costs.

[0002] Recently, due to environmental issues, there has been a growing demand for the use of hydrogen energy instead of petroleum energy. To facilitate the use of hydrogen, hydrogen charging stations and storage facilities are being installed in remote areas or cities, and methods for transporting hydrogen to these locations are required.

[0003] Previously, trailers were mostly used for long-distance transport of hydrogen, making it difficult to stably supply large quantities of hydrogen. In some cases, metal hydrogen transport pipes are being used based on hydrogen production bases, but the installation difficulty is very high, and due to the nature of metal pipes, they cannot be wound on bobbins, etc., so only short, straight pipes of less than 10 m can be transported. Therefore, there is a problem of high installation costs, such as having to connect them every 10 m on site.

[0004] Meanwhile, carbon steel is generally used as a metal pipe material for transporting city gas, etc., but when transporting hydrogen, hydrogen embrittlement, a phenomenon in which hydrogen molecules penetrate into the metal structure and gradually diffuse, lowering the ductility or tensile strength of the metal, may occur.

[0005] Furthermore, stainless steel, a material with superior hydrogen permeation barrier properties, can be considered for hydrogen transport piping to avoid or minimize hydrogen embrittlement. However, this increases the cost of piping materials. Furthermore, piping made of polymers or aluminum is being developed. However, these piping systems fail to meet all the requirements for long-distance hydrogen transport, such as a pressure resistance of 40 bar, a hydrogen permeation barrier comparable to stainless steel, and a minimum bend radius for winding onto a bobbin.

[0006] Accordingly, there is an urgent need for a hydrogen transport pipe that has excellent high-pressure characteristics that do not expand or deform under the high pressure of the transported hydrogen, satisfies the bending characteristics required for long-distance hydrogen transport, and can reduce installation costs.

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a hydrogen transport pipe that has excellent high-pressure characteristics that do not expand or deform under the high pressure of the transported hydrogen, satisfies bending characteristics required for long-distance hydrogen transport, and can reduce manufacturing and installation costs.

[0008] In order to solve the above problem, the present invention,

[0009] A hydrogen transport pipe is provided, comprising: a tube-shaped liner having a hydrogen transport path formed therein; a second reinforcing layer formed on an outer surface of the liner; and a third reinforcing layer formed on an outer surface of the second reinforcing layer, wherein the second reinforcing layer and the third reinforcing layer are formed by transverse winding of covered fiber filaments formed by coating the surfaces of fiber filaments in which a plurality of reinforcing fibers are joined with a polymer resin, and the transverse winding directions of the covered fiber filaments forming each of the second reinforcing layer and the third reinforcing layer are different from each other.

[0010] Here, a hydrogen transport pipe is provided, characterized in that the fiber filament has a tex of 440 to 16,000.

[0011] In addition, a hydrogen transport pipe is provided, characterized in that the transverse winding angle of the covered fiber filament is 45° or more and less than 90°.

[0012] Meanwhile, the polymer resin is selected from the group consisting of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), medium-density polyethylene (MDPE), linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), polypropylene (PP), ethylene-propylene rubber (EPDM), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), chloroprene rubber (CR), nitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), fluorocarbon rubber (FKM), silicone rubber, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), maleic anhydride-grafted polyolefin, ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH), and polyamide (PA11, PA12), and provides a hydrogen transport pipe.

[0013] And, the present invention provides a hydrogen transport pipe, characterized in that the reinforcing fiber includes at least one selected from the group consisting of carbon fiber, aramid fiber, glass fiber, metal fiber, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, nylon fiber, and basalt fiber.

[0014] In addition, a first reinforcing layer is additionally provided between the liner and the second reinforcing layer, and the first reinforcing layer is formed by a transverse winding of a fiber-reinforced polymer tape impregnated in a polymer resin in which reinforcing fibers are all oriented in a row in the same direction.

