Propulsion system with useful half centrifugal pushes, driven by a shaft with non uniform rotation

Abstract

The application is based on a known principle that even Isaac Newton could not claim today: "the reaction thrust can occur along its own axis of rotation." The invention concerns a mechanism that uses a uniform rotation motor, connected to an arm of a universal joint that is opened at 45 degrees, so the other arm receives two variations of speed for each revolution. This motion is transferred through toothed pulleys, where a smaller pulley receives only one variation of speed per revolution; then, on its shaft, a disc with a weight is inserted to generate centrifugal thrust that attempts to move the mechanism in the direction where the weight is moving faster. Since the weight works on a different plane compared to the plane of the first shaft, which has the reaction centrifugal thrust, the two forces cannot cancel each other out.

Description

[0001] DESCRIPTION of the invention titled:

[0002] PROPULSION SYSTEM WITH USEFUL HALF CENTRIFUGAL PUSHES, DRIVEN BY A SHAFT WITH NON UNIFORM ROTATION

[0003] Field of the invention:

[0004] It is well known that when shooting with a rifle, the bullet receives a thrust, while the rifle receives the reaction thrust to the previous thrust, which is of equal power and direction but in the opposite direction. This means that the action thrust and the reaction thrust cannot be applied to just one object, that is, to either the rifle or the bullet alone.

[0005] Similarly, if there are two wheels mounted on the two arms of a universal joint, which is open at about a 45-degree angle, and during rotation one wheel receives a thrust, it is logical that the reaction to that thrust cannot go to the same wheel but will instead go to the other wheel. However, since during rotation, the centrifugal thrust, whether it's an action thrust or a reaction thrust, can only work along its own circumference, and in this case, since the two circumferences do not work on the same plane but on different planes, it is logical that the two thrusts cannot cancel each other out, or at least cannot completely cancel each other out.

[0006] Similarly, when a driving wheel with a flywheel rotates with uniform speed and a second wheel is positioned with its center of rotation slightly offset from the first wheel's center, if the two wheels communicate with each other via a rod, which could be called a "rotating connecting rod" and is positioned towards the periphery of their circumferences, when the first wheel rotates, the second wheel will rotate with non-uniform speed. Therefore, the second wheel will receive a thrust, while the first wheel will receive the reaction.

[0007] Looking at the rotation of the two wheels from the front, the second wheel has been slightly shifted to the right and both wheels rotate clockwise. Starting with the rotating connecting rod on the left, when the first wheel completes the first half turn to the right, it pushes the second wheel, increasing its speed due to the received push, but from the upper side and therefore to the right.

[0008] One can imagine that if any wheel that is stationary receives a push on its circumference from the top towards the right, it is logical that its shaft, on which it is mounted, will also be affected by the push towards the right, and therefore, the entire mechanism on which it is mounted will receive a push towards the right.

[0009] Instead, the first wheel loses power, but from the side that is working, which is towards the right, meaning that on the opposite side, which is towards the left, it has more energy. Therefore, this extra energy pushes the shaft of rotation towards the left and slightly pushes the entire mechanism in which it is mounted; in other words, this second push is the reaction to the previous push, so it is in the same direction but opposite to the first push. It is proportional to the work done to increase the speed of the second wheel.

[0010] During the second half turn, through the rotating connecting rod that continues the rotation and moves to the left, the second wheel loses its extra speed on the side that is working to the first wheel. Logically, on the opposite side, it retains more energy, so the shaft and the mechanism on which they are mounted receive a second push towards the right. At this point, the push received for a full turn of rotation is complete. Meanwhile, during the second half turn, the driving wheel gains the extra speed from the second wheel, but from the side that is working, which is towards the left. Therefore, the mechanism receives a second half push of reaction in the same direction as the first one, which is to the left.

[0011] In practice, for each turn, two half pushes are obtained towards the right on the second wheel, and two half reaction pushes are obtained towards the left on the first wheel, of equal power but opposite directions. Thus, the first two half pushes are canceled out by the two half reaction pushes. This happens for each turn. All as the law states, that for every push there is an equal and opposite reaction push, logically, based on the work the continuously rotating wheel must do.

