Vehicle window glass, design method therefor, and vehicle window assembly

Abstract

Vehicle window glass, a design method therefor, and a vehicle window assembly, relating to the field of vehicle window glass. A vehicle window assembly (1100) comprises vehicle window glass (100) and at least one optical sensor (200). The vehicle window glass (100) comprises at least one signal acquisition area (101), wherein the at least one signal acquisition area (101) has a wedge shape having an upper side edge thickness greater than a lower side edge thickness when the vehicle window glass (100) is mounted on a vehicle (1000); and the optical sensor (200) can receive an optical signal passing through the signal acquisition area (101), and the at least one signal acquisition area (101) has a first wedge angle δ1. The vehicle window glass (100) can be better adapted to the optical sensor (200), so that when acquiring image data by means of the signal acquisition area (101) of the vehicle window glass (100), the optical sensor (200) is affected by secondary image deviation as little as possible, thereby further improving the accuracy of the image data.

Description

Vehicle window glass, design method thereof, and vehicle window assembly

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application No. 2024104562444, filed on April 16, 2024, and entitled “Vehicle window glass, design method thereof, and vehicle window assembly”, the entire content of which is incorporated herein by reference. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to the field of automotive vehicle window glass, and in particular to a vehicle window glass, a design method thereof, and a vehicle window assembly. BACKGROUND

[0003] In order to realize the functions of advanced driver assistance system (ADAS) and even autonomous driving, optical sensors such as visible light camera, infrared camera, millimeter wave radar, laser radar and ultrasonic radar are usually mounted in the vehicle near the top of the front windshield glass. For the visible light camera, the light from the object outside the vehicle needs to pass through the front windshield glass before being received by the visible light camera. Specifically, the light from the object outside the vehicle is refracted from the outer surface of the front windshield glass into the interior of the front windshield glass, part of the light is directly refracted from the inner surface of the front windshield glass to form the main light received by the visible light camera, the main light forms the main image captured by the visible light camera, and the other part of the light is refracted after being reflected by the inner and outer surfaces of the front windshield glass to form the secondary light received by the visible light camera, the secondary light forms the secondary image (or called “double image”) captured by the visible light camera, and the angle between the main light and the secondary light is called the secondary image deviation angle. In some driving scenarios, such as strong contrast light outside the vehicle, especially traffic lights, street lamps and electronic signs at night, the visible light camera will capture a clear secondary image deviation, which will interfere with image recognition and driving safety.

[0004] In order to suppress the secondary image deviation, the prior art usually makes the front windshield glass have a fixed angle wedge angle, so as to reduce the degree of separation of the secondary light. The detection method of the secondary image deviation angle has detailed requirements and detection instructions in the regulatory standards ECE R43, GB9656 and its test methods, and has been used by the industry. For example, the background art of patent CN101888927B introduces the method of “Doppelbilder als The double images as interfering optical errors in windshields” can calculate the secondary image deviation angle and the corresponding wedge angle.

[0005] The calculation formula of the secondary image deviation angle is as follows:

[0006] Wherein, η is the secondary image deviation angle, n is the refractive index of the glass, t is the thickness of the glass plate, R c is the radius of curvature of the glass plate at the position of the incident light, and is the incident angle of the light relative to the vertical direction of the glass plate.

[0007] The calculation formula of the wedge angle required to eliminate the secondary image deviation is as follows:

[0008] Wherein, δ is the wedge angle required to eliminate the secondary image deviation.

[0009] The above-mentioned regulatory standards and calculation formulas assume that a bright point (light source) at infinity illuminates the glass medium, and the included angle between the chief ray and its secondary ray is measured, which is mainly used for human eye observation of scenes far away from the outside world, and the requirement value is generally relatively loose, such as the maximum value of the secondary image deviation in the expanded A zone is 15' and the maximum value of the secondary image deviation in the reduced B zone is 25' in ECE R43 and GB9656. These requirement values obviously cannot meet the use requirements of visible light cameras, especially cannot meet the more stringent requirements of high-definition cameras. If the secondary image deviation angle and the wedge angle required to eliminate the secondary image deviation are calculated according to the above-mentioned regulatory standards and formulas, it is equivalent to defaulting the distance between the visible light camera and the object being photographed to be infinite, which is inconsistent with the actual application scene, so the secondary image deviation phenomenon still exists, which may further lead to misidentification, misjudgment and even affect the driving safety in some special scenes. SUMMARY

[0010] In view of the above problems, the present application provides a vehicle window glass, a design method thereof and a vehicle window assembly, which reduces the influence of secondary image deviation on image data obtained by an optical sensor, improves the accuracy of the image data, and the optical sensor further realizes advanced auxiliary driving or automatic driving functions according to the image data, thereby improving the safety and intelligent level of the vehicle.

[0011] In a first aspect, the present application provides a vehicle window glass, characterized in that the vehicle window glass is applied to a vehicle, and at least one optical sensor is installed in the interior of the vehicle.

[0012] The vehicle window glass comprises at least one signal collection area, the at least one signal collection area has a wedge shape with an upper side thickness greater than a lower side thickness when the vehicle window glass is installed on a vehicle, the optical sensor can receive a light signal from a target object passing through the signal collection area, the at least one signal collection area has a first wedge angle δ1, and the first wedge angle δ1 satisfies:

[0013] Wherein, t1 is the thickness of the vehicle window glass of the signal collection area, R1 is the longitudinal curvature radius of the vehicle window glass of the signal collection area, n1 is the refractive index of the vehicle window glass, D is the calibration collection distance of the optical sensor, D = 5m ~ 160m, is the included angle between the line connecting the target object located at the calibration collection distance and the optical sensor and the normal line of the signal collection area.

[0014] It can be seen that the signal collection area of the vehicle window glass has a wedge shape with an upper side thickness greater than a lower side thickness, and the wedge angle value of the wedge shape is the first wedge angle, which is calculated according to the thickness of the vehicle window glass, the longitudinal curvature radius of the vehicle window glass, the included angle between the line connecting the target object located at the calibration collection distance and the optical sensor and the normal line of the signal collection area, the refractive index of the vehicle window glass, and the calibration collection distance of the corresponding optical sensor. The vehicle window glass provided in the application can better adapt to the optical sensor, so that the optical sensor is less affected by the parallax deviation when collecting image data through the signal collection area of the vehicle window glass, and the accuracy of the image data is further improved.

[0015] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the vehicle window glass comprises an outer glass plate, an intermediate bonding layer and an inner glass plate, the outer glass plate has a first surface and a second surface arranged oppositely, the inner glass plate has a third surface and a fourth surface arranged oppositely, the intermediate bonding layer is arranged between the second surface and the third surface, the thickness of the outer glass plate is 1.6mm ~ 4mm, the thickness of the intermediate bonding layer is 0.38mm ~ 2.28mm, and the thickness of the inner glass plate is 0.7mm ~ 2.5mm.

[0016] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the first wedge angle δ1 is constant or continuously and monotonically decreases from the lower side to the upper side.

[0017] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, when R1 is 500mm ≤ R1 < 2000mm, δ1 is 0.65mrad ≤ δ1 ≤ 2.83mrad; or when R1 is 2000mm ≤ R1 ≤ 8000mm, δ1 is 0.17mrad ≤ δ1 ≤ 0.7mrad; or when R1 is R1 > 8000mm, δ1 is 0.1mrad ≤ δ1 ≤ 0.35mrad.

[0018] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the longitudinal radius of curvature R1 of the windshield glass in the signal collection area monotonically changes, and the change rate of the longitudinal radius of curvature R1 is -10% to +10%, or -5% to +5%.

[0019] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the signal collection area makes the deviation angle of the sub-image of the image data collected by the optical sensor less than or equal to 5.0 arcmin.

[0020] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, each signal collection area is used for an optical sensor to collect image data, and the first wedge angle δ1 is calculated according to the calibrated collection distance D of the optical sensor.

[0021] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, each signal collection area is used for at least two optical sensors to collect image data, and the first wedge angle δ1 is calculated according to the calibrated collection distance D of one of the optical sensors.

[0022] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, each signal collection area is used for N optical sensors to collect image data, and the first wedge angle δ1 satisfies:

[0023] wherein x1, x2, … xN are the wedge angle values calculated according to the calibrated collection distances D of the N optical sensors. N In order to calculate the weight, δ1, δ2, … δN-1, δN are the wedge angle values calculated according to the calibrated collection distances D of the N optical sensors. 01 In order to calculate the weight, δ1, δ2, … δN-1, δN are the wedge angle values calculated according to the calibrated collection distances D of the N optical sensors. 02 In order to calculate the weight, δ1, δ2, … δN-1, δN are the wedge angle values calculated according to the calibrated collection distances D of the N optical sensors. 0N In order to calculate the weight, δ1, δ2, … δN-1, δN are the wedge angle values calculated according to the calibrated collection distances D of the N optical sensors. N N≥2.

[0024] When each signal collection area is used for multiple optical sensors to collect image data, the wedge angle value corresponding to each optical sensor is calculated respectively, and then a weighted average value is obtained according to the weight calculated for each optical sensor, to obtain a unified first wedge angle. This improves the accuracy of the image data obtained by multiple optical sensors, and does not need to set multiple regions with different wedge angle values in the signal collection area for each optical sensor, which facilitates the production and maintenance of the windshield glass.

[0025] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the windshield glass further comprises at least one head-up display area, and each head-up display area is used for reflecting the projection light emitted by a projection light source to form a head-up display image.

[0026] With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation form of the first aspect, the projection light rays comprise at least 80% P-polarized light and at most 20% S-polarized light, the head-up display area has a rectangular shape with an upper side thickness equal to a lower side thickness when the vehicle window glass is installed on the vehicle, the head-up display area is provided with a P-polarized light reflection film or a holographic film, and the head-up display area has a reflectivity of at least 10% for P-polarized light incident at an incident angle of 65°.

[0027] It can be seen that the P-polarized light in the projection light rays is reflected and imaged by the P-polarized light reflection film or the holographic film to realize head-up display, so that the head-up display area can maintain a rectangular shape with equal thickness, which can reduce the design complexity of the vehicle window glass and meet the use requirements of drivers wearing sunglasses in cooperation with P-polarized light projection.

[0028] With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation form of the first aspect, the projection light rays comprise at least 50% S-polarized light and at most 50% P-polarized light, the head-up display area has a wedge shape with an upper side thickness greater than a lower side thickness when the vehicle window glass is installed on the vehicle, and at least one head-up display area has a second wedge angle δ2, δ2 = 0.1 mrad-0.8 mrad.

[0029] With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation form of the first aspect, the second wedge angle δ2 is constant or continuously variable.

[0030] With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation form of the first aspect, the first wedge angle δ1 is greater than the second wedge angle δ2, δ1 = 0.2 mrad-0.5 mrad, and δ2 = 0.15 mrad-0.4 mrad.

[0031] With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation form of the first aspect, the difference δ1-δ2 between the first wedge angle δ1 and the second wedge angle δ2 is less than or equal to 0.1 mrad, or δ1-δ2≤0.08 mrad.

[0032] With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation form of the first aspect, the first wedge angle δ1 is less than the second wedge angle δ2, δ1 = 0.2 mrad-0.5 mrad, and δ2 = 0.4 mrad-0.8 mrad.

[0033] With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation form of the first aspect, the difference δ2-δ1 between the first wedge angle δ1 and the second wedge angle δ2 is greater than or equal to 0.2 mrad, or δ2-δ1≥0.3 mrad, or δ2-δ1≥0.4 mrad.