[0015] Here, the first reinforcing layer includes a lower reinforcing layer formed on the outer surface of the liner and an upper reinforcing layer formed on the outer surface of the lower reinforcing layer, and the transverse winding directions of fiber-reinforced polymer tapes forming each of the lower reinforcing layer and the upper reinforcing layer are different from each other, and a hydrogen transport pipe is provided.

[0016] In addition, the fiber-reinforced polymer tape provides a hydrogen transport pipe characterized in that all of the reinforcing fibers are oriented in the same direction.

[0017] And, a hydrogen transport pipe is provided, characterized in that all of the reinforcing fibers are oriented in the longitudinal direction of the fiber-reinforced polymer tape.

[0018] Furthermore, a hydrogen transport pipe is provided, characterized in that the total weight of the reinforcing fiber is 30 to 90 wt% based on the total weight of the fiber-reinforced polymer tape.

[0019] In addition, the first reinforcing layer provides a hydrogen transport pipe characterized in that the transverse winding angle of the fiber-reinforced polymer tape is 60° or more and less than 90°.

[0020] Meanwhile, a hydrogen transport pipe is provided, characterized in that it additionally includes a jacket formed on the outer surface of the third reinforcing layer.

[0021] The hydrogen transport pipe according to the present invention satisfies high pressure characteristics of 40 bar or more and sufficient bending characteristics through a reinforcing layer of new material and structure, and exhibits excellent effects that can reduce manufacturing and installation costs.

[0022] FIG. 1 schematically illustrates the structure of one embodiment of a hydrogen transport pipe according to the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 schematically illustrates how a first reinforcing layer is formed on the liner in Figure 1.

[0024] Figure 3 schematically illustrates a fiber-reinforced polymer tape forming the first reinforcing layer illustrated in Figure 2.

[0025] Figure 4 schematically illustrates the cross-sectional structure of the hydrogen transport pipe illustrated in Figure 1.

[0026] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described herein and may be embodied in other forms. Rather, the embodiments introduced herein are provided to ensure that the disclosure is thorough and complete, and to sufficiently convey the spirit of the present invention to those skilled in the art. Like reference numbers designate like elements throughout the specification.

[0027] FIG. 1 schematically illustrates the structure of one embodiment of a hydrogen transport pipe according to the present invention.

[0028] As illustrated in FIG. 1, a hydrogen transport pipe according to the present invention may include a liner (100) which is a tube-shaped pipe body having a hydrogen transport path formed therein, a first reinforcing layer (200) formed on an outer surface of the liner (100), a second reinforcing layer (300) formed on an outer surface of the first reinforcing layer (200), a third reinforcing layer (400) formed on an outer surface of the second reinforcing layer (300), a jacket (500) formed on an outer surface of the third reinforcing layer (400), etc.

[0029] Here, the first reinforcing layer (200) performs a function of uniformly distributing the pressure applied to the liner (100) and transmitting it to the second reinforcing layer (300) and the third reinforcing layer (400), and the second reinforcing layer (300) and the third reinforcing layer (400) can perform a function of improving strength and bending characteristics.

[0030] The above liner (100) may be formed in a tube shape in which a path for transporting hydrogen is formed inside, and may be formed of a metal material such as carbon steel, stainless steel, aluminum, or a plastic material, although it is not particularly limited thereto.

[0031] FIG. 2 schematically illustrates a first reinforcing layer formed on a liner in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 schematically illustrates a fiber-reinforced polymer tape forming the first reinforcing layer illustrated in FIG. 2.

[0032] As illustrated in FIG. 2, the first reinforcing layer (200) may include a lower reinforcing layer (210) that wraps the liner (100) and an upper reinforcing layer (220) that wraps the lower reinforcing layer (210), and both the lower reinforcing layer (210) and the upper reinforcing layer (220) may be formed by transverse winding of a fiber-reinforced polymer tape, but the transverse winding directions of the fiber-reinforced polymer tapes forming each of the lower reinforcing layer (210) and the upper reinforcing layer (220) are different from each other.