[0012] Since it is well known that reaction forces cannot work along their own axis of rotation, it would have been easy to create centrifugal forces from the side of the non-continuous rotation, starting from the shaft of the second wheel. With a bevel gear or in some other way, this non-continuous rotation could be transferred to a third shaft, making it work at a quarter turn of the first shaft.

[0013] Then, on this last shaft, a disc could be mounted with a weight at a point on its perimeter, ensuring that the faster rotation corresponds to the direction of the axis of rotation of the first shaft, i.e., the shaft that has the reaction. In this way, the unidirectional centrifugal forces cannot be canceled out by the reaction of the first shaft.

[0014] However, that was not the case, because it was necessary to have the idea, which came to us naturally with the concept of the universal joint. Thanks to the universal joint, we discovered that centrifugal forces can work even if deviated, and that they can be deflected in all directions and in all possible ways.

[0015] Description of the existing technique:

[0016] Currently, to move any object, it is necessary to push the object in some way, so a support point is required in which to rest in order to push the object from the opposite side.

[0017] Purpose and summary of the invention:

[0018] The present invention is a mechanism that can effectively replace the previous technique used for moving objects, because with this invention, the propulsion force is generated within the mechanism itself and does not require a support point.

[0019] Brief description of the drawing: The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the attached drawing, provided purely as a non-limiting example, in which it schematically shows a first embodiment of a propulsion mechanism with useful half centrifugal pushes, driven by a shaft with non-uniform rotation.

[0020] Detailed description of one embodiment of the invention:

[0021] It should be clarified that there is no special invention; we have only invented how to build a mechanism that uses the well-known principle: "centrifugal force and reaction force never work along their own axis of rotation."

[0022] With reference to the drawing, the mechanism of the kinematics is shown, where 1) indicates a shaft of the universal joint that is connected to the driving shaft of a motor, which is not visible in the figure and operates with uniform rotational motion; 2) indicates the universal joint that receives the uniform rotational motion from the motor and becomes non-uniform rotational motion, with two speed variations for each turn at the second shaft; this second shaft of the universal joint is connected to the rotating shaft 3).

[0023] Then, the rotation is taken by the toothed pulley 4), which is twice the size of the toothed pulley 5). Therefore, with a toothed belt, which is not visible in the figure, the pulley 5) receives double the number of turns and also the two speed variations for each turn. As a result, pulley 5) will have one speed variation for each turn, so the shaft 6), the disc 7), and the weight 8) will also have one speed variation for each turn.

[0024] To better explain the construction of the kinematics, one can start with the motor, which should be of suitable size, place the motor on a base with its shaft directed to the right, connect the motor's shaft to a shaft of the universal joint, and then connect the other shaft of the universal joint to the first rotating shaft 3). The shaft 3) should be mounted on the base with two bearings and bearing supports, ensuring that the rotating shaft indicated by 1) and the shaft indicated by 3) have an angle sufficient to achieve the required speed difference. The second shaft 6) must be mounted on the same base, with two bearings and bearing supports, ensuring that it is parallel to the shaft 3). Then, connect them with a toothed belt, which is not visible in the figure.

[0025] The motor's rotation, which is uniform, becomes non-uniform when it passes through the universal joint on shaft 3), with two speed variations for each turn.

[0026] Thus, through the toothed pulleys of different sizes, for each turn of shaft 3), there are two turns on shaft 6). Therefore, the two variations that were on shaft 3) become two variations on shaft 6), but with only one variation for each turn.

[0027] On the second shaft 6), a disc should be mounted so that a weight can be inserted on its peripheral part, keeping in mind that the weight will push in the direction where it is at its maximum speed. Logically, the centrifugal forces of the weight are free to activate the movement of the kinematics and the objects in which the kinematics is mounted.

[0028] For each turn of the rotating weight, there will be a push from only one side, while for each turn of the driving shaft, there are two reaction forces, since it rotates at half the speed compared to the shaft with the weight. Care must be taken to direct the unidirectional centrifugal forces in the most favorable direction, keeping in mind the reaction forces.

[0029] A constant velocity joint could be added to shaft 6), or another method could be used to have another shaft at a quarter turn of shaft 1), so that in this case, the disc and the weight mounted on this shaft push in the direction of the axis of rotation of the first shaft during rotation.