[0034] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible embodiment, a wedge transition area is arranged between the signal collection area and the head-up display area, and a wedge angle change rate of the wedge transition area is ≤0.3 mrad / 100 mm, or ≤0.2 mrad / 100 mm, or ≤0.1 mrad / 100 mm, or ≤0.05 mrad / 100 mm.

[0035] It can be seen that the wedge transition area with a uniform change in the wedge angle between the signal collection area and the head-up display area of the vehicle window glass makes the wedge angles of different areas gradually change and transition through the wedge transition area, thereby ensuring the optical quality of the vehicle window glass.

[0036] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible embodiment, the vehicle window glass further comprises at least one of an anti-fingerprint film, a heat insulation film, an electric heating film, an anti-ultraviolet film, and an anti-fog film, and the heat insulation film and the electric heating film avoid the signal collection area.

[0037] The second aspect also provides a design method of a vehicle window glass, including: obtaining first data of the vehicle window glass, the first data including a signal collection area position of the vehicle window glass, a thickness t1 of the vehicle window glass in the signal collection area, a longitudinal curvature radius R1 of the vehicle window glass in the signal collection area, and a refractive index n1 of the vehicle window glass; obtaining second data of an optical sensor, the second data including a number of the optical sensor, a position of the optical sensor, a calibrated collection distance D of the optical sensor, and an included angle between a line connecting a target object located at the calibrated collection distance and the optical sensor and a normal line of the signal collection area calculating a first wedge angle δ1 of the signal collection area according to the first data and the second data:

[0038] wherein D=5 meters-160 meters.

[0039] It can be seen that the signal collection area of the vehicle window glass has a wedge shape with a thickness of the upper side being greater than that of the lower side, and a wedge angle value of the wedge shape is the first wedge angle. The vehicle window glass provided by the present application can better adapt to the optical sensor, so that the optical sensor is less affected by the secondary image deviation when collecting image data through the signal collection area of the vehicle window glass, thereby further improving the accuracy of the image data.

[0040] In combination with the second aspect, in a possible embodiment, the number of the optical sensor is one or at least two, and the first wedge angle δ1 is calculated according to a calibrated collection distance D of one of the optical sensors.

[0041] In combination with the second aspect, in a possible embodiment, the number of the optical sensor is at least two, and the first wedge angle δ1 satisfies:

[0042] wherein x1, x2, … xN To calculate the weight, δ 01 , δ 02 … δ 0N is the calibration acquisition distance D N The wedge angle value is calculated according to the Nth optical sensor, N≥2.

[0043] It can be seen that when multiple optical sensors are used to collect image data in each signal acquisition area, the wedge angle value corresponding to each optical sensor is calculated respectively, and the weighted average value is obtained by calculating the weight of each optical sensor, so as to obtain the determined first wedge angle, which takes into account the image acquisition requirements of optical sensors with different calibration acquisition distances, improves the accuracy of image data obtained by multiple optical sensors, and does not need to set multiple areas with different wedge angles in the signal acquisition area for each optical sensor, which is convenient for production and maintenance of the vehicle window glass.

[0044] The third aspect also provides a vehicle window assembly, comprising:

[0045] The vehicle window glass of the first aspect; and at least one optical sensor mounted on the inner surface of the vehicle window glass.

[0046] In combination with the third aspect, in a possible embodiment, the optical sensor comprises at least one of a narrow-angle camera, a standard camera and a wide-angle camera; when the optical sensor is a narrow-angle camera, the horizontal field of view angle HFOV of the narrow-angle camera is < 40°, and the calibration acquisition distance D is 100m-160m; when the optical sensor is a standard camera, the horizontal field of view angle 40°≤HFOV≤90° of the standard camera, and the calibration acquisition distance D is 50m-100m; when the optical sensor is a wide-angle camera, the horizontal field of view angle HFOV of the wide-angle camera is > 90°, and the calibration acquisition distance D is 10m-50m.

[0047] In combination with the third aspect, in a possible embodiment, the optical sensor comprises a standard camera and at least one of a narrow-angle camera and a wide-angle camera, and the calibration acquisition distance D is 50m-100m.

[0048] In combination with the third aspect, in a possible embodiment, at least one of the narrow-angle camera, the standard camera and the wide-angle camera is a visible light camera with a pixel greater than or equal to 5 million, and the MTF value of the visible light camera at 1 / 2 Nyquist frequency is greater than or equal to 0.6.

[0049] It can be seen that the optical sensor comprises at least one of a narrow-angle camera, a standard camera and a wide-angle camera, and the image data in each distance range is acquired by a dedicated camera, which further improves the accuracy of the image data, and then realizes advanced auxiliary driving or automatic driving and other functions according to more accurate image data, improves the safety and intelligent level of the vehicle, and improves the driving experience of the user. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0050] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments of the present application will be described below.

[0051] Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a vehicle provided by the present application;

[0052] Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a window assembly provided by the present application;

[0053] Fig. 3 is a top view schematic diagram of a window glass provided by the present application;

[0054] Fig. 4 is a sectional view schematic diagram of a window glass provided by the present application;

[0055] Fig. 5 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of a signal acquisition area in Fig. 4;

[0056] Fig. 6 is a partial sectional view schematic diagram of a head-up display area of a window glass provided by the present application;

[0057] Fig. 7 is a partial sectional view schematic diagram of a head-up display area of another window glass provided by the present application;

[0058] Fig. 8 is a structural schematic diagram of a first intermediate adhesive layer provided by the present application;

[0059] Fig. 9 is a structural schematic diagram of a second intermediate adhesive layer provided by the present application;

[0060] Fig. 10 is a structural schematic diagram of a third intermediate adhesive layer provided by the present application;

[0061] Fig. 11 is a partial sectional view schematic diagram of a signal acquisition area of a window glass provided by the present application;

[0062] Fig. 12 is a flow schematic diagram of a design method of a window glass provided by the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0063] The following is a preferred embodiment of the present application, it should be pointed out that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present application, can make a number of improvements and refinements, these improvements and refinements also regarded as the protection scope of the present application.

[0064] The terms or phrases used in this application have the following meanings unless otherwise stated or contradicted:

[0065] As shown in FIG. 1, the vehicle 1000 can be, but is not limited to, a sedan, a multi-purpose vehicle (MPV), a sport / suburban utility vehicle (SUV), an off-road vehicle (ORV), a pickup truck, a van, a bus, a truck, etc.

[0066] The vehicle 1000 is installed with a vehicle window glass 100, which has a signal collection area 101, and the vehicle window glass 100 can be used as a front windshield, a rear windshield, or a side window.

[0067] The vehicle 1000 is provided with a plurality of optical sensors 200 inside, which are used to emit and / or receive light signals with wavelengths in the range of 380nm-1650nm or 8μm-12μm, such as visible light cameras (380nm-780nm), near-infrared cameras (780nm-1650nm), laser radars (850nm, 905nm, 1550nm), thermal imagers (8μm-12μm), etc., for image collection, distance measurement, positioning, etc., to realize advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) and even autonomous driving (Autonomous Driving) functions, improve the safety and intelligence level of the vehicle, and improve the driving experience of the user.

[0068] Among them, the light signals emitted and / or received by the optical sensors 200 pass through the signal collection area 101, in order to ensure that the optical sensors 200 can work normally and improve the detection accuracy, it is necessary to reduce the interference of the signal collection area 101 to the light signals as much as possible, such as improving the transmittance of the light signals, weakening or even eliminating the deviation of the secondary image, etc.

[0069] As shown in FIG. 2, the vehicle window assembly 1100 includes a vehicle window glass 100 and at least one optical sensor 200, the vehicle window glass 100 has an outer surface 102, an inner surface 103, a top end surface 104 and a bottom end surface 105, the outer surface 102 faces the outside of the vehicle 1000, the inner surface 103 faces the inside of the vehicle 1000, the top end surface 104 is close to the roof when the vehicle window glass 100 is installed to the vehicle 1000, and the bottom end surface 105 is close to the front hood when the vehicle window glass 100 is installed to the vehicle 1000.

[0070] Specifically, the optical sensor 200 can be fixedly mounted on the inner surface 103 of the vehicle window glass 100 by means of a bracket, adsorption, adhesion, etc. The light signal 301 emitted or reflected by the target object 300 outside the vehicle is received by the optical sensor 200 after passing through the signal collection area 101.

[0071] When the optical sensor 200 is a visible light camera, the signal collection area 101 preferably has a transmittance TL of at least 60% for visible light with a wavelength of 440 nm to 700 nm incident at an incident angle of 65°. (440-700) , more preferably has a transmittance of at least 65%, further preferably has a transmittance of at least 70%, further preferably has a transmittance of at least 75%, even more preferably has a transmittance of at least 80%, and even more preferably has a transmittance of at least 85%.

[0072] As the level of intelligence of the vehicle 1000 becomes higher and higher, the image resolution of the visible light camera selected is also getting higher and higher, such as a 5-megapixel camera, an 8-megapixel camera, etc. In order to meet the use requirements of high-resolution cameras, it is also preferred that the transmittance TL of the signal acquisition area 101 for red light with a wavelength of 600nm to 700nm incident at an incident angle of 65° is (600-700) The transmittance TL of the signal collection area 101 to the visible light with a wavelength of 440nm to 700nm incident at an incident angle of 65° is (440-700) The ratio between them is greater than or equal to 0.8, that is, TL (600-700) / TL (440-700) ≥0.8, specifically 0.80, 0.81, 0.82, 0.83, 0.84, 0.85, 0.86, 0.87, etc., more preferably TL (600-700) / TL (440-700) ≥0.83, further preferred TL (600-700) / TL (440-700) ≥0.85.

[0073] In order to further reduce the interference of the visible light camera by the glare in the environment outside the vehicle, meet the image acquisition demand in the high glare scene, and improve the accuracy of image acquisition, the ratio between the transmittance Tp of the signal collection area 101 to the P-polarized light with a wavelength of 440-700 nm at an incident angle of 65° and the transmittance Ts of the signal collection area 101 to the S-polarized light with a wavelength of 440-700 nm at an incident angle of 65° is greater than or equal to 1.45, that is, Tp / Ts≥1.45, and specific examples can be 1.45, 1.46, 1.47, 1.48, 1.49, 1.50, 1.51, 1.52, 1.53, 1.54, 1.55, 1.56, 1.57, 1.58, 1.59, 1.60, 1.65, 1.68, 1.70, 1.75, etc., more preferably Tp / Ts≥1.50, further preferably Tp / Ts≥1.55, more preferably Tp / Ts≥1.60, and even more preferably Tp / Ts≥1.65.

[0074] When the optical sensor 200 is at least one of a near-infrared camera, a laser radar, and a thermal imager, the signal collection area 101 has a transmittance of at least 80% to the light signal at an incident angle of 65°, more preferably at least 85%, and further preferably at least 90%.

[0075] As shown in FIG. 3, the vehicle window glass 100 is provided with a main viewing area 106 and a peripheral edge shielding area 107 arranged in a circumferential direction around the main viewing area 106. The visible light transmittance of the main viewing area 106 is greater than or equal to 70%, so as to facilitate the observation of the environment outside the vehicle by the person inside the vehicle through the main viewing area 106. The visible light transmittance of the peripheral edge shielding area 107 is less than or equal to 1%, so as to facilitate the shielding, protection, and improvement of the overall appearance, etc. Further, in order to better install and shield the optical sensor 200, a T-shaped shielding area 108 is arranged in a direction from the top end surface 104 to the main viewing area 106. The T-shaped shielding area 108 is provided with a light-transmitting area 109, and the signal collection area 101 is located in the light-transmitting area 109.