[0033] For example, when the fiber-reinforced polymer tape forming the lower reinforcing layer (210) is wound in the S direction, the fiber-reinforced polymer tape forming the upper reinforcing layer (220) is wound in the Z direction, and when the fiber-reinforced polymer tape forming the lower reinforcing layer (210) is wound in the Z direction, the fiber-reinforced polymer tape forming the upper reinforcing layer (220) is wound in the S direction.

[0034] In addition, the transverse winding angle (θ) of the fiber-reinforced polymer tape forming the first reinforcing layer (200), i.e., the angle at which the fiber-reinforced polymer tape is inclined with respect to the central axis of the hydrogen transport pipe, may be 60° or more and less than 90°. Here, when the transverse winding angle (θ) is less than 60°, the reinforcing characteristics of the first reinforcing layer (200) may be insufficient.

[0035] The bending characteristics of the hydrogen transport pipe can be improved by applying different transverse winding directions of the fiber-reinforced polymer tapes forming each of the lower reinforcing layer (210) and the upper reinforcing layer (220).

[0036] As shown in Fig. 3, the fiber-reinforced polymer tape forming the first reinforcing layer (200) may be formed by impregnating reinforcing fibers (202) into a polymer resin (201).

[0037] Here, the polymer resin forming the fiber-reinforced polymer tape may include at least one polymer resin selected from the group consisting of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), medium-density polyethylene (MDPE), linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), polypropylene (PP), ethylene-propylene rubber (EPDM), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), chloroprene rubber (CR), nitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), fluorocarbon rubber (FKM), silicone rubber, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), maleic anhydride-grafted polyolefin, ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH), polyamide (PA11, PA12), etc.

[0038] In addition, the reinforcing fiber impregnated in the polymer resin may include at least one reinforcing fiber selected from the group consisting of carbon fiber, aramid fiber, glass fiber, metal fiber, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, nylon fiber, basalt fiber, etc., and preferably may include aramid fiber.

[0039] Specifically, the fiber-reinforced polymer tape forming the first reinforcing layer (200) has reinforcing fibers (202) impregnated into a polymer resin (201), and in particular, the reinforcing fibers (202) are arranged in a single row, strand by strand, and can all be oriented in the same direction, for example, can be oriented in the same direction as the longitudinal direction of the fiber-reinforced polymer tape.

[0040] In addition, based on the total weight of the fiber-reinforced polymer tape, the total weight of the reinforcing fibers (202) may be 30 to 90 wt%. Here, if the total weight of the reinforcing fibers (202) is less than 30 wt%, the reinforcing performance of the first reinforcing layer (200) may be insufficient, whereas if it is more than 90 wt%, the fusion with the liner (100) may be insufficient.

[0041] In addition, heat may be applied through a heat gun or the like during the transverse winding of the fiber-reinforced polymer tape, and after the transverse winding is completed, heat may be applied through an IR heater or the like so that the polymer resin forming the fiber-reinforced polymer tape partially melts, thereby allowing it to be firmly fused to the lower liner (100).

[0042] Furthermore, the transverse winding of the fiber-reinforced polymer tape may preferably be performed as a wrap winding so as to overlap by 5% or less based on the width of the fiber-reinforced polymer tape, or may be performed as a gap winding so as to form a gap of 3 mm or less.

[0043] Here, if the overlap ratio in the above-mentioned lap winding exceeds 5%, not only may the appearance of the pipe become uneven, but also the bending characteristics of the hydrogen transport pipe may deteriorate, and if the gap in the above-mentioned gap winding exceeds 3 mm, the reinforcing characteristics of the reinforcing layer may be insufficient.

[0044] Figure 4 schematically illustrates the cross-sectional structure of the hydrogen transport pipe illustrated in Figure 1.

[0045] As illustrated in Fig. 4, the second reinforcing layer (300) and the third reinforcing layer (400) can be formed by the transverse winding of covered fiber filaments. The covered fiber filaments can be formed by coating the surface of fiber filaments (301, 401) formed by combining a plurality of reinforcing fibers with a polymer resin (302, 402).