[0030] If no better option is found, a simpler approach could be tested, starting with a three-phase motor, 2800 rpm, 220 / 380V, 2 HP, to be mounted directly on a base with the shaft facing to the right, which must have a flywheel mounted. The flywheel should have two cylinders mounted on its periphery at a halfturn distance, so that the respective rotating connecting rods can be mounted. In this way, the driving shaft, including the flywheel, will work with two shafts with a half-turn offset, so the reaction force, instead of being pulsating, becomes almost uniform. Indeed, while one rotating connecting rod starts from a minimum of reaction and goes to a maximum, the other, simultaneously, starts from a maximum of reaction and goes to a minimum.

[0031] The rotating connecting rod is made from a flat iron bar with two bearings placed approximately 1 cm apart. After marking the outer part and creating the seat, the bearings are inserted from the same side, where they meet a stop, and then can be secured by a ring or other means.

[0032] Now, it is necessary to create a block to arrange two concentric shafts. The inner shaft can be supported on roller bearings, with the rest as small as possible, and also on roller bearings, to make everything more compact; ideally, it should be a single piece mounted on a base, like the electric motor. These concentric shafts must operate with their axis of rotation parallel to that of the flywheel, at the same height but shifted by at least one centimeter, regardless of which side.

[0033] On the left side, a small wheel should be placed on the inner shaft, with enough space for a securely attached extension, which at its end will have a small cylinder to insert the bearing for the rotating connecting rod. On the opposite side of the extension, a shorter extension is required to act as a counterweight, also considering half the weight of the rotating connecting rod.

[0034] On the outer concentric shaft, which extends slightly from the bearings, a collar should be made on this extension for a small wheel, which should function similarly to the inner shaft. Naturally, it will be connected to the other rotating connecting rod and must also have a shorter extension as a counterweight.

[0035] On the right side, the two concentric shafts should each have a small fixed wheel to allow a rod to be connected at its end with a weight. As much as possible, the majority of the rod should be functional, and at least the weight should be on the same circumference to soften the vibrations. It is very important that the two weights rotate alternately, with the faster part moving in a direction shifted by a quarter turn from the rotation axis of the two shafts; that is, there is a quarter turn between the action push and the reaction push, regardless of which side.

[0036] To ensure that the flywheel operates the same way, regardless of the position of the weights, meaning to avoid being disturbed by the possible difference in gravitational force of the weights, it's better to rotate the whole system and position it so that the rotating shafts work vertically. It might be a good idea to have the weights work beyond the base of support to allow the rods of these weights to be long enough for better efficiency, and also to give the appearance of a flying disk.

[0037] Industrial Applicability of the Invention:

[0038] The invention of the present mechanism is very important because the propulsion system operates within its own mechanism, and the propulsion occurs in all machines in which it is mounted.

[0039] Another simple way to construct the mechanism consists of mounting a motor on a base, with the shaft directed to the right, which should have a flywheel mounted on it. This flywheel, at a radius of 10 centimeters from its axis of rotation, should have two holes diametrically opposite for inserting two small cylinders, on which one side of the rotating connecting rod will be mounted.

[0040] The rotating connecting rod consists of a flat metal bar on which two bearings are placed, leaving about 1 centimeter or slightly less between them. The external part of the bearings should be marked, and a seat should be made to insert the two bearings.

[0041] Since the flywheel has two rotating connecting rods arranged diametrically opposite, the reaction of the flywheel's operation, instead of being pulsating, becomes almost uniform. Indeed, while on one side the reaction starts from a minimum and gradually increases, on the other side, simultaneously, the reaction starts from a maximum and gradually decreases.

[0042] Now, on the right side of the base, prepare two bearing housings with the corresponding bearings to insert a rotating shaft that only extends from the left side, facing the flywheel. The whole system should be mounted on an elevated platform, so that the axis of rotation of this shaft is at the same height as the rotation axis of the motor's shaft.

[0043] On this shaft, which extends toward the left, a bearing should be mounted right at the edge of the extension, and it should be surrounded by a metal part. This metal part has an extension on one side, which at a distance of 10 centimeters should extend a small cylinder. This cylinder must be at the same distance from its rotation axis as the cylinders on the flywheel are from their rotation axis. The extension must be another 10 centimeters long to firmly mount a weight.