[0076] In order to weaken or even eliminate the influence of the secondary image deviation on the optical sensor 200, the signal collection area 101 is provided with a wedge shape with an upper side edge thickness greater than a lower side edge thickness when the vehicle window glass 100 is installed on the vehicle 1000. The optical sensor 200 can receive the light signal 301 from the target object 300 through the signal collection area 101. The signal collection area 101 has a first wedge angle δ1, and the first wedge angle δ1 satisfies:

[0077] Wherein, t1 is the thickness of the vehicle window glass 100 of the signal collection area 101, R1 is the longitudinal curvature radius of the vehicle window glass 100 of the signal collection area 101, n1 is the refractive index of the vehicle window glass 100, D is the calibration collection distance of the optical sensor 200, D = 5m~160m, is the included angle between the line connecting the target object 300 located at the calibration collection distance D and the optical sensor 200 and the normal line of the signal collection area 101. It can be understood that the upper side of the signal collection area 101 is close to the top end surface 104 of the vehicle window glass, and the lower side of the signal collection area 101 is close to the bottom end surface 105 of the vehicle window glass.

[0078] In the present application, the secondary image deviation can be divided into vertical secondary image deviation and horizontal secondary image deviation. The vertical secondary image deviation is the component of the secondary image relative to the primary image along the longitudinal direction, and the horizontal secondary image deviation is the component of the secondary image relative to the primary image along the transverse direction. It can be understood that, unless otherwise specified, the secondary image deviation described in the present application refers to the vertical secondary image deviation.

[0079] In the prior art, the distance between the optical sensor 200 and the target object 300 is set to be infinite when calculating the wedge angle required by the optical sensor 200 to weaken or even eliminate the secondary image deviation, so it can be ignored. However, in actual application scenarios, the distance between the optical sensor 200 and the target object 300 is not infinite, so that the wedge angle obtained by the traditional calculation method cannot meet the use requirements of high-resolution cameras. Compared with the traditional calculation method, the present application considers the calibration collection distance D of different optical sensors 200 in actual application scenarios, so that the vehicle window glass 100 can be more suitable for the optical sensor 200, and the optical sensor 200 can receive the light signal 301 through the signal collection area 101 of the vehicle window glass 100 as little as possible. The influence of secondary image deviation is further improved, and the accuracy of image data is further improved.

[0080] In the present application, the vehicle window glass 100 can be a single piece of tempered glass, the thickness of the single piece of tempered glass is 2.5mm~6.0mm, and the single piece of tempered glass is formed by chemical tempering and / or physical tempering. The vehicle window glass 100 using a single piece of tempered glass can be used as a rear window glass or a side window glass.

[0081] In the present application, the vehicle window glass 100 is preferably a laminated glass. As shown in FIG. 4, the vehicle window glass 100 includes an outer glass sheet 10 having a first surface 11 and a second surface 12 disposed opposite to each other, an inner glass sheet 30 having a third surface 31 and a fourth surface 32 disposed opposite to each other, and an interlayer bonding layer 20 disposed between the second surface 12 and the third surface 31. The first surface 11 is an outer surface 102 of the vehicle window glass 100, and the fourth surface 32 is an inner surface 103 of the vehicle window glass 100. The vehicle window glass 100 using the laminated glass can be used as a front windshield, a rear windshield, or a side window glass. Preferably, the thickness of the outer glass sheet is 1.6 mm to 4 mm, and can be specifically 1.6 mm, 1.8 mm, 2.1 mm, 2.5 mm, 2.8 mm, 3.0 mm, 3.2 mm, 3.5 mm, 3.8 mm, 4.0 mm, etc.; the thickness of the interlayer bonding layer is 0.38 mm to 2.28 mm, and can be specifically 0.38 mm, 0.76 mm, 1.14 mm, 1.52 mm, 1.90 mm, 2.28 mm, etc.; and the thickness of the inner glass sheet is 0.7 mm to 2.5 mm, and can be specifically 0.7 mm, 1.1 mm, 1.4 mm, 1.6 mm, 1.8 mm, 2.1 mm, 2.3 mm, 2.5 mm, etc.

[0082] Exemplarily, the material of the interlayer bonding layer 20 is at least one of polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), and ionomer (SGP). If the interlayer bonding layer 20 is a transparent thermoplastic polymer, the visible light transmittance of the transparent thermoplastic polymer is greater than or equal to 80%, for example, 80%, 85%, 90%, or 95%, etc. When the interlayer bonding layer 20 is a colored thermoplastic polymer film, the visible light transmittance of the colored thermoplastic polymer film is greater than 70%, and the visible light transmittance of the interlayer bonding layer 20 is, but not limited to, 75%, 80%, 85%, or 90%, etc. The colored thermoplastic polymer film is selected from a gray thermoplastic polymer film, a green thermoplastic polymer film, or a blue thermoplastic polymer film, etc.

[0083] In FIG. 4, the edge shielding area 107 is provided with a first shielding layer 40, the material of the first shielding layer 40 is preferably at least one of black ceramic ink, brown ceramic ink, black ultraviolet ink, and brown ultraviolet ink, and can be formed by screen printing, inkjet printing, etc., and the thickness of the first shielding layer 40 is microns, for example, 5 to 40 microns. The first shielding layer 40 can be located at the four peripheral edges of the second surface 12, the third surface 31, and / or the fourth surface 32.

[0084] In FIG. 4, the T-shaped shielding area 108 is provided with the second shielding layer 50, and the light-transmitting area 109 is not provided with the second shielding layer 50. The material of the second shielding layer 50 is preferably at least one of black ceramic ink, brown ceramic ink, black ultraviolet ink, brown ultraviolet ink, black paint, black primer, and black polymer film, and can be formed by screen printing, inkjet printing, adhesion, or the like. The second shielding layer 50 can be located at the four peripheral portions of the second surface 12, the third surface 31, and / or the fourth surface 32. The material of the second shielding layer 50 can be the same as or different from that of the first shielding layer 40.

[0085] As shown in FIG. 5, The angle between the light signal 301 entering the optical sensor 200 and the normal line of the signal collection area 101 is denoted as θ. The calibration collection distance D of the optical sensor 200 is 5 m to 160 m, and specific examples include 5 m, 10 m, 20 m, 40 m, 50 m, 60 m, 80 m, 100 m, 110 m, 120 m, 130 m, 140 m, 150 m, 160 m, etc. The calibration collection distance D of the optical sensor 200 can be determined according to the performance parameters of the optical sensor 200, the main use scenarios, etc., or input from the vehicle manufacturer. The first wedge angle δ1 of the signal collection area 101 can make the main image of the target object 300 coincide with its sub-image as much as possible, or even completely coincide, so as to weaken or even eliminate the deviation of the sub-image. The first wedge angle δ1 can be constant, for example, 0.1 mrad, 0.2 mrad, 0.3 mrad, 0.4 mrad, 0.5 mrad, 0.2 mrad, 0.5 mrad, 0.6 mrad, 0.7 mrad, 0.8 mrad, 0.9 mrad, 1.0 mrad, 1.5 mrad, 2.0 mrad, etc. The first wedge angle δ1 can also be variable. The variable first wedge angle δ1 can be variable from the lower side to the upper side in two segments (from 0.6 mrad to 0.55 mrad), three segments (from 0.6 mrad to 0.55 mrad to 0.5 mrad), or four segments (from 0.6 mrad to 0.55 mrad to 0.50 mrad to 0.45 mrad).

[0086] In some embodiments, the variable first wedge angle δ1 is continuously variable from the lower side to the upper side, the continuously variable wedge angle causes the thickness of the signal collection area 101 to vary nonlinearly, and the continuously variable wedge angle can obtain image data with a larger field of view FOV and a larger image size without parallax deviation; preferably, the first wedge angle δ1 is continuously and monotonously decreasing from the lower side to the upper side; more preferably, the angle change rate ROC of the first wedge angle δ1 is ≤0.2 mrad / 100 mm, or ≤0.15 mrad / 100 mm, or ≤0.1 mrad / 100 mm, or ≤0.05 mrad / 100 mm, etc. Specifically, when the ROC is 0.2 mrad / 100 mm, the maximum wedge angle difference of the first wedge angle δ1 within a distance of 100 mm is 0.2 mrad.

[0087] In some embodiments, the longitudinal curvature radius R1 of the vehicle window glass of the signal collection area 101 is greater than or equal to 500 mm. In some embodiments, when the longitudinal curvature radius R1 is 500 mm≤R1<2000 mm, the first wedge angle δ1 is 0.65 mrad≤δ1≤2.83 mrad; in other embodiments, when the longitudinal curvature radius R1 is 2000 mm≤R1≤8000 mm, the first wedge angle δ1 is 0.17 mrad≤δ1≤0.7 mrad; in still other embodiments, when the longitudinal curvature radius R1 is R1>8000 mm, the first wedge angle δ1 is 0.1 mrad≤δ1≤0.35 mrad.

[0088] In some embodiments, the longitudinal curvature radius R1 of the vehicle window glass of the signal collection area 101 is monotonously variable, and the change rate of the longitudinal curvature radius R1 is -10% to +10%, or -5% to +5%. Specifically, it can be exemplified as -10%, -8%, -5%, -4%, -3%, -2%, -1%, +0.5%, +1%, +2%, +3%, +4%, +5%, +8%, +10%, etc.

[0089] In some embodiments, the signal collection area 101 causes the parallax deviation angle of the image data collected by the optical sensor 200 to be less than or equal to 5.0 arcmin, more preferably less than or equal to 3.0 arcmin, further preferably less than or equal to 2.0 arcmin, and even less than or equal to 1.0 arcmin. Specifically, the parallax deviation angle is the included angle between the parallax image light entering the optical sensor 200 and the main image light entering the optical sensor 200.

[0090] In some embodiments, each signal collection area 101 is used for one optical sensor 200 to collect image data, i.e. one signal collection area 101 corresponds to one optical sensor 200, and the first wedge angle δ1 can be calculated according to the calibration collection distance D of the optical sensor 200.

[0091] In other embodiments, each signal collection area 101 is used for at least two optical sensors to collect image data, i.e. one signal collection area 101 corresponds to two or more optical sensors 200, and the first wedge angle δ1 can be calculated according to the calibration collection distance D of one of the optical sensors 200.

[0092] In still other embodiments, each signal collection area 101 is used for at least two optical sensors 200 to collect image data, i.e. one signal collection area 101 corresponds to two or more optical sensors 200, and the first wedge angle δ1 can be calculated according to the calibration collection distance D of each optical sensor 200, without the need to set multiple areas with different wedge angle values in the signal collection area 101 for each optical sensor 200, facilitating the design and production of the vehicle window glass 100.

[0093] Specifically, each signal collection area 101 is used for N optical sensors 200 to collect image data, and the first wedge angle δ1 satisfies:

[0094] wherein x1, x2…x N is calculated according to the calibration collection distance D of the Nth optical sensor. 01 , δ 02 … δ 0N is calculated according to the calibration collection distance D of the Nth optical sensor. N The wedge angle value calculated by formula (1) is N≥2.

[0095] Specifically, two or more optical sensors 200 need to collect image data from one signal collection area 101, and the first wedge angle δ1 of the signal collection area 101 is determined by weighted calculation. First, formula (1) is used to calculate the wedge angle value δ 01 , δ 02 … δ 0N of each optical sensor 200, since the calibration collection distance D N of each optical sensor 200 is different, the wedge angle value of each optical sensor 200 is also different. Then the wedge angle values δ 01 , δ 02 … δ 0N are weighted calculated by formula (2) to obtain the final first wedge angle δ1.