[0046] Here, the polymer resin and the reinforcing fiber may be the same as or different from the polymer resin and reinforcing fiber forming the fiber-reinforced polymer tape forming the first reinforcing layer (200), respectively.

[0047]

[0048] *In addition, the transverse winding directions of the covered fiber filaments forming each of the second reinforcing layer (300) and the third reinforcing layer (400) are different from each other. As a result, the bending characteristics of the hydrogen transport pipe can be improved.

[0049] For example, when the covered fiber filament forming the second reinforcing layer (300) is wound in the S direction, the covered fiber filament forming the third reinforcing layer (400) is wound in the Z direction, and when the covered fiber filament forming the second reinforcing layer (300) is wound in the Z direction, the covered fiber filament forming the third reinforcing layer (400) is wound in the S direction.

[0050] In addition, the transverse winding angle (θ) of the covered fiber filament forming the second reinforcing layer (300), i.e., the angle at which the covered fiber filament is inclined with respect to the central axis of the hydrogen transport pipe, may be 45° or more and less than 90°. Here, when the transverse winding angle (θ) is less than 45°, the reinforcing characteristics of the second reinforcing layer (300) may be insufficient.

[0051] For example, the fiber filament may have a tex of 440 to 16,000. Here, tex refers to the number of grams of fiber filament with a length of 1 km. Assuming that the total weight of the fibers impregnated in the polymer resin is the same, if the tex of the fiber filament (301, 401) is less than 440, the strength is improved but the flexibility may fall short of the standard, whereas if the tex of the fiber filament (301, 401) is more than 16,000, the flexibility is improved but the strength may fall short of the standard.

[0052] In addition, the content of reinforcing fibers in the covered fiber filaments may be 30 to 90 wt% based on the total weight. Here, if the content of the reinforcing fibers (301, 401) is less than 30 wt%, the reinforcing performance of the reinforcing layer (300, 400) may be insufficient, whereas if it is more than 90 wt%, the fusion with the liner (100) or the first reinforcing layer (200) may be insufficient.

[0053] Accordingly, the hydrogen transport pipe according to the present invention is formed of a covered fiber filament instead of a fiber-reinforced polymer tape as in the first reinforcing layer (200), thereby maintaining high pressure characteristics while further improving bending characteristics. In addition, the heat treatment processing time for heat fusion can be significantly reduced compared to the fiber-reinforced polymer tape, thereby improving yield and consequently reducing manufacturing costs.

[0054] Meanwhile, the jacket (500) may be made of a material having a melting point of 50°C or higher, preferably 70°C or higher, such as high-density polyethylene (HDPE), medium-density polyethylene (MDPE), linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), ethylene acetic acid (EEA), polyolefin elastomer (POE), thermoplastic polyethylene (TPE), etc.

[0055] Here, if the melting point of the above-mentioned sheath layer is less than 50°C, the heat resistance is low, which may cause the sheath layer to deteriorate or lose its shape when used for a long period of time. In addition, the brittle temperature of the above-mentioned sheath layer may be -5°C or lower, preferably -10°C or lower, thereby providing excellent cold resistance. Here, if the brittle temperature of the above-mentioned sheath layer exceeds -5°C, cracks may occur in the above-mentioned sheath layer in cold environments such as winter.

[0056] The above brittleness temperature can be measured by the following mathematical formula 1 in accordance with the standard ASTM D746.

[0057] [Mathematical Formula 1]

[0058]

[0059] In the above mathematical expression 1, T b is the brittleness temperature, T h is the highest temperature at which the specimen is destroyed during the cold resistance evaluation test, △T is the temperature change during the cold resistance evaluation test, and S is the sum of the percentages of samples destroyed at each test temperature.

[0060] The hydrogen transport pipe according to the present invention can realize high pressure characteristics of 40 bar or more and sufficient bending characteristics by combining the second and third reinforcing layers described above and optionally additionally applying a first reinforcing layer, and furthermore, manufacturing and installation costs can be reduced.

[0061] The hydrogen transport pipe according to the present invention may additionally include a hydrogen barrier layer (not shown), and the hydrogen barrier layer may additionally be provided directly above the liner (100).