[0044] On the same rotating shaft, right next to the extension already mounted with the weight, a cylindrical iron part should be inserted and securely attached to the rotating shaft using the bearings. In fact, it rotates using the bearings mounted on the shaft. From this iron part, a second extension should begin, similar to the first one, and perform the same function. Therefore, at a distance of 10 centimeters, it should have a cylinder for the bearing of the other rotating connecting rod, and at another 10 centimeters, it should firmly hold the weight.

[0045] To smooth out the vibrations, it is very important that the weights rotate on the same circumference. Therefore, the second extension must rotate as much as possible on the same circumference. For this reason, instead of being straight, it should be curved and counter-curved, so that it rotates as closely as possible to the same circumference as the first extension.

[0046] Once everything is mounted, adjust this second part of the mechanism with its axis of rotation slightly offset by about 10 millimeters in relation to the flywheel's shaft. This second part of the mechanism should be mounted on the same base, regardless of whether it is shifted to one side or the other.

[0047] The weight, positioned farther from the rotating connecting rod, is necessary so that even after the first half turn, the shaft with the weight receives the action push, just as the flywheel receives the reaction push. Later, the shaft, with its centrifugal force, continues to receive the action push. The system, arranged in this way, appears to be well balanced with only the necessary vibrations.

[0048] To ensure that the flywheel operates the same way regardless of the position of the weights, meaning it is not disturbed by any possible difference in the gravitational force on the weights, it is better to rotate the entire system and arrange it so that the rotating shafts work vertically.

[0049] THE BEST WAY TO BUILD A GOOD MECHANISM WOULD BE: start with a driving shaft onto which a flywheel is mounted. Then, three small cylinders are inserted into the flywheel for the three respective rotating connecting rods. The three cylinders should be positioned at the three corners of an equilateral triangle.

[0050] In the direction of the driving shaft, build the necessary components to allow the rotation of two concentric shafts, with the rotation axis slightly offset from the rotation axis of the driving shaft. These concentric shafts should only extend from the side facing the flywheel, with the inner shaft extending at least twice as far as the outer shaft.

[0051] On the outermost part of the inner shaft, one or two close bearings are mounted. On these bearings, a metal part should be arranged with a rod extending from both sides. On one side, the rod should be long enough to insert a cylinder at the right distance so it can be connected to one of the three rotating connecting rods. On the opposite side, it is preferable for the rod to be longer, even extending past the flywheel's small cylinders, which should be positioned to make sure the rotating rods are slightly distanced from the flywheel. This way, there is more free space for the rod, and the weight is fixed further out from the small cylinders.

[0052] Observing the flywheel during rotation, it takes the reaction of the work it performs. Therefore, its work will be maximal when the speed of the counterpart (the weight) is at its maximum. The reaction will be in the same direction and towards where the weight rotates at its highest speed. Thus, the flywheel will generate the reaction based on the work it performs to give a speed va- nation to the counterpart, regardless of the shape of the weights on the counterpart. It can be deduced that if the action and reaction forces are of equal power and direction, but in opposite directions, the centrifugal force of the weight, which unbeknownst to the flywheel is in the same direction and even in the same sense as the reaction force, will add a push that works on the mechanism.

[0053] Now, the other two rotating connecting rods should be used. Therefore, suitable collars should be placed on the protrusions of the two shafts. On each collar, an arm should be mounted as described before, with the only difference being that, to reach the rotating connecting rod, an extension for the corresponding small cylinder should be added.

[0054] It is very important to calculate the distance between the flywheel's axis of rotation and the axes of the two concentric shafts so that the movement of the rods with the weights is free. As for the weight size, its distance from the center of rotation, and the number of revolutions, all these parameters should be determined based on the specific requirements. It is definitely better if the rotating shafts work vertically.

[0055] One variation could be to have the flywheel with at least three equidistant small cylinders for the respective rotating connecting rods. In this case, one end of a rod is connected to a concentric shaft, with the important detail that its axis of rotation is offset by about two centimeters from the flywheel's axis of rotation.

[0056] The distance between the flywheel's axis of rotation and its small cylinder must be accounted for on the rod, with the distance from the rotation axis of the concentric shaft and its small cylinder, which will be connected to the previous rotating connecting rod. As expected, the rod will be much longer, and at its end, the weight will be positioned. Instead of the concentric shaft, a fixed non-rotating shaft can also be used, but for rotation, each rod must have its own bearings.