[0096] Exemplarily, the weight of the weighted calculation herein can be determined according to the calibration collection distance of the optical sensor, and in general, the first wedge angle δ1 is preferentially matched with the main camera, assuming that the calibration collection distance of the main camera is 50 m, the calculation weight of the optical sensor with a calibration collection distance closer to 50 m is higher. Exemplarily, the weight of the weighted calculation herein can also be determined according to the information frequency of the image data collected by different optical sensors, and the information frequency can be obtained by experiment, for example, in an actual scene, the frequency of vehicles, pedestrians or other obstacles appearing in the image data collected by different optical sensors is different, and the higher the frequency, the higher the calculation weight. It can be understood that the weight of the weighted calculation herein can also be directly obtained from the manufacturer of the vehicle 1000.

[0097] The present application takes the optical sensor 200 as an example of a visible light camera, and 1-4 visible light cameras are usually installed on the vehicle window glass 100 to collect image data of the driving environment in front of the vehicle, thereby realizing functions such as front vehicle collision warning (FCW), lane departure warning (LDW), traffic sign recognition (TSR), and pedestrian collision warning (PCW).

[0098] The field of view (FOV) is the maximum field of view range when the visible light camera collects image data, which can be divided into a horizontal field of view (HFOV) and a vertical field of view (VFOV). Specifically, the optical sensor 200 can include at least one of a narrow-angle camera, a standard camera, and a wide-angle camera.

[0099] The standard camera can be used as a main camera and can be used for ranging, object recognition, road markings, etc. The horizontal field of view HFOV of the standard camera is 40°≤HFOV≤90°, and the maximum detection distance of the standard camera is ≤150 meters. Considering the actual main application scenarios and functions, the calibration collection distance D is preferably 50 m-100 m, which can make the standard camera more matched with the actual application scenarios and functions, and further improve the collection accuracy of image data.

[0100] The narrow-angle camera can be used for the recognition of targets such as traffic lights and pedestrians, the horizontal field of view HFOV of the narrow-angle camera is <40°, and the calibration collection distance D is 100 m-160 m, which can make the narrow-angle camera more matched with the actual application scenarios and functions, and further improve the collection accuracy of image data. The maximum detection distance of the narrow-angle camera is ≤300 meters, and considering that the change of the secondary image deviation angle tends to be flat when the detection distance is greater than 160 meters, i.e., the change of the secondary image deviation angle is very small or even basically unchanged, for the use requirement of the maximum detection distance greater than 160 meters, the present application sets the calibration collection distance D = 160 m.

[0101] The wide-angle camera can be used to identify close-range objects, and can be used in urban road working conditions, low-speed driving, etc. The horizontal field of view HFOV of the wide-angle camera is greater than 90°, and the maximum detection distance of the wide-angle camera is less than or equal to 80 meters. Considering the actual main application scenarios and functions, the calibration collection distance D is preferably 10-50 meters, so that the wide-angle camera can be more matched with the actual application scenarios and functions, and the collection accuracy of image data can be further improved.

[0102] In the present application, when the optical sensor 200 includes at least one of a standard camera, a narrow-angle camera, and a wide-angle camera, the narrow-angle camera and the wide-angle camera can assist or supplement the use of the standard camera, which is the main camera. The calibration collection distance D is preferably 50-100 meters.

[0103] In some embodiments, in order to better meet the needs of high-definition image collection, at least one of the narrow-angle camera, the standard camera, and the wide-angle camera is preferably a visible light camera with more than or equal to 5 million pixels, such as a 5-megapixel camera, an 8-megapixel camera, a 12-megapixel camera, a 20-megapixel camera, a 50-megapixel camera, a 100-megapixel camera, a 200-megapixel camera, etc. The modulation transfer function MTF value of the visible light camera at 1 / 2 Nyquist frequency is greater than or equal to 0.6.

[0104] In a possible embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the vehicle window glass 100 further includes at least one head-up display area 110, 111, each of which is used to reflect the projection light rays 401 emitted by the projection light source 400 to form a head-up display image 500.

[0105] Specifically, the head-up display image 500 can be directly observed by the driver 600 in the vehicle 1000, so that the driver 600 can grasp various data conditions of the vehicle 1000 without lowering his head, thereby greatly improving driving safety. The head-up display image 500 can specifically include driving speed, remaining power / oil, time, temperature, dynamic navigation, road safety warning, commercial district information, etc., and can be displayed at close range, such as a W-HUD (windshield-HUD) with a projection distance of less than 5 meters, or at a long distance, such as an AR-HUD (Augmented Reality-Head Up Display) with a projection distance of more than 7 meters.

[0106] In FIG. 3, some of the head-up display areas 110 are located in the main view area 106, realizing W-HUD and / or AR-HUD. But not limited to this, the other head-up display areas 111 are located in the edge shielding area 107. Specifically, the head-up display areas 111 are located in the edge shielding area 107 below the main view area 106, realizing black edge display, using the first shielding layer 40 as the display background of the head-up display image 500, which can better shield the external environmental light, avoid unnecessary interference of the line of sight, and thus make the image display clearer, realize higher contrast and color gamut.

[0107] As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the projection light 401 includes at least 80% P-polarized light and at most 20% S-polarized light, the head-up display areas 110, 111 have a rectangular shape with the upper side edge thickness equal to the lower side edge thickness when the vehicle window glass 100 is installed in the vehicle 1000, the head-up display areas 110, 111 are provided with a P-polarized light reflection film 60 or a holographic film 70, the head-up display areas 110, 111 have a reflectivity of at least 10% for P-polarized light incident at an incident angle of 65°, preferably a reflectivity of at least 15%, more preferably a reflectivity of at least 20%, and even a reflectivity of at least 30%.

[0108] It can be seen that the P-polarized light in the projection light 401 is reflected and imaged by the P-polarized light reflection film 60 or the holographic film 70, thereby realizing head-up display, which can make the head-up display areas 110, 111 maintain a rectangular shape with equal thickness, which can not only reduce the design complexity of the vehicle window glass 100, but also meet the use requirements of drivers wearing sunglasses in cooperation with P-polarized light projection. Preferably, the projection light 401 includes at least 90% P-polarized light and at most 10% S-polarized light; more preferably, the projection light 401 includes at least 95% P-polarized light and at most 5% S-polarized light, and even the projection light 401 is 100% P-polarized light.

[0109] In FIG. 6, the P-polarized light reflecting film 60 is located on the fourth surface 32 and covers the head-up display area 110, 111, and when the projection light 401 is incident on the head-up display area 110, 111, the P-polarized light reflecting film 60 reflects the P-polarized light in the projection light 401 to form an image. It can be understood that the P-polarized light reflecting film 60 can also be located on the second surface 12 or on the third surface 31 or between the second surface 12 and the third surface 31. The P-polarized light reflecting film can adopt a high-low refractive index stack or a metal stack; the high-low refractive index stack can be deposited on the second surface 12, the third surface 31 or the fourth surface 32 by a magnetron sputtering process, and the high-low refractive index stack includes a layer structure of at least one high refractive index layer and at least one low refractive index layer, the refractive index of the high refractive index layer is greater than or equal to 1.8, and the refractive index of the low refractive index layer is less than or equal to 1.7; the metal stack can be deposited on the second surface 12 or the third surface 31 by a magnetron sputtering process, and the metal stack includes at least one metal layer and at least two dielectric layers, and the metal layer is preferably a silver layer or an aluminum layer. The P-polarized light reflecting film 60 can also adopt a polymer multilayer film composed of two or more polymers with different refractive indices, and the number of layers of the polymer multilayer film can be tens of layers, hundreds of layers, or even thousands of layers, for example, a stack of PET, and the thickness of the stack of PET is preferably 25 μm or more and 200 μm or less.

[0110] In FIG. 7, the holographic film 70 is located between the second surface 12 and the third surface 31. The P-polarized light reflecting film 60 or the holographic film 70 located between the second surface 12 and the third surface 31 is more specifically located in the intermediate bonding layer 20, for example, the intermediate bonding layer 20 includes two layers of PVB, and the P-polarized light reflecting film 60 or the holographic film 70 is sandwiched between the two layers of PVB.

[0111] In the present application, the first wedge angle δ1 of the signal collection area 101 can be provided by at least one of the outer glass plate 10, the intermediate bonding layer 20 and the inner glass plate 30, i.e. the first wedge angle δ1 of the signal collection area 101 is equal to the wedge angle of the outer glass plate 10 or the inner glass plate 30 at the signal collection area 101, or equal to the wedge angle of the intermediate bonding layer 20 at the signal collection area 101, or equal to the sum of the wedge angle of the outer glass plate 10 at the signal collection area 101 and the wedge angle of the intermediate bonding layer 20 at the signal collection area 101, or equal to the sum of the wedge angle of the outer glass plate 10 at the signal collection area 101, the wedge angle of the inner glass plate 30 at the signal collection area 101 and the wedge angle of the intermediate bonding layer 20 at the signal collection area 101. From the convenience of design and production, it is preferred that the first wedge angle δ1 of the signal collection area 101 is equal to the wedge angle of the intermediate bonding layer 20 at the signal collection area 101, i.e. the first wedge angle δ1 of the signal collection area 101 is only provided by the intermediate bonding layer 20, and at this time the wedge angles of the outer glass plate 10 and the inner glass plate 30 are both equal to 0.

[0112] As shown in FIG. 8, the intermediate bonding layer 20 has a first wedge angle δ1 in the signal collection area 101 and has a wedge angle of 0 in the head-up display area 110, 111, and the P-polarized light reflecting film 60 or the holographic film 70 is combined to realize the head-up display on the basis of weakening or even eliminating the deviation of the secondary image.

[0113] As shown in FIG. 9, the intermediate bonding layer 20 has a first wedge angle δ1 in the signal collection area 101 and also has a first wedge angle δ1 in the head-up display area 110, 111, so that the intermediate bonding layer 20 with the same wedge angle can be more convenient to manufacture and is conducive to reducing the cost, and the P-polarized light reflecting film 60 or the holographic film 70 is combined to realize the head-up display on the basis of weakening or even eliminating the deviation of the secondary image, and can also weaken or even eliminate the perspective secondary image of the head-up display area 110, and even can improve the display quality of the head-up display area 110.

[0114] In other embodiments, the projection light 401 includes at least 50% S-polarized light and at most 50% P-polarized light, and the head-up display area 110, 111 has a wedge shape with the upper side edge thickness being greater than the lower side edge thickness when the vehicle window glass 100 is installed on the vehicle 1000, as shown in FIG. 10, at least one head-up display area 110, 111 has a second wedge angle δ2, δ2 = 0.1 mrad ~ 0.8 mrad.

[0115] The second wedge angle δ2 of the head-up display area 110, 111 described in the present application can make the reflected primary image and the reflected secondary image of the head-up display image 500 coincide as much as possible or even completely coincide, thereby weakening or even eliminating ghosting (also called ghosting), and the second wedge angle δ2 is constant or variable. The second wedge angle δ2 can be constant, for example, 0.1 mrad, 0.2 mrad, 0.3 mrad, 0.4 mrad, 0.5 mrad, 0.2 mrad, 0.5 mrad, 0.6 mrad, 0.7 mrad, 0.8 mrad, etc. The second wedge angle δ2 can also be variable. The variable second wedge angle δ2 can be variable in two sections (for example, from 0.6 mrad to 0.55 mrad), three sections (for example, from 0.5 mrad to 0.45 mrad to 0.4 mrad) or four sections (for example, from 0.6 mrad to 0.55 mrad to 0.50 mrad to 0.45 mrad) from the lower side edge to the upper side edge.

