Heater

Abstract

The invention relates to devices for heating fluids. The present heater consists of a casing made of a metal tube, a threaded nut, a heating element in the form of a coil insulated by a dielectric composition and disposed on a heat-resistant rod, with electrically conductive contacts passing through a plug disposed at one end of the heater, and a plug situated at the other end of the heater. The heater is equipped with a heat-resistant rod having a heat-reflecting surface. The space between the heating element and the inner side of the casing is filled with graphene. The surface of the casing has grooves throughout the entire length thereof. The invention makes it possible to increase the speed with which a fluid is heated by reducing the heat transfer time from the heating element to the casing, which is in contact with the fluid. The invention further makes it possible to reduce the operating power of the heater by comparison with known technical solutions.

Description

[0001] Description of the invention

[0002] Heater.

[0003] The invention relates to electrical engineering, in particular to devices for heating liquids.

[0004] Utility model No. 223643 (RU) 02 / 28 / 2024, “Tubular electric heater unit,” is known from the prior art.

[0005] A block of tubular electric heaters consisting of a cover and tubular electric heaters interconnected by nine pieces, each of which is a shell made of corrosion-resistant steel, inside which a spiral of nichrome wire is installed, the ends of which are welded to the terminals of the electric heaters, equipped on the outside with contact plates made with the possibility of connection to a power cable, and the space between the shell and the spiral is filled with periclase powder, while the cover is equipped with fittings connected to the tubular water heaters by means of welding and soldering, as well as a channel and a strip with partitions, and the electric heaters are sealed at the ends with a heat-resistant sealant, the layer thickness of which is 8 mm.

[0006] The disadvantages of this utility model are the low heating rate, due to the presence of an insulating material made of periclase powder, which has a fairly low heat transfer rate.

[0007] The prior art includes invention No. 2239958 (RU) 12 / 16 / 2002 “Tubular electric heater”.

[0008] The invention is based on the task of improving a tubular electric heater, in which, as a result of the implementation of a mounting flange with external and internal threads on the body, a sealing unit for the contact rods in the form of a cylindrical fitting with an external thread, and fixing it in the mounting flange with a nut, making two holes in the fitting parallel to the axis of the fitting, placing insulators at one end of the fitting, and at the other end of the shells of the tubular electric heating element, arranging the contact rods in the openings of the fitting and insulators and fixing them in the openings with a mixture of alabaster, cement and quartz sand, the possibility of axial movement of the mounting flange relative to the fitting, installation of the electric heating element on virtually any seat having a suitable thread, effective "breathing" of the heater is ensured, and due to this, the functionality of the heating elements is significantly expanded,and also increases their reliability and durability.

[0009] The disadvantages of this invention are the absence of a heat-reflecting surface on the rod, which leads to heat loss, and the presence of an insulating material made of quartz sand, which has a fairly low heat transfer rate.

[0010] The closest to the declared technical solution is No. 2622392 (RU) 06 / 15 / 2017 “Tubular electric heater”.

[0011] A tubular electric heater comprises a housing, a dielectric rod, and a conductive coil wound around the rod. The space between the rod and the housing is filled with a dielectric material. The rod is hollow, with the coil passing through the rod's interior and wound around its outer surface. The housing and rod are made of metal-ceramic or quartz glass, and the space between the rod and the housing is filled with quartz sand or liquid glass.

[0012] The disadvantages of this invention are the absence of a heat-reflecting surface on the rod, which leads to heat loss, and the presence of an insulating material made of quartz sand, which has a fairly low heat transfer rate.

[0013] The technical task of the claimed iso-detection is to create a heater that eliminates heat loss and increases the rate of heat transfer and, accordingly, the rate of heating of the liquid.

[0014] The solution to the technical problem of the claimed isotherm is achieved by equipping a heater consisting of a shell made of a metal pipe, a threaded nut, a heating element in the form of a dielectric-insulated coil mounted on a heat-resistant rod, with conductive contacts passing through a plug located at one end of the heater and a plug located at the other end of the heater, and a heat-resistant rod having a heat-reflecting surface, wherein the volume of the space between the heating element and the inner side of the shell is filled with graphene. Figure 1 shows a diagram of the claimed heater according to paragraph 1 of the claims of the claimed invention.

[0015] The claimed heater comprises a shell made of a metal pipe (1), a nut (10), a heating element made in the form of a spiral insulated with a dielectric compound (2), a heat-resistant rod (3), conductive contacts (4), a plug (5), a plug (6), a heat-reflecting surface (7), graphene (8).

[0016] Figure 2 shows a diagram of the claimed heater according to paragraph 2 of the invention formula.

[0017] The claimed heater comprises a shell made from a metal pipe (1) with grooves along its entire length (9), a nut (10), a heating element made in the form of a spiral insulated with a dielectric composition (2), a heat-resistant rod (3), conductive contacts (4), a plug (5), a plug (b), a heat-reflecting surface (7), graphene (8).

[0018] The claimed invention implies the following procedure for a set of features for the most complete heating of the liquid.

[0019] An electric current is applied through conductive contacts (4). The coil (2), which has a certain resistance, heats up. Heat from the lower part of the coil, without heating the heat-resistant rod (3), is reflected and transferred without loss through the graphene (8) to the shell (1) for heat exchange with the liquid.

[0020] Thus, by equipping the claimed heater with a heat-resistant rod with a heat-reflecting surface and filling the space between the heating element and the inner side of the shell with graphene, heat is transferred more quickly from the heating element to the shell, which transfers heat to the liquid.

[0021] The claimed invention makes it possible to increase the rate of heating of a liquid by reducing the time of heat transfer from the heating element to the shell in contact with the liquid.

[0022] The claimed invention will allow for a reduction in the operating power of the heater compared to known technical solutions.

Claims

Invention formula Heater 1. A heater consisting of a shell made of a metal pipe, a threaded nut, a heating element in the form of a spiral insulated with a dielectric compound, located on a heat-resistant rod, with conductive contacts passing through a plug located at one end of the heater and a plug located at the other end of the heater, characterized in that the heat-resistant rod has a heat-reflecting surface, and the volume of space between the heating element and the inner side of the shell is filled with graphene.

2. According to paragraph 1, characterized in that grooves are made on the surface of the shell along its entire length.

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