[0057] In this case, the additional centrifugal force will be on the opposite side of the reaction force, but ideally, a simple way to vary the distance between the flywheel's rotation axis and the rotation axis of the rods containing the weights could be found, even during operation. As for the weight size and its distance from the center of rotation, these must be decided beforehand based on the specific requirements. It is definitely better to have the rotating shafts work vertically.

Claims

CLAIMS1. Propulsion system with useful half centrifugal thrusts driven by a shaft with non-uniform rotation, consisting of a motor to which a universal joint is attached to achieve non-continuous rotational motion. The rotational speed will then be halved to reduce the double variation of the universal joint. This non- uniform speed will rotate a disc with a weight to produce half a centrifugal thrust for each rotation of the said shaft. The system is characterized in that a universal joint is inserted into the driving shaft, which communicates with a first shaft of the system. The axis of rotation of the first shaft and the axis of rotation of the driving shaft should not be aligned on the same straight line, but should have an angle between them to obtain a variation suitable for better system operation. The rotation of the aforementioned first shaft of the system must transfer to the second shaft of the system in such a way that the speed is halved. Consequently, the two speed variations produced by the universal joint will also be halved, so that there will be only one speed variation per revolution. In fact, the second shaft of the system will rotate with only one variation per revolution. A disc should be placed on this second shaft in such a way that a weight can easily be attached to its periphery. This weight will produce the half centrifugal thrusts for the propulsion of the system.

2. Propulsion system with useful half centrifugal thrusts driven by a shaft with non-uniform rotation, according to the previous claim, as claimed in claim 1 that the rotation of the first shaft can be transferred to the second shaft in any way, while still remaining within the scope of the present invention.

3. Propulsion system with useful half centrifugal thrusts driven by a shaft with non-uniform rotation, according to the previous claims, as claimed in claim 1 that the non-uniform speed within the same revolution can be obtained in any way on any wheel of the mechanism, provided that it is on a plane different from that of the wheel used to generate the half centrifugal thrust, and always remaining within the scope of the present invention.

4. Propulsion system with useful half centrifugal thrusts driven by a shaft with non-uniform rotation, according to the previous claims, characterized by the fact that for the proper functioning of the mechanism, a rotating shaft with non-uniform speed within a single revolution is required, and that this speed variation can be obtained in any way, while always remaining within the scope of the present invention.

5. Propulsion system with useful half centrifugal thrusts driven by a shaft with non-uniform rotation, according to the previous claims and as explained in the description and illustrated in the drawing.

6. Propulsion system with semi-thrust centrifugal useful forces driven by a shaft with non-uniform rotation, according to the previous claims, characterized by the fact that the unidirectional thrust can be directed in any direction, including along the axis of rotation of the shaft, which has the reaction and therefore cannot oppose the unidirectional thrust, always remaining within the scope of the present invention.

7. Propulsion system with semi-thrust centrifugal useful forces driven by a shaft with non-uniform rotation, according to the previous claims, characterized by the fact that the reaction thrust of a rotating shaft is proportional to the work it performs, regardless of how the counterpart uses the received work, always remaining within the scope of the present invention.

8. Propulsion system with semi-thrust centrifugal useful forces driven by a shaft with non-uniform rotation, according to the previous claims, characterized by the fact that, when action and reaction forces are generated in a mechanism, additional unidirectional thrusts can also be obtained without affecting the work of the previous reaction, but depending on the shape of the part of the mechanism that receives the action forces, always remaining within the scope of the present invention.

9. Propulsion system with useful half-centrifugal thrusts driven by a shaft with non-uniform rotation, according to the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that said non-uniformly rotating wheel can transmit its non-uniform rotation to other shafts in such a way as to obtain useful unidirectional thrusts, always remaining within the scope of the present invention.

10. Propulsion system with useful half-centrifugal thrusts driven by a shaft with non-uniform rotation, according to the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that one or more rotating parts receiving rotational thrusts, with non-uniform rotation within the same revolution, can use the thrusts they receive in any way, always remaining within the scope of the present invention.

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