[0116] In some embodiments, the variable second wedge angle δ2 is continuously variable from the lower side to the upper side, the continuously variable wedge angle causes the thickness of the head-up display area 110, 111 to change nonlinearly, and the continuously variable wedge angle can obtain a head-up display image 500 with a larger field of view FOV and a larger image size without ghosting, and better achieve AR-HUD; preferably, the second wedge angle δ2 is continuously monotonically decreasing from the lower side to the upper side; more preferably, the angle change rate ROC of the second wedge angle δ2 is ≤0.2 mrad / 100 mm, or ≤0.15 mrad / 100 mm, or ≤0.1 mrad / 100 mm, or ≤0.05 mrad / 100 mm, etc. Specifically, when the ROC is 0.2 mrad / 100 mm, the maximum wedge angle difference of the second wedge angle δ2 within a distance of 100 mm is 0.2 mrad.

[0117] In the present application, the second wedge angle δ2 can be provided by at least one of the outer glass plate 10, the intermediate bonding layer 20, and the inner glass plate 30, i.e., the second wedge angle δ2 is equal to the wedge angle of the outer glass plate 10 or the inner glass plate 30 at the head-up display area 110, 111, or equal to the wedge angle of the intermediate bonding layer 20 at the head-up display area 110, 111, or equal to the sum of the wedge angle of the outer glass plate 10 at the head-up display area 110, 111 and the wedge angle of the intermediate bonding layer 20 at the head-up display area 110, 111, and can also be equal to the sum of the wedge angle of the outer glass plate 10 at the head-up display area 110, 111, the wedge angle of the inner glass plate 30 at the head-up display area 110, 111, and the wedge angle of the intermediate bonding layer 20 at the head-up display area 110, 111. From the convenience of design and production, it is preferred that the second wedge angle δ2 of the head-up display area 110, 111 is equal to the wedge angle of the intermediate bonding layer 20 at the head-up display area 110, 111, i.e., the second wedge angle δ2 is only provided by the intermediate bonding layer 20, and at this time the wedge angles of the outer glass plate 10 and the inner glass plate 30 are both equal to 0.

[0118] In FIG. 10, the intermediate bonding layer 20 has a first wedge angle δ1 in the signal acquisition area 101 and a second wedge angle δ2 in the head-up display area 110, 111. In some embodiments, the first wedge angle δ1 is greater than the second wedge angle δ2, δ1 = 0.2-0.5 mrad, δ2 = 0.15-0.4 mrad; for the convenience of design and production, it is preferred that the difference δ1-δ2 between the first wedge angle δ1 and the second wedge angle δ2 is ≤0.1 mrad, or ≤0.08 mrad. In other embodiments, the first wedge angle δ1 is less than the second wedge angle δ2, δ1 = 0.2-0.5 mrad, δ2 = 0.4-0.8 mrad. For the optimal effect of weakening or even eliminating the parallax and reflection ghost, it is preferred that the difference δ2-δ1 between the first wedge angle δ1 and the second wedge angle δ2 is ≥0.2 mrad, or ≥0.3 mrad, or ≥0.4 mrad.

[0119] In FIG. 10, a wedge transition area 120 is arranged between the signal acquisition area 101 and the head-up display area 110, which is beneficial to expand the longitudinal distance between the signal acquisition area 101 and the head-up display area 110, increase the transition distance, and thus facilitate quality control in the production process. The wedge transition area 120 has a wedge angle change rate ≤0.3 mrad / 100 mm, or ≤0.2 mrad / 100 mm, or ≤0.1 mrad / 100 mm, or ≤0.05 mrad / 100 mm.

[0120] In the present application, the vehicle window glass 100 further comprises at least one of an anti-fingerprint film, an anti-reflection film, a heat insulation film, an electric heating film, an anti-ultraviolet film, and a defogging film. In order to avoid the interference of the heat insulation film and the electric heating film with the optical sensor 200, the heat insulation film and the electric heating film avoid the signal acquisition area 101.

[0121] Specifically, the anti-fingerprint film is arranged on the fourth surface 32 and covers at least the head-up display area 110, 111, so as to ensure that the head-up display area 110, 111 can realize the head-up display in a higher quality. The heat insulation film can be arranged in the second surface 12, the third surface 31, the fourth surface 32 or the intermediate bonding layer 20, and the heat insulation film is one or more of a single-silver heat insulation film, a double-silver heat insulation film, a triple-silver heat insulation film, a quadruple-silver heat insulation film, a TCO heat insulation film, a heat insulation / heat absorption PVB, a heat insulation film based on a metal material such as NiCr or TiN or a non-metal material, wherein the single-silver heat insulation film, the double-silver heat insulation film, the triple-silver heat insulation film and the quadruple-silver heat insulation film respectively refer to a transparent nano heat insulation film with one silver layer, two silver layers, three silver layers and four silver layers, and the transparent nano heat insulation film further comprises at least two dielectric layers in addition to the silver layer. The TCO heat insulation film refers to a transparent nano heat insulation film comprising at least one ITO layer or FTO layer. The heat insulation film can make the vehicle interior have better thermal comfort, and the single-silver heat insulation film, the double-silver heat insulation film, the triple-silver heat insulation film and the quadruple-silver heat insulation film can be directly arranged on the second surface 12, the third surface 31 or the fourth surface 32 by a magnetron sputtering deposition process, or can be arranged in the intermediate bonding layer 20. The electric heating film can be arranged in the second surface 12, the third surface 31, the fourth surface 32 or the intermediate bonding layer 20, and the electric heating film is any one of a single-silver electric heating film, a double-silver electric heating film, a triple-silver electric heating film, a quadruple-silver electric heating film, a quintuple-silver electric heating film and a TCO electric heating film. By additionally arranging at least two busbars and inputting the current of the power supply into the electric heating film, the electric heating film generates heat to heat the vehicle window glass 100 to realize the functions of defrosting, defogging and even deicing and snow melting, thereby further improving the driving safety. The single-silver electric heating film, the double-silver electric heating film, the triple-silver electric heating film, the quadruple-silver electric heating film and the quintuple-silver electric heating film respectively refer to a transparent nano conductive film with one silver layer, two silver layers, three silver layers, four silver layers and five silver layers, and the transparent nano conductive film further comprises at least two dielectric layers in addition to the silver layer. The TCO electric heating film refers to a transparent nano conductive film comprising at least one ITO layer or FTO layer. The heat insulation / heat absorption PVB and the anti-ultraviolet film are arranged between the second surface 12 and the third surface 31, and the heat insulation / heat absorption PVB and the anti-ultraviolet film are obtained by adding a reflective infrared component, an infrared absorbing component and / or an ultraviolet absorbing component into a standard PVB.

[0122] As shown in FIG. 11, an anti-reflective film or an anti-fog film 80 is arranged in the signal collection area 101, the anti-reflective film 80 is used to reduce the interference of the reflection of the signal collection area 101 on the optical sensor 200, and the anti-fog film 80 is used to slow down or prevent the signal collection area 101 from fogging, thereby improving the accuracy of the collected image data of the optical sensor 200. Preferably, the anti-reflective film or the anti-fog film 80 also covers the head-up display area 110, 111, the anti-reflective film 80 is used to reduce the reflection of the instrument panel, and the anti-fog film 80 is used to slow down or prevent the head-up display area 110, 111 from fogging, thereby improving driving safety.

[0123] The application also provides a design method of a vehicle window glass 100, which can be designed according to the design method of the application. As shown in FIG. 12, the design method of the vehicle window glass provided by the application comprises:

[0124] S801: obtaining first data of the vehicle window glass, the first data comprising the position of the signal collection area of the vehicle window glass, the thickness t1 of the vehicle window glass of the signal collection area, the longitudinal curvature radius R1 of the vehicle window glass of the signal collection area, and the refractive index n1 of the vehicle window glass.

[0125] Specifically, the design method of the vehicle window glass 100 in the application is executed by a server, and the first data can be directly input by the user's instruction or stored in the local storage of the server in advance, and the server directly obtains the first data from the local storage. The first data comprises the position of the signal collection area of the vehicle window glass 100, the thickness t1 of the vehicle window glass 100 of the signal collection area 101, the longitudinal curvature radius R1 of the vehicle window glass 100 of the signal collection area 101, and the refractive index n1 of the vehicle window glass 100.

[0126] In some embodiments, the signal collection area 101 can also be divided into multiple grids according to the field of view (FOV), and the first data of different grids is obtained respectively, and then average calculation or weighted calculation is performed, thereby facilitating more accurate calculation of the first wedge angle.

[0127] S802: obtaining second data of the optical sensor, the second data comprising the number of the optical sensor 200, the position of the optical sensor 200, the calibrated collection distance D of the optical sensor 200, and the included angle between the line connecting the target object 300 located at the calibrated collection distance D and the optical sensor 200 and the normal line of the signal collection area 101

[0128] S803: calculating the first wedge angle δ1 of the signal collection area 101 according to the first data and the second data, wherein D = 5m-160m.

[0129] Specifically, the first wedge angle δ1 of the signal collection area 101 is calculated according to the first data and the second data according to formula (1):

[0130] wherein t1 is the thickness of the vehicle window glass 100 in the signal acquisition area 101, R1 is the longitudinal radius of curvature of the vehicle window glass 100 in the signal acquisition area 101, n1 is the refractive index of the vehicle window glass 100, t1, R1, n1 are from the first data. is the included angle between the line connecting the target object at the calibration acquisition distance and the optical sensor and the normal line of the signal acquisition area, D is the calibration acquisition distance of the optical sensor 200, and D are from the second data.

[0131] In a possible embodiment, the number of optical sensors 200 is one or at least two, and the first wedge angle δ1 is calculated according to the calibration acquisition distance D of one of the optical sensors 200.

[0132] In some embodiments, each signal acquisition area 101 is used for one optical sensor 200 to collect image data, that is, one signal acquisition area 101 corresponds to one optical sensor 200, and the first wedge angle δ1 can be calculated according to the calibration acquisition distance D of the optical sensor 200.

[0133] In other embodiments, each signal acquisition area 101 is used for at least two optical sensors to collect image data, that is, one signal acquisition area 101 corresponds to two or more optical sensors 200, and the first wedge angle δ1 can be calculated according to the calibration acquisition distance D of one of the optical sensors 200.

[0134] In still other embodiments, each signal acquisition area 101 is used for at least two optical sensors 200 to collect image data, that is, one signal acquisition area 101 corresponds to two or more optical sensors 200, and the first wedge angle δ1 can be calculated according to the calibration acquisition distance D of each optical sensor 200, without the need to set multiple areas with different wedge angle values in the signal acquisition area 101 for each optical sensor 200, facilitating the design and production of the vehicle window glass 100.

[0135] Specifically, each signal acquisition area 101 is used for N optical sensors 200 to collect image data, and the first wedge angle δ1 satisfies:

[0136] wherein x1, x2…x N is the calculation weight, δ 01 , δ 02 … δ 0N is calculated according to the calibration acquisition distance D of the Nth optical sensor N The wedge angle value calculated by formula (1) is N≥2.

[0137] Specifically, if two or more optical sensors 200 need to collect image data from one signal collection area 101, the first wedge angle δ1 of the signal collection area 101 is determined by weighted calculation. First, the wedge angle value δ corresponding to each optical sensor 200 is calculated using formula (1). 01 ,δ 02 …δ 0N , since the calibration acquisition distance D of each optical sensor 200 N Different, so each optical sensor 200 corresponding to the wedge angle value is also different. Then each wedge angle value δ 01 ,δ 02 …δ 0N The final first wedge angle δ1 is obtained by weighted calculation using formula (2).