[0062] Specifically, the hydrogen barrier layer has a hydrogen permeability coefficient of 5 cm at 25°C and 1.5 bar. 3 ·cm / (m 2·24 hr·atm) or less, for example, a single layer or multiple layers made of a polymer material such as ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH) or a metal material such as aluminum or copper.

[0063] Here, the hydrogen permeability of all layers included in the hydrogen barrier layer is 5 cm 3 ·cm / (m 2 ·24 hr·atm) exceeds, the hydrogen blocking performance for long-distance hydrogen transport cannot be satisfied, or in order to satisfy the hydrogen blocking performance, the pipe thickness increases, which reduces the flexibility and bendability of the pipe.

[0064] While this specification has described preferred embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the claims below. Therefore, any modified implementation that fundamentally includes the elements of the claims should be considered within the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. As a hydrogen transport pipe, A tube-shaped liner having a hydrogen transport path formed inside; A second reinforcing layer formed on the outer surface of the liner; and Including a third reinforcing layer formed on the outer surface of the second reinforcing layer, The second reinforcing layer and the third reinforcing layer are formed by the transverse winding of covered fiber filaments made by coating the surface of fiber filaments in which a plurality of reinforcing fibers are combined with a polymer resin. A hydrogen transport pipe, wherein the transverse winding directions of the covered fiber filaments forming each of the second reinforcing layer and the third reinforcing layer are different from each other.

2. In paragraph 1, A hydrogen transport pipe, characterized in that the above fiber filament has a tex of 440 to 16,000.

3. In paragraph 2, A hydrogen transport pipe characterized in that the transverse winding angle of the above-mentioned covered fiber filaments is 45° or more and less than 90°.

4. In any one of paragraphs 1 to 3, A hydrogen transport pipe, characterized in that the polymer resin comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), medium-density polyethylene (MDPE), linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), polypropylene (PP), ethylene-propylene rubber (EPDM), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), chloroprene rubber (CR), nitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), fluorocarbon rubber (FKM), silicone rubber, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), maleic anhydride-grafted polyolefin, ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH), and polyamide (PA11, PA12).

5. In any one of paragraphs 1 to 3, A hydrogen transport pipe, characterized in that the reinforcing fiber comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of carbon fiber, aramid fiber, glass fiber, metal fiber, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, nylon fiber, and basalt fiber.

6. In any one of paragraphs 1 to 3, A first reinforcing layer is additionally provided between the liner and the second reinforcing layer, A hydrogen transport pipe characterized in that the first reinforcing layer is formed by a transverse winding of a fiber-reinforced polymer tape impregnated in a polymer resin in which reinforcing fibers are all oriented in a row in the same direction.

7. In paragraph 6, The first reinforcing layer includes a lower reinforcing layer formed on the outer surface of the liner and an upper reinforcing layer formed on the outer surface of the lower reinforcing layer, A hydrogen transport pipe characterized in that the transverse winding directions of the fiber-reinforced polymer tapes forming each of the lower reinforcing layer and the upper reinforcing layer are different from each other.

8. In paragraph 6, A hydrogen transport pipe, wherein the fiber-reinforced polymer tape is characterized in that all of the reinforcing fibers are oriented in the same direction.

9. In paragraph 6, A hydrogen transport pipe, characterized in that all of the reinforcing fibers are oriented in the longitudinal direction of the fiber-reinforced polymer tape.

10. In paragraph 6, A hydrogen transport pipe, characterized in that the total weight of the reinforcing fiber is 30 to 90 wt% based on the total weight of the fiber-reinforced polymer tape.

11. In paragraph 6, A hydrogen transport pipe, characterized in that the first reinforcing layer has a transverse winding angle of the fiber-reinforced polymer tape of 60° or more and less than 90°.

12. In any one of paragraphs 1 to 3, A hydrogen transport pipe characterized in that it additionally includes a jacket formed on the outer surface of the third reinforcing layer.

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