[0138] For example, the weights used in the weighted calculation can be determined based on the calibrated acquisition distance of the optical sensor. Typically, the first wedge angle δ1 is prioritized to match the main camera. Assuming the calibrated acquisition distance of the main camera is 50 meters, the calculation weight for optical sensors with calibrated acquisition distances closer to 50 meters is higher. Furthermore, for example, the weights used in the weighted calculation can be determined based on the information frequency of image data captured by different optical sensors. This information frequency can be determined experimentally. For example, in real-world scenarios, the frequency of vehicles, pedestrians, or other obstacles appearing in image data captured by different optical sensors varies. A higher frequency of appearance results in a higher calculation weight. It is understood that the weights used in the weighted calculation can also be obtained directly from the manufacturer and designer of vehicle 1000.

[0139] Example 1-240

[0140] This application uses 2.1mm thick transparent glass as the outer glass plate 10 and the inner glass plate 30, and uses 0.76mm thick transparent PVB as the intermediate adhesive layer 20. The refractive index of the vehicle window glass 100 is 1.52; the vehicle window glass 100 of Examples 1-240 is manufactured according to the automobile glass production process.

[0141] The vehicle window glass 100 has a first wedge angle δ1 in the signal collection area 101. The simulated wedge angle, actual wedge angle, and conventional wedge angle of the first wedge angle δ1 are calculated using simulation software, formulas (1), and (3), respectively. The deviations of the actual and conventional wedge angles from the simulated wedge angles are verified, thereby comparing the degree to which the actual and conventional wedge angles suppress secondary image deviation.

[0142] Among them, the angle The target object 300 is set at the calibration collection distance D, and then the target object 300 and the optical sensor 200 are connected, the connection has a intersection with the signal collection area 101, a normal line of the signal collection area 101 is drawn through the intersection, the included angle between the connection and the normal line is measured, and the included angles in embodiments 1-240

[0143] Simulation wedge angle: according to the calibration collection distance of the actual application scene, the simulation software such as ANSYS, ZEMAX or CATIA is used to calculate the simulation wedge angle of the first wedge angle δ1 which can completely eliminate the secondary image deviation;

[0144] In the simulation software, the relationship that the thickness of a certain position of the target surface (such as the outer surface of the vehicle window glass 100) relative to the reference surface (such as the inner surface of the vehicle window glass 100) changes with the distance between the position and the bottom surface 105 of the vehicle window glass 100 is established, which is the first wedge angle δ1. The first wedge angle δ1 can be constant or variable. The first wedge angle δ1 is a variable, and its increase and decrease can change the size of the secondary image deviation angle. In a certain state, there is only one simulation wedge angle that makes the secondary image deviation angle equal to 0, that is, the simulation wedge angle that completely eliminates the secondary image deviation.

[0145] Actual wedge angle: according to the calibration collection distance of the actual application scene, the actual wedge angle of the first wedge angle is calculated according to the formula (1) of the present application;

[0146] Traditional wedge angle: according to the traditional calculation method, the distance between the visible light camera and the object being photographed is set to infinity, and the traditional wedge angle of the first wedge angle is calculated according to the formula (3) of the prior art;

[0147] Traditional wedge angle deviation degree: |simulation wedge angle-traditional wedge angle| / simulation wedge angle*100%;

[0148] Actual wedge angle deviation degree: |simulation wedge angle-actual wedge angle| / simulation wedge angle*100%.

[0149] Embodiment 1-20

[0150] The calibration collection distance D of the optical sensor 200 is 20 meters, the simulation wedge angle, the actual wedge angle and the traditional wedge angle of the first wedge angle δ1 corresponding to different longitudinal curvature radii R of the signal collection area 101 are calculated, and the calculation results are listed in Table 1.

[0151] Table 1: Calculation results of embodiments 1-20

[0152] In the embodiments 1-20, the actual wedge angle is closer to the simulation wedge angle compared with the traditional wedge angle, which makes the signal collection area 101 of the vehicle window glass 100 more favorable for the optical sensor to collect image data of the target object at 20 m, reduces the interference of the secondary image on the image data, and improves the working accuracy of the optical sensor 200. Preferably, the longitudinal curvature radius of the signal collection area 101 is greater than or equal to 500 mm, or preferably greater than or equal to 1000 mm, more preferably greater than or equal to 1500 mm, and further more preferably greater than or equal to 2000 mm. Considering the overall modeling design and manufacturing process difficulty, the longitudinal curvature radius of the signal collection area 101 is preferably 3000 mm-12000 mm, and the first wedge angle δ1 is 0.15 mrad-0.5 mrad.

[0153] The actual wedge angle of the first wedge angle δ1 calculated according to the calculation formula (1) of the present application can greatly reduce the actual wedge angle deviation degree, which is much smaller than the traditional wedge angle deviation degree, and the actual wedge angle deviation degree is preferably less than 4%, or ≤2%, or ≤1.5%, or ≤1%, or ≤0.5%, or ≤0.1%.

[0154] In some embodiments, the vehicle window glass 100 is a panoramic front windshield that extends to the top of the driver's head or even to the sunroof glass area, and the signal collection area 101 can be located in a curved transition area. Preferably, the longitudinal curvature radius of the signal collection area 101 is 500 mm-3000 mm, and the first wedge angle δ1 is 0.5 mrad-2.83 mrad; more preferably, the longitudinal curvature radius of the signal collection area 101 is 1000 mm-3000 mm, and the first wedge angle δ1 is 0.5 mrad-1.5 mrad; and further more preferably, the longitudinal curvature radius of the signal collection area 101 is 1500 mm-2500 mm, and the first wedge angle δ1 is 0.55 mrad-0.95 mrad.

[0155] In other embodiments, when the vehicle window glass 100 is used as a front windshield, the vehicle window glass 100 is close to a flat shape as a whole, the longitudinal curvature radius of the signal collection area 101 is greater than 12000 mm, or even greater than or equal to 15000 mm, and the first wedge angle δ1 is 0.1 mrad-0.15 mrad.

[0156] Embodiments 21-40

[0157] The calibration collection distance D of the optical sensor 200 is 30 meters, the simulation wedge angle, the actual wedge angle and the traditional wedge angle of the first wedge angle δ1 corresponding to different longitudinal curvature radii R of the signal collection area 101 are calculated, and the calculation results are listed in Table 2.

[0158] Table 2: Calculation results of embodiments 21-40

[0159] In the embodiments 21-40, the actual wedge angle is closer to the simulation wedge angle compared with the traditional wedge angle, which makes the signal collection area 101 of the vehicle window glass 100 more favorable for the optical sensor 200 to collect image data of the target object at 30 m, reduces the interference of the secondary image on the image data, and improves the working accuracy of the optical sensor 200. Preferably, the longitudinal curvature radius of the signal collection area 101 is greater than or equal to 500 mm, or preferably greater than or equal to 1000 mm, more preferably greater than or equal to 1500 mm, and further more preferably greater than or equal to 2000 mm. Considering the overall modeling design and manufacturing process difficulty, the longitudinal curvature radius of the signal collection area 101 is preferably 3000 mm-12000 mm, and the first wedge angle δ1 is 0.13 mrad-0.5 mrad.

[0160] The actual wedge angle δ1 of the first wedge angle calculated according to the calculation formula (1) of the present application can greatly reduce the actual wedge angle deviation degree, which is much smaller than the traditional wedge angle deviation degree, and the actual wedge angle deviation degree is preferably less than 4%, or ≤2%, or ≤1.5%, or ≤1%, or ≤0.5%, or ≤0.1%.

[0161] In some embodiments, the vehicle window glass 100 is a panoramic front windshield that extends to the top of the driver's head, or even to the sunroof glass area, and the signal collection area 101 can be located in the curved transition area. Preferably, the longitudinal curvature radius of the signal collection area 101 is 500 mm-3000 mm, and the first wedge angle δ1 is 0.5 mrad-2.82 mrad; more preferably, the longitudinal curvature radius of the signal collection area 101 is 1000 mm-3000 mm, and the first wedge angle δ1 is 0.5 mrad-1.5 mrad; and further more preferably, the longitudinal curvature radius of the signal collection area 101 is 1500 mm-2500 mm, and the first wedge angle δ1 is 0.55 mrad-0.95 mrad.

[0162] In other embodiments, when the vehicle window glass 100 is used as a front windshield, the vehicle window glass 100 is close to a flat shape as a whole, the longitudinal curvature radius of the signal collection area 101 is greater than 12000 mm, or even greater than or equal to 15000 mm, and the first wedge angle δ1 is 0.1 mrad-0.15 mrad.

[0163] Embodiments 41-60

[0164] The calibration collection distance D of the optical sensor 200 is 50 meters, the simulation wedge angle, the actual wedge angle and the traditional wedge angle of the first wedge angle δ1 corresponding to different longitudinal curvature radii R of the signal collection area 101 are calculated, and the calculation results are listed in Table 3.

[0165] Table 3: Calculation results of embodiments 41-60

[0166] In the embodiments 41-60, the actual wedge angle is closer to the simulation wedge angle compared with the traditional wedge angle, which makes the signal collection area 101 of the vehicle window glass 100 more conducive to the optical sensor to collect image data of the target object at a distance of 50 m, reduces the interference of the secondary image on the image data, and improves the working accuracy of the optical sensor 200. Preferably, the longitudinal curvature radius of the signal collection area 101 is greater than or equal to 500 mm, or preferably greater than or equal to 1000 mm, more preferably greater than or equal to 1500 mm, and further more preferably greater than or equal to 2000 mm. Considering the overall modeling design and manufacturing process difficulty, the longitudinal curvature radius of the signal collection area 101 is preferably 3000 mm-12000 mm, and the first wedge angle δ1 is 0.12 mrad-0.48 mrad.

[0167] The actual wedge angle of the first wedge angle δ1 calculated according to the calculation formula (1) of the present application can greatly reduce the actual wedge angle deviation degree, which is much smaller than the traditional wedge angle deviation degree, and the actual wedge angle deviation degree is preferably less than 4%, or ≤2%, or ≤1.5%, or ≤1%, or ≤0.5%, or ≤0.1%.

[0168] In some embodiments, the vehicle window glass 100 is a panoramic front windshield that extends to the top of the driver's head, or even to the sunroof glass area, and the signal collection area 101 can be located in a curved transition area. Preferably, the longitudinal curvature radius of the signal collection area 101 is 500 mm-3000 mm, and the first wedge angle δ1 is 0.48 mrad-2.81 mrad; more preferably, the longitudinal curvature radius of the signal collection area 101 is 1000 mm-3000 mm, and the first wedge angle δ1 is 0.48 mrad-1.5 mrad; and further more preferably, the longitudinal curvature radius of the signal collection area 101 is 1500 mm-2500 mm, and the first wedge angle δ1 is 0.55 mrad-0.95 mrad.

[0169] In other embodiments, when the vehicle window glass 100 is used as a front windshield, the vehicle window glass 100 is close to a flat shape as a whole, the longitudinal curvature radius of the signal collection area 101 is greater than 12000 mm, or even greater than or equal to 15000 mm, and the first wedge angle δ1 is 0.1 mrad-0.15 mrad.

[0170] Embodiments 61-80

[0171] The calibration collection distance D of the optical sensor 200 is 80 meters, the simulation wedge angle, the actual wedge angle and the traditional wedge angle of the first wedge angle δ1 corresponding to different longitudinal curvature radii R of the signal collection area 101 are calculated, and the calculation results are listed in Table 4.

[0172] Table 4: Calculation results of examples 61-80

[0173] In examples 61-80, the actual wedge angle is closer to the simulation wedge angle compared with the traditional wedge angle, which makes the signal collection area 101 of the vehicle window glass 100 more conducive to the optical sensor 200 to collect image data of the target object at a distance of 80 m, reduces the interference of the secondary image on the image data, and improves the working accuracy of the optical sensor 200. Preferably, the longitudinal curvature radius of the signal collection area 101 is greater than or equal to 500 mm, or preferably greater than or equal to 1000 mm, more preferably greater than or equal to 1500 mm, and further more preferably greater than or equal to 2000 mm. Considering the overall modeling design and manufacturing process difficulty, the longitudinal curvature radius of the signal collection area 101 is preferably 3000 mm-12000 mm, and the first wedge angle δ1 is 0.11 mrad-0.48 mrad.

[0174] The actual wedge angle δ1 of the first wedge angle calculated according to the calculation formula (1) of the present application can greatly reduce the actual wedge angle deviation degree, which is much smaller than the traditional wedge angle deviation degree, and the actual wedge angle deviation degree is preferably less than 4%, or ≤2%, or ≤1.5%, or ≤1%, or ≤0.5%, or ≤0.2%.

[0175] In some examples, the vehicle window glass 100 is a panoramic front windshield that extends to the top of the driver's head, or even to the sunroof glass area, and the signal collection area 101 can be located in a curved transition area. Preferably, the longitudinal curvature radius of the signal collection area 101 is 500 mm-3000 mm, and the first wedge angle δ1 is 0.48 mrad-2.81 mrad; more preferably, the longitudinal curvature radius of the signal collection area 101 is 1000 mm-3000 mm, and the first wedge angle δ1 is 0.48 mrad-1.5 mrad; further preferably, the longitudinal curvature radius of the signal collection area 101 is 1500 mm-2500 mm, and the first wedge angle δ1 is 0.55 mrad-0.9 mrad.

[0176] In other examples, when the vehicle window glass 100 is used as a front windshield, the vehicle window glass 100 is in a generally flat shape, the longitudinal curvature radius of the signal collection area 101 is greater than 12000 mm, or even greater than or equal to 15000 mm, and the first wedge angle δ1 is 0.1 mrad-0.15 mrad.

[0177] Examples 81-100

[0178] The calibration collection distance D of the optical sensor 200 is 120 meters, the simulation wedge angle, the actual wedge angle and the traditional wedge angle of the first wedge angle δ1 corresponding to different longitudinal curvature radii R of the signal collection area 101 are calculated, and the calculation results are listed in Table 5.

[0179] Table 5: Calculation results of examples 81-100

[0180] In examples 81-100, the actual wedge angle is closer to the simulation wedge angle compared with the conventional wedge angle, which makes the signal collection area 101 of the vehicle window glass 100 more conducive to the optical sensor 120m for collecting image data of the target object, reduces the interference of the secondary image on the image data, and improves the working accuracy of the optical sensor 200. Preferably, the longitudinal curvature radius of the signal collection area 101 is greater than or equal to 500mm, or preferably greater than or equal to 1000mm, more preferably the radius is greater than or equal to 1500mm, and further more preferably greater than or equal to 2000mm. Considering the overall modeling design and manufacturing process difficulty, the longitudinal curvature radius of the signal collection area 101 is preferably 3000mm-12000mm, and the first wedge angle δ1 is 0.1mrad-0.48mrad.

[0181] The actual wedge angle of the first wedge angle δ1 calculated according to the calculation formula (1) of the present application can greatly reduce the actual wedge angle deviation degree, which is much smaller than the conventional wedge angle deviation degree, and the actual wedge angle deviation degree is preferably less than 4%, or ≤2%, or ≤1.5%, or ≤1%, or ≤0.5%, or ≤0.2%.

[0182] In some examples, the vehicle window glass 100 is a panoramic front windshield that extends to the top of the driver's head, or even to the sunroof glass area, and the signal collection area 101 can be located in the curved transition area. Preferably, the longitudinal curvature radius of the signal collection area 101 is 500mm-3000mm, and the first wedge angle δ1 is 0.48mrad-2.8mrad; more preferably, the longitudinal curvature radius of the signal collection area 101 is 1000mm-3000mm, and the first wedge angle δ1 is 0.48mrad-1.5mrad; further preferably, the longitudinal curvature radius of the signal collection area 101 is 1500mm-2500mm, and the first wedge angle δ1 is 0.55mrad-0.9mrad.

[0183] In other examples, when the vehicle window glass 100 is used as a front windshield, the vehicle window glass 100 is close to a flat shape as a whole, the longitudinal curvature radius of the signal collection area 101 is greater than 12000mm, or even greater than or equal to 15000mm, and the first wedge angle δ1 is 0.09mrad-0.15mrad.

[0184] Examples 101-120

[0185] The longitudinal curvature radius R of the signal collection area 101 is 1000 mm, the simulation wedge angle, the actual wedge angle and the traditional wedge angle of the first wedge angle δ1 corresponding to different calibration collection distances D of the optical sensor 200 are calculated, and the calculation results are listed in Table 6.

[0186] Table 6: Calculation results of examples 101-120

[0187] In examples 101-120, since the longitudinal curvature radius R is constant, the traditional wedge angle is also constant, but the calibration collection distance D is different, so the traditional wedge angle obtained by the traditional calculation method cannot meet the actual use requirements of the high-resolution camera. Compared with the traditional wedge angle, the actual wedge angle is closer to the simulation wedge angle, which makes the signal collection area 101 of the vehicle window glass 100 more conducive to the collection of image data by optical sensors with different calibration collection distances, reduces the interference of the secondary image deviation on the image data, and improves the working accuracy of the optical sensor 200. Preferably, when the longitudinal curvature radius R of the signal collection area 101 is 1000 mm, the first wedge angle δ1 is 1.40 mrad-1.55 mrad.

[0188] The actual wedge angle of the first wedge angle δ1 calculated according to the calculation formula (1) of the present application can greatly reduce the actual wedge angle deviation, which is much smaller than the traditional wedge angle deviation, and the actual wedge angle deviation is preferably less than or equal to 1.5%, or ≤1%.

[0189] Examples 121-140

[0190] The longitudinal curvature radius R of the signal collection area 101 is 1500 mm, the simulation wedge angle, the actual wedge angle and the traditional wedge angle of the first wedge angle δ1 corresponding to different calibration collection distances D of the optical sensor 200 are calculated, and the calculation results are listed in Table 7.

[0191] Table 7: Calculation results of examples 121-140

[0192] In examples 121-140, since the longitudinal curvature radius R is constant, the traditional wedge angle is also constant, but the calibration collection distance D is different, so the traditional wedge angle obtained by the traditional calculation method cannot meet the actual use requirements of the high-resolution camera. Compared with the traditional wedge angle, the actual wedge angle is closer to the simulation wedge angle, which makes the signal collection area 101 of the vehicle window glass 100 more conducive to the collection of image data by optical sensors with different calibration collection distances, reduces the interference of the secondary image deviation on the image data, and improves the working accuracy of the optical sensor 200. Preferably, when the longitudinal curvature radius R of the signal collection area 101 is 1500 mm, the first wedge angle δ1 is 0.93 mrad-1.1 mrad.

[0193] The actual wedge angle of the first wedge angle δ1 calculated according to the calculation formula (1) of the present application can greatly reduce the actual wedge angle deviation degree, which is much smaller than the traditional wedge angle deviation degree, and preferably the actual wedge angle deviation degree is less than or equal to 1.2%, or ≤1%, or ≤0.75%.

[0194] Examples 141-160

[0195] The longitudinal curvature radius R of the signal collection area 101 is 2000 mm, the simulation wedge angle, the actual wedge angle and the traditional wedge angle of the first wedge angle δ1 corresponding to different calibration collection distances D of the optical sensor 200 are calculated, and the calculation results are listed in Table 8.

[0196] Table 8: Calculation results of examples 141-160

[0197] In examples 140-160, since the longitudinal curvature radius R is constant, the traditional wedge angle is also constant, but the calibration collection distance D is different, so the traditional wedge angle obtained by the traditional calculation method cannot meet the actual use requirements of the high-resolution camera. Compared with the traditional wedge angle, the actual wedge angle is closer to the simulation wedge angle, which makes the signal collection area 101 of the vehicle window glass 100 more conducive to the collection of image data by optical sensors with different calibration collection distances, reduces the interference of the sub-image deviation on the image data, and improves the working precision of the optical sensor 200. Preferably, when the longitudinal curvature radius R of the signal collection area 101 is 2000 mm, the first wedge angle δ1 is 0.70 mrad-0.84 mrad.

[0198] The actual wedge angle of the first wedge angle δ1 calculated according to the calculation formula (1) of the present application can greatly reduce the actual wedge angle deviation degree, which is much smaller than the traditional wedge angle deviation degree, and preferably the actual wedge angle deviation degree is less than or equal to 0.75%, or ≤0.5%, or ≤0.1%.

[0199] Examples 161-180

[0200] The longitudinal curvature radius R of the signal collection area 101 is 3000 mm, the simulation wedge angle, the actual wedge angle and the traditional wedge angle of the first wedge angle δ1 corresponding to different calibration collection distances D of the optical sensor 200 are calculated, and the calculation results are listed in Table 9.

[0201] Table 9: Calculation results of examples 161-180

[0202] In the embodiments 161-180, the traditional wedge angle is unchanged because the longitudinal radius of curvature R is unchanged, but the calibration collection distance D is different, so the traditional wedge angle obtained by the traditional calculation method cannot meet the actual use requirements of the high-resolution camera. Compared with the traditional wedge angle, the actual wedge angle is closer to the simulation wedge angle, so that the signal collection area 101 of the vehicle window glass 100 is more conducive to the collection of image data by the optical sensor with different calibration collection distances, reduces the interference of the secondary image deviation on the image data, and improves the working precision of the optical sensor 200. Preferably, when the longitudinal radius of curvature R of the signal collection area 101 is 3000 mm, the first wedge angle δ1 is 0.47 mrad-0.65 mrad.

[0203] The actual wedge angle of the first wedge angle δ1 calculated according to the calculation formula (1) of the present application can greatly reduce the actual wedge angle deviation degree, which is much smaller than the traditional wedge angle deviation degree, and preferably the actual wedge angle deviation degree is less than or equal to 0.5%, or ≤0.25%, or ≤0.1%.

[0204] Embodiments 181-200

[0205] The longitudinal radius of curvature R of the signal collection area 101 is 5000 mm, the simulation wedge angle, the actual wedge angle and the traditional wedge angle of the first wedge angle δ1 corresponding to different calibration collection distances D of the optical sensor 200 are calculated, and the calculation results are listed in Table 10.

[0206] Table 10: Calculation results of embodiments 181-200

[0207] In the embodiments 181-200, the traditional wedge angle is unchanged because the longitudinal radius of curvature R is unchanged, but the calibration collection distance D is different, so the traditional wedge angle obtained by the traditional calculation method cannot meet the actual use requirements of the high-resolution camera. Compared with the traditional wedge angle, the actual wedge angle is closer to the simulation wedge angle, so that the signal collection area 101 of the vehicle window glass 100 is more conducive to the collection of image data by the optical sensor with different calibration collection distances, reduces the interference of the secondary image deviation on the image data, and improves the working precision of the optical sensor 200. Preferably, when the longitudinal radius of curvature R of the signal collection area 101 is 5000 mm, the first wedge angle δ1 is 0.28 mrad-0.45 mrad.

[0208] The actual wedge angle of the first wedge angle δ1 calculated according to the calculation formula (1) of the present application can greatly reduce the actual wedge angle deviation degree, which is much smaller than the traditional wedge angle deviation degree, and preferably the actual wedge angle deviation degree is less than or equal to 1%, or ≤0.75%, or ≤0.5%.

[0209] Embodiments 201-220

[0210] The longitudinal curvature radius R of the signal collection area 101 is 8000 mm, the simulation wedge angle, the actual wedge angle and the traditional wedge angle of the first wedge angle δ1 corresponding to different calibration collection distances D of the optical sensor 200 are calculated, and the calculation results are listed in Table 11.

[0211] Table 11: Calculation results of examples 201-220

[0212] In examples 201-220, since the longitudinal curvature radius R is constant, the traditional wedge angle is also constant, but the calibration collection distance D is different, so the traditional wedge angle obtained by the traditional calculation method cannot meet the actual use requirements of the high-resolution camera. Compared with the traditional wedge angle, the actual wedge angle is closer to the simulation wedge angle, which makes the signal collection area 101 of the vehicle window glass 100 more conducive to collecting image data by optical sensors with different calibration collection distances, reduces the interference of the secondary image deviation on the image data, and improves the working accuracy of the optical sensor 200. Preferably, when the longitudinal curvature radius R of the signal collection area 101 is 8000 mm, the first wedge angle δ1 is 0.18 mrad-0.35 mrad.

[0213] The actual wedge angle of the first wedge angle δ1 calculated according to the calculation formula (1) of the present application can greatly reduce the actual wedge angle deviation degree, which is much smaller than the traditional wedge angle deviation degree, and the actual wedge angle deviation degree is preferably less than or equal to 1.5%, or ≤1%, or ≤0.5%.

[0214] Examples 221-240

[0215] The longitudinal curvature radius R of the signal collection area 101 is 12000 mm, the simulation wedge angle, the actual wedge angle and the traditional wedge angle of the first wedge angle δ1 corresponding to different calibration collection distances D of the optical sensor 200 are calculated, and the calculation results are listed in Table 12.

[0216] Table 12: Calculation results of examples 221-240

[0217] In examples 221-240, since the longitudinal curvature radius R is constant, the traditional wedge angle is also constant, but the calibration collection distance D is different, so the traditional wedge angle obtained by the traditional calculation method cannot meet the actual use requirements of the high-resolution camera. Compared with the traditional wedge angle, the actual wedge angle is closer to the simulation wedge angle, which makes the signal collection area 101 of the vehicle window glass 100 more conducive to collecting image data by optical sensors with different calibration collection distances, reduces the interference of the secondary image deviation on the image data, and improves the working accuracy of the optical sensor 200. Preferably, when the longitudinal curvature radius R of the signal collection area 101 is 12000 mm, the first wedge angle δ1 is 0.12 mrad-0.26 mrad.

[0218] The actual wedge angle of the first wedge angle δ1 calculated according to the calculation formula (1) of the present application can greatly reduce the actual wedge angle deviation degree, which is much smaller than the conventional wedge angle deviation degree, preferably the actual wedge angle deviation degree is less than or equal to 2%, or ≤1%, or ≤0.5%.

[0219] The above provides the content provided by the embodiments of the present application, the principles and embodiments of the present application are described and explained, and these explanations are only used to help understand the method of the present application and its core idea. However, the content of the specification should not be understood as a limitation of the present application, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. These modifications and variations of the present application are within the scope of the claims of the present application and its equivalent technologies.

Claims

1. A vehicle glazing, characterised in that, The vehicle window glass is applied to a vehicle, and at least one optical sensor is installed inside the vehicle; The vehicle window glass includes at least one signal collection zone having a wedge shape with an upper side thickness greater than a lower side thickness when the vehicle window glass is installed in a vehicle, the optical sensor being capable of receiving a light signal from a target object that passes through the signal collection zone, the at least one signal collection zone having a first wedge angle δ1 that satisfies: wherein t1 is the thickness of the vehicle window glass of the signal collection area, R1 is the longitudinal radius of curvature of the vehicle window glass of the signal collection area, n1 is the refractive index of the vehicle window glass, D is the nominal collection distance of the optical sensor, D = 5 m ~ 160 m, The target object is located at the calibration collection distance, and the included angle between the line connecting the optical sensor and the normal line of the signal collection area is calculated.

2. The vehicle glazing of claim 1, wherein, The vehicle window glass comprises an outer glass plate, an intermediate bonding layer and an inner glass plate, the outer glass plate has a first surface and a second surface arranged oppositely, the inner glass plate has a third surface and a fourth surface arranged oppositely, the intermediate bonding layer is arranged between the second surface and the third surface, the thickness of the outer glass plate is 1.6mm-4mm, the thickness of the intermediate bonding layer is 0.38mm-2.28mm, and the thickness of the inner glass plate is 0.7mm-2.5mm.

3. The vehicle glazing of claim 1, wherein, The first wedge angle δ1 is constant or continuously monotonically decreases from the lower side to the upper side.

4. The vehicle glazing of claim 1, wherein, When the R1 is 500mm≤R1<2000mm, the δ1 is 0.65mrad≤δ1≤2.83mrad; Or when the R1 is 2000mm≤R1≤8000mm, the δ1 is 0.17mrad≤δ1≤0.7mrad; Or when the R1 is R1>8000mm, the δ1 is 0.1mrad≤δ1≤0.35mrad.

5. The glazing of claim 1, wherein, The longitudinal curvature radius R1 of the vehicle window glass in the signal collection area changes monotonically, and the change rate of the longitudinal curvature radius R1 is-10% to +10% or-5% to +5%.

6. The glazing of claim 1, wherein, The signal collection area makes the parallax of the image data collected by the optical sensor less than or equal to 5.0 arcmin.

7. The glazing of claim 1, wherein, Each signal collection area is used for an optical sensor to collect image data, and the first wedge angle δ1 is calculated according to the calibration collection distance D of the optical sensor.

8. The glazing of claim 1, wherein, Each signal collection area is used for at least two optical sensors to collect image data, and the first wedge angle δ1 is calculated according to the calibration collection distance D of one of the optical sensors.

9. The vehicle glazing of claim 1, wherein, Each signal collection region is used for N optical sensors to collect image data, and the first wedge angle δ1 satisfies: Among them, x1, x2…x N To calculate the weight, δ 01 ,δ 02 …δ 0N is the calibration acquisition distance D of the Nth optical sensor N The calculated wedge angle value is N≥2.

10. The vehicle glazing of claim 1, wherein, The vehicle window glass further comprises at least one head-up display area, each head-up display area is used for reflecting projection light emitted by a projection light source to form a head-up display image.

11. The vehicle glazing of claim 10, wherein, The projection light comprises at least 80% of P-polarized light and at most 20% of S-polarized light, the head-up display area has a rectangular shape with the upper side thickness equal to the lower side thickness when the vehicle window glass is installed on a vehicle, the head-up display area is provided with a P-polarized light reflection film or a holographic film, and the head-up display area has a reflectivity of at least 10% to P-polarized light incident at an incident angle of 65°.

12. The vehicle glazing of claim 10, wherein, The projection light comprises at least 50% of S-polarized light and at most 50% of P-polarized light, the head-up display area has a wedge shape with the upper side thickness greater than the lower side thickness when the vehicle window glass is installed on a vehicle, and at least one head-up display area has a second wedge angle δ2, δ2=0.1mrad-0.8mrad.

13. The vehicle glazing of claim 12, wherein, The second wedge angle δ2 is constant or continuously variable.

14. The vehicle glazing of claim 12, wherein, The first wedge angle δ1 is greater than the second wedge angle δ2, δ1=0.2mrad-0.5mrad, and δ2=0.15mrad-0.4mrad.

15. The vehicle glazing of claim 14, wherein, The difference between the first wedge angle δ1 and the second wedge angle δ2 is δ1-δ2≤0.1 mrad, or δ1-δ2≤0.08 mrad.

16. The vehicle glazing of claim 12, wherein, The first wedge angle δ1 is less than the second wedge angle δ2, δ1=0.2 mrad-0.5 mrad, and δ2=0.4 mrad-0.8 mrad.

17. The vehicle glazing of claim 16, wherein, The difference between the first wedge angle δ1 and the second wedge angle δ2 is δ2-δ1≥0.2 mrad, or δ2-δ1≥0.3 mrad, or δ2-δ1≥0.4 mrad.

18. The vehicle glazing of claim 12, wherein, A wedge angle transition area is arranged between the signal collection area and the head-up display area, and a wedge angle change rate of the wedge angle transition area is ≤0.3 mrad / 100 mm, or ≤0.2 mrad / 100 mm, or ≤0.1 mrad / 100 mm, or ≤0.05 mrad / 100 mm.

19. The window pane of claim 1, wherein, The vehicle window glass further comprises at least one of an anti-fingerprint film, a heat insulation film, an electric heating film, an anti-ultraviolet film, and a defogging film, and the heat insulation film and the electric heating film avoid the signal collection area.

20. A method of designing a vehicle glazing, characterized in that, Comprising: Obtaining first data of the vehicle window glass, the first data comprising a signal collection area position of the vehicle window glass, a thickness t1 of the vehicle window glass in the signal collection area, a longitudinal curvature radius R1 of the vehicle window glass in the signal collection area, and a refractive index n1 of the vehicle window glass; obtaining second data of the optical sensor, the second data comprising a number of the optical sensor, a position of the optical sensor, a calibrated collection distance D of the optical sensor, a target object located at the calibrated collection distance, and an included angle between a line connecting the optical sensor and the target object and a normal line of the signal collection area calculating a first wedge angle δ1 of the signal collection region from the first data and the second data: Wherein, D=5 meters-160 meters.

21. The method of claim 20, wherein, The number of the optical sensors is one or at least two, and the first wedge angle δ1 is obtained according to a calibration collection distance D of one of the optical sensors.

22. The method of claim 20, wherein, the number of the optical sensors is at least two, the first wedge angle δ1 satisfies: Among them, x1, x2…x N To calculate the weight, δ 01 ,δ 02 …δ 0N is the calibration acquisition distance D of the Nth optical sensor N The calculated wedge angle value is N≥2.

23. A vehicle window assembly characterized by, Comprising: The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1-19; And At least one optical sensor is mounted on the inner surface of the vehicle window glass.

24. The vehicle window assembly of claim 23, wherein, The optical sensor comprises at least one of a narrow-angle camera, a standard camera, and a wide-angle camera; When the optical sensor is a narrow-angle camera, a horizontal field of view angle HFOV of the narrow-angle camera is <40°, and the calibration collection distance D=100 m-160 m; When the optical sensor is a standard camera, a horizontal field of view angle 40°≤HFOV≤90° of the standard camera, and the calibration collection distance D=50 m-100 m; When the optical sensor is a wide-angle camera, a horizontal field of view angle HFOV of the wide-angle camera is >90°, and the calibration collection distance D=10 m-50 m.

25. The vehicle window assembly of claim 24, wherein, When the optical sensor comprises a standard camera and at least one of a narrow-angle camera and a wide-angle camera, the calibration collection distance D=50 m-100 m.

26. The vehicle window assembly of claim 24, wherein, At least one of the narrow-angle camera, the standard camera, and the wide-angle camera is a visible light camera with a pixel greater than or equal to 5 million, and a modulation transfer function MTF value of the visible light camera at 1 / 2 Nyquist frequency is greater than or equal to 0.6.

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